概念引入
今天我们要学习过去分词作表语和定语的用法。先看下面这些句子：
1. But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera.
(inspired过去分词作表语；exposed过去分词作定语)
2. So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak.
(terrified过去分词作定语)
3. He became interested in two theories that possibly explained how cholera killed people.
(interested 过去分词作表语)
4. From the stomach the disease quickly attacked the body and soon the affected person died.
(affected过去分词作定语)
5. He was determined to find out why. （determined过去分词作表语）
6. He found that it came from the river polluted by the dirty water from London.
(polluted过去分词作定语)
上面句子中的黑体词都是过去分词，句1（inspired）、句3、句5中的三个词跟在系动词became、was后作表语；而句1（exposed）、句2、句4、句6中的四个词放在名词前或后修饰名词，作定语。那么过去分词是什么？有什么作用？我们将在本单元和下两个单元中与同学们一起学习。
用法讲解
过去分词的作用
英语中动词如果不作谓语时叫非谓语动词。非谓语动词分为：不定式（to do）、动词-ing形式（doing）和过去分词（done）。
动词-ing形式可分为现在分词和动名词：现在分词强调动作，如a sleeping boy中的sleeping强调“睡觉”这一动作，而且此动作正在进行，与所修饰词boy有逻辑上的主谓关系（即sleeping的动作是boy做的），因此是现在分词作定语；而a sleeping bag中的sleeping强调功能，表示“用来睡觉的”，是动名词作定语。
过去分词多表示动作的被动和完成，但要注意不及物动词的过去分词常表示“完成”的动作，而不表示“被
动”意义。
本单元主要学习过去分词作表语和定语。
1. 与助动词一起构成谓语：
1）过去分词与have/ has/ had一起构成完成时，如：
Haveyou ever been to abroad before? 你以前出过国吗？(现在完成时)
The roads were full of people. We hadn’t thought of that. （过去完成时）路上到处都是人。我们之前没有想到这一点。
2）过去分词与be动词一起构成被动语态。
Will the goods be delivered to us on time? 这些货物能按时交付给我们吗？
These books are not intended for children. 这些书不是为孩子们设计的。
2. 非谓语动词用法
作为非谓语动词在句子中作定语、状语、表语和宾语补足语。
1）作表语：
I am awfully worried, because Daddy is ill.我很着急，因为爸爸病了。
2）作定语：
She had a worried look on her face. 她满面愁容。
3）作宾语补足语：
She wanted the work finished by Friday. 她要求这工作星期五前完成。
4）作状语：
They came in, followed by their wives. 他们走了进来，妻子们跟随在后。
Convinced that they were trying to poison her, she refused to eat anything.
她认为他们想毒害她，便拒绝吃任何东西。
过去分词作定语
1. 过去分词作定语的位置
单个过去分词作定语时，多放在被修饰词前，而分词短语多放在被修饰词后。
Martin’s confused sorrows turned to optimism. 马丁烦乱的悲哀情绪转而变成了乐观情绪。
The play put on by the teachers was a big success. 老师们表演的戏很成功。
注意：有些单个的过去分词，习惯上要放在被修饰词后面；过去分词如果修饰代词时，也多放在被修饰词后。
There is little time left. Let’s hurry up. 剩下的时间不多了，我们赶快吧。
He is one of those invited. 他是被邀请的人之一。
2. 过去分词作定语时的意义：
首先我们研究一下这些例句：
1）She had a worried look on her face. 她脸上有担心的表情。
2）The frightened horse ran away from the fire. 恐惧的马逃离了大火。
3）She had confused feelings about him. 她对他的感觉有点迷惑。
4）He wore an embarrassed expression. 他一副尴尬的表情。
句1）中worried修饰“look（表情）”。也许你还记得老师说过：
物时要用-ing形式，人就用-ed形式，初中时老师会这样讲，如：
I’m interested in the book.
The book is interesting.
但是在高中，我们就要思考、分析一下，因为有时事物也会用-ed，而人也可能用-ing。注意句1），
凡是“表情（look/ expression）”一定都是“由里向外”发出的，如：
我高兴------pleased look
我满意------ satisfied look
我担忧------worried look
也就是说，自己由里而外的感觉要用-ed的形式。
什么时候人可能用-ing形式呢？如：
看到一个可爱的男孩儿跑过来了，我们可以说：The boy is interesting. 再如： She is frightened. -----表示“She”胆子小，很害怕，是内部的感觉；但是如果“She”长得像个妖怪呢？
就该是“She is frightening.”了，指的是horrible（吓人的）。
所以-ing形式是“给别人的感觉”，而-ed是内在的感觉。这是常考的易错点。
句2）中the frightened horse指受到惊吓的马，是马内在的感受；不指马长得难看。
同样，句3）中confused feelings也是指内在的感受；
句4）中an embarrassed expression是由于内心的尴尬而发出的表情。
再看下面的短语中的过去分词：
theunemployed (未受雇佣的)workers ---- “工人”是“未被雇佣的”
thescheduled (依时刻表运行的)train ---- “火车”是被定了时间表的
the advertised (广告中的)product ----“商品”是被做了广告
the buried (掩埋的)treasure ---- 被埋的珍宝（bury）
the injured (受伤的)passenger ---- injure sb./oneself
使某人/自己受伤，乘客“被使受伤”的，此处更强调“完成”
fallen leaves ---- fall是不及物动词，fallen此处只表示“完成”
小结：
1）及物动词的过去分词作定语时，被修饰词经常是过去分词动作的承受者，即逻辑上
的动宾关系，此时过去分词表示
被动，有时还表示动作的完成。此时过去分词与其附属成分（宾语或状语等）相当于定语从句。
He found that it came from the river polluted by the dirty water from London （=which had been polluted by the dirty water from London）.
他发现水是从被伦敦排出的脏水污染了的河里来的。（表示被动和完成）
It’s said that an honoured guest will be here in half an hour. （只表示被动）
据说半小时后有位受尊敬的客人就到了。
2）不及物动词的过去分词作定语，只表示动作已经完成。
vanished jewels消失了的珠宝 a retired teacher 一位退休教师
3. 现在分词和过去分词作定语的区别：
1）语态上的不同
注意被修饰词与分词动作的关系：
现在分词表示主动，即现在分词动作是被修饰词做的。
过去分词表示被动，即被修饰词是过去分词动作的承受者。
对比：
spoken English 英语口语（英语是被说的）
an English-speaking country 一个说英语的国家（国家的人说英语----主动）
再如：
a simply-furnished room 装修简单的房间（房间被装修）
a fast developing country 快速发展的国家（国家发展----主动）
2）时间关系上的不同
现在分词表示正在进行的动作，而过去分词多表示已经完成的动作。
the changing world 正在发生变化的世界
the changed world 已经变化了的世界
再如：
the house being built正在建造的房子
the house built in 2010 2010年建造的房子
过去分词作表语
1. 过去分词放在系动词be, get, feel, remain, seem, become等后作表语, 多为及物动词变化而来的，有被动意
味，表示主语所处的状态。
He became annoyed with the students. 他非常生学生的气。
Are you married or single? 你是已婚还是单身？
He seems well qualified for the job. 他好像非常胜任这个工作。
2. 少数不及物动词的过去分词也可以作表语，只有完成的意思，也说明主语所处的状态。
Gone are the days（=The days are gone）when my heart was young and gay.
我的心又年轻又愉快的日子一去不复返了。
The sun is set. Let’s go home. 太阳落山了，我们回家吧。
3. 过去分词作表语与被动语态的区别：
过去分词作表语表示状态，而被动语态表示被动的动作。
The cup is broken. 那个茶杯打碎了。（指茶杯现在的状态，系表结构）
The cup was broken by Tom when he took it to the living room.（指过去动作，被动语态）
那个是汤姆打碎的，当时他正把它拿到客厅去。
4. 与感觉有关的动词的现在分词和过去分词的区别：
在过去分词作定语部分我们已经涉及到这些词的用法了，下面是从动词角度去理解的方法。
这些与感觉有关的及物动词的意思都是“使（某人）......”，其现在分词表示主动意义，即“令人有某种感觉
的”；过去分词表示被动意义，即“人被引起某种感觉的”，指人“内在的感觉”。如：
interest 意思是“使（某人）感兴趣”；
interesting 意思为“令人感兴趣的，有趣的”，表示事物的性质；
interested 表示“感兴趣的”，表示人内心的感觉。
区别：
His novels will interest everyone who reads them. (interest 动词，使......感兴趣)
他的小说会使每位读者感兴趣。
His novels are interesting. (interesting 现在分词，有主动意义，指主语的性质)
他的小说很有趣。
Everyone will be interested in his novels. (interested 过去分词，有被动意义，指人的感觉)
每个人都会对他的小说感兴趣。
再如：
1. The result of the test was rather ________. （disappoint）
2. He was very ________ at the result of the test. （disappoint）
3. His look was _______ and the children felt ________. （frighten）
解析：
1. disappointing。用现在分词表示事物的特点。句意：测试的结果很令人失望。
2. disappointed。用过去分词表示主语内心的感觉。句意：他对考试的结果很失望。
3. frightening；frightened。第一空说明“他的表情”的特点是“令人/让别人恐惧的”，用现在分词；第二空
表示“孩子”的内心感觉，用过去分词。句意：他的面貌很吓人，孩子们都很害怕。
对比并记忆下列词语：
动词（使某人......）现在分词（令人......）过去分词（感到......）
move 使感动moving 令人感动的 moved 受感动的
amuse 使发笑amusing 有趣的，逗人发笑的amused 被逗笑的
astonish 使吃惊 astonishing 令人吃惊的
astonished 感到吃惊的
excite 使激动 exciting激动人心的
excited 感到激动的
bore 使烦恼 boring无趣的，单调乏味的bored 感到无聊的
amaze 使大为吃惊amazing 令人惊异的amazed 感到惊奇的
satisfy 使满意，使满足satisfying 令人满意（足）的 satisfied 感到满意的
又如：
动词-ing形式：
encouraging令人鼓舞的inspiring 鼓舞人的 moving感人的
surprising令人吃惊的puzzling 令人困惑的 promising 有希望的
过去分词：
discouraged 气馁的 frightened 恐惧的 pleased 感到高兴的
tired感到疲倦的worried感到担心的 shocked 感到震惊的
delighted 感到高兴的 hurt受伤的 inspired 感到受鼓舞的worn out 筋疲力尽的
巩固练习
Ⅰ. 用动词的正确形式填空：
1. Seeing the _______ (frighten) snake, the _______ (frighten) girl held her father’s arm tightly.
2. A theory ________ (put) forward by Einstein is well known to all.
3. What’s the language _______（speak）in that country?
4. We must keep a secret of the things ________ (discuss) here.
5. A woman, _______ (dress) in a beautiful blouse came in and sat in the first row.
6. Your mother was _______ (annoy) at your saying that.
7. The house ________ (stand) at the corner of the street was built at the beginning of last century.
8. —Can those ________ (seat) at the back of the classroom hear me?
—No problem.
9. The flower _______ (smell) terrible should be taken out of the room.
10. He seemed quite ________ (delight) at the news.
11. The first three rows of the hall are _______ (reserve) for special guests, so you can’t sit here.
12. I followed my brother and entered a dark ________ (crowd) room.
13. He walked up and down the room, like an animal ________ (trap) in a cage.
14. Many people became ________ (terrify) of cholera and began to move out of the village.
15. I will take the vase _______ (break) by my son to that old man to see if he can mend it.
Ⅱ. 用非谓语动词把下面复合句改成简单句。
1. This is the handbook which was introduced by the scientist.
____________________________________________________
2. We have to pay taxes on goods which are imported from abroad.
____________________________________________________
3. It sounded like a train that was going under my house.
____________________________________________________
4. The material, which was discovered by accident, has saved many people’s lives.
____________________________________________________
5. Any article that is left in these buses will be taken to the Lost Office at once.
____________________________________________________
6. Nearly half the 140 articles that were presented were new compositions.
____________________________________________________
7. The young man who is lying under the tree is a teacher in that high school.
____________________________________________________
8. I am filled with desire that I’ll go back home as soon as possible.
____________________________________________________
Ⅲ. 单项选择。
1. There was a terrible noise ____ the sudden burst of light.
A. followed
B. following
C. to be followed
D. being followed
2. The Olympic Games, ____ in 776 B. C., didn’t include women until 1912.
A. first playing
B. to be first played
C. first played
D. to be playing
3. Most of the people ____ to the party were famous scientists.
A. invited
B. to invite
C. being invited
D. inviting
4. As we joined the big crowd I got _________ from my friends.
A. separated
B. spared
C. lost
D. missed
5. Prices of daily goods _________ through the Internet can be lower than store prices.
A. are bought
B. bought
C. been bought
D. buying
6. He looked around and caught a man _______ his hand into the pocket of a
passenger.
A. put
B. to be putting
C. to put
D. putting
7. —How do you deal with the disagreement between the company and the customers?
—The key _____ the problem is to meet the demand _____ by the customers.
A. to solving; making
B. to solving; made
C. to solve; making
D. to solve; made
8. Don’t respond to any e-mails ______ personal information, no matter how official they look.
A. searching
B. asking
C. requesting
D. questioning
9. Cleaning women in this city usually get _____ by the hour.
A. pay
B. paying
C. paid
D. to pay
10. She looked at me with a ____ expression. Maybe the problem was quite ____.
A. puzzled; puzzling
B. puzzling; puzzled
C. puzzled; puzzled
D. puzzling; puzzling
11. What surprised me most was that the shops had remained _______ for two weeks.
A. shutting
B. shut
C. to be shut
D. to shut
12. The next thing he saw was smoke _______ from behind the house.
A. rose
B. rising
C. to rise
D. risen
13. The players ______ from the whole country are expected to bring us honor in this summer game.
A. selecting
B. to select
C. selected
D. having selected
14. Most of us have already known the problems _______ at the meeting which will be held tomorrow afternoon.
A. to discuss
B. being discussed
C. discussed
D. to be discussed
15. While you were not in, a person ______ himself Jack phoned you.
A. called
B. calling
C. to call
D. having called
16. She looks forward every spring to _______ the flower-lined garden.
A. visit
B. paying a visit
C. walk in
D. walking in
17. He sent me an e-mail, ________ to get further information.
A. hoped
B. hoping
C. to hope
D. hope
18. Could you tell me what the _______ boy ________?
A. lost, put on
B. missing, has on
C. missing, is dressed
D. gone, wears
19. The foreign scientist ________ at the meeting will give us a lecture next week.
A. referred to
B. referred
C. referring
D. referring to
20. Sandy, hurry up. I’m afraid you won’t have time to _______before the party.
A. get changed
B. get change
C. get changing
D. get to change
21. Tell Kate that there’s someone _______ for her at the school gate.
A. waiting
B. waited
C. waits
D. to wait
22. It’s dangerous to get close to the building _________.
A. under construction
B. built
C. been built
D. building
23. There have been several new events _______ to the program for the Olympic Games.
A. add
B. to add
C. adding
D. added
24. He always remains _______ until the train has come to a complete stop, gets up quickly and rushes to the door.
A. seated
B. seating
C. to seat
D. seat
25. The most popular food for foreigners _________ on any menu in Beijing is roast duck.
A. include
B. including
C. to include
D. included
答案与解析
Ⅰ. 用动词的正确形式填空：
1. frightening, frightened。第一空表示事物性质是让人害怕的，用-ing形式；
第二空表示女孩的内心感觉，用过去分词。
2. put。put与所修饰词是被动关系，而且已经完成，用过去分词。A theory put forward 被提出的理论。
3. spoken。语言是被说的，所以用过去分词做定语，修饰language。
4. being discussed。根据句子的场景，说话人说“我们必须对这里正讨论的事情保密”，
强调事情“正在被讨论”更符合题意，所以用现在分词的被动形式。
5. dressed。dress是及物动词，表示“给某人/自己穿衣服”，即dress sb./ oneself；要表示“（人）穿
着......”，要用be dressed，此句中去掉be用过去分词作非限制性定语。
6. annoyed。annoy是及物动词，意为“使烦恼”，用过去分词表示“感到烦恼”。
7. standing。stand与所修饰词house是主动关系，即“房子矗立着”，用现在分词作定语。
8. seated。seat是及物动词，要用seat sb./oneself，表示“使某人/自己就坐”，与人之间是被动关系，
所以用 seated作those的定语。
9. smelling。smell是不及物动词，意为“闻起来”，与“花”是主动关系，用现在分词。
10. delighted。delight是及物动词，意思为“使某人高兴”，表示“（人）感到高兴”时用过去分词。
11. reserved。 reserve 意为“保留，预订”，座位是被保留或预订的，所以用过去分词作表语。
12. crowded。crowd作动词时指“（人）挤满”，房间时被人挤满的，所以用crowded 作定语。
a crowded room 意为“拥挤的房间”。
13. trapped。trap意为“使陷入困境、诱捕”，动物是被诱捕的，被使陷入困境的，
所以用过去分词短语作后置定语，此处表示“被困在”。
14. terrified。terrify 意为“使某人恐惧”，用过去分词作表语，表示人内心的感受是“感到恐惧的”。
15. broken。花瓶是被打破的，所以用过去分词作定语。
Ⅱ. 用非谓语动词把下面复合句改成简单句。
1. This is the handbook introduced by the scientist.
2. We have to pay taxes on goods imported from abroad.
3. It sounded like a train going under my house.
4. The material, discovered by accident, has saved many people’s lives.
5. Any article left in these buses will be taken to the Lost Office at once.
6. Nearly half the 140 articles presented were new compositions.
7. The young man lying under the tree is a teacher in that high school.
8. I am filled with desire to go back home as soon as possible.
解析：
（1）3、7小题作定语的动词go和lie与所修饰词是主动关系，而且表示正在进行，所以改成现在分词作定语。
（2）8小题desire（愿望）后面接的是同位语从句，因为表示的是将来的动作，所以用不定式to go作同位语。
（3）其他小题要作定语的动词与所修饰词是被动关系，用过去分词作定语。
Ⅲ. 单项选择。
1. B。首先要注意到句子已经有谓语动词“was”，而follow要作noise的定语；注意follow后有宾语，“noise”和“follow”是主动的，即“声音”跟着“突然的亮光”，排除A、C、D，用现在分词。
2. C。play作及物动词可以接“比赛”作宾语，即play与其修饰词是被动关系，所以用过去分词作定语。
3. A。invite和其修饰词people是被动关系，而且从“most of the people”可知邀请的动作应该将要做或已经完成，选项B不定式需用被动形式，所以用选项A的过去分词作定语；being invited虽然表示被动，但是强调“正在进行”，所以不符题意。
4. A。get separated “走散”，过去分词作表语，注意separate与下文from的搭配。get lost （迷路）不能与 from搭配。
5. B。bought作定语修饰goods，goods（商品）是被买的，所以用过去分词。
6. D。putting作定语，相当于定语从句who was putting his hand …修饰the man。
7. B。the key to ... 中to是介词，后接动词时要用-ing形式；第二空过去分词作定语，相当于the demand which was made by the customers。
8. C。request 意为“要求、请求”，可以接“所要求的事物”作宾语，而e-mails
与request之间是主动关系，用-ing形式作定语。ask表示“要求某物”一般用ask for sth.；
question 审问，询问。
9. C。get paid 得到报酬。句意是：这个城市的清洁工通常按小时付工资。
10. A。puzzle 是及物动词“使某人迷惑”，第一空用过去分词表示内心的感觉所表现出的表情，而第二空表示“问题”的性质是“令人困惑的”，要用现在分词。
11. B。shut原形与过去分词相同，此句中用过去分词作系动词remain的表语，表示状态，因为shut这一动作已经完成而且是被动的。
12. B。考查动词-ing形式作后置定语，动词rise是不及物动词，此处要表示“正升起的烟”，故用动词-ing形式表示正在进行。
13. C。运动员是被选拔的，所以动词select与所修饰词the players是被动关系，用过去分词作定语。句意：大家期待着从全国各地选拔的运动员们会在这次夏季赛中带给我们光荣。
14. D。从下文可知，会议明天下午才举行，所以这些问题是“要讨论的”，而且问题与讨论是被动关系，所以用不定式的被动形式作定语。
15. B。call与所修饰词a person是主动关系，所以用现在分词作定语。注意call后有双宾语，说明a person不是call的宾语，不是被动关系。对比：Do you know the girl called Mary?
16. D。look forward to中to是介词，后面应接名词或动名词。B项如果有to也对。句意：她渴望每一个春天在花木成行的花园里散步。
17. B。hope的动作是句子主语“he”做的，而且是他发邮件的同时伴随的动作，是同时发生的，所以用现在分词作伴随状语。
18. B。表示“失踪的男孩儿”应用a missing/ lost boy；第二空表示要表示男孩失踪时穿着什么衣服，需用“穿着”的状态，可用has on，wears，is dressed in。
19. A。refer to意为“提到”，科学家在会上被人提到，所以用过去分词作定语，注意to不能丢掉，因为referred to所修饰的词是to的宾语。
20. A。get changed 换衣服，changed是过去分词表示完成。
21. A。注意从句中已经有了谓语（there）is，所以动词wait要用非谓语形式作定语修饰someone。某人在等，是主动关系，而且强调正在进行，所以用-ing形式。
22. A。 under construction 表示“正在建设中”。句意：接近正在建造的建筑物是危险的。built是过去分词表示“已经建成”，不合题意。建筑物是被建造的，building
表示主动，错误。如果是being built，可选，但是与building重复，也不够好。
23. D。因句子已经有了谓语动词“have been”，add要作定语，排除A。项目（events）是被加到大会程序中的，所以用added。
24. A。seat作动词时意思是“使某人/自己就坐”，即seat sb. / oneself，所以表示某人坐着通常用“seated”表示。remain seated 保持坐着的状态，是系表结构。句意：他总是一直坐着，直到火车完全停下来才站起来冲向车门。
25. D。注意句子的谓语动词是is。include修饰food，食物和include（包括）是被动关系，所以用过去分词作定语。
过去分词专题练习 I ?分析下列划线部分的用法(过去分词做定语，表语以及被动) 1. The excited childre n are ope ning their Christmas prese nts. 2. This supermarketis now closed 3. The blackboardwas broken by Tom. 4. She had aworried look on her face because she failed the exam. 5. He looked in terested in the idea I put forward. 6. The mach in eproduced last yea(二 which were produced last year) are very expe nsive. n . Fill the form with proper form.适当形式填空 1. The ani mal and pla nts that they found there were _________ (ast oni sh) 2. I was _________ (ast oni sh) to lear n that his long lost child had bee n found. 3. The __________ n ews made us ___________ .(disappoi nt) 4. The __________ mother went to visit Ein stei n. (puzzle) 5. Madame Curie foundhusband' d s ath ___________ .(shock) 6. I saw the boy very ___________ (excite) 7. _______ (en courage), the girl was determ ined to study harder and make greater progress. 8. Be brave. You look like a _________ bird (frighten)(惊弓之鸟) 9. The fierce lion looks _________ (frighte n). Keep away from its cage or it will attack you. 10. The look on her face was very __________ (con fuse). 川.Fill the form with V-ed 1. The book __________________ 一本农民写的书)is very popular. 2. The building ___________ 去年建的楼房)now collapsed in the Wenchuan earthquake. 3. The problem __________________ 在昨天会议上讨论的)was very difficult to solve. 4. The window ________________________ 被那个顽皮男孩打破的)is being repaired 5. The children ______________________ 昨天在医院检查的)were seriously ill. 6. The people ________________ 暴露在阳光下的)got sun bur nt. 7. The boy _________________________ 受至U老师严厉惩罚的)is now a college student. 8. The water _________________________ 送到他家的水)carried disease. 9. The English today is quite different from the English _____________ (300年前所说的). 10. Most of the artists ________________ 被邀请去参加聚会的)were from South Africa. 11. The students _________________ 受到老师鼓舞的)worked harder than ever before. IV .基础单选题 1. Mary is a new nurse and her job is to take care of the _______ s oldiers. A. wound B. woun ded C. wounding D. being woun ded 2. Lily seems very much ________ in the magazine, but I think it 'tc s expensive. A. i nterested B. i nteresti ng C. to in terest D. to be in terest ing 3. All the passe ngers should remain ______ whe n the pla ne is maki ng a landing.
过去分词作表语和定语是非谓语动词重要内容之一，也是高考重要考点，学习时应注意下列几点： 一、理清过去分词作表语和定语的最基本特点 过去分词作表语和定语常常表示被动的和完成的动作。 He used to belong to the exploited class. 过去他属于被剥削阶级。 The polluted river gives off a terrible smell. 这条被污染的河发出臭味。 典型考例： 1. Don't use words, expressions, or phrases ________ only to people with specific knowledge. A. being known B. having been known C. to be known D. known 析：D。此处并不是强调进行的、完成的或将来的动作，因此应填过去分词known 作定语。 2. The first textbooks ________ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century. A. having written B. to be written C. being written D. written 析：D。第一批课本是被写的，所以应填过去分词written作定语，表示完成的、被动的动作。 值得注意的是，有些过去分词(词组)因来自系表结构而不含被动色彩，如dressed like, dressed in, satisfied with, devoted to, tired of, born in, seated, pleased with, interested in, surprised at, prepared for, lost /absorbed in等。例如： Do you know the man seated on that stone? 你认识坐在那块石头上的那个人吗？ Don't you know the girl dressed in a red skirt ? 你不认识穿红裙子的那个女孩吗？ 典型考例：
精心整理高二英语必修三语法知识点：过去分词做定语表语 1.Englishisawidelyusedlanguage. 2.Hethrewawaythebrokencup. anorganizedway =awaythatisorganized affectedarea灾区
=theareawhichisaffected stolenculturerelics =culturerelicsthathadbeenstolen thebookrecommendedbytheteacher 语 2.reservedseats2.seatsthatarereserved 3.pollutedwater3.waterthatispolluted 4.acrowdedroom4.aroomthatiscrowded 5.apleasedwinner5.awinnerthatispleased
6.Astonishedchildren6.childrenwholookastonished 7.abrokenvase7.avasethatisbroken 8.acloseddoor8.adoorthatisclosed 9.thetiredaudience9.theaudiencewhofeeltired 有许 及物动词的过去分词表示结束了的被动动作或者没有一定的时间性,只表示被动关系。 pollutedwater =waterwhichispolluted
reservedseats =theseatswhichwerereserved trappedanimal =theanimalwhichwastrapped Thebooks,writtenbyGuoJingming,areverypopularwithteenagers.这些书是郭敬明写的，深受青少年的喜爱。 Someofthem,bornandbroughtupinruralvillages,hadneverbeentoBe ijing.他们中的一些人，在农村出生并长大，从没过北京.
概念引入 今天我们要学习过去分词作表语和定语的用法。先看下面这些句子： 1. But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera. (inspired过去分词作表语；exposed过去分词作定语) 2. So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak. (terrified过去分词作定语) 3. He became interested in two theories that possibly explained how cholera killed people. (interested 过去分词作表语) 4. From the stomach the disease quickly attacked the body and soon the affected person died. (affected过去分词作定语) 5. He was determined to find out why. （determined过去分词作表语） 6. He found that it came from the river polluted by the dirty water from London. (polluted过去分词作定语) 上面句子中的黑体词都是过去分词，句1（inspired）、句3、句5中的三个词跟在系动词became、was后作表语；而句1（exposed）、句2、句4、句6中的四个词放在名词前或后修饰名词，作定语。那么过去分词是什么？有什么作用？我们将在本单元和下两个单元中与同学们一起学习。 用法讲解 过去分词的作用 英语中动词如果不作谓语时叫非谓语动词。非谓语动词分为：不定式（to do）、动词-ing形式（doing）和过去分词（done）。 动词-ing形式可分为现在分词和动名词：现在分词强调动作，如a sleeping boy中的sleeping强调“睡觉”这一动作，而且此动作正在进行，与所修饰词boy有逻辑上的主谓关系（即sleeping的动作是boy做的），因此是现在分词作定语；而a sleeping bag中的sleeping强调功能，表示“用来睡觉的”，是动名词作定语。 过去分词多表示动作的被动和完成，但要注意不及物动词的过去分词常表示“完成”的动作，而不表示“被 动”意义。 本单元主要学习过去分词作表语和定语。 1. 与助动词一起构成谓语：
过去分词作定语表语练习题(含答案)
过去分词专题练习 Ⅰ.分析下列划线部分的用法（过去分词做定语，表语以及被动） 1. The excited children are opening their Christmas presents. 2. This supermarket is now closed. 3. The blackboard was broken by Tom. 4. She had a worried look on her face because she failed the exam. 5. He looked interested in the idea I put forward. 6. The machine produced last year(= which were produced last year) are very expensive. Ⅱ. Fill the form with proper form.适当形式填空 1. The animal and plants that they found there were ___________ (astonish) 2. I was___________(astonish) to learn that his long lost child had been found. 3. The ___________ news made us ___________.(disappoint) 4. The ___________ mother went to visit Einstein. (puzzle) 5. Madame Curie found husband’s death ___________ .(shock) 6. I saw the boy very ___________ (excite) 7. _________(encourage), the girl was determined to study harder and make greater pro gress. 8. Be brave. You look like a___________ bird (frighten)（惊弓之鸟） 9. The fierce lion looks __________(frighten). Keep away from its cage or it will attack y ou. 10. The look on her face was very ___________ (confuse) . Ⅲ. Fill the form with V-ed 1. The book ___________________ (一本农民写的书) is very popular. 2. The building _____________(去年建的楼 房) now collapsed in the Wenchuan earthquake. 3. The problem ____________________(在昨天会议上讨论 的) was very difficult to solve. 4. The window _________________________(被那个顽皮男孩打破的) is being repaired 5. The children ________________________(昨天在医院检查的) were seriously ill. 6. The people _________________(暴露在阳光下的) got sunburnt. 7. The boy __________________________(受到老师严厉惩罚 的) is now a college student. 8. The water ___________________________(送到他家的水) carried disease. 9. The English today is quite different from the English ______________(300年前所说的). 10. Most of the artists_________________ (被邀请去参加聚会 的) were from South Africa. 11. The students ___________________(受到老师鼓舞 的)worked harder than ever before.
过去分词专题练习 Ⅰ.分析下列划线部分的用法（过去分词做定语，表语以及被动） 1. The excited children are opening their Christmas presents. 2. This supermarket is now closed. 3. The blackboard was broken by Tom. 4. She had a worried look on her face because she failed the exam. 5. He looked interested in the idea I put forward. 6. The machine produced last year(= which were produced last year) are very expensive. Ⅱ. Fill the form with proper form.适当形式填空 1. The animal and plants that they found there were ___________ (astonish) 2. I was___________(astonish) to learn that his long lost child had been found. 3. The ___________ news made us ___________.(disappoint) 4. The ___________ mother went to visit Einstein. (puzzle) 5. Madame Curie found husband’s death ___________ .(shock) 6. I saw the boy very ___________ (excite) 7. _________(encourage), the girl was determined to study harder and make greater progress. 8. Be brave. You look like a___________ bird (frighten)（惊弓之鸟） 9. The fierce lion looks __________(frighten). Keep away from its cage or it will attack you. 10. The look on her face was very ___________ (confuse) . Ⅲ. Fill the form with V-ed 1. The book ___________________ (一本农民写的书) is very popular. 2. The building _____________(去年建的楼房) now collapsed in the Wenchuan earthquake. 3. The problem ____________________(在昨天会议上讨论的) was very difficult to solve. 4. The window _________________________(被那个顽皮男孩打破的) is being repaired 5. The children ________________________(昨天在医院检查的) were seriously ill. 6. The people _________________(暴露在阳光下的) got sunburnt. 7. The boy __________________________(受到老师严厉惩罚的) is now a college student. 8. The water ___________________________(送到他家的水) carried disease. 9. The English today is quite different from the English ______________(300年前所说的). 10. Most of the artists_________________ (被邀请去参加聚会的) were from South Africa. 11. The students ___________________(受到老师鼓舞的)worked harder than ever before. Ⅳ. 基础单选题 1. Mary is a new nurse and her job is to take care of the _______soldiers. A. wound B. wounded C. wounding D. being wounded 2. Lily seems very much___________ in the magazine, but I think it’s too expensive. A. interested B. interesting C. to interest D. to be interesting 3. All the passengers should remain___________ when the plane is making a landing. A. seat B. seating C. to be seating D. seated 4. After her journey from Australia, Sophie Armstrong returned home, ___________ A. being exhausted B. exhausting C. exhausted D. having exhausted
M5 u1 Grammar Past Participle (1) as the Attribute and Predicative Learning aims: Understand the usages of Past Participle (1) as the Attribute and Predicative Important point: using Past Participle (1) as the Attribute and Predicative Learning guidance: 阅读课本第5 页内容，自学《南方新课堂》，完成预习案 ［知识梳理］过去分词作定语和表语 1.过去分词概述：动词的过去分词也称为动词的ed形式，是非谓语动词形式之一。过去分词只强调被动 和完成的意义。
【合作探究】专题训练 Ⅰ.用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空 1．The ____________ (steal)bike was ____________(find) by the police yesterday. 2．The student ____________(dress) in white is my daughter. 3．The novel ____________(write) by him is very popular with the students. 4．The electric wire is __________(break)． 5．He became ____________(discourage) at the failure of the exam. 6．He is an ____________ (honour) teacher and we all like to attend his class. 7．The ______________(pollute) river should be protected from pollution. 8．The building ____________(build) now is our classroom building. 9．When we heard of the news，we were deeply ____________(move)． 10．They were ____________(frighten) to hear the ____________(frighten) sound. Ⅱ.补全句子 1．一座桥把这个岛屿与大陆连接起来,这个岛屿很容易过去。 The island,________________________________________________________________, is easy to go to. 2．从烹饪锅中救出的珍稀鱼已经被放回到了海里。 The rare fish，___________________________________________，has been returned to the sea. 3．于1911年创立的清华大学培育出了很多杰出而优秀的人物。 Tsinghua University,_______________________________________________,is home to a great number of outstanding figures. 4．预计从全国挑选出来的队员在今年夏天的比赛中会给我们带来荣誉。 The players_____________________________________________________ are expected to bring us honor in this summer game. 5．在四月份，成千上万的度假者因为火山灰云而滞留在国外。 In April，thousands of holidaymakers remained ___________________________________ due to the volcanic ash cloud. 6．怀特太太给她的学生们看一些从图书馆里借来的旧地图。 Mrs.White showed her students some old maps ______________________________________. 7．我打电话的目的是询问一下刊登在昨日的《中国日报》上的职位的问题。
过去分词作定语，表语专题练习 Ⅰ.分析下列划线部分在句中做什么成分（过去分词做定语，表语还是表示被动？） 1.The excited children are opening their Christmas presents. 2.This supermarket is now closed. 3.The blackboard was broken by Tom. 4.She had a worried look on her face because she failed the exam. 5.He looked interested in the idea I put forward. 6.The machine produced last year(= which were produced last year) are very expensive. Ⅱ. Fill the form with proper form.适当形式填空 1.The animal and plants that they found there were (astonish) 2.I was (astonish) to learn that his long lost child had been found. 3.The news made us .(disappoint) 4.The mother went to visit Einstein. (puzzle) 5.Madame Curie found husband’s death .(shock) 6.I saw the boy very (excite) 7.(encourage), the girl was determined to study harder and make greater progress. 8.Be brave. You look like a bird (frighten)（惊弓之鸟） 9.The fierce lion looks (frighten). Keep away from its cage or it will attack you. 10.The look on her face was very (confuse) . Ⅲ. Fill the form with V-ed 1.The book (一本农民写的书) is very popular. 2.The building (去年建的楼房) now collapsed in the Wenchuan earthquake. 3.The problem (在昨天会议上讨论的) was very difficult to solve. 4.The window (被那个顽皮男孩打破的) is being repaired 5.The children (昨天在医院检查的) were seriously ill. 6.The people (暴露在阳光下的) got sunburnt. 7.The boy (受到老师严厉惩罚的) is now a college student. 8.The water (送到他家的水) carried disease. 9.The English today is quite different from the English (300 年前所说的). 10.Most of the artists (被邀请去参加聚会的) were from South Africa. 11.The students (受到老师鼓舞的)worked harder than ever before. Ⅳ. 基础单选题 1.Mary is a new nurse and her job is to take care of the soldiers. A.wound B. wounded C. wounding D. being wounded 2.Lily seems very much in the magazine, but I think it’s too expensive. A.interested B. interesting C. to interest D. to be interesting 3.All the passengers should remain when the plane is making a landing. A.seat B. seating C. to be seating D. seated 4.After her journey from Australia, Sophie Armstrong returned home, A.being exhausted B. exhausting C. exhausted D. having exhausted 5. their new album on time, the two famous singers worked far into the night every day. A. Release B. Released C. To release D. Having released 6.The meeting next Thursday mainly aims to deal with the problems related to teena
过去分词作定语、表语和宾补精练 I. 单项选择： 1. I don't know the girl ________ in the destroyed building because of the earthquake. A. to catch B. caught C. catching D. to be catching 2. The foreign guests, ________ by some artists, came out of the hall. A. following B. to follow C. followed D. to be followed 3. When I went in, they were ________ in a heated discussion. A. absorb B. absorbed C. absorbing D. being absorbed 4. The young teacher is very popular among his students as he always tries to make them ______ in his lectures. A. interested B. interesting C. interest D. to interest 5. The girl ________ down by a car was dying. A. knock B. knocking C. knocked D. to knock II.用适当的非谓语动词形式填空。 1.He worked so hard that he got his pay . (raise) 2. When I got home , the door remained _______(lock). 3. The lecture______(give) by Professor Zhang is about environment protection 4.People in the south have their houses (make ) of bamboo. 5. Only in this way can you make yourself _________(understand). III. 用括号里的动词的正确形式完成下面这篇文章。 It was an important day for Rita Van. Two guests were coming for dinner. All week, she got everything 1 (prepare) for the dinner. She thought' about roast beef and red wine 2 (serve) in the beginning, but she finally decided to serve duck and white wine. She had her apartment 3 (clean) for the great dinner. She was a very neat person and always made everything 4 (see) in certain place. She put some interesting books and magazines on the coffee table, Then she looked to see if all of her records 5 (buy) were in order so that the guests could easily choose the music 6 (love) by them. On the day of the dinner, she finished the shopping and bought some flowers. She was 7 (dress) in her nicest skirt and sweater. Then she set the table and arranged the flowers. She enjoyed preparing the dinner. Everything looked so good. She was 8 (excite). It was exactly eight o'clock, and it almost time to have the duck 9 (take) out of the oven （烤炉）. Suddenly the telephone rang. She picked it up. At first, she didn't understand the words said over the line. Where were they? Oh, they couldn't come. She couldn't believe it. Then she sat for a long time, looking down at the table and all the dishes 10 (put) on it. 1. I fell down and broke three of my teeth. I wonder how many times I have to come here and get my false teeth _______. A. fix B. fixing C. fixed D. to fix 2. He looked around and caught a man ______ his hand into the pocket of a passenger. A. put B. to be putting C. to put D. putting 3. The visit _____ to Guilin is worth remembering for ever. A. paid B. paying C. to pay D. being paid
过去分词作定语用法 （Past Participles Used as Attributes） 过去分词作定语，在语态上，表被动；在时间上，表示动作已经发生或完成，与它所修饰的名词有逻辑（意义）上的动宾关系。过去分词作定语时，所修饰的名词在逻辑上相当于被动句中 的主语，过去分词相当于谓语。 过去分词作定语表示动作在谓语动作之前发生，已经完成并具有被动意义。有时也不表示时间性。作定语的过去分词一般由及物动词变来，因为只有及物动词才有被动意义。例如：He is a teacher loved by his students. 他是个很受学生爱戴的老师。 也有用不及物动词的过去分词作定语的情况，一般作前置定语，它不表示被动意义，只表示主动意义，强调动作完成。不能像及物动词的过去分词那样放在名词后面作定语。例如： fallen leaves 落叶 retired workers 退休工人 the risen sun 升起的太阳 注意下面过去分词作定语的几种情况： 1. 单个的过去分词作定语一般放在被修饰的名词之前。例如： We needed much more qualified workers. 我们需要更多的合格的工人。 My friend is a returned student. 我的朋友是个归国的留学生。 单个分词也可以作后置定语，用以强调动作。例如： They decided to change the material used. 他们决定更换使用的材料。 2. 过去分词短语作定语要放在被修饰的名词后面，作后置定语，其作用相当于一个定语从句。
例如： The student dressed in white is my daughter. =The student who is dressed in white is my daughter.)穿白色衣服的学生是我的女儿。 3. 如果被修饰的词是由every/some/any/no + thing/body/one所构成的复合代词或指示 代词those等时，即使一个单一的分词作形容词用，也要放在被修饰词的后面。例如：Is there anything unsolved? 还有没解决的问题吗？ There is noting changed here since I left this town.自从我离开这个城镇以来，几乎没 有什么变化。 4. 单个过去分词前加一名词或副词，常用连字符将它们连接起来构成一个复合形容词，放在其修饰的名词前，作前置定语。分词前加的名词表示分词的动作或行为主体，所加的副词表示方 式、时间、程度、性质等意义。例如： This is a state-owned factory. 这是一家国营工厂。 This is our school-run factory. 这是我们的校办工厂。 5. 作前置定语的某些动词的过去分词的形式与作谓语或表语的过去分词的形式往往不一样。例 如： 原形用作定语的过去分词用作表语或谓语的过去分词 drink drunken drunk light lighted light/ lit melt melted melted sink sunken sunk
高三英语：过去分词做定语,表语的用法 发布人：圣才学习网发布日期：2010-08-16 08:29 共475人浏览[大] [中] [小] 过去分词做定语,表语的用法 1. 过去分词作定语 过去分词作定语需要注意如下几个方面的问题: (1)过去分词作定语时,所表示的时间概念: 1)多表示已完成的动作.例如: A .The broken glasses are mine. B. The book written in English is about “The differences between American English and British English”. 2)表示分词的动作发生在谓语动词的动作之前.例如: A. A letter posted yesterday will probably reach her next week. B. He wants to buy a used car. 3) 没有一定的时间性.例如: A. I don’t like to see letters written in pencil. B. His spoken English is excellent. (2)过去分词作定语在句中的位置: 1) 单个的过去分词作定语一般位于所修饰的名词之前.例如: spoken English _________________ 一只受过训练的狗 ____________________ 一条结了冰的河流_____________________ 注意不及物动词的过去分词一般不能作前置定语,能作前置的仅限于escaped, faded, fallen, risen, grown等.例如: the risen sun ______________________ 落叶 _______________________ 2) 过去分词与副词,名词,形容词构成复合形容词作定语时,位于被修饰的名词之前. 例如: a newly—built road __________________ a man—made satellite _________________ 一个高度发达的国家 ________________________ 3) 过去分词短语作定语,通常放在被修饰的名词之后.例如: A. There is anything arranged for the vacation ? B. There are many person killed in that accident . 注意:某些单个的过去分词作定语也必须作后置定语. 例如: There is no time left . A. 某些动词的过去分词作定语时,既可作前置定语,又可作后置定语,但含义不同. 例如: A. The method used is very efficient . B. This is a used book . C. The book given to him is an English novel . D. We will be meeting at a given time and place . (3) 某些动词的过去分词作定语时, 多半用来修饰人. 这类过去分词多是表示人物的心理特征或情感变化的动词. 如:delighted , devoted , discouraged , amused , astonished , frightened , moved , inspired , encouraged , puzzled , tired , worried , excited . For example : A. The tired boy fell into asleep very soon . B. The puzzled mother come to her daughter’s teacher for help . C. The frightened baby kept crying . 2. 过去分词作表语