语法专题(冠词)
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语法专题冠词冠词包括不定冠词a/an,定冠词the和不用冠词的情况(也可称为零冠词)。
a/an的基本含义为“一个”,表泛指,the的基本含义是“这个、那个”,表特指。
通常第一次出现的可数名词前用a/an 修饰,重复出现时用the修饰。
冠词离不开名词,掌握冠词首先要弄清名词的性质,即可数还是不可数。
如果一个单数可数名词前没有限定词修饰,则前面一定要用冠词。
考点一、考查不定冠词a / an表示个别或泛指的用法。
不定冠词有a和an 两种形式。
a用在以辅音音素开头的名词前,an用在以元音音素开头的词前。
(__ university, _____ useful animal,____one-eyed dog,____ European car,_____ hour,_____ honest by,_____ X-ray,____ ugly man,____ honor)1.泛指某人/物。
这个用法是不定冠词考查的重点。
1.Donald Trump,______ 71 -year-old businessman, was chosen President of the US last year.2. I went to a supermarket to buy _______ birthday gift for my aunt yesterday.3. I want to be______ engineer when I grow up.4. Mary is ______ eight-year-old girl with long curly hair.2. 指同类人或物中的任何一个,相当于any。
1. Even _______ child can answer this question.2. ______ teacher is supposed to love his students.3. It is generally accepted that ____ boy must learn to stand up and fight like ______ man.3. 表示“每一”,相当于every/per。
专题01冠词易错点解题方法英语中冠词有3个,即a, an; the.前两个是不定冠词,后一个是定冠词,冠词虽小,但用法灵活多变,但万变不离其中,只要是单数可数名词第一次出现,其前就加a/an,名词第一个音标是辅音就用a,第一个音标是元音就用an;同一个名词再次出现或要特指其前就用the。
如:He is a boy of eighteen and he has an English girlfriend. The girlfriend comes from Britain. She likes the boy,s family very much.实际上,语言是活的,日常应用中变化多端,现就用高考常出现的一些陷阱例句来展示其用法:1.“Do you know English fOr ‘ 帅哥'?" 'Tm afraid I don,t. I'm not interested inEnglish language.”A. the, theB. the,不填C.不填,theD.不填,不填【答案】A【解析】容易误选D,因为表示语言的名词前通常不用冠词。
在英语中,表示语言的名词前通常不用冠词,但在某些特殊情况下可用冠词。
如:(1)当语言名词表特指意义,简单说当有修饰语加以修饰限定时,其前要用定冠词。
如:The English spoken in America and Canada is a little different from that spoken in England, 美国和加拿大讲的英语与英国讲的英语有点不同。
(2)当语言名词表示某一语言中的对应词时,其前要用定冠词。
What,s the English fo r this?这个东西用英语怎么说?(3)当在语言名词后加上language 一词时,也要用冠词。
如:There have been many changes in the history of the English language.英语发展过程中有很多变革。
冠词的语法知识点1. 特指是“the”,它属于定冠词,泛指是“a/an ”,“a" 用于辅音字母前,“an"用于元音字母前,它们属于不定冠词2. 专有名词(国名、组织机构、地理名词、建筑物、报纸)用定冠词"the",特殊专有名词(人名、地名、日期)不加定冠词"the"eg: The Ocean (海洋), Tuesday(星期二), The Museum(博物馆)3. 抽象名词和物质名词一般不加冠词,但具体化“形容词+名词”或表达“每一个”的意思,需要加a/an,特指前面说的那个或第二次强调作用可加“the”eg: A beautiful book(一本漂亮的书本), A blue pen(一支蓝色笔), an apple (一个苹果)Failure is the mother of success. (失败乃是成功之母)I have a dog and a cat.The dog is brown and the cat is yellow.(我有一支狗和一只猫,这只狗是棕色的,这只猫是黄色的)4. 固定词组必须有冠词a/an/theeg: by the way (顺便说),wait a moment( 稍等)5. 不加冠词的情况:(1)表示季节、月份、星期、三餐时候;eg: on Tuesday(星期二), have lunch(吃午饭)(2)球类名称和游戏eg: play football (打足球),play game (玩游戏)(3)用于某些表示学习、生活、娱乐等的单数名词前,表示相关的活动eg: go to bed (去睡觉),go to school (去上学)(4)用于介词by 构成的短语中eg: by bus(公交),by bike (自行车)(5)地点、人名eg:in London(在伦敦),Tony (托尼)(6)两个名词表示相对关系eg:father and son(父亲和儿子), husband and wife(丈夫和妻子)(7)学科、语言eg : We have Chinese, maths, English and some other subjects. 我们有语文、数学、英语以及其他学科。
英语冠词专项练习题(一)1. —Does Jim have _______ ruler?—Yes,he has _______ .A. an;someB. a;oneC. a;/D. any;one2. _______ apple a day keeps the doctors away.A. TheB. AC. AnD. Two3. —How many books do you have?—I have _______ book. That’s _______ English book.A. a;anB. a;oneC. one;anD. one;one4. At that time Tom was _______one-year-old baby.A. aB. anC. theD./5. _______ tiger is _______China.A. The;aB. A;theC. The;fromD. The;the6. We can’t see _______ sun at _______ night.A. the;theB. the;/C. a;/D./;/7. One afternoon he found_______ handbag. There was _______ “s”on the corner of_______ handbag.A. a;an;theB. a;a;theC. an;an;anD. the;a;a8. _______ old lady with white hair spoke_______ English well at _______meeting.A. An;an;aB. The;/;anC. The;/;aD. The;/;the9. _______ Great Wall is _______ longest wall in the world.A. A;aB. The;theC. A;theD. The;a10. _______ new bridge has been built over _______ Huangpu River.A. The;aB. A;/C. A;theD. An;the11. _______ woman over there is _______ popular teacher in our school.A. A;anB. The;aC. The;theD. A;the12. He used to be _______ teacher but later he turned _______ writer.A. a;aB. a;theC./;aD. a;/13. Does Tom often play _______football after _______ school?A. /;/B. /;theC. the;/D. a;/14. They passed our school_______ day before yesterday.A. anB. oneC. aD. the15. She has _______ orange skirt. _______ skirt is nice.A. a;TheB. an;TheC. an;AD. the;The16. This is _______ apple. It’s _______ big apple.A. an;aB. a;theC. a;anD. an;the17. Shanghai is in _______ east of China.A. /B. anC. aD. the18. I’ve been a student there for nearly two and _______ half years.A. aB. anC. theD. /19. The museum is quite far. It will take you half _______ hour to get there by _______ bus.A. an;/B. an;aC. a;/D./;/英语冠词专项练习题(一)答案及详解1. —Does Jim have _______ ruler?—Yes,he has _______ .A. an;someB. a;oneC. a;/D. any;one答案: B 第一空是泛指;第二空的one是不定代词,用以替代前面的ruler。
专题一语法知识语法知语法知识识第①讲冠词要点归纳思维导图冠词考向及母题典例考向1 不定冠词用法速记口诀:名词头秃,出门戴冠;名词单数,辅a元a n。
注释:冠词使用在名词前,可数名词单数前使用不定冠词,以辅音开头的词前用a,元音开头的词前用an 可数名词单数:以辅音音素开头的单词或字母前用a: a door ;a cat ;a"k".以元音音素开头的单词或字母前用an: an egg;an apple ;an"o"...(2021·内蒙古呼和浩特·统考中考真题)We often have three meals_______day. And we usually(2021·湖北恩施·统考中考真题)My aunt has only one child, and she wants ______ child.A.the second B.a second C.two【答案】B【详解】句意:我姑姑只有一个孩子,她想要第二个孩子。
考查序数词用法。
根据“My aunt has only one child, and she wants…child.”可知,此处表示“再一,又一”,用“不定冠词+序数词”表示,故选B。
考向2 定冠词(2023·吉林·统考中考真题)Jenny ordered a hamburger and ________ hamburger was nice.A.a B.an C.the(2023·湖南岳阳·统考中考真题)Hangzhou will hold ________ 19th Asian Games in 2023.A.a B.an C.the(2023·黑龙江绥化·统考中考真题)Bob is my brother. He likes playing ________ basketball, but he doesn’t like playing ________ piano.A.the; a B./; the C.an; the【答案】B【详解】句意:鲍勃是我的兄弟。
Nicky & Helen冠词(Article)一.使用定冠词与不使用定冠词的场合1.使用定冠词的场合1)用在表示独一无二的或被认为是唯一东西的名词前例:the universe ; the equator; the sky; the world但是,这类某些名词若因阴晴雨雪等而表现出不同的状貌,亦可用不定冠词:例:a blue /cloudless sky; a new/full moon2)用在表示特指的人或物的名词前例:It rained heavily during the night.3)用在第二次提到的人或物的名词前(代指)例:We entered her house and the house was big.4)用在形容词、副词最高级或序数词前(the first)注:only, main, sole, same 修饰名词时,前面也用定冠词例:That’s the main thing. / He’s the sole winner.This is the only path through the forest.5)用在单数名词前表示属类。
例: The whale is in danger of becoming extinct.6)用在复数名词前表示某类人的总称或集体中的任何一个或多于一个。
例:Once in a while they go to the shops. (指一个商店或多个商店) 7)用在形容词、动名词、过去分词前表示同一类人或物或某种抽象概念。
The rich (富人);the right and wrong(对与错);the assured(被保险人) 8)用在表示海洋、河流、山脉、群岛、某些国名、某些组织机构、报纸、书籍、会议、条约、信仰等名词前。
例:the Atlantic大西洋the Thames 泰晤士河the Alps 阿尔卑斯山the Treaty of Nanjing 《南京条约》但有的名词前不加冠词:Life 《生活周刊》Time 《时代周刊》News week《新闻周刊》Congress 国会Parliament 议会9)用在姓氏的复数前表示“一家人”。
高考英语语法专项讲解-冠词考点清单一不定冠词的用法一、不定冠词a,an的用法1.不定冠词a(n)表示“某一个”,相当于some,译为“一个”。
-Could you tell me the way to the Johnsons,please?-请告诉我去约翰逊家怎么走?-Sorry,we don’t have a Johnsons here in he village.对不起,我们这个村庄里没有一个叫约翰逊的人,2.不定冠词a(n)用于抽象名词前,意为“一种...的人或事”。
He suddenly appeared on a rainy night which was a great suprise to us.他在一个雨夜突然出现,使我们非常吃惊。
3.不定冠词a(n)用于有形容词修饰的不可数名词前。
a strong wind一场大风The walk is expected to last all day,so bring a packed lunch.这段路程预计要走一整天,所以带一份盒装午饭。
4.不定冠词a(n)用于有形容词修饰的季节、日期前。
We had a very cold winter last year. 去年我们度过了一个寒冷的冬天。
5."a/an+序数词“不表示排序,表示“又一、再”。
→"the+ 序数词”表示排序!In order to find a better job,he decided to study a second foreign language.为了找到一份更好的工,他决定再学习一门外语。
6.不定冠词a(n)用于形容词最高级前无比较含义,表示程度,意为“很,非常”。
He is a most wise man.他是一个非常英明的人。
7.用于固定搭配中,如:as a matter of fact,in a hurry,in a word, have a( n)... knowledgeof, have a/an. .. understanding of,a waste of,a variety of,quite a few,in a way,all of a sudden,live a(n) +adj. +life等。
初中英语语法大全冠词初中英语语法大全:冠词在英语语法中,冠词是不可或缺的一部分。
它们被用来限定名词,帮助确定名词的含义和范围。
冠词主要分为三种:定冠词"the",不定冠词"a"或"an",以及零冠词(即不用冠词的情况)。
一、定冠词"the"定冠词"the"用于特指,它引导的名词或短语通常表示特定的人、物或概念。
例如:1、The car is parked outside the house.(这辆车停在房子外面。
)2、The book on the table is mine.(桌子上的那本书是我的。
)3、The United States is a country in North America.(美国是北美洲的一个国家。
)二、"a"和"an"不定冠词"a"和"an"用于泛指,它们引导的名词或短语通常表示不确定的人、物或概念。
具体使用哪个不定冠词取决于单词的首字母发音。
例如:1、A car is a vehicle that can be driven on the road.(汽车是一种可以在路上行驶的交通工具。
)2、An apple is a fruit that is round and red.(苹果是一种圆形红色的水果。
)三、零冠词零冠词表示没有使用冠词,这种情况下,名词或短语通常也能被理解。
例如:1、My house is big.(我的房子很大。
)2、I like to read books.(我喜欢读书。
)四、冠词的使用规则在英语中,冠词的使用有一些基本的规则。
一般来说,如果名词是特定的,或者是世界上独一无二的物体(比如太阳、月亮等),那么就需要使用定冠词"the"。
如果名词是泛指的,或者是种类中的一个(比如苹果、汽车等),那么就需要使用不定冠词"a"或"an"。
冠词语法讲解冠词是置于名词前,帮助说明名词所指的人或事物是泛指还是特指的一种虚词。
冠词不能离开名词而单独存在。
冠词分为不定冠词和定冠词。
the 是定冠词,a 和 an 是不定冠词。
定冠词定冠词 the 用以特指人或事物,表示名词所指的人或事物是同类中的特定的一个,以区别于同类中其他的人或事物,相当于“那个”或“这个”意思。
它可以和单数可数名词、复数可数名词或不可数名词连用。
1.基本用法:The 通常有明确的所指,可以用在上文提到过的人或事物,例如: I have a bird.The bird is white.还可以用在谈话双方都知道的人或者事物前面,可以和单词可数名词,复数可数名词或不可数名词放在一起使用。
例如: What do you think of the movie ?Where are the keys ? The milk is on the table.2.拓展用法用法1 )用在单词可数名词前面,表示某一类人或事物,这和不定冠词的用法相似2)用在世界上独一无二的事物或方位等名词前面3 )用在乐器前面4)表示两者中“较……的一个”5 )用在序数词、形容词最高级及only 所修饰的名词前面实例The steel workers make steel. The horse is a useful animal. Which is bigger,the earth or the moon?I live to the west of the Summer Palace.He can play the piano.He is the taller of the two boys. January is the first month of the year.Winter is the coldest season of the year.He is the only person who won必备词组( 1)与时间相关的短语 all the time 一直in the day 在白天 in the past 在过去 the next day 第二天 at the same time 同时 in the morning 在上午 the day before yesterday 前天in the 1990’s /1990s 在 20 世纪 90 年代 (2)与地点相关的短语at the foot of 在……的脚下in the front of 在……的前边 on the way to 在去 …… 的路上 in/on/to the east of 在…… 的东部 on the right / left 在右边/左边 in the sky 在空中7)用在由普通名词和另外一些词构成 的专有名词前面8 )表示“一家人”或“夫妇二人” 9)用在形容词或分词前表示一类人或 事物10 )用在固定结构“动词+ sb. +介词 the +某一部位”the Beijing Railway Station the People’s Republic of China the United states The Browns are kind to us. the rich , the poor ,the old ,the young, the disabled, the woundedMy teacher often pats me on the shoulder and encourages me to work hard.in the world 在世界上in/on the street 在街道上at the back of 在……的后边in the middle of在……的中间( 3 )其他固定短语make the bed 铺床on the whole 总之all the time 完全一样by the way 顺便问一下with the help of 在……的帮助下go to the cinema 去看电影不定冠词不定冠词有a 和 an 两种形式,用于单数名词前,表示微弱的“一”的概念,用来泛指事物,但并不强调数目。
冠词语法总结以下是 7 条关于冠词语法总结的内容:1. 不定冠词“a/an”的用法可多啦!比如说,“A dog is playing in the yard.”(一只狗在院子里玩。
)这里用“a”就是表示泛指的一只狗。
哎呀,咱平时说话不也经常这样嘛,说看见一只啥啥啥的,就是这种感觉呀!2. 定冠词“the”可是有特指的作用哦!就像“He is eating the apple I gave him.”(他在吃我给他的那个苹果。
)这“the”就明确指的是我给他的那个苹果呀,不是其他的苹果呢,这多好理解呀!3. 哎呀呀,有时候不用冠词也有说法呢!像“In summer, we like to go swimming.”(在夏天,我们喜欢去游泳。
)这里就不用冠词来特指啥夏天呀,就是泛指夏天这个季节,很自然对不对?4. 大家想想,“The sun rises in the east.”(太阳从东方升起。
)这里就得用“the”来特指太阳呀,这独一无二的东西就得这样用,是不是很有趣呀?5. “I want to buy a book.”(我想买一本书。
)这里的“a”就是不明确是哪一本,就是有这么个想买书的想法。
这就像你想去超市买个零食,但还不确定具体买啥,就是这种感觉呀!6. “The students in our class are very friendly.”(我们班的学生非常友好。
)这里用“the”就明确是我们班的那些学生啦,不是别的班的呢,这用法多实用呀!7. 有时候用不用冠词,意思差别可大了呢!“Go to school”(去上学)和“Go to the school”(去那所学校),这俩能一样吗?一个是说去上学这个行为,一个是去特定的那所学校呢!大家一定要搞清楚呀!总之,冠词的用法虽然多,但只要咱多留意多练习,肯定能掌握得牢牢的!。
冠词语法知识点总结冠词的基本用法包括限定名词、表示特指和泛指,以及表示数量或类别。
下面我们将详细介绍冠词的用法和规则。
一、不定冠词(a/an)的用法1. 不定冠词用来表示泛指,即没有特定的名词。
例如:- I saw a dog in the park yesterday.(我昨天在公园里看到一只狗。
)- She bought an umbrella because it was raining.(因为下雨,她买了一把伞。
)2. 不定冠词用在单数可数名词前面,而不用在复数名词和不可数名词前面。
例如:- I need a book to read.(我需要一本书来读。
)- She has a lot of friends.(她有很多朋友。
)3. 不定冠词的形式根据名词的发音来决定。
当名词以辅音音素开头时使用“a”,以元音音素开头时使用“an”。
例如:- a book(一本书)- an apple(一个苹果)4. 不定冠词可以用在表示职业、宗教、国籍、语言、颜色等名词前面。
例如:- She is a doctor.(她是一名医生。
)- He is an American.(他是美国人。
)- She speaks a little French.(她会说一点法语。
)5. 不定冠词可以用来表示数量为“一个”。
例如:- She bought a dozen eggs.(她买了一打鸡蛋。
)二、定冠词(the)的用法1. 定冠词用来表示特指,即特定的名词或已知的名词。
例如:- The dog in the park is mine.(公园里那只狗是我的。
)- Have you seen the movie I recommended?(你看过我推荐的那部电影吗?)2. 定冠词可以用在单数名词和复数名词前面,也可以用在不可数名词前面。
例如:- The book on the table is mine.(桌子上的那本书是我的。
小学英语语法专题训练:冠词一、单选题(共42题;共84分)1.I have English book and maths book.A. a, anB. an, aC. a, a2.There is ____ animal school in the forest.A. aB. anC. the3.—What _________your mother do?—She is__________ English teacher.A. does; aB. do; aC. does; an4.My mother works in ________ university.A. aB. anC. /5.I received (收到) ________ email from my pen pal.A. aB. anC. the6.—What are you doing?—I'm writing _______email.A. aB. anC. the7.What _______interesting picture!A. aB. /C. an8.What ________beautiful clothes!A. aB. anC. theD. /9.There aren't birds in the tree.A. someB. aC. any10.There is old sofa on the bedroom.A. aB. anC. /11.Hi, I'm ________ Mike.A. aB. /C. the12.This is________ ice cream.A. aB. anC. I13.This is_______ orange pie. It's________ orange.A. an, anB. an, /C. /, an14.That's __________ football. I like playing __________ football very much.A. a; theB. an; /C. the; theD. a; /15.The girl __________ orange is eating __________ orange.A. in; aB. in; anC. on; aD. on; an16.—Is there ______ art room in your school?—Yes, there is.A. aB. anC. any17.That's a ________.A. capB. eggC. ice cream18.—What's that?—It's an________ jacket.A. orangeB. blackC. yellow19.—What's this?—It's an ________car.A. orangeB. blueC. white20.This is________ egg.A. aB. anC. /21.There are chickens in the photo.A. aB. oneC. three22.She is the .A. winnerB. winC. wining23.There is ________ underground station near my home.A. /B. aC. an24.English is ________useful subject.A. /B. anC. a25.At 4, I play __________ football.A. /B. theC. a26.My mother is ___________ English teacher.A. aB. anC. the27.He is writing _____________ e-mail to his grandpa.A. aB. anC. the28.Can I also _____________ her pen pal?A. anB. aC. be29.We have _____________ art lesson in the morning.A. aB. anC. the30.I have ______________ English class at 10 o'clock.A. aB. anC. the31.He is a football _____________.A. playB. playerC. playing32.Is he _____________ old man?A. aB. anC. /33.I have _____________ English friend.A. aB. anC. /34.I have ____________ eraser.A. aB. anC. the35.I have ____________ pencil.A. aB. anC. the36.— How many pandas are there?— There are pandas.A. oneB. threeC. a37.It's _____ dog.A. aB. anC. red38.I can't carry all _______________ things.A. thisB. theseC. thatD. a39.She had ______________ illness at nineteen months old.A. aB. /C. anD. first40.This is my father, is driver.A. she; aB. he; aC. he; an41.— What's that?— It's schoolbag.A. aB. theC. an42.It is yellow dog.A. aB. anC. /二、选词填空(词汇运用)(共6题;共11分)43.There is ________ (a/an) apple on the plate.44.That's ________ (a/an) good idea, Dad.45.用a或an填空。
专题一名词和冠词(一)名词知识点一名词的数1.可数名词单数变复数的规则(1)一般在名词词尾直接加s。
friend朋友→friends nation国家→nations interest兴趣→interestschange变化→changesmember成员→memberspainting油画→paintings(2)词尾是s,x,ch,sh时一般加es。
bus公共汽车→buses fox狐狸→foxes coach教练→coaches bush灌木丛→bushes 注意:stomach(胃部)等词的复数形式是在词尾直接加s。
(3)词尾是辅音字母+y时,变y为i再加es。
enemy敌人→enemies hobby业余爱好→hobbies difficulty困难→difficulties 词尾是元音字母+y时,直接加s。
guy家伙→guys key钥匙→keys(4)词尾是f或fe时,多将f或fe变为ves。
shelf架子→shelves knife刀子→knives wolf狼→wolves calf牛犊→calves housewife家庭主妇→housewives(5)词尾是o的名词,有些直接加s,有些加es。
bamboo竹子→bamboos tomato番茄→tomatoes potato土豆→potatoes实录:名词可以在句子中作主语、宾语、表语、补语、定语、状语、同位语以及称呼语,但不能作谓语。
记法:规则变化名词单数变复数,直接加-s占多数;s,x,z,ch,sh来结尾,直接加上-es;词尾是f或fe,加-s之前先变ve;辅母+y在词尾,把y变i再加-es;词尾字母若是o,常用三个已足够,要加-es请记好,hero, tomato, potato。
2.常用特殊名词的复数形式(1)单复数同形的名词sheep绵羊deer鹿aircraft飞行器Chinese中国人Japanese日本人means手段works工厂series系列(2)自身有特殊变化的名词child孩子→childrenman男人→men woman女人→womentooth牙→teet hfoot脚;英尺→feetmouse老鼠→micecriterion标准→criteriaphenomenon现象→phenomenamedium传播媒介→media(3)合成名词的复数变化规则①有中心名词的合成词的复数,是在中心名词后加-s。
英语语法:冠词的使用规则(大全)英语语法:冠词的使用规则(大全)英语考试,语法是关键,预习英语单词时,要做到读音准确,词义明确,词性明了,对于四会(听、说、读、写)的单词,还要求拼写正确。
下面是小编为大家整理的英语语法:冠词的使用规则,希望对您有所帮助!英语语法:冠词的使用规则冠词的使用规则一:抽象化的名词1.一般无冠词,如:We read books for joy. 我们为快乐而读书。
2.抽象名词具体化,表示“……的人或事”时,则可加a/an,如:It is a great joy to read books. 读书真是一大乐事。
3.特指用the,如:Reading is the joy of his life. 阅读是他生活的乐趣。
冠词的使用规则二:序数词1.表示顺序时用the,如:She chose the third flower. 她选了第三朵花。
2.表示“再一次”时用a/an,如:She saw a third flower. 她又看到了一朵花。
(暗指之前已经看到过两朵了)冠词的使用规则三:物质名词1.表示泛指时无冠词,如:Water is very important to us. 水对我们很重要。
2.表示特指时用the,如:The water in this river is sweet. 这条河里的水是甜的。
冠词的使用规则四:三餐1.一般无冠词,如:have breakfast 吃早餐2.若餐前有形容词修饰,则用a/an,如:a good breakfast 美味的早餐3.若特指某一餐,则用the,如:The breakfast you offered me was really good. 你提供的早餐很美味。
冠词的使用规则五:学校、教堂和监狱等词1.指建筑本身时,特指用the,如:The school is so large. 这个学校很大。
2.指建筑本身时,泛指用a/an,如:There is a school near my house. 我家旁边有所学校。
语法专题(冠词)冠词冠词是虚词,本身不能单独使用,常用在名词的前面,帮助指明名词的含义。
英语中的冠词有三种,一种是不定冠词a/an,另一种是定冠词the ,还有一种是零冠词(名词前不用冠词)一.考查热点1.考察冠词的基本用法2.考查定冠词和不定冠词的特殊用法,如:比较级前冠词的使用,抽象名词具体化前冠词的使用,一日三餐名词前冠词的使用等3.固定搭配二.老师寄语冠词填空抢分绝招:如果“形容词+名词”前无其他限定词,一般填冠词。
那么填那种冠词呢?1.看语意,如果翻译为“一个,一种,一本……”一般用不定冠词a/an; 翻译为“这…..那……”表示特指就用the 。
2.看结构,如果名词后有of短语,不定式或定语从句等这样的限定成份时,一般用the.3.固定搭配,习惯用语要记牢知识清单一.不定冠词常用的几种情况1.不定冠词的用法(a 用于辅音因素前,an用于元音音素前)表示“一个”,相当于one或everyThis is an interesting book and it is also a useful one2 .表一类人或物A horse is a useful animal.3.“某一个”,相当于a certainA Mr.Li is waiting for you .4. 抽象名词具体化时,可以表示“一场,一次,一件”,a pleasure一件乐事,a surprise一件令人惊讶的事,a joy一件高兴的事,a pity 一件遗憾的事,an honour一个(件)以某一为荣的人(事)等前加不定冠词5. 数词前加不定冠词表示“又一,再一”之意He has failed twice in P.E test ,and he is wondering whether he have a chance tohave a third try .6. 用于有形容词修饰的一日三餐,季节,日期前a big supper a light breakfast a very hot summer a wonderful Sunday7.与形容词比较级连用表示一个更。
的In recent years ,the small town has enjoyed a bigger boom than ever.8. 固定搭配have a cold have a good/great timeAfter a while have a tryIn a hurry (be)at a lossall of a sudden a great manygo on a diet have a gift foras a result as a ruleas a matter of fact in a short while/periodhave a chance keep an eye onTake an interest in take/have a walkmake a living live a happy lifea most + adj +n a picture of sb doing sth 一张某人做….的照片that/so +adj + a/an + n(可数名词单数)such a/an +adj + n(可数名词单数)what a/an +adj+ n(可数名词单数)+主语+be二.定冠词的使用1.使用定冠词的一般情况。
1).特指或第二次提到2).序数词前,最高级前,独一无二的事物前3).用于表示发明物的单数名词前或某些专有名词前Invent the computer4)用在身体部位名称前,相当于物主代词(动词+sb+介词+the+身体部位)His jaw was broken after he was hit on the head.2.定冠词使用的特殊场合1).He hit him in the facebeat sb on the nose take sb by the arm pat sb on the head /shoulder2).the poor the rich the wounded the disabled3).the elder of the two, the more beautiful of the two两者中较年长的一位/中较漂亮的一个4.)the soon, the better5).he got paid by the hour 他是按小时付工钱的By the month /year/day/dozen注意by weight按重量6)in the 50s /in the7) the Smiths /the Whites 表示一家人或夫妻俩8)tell the truth /on the other hand /on the way home3固定搭配at the momenton the right/leftin the west/east/distancethe morning/afternoon/eveningon the contraryin the endby the waythe day before yesterdayon the spoton the wholein the habit of doing sthfor the time beingin the daytimemake the most/best ofthe other dayon the radio/ phoneon the one hand…….on the other hand…..三.零冠词的情况1专有名词,物质名词,抽象名词,人名,地名等名词前一般不加冠词。
China ,America Smith2可数名词前有物主代词,指示代词,名词所有格等限制时,不加冠词This dictionary is mine3季节,月份,日期,节日,假日,一日三餐名词前一般不加冠词。
March , May Day, National Day, Children’sDay, Women’s dayHave you had supper?Spring is the best season of the year.4 学科名称,球类,棋类名称前不加冠词Do you study physics?He likes playing footdall/chess.5复数名词表示泛指一类人或事物时前不用冠词。
They are peasants/workers.6 在于by 连用的交通工具名称前不加冠词By car/bus/bike/train/air/water/land注意take a bus come in a boat on the train/bus7 某些固定词组中不用冠词名词词组中Husband and wife , brother and sister , body and soul ,day and night , knife and fork介词词组at noon/night/midnight/dawn/dusk At bottomlast at present at war In order in peacein trouble in sight in advance in danger in fashion in factin case in favor of without result without doubtwithout hesitation take part in form beginning to end注意:在有些词组中,有无冠词含义不同1)in hospital/ prison in the hospital/prison2)in front of in the front of3)in charge/control in the charge/control (of)4)out of question out of the question8.as 引导的让步状语从句中,做表语的名词不带冠词Child as she is ,she knows a lot of French9.系动词turn (变成),后坐表语的单数可数名词前习惯不用冠词The young girl has turn writer.The young girl has become a writer四、语法填空1. (2019.天津卷) Life is like _____ ocean ,only the strong-willed can reach the other shore.2.(2019.重庆卷I can’t tell you ___way to the Wilson’s because we don’t have ___Wilson here in the village .3.(2019.浙江卷The paper is due next month and I am working seven days____ week, often long into ____night4.(2019.陕西卷_______village where I was born has grown into _____town.5.(2019.江西卷)They chose tom to be _____captain of the team because they knew he was ______smart leader6.(2019.新课标全国卷I)India attained Independence in 1974,after ______long struggle7.(2019.重庆卷)The parents were shocked by ____news that their son needed_____ operation on his knee8.(2019.山东卷)It was _____cold winter night and the moon was shinning brightly across______ _night sky.9. (2019.浙江卷)People develop_____ preference for a particular style of learning at ______early age and these preference affect learning.10.(2019.福建卷)The “Chinese dream” is _______ dream to improve people‘s well-being and ______dream of harmony ,peace and development.11. (2019江西卷)Animals are obviously _____lower form of life than man .12. (2019.新课标全国卷II)Four and ____half hours discussion took us up ti midnight ,and _____break for cheese ,chocolate and tea with sugar.13. (2019.陕西卷)Marco Polo is said to have sailed on _____pacific ocean on his way to java in ______thirteenth century14. (2019.全国卷I)Sara looked at _________finished painting with satisfaction.15.(2019.全国卷II)He missed _______gold in the high jump ,but will get ______second chance in the long jump.16. (2019.浙江)Jane’s grandmother had wanted to write _____children’s book for many years ,but one thing or another always got in ____way.17. (2019.四川)2019 Brian is gifted in writing music ;he is very likely to be _____Beethoven.18. (2019.陕西)_____more learned a man is ,_____more modest he usually become.19.(2019.浙江)_____prize for the winner of the competition is ________two-week holiday in Paris.20.(2019 重庆)I’d just heard _____bank where Dora works was robbed by _____gunman wearing a mask.五、实战演练。