Minimum Variation Surfaces

英语课后重点短语LESSON 1(P15)1)the fundamental concept 基本概念2)cross section 横截面3)the internal stresses produced in the bar 棒内应力4)continuous distribution of bydrostatic pressure 净水压力的连续分布5)the tensile load 拉伸载荷6) a uniform distribution over the cross section 横截面上的均匀分布7)arbitrary cross-sectional shape 任意横截面形状8)tensile stress 拉应力9)compressive stresses 压应力10)a normal stress 正应力11)through the centroid of the cross sectional area 通过质心的横截面积12)the uniform stress condition 均应力状态13)the stress distribution at the end of the bar14)high localized stresses 局部高应力15)an axially loaded bar 轴向加载杆16)a tensile strain 拉伸应变17)an elongation or stretching of the material 延长或拉伸的材料18)a compressive strain 压应变19)the ratio of two lengths20)purely statical and geometrical considerations 从纯静态和几何关系考虑LESSON 2(P25)1)the main manifestations of capacity 功能的主要表现形式2)the maximum unit load(stress) 最大单位载荷3)stress-strain diagram 应力-应变图4)the simple tensile test 简单拉伸试验5)the percentage elongation at rupture 断裂延伸率6)the end of tensile specimens 拉伸试样的末端7)permanent deformation 永久变形8)the resulting load-displacement curve 所产生的载荷-位移曲线9) a substsntial yielding of the material 大量高产的物质10)yield point 屈服点11)the trainsition from elastic to plastic behavior12)material property table 材料性能表13)plastic defomation 塑性变形14)a specified standard length of the specimen 指定的标准试样的长度15)at the moment of rupture 在破裂时16)short cylindrical specimens 短圆柱试样17)ductile materials 任性材料18)high stress concentration 高应力集中19)ultimate tensile strength 极限抗拉强度20)strain hardening zone 应变硬化区LESSON 3(P37)1)circular cross section 圆截面2)the position of mountings 安装位置3)nominal size 标准尺寸4)length of shaft subjected to twist 轴的受扭长度5)minimize stress concentration 尽量减小应力集中6)from the standpoint of stress 从应力角度7)equations for a shaft in pure torsion 轴纯扭转的方程式8)diameter of solid shaft 实心轴的直径9)outside diameter of hollow shaft 空心轴的外径10)the amount of twist in a shaft 轴的扭转量11)torsional deflection 扭转变形12)shear modulus of elasticity 剪切弹性模量13)be closer to the vertical load 接近于垂直载荷14)the endurance limit 疲劳极限15)the allowable shearing stress 许用剪切应力16)equation for equivalent moments 方程的等效力矩17)the design stress values for flexure 设计弯曲应力值18)the angle of twist 扭转角19)antifricton bearings 滚动轴承20)the amount of twist in a shaft 轴的扭转量LESSOM 4(P51)1)herringbone gears 人字齿轮2)spiral gears 螺旋齿轮3)worn gears 蜗轮4)bevel gears 圆锥齿轮5)hypoid gears 准双曲面齿轮6)sizes of spur-gear teeth 齿轮轮齿的尺寸7)the automotive rear axle drives 汽车后桥驱动8)rack-and-pinion drives 齿条和小齿轮驱动器9)diametral pitch 径节10)pitch circle 节圆11)the tangency point 切点12)pressure angles 压力角13)an involute curve 渐开线14)the radial distant 径向距离15)at right angles 成直角16)the average number of teeth in contact17)the reciprocal of the diametral pitch 对等径节18)to change inches to millimeters 把英寸换算成毫米19)a line perpendicular to the centerlines 垂直中心线的直线20)center distance between two meshed gears 两个齿轮的中心距LESSION 5(P62)1)plate cams 盘形凸轮2)cylindrical cams 圆柱凸轮3)the cam assembles in automatic record players 汽车发动机上的凸轮组件4)cam profiles 凸轮轮廓5)make a full-scale template 制造一个实体样板6)in the course of several revolutions of the cam 在凸轮中转几圈7) a tangential plate cam 切向盘形凸轮8) a translation cam 移动凸轮9)the groove in the periphery of the cam 凸轮表面的槽10)a guided vertical reciprocated follower 做垂直运动的往复件11)a constant-diameter cam 等径凸轮12)automatic washing machines13)a face cam 面凸轮14)the edge of a pivoted follow 摆动从动件的边缘15)a reciprocating knife-edged follower 作往复运动的刀口式从动件16)miniature snap-action electrical switchies 小的速动开关17)a pivoted flat-faced follower 安装在摆臂上的滚子从动件18)air pilot values19)the abrupt change in cam profile 在凸轮轮廓上的突变20)a Scotch yoke mechanism 苏格兰的克机构LESSION 6(P73)1)developing and demanding industry 一个处在发展中社会需要的产业2)propeller shaft 传动轴3)suspension components4) a sliding splined type of joint 滑动花键连接5)two rear axle shafts 两个后半轴6)to mesh with a larger bevel gear 与更大的锥齿轮啮合7)the universal joint 万向节8) a steering wheel 转向轮9)unevenness of road surfaces 路面的不平度10)the transverse line of the axle shafts 后横半轴11)to cause excessive tyre wear 造成轮胎的过度磨损12)the exactly similar diameter 直径非常接近13)quarter-elliptic leaf springs 四分之一随圆形钢板板式弹簧14)the transmission of shock 冲击15)road surface variation 路面变化16)the final-drive gears 最终传动齿轮副17)the precise alignment of shaft 精确同轴18)a rotating drum 转动筒鼓19)a hand lever 手刹杆20)be locked in the one position 被固定某一位置LESSION 8(P99)1)bulk deformation of metals 金属的变形2)forging，rolling or extruding 锻造滚压挤压3)plastic deformation 塑性变形4)impact blows 冲击5)the recrystallization point of the mental6)hot working and cold working 热加工和冷加工7)better surface finish8)hammer forging 锤锻9)striking the hot metal 锻打热金属10)a slow squeezing action 缓慢加压11)open dies and closed dies 开模和闭模12)bevel gears with traight or helical teeth 用直齿或螺旋加工锥齿轮13)impression dies 型腔模14)each of several die cavities 每一个模膛15)mass production16)a homogeneous circumferential grain fiow 均匀的周向纤维流17)the three-dimensional description 三维描述18)computer simulation 计算机仿真19)hydraulic presses 液压压力20)be rough- and finished-machined 粗加工和精加工LESSION 9(P110)1)carrying high-amperage current 携带高安培电流2)the electrode and the work-piece 电机和工件3)the weld pool 焊接熔池4) a column of ionized gas called plasma 一个列的电离气体称为等离子体5)the oxides and nitrides 氧化物和氮化物6)the positive ions 阳离子7)deleterious substances 有害物质8)the newly solidified mental 刚凝固的金属9)in overhead welding 仰焊10)current density 电流密度11)deposition rate 沉积速率12)an unbalanced magnetic field 不平横磁场13)arc blow 电弧偏吹14)the electrode coating 电极涂层15)in overhead position 在仰焊的位置16)the cooling rate of the deposited metal 沉积金属的冷却速度17)a more homogeneous microstructure 更均匀的微观结构18)a smooth flow of molten metal 顺畅熔融19)cellulosic-coated electrodes 纤维质涂层的焊条20)perpendicular to the current path 与电路垂直LESSION 10(P123)1)plain carbon steel 碳素钢2)carbon content 碳含量3)low carbon steel 低碳钢4)medium carbon steel 中碳钢5)high carbon steel 高碳钢6)be cold worked 冷加工7)be heat treated 热处理8)contain 20 point of carbon 含20%的碳9)in the hot-rolled condition 在热轧条件下10)heat-treat-hardened plain carbon steel 热处理硬化普通碳钢11)free-machining steels 易切削钢12)hot short 热脆性13)cold shortness 冷脆性14)the isothermal transformation curves 等温移动曲线15)grain refinement 细化晶粒16)stainless steel 不锈钢17)AISI steels 美国钢铁协会钢18)Iron-carbon equilibrium diagram 铁碳平衡表19)Tool and die steel 工具钢和模具钢20)High corrosion chemical resistance 高耐腐蚀和耐化学性能LESSION 11(P134)1)allotropic materials 同素异晶材料2)plain low carbon steel 普通低碳钢3)hypoeutectiod steel 亚共析钢4)normalized steel 正火钢5)hypereutectoid steel 过共析钢6)eutectoid composistion 共析钢7)grain houndaries 晶界8)ferrite matrix 铁氧体矩阵9)about 60℃about the Ac1 temperature 大约Ac1温度以上60摄氏度10)the nose of the I-T curve I-T曲线鼻共处11)cooling rate 冷却速率12)quenching shock 淬火介质13)thermal stress 热应力14)thermal shock 热冲击15)a tempered steel 回火钢16)temper brittlement 回火脆性17)in the tempering or drawing proceduce 在回火阶段18)hardened steel 硬化钢19)full annealing 充分退火20)to dissolve all the cementite 溶解渗碳体LESSION 15(P177)1)turning，facing and boring 车削，车端面和镗孔2)split nut 对开螺母3) a single setup of the workplace 工件在一次性定位安装4)headstock assembly 主轴箱组件5)tailstock assembly 尾座组件6)carriage assembly 溜板箱组件7)lead screw and feed rod 丝杠和光杆8)two sets of parallel，longitudinal ways 两组平行的导轨9)to assure accuracy of alignment 为了保证装配的精确度10)a set of transmission gears 一套传动齿轮11)the maximum size of bar stock 棒料的最大尺寸12)gear box 齿轮箱13)a V-belt or silent-chain drive V型带和无声传动装置14)carbide and ceramic tools 硬质合金和金属陶瓷刀15)the inner ways of the end 床身的内侧导轨16)tailstock quill 尾座套筒17)a graduated scale 通常情况18)in the direction normal to the axis of rotation of the work 在垂直工件旋转轴线方向19)manual movement of the carriage 托盘的手工移动20)per revolution of the spindle 主轴旋转一周LESSION 16 (P188)1) a multiple-tooth cutter 多齿铣刀2)progressive formation 逐渐成形3)in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the cutter 在垂直刀具轴线的方向4)the metal removal rate 金属切除率5)produce good surface finish 产生好的表面光洁度6)in job-shop and tool and die work7)teeth located un the periphery of the cutter body8)slab milling 板铣9)face milling 端面铣削10)up milling 逆铣11)down milling 顺铣12)the direction of feed of the workpiece 工件的进给方向13)the clamping device 夹具14)the smoothness of the generated surface 铣削表面的平整度15)the sharpness of the cutter edges 切削刃的锋利程度16)at the end of the tooth engagement17) p rofile cutters 仿形铣刀18) c arbide- and ceramic- tipped cutters 硬质合金及陶瓷-硬质合金刀具19)negative-rake-angle cutters 负倾角刀20)arbor cutters and shank cutters 乔木刀和柄刀。

机械图纸中常见的符号及意义《机械识图》根据最新的中等职业学校机械制图教学大纲，针对中等职业学校学生在识图知识与技能方面的就业需求编写而成，注重对中等职业学校学生的识图能力培养。

《图文对半，直观形象，方便教学。

全书共分9个项目：抄画平面图形，三视图的形成与投影作图，基本几何体的视图，绘制与识读组合体视图，识读视图、剖视图和断面图，识读轴套类零件图，识读盘盖轮类零件图，识读叉架类和箱壳类零件图，识读装配图。

通过这9个项目将知识点与任务有机地结合，由浅入深，循序渐进，使学生完成技能的训练，达到学以致用的目的。

自劳动开创人类文明史以来,图形与语言、文字一样,是人们认识自然、表达和交流思想的基本工具,在图学发展的历史长河中,经过不断地完善和发展得到了广泛的应用。

在现代工业生产中,机械、化工或建筑都是根据图样进行制造和施工的。

设计者通过图样表达设计意图;制造者通过图样了解设计要求、组织制造和指导生产;使用者通过图样了解机器设备的结构和性能,进行操作、维修和保养。

因此机械图样是交流传递技术信息、思想的媒介和工具,是工程界通用的技术语言。

作为职业技术教育培养目标的生产第一线的现代新型技能型人才,必须学会并掌握这种语言,具备识读和绘制机械图样的基本能力。

从以下几方面可以体现其重要性:从事机械制造行业就须掌握机械制图 ,学习机械制图感到抽象、困难,其原因之一是习惯于在平面上思考问题,缺乏空间思维能力。

在学习过程中教师要有针对性地借助各种媒体,直观、形象地引导学生建立起空间概念,由平面思维转换到空间思维。

把物体的投影与实际零件结构紧密联系,不断地“由物画图”和“由图画物”,既要想象物体的形状,又要思考图形间的投影规律,步提高空间想象和思维能力。

有了这种能力,在实际工作时,才会通过二维的平面图——零件图(或装配图)想象出来三维的空间物体——实际零件(装配体),只有掌握这种技能,才能顺利完成零件加工或机器装配的工作。

所以,空间想象能力是学习机械制图的核心内容。

LONG FORM GUIDELINE SPECIFICATIONSSECTION 09300 - CERAMIC TILEPART 1 - GENERAL1.1 DESCRIPTIONA. Furnish all labor, materials, tools, equipment and services necessary for and reasonablyincidental to complete the tile work as shown on the drawings or specified.B. Related documents, drawings and general provisions of contract, including General andSupplementary Conditions and Division 1 Specification Sections apply to work of this section. Related Sections:1. Division 7, sealing expansion joints and other joints in tile work (joint sealant types, colors andmanufacturers to be specified by Architect). 079202. Division 3, Concrete. 033001.2 REFERENCE STANDARDSComply with current editions and applicable Specifications of the following:1. American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM).2. American National Standards Institute (ANSI).3. Tile Council of North America (TCNA) Handbook for Ceramic Tile Installation.1.3 QUALITY ASSURANCEA. Provide tile materials of each type, color and finish from Crossville Porcelain Stone / USA,Crossville, Tennessee. Provide setting, grouting and related materials of each type, color andfinish obtained from one source.B. Deliver, store and handle materials in accordance with manufacturer's instructions.C. Tile contractor, by commencing the work of this section, assumes overall responsibility to assurethat all assemblies, components and parts shown or required within the work of this sectioncomply with contract documents and are compatible with each other and with the conditionsand expected use.D. Qualified Labor (Because tile is a permanent finish, the lowest bid should not be the decidingfactor but rather, but who is the most qualified to perform the scope of the work beingspecified. See TCNA Handbook for a list of recognized programs). Engage an installer with aminimum of five (5) commercial tile installations similar in material, design and scope to thatindicated.E. Pre-Installation Meeting: Prior to tile installation, conduct a pre-installation project meeting.Contractor, Subcontractor, Material Suppliers, Architect and Owner representative shall benotified of the meeting.F. Field Mock-Up: Recommended scaled to appropriate size of the scope of the work ______ sq ft(Insert) and will be reviewed for joint quality, color range, pattern and workmanship.G. Extra Stock: Furnish extra stock of quantity equal to ________% of amount installed, in full-sizeunits, for each type, color, size and finish of tile.1.4 SUBMITTALSA. Verification Samples: Submit the following for each type, color, size, and finish included in thework.1. Full size tile and trim shapes, (indicate number of pieces required).2. Grout color samples.3. Sealant color samples or Prefabricated Joint/Transition Strip SamplesB. Product and Installation Data:1. Porcelain tile manufacturer's product and technical data indicating compliance with applicablestandards.2. Master Grade Certificates for each type of tile issued by tile manufacturer and signed by theinstaller, only available after the material has shipped from the manufacturer.3. Mortar and grout manufacturer's technical data sheets indicating suitability for the installationspecified and compliance with applicable standards.4. Sealant or prefabricated joint manufacturer's product and technical data.1.5 ENVIRONMENTALA. Comply with requirements of referenced standards and recommendations of materialmanufacturers for environmental conditions before, during and after installation.B. Maintain environmental conditions and protect work during and after installation to complywith referenced standards and manufacturer's printed recommendations.C. Maintain minimum and maximum temperature limits as recommended by manufacturers.D. Protect adjacent surfaces during progress of the work in this section.E. Illuminate the work area during installation providing the same level and angle of illumination aswill be available for final inspection. The use grazing or cove type lighting where lights arelocated either at the wall/ceiling interface, or mounted directly to the wall prompts the light to strike the tile finish at a straight down angle, creating unwanted shadows from grout lines giving the tile layout an un-flat irregular appearance. Installing overhead lighting at a wide downward angle 18”-24” away from the tiled wall will provide a flatter more uniform appearance to thetiled surface.PART 2 - PRODUCTS2.1 GENERAL REQUIREMENTSA. Furnish tile complying with "Standard/First Grade" requirements per ANSI A137.1 - 2021, fortypes of tile indicated.B. Comply with ANSI Standard for Tile Installation Material and current Tile Council of NorthAmerica (TCNA) Handbook for products and materials indicated for setting and grouting.2.2 TILEA. Unglazed and glazed porcelain tile shall be standard/first grade quality as manufactured byCrossville Inc., Crossville, Tennessee, and shall conform to the requirements of ANSI A137.1 -2021.1. Size: Porcelain and ceramic tile shall be manufactured to specific size after firing and shall beNominal -_________________ (Insert). All measurements are in inches unless otherwisespecified.2. Type: Porcelain tile shall be_________________(Insert)3. Thickness: Porcelain tile shall be manufactured to specific thickness after firing and shall benominal _________________ ([8.0 mm or greater] for large unit tile or [6.0mm or greater] forMosaics).4. Color: _____________________ (Insert Crossville color name and number).5. Product Test Data:a. Water Absorption (ASTM C373):______________%.b. Breaking Strength (ASTM C648):_________________lbf.c. Bond Strength (ASTM C482):________________psi.d. DCOF Dynamic Coefficient of Friction (ANSI A326.3-2021)______ wet.6. According to availability, provide matching trim shapes such as bullnose, corners, borders andcove base when specified.7. Environmental Propertiesa. ANSI 138.1 Green Squared Certified2.3 SETTING AND GROUTING MATERIALS:A. Use appropriate installation mortars according to ANSI A118-2021.B. Grouting Materials: Select grouting materials according to the following types: Tile setting andgrouting epoxy: A118.6 Standard Cement Grout, A118.7, High Performance Cement Grout orA118.8, Modified Epoxy Emulsion Grout. Provide grout in colors selected by the Architect from standard colors available from the approved manufacturers.C. Use waterproofing/Anti Fracture Membrane as required according to ANSI A118.12.2.4 EXPANSION JOINTS, CONTROL, CONTRACTION, AND ISOLATION JOINTS:A. Refer to most current TCNA Handbook, Method EJ171 for recommendations on locating,treating and detailing various types of construction joints. NOTE: Architect must specify type of expansion joints and show location and details on drawings.B. Use sealant complying with ASTM C920 according to Type, Grade, Class and Uses required. D. Prefabricated expansion joints can also be used when suitable for installation.PART 3 – EXECUTION3.1 EXAMINATIONA. Examine substrates where tile will be installed for compliance with requirements for installationtolerances and other conditions effecting performance of installed tile. Before tiling concretesurfaces saturated dry (SSD), free of standing water verify that substrates for setting tile are well cured, structurally sound dry, clean, and free from oil or waxy films, curing compounds or other coatings and surface treatments. Nonstructural shrinkage cracks should be pretreated with acrack suppression membrane (to prevent telegraphing of cracks through the finished tileinstallation) ANSI A118.12.B. Do not proceed with installation until unsatisfactory conditions have been corrected.Commencement of work signifies acceptance of substrate and installation conditions.3.2 PREPARATIONA. Substrate Preparation: Prepare and clean substrate in accordance with installation standardsand manufacturer's instructions, and as follows:1. Remove protrusions, bumps and ridges by grinding or chipping.2. Repair, fill, and level cracks, holes, depressions and rough or chipped areas in substrate usingpatching material recommended by setting materials manufacturer.3. Slab to have light broom finish when tile is installed by thin-set method.4. Before tiling, verify that all surfaces to be tiled are structurally sound true to plane, and fallwithin maximum variations shown below: Ensure that the substrate is within the followingtolerances:a. Horizontal surfaces (floors) - Maximum variation in substrate shall not exceed 1/4 " inten feet* from required plane, depending on substrate.b. Vertical surfaces (walls) - Maximum variation in substrate shall not exceed1/4 " in tenfeet* from the required plane, depending on substrate.* When using large format tile, normally considered as tiles with at least one edge 15” in length or greater; a more stringent tolerance 1/8” in 10’ or 1/16” in 24” when measure from the high points on the surface is required.Report all unacceptable surfaces to the architect in writing, and do not tile such surfaces untilthey are leveled enough to meet above requirements.B. Jobsite Blending: Blend tiles before installing in accordance with reference standards to producean even range and distribution of color and finish.3.3 INSTALLATIONA. Manufacturers' Instructions: Perform work in compliance with standard accepted installationguidelines, Crossville Porcelain Stone/USA instructions and setting materials manufacturers'instructions.B. Comply with appropriate ANSI A108-2021 specification and current Tile Council of NorthAmerica Handbook (TCNA) for appropriate method of installation for each specification. Forthin set adhesive mortar application use following technique:•With the flat side of trowel, key mortar into substrate.•Using the appropriate size trowel, comb mortar in one direction with notched side of the trowel.•Set tile with a sliding motion, perpendicular to the mortar ridges.•Obtain as near 100% coverage as possible of mortar to tile.•Mortar coverage shall be no less than 85% and shall be sufficiently distributed to give full support under all corners and edges of the tile.•Note: 95-100% coverage is mandatory for wet and exterior areas. Periodically, remove sheets or individual tiles to assure proper bond coverage consistent with industry specifications.C. Installing Tile:1. Install tile in pattern indicated. Align joints when adjoining tiles on floor, base, walls, and trimare same size. Adjust to minimize tile cutting and to avoid tile less than half size.2. When possible, smooth cut edges of tile and/or use appropriate cutter or wet saw to producesmooth cuts. Provide straight cuts which align with adjacent materials.3. Extend tile into recesses and under equipment and fixtures to form a complete covering withoutinterruption.4. Terminate tile neatly at obstructions, edges, and corners, without disruption of pattern or jointalignment.5. Provide tile joints uniform in width, subject to variance in tolerance allowed in tile size. Makejoints smooth and even, without voids, cracks, or excess mortar or grout.6. Mix mortar in strict accordance with manufacturer's recommendations.7. Apply setting material in accordance with manufacturer's directions and install tile beforemortar has started initial cure. For thin set mortar application, use a notch trowel that willachieve the recommended coverage of mortar after tiles have been installed. Referencestandard coverage information and follow manufacturer's recommendations for trowel sizewhen using mortar.8. Do not spread more material than can be covered within 10 to 15 minutes. If "skinning" occurs,remove mortar and spread fresh material. Spread mortar with notches running in one direction that shall be perpendicular to the pressing, pushing and pulling of tile during placement.9. Place tile in fresh mortar, press, push and pull the tile slightly to achieve as near 100% coverageand contact of tile with setting material and substrate as possible. The coverage shall be no less than 85% and be sufficiently distributed to give full support of the tile. Make sure that allcorners and edges are well supported with mortar. Leave no hollow corners or edges. NOTE:95-100% coverage is mandatory for wet or exterior areas. A skim coat (“back-butter”) of mortar can be placed onto the entire back of the tile using a trowel in order to assist in optimumadhesion and coverage of the mortar being used.10. Ensure there is a minimum 1/8" of mortar between tile and substrate after proper bedding.Installer must periodically remove sheets or individual tiles to assure proper bond coverageconsistent with industry specifications. If coverage is found to be insufficient, use a larger sizenotch trowel.11. Use a beating block and hammer or rubber mallet so that faces and edges of individual tiles areflush and level with faces and edges of adjacent tiles, and to reduce lippage.12. For running bond/brick joint patterns utilizing tiles (square or rectangular) where the side beingoffset is greater than 18” (nominal dimension), the running bond offset will be a maximum of33% unless otherwise specified by the tile manufacturer. If an offset greater than 33% isspecified, specifier and owner must approve mock-up and lippage.D. Grouting:1. Install grout in accordance with ANSI A108.10, A108.6, A108.8, A108.9 correlating to grout typechosen and manufacturer’s recommendations.2. Mix grout material in strict accordance with manufacturer's directions.3. Apply grout to produce full, smooth grout joints of uniform width, and free of voids and gaps.4. Before grouting entire area do a test area to assure there will be no permanent staining ordiscoloration of the tile and to verify that the grout is easily removed from the surface. Ifnecessary, pre-coat exposed surfaces of tile with a grout release as recommended by themanufacturer, as this will facilitate removal of the grout.5. Cure all setting and grouting materials in accordance with manufacturer's recommendations.E. Cleaning and Protection:1. If one has been used, remove grout release and clean tile surfaces so they are free of groutresidue and foreign matter, in accordance with manufacturer's instructions. If a grout haze orresidue remains, use a suitable grout haze remover or cleaner and contact grout manufacturer for recommendations. Flush surface with clean water before and after cleaning. Do not useharsh hydrochloric, muriatic or sulfuric acid or acid-based cleaners to clean glazed tiles or tilesgrouted with latex modified grout.2. When a heavy residue of Portland cement grout is present, acceptable tile cleaning acids may beused. However, the grout should be allowed to cure a minimum of 10 days before thisaggressive cleaning method is employed. Tile and grout shall be soaked with water beforecleaning. In the absence of a recommendation from the grout manufacturer, acid cleaning may be done with a saturated solution of phosphoric or sulfamic acid, mixed in accordance withmanufacturer's recommendations.3. Protect all floor tile installations with clean construction paper or other heavy covering duringconstruction period to prevent staining or damage. After cleaning, provide protective covering and maintain conditions to protect tile work from damage or deterioration. Where tiledsurfaces will be subject to equipment or wheel traffic or heavy construction traffic, and during move-in of furniture and equipment, cover protective covering with 1/4" hardboard, plywood or similar material. No foot or wheel traffic permitted on floor for at least 3 days after grouting.Owner/specifier is responsible for protecting tile from damage including allowing sufficient time for installed materials to cure properly typically 30-45 days is required for full cure of thin setbonding mortars.4. Leave finished installation clean and free of cracked, chipped, broken, un-bonded, andotherwise defective tile work.5. Consult most current Crossville Brochure "Care & Maintenance" for information on postinstallation cleanup and routine maintenanceThis form document is intended as a general guideline only. It is the responsibility of the design professional to revise this form to suit specific requirements of the project. Crossville Porcelain Stone / USA makes no representation or warranties that the general information contained within this document is suitable for the specific requirements of the project. Consult your Crossville Porcelain Stone / USA representative and the installation and maintenance material manufacturers specified for technical assistance. The design professional should refer to the current edition of the TCNA handbook and other reference standards for additional information. The design professional should coordinate this section with the drawings and with general provisions of the contract, including general andsupplementary conditions and Division I general requirements.Inquiries- Crossville Incorporated – Technical Services(931) 484 – 2110(931) 484-8418 Fax******************************。

GMP规范中英文对照Chapter 1: General Provisions第一章总则Article 1: This Regulation is enacted in accordance with the "Drug Administration Law of The People's Republic of China".第一条根据《中华人民共和国药品管理法》规定，制定本规范。

Article 2: This Regulation is promulgated as the basic guideline for manufacturing and quality control of pharmaceutical products. This Regulation shall be applicable to all the manufacturing processes of drug preparations and to the key manufacturing processes of raw materials which may cause variation in the quality of finished products.第二条本规范是药品生产和质量管理的基本准则。

适用于药品制剂生产的全过程、原料药生产中影响成品质量的关键工序。

Chapter 2: Organization and PersonnelArticle 3: A pharmaceutical enterprise shall establish production and quality control departments. The responsibilities of departments at all levels and personnel shall be clarified, and each department shall be staffed by an appropriate number of management and technical personnel with expert knowledge, manufacturing experience and organization ability. 第三条药品生产企业应建立生产和质量管理机构。

几何量具测量器具术语及英文对照1.刀口型直尺:knife straigjht edge2.刀口尺: knife straigjht edge3.三棱尺three edges straigjht edge4.四棱尺four edges straigjht edge5.条式和框式水平仪 bar form and square levels6.合像水平仪imaging level meter7铸铁平板cast iron surface plate8.岩石平板granite surface plate9.铸铁平尺cast iron straigjht edge10.钢平尺和岩石平尺 steel and granite straigjht edge11.圆度仪roundness measuring instrument12.电子水平仪electronic level meter13.表面粗糙度比较样块铸造表面roughness comparison specimens cast surface14.表面粗糙度比较样块磨、车、铣、插及刨加工表面roughness comparison specimens-ground,turned,bored,milled,shape and planed15.表面粗糙度比较样块电火花加工表面roughness comparison specimens spark-erostion machining surfaces16.表面粗糙度比较样块抛光加工表面roughness comparison specimens pollshed surfaces17.接触式仪器的标称特性18.轮廓profiles19.轨迹轮廓traced profile20.基准轮廓reference profile21.总轮廓total profile22.原始轮廓primary profile23.残余轮廓residual profile24.触针式仪器stylus instrument25.感应位移数字存储触针式量仪displacement sensitive,digitally storing stylus instrument26.触针式仪器的部件stylus instrument components27.测量环measurement loop28.导向基准renfence guide29.驱动器drive unit30.测头(传感器)probe(pick-up)31.拾取单元tracing element32.针尖stylus tip33.转换器transducer34.放大器amplifier35.模/数转换器analog-to-digital converter36.数据输入data input37.数据输出data output38.轮廓滤波和评定profile filtering and evaluation39.轮廓记录器profile recorder40.仪器的计量特性metrological characteristics of the instrument41.静测力的变化change of static measuring force42.静态测力static measuring force43.动态测量力dynamic measuring force44.滞后hysteresis45.测头的测量范围transmission function for the sine waves46.仪器的测量范围measuring range of the instrument47.模数转换器的量化步距quantization step of the ADC48.仪器分辨力instrument resolution49.量程分辨力比range-to-resolution ratio50.测头线性偏差probe linearity deviation51.短波传输界限short-wave transmission limitation52.轮廓垂直成分传输vertical profile component transmission153表面粗糙度比较样块抛丸、喷砂加工表面roughness comparison specimens shot blasted and blasted surfaces54产品结构几何量计术规范（GPS）geometrical product specifications(GPS)55表面结构surface texture56接触式仪器的标称特性nominal characteristics of contact instruments57公法线千分尺micrometer for mearsuring root tangent lenghths of gear teeth58最大允许误差maximum permissible error59圆柱直齿渐开线花键量规gauges for straight cylindrical involute splines60齿厚游标卡尺Gear tooth vernier calipers61齿轮渐开线样板the involute master of gear62齿轮螺旋线样板the helix master of gear63矩形花键量规gauges for straight –sided splines64测量蜗杆master worm65万能测齿仪universal gear measuring instrument66万能渐开线检查仪universal involute measuring instrument67齿轮齿距测量仪gear circular pictch measuring instrument68万能齿轮测量机Universal gear measuring machine69齿轮螺旋线测量仪gear helix measuring instrument70便携式齿轮齿距测量仪manual gear circular pitch measuring instrument71便携式齿轮基节测量仪manual gear base pitch measuring instrument72立式滚刀测量仪vertical hob measuring instrument73齿轮双面啮合综合测量仪Gear dual-flank measuring instrument74齿轮单面啮合整体误差测量仪Gear single-flank meshing integrated error measuring instrument 75梯形螺纹量规gauges for metric trapezoidal screw threads76工作螺纹量规work gauges for metric trapezoidal screw threads77校对螺纹量规check gauges for metric trapezoidal screw threads78.梯形螺纹量规型式与尺寸Types and dimensions of metric trapezoidal screw threads79.普通螺纹量规型式与尺寸Types and dimensions of gauges purpose screw threads80.非螺纹密封的管螺纹量规Gauges for pipe threads prcessure-tight joints are not made on the threads81.螺纹千分尺Screw thread micrometer82.最大允许误差maximum permissible error83.间隙螺纹量规Clearance screw gauge84.量针Bar gauge85.螺纹样板Screw thread template86.用螺纹密封的管螺纹量规Gauges for pipe threads where pressure-tight joints are made on the threads87.刀具预调测量仪精度Accuracy of the presetting instrument88.薄膜式气动量仪Membrane type pneumatic measuring instrument89.光栅线位移测量系统Grating linear displacement measuring system90.光栅角位移测量系统Grating angular displacement measuring system91.磁栅线位移测量系统Magnet-grid linear displacement measuring system92.量块附件Accessories for gauge blocks93.V形架Vee blocks94.比较仪座Comparator stand95.磁性表座Magnetic stand96.万能表座Universal stand for dial indicator一般术语：1. 几何量geometrical product2. 量值value(of a quantity)3. 真值true value(of a quantity)4. 约定真值conventional true value(of a quantity)5. 单位unit(of measurement)6. 测量measurement7. 测试measurement and test8. 检验inspecte9. 静态测量static measurement10. 动态测量dynamic measurement11. 测量原理principle of measurement12. 测量方法method of measurement13. 测量程序measurement procedure14. 被测量measurand15. 影响量influence quantity16. 变换值transformed value(of a measurand)17. 测量信号measurement signal18. 直接测量法direct method of measurement19. 间接测量法indirect method of measurement20. 定义测量法definitive method of measurement21. 直接比较测量法direct-comparison method of measurement22. 替代测量法substitution method of measurement23. 微差测量法differential method of measurement24. 零位测量法nulll method of measurement25. 测量结果result of a measurement26. 测得值measured value27. 实际值actual value28. 未修正结果uncorrected result （of a measurement）29. 已修正结果corrected result(of a measurement)30. 测量的准确度accuracy of measurement31. 测量的重复性repeatability of measurement32. 测量复现性reproducibility of measurements33. 实验标准偏差experimental standard deviation34. 测量不确定度uncertainty of measurement35. 测量绝对误差absolute error of measurement36. 相对误差relative error37. 随机误差random error38. 系统误差systematic error39. 修正值correction40. 修正系数correction factor41. 人员误差personal error42. 环境误差environmental error43. 方法误差error of method44. 调整误差adjustment error45. 读数误差reading error46. 视差parallax error47. 估读误差interpolation error48. 粗大误差parasitic error49. 检定verification50. 校准calibration51. 调准gauging52. 调整adjustment几何量测量器具术语1. 几何量具测量器具dimensional measuring instruments2. 长度测量器具length measuring instruments3. 角度测量器具angle measuring instruments4. 坐标测量机coordinate measuring machine5. 形状和位置误差测量器具form and position error measuring instruments6. 表面质量测量器具surface quality measuring instruments7. 齿轮测量器具gear measuring instruments8. 实物量具（简称“量具”）material measure9. 测量仪器（简称“量仪”）measuring instruments10. 测量链measuring chain11. 测量装置measuring system12. 指示式测量仪器indicating(measuring )instrument13. 记录式测量仪器recording（measuring）instrument14. 累计式测量仪器totalizing(measuring)instrument15. 积分式测量仪器integrating(measuring)instrument16. 模拟式测量仪器analogue(measuring)instrument17. 数字式测量仪器digital(measuring)instrument18. 测量变换器measuring transducer19. 传感器sensor20. 指示装置indicating device21. 记录装置recording device22. 记录载体recording medium23. 标尺标记scale mark24. 指示器index25. 标尺scale26. 度盘dail测量器具术语1. 标称值nominal value2. 示值indication(of a measuring instrument)3. 标尺范围scale range4. 标称范围nominal range5. 标尺长度scale length6. 标尺分度scale division7. 分度值value of a scale division8. 标尺间距scale spacing9. 线性标尺linear scale10. 非线性标尺non-linear scale11. 标尺标数scale numbering12. 测量仪器的零位zero of a measuring instrument13. 量程span14. 测量范围measuring range15. 额定工作条件vated operating conditions16. 极限条件reference condition17. 标准条件reference condition18. 仪器常数instrument constant19. 响应特性response characteristic20. 灵敏度senstivity21. 鉴别力discrimination22. 分辨力resolution（of an indicating device）23. 死区dead band24. 准确度accuracy of a measuring instruments25. 准确度等级accuracy class26. 重复性repeatability of a measuring instrument27. 示值变动性varation of indication28. 稳定度stability29. 可靠性reliability30. 回程hysteresis31. 漂移drift32. 响应时间response time33. 测量力（简称“测力”）measuring force测量器具术语1. 实物量具示值误差error of indication of a material measure2. 测量仪器示值误差error of indication of a measuring instrument3. 重复性误差repeatability error of a measuring instrument4. 回程误差hysteresis error5. 测量力变化variation of measuring force6. 测量力落差hysteresis of measuring force7. 偏移误差bias error (of a measuring instrument)8. 允许误差maximum permissible errors(of measuring instruments)9. 跟踪误差tracking error (of a measuring instrument)10. 响应率误差response-law error (of a measuring instrument)11. 量化误差quantization error (of a measuring instrument)12. 基值误差datum error (of a measuring instrument)13. 零值误差zero error (of a measuring instrument)14. 影响误差influence error15. 引用误差fiducial error16. 位置误差position error17. 线性误差linear error18. 响应特性曲线response characteristic curve19. 误差曲线error curve20. 校准曲线calibration curve21. 修正曲线correction curve。

几何测度论高维空间中低维点集的测度及低维点集上的积分理论。

20世纪初测度论的建立，使得人们对Rn中的子集关于n维勒贝格测度μn的行为有了很好的了解。

大部分函数论由于勒贝格积分论而产生了巨大变化。

但是在处理与Rn中低维点集有关的数学问题时遇到了困难。

例如著名的普拉托问题，在二维曲面时尚可以结合共形变换和狄利克雷原理巧妙地应用勒贝格方法而解决。

而在曲面的维数超出2时,这些经典的方法就失败了。

几何测度论正是在这种背景下产生。

它始于1914年C.卡拉西奥多里关于测度论的基础性工作，经过几十年的发展，熔合了来自分析、几何、代数拓扑中的许多技巧，产生了许多新的概念，成为数学研究的一个有力工具。

豪斯多夫测度与可求积集合在卡拉西奥多里的工作出现以后的开始20～30年内，大部分的兴趣在于了解Rn中的子集关于m 维豪斯多夫测度, 积分几何测度等各类测度的行为。

对于A嶅Rn,0≤k<∞,δ>0,定义A的k维豪斯多夫测度（简称hk测度）为，式中。

hk测度是Rn中的一个博雷尔正则测度。

又定义inf{k:hk(A)=0}为A的豪斯多夫维数,简称h 维数。

当k=n时，hn(A)=μn(A)，n=0时h0(A)为A的元素个数。

0和n中间每个数均可出现为Rn中某个子集的h 维数。

例如康托尔集的h 维数为ln2/ln3。

设A的hk测度有限, 在k>0时,若存在Rk中某个有界子集到A的李普希茨映射（即二点距离的增长比受到某个正常数控制的映射）,那就称A为k可求积集（k=0时为有限集，也称可求积集）。

如果A除了一个hk测度为0的子集外,为可列个k可求积集合覆盖,就称A为(hk,k)可求积集。

集合的可求积性质是一阶光滑流形的某种推广。

事实上,A 为(hk,k)可求积集合的充要条件是：除了一个hk测度为0的子集外,它可由Rn中可列个C1类k维子流形所覆盖。

可求积集合的这种描述使得对于它的构造的研究，特别是它的射影性质的研究成为几何测度论的重要内容。

直度-一个条件，一个面元素或轴是一条直线。

Straightness - a condition where an element of a surface or an axis is a straight line. 平整度-是条件，表面有所有的元素在一个平面。

Flatness - is the condition of a surface having all elements in one plane.圆度-描述条件对革命的表面（圆柱，圆锥，球）在所有点的表面相交的任何飞机。

Roundne ss - describes the condition on a surface of revolution (cylinder, cone, sphere) where all points of the surface intersected by any plane.圆柱度-描述了一个条件的旋转面，使所有的点面距离相等，一个共同的旋转轴。

Cylindricity - describes a condition of a surface of revolution in which all points of a surface are equidistant from a common axis.线轮廓度-是条件允许量相同的剖面变化，醚单边或双边，沿着一条线元素的特征。

Profile of a Line - is the condition permitting a uniform amount of profilevariation, ether unilaterally or bilaterally, along a line element of a feature.面轮廓度-是条件允许量相同的剖面变化，醚单边或双边，上表面。

Profile of a Surface - is the condition permitting a uniform amount of profilevariation, ether unilaterally or bilaterally, on a surface.周围标志-表明公差适用于所有周围的部分表面。

LN3--PU/Phylon/Rubber ProcessContents for these three sections of English Version PFC:∙Phylon Work Sheet PH数据表∙Components Specification Sheet(Phylon) 部件明细单(Phylon)∙Component Specification Sheet Set Up(Phylon) (此部分无中文)∙Phylon Midsole Specifications PH全插规格∙Phylon Preform Specifications PH粗胚规格∙Preform Drawing 粗胚图∙Component Specification Sheet Set Up(PU) (此部分无中文)∙PU Midsole Specifications PU全插规格∙PU Midsole Specifications II PU数据表∙Components Specification Sheet(PU) 部件明细单(PU)∙PU Midsole Pouring Specification PU灌注明细∙Outsole Color Schedule 本底颜色明细∙Outsole Preform Specifications 本底粗胚规格∙Outsole Pressing Process 本底压制流程∙Outsole Degreasing Process 本底水洗流程********************************************************************* ΦPU Section ΦPU部分********************************************************************* air bag schedule 空气袋分段specific instructions 特别说明air bag diagram 空气袋图示hardness(skin on) 硬度（带皮）density 密度elongation 延伸率tear 撕力tensile 拉力split tear 撕裂painting 喷漆MCS number 材料编号mold release agent 脱模剂polyurethane 聚安脂polyester 聚脂Density must be within NIKE spec and follow weight chart 密度必须符合NIKE要求及重量表No dirty midsole sidewalls yellowing or poor cosmetics due to mold condition.无因模具造成的边墙黄变及外观不良。

一阶光学性能1EFFL 透镜单元的有效焦距Effective focal length in lens units2AXCL 透镜单元的轴向色差Axial color, measured in lens units for focal systems and diopters for afocal systems 3LACL 透镜单元的垂轴色差Lateral color4PIMH 规定波长的近轴像高Paraxial image height at the paraxial image surface at the wavelength defined by Wave 5PMAG 近轴放大率Paraxial magnification6AMAG 角放大率Angular magnification7ENPP 透镜单元入瞳位置Entrance pupil position in lens units, with respect to the first surface8EXPP 透镜单元出瞳位置Exit pupil position in lens units, with respect to the image surface9PETZ 透镜单元的PETZVAL 半径Petzval radius of curvature in lens units at the wavelength defined by Wave10PETC 反向透镜单元的PETZVAL 半径Petzval curvature in inverse lens units at the wavelength defined by Wave11LINV 透镜单元的拉格朗日不变量Lagrange (or optical) invariant of system in lens units at the wavelength defined by Wave12WFNO 像空间F/#Working F/#13POWR 指定表面的权重The surface power (in inverse lens units) of the surface defined by Surf at the wavelength defined14EPDI 透镜单元的入瞳直径Entrance pupil diameter in lens units15ISFN 像空间F/# (近轴)Image space F/#16OBSN 物空间数值孔径Object space numerical aperture17EFLX “X”向有效焦距Effective focal length in the local x plane of the range of surfaces defined by Surf1and Surf2 at the18EFLY “Y”向有效焦距Effective focal length in the local y plane of the range of surfaces defined by Surf1and Surf2 at the19SFNO 弧矢有效F/#Sagittal working F/#, computed at the field point defined by Field and the wavelength defined byWave像差1SPHA 在规定面出的波球差分布（0则计算全局）Spherical aberration in waves contributed by the surface defined by Surf at the wavelength defined2COMA 透过面慧差（3阶近轴）Coma in waves contributed by the surface defined by Surf at the wavelength defined by Wave3ASTI 透过面像散（3阶近轴）Astigmatism in waves contributed by the surface defined by Surf at the wavelength defined byWave 4FCUR透过面场曲（3阶近轴）Field curvature in waves contributed by the surface defined by Surf at the wavelength defined byWave 5DIST 透过面波畸变（3阶近轴）ortion” on page 1786DIMX 畸变最大值Distortion maximum 7AXCL 轴像色差(近轴)Axial color, measured in lens units for focal systems and diopters for afocal systems 8LACL垂轴色差Lateral color 9TRAR径像像对于主光线的横向像差Transverse aberration radial direction measured in image space at the wavelength defined by Wave 10TRAX“X”向横向色差Transverse aberration x direction measured in image space at the wavelength defined by Wave 11TRAY“Y”向横向色差Transverse aberration y direction measured in image space at the wavelength defined by Wave 12TRAI规定面上的径像横向像差Transverse aberration radius measured at the surface defined by Surf at the wavelength defined 13TRAC径像像对于质心的横向像差Transverse aberration radial direction measured in image space with respect to the centroid for the 14OPDC主光线光程差Optical path difference with respect to chief ray in waves at the wavelength defined by Wave 15OPDX衍射面心光程差Optical path difference with respect to the mean OPD over the pupil with tilt removed at the 16PETZ 透镜单元的PETZVAL 半径Petzval radius of curvature in lens units at the wavelength defined by Wave 17PETC 反向透镜单元的PETZVAL 半径Petzval curvature in inverse lens units at the wavelength defined by Wave 18RSCH 主光线的RMS 光斑尺寸RMS spot radius with respect to the chief ray in lens units 19RSCE 类RSCH RMS spot radius with respect to the centroid in lens units 20RWCH 主光线的RMS 波前偏差RMS wavefront error with respect to the chief ray in waves 21RWCE 衍射面心的RMS 波前偏差RMS wavefront error with respect to the centroid in waves22ANAR 像差测试Angular aberration radius measured in image space at the wavelength defined by Wave with 23ZERN Zernike 系数Zernike Fringe coefficient 24RSRE 几何像点的RMS 点尺寸（质心参考）RMS spot radius with respect to the centroid in lens units 25RSRH 类同 RSRE （主光线参考）RMS spot radius with respect to the chief ray in lens units 26RWRE 类同 RSRE （波前偏差）RMS wavefront error with respect to the centroid in waves 27TRAD “X”像TRAR 比较The x component of the TRAR only 28TRAE“Y”像TRAR 比较The y component of the TRAR only 29TRCX像面子午像差”X”向（质心基准）Transverse aberration x direction measured in image space with respect to the centroid 30TRCY像面子午像差”Y”向（质心基准）Transverse aberration y direction measured in image space with respect to the centroid 31DISG广义畸变百分数Generalized distortion, either in percent or as an absolute distance 32FCGS弧矢场曲Generalized field curvature, sagittal 33DISC子午场曲Distortion, calibrated 34OPDM限制光程差，类同TRAC Optical path difference with respect to the mean OPD over the pupil at the wavelength defined byWave 35BSER对准偏差Boresight error 36BIOC集中对准Biocular Convergence 37BIOD垂直对准偏差Biocular Dipvergence MTF 数据1MTFT切向调制函数Modulation transfer function, tangential 2MTFS径向调制函数Modulation transfer function, sagittal 3MTFA平均调制函数Diffraction modulation transfer function, average of sagittal and tangential 4MSWT切向方波调制函数Modulation square-wave transfer function, tangential 5MSWS径向方波调制函数Modulation square-wave transfer function, sagittal 6MSWA平均方波调制函数Modulation square-wave transfer function, average of sagittal and tangential 7GMTA几何MTF 切向径向响应Geometric MTF average of sagittal and tangential response 8GMTS 几何MTF 径向响应Geometric MTF sagittal response9GMTT几何MTF切向响应Geometric MTF tangential response衍射能级1DENC衍射包围圆能量Diffraction Encircled Energy (distance) 2DENF衍射能量Diffraction Encircled Energy (fraction) 3GENC几何包围圆能量Geometric Encircled Energy (distance)4XENC Extended source encircled energy (distance)透镜数据约束1TOTR透镜单元的总长Total track (length) of lens in lens units 2CVVA规定面的曲率=目标值Curvature value3CVGT规定面的曲率>目标值Curvature greater than4CVLT规定面的曲率<目标值Curvature less than5CTVA规定面的中心厚度=目标值Center thickness value6CTGT规定面的中心厚度>目标值Center thickness greater than7CTLT规定面的中心厚度<目标值Center thickness less than8ETVA规定面的边缘厚度=目标值Edge thickness value9ETGT规定面的边缘厚度>目标值Edge thickness greater than10ETLT规定面的边缘厚度<目标值Edge thickness less than11COVA圆锥系数=目标值Conic value12COGT圆锥系数>目标值Boundary operand that constrains the conic of the surface defined by Surf to be greater than the13COLT圆锥系数<目标值Boundary operand that constrains the conic of the surface defined by Surf to be less than the14DMVA约束面直径=目标值Diameter value15DMGT约束面直径>目标值Diameter greater than16DMLT约束面直径<目标值Diameter less than17TTHI面厚度统计Sum of thicknesses of surfaces from Surf1 to Surf2 18VOLU元素容量Volume of element(s) in cubic cm19MNCT最小中心厚度Minimum center thickness20MXCT最大中心厚度Maximum center thickness21MNET最小边缘厚度Minimum edge thickness22MXET最大边缘厚度Maximum edge thickness23MNCG最小中心玻璃厚度Minimum center thickness glass 24MXEG最大边缘玻璃厚度Maximum edge thickness glass 25MXCG最大中心玻璃厚度Maximum center thickness glass 26MNCA最小中心空气厚度Minimum center thickness air 27MXCA最大中心空气厚度Maximum center thickness air 28MNEA最小边缘空气厚度Minimum edge thickness air29MXEA最大边缘空气厚度Maximum edge thickness air30ZTHI控制复合结构厚度This operand controls the variation in the total thickness of the range surfaces defined by Surf1 andSurf2 over multiple configurations31SAGX透镜在”XZ”面上的面弧矢The sag in lens units of the surface defined by Surf at X = the semi-diameter, and Y = 032SAGY透镜在”YZ”面上的面弧矢The sag in lens units of the surface defined by Surf at Y = the semi-diameter, and X = 033MNSD最小直径Minimum semi-diameter34MXSD最大直径Maximum semi-diameter35XXET最大边缘厚度Maximum edge thickness for the range of surfaces defined by Surf1 and Surf236XXEA最大空气边缘厚度Maximum edge thickness for the range of air surfaces defined by Surf1 and Surf2 37XXEG最大玻璃边缘厚度Maximum edge thickness for the range of glass surfaces defined by Surf1 and Surf2 38XNET最小边缘厚度Minimum edge thickness for the range of surfaces defined by Surf1 and Surf239XNEA最小边缘空气厚度Minimum edge thickness for the range of air surfaces defined by Surf1 and Surf2 40XNEG最小玻璃边缘厚度Minimum edge thickness for the range of glass surfaces defined by Surf1 and Surf2 41TTGT总结构厚度>目标值Total thickness greater than42TTLT总结构厚度<目标值Total thickness less than43TTVA总结构厚度=目标值Total thickness value44TMAS结构总质量Total mass45MNCV最小曲率Minimum curvature46MXCV最大曲率Maximum curvature47MNDT最小口径与厚度的比率Minimum diameter to thickness ratio48MXDT最大口径与厚度的比率Maximum diameter to thickness ratio参数数据约束1PnVA约束面的第n个控制参数=目标值This operand is obsolete, use PMVA instead 2PnGT约束面的第n个控制参数>目标值This operand is obsolete, use PMGT instead 3PnLT约束面的第n个控制参数<目标值This operand is obsolete, use PMLT instead 附加数据约束1XDVA附加数据值=目标值（1~99）Extra data value2XDGT附加数据值>目标值（1~99）Extra data value greater than3XDLT附加数据值<目标值（1~99）Extra data value less than玻璃数据约束1MNIN最小折射率Minimum index at d-light2MXIN组大折射率Maximum index at d-light3MNAB最小阿贝数Minimum Abbe number4MXAB最大阿贝数Maximum Abbe number5MNPD最小ΔPg-f Minimum6MXPD最大ΔPg-f Maximum7RGLA合理的玻璃Reasonable glass近轴光线数据1PARX指定面近轴X向坐标Paraxial ray x-coordinate in lens units at the surface defined by Surf at the wavelength defined byWave2PARY指定面近轴Y向坐标Paraxial ray y-coordinate in lens units at the surface defined by Surf at the wavelength defined byWave3REAZ指定面近轴Z向坐标Real ray z-coordinate in lens units at the surface defined by Surf at the wavelength defined byWave4REAR指定面实际光线径向坐标Real ray radial coordinate in lens units at the surface defined by Surf at the wavelength defined byWave5REAA指定面实际光线X向余弦Real ray x-direction cosine of the ray after refraction from the surface defined by Surf at the6REAB 指定面实际光线Y 向余弦Real ray y-direction cosine of the ray after refraction from the surface defined bySurf at the7REAC 指定面实际光线Z 向余弦Real ray z-direction cosine of the ray after refraction from the surface defined by Surf at the8RENA 指定面截距处，实际光线同面X 向正交Real ray x-direction surface normal at the ray-surface intercept at the surfaced defined by Surf at9RENB 指定面截距处，实际光线同面Y 向正交Real ray y-direction surface normal at the ray-surface intercept at the surface defined by Surf at10RENC 指定面截距处，实际光线同面Z 向正交Real ray z-direction surface normal at the ray-surface intercept at the surface defined by Surf at11RANG 同Z 轴向相联系的光线弧度角Ray angle in radians with respect to z axis12OPTH 规定光线到面的距离Optical path length13DXDX “X”向光瞳”X”向像差倒数Derivative of transverse x-aberration with respect to x-pupil coordinate14DXDY “Y”向光瞳”X”向像差倒数Derivative of transverse x-aberration with respect to y-pupil coordinate15DYDX “X”向光瞳”Y”向像差倒数Derivative of transverse y-aberration with respect to x-pupil coordinate16DYDY “Y”向光瞳”Y”向像差倒数Derivative of transverse y-aberration with respect to y-pupil coordinate17RETX 实际光线”X”向正交Real ray x-direction ray tangent (slope) at the surface defined by Surf at the wavelength defined byWave18RETY 实际光线”Y”向正交Real ray y-direction ray tangent (slope) at the surface defined by Surf at the wavelength defined byWave19RAGX 全局光线”X”坐标Global ray x-coordinate20RAGY 全局光线”Y”坐标Global ray y-coordinate21RAGZ 全局光线”Z”坐标Global ray z-coordinate22RAGA 全局光线”X”余弦Global ray x-direction cosine23RAGB 全局光线”Y”余弦Global ray y-direction cosine24RAGC 全局光线”Z”余弦Global ray z-direction cosine25RAIN 入射实际光线角Real ray angle of incidence变更系统数据1CONF 结构参数Configuration2PRIM主波长ary wavelength3SVIG设置渐晕系数Sets the vignetting factors for the current configuration一般操作数for all layers1SUMM两个操作数求和0 2OSUM合计两个操作数之间的所有数Sums the values of all operands between the two operands defined by Op#1 and Op#2 3DIFF两个操作数之间的差raction encircled, ensquared, x only, or y only (enslitted) energy defined by Frac 4PROD两个操作数值之间的积Product of two operands (Op#1 X Op#2)5DIVI两个操作数相除Division of first by second operand (Op#1 / Op#2)6SQRT操作数的平方根Square root of the operand defined by Op#7OPGT操作数大于Operand greater than8OPLT操作数小于Operand less than9CONS常数值truction systems used to define an optically fabricated hologram10QSUM所有统计值的平方根Quadratic sum11EQUA等于操作数Equal operand12MINN返回操作数的最小变化范围013MAXX返回操作数的最大变化范围Returns the largest value within the indicated range of operands defined by Op#1 and Op#214ACOS操作数反余弦Arccosine of the value of the operand defined by Op#15ASIN操作数反正弦Arcsine of the value of the operand defined by Op#16ATAN操作数反正切Arctangent of the value of the operand defined by Op# 17COSI操作数余弦Cosine of the value of the operand defined by Op#18SINE操作数正弦Sine of the value of the operand defined by Op#19TANG操作数正切ential EFL use Data = 12ZPL宏指令优化1ZPLM Used for optimizing numerical results computed in ZPL macros 像面控制操作数1RELI像面相对亮度Relative illumination。