商法导论 期中答案

国际商法导论练习试卷1(题后含答案及解析)全部题型 2. 多项选择题3. 判断题4. 名词解释7. 简答题多项选择题1．传统的商法主要包括( )。

A．公司法B．票据法C．海商法D．保险法E．产品责任法正确答案：A,B,C,D 涉及知识点：国际商法导论2．下列国家中，属于大陆法系的是( )。

A．法国B．德国C．美国D．意大利E．日本正确答案：A,B,D,E 涉及知识点：国际商法导论3．大陆法中的公法包括( )。

A．民法B．宪法C．行政法D．刑法E．诉讼法正确答案：B,C,D,E 涉及知识点：国际商法导论4．大陆法的渊源主要有( )。

A．法律B．法理C．习惯D．判例E．法典正确答案：A,C,E 涉及知识点：国际商法导论5．英国的成文法包括( )。

A．国会制订的法律B．制定法C．行政机关按法律制定的先例D．行政法规E．民法典正确答案：A,B,C,D 涉及知识点：国际商法导论6．美国州法院中属于第一审法院的是( )。

A．州上诉审法院B．州最高法院C．有限管辖法院D．普通管辖法院E．联邦最高法院正确答案：C,D 涉及知识点：国际商法导论7．19世纪上半叶确立起来的“先例约束力的原则”，在( )适用。

A．法国B．德国C．英国D．美国E．日本正确答案：C,D 涉及知识点：国际商法导论8．衡平法是英国法二元性结构的一部分，对衡平法正确的理解为( )。

A．它是判例法B．它不是判例法C．其作用是补充和匡正普通法的不足D．是枢密大臣按照所谓“公平与正义”的原则作出的判例E．衡平法与普通法在法律术语上有较大的差异正确答案：A,C,D,E 涉及知识点：国际商法导论9．各国缔结的有关国际商事和贸易的国际条约或公约是国际商法的重要渊源之一。

它可以分为两个种类，即( )。

A．产品责任适用法律公约B．统一实体法规则的国际公约C．冲突法规则的国际条约D．1978年《国际海上货物运输公约》E．国际贸易惯例正确答案：B,C 涉及知识点：国际商法导论10．国际贸易惯例是国际商法的另一个重要渊源，并在国际贸易中起着十分重要的作用。

1 List the main sources of modern Scot law列出现在苏格兰人的主要来源的法律1.statutory sources of law 法定的法律渊源a.acts of parliament 国会法案，议会法案b.delegated legislation 授权立法c.european union law 欧盟法mon law sources 普通法来源a.judical precedent 司法判例b.Custom 风俗习惯c.Equity 公平公正d.institutional writings 制度著作2 A what's meant by the Doctrine of judicial Precedent ?司法判例的定义The judgement made by a superior court is the foundation of inferior court to judge a similar case.If a new statute comes out,the court should take the new statute as foundation.With the improvement of legislation,statue would become more and more,but juridical precedents will be decrease.B Give an example of a judicial precedent 举一个判例的例子3 A which's the superior legislation body?这是一个卓越的立法机构The westminster parliament or the scottish parliament?威斯敏斯特议会和苏格兰议会？The westminster parliament is the superior legislation body.他威斯敏斯特议会是立法机构的上级B explain your choice of answer in part A 解释你的一个例子The UK Parliament is the superior legislative body. The Scottish Parliament is not a completely independent legislative body and its power to make laws come from the UK parliament. The Scottish parliament is a inferior body, and any legislativeefficacy is a secondary legislation. The UK parliament can disband the Scottish Parliament or overrule the acts of Scottish Parliament by only one act.4 what's a statute? 什么是法律Statute is consist of acts of parliament,法律由议会法令delegated legislation and European Union law.授权立法与欧洲联盟法律。

H N D商法导论O u t c o m e2案例+答案(总5页)--本页仅作为文档封面，使用时请直接删除即可----内页可以根据需求调整合适字体及大小--Case study 1Samir sees a set of golf clubs displayed in a shop window for ￡500. He enters the shop and states he will take the clubs. The shopkeeper however says the clubs are no longer for sale. Samir is demanding that he be sold the clubs and at the price displayed.Identify the essential requirements of a contract and discuss whether a contract exists here.A contract is an agreement between parties having the capacity to make it, in the form demanded by the law, to perform, on one side or both, acts which are not trifling, indeterminate, impossible or illegal, creating an obligation enforceable in a court of law. A valid contract has three essential features: there must be a agreement on all material aspects; at least two contracting parties and legal obligations.A contract consists of an offer and an acceptance. If there is no offer in the first place then there can be no contract. The basic elements of a contract include an offer and an acceptance.In the case Samir sees a set of golf clubs displayed in a shop window for ￡500. He enters the shop and states he will take the clubs. But shopkeeper says the clubs are no longer for sale. Samir is demanding that he be sold the clubs and at the price displayed.According to this case we can say that these is not exist a contract. In the case that a set of golf clubs are exhibited in a shop window, thus it is not an offer. Because the goods displayed in a shop window as a invitation to treat, we can know that goods displayed in a shop window (even when priced) are classed as a willingness to negotiate on the shops part. Invitations to treat also is considered to inquiry the price of goods, means a party to invite the other person to make offers. Different an offer, a willingness to negotiate only as prepared to make a contract of behavior on the issue who is not legally binding. The customer will make the offer to buy the goods which the shop are perfectly within their rights to refuse. The invitations to treat are not legally classed as offers and therefore cannot be accepted.Before the party who gave off the invitations to treat could not accept the other people’s offers they can revocation, and then the contract is not build. When Samir asked to buy the golf clubs the shopkeeper refused hin, and there was no acceptance. So when the shopkeeper refused Samir which is a set of golf clubs are not the good for sale, it just be used as ornament, and attracted the consumers interested. So an offer in this case is not found, either nor contract consists of an offer and an acceptance, we can know that there is on offer and there is on contract.Case study 2Tom is the top salesman for ABC Motors. He has been offered a job by a rival company but is concerned because there is a clause in his contract which prevents him from working for any other car company for five years.Tom is the top salesman because he regularly tells potential customers what they like to hear rather than the facts. He has done this in relation to ages of vehicles, odometer readings and vehicle service histories.Tom recently completed a deal to buy a vintage sports car for ABC Motors from now discover that Barry (not his real name) had stolen the vehicle.Question 1What is a restrictive covenant Advise Tom as to the legality of the clause in his contract.You can refer to Bluebell Apparel Ltd v Dickinson (1980) on page 146Question 2How would you classify Tom’s statements to the customers and what are the possible consequences for Tom and ABC motors in relation to these statements You can refer to Smith v Sim(1954) on page 161Question 3What is the legal position with regard to the vehicle which Tom has purchased from BarryYou can refer to Morrison v Robertson(1908) on page 1531 Restrictive covenant is a agreement which restrict the party liberty to work and trade. Such contracts are VOID unless the restriction can be shown to be reasonable to both parties involved and to the general public. There are three types of restrictive covenants: contracts between employer and employee, contracts between sellers and purchaser of a business and ‘solus’ agreements. For all three types, the party attempting to enforce the agreement must prove that it is reasonable to both parties concerned and to the general public. If they are unable to do this then the contract will be considered void and unenforceable. (from the text bookP142-142) This contract are legality, and the restriction was fair in this contract. Because the relationship of Tom and ABC motor is employer and employee, when enter employment and employee may agree to some restriction being placed on his future employment or trade. Later the employee may feel the restriction is unfair and therefore he may break it. In such circumstances it would be up to the employer take him to court and seek an ‘interdict’ forbidding the employee to break the agreement. They will consider the factor the nature of the job the employee was doing(from the text book P142). If Tom worked for any other company within the validity period of the contract that he would be in a position to harm his ex employers.2 The 4 main causes of error are: innocent misrepresentation, fraudulent misrepresentation, negligent misrepresentation and concealment of facts. And Tom’s statements to customersclassify fraudulent misrepresentation,A false and material statement which induces a party to enter into a contract this is misrepresentation. Because he regularly tells potential customers what they like to hear rather than the facts and him without caring whether it is true or false. Fraudulent misrepresentation can lead a contract being madevoid if it involved these points,first is fraudulent misrepresentation causes error in the substantials. Second is the other party relied on the misrepresentation and it was a major influence on them entering the contract, third is the other party can offer restitutio in integrum. So the contracts between Tom and customers is void, he relied on the misrepresentation and it was a major influence on them entering the contract, thus customers can acquire compensation. Or cancel the contract or both of them.3 Tom brought a car from Barry,but Tom discovered that Barry had stolen the vehicle. And in this contract has a error which made the contract void, the Barry stolen the car but Tom did not know before him brought, so he can not get the car’s ownership. An error concerning the identity of the parties. Barry stolen the car so he haven’t ownership of this car and sold car, therefore, he can not give ownership to Tom, and Tom does not get the car’ ownership actually. And in this case Tom can only lodge a claim to Barry.Case study 3Martina recently attended an auction for the first time. She was very keen(渴望的) on a particular painting and when the bidding commenced（开始） she got so carried away that she bid much more than she intended. Martina won the auction but with fees（费用） and commissions（佣金） added on to the price, she cannot pay the full amount for the painting.Question 1What do you understand by the term ‘breach of contract’ Give two examples. Question 2List the main remedies available for breach of contract.Question 3What is the most appropriate remedy for the auctioneer（拍卖商） in this case 1、Where one party fails to fulfil his or her legal obligation under a contract.(from the text book P183)example1Tony and Jane have a contract where Tony will pay June $100 for her car and delivery. Tony pays the $100 but Jane fails to delivery.(from the text book P197) In this case study there has been a Breach of Contract by Jane as she has failed to delivery the car.Example2Shirley and Oliva have a contract where Shirley brought a cake from Oliva for her friend and asked Oliva sent the cake to her friend on 12th December 2012 , but on that day her friend did not receive the cake.In this case study there has been a breach od contract by Oliva as she failed to sent the cake.2、If there is a breach of contract then the innocent party will have the right to seek a remedy for the breach.(from the text book P184)Damages as a remedy for breach of contract. The object of awarding damages to someone is to place them in the position they would have been in had the contract been completed.So damages are really awarded as compensation- if the party has actually lost money as a result of the breach then he will be awarded ‘substantial’or ‘compensatory’ damages.In some cases no actually loss may have been incurred as a result of the breach. If is still possible that damages may be awarded for trouble and inconvenience-these are know as ‘nominal’ damages.(from the text book P185)Specific implement as a remedy for breach of contractSpecific implement is to stop someone for acting in breach of contract. So specific implement may be positive---forcing someone who has been in breach to fulfil their obligations or negative ---forcing someone who has been in breach to stop doing something. (from the text book P191-192)Rescission as remedy for breach of contract.Rescission means cancellation . With this remedy, the innocent party has the right to rescind(cancel) the contract if the other party has been guilty of a material breach of contract.The main factor to be considered is what is meant by a material of contract. Ifthe breach is not material but only partial then the right of rescission does not exist.Many contracts contains a number of conditions, some of which are more important than others.If the contract specifically states that some are material then breach of these will mean that rescission can be taken as a remedy.(from the text book P193-194)The Defensive Remedies for breach od contractThere are two defensive remedies that can be taken by the party who is not in breach.①Lien:If a person has possession(占有) of an article(物品) on which he has been employed to do work then he can refuse to return the article to its owner until payment is made for the work done.Example of situations where lien could be used as a remedy for breach of contract include:②Retention:This is the right to refuse to pay a debt which is due(到期的).Retention can only be used under the following two circumstances:ⅰwhere compensation can be pleaded.(债权确定、到期)ⅱwhere both claims arise under the sameWhat is the most appropriate remedy for the auctioneer（拍卖商） in this case 3、in this case the defensive remedies in the most appropriate method for the auctioneer. The defensive remedies include lien and retention, the auctioneer should take lien measure. If a person has possession of an article on which he has been employed to do work then he can refuse to return the article to its owner until payment is made for the work done.As a result of Martina won the auction but with fees and commissions added on to the price, she cannot pay the full amount for the painting, the auctioneer can keep the painting until Martina paid off the rest of money.。

《商法》考试题及答案一、单项选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. 根据《公司法》，公司设立时必须具备的条件是（）。

A. 有符合规定的注册资本B. 有符合规定的经营范围C. 有符合规定的公司名称D. 有符合规定的公司章程答案：D2. 股份有限公司的股东大会是公司的（）。

A. 最高权力机构B. 最高执行机构C. 最高监督机构D. 最高决策机构答案：A3. 有限责任公司的股东以其（）为限对公司承担责任。

A. 个人全部财产B. 认缴的出资额C. 实际出资额D. 公司注册资本答案：B4. 根据《合伙企业法》，普通合伙人对合伙企业债务承担（）。

A. 有限责任B. 无限责任C. 连带责任D. 按份责任答案：C5. 商业银行的资本充足率不得低于（）。

A. 4%B. 8%C. 10%D. 12%答案：C6. 根据《证券法》，证券公司不得从事的行为是（）。

A. 证券承销B. 证券经纪C. 证券自营D. 非法集资答案：D7. 根据《保险法》，保险公司的资金运用必须遵循的原则是（）。

A. 盈利性原则B. 安全性原则C. 流动性原则D. 灵活性原则答案：B8. 根据《合同法》，合同的解除是指（）。

A. 合同的终止B. 合同的变更C. 合同的撤销D. 合同的无效答案：A9. 根据《破产法》，破产财产的分配顺序是（）。

A. 破产费用、职工工资、税款、普通债权B. 职工工资、破产费用、税款、普通债权C. 破产费用、税款、职工工资、普通债权D. 破产费用、职工工资、普通债权、税款答案：A10. 根据《票据法》，汇票的持票人对出票人的权利时效是（）。

A. 2年B. 3年C. 5年D. 10年答案：B二、多项选择题（每题3分，共30分）11. 根据《公司法》，下列哪些情形下，股东可以请求公司收购其股份？（）A. 公司合并B. 公司分立C. 公司减少注册资本D. 公司连续五年盈利但未分配利润答案：A, B, C12. 根据《合伙企业法》，下列哪些情形下，合伙人可以退伙？（）A. 合伙协议约定的退伙事由出现B. 经全体合伙人一致同意C. 合伙人丧失偿债能力D. 合伙人死亡或者被宣告死亡答案：A, B, C, D13. 根据《证券法》，下列哪些行为属于内幕交易？（）A. 利用未公开信息进行证券交易B. 泄露未公开信息C. 利用职务便利获取未公开信息D. 利用他人未公开信息进行证券交易答案：A, B, C, D14. 根据《保险法》，下列哪些情形下，保险合同无效？（）A. 投保人故意隐瞒重要情况B. 投保人未如实告知重要情况C. 保险人未履行明确说明义务D. 保险合同违反法律、行政法规的强制性规定答案：A, B, C, D15. 根据《合同法》，下列哪些情形下，合同可以解除？（）A. 合同目的不能实现B. 合同当事人协商一致C. 合同当事人一方违约D. 合同当事人一方死亡答案：A, B, C16. 根据《破产法》，下列哪些财产属于破产财产？（）A. 破产申请受理时属于债务人的全部财产B. 破产申请受理后至破产程序终结前债务人取得的财产C. 债务人的债权D. 债务人的知识产权答案：A, B, C, D17. 根据《票据法》，下列哪些行为属于票据欺诈？（）A. 伪造票据B. 变造票据C. 冒用他人名义签发票据D. 签发空头支票答案：A, B, C, D18. 根据《反垄断法》，下列哪些行为属于垄断行为？（）A. 经营者达成垄断协议B. 经营者滥用市场支配地位C. 经营者限制竞争的经营者集中D. 行政机关滥用行政权力排除、限制竞争答案：A, B, C, D19. 根据《消费者权益保护法》，下列哪些情形下，消费者可以要求退货？（）A. 商品存在质量问题B. 商品不符合约定C. 商品不符合安全标准D. 商品不符合环保要求答案：A, B, C, D20. 根据《知识产权法》，下列哪些属于知识产权的客体？（）A. 发明B. 商标C. 著作权D. 专利答案：A, B, C, D三、判断题（每题2分，共20分）21. 有限责任公司的股东会是公司的权力机构。

Outcome Covered 1Assessment task instructionsCandidates will be given one closed-book exercise consisting of ten restricted response questions for the assessment of Outcome 1. This exercise should take candidates approximately 30-45 minutes to complete.考生将获得1闭卷行使十个评估的结果1限制反应的问题组成。

这项工作应采取的候选人约30-45分钟才能完成。

分钟才能完成。

1 List the main sources of modern Scots Law.1名单现代苏格兰法律的主要来源。

名单现代苏格兰法律的主要来源。

Statute law, common law and European Union law2(a) What is meant by the doctrine of judicial precedent?2（一）什么是司法先例原则？（一）什么是司法先例原则？2(b) Give an example of a judicial precedent.2（b ）给出了一个司法先例的例子。

）给出了一个司法先例的例子。

3(a) Which is the superior legislative body: the Westminster Parliament or the Scottish Parliament?3（一），这是上级立法机构：威斯敏斯特议会或苏格兰，这是上级立法机构：威斯敏斯特议会或苏格兰议会？议会？3(b) Explain your choice of answer in part (a) above.3（b ）解释第（一）项的选择你的答案。

商法考试试题及答案免费一、单项选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. 商法调整的对象是（）。

A. 企业内部关系B. 企业与消费者的关系C. 企业与企业之间的关系D. 企业与政府的关系答案：C2. 根据商法规定，下列哪项不属于商事主体的资格条件？（）A. 依法成立B. 有独立的财产C. 有固定的经营场所D. 必须有法人资格答案：D3. 商事行为的法律效力不包括以下哪项？（）A. 合同的签订B. 债权的转让C. 物权的转移D. 行政责任的承担答案：D4. 商事登记的目的是（）。

A. 保护消费者权益B. 保护债权人利益C. 维护交易安全D. 以上都是答案：D5. 下列哪项不是商事代理的特征？（）A. 代理行为的独立性B. 代理行为的合法性C. 代理行为的有偿性D. 代理行为的无因性答案：C6. 商事合同的解除条件不包括以下哪项？（）A. 合同目的无法实现B. 合同双方协商一致C. 合同一方违约D. 合同一方破产答案：D7. 商事担保的种类不包括以下哪项？（）A. 保证B. 抵押C. 质押D. 留置答案：D8. 商事仲裁与民事诉讼的主要区别在于（）。

A. 仲裁程序更加灵活B. 仲裁程序更加严格C. 仲裁程序更加公开D. 仲裁程序更加正式答案：A9. 下列哪项不是商事合同的基本原则？（）A. 自愿原则B. 平等原则C. 公平原则D. 强制原则答案：D10. 商法中的“善意”原则是指（）。

A. 合同双方应诚实守信B. 合同双方应遵守法律规定C. 合同双方应以善意为前提D. 合同双方应以公平为原则答案：A二、多项选择题（每题3分，共15分）1. 商事主体的法律地位包括（）。

A. 独立的法人资格B. 独立的财产权C. 独立的经营权D. 独立的诉讼权答案：ABCD2. 商事行为的法律效力包括（）。

A. 合同的签订B. 债权的转让C. 物权的转移D. 行政责任的承担答案：ABC3. 商事登记的作用包括（）。

A. 保护消费者权益B. 保护债权人利益C. 维护交易安全D. 维护市场秩序答案：ABCD4. 商事代理的特征包括（）。

《商法》考试题及答案导语：商法具有调整行为的营利性特征，又具有商主体严格法定等原那么。

下面是为大家的《商法》考试题及答案，欢送阅读。

1．我国合伙企业实际上就是无限责任公司。

( )2．我国参加和成认的关于公司法律制度的国际条约，属于公司法的范畴。

( )3．共享利润和共担风险是合伙关系的根本准那么。

( )4．企业破产案件由债务人所在地的人民法院管辖，当企业的地与主要办事机构所在地不一致时，应当以前者为准。

() 5．由于破产案件的特殊性，对于已经超过诉讼时效的债权，人民法院也会予以保护。

( )6．非票据关系是相对于票据关系而言的一种法律关系，它也是基于票据本身而发生的。

( )7．票据伪造人假设没有在票据上签署自己的真实姓名，就不需要承当任何责任。

( )8．承兑提示也是票据行为的一种。

( )9．证券期货交易的标的是证券期货合约。

( )10．在全国范围内开办保险业务的保险公司，其实收货币资本金不低于5亿元人民币。

( )1．依据我国票据法的规定，属于汇票绝对记载事项的有哪些?( )A. 票据种类的文句 B．无条件付款的文句C. 出票日期 D．付款日期2．以下选项中属于保险法根本原那么的有哪些?( )A. 保险利益原那么 B．最大诚信原那么C. 公平公正原那么 D．损害赔偿原那么3．以下关于证券法的描述中，错误的选项是哪些?( )A．证券法是实体法和程序法的结合 B．证券法多为任意性标准C. 证券法属商事范畴，是商事一般法 D．证券法是国内法，不具有国际性4．合伙企业法对合伙人忠实义务的规定包括以下哪几项内容?( )A. 竞业制止 B．交易制止C. 制止提交虚假帐目 D．制止泄露企业商业秘密A. 甲工厂主张抵消40万元：“破产案件受理前，中大公司欠我厂设备货款100万元。

中大公司曾退回我厂一台质量不合掐的机器，其已付价金为40万元，双方达成协议揎退货处理。

”B．乙公司主张抵消80万元：“我公司欠中大公司工程款180万元，在中大公司破产宣告后，华兴公司将其对中大公司的80万元债权转移给我公司，以抵偿其欠我公司的债务。

《商法》考试题及答案一、单项选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. 根据《公司法》规定，有限责任公司的股东出资额不得低于公司注册资本的（）。

A. 10%B. 20%C. 30%D. 40%答案：B2. 商业秘密的保护不包括以下哪项内容？（）A. 技术信息B. 经营信息C. 个人隐私D. 管理方法答案：C3. 以下哪项不是公司合并时必须遵循的原则？（）A. 公平原则B. 自愿原则C. 强制原则D. 合法原则答案：C4. 股份有限公司的设立方式不包括（）。

A. 发起设立B. 募集设立C. 收购设立D. 承继设立答案：C5. 以下哪项不是公司章程应当载明的事项？（）A. 公司名称和住所B. 公司经营范围C. 公司注册资本D. 公司法定代表人的个人履历答案：D6. 公司对外提供担保时，必须经过（）的决议。

A. 董事会B. 监事会C. 股东大会D. 经理办公会答案：C7. 根据《合同法》，以下哪项不是合同无效的情形？（）A. 以合法形式掩盖非法目的B. 损害社会公共利益C. 违反法律、行政法规的强制性规定D. 合同当事人未达成一致答案：D8. 以下哪项不是公司解散的情形？（）A. 公司章程规定的营业期限届满B. 股东会决议解散C. 公司合并或者分立需要解散D. 公司被吊销营业执照答案：D9. 根据《反不正当竞争法》，以下哪项不属于不正当竞争行为？（）A. 商业贿赂B. 侵犯商业秘密C. 虚假宣传D. 合理降价销售商品答案：D10. 以下哪项不是公司财务会计报告应当包括的内容？（）A. 资产负债表B. 利润表C. 现金流量表D. 股东名册答案：D二、多项选择题（每题3分，共15分）1. 根据《公司法》，以下哪些事项需要召开股东大会？（）A. 修改公司章程B. 增加或者减少注册资本C. 公司合并、分立、解散D. 选举董事答案：ABC2. 以下哪些属于公司对外投资的限制？（）A. 投资总额不得超过公司净资产的50%B. 投资于其他公司，不得超过被投资公司注册资本的30%C. 投资于非关联企业，不得超过公司净资产的20%D. 投资于关联企业，不得超过公司净资产的30%答案：ABD3. 以下哪些情形下，公司可以不召开股东大会而直接作出决议？（）A. 公司章程规定B. 股东人数较少C. 股东之间有书面协议D. 股东大会授权董事会答案：CD4. 以下哪些属于公司董事、监事、高级管理人员的义务？（）A. 遵守公司章程B. 维护公司利益C. 不得利用职务之便为自己谋取私利D. 不得泄露公司商业秘密答案：ABCD5. 以下哪些属于公司债券的特点？（）A. 债券是一种债务凭证B. 债券持有人享有优先受偿权C. 债券可以转让D. 债券持有人享有公司剩余财产分配权答案：AC三、简答题（每题10分，共20分）1. 简述公司设立的条件。