工商管理英语课后习题答案汇总

MBA工商管理硕士考试英语备考练习题及答案（六）Section I V ocabulary (10 points)Directions:There are 20 incomplete sentences in this section. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence and mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.1．His wife has been _______a lot of pressure on him to change his job．A．taking B．exerting C．giving D．pushing2．It is estimated that，currently, about 50，000 species become _____every year．A．extinct B．instinct C．distinct D．intense3．John says that his present job does not provide him with enough ______for his organizing ability．scope B．space C．capacity D．range4．Many _______will be opened up in the future for those with a university education．A．probabilities B．realities C．necessities D．opportunities5．After his uncle died，the young man _____the beautiful estate with which he changed from a poor man to a wealthy noble．A．inhabited B．inherited C．inhibited D．inhaled6．The manager is calling on a______ customer trying to talk him into signing the contract．A．prosperous B．preliminary C．pessimistic D．prospective7．In 1991，while t11e economies of industrialized countries met an economic_____，the economies of developing countries were growing very fast．A．revival B．repression C．recession D．recovery8．The destruction of the twin towers _________shock and anger throughout the world．A．summoned B．tempted C provoked D．stumbled9．About 20 of the passengers who were injured in a plane crash are said to be in_____condition．A．decisive B．urgent C．vital D．critical10．The interactions between China and the US will surely have a significant _______on peace and stability in the Asia．—Pacific region and the world as a wholeA．importance B．impression C．impact D．implication11．The poor countries are extremely _______to international economic fluctuations-A．inclined B．vulnerable C．attracted D．reduced12．Applicants should note that all positions are——to Australian citizenship requirements．A．subject B．subjective C．objected D．objective13．We aim to ensure that all candidates are treated fairly and that they have equal______to employment opportunities．A．entrance B．entry C．access D．admission14．Successful learning is not a(n)________activity but consists of four distinct stages in a specific orderA．only B．sole C．mere D．single15．The opportunity to explore and play and the encouragement to do so Can________the performance of many children．A．withhold B．prevent C．enhance D．justify16．All her hard work __________in the end．，and she finally passed the exam A．showed off B．paid off C．1eft off D．kept off17．In order to live the kind of life we want and to be the person we want to be，we haveto do more than just ________with events．A．put sup B．set up C．turn up D．make up18．The team played hard because the championship of the state was______.A．at hand B．at stake C．at large D．at best19．I don’t think you'll change his mind；once he’s decided on so something he tendsto _____it.A．stick to B．abide by C．comply with D．keep on20．Tom placed the bank notes，_________the change and receipts，back in the drawer．A. more thanB. but for C．thanks to D. along withSection II Cloze (10 points)Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1.Advancing age means losing your hair, your waistline and your memory，right ? Dana Denis is just 40 years old，but 21 she’s worried about what she calls’my rolling mental blackouts.””I try to remember something and I just blank out，”she saysYou may 22 about these lapses，calling them ”senior moments ”or blaming "early Alzheimer’s (老年痴呆症)．”Is it an inescapable fact that the older you get，the 23 you24 problems that are not remember? Well, sort of．But as time goes by, we tend to blame agenecessarily age—related．“When a teenager can’t find her keys，she thinks it's because she’s distracted or disorganized，”says Paul Gold．“A 70-year-old blames her 25 ．”In fact，the 70-year-old may have been 26 things for decades．In healthy people，memory doesn’t worsen as 27 as many of us think．“As we28 ，the memory mechanism isn’t 29 ，”says psychologist Fergus Craik．”It’s just inefficient．”The brain’s processing 30 slows down over the years，though no one knows exactly32 there’s less activity in the 31. Recent research suggests that nerve cells lose efficiency andbrain．But，cautions Barry Gordon，”It's not clear that less activity is 33 ．A beginning athleteis winded（气喘吁吁）more easily than a 34 athlete．In the same way, 35 the brain gets more skilled at a task，it expends less energy on it.”There are 36 you can take to compensate for normal slippage in your memory gears，though it 3 7 effort．Margaret Sewell says：”We’re a quick-fix culture, but you have to 38 to keep your brain. 3 9 shape．It’s like having a good body．You Can’t go to the gym once a year 40 expect to stay in top form.”21．A. almost B. seldom C. already D. never22．A. joke B. laugh C. blame D. criticize23．A. much B. little C. more D. less24．A. since B. for C. by D. because25．A. memory B. mind C. trouble D. health26．A. disorganizing B. misplacing C. putting D. finding27．A. swiftly B. frequently C. timely D. quickly28．A．mature B. advance C. age D. grow29．A. broken B. poor C. perfectD. working30．A. pattern B. time C. space D. information31．A . why B. how C. what D. when32．A. since B. hence C. that D. although33．A. irregular B. better C. normal D. worse34．A. famous B. senior C. popular D. trained35．A. as B. till C. though D. yet36．A. stages B. steps C. advantages D. purposes37．A. makes B. takes C. does D. spends38．A. rest B. come C. work D. study39．A. to B. for C. on D. in40．A. so B. or C. and D. ifSection III Reading comprehension (40 points)Directions:Read the following four passages. Answer the questions below each passage by choosing A, B, C and D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.Passage OnePrior to the 20th century, many languages with small numbers of speakers survived for centuries. The increasingly interconnected modern world makes it much more difficult for small language communities to live in relative isolation, a key factor in language maintenance and preservation.It remains to be seen whether the world can maintain its linguistic and cultural diversity in the centuries ahead. Many powerful forces appear to work against it :population growth, which pushes migrant populations into the world’s last isolated locations; mass tourism; global telecommunications and mass media; and the spread of gigantic global corporations. All of these forces appear to signify a future in which the language of advertising, popular culture, and consumer products become similar. Already English and a few other major tongues have emergedd communication. For many of the world’s peoples, learningas global languages of commerce anone of these languages is viewed as the key to education, economic opportunity, and a better way of life.Only about 3,000 languages now in use are expected to survive the coming century. Are most of the rest doomed in the century after that?Whether most of these languages survive will probably depend on how strongly cultural groups wish to keep their identity alive through a native language. To do so will require an emphasis on bilingualism（mastery of two languages）. Bilingual speakers could use their own language in smaller spheres---at home, among friends, in community settings---and a global language at work, in dealings with government, and in commercial spheres. In this way, manysmall languages could sustain their cultural and linguistic integrity alongside global languages,rather than yield to the homogenizing（同化的）forces of globalization.Ironically, the trend of technological innovation that has threatened minority languages could also help save them. For example, some experts predict that computer software translation tools will one day permit minority language speakers to browse the Internet using their native tongues. Linguists are currently using computer—aided learning tools to teach a variety of threatened languages.For many endangered languages, the line between revival and death is extremely thin. Language is remarkably resilient（有活力的）,however. It is not just a tool for communicating, but also a powerful way of separating different groups, or of demonstrating group identity. Many indigenous（原生的，土著的）communities have shown that it is possible to live in the modern world while reclaiming their unique identities through language.41.Minority languages can be best preserved in __________.A．an increasingly interconnected worldB．maintaining small numbers of speakersC．relatively isolated language communitiesD．following the tradition of the 20th century42.According to Paragraph 2, that the world can maintain its linguistic diversity in the future is _______.A．uncertain B．unrealistic C．foreseeable D．definite43.According to the author, bilingualism can help_________.A．small languages become acceptable in work placesB．homogenize the world’s languages and culturesC．global languages reach home and community settingsD．speakers maintain their linguistic and cultural identityputer technology is helpful for preserving minority languages in thatit_________.A．makes learning a global language unnecessaryB．facilitates the learning and using of those languagesC．raises public awareness of saving those languagesD．makes it easier for linguists to study those languages45.In the author’s view, many endangered languages are________.A．remarkably well-kept in this modern worldB．exceptionally powerful tools of communicationC．quite possible to be revived instead of dying outD．a unique way of bringing different groups togetherPassage TwoEveryone，it seems，has a health problem。

模拟试题（一）参考答案及分析Part I1.C2.C3.B4.A5.B6.D7.D8.A9.D 10.BPart IISection A11. D[注释] b uy v.买coin v.铸币；创造purchase v.购买manufacture v.制造；加工[句意] 这个手表是手工制造的，不是机器制造的，所以很昂贵。

12. C[注释] d iffer v.使不同recognize v.认出distinguish v.区别defeat v.击败；战胜[句意] 这两匹马看起来这么像以至于我都无法区分了。

13. D[注释] f ailure n.失败fashion n.时尚process n.过程crisis n.危机[句意] 在政治危机期间，这个公司的董事长非常镇定。

14. C[注释] occasion n. 情况vain adj.徒劳moisture n.湿度deck n.装饰[句意] 湿度通常是摄像机镜头的主要敌人。

15. C[注释] dash v.猛击；冲撞cell n.细胞crew n.全体船员gay n.同性恋者[句意] 在60个小时的努力挣扎后，全体船员离开了船。

16. C[注释] insect n. 昆虫；卑鄙的人human n.人类inhabitant n.居民；居住者flight v. 迁徙[句意] 在我们去北京的路上，我们参观了西安，一个两百万居民的城市，并在那呆了两天。

17. C[注释] gathers v.聚集hire v.雇佣discharge v.排放escape v.逃跑[句意] 空气污染的主要原因之一是许多汽车向空气排放那个烟雾。

18. A[注释] cable v.打电报cage v.把关进笼子border n.边界；国界bay n.海湾。

[句意] 不要忘记打电报告诉我们,你们已经安全到达了。

19. D[注释] signal n.信号call n.电话；摄影clue n. 线索hint n.暗示；线索[句意] 她给了他一个暗示，她不能来他的宴会了。

一、名词解释1. The plan of action is, at one and the same time, the result envisaged, the line of action to be followed, the stages to go through, and methods to use.2. Human needs are states of felt deprivation. Humans have manly complex needs. These include basic physical needs for food, clothing, warmth, and safety; social needs for belonging and affection; and individual needs for knowledge and self-expression.3. Customer value is the difference between the values the customer gains from owning and using a product and the costs of obtaining the product.4. Place, another key marketing-mix tool, includes the various activities the company undertakes to make the product accessible and available to target customers.5. Group technology is a concept that currently is attracting a lot of attention from the manufacturing community.6. Issuing bank is obligated to honor drawings under the L/C regardless of the buyer’s ability or willingness to pay.7. Letter of credit is an instrument issued by a bank on behalf of the importer (buyer) promising to pay the exporter (beneficiary)upon presentation of shipping documents in compliance with the terms stipulated therein.8. Leader ship is a personal relationship in which one person directs, coordinates, and supervises others in the performance of a common task.9. Advising bank. The correspondent bank in the beneficiary’s country to which the issuing bank sends the L/C is commonly referred to as the “advising”.10. Marketing mix is one of the key concepts in modern marketing theory. Marketing mix is the set of marketing tools that the firm uses to pursue its marketing objectives in the target market.11. Total quality management means a comprehensive approach to quality by everyone in an organization to provide customers with reliable products and services.二、简答1. What are the features of a good plan of action? P30一个好的行动计划有什么特点：（1）统一性，即一个既能面向整体又能顾及各个部分的行动计划。

工商管理专业英语答案【篇一：工商管理专业英语(郑琦,华东师范大学出版社)课后习题及翻译】翻译contingent dynamic conflict compromise interdependent reliancepopularitysufficientinsightsgeneralizememoirsclassic management sciencebehavioralintegrate sole1、the managers described their own experiences and triedto (generalize) the principles they believed could be applied in similar situations.管理人员描述了自己的经历和试图推广的原则，他们认为可以应用在类似的情况下。

2、even today ,a great deal of what we know about management comes from the autobiographies and （memoirs）of men and women who are or have been practicing managers.甚至在今天, 我们所了解的管理学也都出自于那些管理人员的自传和论文集。

3、according to the text ,the three well-establishedapproaches to management thought are the (classical) approach ,which focuses on the task of managing work and organizations ;the (behavioral) approach ,which focuses on the task of managing people;and the (managementscience)approach,which focus on the task of production and operations.根据本文，管理思想中有三个行之有效的方法，分别是古典方法、行为方法和管理学科学方法，其中古典方法专注于管理工作和组织的任务,行为方法专注于管理人的任务，管理学科学方法专注于生产和运营的任务。

北邮网络学院工商管理英语练习题答案1一、阅读理解（共1道小题，共25.0分）Sixty-year-old grandmother, Fiona McFee, is going to stop working next year and she decided to realize a childhood dream and sail around the coast of Scotland in a small boat. Although the inside of the boat is very cosy, it has no running water or electricity. Fiona says she can live without these things but she plans to take her small CD player, her hot water bottle and a bag of books to make sure life isn’t too uncomfortable.We asked her if she was afraid of being at sea for so long. She said, “Well, I’m going to take a good compass (指南针). Anyway I’m not afraid of death because I love the sea---I just hope it loves me.” Fiona certainly has plenty of energy; in her spare time, she enjoys playing the piano, rock-climbing, canoeing and dancing. Although she is sixty, she doesn’t want to have a quiet and peaceful life. “I’m looking forward to having fun in the rest of my life and that’s exactly why I’dlike to be a sailor for a while.”The underlined word cosy in the first paragraph means ____ .1bright1dirty1comfortable1darkWhen Fiona McFee said “---I just hope it loves me”, what she meant was ____.1Of course, it loves me, since I love it.1If I love it, it should love me.1I hope it will bring me a safe sailingas a return for my love of it.1I hope it will save my life when I amin time of danger.The reason why she would like to have the sail is that ____.1she thinks it will be very exciting1she likes sports and enjoys canoeing1she has decided to love the sea1she wants to be still active when shegets oldWhat kind of person would you say the old woman is?1Someone who does not show whatshe is feeling.1Someone who is very proud andsure of her success.1Someone who doesn’t use her headmuch.1Someone who is open, honest andbrave.The best title for this passage is ____ .1Life Begins at Sixty1 A Round Coast Sail1An Old Woman Sailor1An Unusual Hobby(爱好)试题分值：25.0得分：[5, 5, 5, 5, 5]提示：[1]C.词汇题。

Ⅰ. Explain the terms.1. Contingency approach2. Differentiation3. Objective4. Management pyramid5. Top managers6. Strategic goals7. Organizational behavior8. Operative goals9. Strategic group10. Threat of new entrantsⅡ. True and false statements.1. The three well-established approaches to management thought are the classical approach, which focus on the task of production and operation; the behavioral approach which focus on the task of managing people; and the management science approach, which focus on the task of managing work and organization.( )2. In solving problems, managers using the systems approach must view the organization as a dynamic whole but must try to anticipate the intended as well as unintended impacts of their decision. ( )3. in other words, the contingency approach seeks to match different situations with different management methods.( )4. It seeks to identify the characteristics of jobs, people, and organization, allowing managers to see the interdependence between the segments of an organization.( )5. Between the two extremes of management practice and management science are many general who have contributed to the study of management. ( )6. In today’s innovative and competitive business environment, companies that strive to envision and define the future often haven’t an advantage over those that simply react to the present. ( )7. In many of today’s leaner company, fewer levers separate manag ers at the top and bottom. ( )8. Communication or exchanging information, is the most important and pervasive interpersonal skill that managers use. ( )9. Management is indeed in every type of organization. ( )10. In order to transform vision to reality, managers must define specific goals and objectives. ( )11. To meet these challenges, managers must possess certain skills that disable them to fulfill specific roles. ( )12. As the company grows, management can refer to the mission statement as a means of evaluating whether proposed actions are in line with the company stated purpose and values. ( )13. A starting point is to write a mission statement that defines how the organization exists and what it seeks to accomplish. ( )14. Technical skills are more important at lower organization levels.( )15. There are organizations that exist with balance sheets, capital assets, financial plans, or formal marketing strategies, but without people.( )16. Organizations are not random collections of people. ( )17. Organizations have many goals and operative goal are general and abstract. ( )18. Sometimes the coordination in organizations is a matter of absolute necessity rather than efficiency. ( )19. Individuals have intellectual and physical limitation which can only be overcome by organized group effort. ( )20. One important, although often implicit, official goal of all organizations is development. ( )21. Members must occasionally engage in innovative activities that go beyond their usual assignments. ( )22. Clearly these (often implicit) people-related operative goals are separate and independent from official goals. ( )23. Organizations are designed to continue achieve their goals even if certain members aren’t replaced. ( )24. One important, although often implicit, official goal of virtually all organizations is survival. ( )25. When there is little product differentiation, competition between present competitors is greater. ( )26. When strong product differentiation exists, the entry is easier. ( )27. Suppliers are especially important when their product is large part of buyer’s value added. ( )28. If buyers earn low profits and product involved is important part of their cost, then the bargaining will be less aggressive. ( )29. Different market segments need different bundles and different product. ( )30. An unattractive industry couldn’t lead the firm into withdrawal strategies or an attempt to form an alliance with competitors. ( )31. There are five interactive competitive forces that collectively determine an industry’s long-term attractiveness: present competitors, potential competitors, the bargaining power of suppliers and buyers, and substitute product. ( )32. New competitors add capacity to the industry and bring with them the need to gain market share, thereby marketing competition more intense. ( )33. Its impact can be significant, particularly when a limited number of suppliers service a number of same industries. ( )34. All four competitive forces just discussed above are affected by the passage of time; therefore, their strength varies as the industry passes from its introductory stage to its growth stage and on to maturity, followed by decline. ( )35. During the maturity period, competition forces are at their strongest, and many competitors are forced to exit the industry. ( )36. Management entails planning, organizing, coordinating, leading, and controlling resource to efficiently reach these goals. ( )37. In addition to setting goals and assuming various roles, managers also employskills that fall into three basic categories: information, technical and conceptual skills. ( )38. Managers around the world use more of a contingency to survive. ( )39. First-line managers set operational objectives, which define the results necessary to achieve both the tactic objectives and the strategic goals. ( )40. The field of organizational behavior is concerned with the influence that only formal grouping has on the individuals. ( )Ⅲ.Translate the following into Chinese.1. Learning about management is important for two reasons. First, our society depends on specialized institutions and organizations to provide the goods and services we desire. These organizations are guided and directed by the decisions of one or more individuals designated as “managers”. Second, individuals not trained as managers often find themselves in managerial positions. Many individuals presently being trained to be teachers, accountants, musicians, salespersons, artists, physicians, or lawyers will one day earn their livings as managers.2. All five competitive forces just discussed above are affected by the passage of time; therefore, their strength varies as the industry passes from its introductory stage to its growth stage and on to maturity, followed by decline. Competitive forces are apt to be weakest during the fast-growth period, thus, there are substantial opportunities for gaining market share. During the shakeout period, competition forces are at their strongest, and many competitors are forced to exit the industry. During the industry maturity, competitions typically slackens, but only if the industry leader holds a strong relative position.3．The grouping that characterizes organizations is of interest to the field of organizational behavior for several reasons. First, much of the work ( both intellectual and physical ) done in organizations is quite literally performed by groups, whether they are short-term task forces or formal work groups shown on an organizational chart. We are therefore interested in predicting and explaining the functioning of these groups and controlling them so that they function effectively. You will recall that the two-person news writing/news reading team was severely disrupted by Russ’s resignation. Secondly, everyone is aware that informal grouping occurs in all organizations. That is, friendships develop and informal alliances are formed to accomplish required work: Such grouping is not prescribed by the organization and not shown on the chart, but it can have an important impact upon goal achievement. Consequently, we are interested in how such groups’ form and what their exact impact is. Finally, the field of organizational behavior is concerned with the influence that both formal and informal grouping has on the individuals who enter organizations with their own particular needs and values.4. In addition to setting goals and assuming various roles, managers also employ skills that fall into three basic categories: interpersonal, technical, and conceptual skills. As managers rise through the hierarchy, they may need to strengthen their abilities in one or more of these skills; fortunately, managerial skills can usually be learned.Ⅳ.Translate the following into English.1．在这种情况下，为了使整个体系达到其目的，折中的做法是必要的。

Translation for translation from Chinese into EnglishPart A1.The development of scientific research in our country is characterized by the combination of theory with practice.2.The electric power supplied at present can’t satisfy our need.3.In their work, they pay much attention to the combination of theory with practice.4.China’s successful explosion of its first atom bomb caused tremendous repercussions throughout the world.5.Xu Beihong’s drawing of horses is exceptionally good.6.The mastery of language is not easy and requires painstaking efforts.7.There must be less empty talk and more hard work.8.Exchange of ideas is a vital necessity.9.The air was so fresh and fragrant that it gave people a feeling of exceptional coolness and comfort.10.We are certain that corrosion has a close relation to moisture and temperature.11.We are deeply concerned at the news that your country has been struck by an earthquake.12.They are entirely ignorant of carbohydrates and proteins to be natural organic materials.13.I’m on the middle shift today.14.They kept on fighting in spite of all difficulties.15.Are you for or against the proposal?16.We should not be after only fame and position.17.He may not be against the plan.18.What is the population of Singapore?19.The use of bacteriological weapons is a clear violation of international law.20.The magistrates are free to burn down houses, while the common people are forbidden evento light lamps.21.The distance light travels in one second is 300,000 kilometres.22.You may read the book first since you are anxious to read it.23.Please fill in this form, and give it to me when you finish it.24.It works wonders whe n you know how to use it; but when you d o n’t, it is not worth a single penny.25.Water moves in water waves and heat in heat.26.Modesty helps one to go forward, whereas conceit makes one lag behind.27.She covered her face with her hands as if to protect her eyes.28.I shall appreciate it very much if you will reply at your earliest convenience.29.We feared that he would burn himself out in doing such a heavy job.30.I will inform you of the result by telegram.31.We should gradually eliminate the difference between town and country.32.You must have a concern for your own health.ws form part of the supper structure.34.When anyone among the people breaks the law, he too should be punished, imprisoned.35.These two questions should not be lumped together.36.Y o u’d better ask the opinions of the students. Construction is going ahead vigorously on all fronts.37.Here I wish to speak briefly on practicing economy.38.The discussion covers Sino-U.S. relations and Sino-Soviet relations.39.All this is very good and is of great educational value.40.China’s economy is still backward.41.Ma t er can be changed into energy, and energy into ma t er.42.The use of poison-gases is a clear violation of inter national law, in particular of the “Geneva Convention”.43.The biologist says that certain bats by receiving the echo to the squeaks they emit can locateand steer clear of obstacles.44.Most of people seem to prefer watching games to playing games.45.A Communist should be more concerned about the Party and the masses than about any individual, and more about others than about himself.46.Facts are facts.47.Like cures like.48.Xinhua News Agency is authorized to issue the following statement.49.When matter is heated, it expands.50.The element discovered by Madame Curie was named radium.51.Overseas Chinese are no longer looked down upon.52.He was laughed at by his neighbours.53.This factory was seriously damaged during the earthquake.54.How to make the processing efficient should be discussed seriously.55.This point must be explained in greater details.56.This problem must be dealt with at an appropriate time.57.This book has already been translated into Chinese.58.Shortcomings and mistakes must be overcome.59.Rice is chiefly grown in the south.60.The work has already been done.61.English is spoken here.62.The construction of the bridge will be completed by the end of this year.63.I didn’t see him y esterday.64.The experiment didn’t go as smoothly as we had expected.65.This state of affairs must not be allowed to continue.66.We will live up to the expectations of our people.67.Before the receipt has been signed, the money must not be paid.68.The weasel pays a courtesy visit to the hen with evil intent.69.Men only weep when deeply hurt.70.His explanation is far from satisfactory.71.He refused to take the money.72.A man who tells lies is the last man to rely on.73.It is not fair not to praise him.74.He did not say so groundlessly.75.Dust never vanishes of itself without sweeping.76.Under no circumstances should this treasure be discarded77.In order to convince everybody, he had to make a minute analysis of the situation.78.My loneliness had to be dispelled for it was causing me agony.79.A new building material is being developed at the present time.80.Many questions have been raised during the conference.81.The figure of a hunter was printed on the cover of the book.82.Wrongs must be righted when they are discovered.83.Without facility, there would be no difficulty; without difficulty, there would be no facility.84.There exist different opinions on the problem.85.It often snows in winter.86.It is extremely hot here in summer.87.The sun is up.88.Snow is falling heavily.89.One is never too old to learn.90.In our drive for socialist modernization, we must respect knowledge and talented people.91.Know the enemy and know yourself, and you can fight a hundred battles with no danger of defeat.92.Today, T okyo issued the mid-term report of marine resources investigation in 2004, saying that two of the three natural gas fields, which China plans to explore in question areas, are subject toJapan.93.All human cooperation is based on the trust among people, and yet different trusts bringabout different qualities and performances of cooperation.94.If Rumsfeld, US secretary of defense, were able to visit China, it would be the first time forseven years for US Secretary of Defense to visit China.95.As to the various unreasonable charges in education sector, Zhou Ji said, it’s a serious problem of whether the education is fair or not and causes special concern of people.96.Wang Zhiqiang, general manager of Beijing Jin Zhi Y ou Family Services, said, up to now, onlymore than 300 family servants came back to their company after they returned to Beijing, the number of which is less than half of that in the same period in other years. A director of Ai NongFamily Services said, people available to introduce are clearly less than those in same period in last year though it’s still hard t o g et the exact number.Part B1.There’s an experiment in biological field. Biologists put a frog into a vessel full of cold water and heat it quickly with a heat source underneath so as to bring the water to high temperature. When the water comes quickly to a high temperature, the frog i mmediately jumps out (of the vessel).When the vessel was heated slowly to bring the temperature one degree higher every two days, itwon ’t jump out (by itself) even when the temperature reaches 90 degrees centigrade – though it is already almost boiled to death.2.The miracle chip represents a quantum leap in the technology of mankind, a developmentthat over the past few years has acquired the force and significance associated w ith the developmentof hand tools or the discovery of the steam engine. Just as the Industrial Revolution took over animmense range of tasks from men’s muscles and enormously expanded productivity, so the microcomputer is rapidly assuming huge burdens of drudgery from the human brain and therebyexpanding the mind’s capacities. With the chip, amazing feats of memory and execution becomepossible in everything.3.Fatigue is one of the most common complaints brought to doctors, friends and relatives. The causes of modern-day fatigue are diverse and only rarely related to excess physical exertion. Therelatively few who do heavy labor all day long almost never complain about being tired, perhapsbecause they expect to be. Today, physicians report, tiredness is more likely a consequence of under-exertion than of wearing yourself down with over-activity. In fact, increased physical activity isoften prescribed as a cure for sinking energy.4.The open-door policy promotes the fast growth of Chinese economy and brings forth manystrong indigenous Chinese enterprises. Kingfa, a high-tech enterprise, with its 11-year strenuous efforts, is now one of the biggest production bases in modified plastics in China, with RMB 1.83 billion output and RMB 0.7 billion total asset, se t ing a good example in national modified plasticsindustry. As a combination of various efforts, Kingfa ’s great achievements come from 11-year hard work and intelligence of all Kingfa people. Getting listed as a public company, Kingfa will meet new challenges and take new opportunities so as to achieve new development. Kingfa ’s goal is “to be welcome as a world brand and make a long-life Kingfa. ” Kingfa will never stop its steps.5.Y ou would not know what is really luxuriant and green until you travel to Y unan. And you would not feel the soul-shaking feel of the roaring and swelling tides until you visit Tiger-JumpingGorge (Hu Tiao Xia), the number-one chasm along the Yangtze River (Chang Jiang).“What a beauty! (What a beauty!)”chanted those in the coach, praising the scenery in Y unnan, as they peered out of the coach wondering among lofty towering mountains. It was a attractive vista indeed: the rolling green mountains, the shining bright lakes, and the floating cloud flowers in the intoxicating blue sky. At a however nonchalant glance, you ’ll see a perfect charming view.6.Cultivating their children is parents ’ bounden duty.Family cultivation is the base of all cultivating activities, which plays a special role in ideological and m ental teaching for those not yet ofage. One Russia educationist said, ‘Parents who have made devoting sons to our motherland have built an everlasting monument for themselves.’ In reality, it ’s common that some parents feel atlost at cultivating their children. Many facts show that not all parents know how to cultivate theirchildren. For example, some parents only get them learn well and eat well rather than grow up healthily both in psychology and personality. In the new age of socialist market economy, it ’s not easy not to be out of duty as qualified parents and even more difficult to make their children a participant and successor fully developed in integrity, intelligence and constitution.。

KEY TO THE EXERCISES OF CHAPTER 11 POLITICS, POWER, & LEADERSHIP.Power distance deals with the amount of authoritythat bosses have over subordinates. Low PD countries normally havea decentralized system. High PD countries are normally morecentralized. Low PD countries tend to have more democratic forms of government, and there is a more consultative relationship between bosses and subordinates.Latin countries tend to have more authoritarian relationships.As we saw in earlier chapters, companies with more hierarchicallevels have more problems with communication. On the other hand, Germanic countries tend to be more participatory in their boss-employee relationships. Their decision-making processes tend to be more participative.Multinational managers sometimes have problems adapting to new countries. The difficulty usually occurs when a manager from a high PD culture is sent to a country. It is important for managers to adopt the PD style of their new country.WORDS & MEANINGSRELATIONSHIPSDecide whether the following words are hierarchy words or partnership words:chain-of-command coming together converginghierarchy integration layerlevel merger organization chart partnership status teamvertical join linkcombine connectHierarchy Words Partnership Wordschain-of-command partnership connectlevel combine converginghierarchy coming together teamvertical merger linkstatus joinorganization chart。

河北工业大学函授生考试试卷课程英语2 教师胡静波2013/2014学年第1 学期班级13级工商姓名____________ 成绩_______注意：全部答案请清晰写明在数字题号前。

Part I Reading ComprehensionQuestions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage:Students can travel in the United States without spending too much money if they follow these suggestions.A travel agent can give you information on special economy fares for trains, buses and planes. Think about hiking or biking for a part of your trip, too. You’ll not only save money, but you’ll also see a lot more of the country.Some students may want to travel by car. Be sure to think about going with other students —many colleges have “ride boards” that list when and where other students plan to travel. Many radio stations provide the same sort of service —they announce who’s driving where, when, how many riders they will take and what the expenses will be.There are many inexpensive, older hotels near bus or train stations. Check your travel guide for names of the best. Many parts of the country also have youth hostels where young people can stay for only a few dollars a night.You don’t have to eat in restaurants all the time, but we don’t recommend a diet of candy and cola, either. You can usually get a healthy, cheap breakfast in a restaurant. If the weather is warm, you can buy food in supermarkets or at roadside stands and have a picnic for lunch. For dinner you can get the names of good, cheap restaurants from travel guides or friends.1. The passage tells students ___C___.A. how to make travel plansB. how to get help while travelingC. how to use less money while travelingD. how to choose hotels2. To see more of the country, you’d better travel ___D_____.A. by planeB. by busC. by trainD. by bike3. If you want to share rides with others, you can get information __C______.A. on the blackboards in classroomsB. from school administratorsC. through certain radio programsD. from travel agents4. According to the passage, staying at youth hostels is _A_______.A. cheapB. convenientC. comfortableD. enjoyable5. To save money, you can _D_______.A. have more candy and colaB. invite your friends for a picnicC. take some food with youD. eat in restaurants sometimesQuestions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage:Throughout her working life, a ship —like a motorcar —must be serviced regularly if she is to remain efficient. After a period at sea she must be overall checked and any necessary repairs must be made. There are also instances when a ship must be converted from being one kind of carrier to another. Most of today’s oil, for example, is carried by huge super-tankers. The smaller tankers, many of which are still in good condition, can be converted into bulk carriers（散货船）for the transport of sugar, coal or ore.Conversion or repair work is carried out in a dry dock, a huge hole cut into the ground and lined with concrete. At one end are large gates separating the dock from the river or sea. When these gates are opened, water pours into the dock and fills it. Aship can then enter the dock, where it is carefully fastened in an upright position.When the ship is positioned inside the dock, the gates are closed and the water is pumped out. The vessel slowly settles on to wooden blocks. Wooden supporters are put in position between the ship and the sides of the dock to prevent her from rolling over. Great care is taken to make sure that the ship rests evenly on the keel（龙骨）blocks to prevent damage being done.As soon as the ship is firmly positioned, repair or conversion work can begin on her body or superstructure.6. According to the passage, in what way is a ship like motorcar?BA. It needs to be repaired in a dry dock.B. It requires regular service.C. It can be converted into other kinds of vehicle.D. It has a long working life.7. Many smaller tankers have been converted into bulk carriers because _C______.A. there is a shortage of oil in the worldB. large amounts of sugar, coal and ore is needed in the world marketC. most of today’s oil is carried by huge super-tankersD. many of them are still in good condi ti on8. We can infer that a dry dock __D______.A. is built by the waterB. is built far from the waterC. is built under the waterD. is floating on the water9. What do you think will happen to a dry dock when the repairs to a ship are completed? CA. The water is pumped into it again.B. The gates are opened and the water pours in.C. It is floated out to sea.D. It is converted to another kind of dock.10. According to the passage, how is a ship kept upright in a dry dock? AA. It is lined with concrete.B. It is placed on keel blocks.C. It is fastened to the shore.D. It is supported with pieces of wood.Part II Vocabulary and StructureDirections: For each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.1. There seems to be an electrical problem. I’ll get someone to ____B____ it.A. look outB. look intoC. look uponD. look at2. His knowledge of English is ____A____ for the job, although he is not fluent in the language.A. adequateB. differentC. pleasantD. complicated3. Travelers in space have to ___C_____ many discomforts in their rockets.A. persistB. careC. endureD. allow4. It was hard work, but they __D______ to it and got the job done.A. continueB. followC. adjustD. stuck5. Community service can __A______ anything from gardening to helping in old people’s homes.A. involveB. remainC. insistD. ask6. It took him almost three hours to ___C_____ the distance from his office to his home.A. crossB. reachC. coverD. gain7. I’d love a new car, but I just can’t ___B_____ it.A. offerB. affordC. spendD. cost8. They ___B_____ the plan to see whether it could really be carried out.A. got overB. talked overC. broke throughD. let out9. After the war, Germany became one of Europe’s most ___A_____ countries.A. prosperousB. swiftC. improvedD. interested10. The fact that something is cheap doesn’t __D______ mean it is of low quality.A. necessarilyB. especiallyC. essentiallyD. practically11. For wildlife enthusiasts the journey is ___C_____ —- the region is known for its sea birds.A. delightedB. pleasedC. worthyD. worthwhile12. We have to get that car fixed __C______.A. no matter it costs how muchB. no matter how much costs itC. no matter how much it costsD. no matter how much does it cost13. He hardly ever leaves the house after ten at night, ___B_____?A. doesn’t heB. does heC. so does heD. nor does he14. In school days I ___A_____ all the way to the school, but would sometimes take the bus when it rained.A. used to walkB. used to walkingC. was used to walkD. would use to walk15. I’ll find the person who did this, __C______ he is!A. anybodyB. someoneC. whoeverD. whomever16. The conflict spread everywhere, into villages, ___A_____ into the cities.A. as wellB. as well asC. in additionD. in addition to17. The driver admitted that not only __C______, but he didn’t have a driving license either.A. was not he insuredB. he was insured notC. was he not insuredD. he was not insured18. It is when you nearly lose someone ___C_____ you become fully conscious of how much you value them.A. asB. soC. thatD. when19. Harry took a taxi to work this morning. He __A______ a taxi if he had not missed the only bus that passes by his office.A. wouldn’t have takenB. wouldn’t takeC. hadn’t takenD. won’t take20. We found ____D____ to talk about that it was late at night when we remembered the time.A. very muchB. such muchC. as muchD. so muchPart III ClozeDirections: There are 10 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one answer that best fits into the passage.There are two ways to relate to people in our lives. One way is to see them as objects: we get something from them, but we are not (1) __C______ with how they feel. They are there only for our use. For example, we might treat (2) ___C_____ an object the person who sells us items in a convenience store or (3) __B______ us in a restaurant or even teaches a class we are taking. The second way we can see people is as subjects, letting ourselves be (4) __B______ that they have feelings (5) ___A_____ we do. There is a story about a British woman who was (6) ___C_____ important guests for tea one afternoon. She looked out from her front porch after lunch and was horrified to see that her gardener had not (7) ____A____ for work. When he finally arrived, she tore into him. “Do you know who is coming here in an hour? I ought to fire you!”Without (8) __B______, the man quietly said, “I’m sorry, my little girl died during the night, and we had to bury her today.” For the first time, the woman saw the man as a human being, not simply as a device for keeping her lawn attractive. He stopped (9) ___D_____ an object and became a subject, a possessor of feelings, needs, pains, and relationships to (10) __A______ she had never given a thought.1. A. considered B. worriedC. concernedD. related2. A. as B. forC. likeD. about3. A. looks after B. waits onC. sees toD. brings about4. A. certain B. awareC. confidentD. positive5. A. such like B. much likeC. such asD. just as6. A. respecting B. expectingC. preparingD. predicting7. A. shown up B. come acrossC. turned overD. hung around8. A. looking out B. looking forC. looking upD. looking on9. A. being B. to beC. beD. having been10. A. those B. themC. thatD. which。