【全国百强校】宁夏回族自治区银川一中2015-2016学年高一上学期期末考试地理试题(原卷版)

绝密★启用前【百强校】2015-2016学年宁夏回族自治区银川一中高一上期末英语卷（带解析）试卷副标题考试范围：xxx ；考试时间：93分钟；命题人：xxx学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________注意事项．1．答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息 2．请将答案正确填写在答题卡上第I 卷（选择题）一、阅读理解（题型注释）In the history of Hawaii, surfing is a serious thing. Ancient leaders used the sport as a training exercise to keep themselves strong. They also used surfing competitions instead of wars to solve conflicts between people. For a long time ,this tradition of surfing was known mainly to the people of Hawaii. Then Duke Kahanamoku came along and changed the world. When he was 21years old, Duke broke two world swimming records. Not surprisingly, Duke easily made the Olympic swimming team in 1912.During his Olympic career, Duke won three gold medals and two silver medals in swimming.When Duke finished winning medals at the Olympics, he toured the world. He also brought along his surfboard. Duke had been surfing ever since he was a little boy. In 1917,he rode a single wave for more than a mile! Duke amazed people by riding his 16-foot-long board. He is considered the father of modern surfing.Since Duke was handsome and strong, people loved to watch him. His next career move was clear. Duke headed for Hollywood. From 1925 to 1955,he made more than 30 movies.试卷第2页，共11页One day in 1925, Duke and a few other surfers were hanging out on the beach when a boat turned over not far from them. The surfers hit the waves with their big boards and saved 12 of the passengers. Duke alone saved eight of them! After that, lifeguards at beaches started using surfboards to save swimmers. Helping others was a big thing in Duke’s life.In 1932,Duke became sheriff(治安官)of Honolulu, Hawaii, holding the position for almost 30 years. As sheriff, in fact, his job was to greet visitors who came to the city .From the Olympics to Hollywood, Duke Kahanamoku had put Hawaii on the map when it was still a little known island.When he was 75 years old, Dukes name was added to both the Swimming Hall of Fame and the Surfing Hall of Fame. He died in 1968 at the age of 78. 1、The first paragraph serves as a(an)_______.A ．explanationB ．introductionC ．commentD ．background 2、What can we infer about Duke according to paragraph 5? A ．He was modest and honest. B ．He was clever and confident. C ．He was brave and kind-hearted. D ．He was generous and open-minded. 3、What is the text mainly about? A ．The development of Hawaii. B ．The achievements of Duke. C ．The personal life of Duke. D ．The history of surfing.Several weeks ago, kidsPost did a story on “The Art of Video Games” at the Smithsonian American Art Museum. The exhibition has created debate with some people saying that as fun as video games are ,they are not works of art. Other people say that videos games may be a new form of art and that they belong to in museums. We asked readers for their opinions on the topic. Here are a few of the letters we received.A video game is like a painting on a screen. In order to make a video game, you have to think of something original(新颖的)to reach the players. This is the point of Art. ---Mary Pottanat,13I believe video games are not a form of art. Art should be a visual (视觉的)and creative expression of feelings. Although it is arguable that video games are visual ,they do not express feelings in any way.---Prannab Kirshnan,12However exciting video games are, they are not art. Painting is art, but not video games. Art has beauty and culture that no technology could ever compare to. Even though you can create art in some video games, the “ Mona Lisa” wasn’t painted with Nintendo.---Caroline Kaplan,10Art is a way of communicating ideas to the public in a wa y that is fun to them. The “public”, who in this case are kids and adults, are finding these video games from different time periods interesting. Video games would not have been art if it had not been for the kids and adults attracted by “the art of video games”.---Ryan Puthumana,104、Who’s the author?A．An artist.B．A video game creator.C．Someone who works at KidsPost.D．Someone who works in a museum.5、Ryan Puthumana holds the view that video games________.A．aren’t fun enough to be art.B．are so interesting that they are art.C．can’t express feelings as well as art.D．are not so popular with kids as before.6、We can learn from the text that ______.A．Caroline Kaplan disagrees with Mary Pottanat.B．Only one kid thinks video games are similar to art.C．Pr annab Kirshnan doesn’t like playing video games.D．The older the kids are ,the more they like video games.7、The text mainly discusses____________.A．the differences between video games and art.B．why people like or hate video games.试卷第4页，共11页C ．whether video games are art or not.D ．what can be considered works of art.My son ,Izzy, was a nine-year-old boy and had been begging me to please let him find his way home by subway, by himself. After all, we live in New York City, and getting around by public transportation is a basic part of life. It is also the first step toward feeling grown-up. So on that sunny Sunday ，I gave him a subway map, a transportation card,$20 for emergencies, and a couple of coins so that he could call me if necessary. I didn’t give him a cell phone because nine-year-olds lose things. A few days later, I wrote about his adventure ，or non-adventure for a newspaper. Little did I realize the idea that a kid could tour the city on his own, and that a mom would let him, was big news. It turned out that many TV shows called me and asked for an interview. Bloggers were going crazy, so I started a blog, too, and letters came pouring in. Finally I found out why this was such a big story: we have become fearful for our children. Fear is hardly a new thing for parents, of course. But the fear of letting our children out of sight for even a second-that’s new. How did this happen? How did it become too scary to let kids be kids? I asked the question when the reporter Trevor Butterworth interviewed me.“News reports,” he answered. “News reports scare the pants off you. What is scarier than a kidnapped kid no matter how far away ？Because there are so many such stories, it starts to feel as if kidnappings are happening all the time. That’s why the kid -on-the-subway story surprises the whole world.” Izzy probably did a good job. He simply proved that kids could leave home alone and return home safely! But he didn’t think it was a big deal. “It was fun,” he said. “But I missed some classes because of the interviews .” Sometimes it really pays to be brave. 8、Why did the author let her son take the subway alone? A ．Because she always let her son do whatever he wanted.B ．Because she believed that her son had memorized the subway map.C ．Because she thought it would be big news around the whole world.D ．Because she felt traveling by subway in New York was a basic life skill.9、The author gave her son all the following when he traveled alone EXCEPT_______. A ．a map. B ．a cell phone.C ．a transportation cardD ．some money.10、The author didn’t expect that after she wrote her son’s story for a newspaper, _________. A ．a blog would be started in her nameB ．her son would receive so many lettersC ．many TV shows would want to interview herD ．many TV stations would want to film her son’s story二、完形填空（题型注释）完型填空Each of us has goals for life. Some of these may be long-term (长期的) or lifetime ones, and other dreams or wishes for more immediate satisfaction.Just as you great pleasure when you’re trying to short-term goals, there’s also power in having long-term and lifetime goals. Both are valuable and serve each other. In order to be in achieving a short- or long-term wish or goal, you must place your focus on the result and train your mind on either a moment-to-moment, day-to-day, month-to- month, or year-to-year level.For example, a farmer is to plow (耕地) a straight line, he must keep his eye on a faraway point. If his attention is just a few feet in front of him, he will not plow straight. So, in order for his field to be plowed straight, he must and focus on his long-term goal.Focusing on a long-term goal can the energy to get things done in the . For instance, when a runner sets a(n) to run a mile, he’ll be tired when he the one-mile mark. if this same runner sets a goal to run ten miles, he probably won’t even be sweating (出汗) upon this same one-mile mark. If this very same runner was to set a goal to run 26 miles and keep his mind on the completion of this long , not only wouldn’t he be sweating, but most likely he wouldn’t even be out of breath as he ran by the mark.Long-term goals, , can’t be achieved without first achieving goals. We may have a goal to climb a ladder (梯子), but we have to take one step at a time in order to reach the top. 11、A ．even B ．just C ．also D ．rather12、A ．understand B ．experience C ．explain D ．welcome 13、A ．set B ．keep C ．prevent D ．achieve 14、A ．terms B ．dreams C ．types D ．thoughts 15、A ．successful B ．special C ．interested D ．different 16、A ．important B ．certain C ．final D ．happy试卷第6页，共11页17、A ．if B ．when C ．although D ．because 18、A ．received B ．attracted C ．directed D ．paid 19、A ．correct B ．forget C ．believe D ．know 20、A ．choose B ．influence C ．report D ．provide 21、A ．dark B ．present C ．end D ．future 22、A ．date B ．story C ．goal D ．example23、A ．probably B ．personally C ．partly D ．quietly 24、A ．remembers B ．reaches C ．discovers D ．records 25、A ．And B ．But C ．So D ．Or26、A ．waiting for B ．searching for C ．preparing D ．passing 27、A ．race B ．game C ．drive D ．flight28、A ．twenty-six-mile B ．thirteen-mile C ．ten-mile D ．one-mile 29、A ．however B ．besides C ．instead D ．therefore 30、A ．lifetime B ．short-term C ．common D ．big第II卷（非选择题）三、单词拼写（题型注释）B：根据首字母提示及语境填写单词或短语31、She ______________(高度赞扬) the teacher ,although she complained about his strictness.32、Whoever breaks the law won’t e_______ being punished.33、The vase d_______ with valuable jewels is very beautiful.34、To live a meaningful life, one should ________(为…设定目标) his life ,and work hard to achieve it.35、I think I’ll have a cold drink ______（而不是）coffee.36、Last year I _________ (被选入) a football team, in which I played as a forward as well as being captain.37、One of the host’s r_______________is to keep competition fair .38、He _____________（同…讨价还价）his customers to offer part of service free of charge.39、In this way, I can make up new moves using my “_____________”(人工智能).40、This activity is c_______to broaden students’ horizons and make good preparations for the future development.四、短文改错（题型注释）41、短文改错假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。

宁夏银川市第一中学2015-2016学年高一下学期期末考试语文试题一、基础知识（每题3分，共27分）1．下列各项中读音有误的一项是（）A．熅．（yún）火弋．（yì）射单．（chán）于B．劾．大不敬（hé）缪．（miào）贤乞骸．（hái）骨C．衣．褐（yì）纺缴．（zhuó）辟．（pì）公府D．属．文（zhǔ）天雨．（yù）雪礼节甚倨．（jù）【答案】C【解析】试题分析：C项辟（pì）公府——bì。

【考点定位】识记现代汉语普通话常用字的字音。

能力层级为识记A。

【技巧点拨】多音字记忆要找规律，结合词义、词性、运用场合等记忆。

bì，①君主，如“复辟”。

②君主召见并授予官职，如“辟举”。

pì，①开辟。

②排除或排斥，如“辟谣”“辟邪说”。

③透彻，如“精辟”。

pī、mǐ、bò三个读音，均为文言通假的读音。

现在国家语言文字委员会已经把这三个读音废除了。

此外需要注意多音字缪（móu）〔绸～〕见“绸”。

（miù）1．〔纰～〕错误。

2．计谋，机智，3．（繆）（mi ào）姓。

（mù）古同“穆”，恭敬。

（liǎo）古同“缭”，缭绕。

衣yī，用于“衣服”“衣冠禽兽”。

2．yì，穿，那衣服给人穿。

如“解衣衣我”，前一个“衣”读一声，第二个“衣”读四声。

属（shǔ）1．同一家族的。

（zhǔ）1．连缀，接连。

还有一些统读字，要注意分类记忆。

2．下列各组句子中全含．．古今异义的一组是（）①请指示王②廉颇宣言曰③臣所以去亲戚而事君者④朝夕遣人候问武⑤汉天子我丈人行也⑥武等实在⑦卧起操持⑧常从容淡静⑨衡下车⑩伺者因此觉知A．①②③⑤⑦B．②⑥⑧⑨⑩C．①⑥⑦⑨⑩D．②③④⑤⑦【答案】A【解析】试题分析：A．“指示，宣言，亲戚，丈人，实在，操持，从容，下车”为古今词。

宁夏银川一中高一上学期期末考试英语试卷（总分：150分；考试时间：120分钟）第I卷（共90分）一、听力(共两节，满分20分)第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

1. What language does the woman speak?A. German.B. Chinese.C. Japanese.2. What are the two speakers mainly talking about?A. A day course.B. The choice of courses.C. An evening course.3. What does the man mean?A. He can’t meet the woman so early in the morning.B. The woman should continue her German class.C. He agrees with the woman’s decision.4. Where is Peter now?A. At homeB. In EuropeC. In Canada.5. What does the woman want to do?A. Sell shoes for her son.B. Change the shoes for larger ones.C. Make the shoes larger.第二节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)听下面5段对话或独白。

每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读每个小题，每小题5秒钟。

银川一中2015/2016学年度(上)高一期末考试英语试卷（总分：150分；考试时间：120分钟）第I卷（共70分）答卷要求:将第一卷试题的答案填涂在答题卡上;第二卷为笔答部分,答案直接写在试卷上。

考试结束后交答题卡和第二卷。

一、听力(共两节，满分20分)第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

1．When will Mike come back?A. At 4:30.B. At 5:00.C. At 5:30.2．What does the man study in his spare time?A. Jazz.B. Painting.C. English.3．Where does the conversation probably take place?A. In a store.B. In a hospital.C. In a school.4．How much should the woman pay without the discount?A. 50 dollars.B.100 dollars.C. 200 dollars.5．Where is the woman’s brother probably now?A. In Paris.B. In Beijing.C. In New York.第二节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）请听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。

6．What is the man probably doing?A. Doing his homework.B. Washing the dishes.C. Reading a newspaper.7．What’s the possible relationship between the two speakers?A. Teacher and student.B. Customer and clerk.C. Mother and son.请听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。

宁夏回族自治区银川一中2015-2016学年高一上学期期末考试试题第Ⅰ卷（选择题共60分）说明：本大题共40小题，每小题1.5分，共计60分。

在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一个选项是最符合题意的,请选出最佳答案涂在答题卡上.1．作为消费者总是希望“质优价廉”；作为经营者则强调“优质优价”。

尽管两者关注点有所不同，但都说明商品A．是用于交换的劳动产品B．是使用价值与价值的统一体C．使用价值比价值更重要D．只有通过交换才有使用价值2．2014年10月10日，中国人民银行发行2015中国乙未（羊）年金银纪念币一套。

该套纪念币共16枚，其中金币9枚，银币7枚，均为中华人民共和国法定货币。

该套纪念币①相当于一般等价物，其本质是商品②具有收藏价值。

也可以充当商品交换的媒介③其购买力是由国家规定的④能表现其他一切商品的价值A．②④B．③④C．①④D．①②3．今年中秋国庆小长假，小陈一家选择了标价为3680元/人的云南双飞七日游，小陈在丽江的一个小店花100元买了几件富有少数民族特色的小饰品，她父母则在昆明的商场用刷信用卡消费的方式购买了8000元的玉镯。

在这里涉及到的货币职能依次是A．价值尺度、支付手段、流通手段B．支付手段、流通手段、支付手段C．价值尺度、流通手段、流通手段D．价值尺度、流通手段、支付手段4．2015年是我国人民币汇率形成机制改革十周年。

十年来，人民币对美元总体呈现“小碎步”升值态势。

人民币对美元升值说明①同样多的人民币可以兑换更多的美元②同样多的美元可以兑换更多的人民币③美元汇率升高④人民币汇率升高A．①②B．②③C．①④D．②④5．第二届中国西部名牌产品博览会于2014年10月24日至26日在西安隆重举办。

市场上的名牌产品，一般来说，价格都比较高，根本原因是A．名牌产品质量好，名气大B．名牌产品可以满足人们高层次的需求C．名牌产品耗费的劳动量大D．生产名牌产品的社会劳动生产率高6．价格是市场的信号灯，价格变化给人们的生活和生产带来重要影响，在其他因素不变的情况下，价格与需求、价格与供给的关系可以用下图来表示。

绝密★启用前【百强校】2015-2016学年宁夏银川一中高一上学期期末考试地理试卷（带解析）试卷副标题考试范围：xxx ；考试时间：30分钟；命题人：xxx学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________注意事项．1．答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息 2．请将答案正确填写在答题卡上第I 卷（选择题）一、选择题（题型注释）1、我国CO2的排放量居世界第二位,为了对保护和改善世界环境做出我们应有的贡献,你认为下列措施中符合我国国情的是 ①限制和压缩重工业的发展,减少能源消耗 ②加快发展水电和核电建设,改善能源消费构成 ③大力建设林业生态工程,提高森林覆盖率④调整工业布局,将高能耗工业转移到西部地区发展 A ．①② B ．①④ C ．③④ D ．②③试卷第2页，共10页2、读“全球气候的长期演变图”,回答下题。

全球气候变化状况的基本特点是 A ．全球气温逐渐升高 B ．降水量总的趋势在增加 C ．冷暖干湿交替D ．气候变化周期长短一致读某地区聚落分布示意图，回答下列各题。

3、最易发展成城市的聚落是A ．①B ．②C ．③D ．④4、山区公路一般都修成“之”字形，主要考虑的自然因素是 A ．气候 B ．地形 C ．植被 D ．土壤地理环境中各要素之间是相互联系的,若某要素发生变化就会给其他要素带来影响,甚至发生一系列的变化。

读图,回答下列各题。

5、图中所示的中心“甲”可能是( )A ．人口数量增多B ．气候变化C ．森林破坏D ．围湖造田 6、上图反映了自然地理环境的A ．综合性B ．区域性C ．整体性D ．差异性读“…热岛效应‟示意图”,完成下列各题。

7、“热岛效应”产生的最主要原因是 A ．温室效应 B ．臭氧层的破坏C ．城市大量消耗能源释放废热D ．城市水域面积小,对气候的调节作用不大8、很多城市在市区与郊区之间广种花草林木,其主要目的是 A ．避免市区大气污染物污染郊区 B ．净化空气、增湿 C ．涵养水源、保持水土 D ．减弱噪声,美化环境试卷第4页，共10页东非大裂谷是世界大陆上最大的断裂带,素有“地球伤疤”之称。

银川一中2014/2015学年度(上)高一期末考试 物 理 试 卷 一、单项选择题（每题5分，共40分） 1．测量“国际单位制中的三个力学基本物理量”可用哪一组仪器（） A．米尺，弹簧秤，秒表 B．米尺，测力计，秒表 C．量筒，天平，秒表 D．米尺，天平，秒表 2如图所示，三个大小相等的力F作用于同一点O，合力最小的是（） 3．沼泽地的下面蕴藏着丰富的泥炭，泥炭是沼泽地积累的植物残体，它的纤维状和海绵状的物理结构导致人在其上面行走时容易下陷（设在下陷过程中，泥炭对人的阻力不计）。

如果整个下陷的过程是先加速再减速最后匀速运动，那么，下列说法中正确的是（ ） A．在加速向下运动时，人对沼泽地的压力大于沼泽地对人的支持力 B．在减速向下运动时，人对沼泽地的压力小于沼泽地对人的支持力 C．在整个运动过程中，人对沼泽地的压力是先大于后等于沼泽地对他的支持力 D．在整个运动过程中，人对沼泽地的压力大小总是等于沼泽地对他的支持力 4做曲线运动的质点，其轨迹上某一点的速度方向（ ） A．与该点加速度方向相同B．与通过该点的曲线的切线垂直 C．与物体在该点所受合力方向相同D．就在通过该点的曲线的切线方向上 5关于运动的合成与分解，下列说法正确的是（ ） A．合运动速度的大小等于分运动速度大小之和 B．物体的两个分运动若是直线运动，则合运动一定是直线运动 C．合运动和分运动所用的时间总是相等的 D．若合运动是曲线运动，则加速度不可能是恒定的 6如图所示，一物体用一轻绳悬挂于O点，用力F拉住物体，要使 轻绳与竖直方向保持θ＝66°角不变，且F最小，则F与竖直方向 的夹角应为（ ） A．90° B．66° C．24° D．0° 7如图所示，物块A、B叠放在粗糙的水平桌面上，水平外力F作用在B上，使A、B一起沿水平桌面向右加速运动．设A、B之间的摩擦力为f1，B与水平桌面间的摩擦力为f2。

2015-2016学年宁夏银川一中高一（上)期末化学试卷一、选择题．(共25小题，每小题2分，共50分．每小题只有一个选项符合题意）1．下列对某些问题的认识正确的是（)A．漂白粉和明矾都常用于自来水的处理，二者的作用原理是相同的B．Na的金属性比Cu强，故可用Na与CuSO4溶液反应制取CuC．不能用带玻璃塞的玻璃瓶盛放碱液D．玻璃、水泥、陶瓷、水晶都是重要的硅酸盐材料2．化学与环境、科学、技术密切相关．下列有关说法中正确的是（）A．可使用填埋法处理未经分类的生活垃圾B．光化学烟雾的形成与汽车尾气中的氮氧化物有关C．光导纤维都是有机高分子化合物D．“鸟巢”使用钒氮合金钢,该合金熔点、硬度和强度均比纯铁高3．下列有关说法正确的是（）A．在酒精灯加热条件下，Na2CO3、NaHCO3固体都能发生分解B．Fe（OH)3胶体无色、透明，能发生丁达尔现象C．H2、SO2、CO2三种气体都可用浓硫酸干燥D．SiO2既能和氢氧化钠溶液反应有能和氢氟酸反应，所以是两性氧化物4．如图是同学们经常使用的某品牌修正液包装标签．小明仔细阅读后,结合自己的生活经验和所学知识得出了修正液的某些性质，小明的推测中合理的是．（）A．修正液的成分对纸张具有强腐蚀性B．修正液中不含有化学物质C．修正液是一种胶体，均一、稳定D．修正液的溶剂易挥发、易燃5．在下列溶液中,能大量共存的离子组是（）A．在强碱性溶液中能大量存在：Na+、K+、Cl﹣、HCO3﹣B．加入金属铝后溶液中有大量气泡产生的溶液中：Fe2+、Mg2+、NO3﹣、Cl﹣C．含有大量Fe3+的溶液中：SCN﹣、I﹣、K+、Br﹣D．溶液通入足量氨气后各离子还能大量存在：K+Na+AlO2﹣、CO32﹣6．取两份铝片，第一份与足量稀硫酸反应,第二份与足量NaOH溶液反应，同温同压下放出相同体积的气体，则两份铝片的质量之比为（）A．2：3 B．1：1 C．3：2 D．1：37．只用一种试剂可以区别NH4Cl、MgCl2、FeSO4、AlCl3、FeCl3五种溶液，这种试剂是（）A．稀硫酸B．氨水 C．AgNO3溶液D．NaOH溶液8．将等物质的量的Na2O和Na2O2分别投入到足量且等质量的水中，得到溶质的物质的量浓度分别为C1和C2的两种溶液，则C1和C2的关系是(）A．C1=C2B．C1＞C2C．C1＜C2D．无法确定9．下列离子方程式书写正确的是（）A．漂白粉溶液中通入过量的CO2：Ca2++2ClO﹣+CO2+H2O═CaCO3↓+2HClOB．氯气与水的反应：Cl2+H2O═2H++Cl﹣+ClO﹣C．NaHCO3溶液中加足量Ba(OH）2溶液：HCO3﹣+Ba2++OH﹣═BaCO3↓+H2OD．钠和冷水反应：Na+2H2O═Na++2OH+H2↑10．由锌、铁、铝、镁四种金属中的两种组成的混合物11。

2014-2015学年宁夏银川一中高一（上）期末物理试卷一、单项选择题（每题5分，共40分）1．（5分）测量“国际单位制选定的三个力学基本物理量“可用下列哪一组仪器（）A．米尺，天平，秒表B．米尺，测力计，秒表C．量筒，天平，秒表D．米尺，弹簧秤，秒表2．（5分）如图，三个大小相等的力F，作用于同一点O，则合力最小的是（）A．B．C．D．3．（5分）沼泽地的下面蕴藏着丰富的泥炭，泥炭是沼泽地积累的植物残体，它的纤维状和海绵状的物理结构导致人在其上面行走时容易下陷（设在下陷过程中，泥炭对人的阻力不计）．如果整个下陷的过程是先加速再减速最后匀速运动，那么，下列说法中正确的是（）A．在加速向下运动时，人对沼泽地的压力大于沼泽地对人的支持力B．在减速向下运动时，人对沼泽地的压力小于沼泽地对人的支持力C．在整个运动过程中，人对沼泽地的压力是先大于后等于沼泽地对人的支持力D．在整个运动过程中，人对沼泽地的压力大小总是等于沼泽地对人的支持力大小4．（5分）做曲线运动的质点，其轨迹上某一点的速度方向（）A．与该点加速度方向相同B．与通过该点的曲线的切线垂直C．与物体在该点所受合力方向相同D．就在通过该点的曲线的切线方向上5．（5分）关于运动的合成与分解，下列说法正确的是（）A．合运动速度的大小等于分运动速度大小之和B．物体的两个分运动若是直线运动，则合运动一定是直线运动C．合运动和分运动所用的时间总是相等的D．若合运动是曲线运动，则加速度不可能是恒定的6．（5分）如图所示，一铁球用一轻绳悬挂于O点，用力F拉住小球，要使轻绳与竖直方向保持66°角不变，且F最小，则F与竖直方向的夹角θ应为（）A．90°B．66°C．24°D．0°7．（5分）如图所示，物块A、B叠放在粗糙的水平桌面上，水平外力F作用在B 上，使A、B一起沿水平桌面向右加速运动．设A、B之间的摩擦力为f1，B与水平桌面间的摩擦力为f2．若水平外力F逐渐增大，但A、B仍保持相对静止，则摩擦力f1和f2的大小（）A．f1不变、f2变大B．f1变大、f2不变C．f1和f2都变大D．f1和f2都不变8．（5分）如图所示，在水平传送带上有三个质量分别为m1、m2、m3的木块1、2、3，中间分别用一原长为L、劲度系数为k的轻弹簧连接起来，木块与传送带间的动摩擦因数为μ，现用水平细绳将木块1固定在左边的墙上，传送带按图示方向匀速运动，当三个木块达到平衡后，2、3两木块之间的距离是（）A．L+B．L+C．L+D．L+二、多项选择题（每题6分，共18分）9．（6分）下列关于摩擦力的说法正确的是（）A．静止的物体可以受到滑动摩擦力，运动的物体也可以受到静摩擦力B．物体所受的滑动摩擦力或静摩擦力既可以充当动力也可以充当阻力C．相互接触的物体之间，压力增大，摩擦力也增大D．两物体间有弹力但不一定有摩擦力，而两物体间有摩擦力则一定有弹力10．（6分）如图所示，两个质量均为m的小球A和B分别用细绳和轻弹簧连接，悬挂于竖直方向上保持静止状态．当剪断细绳的瞬间，关于A和B的加速度说法正确的是（）A．a A=g B．a B=0 C．a A=2g D．a B=g11．（6分）放在水平地面上的一物块，受到方向不变的水平推力F的作用，力F 的大小与时间t的关系如甲图所示；物块的运动速度v与时间t的关系如乙图所示，6s后的速度图象没有画出，g取10m/s2．下列说法正确的是（）A．滑动时受的摩擦力大小是3NB．物块的质量为1.5kgC．物块在6﹣9s内的加速度大小是2.0m/s2D．物块前6s内的平均速度大小是4.0m/s三、填空题（每空3分，共12分）12．（6分）一质量为60kg的人静止站在升降机里的体重计上，当升降机以2m/s2的加速度匀减速上升时，体重计的示数为N；当升降机以2m/s2的加速度匀减速下降时，体重计的示数为N．（重力加速度g取10m/s2）13．（3分）一条笔直的小河河宽为120m，河水的流速大小为4m/s，船在静水中的速度大小为3m/s，则船渡河的最短时间为秒．14．（3分）如图所示，在离水面高为h的岸边，有人以v0的速率匀速收绳使船靠岸，当船与岸上定滑轮间的水平距离为s时，船速的大小是．（船可视为质点）四、实验题（每题5分，共10分）15．（5分）如图，某同学在家中尝试验证平行四边形定则，他找到三条相同的橡皮筋（遵循胡克定律）和若干小重物，以及刻度尺、三角板、铅笔、细绳、白纸、钉子，设计了如下实验：将两条橡皮筋的一端分别挂在墙上的两个钉子A、B上，另一端与第三条橡皮筋连接，结点为O，将第三条橡皮筋的另一端通过细绳挂一重物．（1）为完成该实验，下述操作中必需的是．a．测量细绳的长度b．测量橡皮筋的原长c．测量悬挂重物后橡皮筋的长度d．记录悬挂重物后结点O的位置（2）钉子位置固定，欲利用现有器材，改变条件再次验证，可采用的方法是．16．（5分）在探究加速度与力、质量的关系实验中，采用如图1所示的实验装置，小车的质量用M表示，盘及盘中砝码的质量用m表示，小车的加速度可由小车拖动的纸带由打点计时器打上的点计算出。

银川一中2016/2017学年度(上)高一期末考试物理试卷一．单选题（3分×10 = 30分）1．力学中，选定下列哪组物理量为基本物理量A．力、长度、质量B．位移、质量、时间C．长度、力、时间 D．长度、质量、时间2．两个物体相互接触，关于接触处的弹力和摩擦力，以下说法正确的是A．一定有弹力，但不一定有摩擦力B．如果有弹力，则一定有摩擦力C．如果有摩擦力，则一定有弹力D．如果有摩擦力，则其大小一定与弹力成正比3．关于静摩擦力，下列说法正确的是:A．两个相对静止的物体之间一定有静摩擦力的作用;B．静摩擦力一定是阻力;C．受静摩擦力作用的物体一定是静止的;D．在压力一定的条件下，静摩擦力的大小是可以变化的，但有一定限度。

4．下面说法中正确的是A．当物体的运动状态发生变化时，它一定受到外力作用B．静止或做匀速直线运动的物体，一定不受外力的作用C．当物体的速度等于零时，它一定处于平衡状态D．物体的运动方向一定是它所受的合外力的方向5．对静止在光滑水平面上的物体施加一水平拉力，当力刚开始作用的瞬间A．物体立即获得加速度B．物体立即获得速度C．物体同时获得速度和加速度D．由与物体未来得及运动，所以速度和加速度都为零。

6．如图所示，AB两物体受到F1=10N，F2=20N的水平向右力的作用，但都保持静止，则A物体受到的擦力Fμ1和地面对B的摩擦力Fμ2大小、方向分别为A．F μ1=10N 向左，Fμ2=20N 向左；B．Fμ1=10N 向左，Fμ2=30N 向左C ．F μ1=10N 向左，F μ2=10N 向左；D ．F μ1=10N 向右，F μ2=30N 向左7．平面内作用于同一点的四个力若以力的作用点为坐标原点，有F 1=5N ，方向沿x 轴的正向；F 2=6N ，沿y 轴正向；F 3=4N ，沿ｘ轴负向；F 4=8N ，沿y 轴负向，以上四个力的合力方向指向A ．第一象限 B ．第二象限C ．第三象限D ．第四象限8．物体受到下列几组共点力的作用，其中一定能使物体产生加速度的是 A ．1N ，3N ，5N B ．2N ，4N ，6N C ．3N ，4N ，5ND ．4N ，6N ，8N9．如图所示，一箱苹果沿着倾角为θ的斜面， 以速度v 匀速下滑．在箱子的中央有一只质量为m 的苹果，它受到周围苹果对它作用力的方向 A ．沿斜面向上 B ．沿斜面向下C ．竖直向上D ．垂直斜面向上10．如图所示，OP 是轻弹簧，OQ 是水平轻绳，小球在弹簧和绳子的作用下处于静止状态。