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益气活血中药脑泰方对脑缺血后海马CA2区铁跨膜转运蛋白表达的调节作用廖君;杨梅;石咏梅;余清平;黄娟;葛金文【摘要】目的:研究脑缺血后铁跨膜转运蛋白:转铁蛋白受体(Transferrin Receptor,TFR)、膜铁转运蛋白(Ferroportin,Fpn)、二价金属离子转运体(Divalent Metal Ion Transporter 1,DMTl)、人类猫白血病C亚类病毒受体(Feline Leukemia Virus Subgroup C Receptor,FLVCR)、胸腺癌抵抗蛋白(Breast Cancer Resistance Protein,BCRP)在益气活血法脑泰方(黄芪、川芎、地龙、僵蚕)干预后的表达变化.方法:随机将SD大鼠分为假手术组、模型组、脑泰方低、中、高剂量组(3、9、27 g/kg).各组大鼠预处理灌胃给药连续3d,大脑中动脉栓塞法(Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion,MCAO)模型制备术后连续灌胃给药3d,1次/d.术后3d取材,免疫组织化学及Western-blot检测TFR、Fpn、DMT1、FLVCR、BCRP的表达.结果:脑泰方高剂量组缺血海马CA2区TFR表达明显降低(P ＜0.05),DMT1量的表达减少(P＜0.05),Fpn表达明显增高(P＜0.05).脑泰方各剂量组FLVCR表达明显增高(P＜0.05),各脑泰方治疗组BCRP表达与模型组无差异.结论:脑泰方通过减少TFR、DMT1的表达,抑制铁的细胞内转运,增加Fpn、FLVCR的表达,促进胞内铁的外排,调节铁代谢,起到神经元的保护作用.【期刊名称】《世界中医药》【年(卷),期】2016(011)004【总页数】5页(P592-596)【关键词】脑泰方提取物;铁跨膜转运蛋白;脑缺血【作者】廖君;杨梅;石咏梅;余清平;黄娟;葛金文【作者单位】湖南中医药大学,长沙,410208;湖南中医药大学,长沙,410208;湖南中医药大学,长沙,410208;湖南中医药大学,长沙,410208;湖南中医药大学,长沙,410208;湖南中医药大学,长沙,410208【正文语种】中文【中图分类】R2-031铁是神经元功能和生存的一个重要微量元素。
黑参国内外研究进展陈林;郭建鹏【摘要】In recent years, black ginseng is regarded as the high-end product of ginseng in international market, which hashigh research value. However, domestic and foreign research on black ginseng is less than red ginseng and dry radix ginseng, review the related literatures at home and abroad, summarize the processing technology, chemical composition, pharmacological effects and detection methods of black ginseng, and provide reference for the quality control, rational drug use and further research and development of black ginseng. In the future, we should conduct in-depth research in the standard processing technology, quality control standards, and specific pharmacological active ingredients.%近年来, 在国际市场上黑参被认为是人参中的高端产品, 具有很高的研究利用价值, 与红参与生晒参相比, 国内外对黑参的研究较少.作者通过查阅国内外文献, 对黑参的炮制工艺、活性成分、药理作用及分析方法进行综述, 以期为黑参质量控制、合理用药及进一步研究开发提供参考.【期刊名称】《人参研究》【年(卷),期】2019(031)001【总页数】5页(P42-46)【关键词】人参;炮制;活性成分;药理作用;分析方法【作者】陈林;郭建鹏【作者单位】延边大学药学院,延吉 133002;延边大学药学院,延吉 133002;长白山生物资源与功能分子教育部重点实验室(延边大学),延吉 133002【正文语种】中文黑参为五加科植物人参（Panax ginseng C.A.Mey）经九蒸九曝、反复蒸制烘干炮制得到的一种新型人参炮制品[1～2]。
国内标准化和纯化植物提取物目录(133种) 序号产品名称Name产品成分Actirerediens产品规格Specication功能用途1B 白柳皮提取物White willowBark P.E 水杨苷SalicinHPLC2.0%HPLC7.5%HPLC15%HPLC25%HPLC30%解热镇痛,镇静安眠,用于神经痛和感冒,抗风湿。
助消化作用。
2 白屈菜提取物Cheliconium P.E 白屈菜碱Chelidonine总碱3%5%50%,90%镇静止痛,解痉镇咳,祛痰平喘,抗炎,抗病毒,抗菌,抗肿瘤。
3 白芸豆提取物菜豆素1% 减肥4 白桦茸提取物多糖30%,50% 降血糖5 白芍提取物芍药苷 2.4%6 博落回提取物Alkaloids 20%、30%、40%、50%、60%7C 松树皮提取物Pine bark P.E 前青花素Proanthocyanidins40%95%抗氧化,预防癌症,对循环系统紊乱的疼痛和炎症有效。
8 刺梨提取物维生素C 5%,7%9 刺五加提取物SiberianGinseng.PE 刺五加苷B+E Eleutheroside Band EHPLC0.8%(0.3+0.5)治疗抑郁症脑血栓高血脂底血压冠心病糖尿病白细胞减少症,10 穿心莲提取物HerbaAndrographis 穿心莲内酯Andrographloide50%,95%HPLC抗菌消炎,用于呼吸道感染,流感,痢疾,钩端螺旋体。
P.E11 茶树菇提取物多糖25%12 茶叶提取物Green Tea P.E EGCGEGCG80%95%主要用于抗肿瘤。
13 桑叶提取物DNJ 0.4-1.0%14 柴胡提取物Radix BupleuriP.E 柴胡皂苷Saikosaponin6.0% 抗炎,降血脂,抗病毒, 抗癌,解肝毒。
15 陈皮提取物CitriReticulatae.P.E 柚皮甙Naringin柚皮素98%98%抗菌,抗炎,抗癌,解痉利胆,具有抗氧化物抗肝毒作用。
三七总皂苷中代表性皂苷含量测定方法学的建立及稳定性研究陆燕;潘旭【摘要】Objective:The HPLC method for simultaneous determination of notoginsenoside R1, ginsenoside Rg1 and ginsenoside Rb1 in Panax notoginseng saponins (PNS) was established to study the stability of the saponins under different states. Methods:Acetonitrile-water system was used as the mobile phase, and the method speciifcity, linearity, precision, recovery were studied. The stability of the three saponins in different pH solutions and solid state was evaluated. Results: The results of method validation showed good speciifcity, effective separation and quantiifcation, as well as good linearity of the three saponins in their linear range. The precision RSD values were less than 2%, average recovery rates were (98.98 ± 0.60)%, (98.86 ± 0.34)%and (100.19 ± 0.64)%for the three saponins respectively. The stability results showed that the stability of the three saponins was closely related to the pH value under the solution state, with rapid degradation about 80%in 24 h in pH 1.2 solutions and little degradation in the other test medium. In the solid powder state, the stability of saponins was good under the experimental high temperature, high humidity and highlight conditions, while a little moisture absorption was found in the high humidity conditions. Conclusion:The HPLC method was reliable. Stability of three saponins was closely related to the pH value of solution, while they were stable under solid state.%目的：建立同时测定三七总皂苷中三七皂苷R1、人参皂苷Rg1和人参皂苷Rb1三种成分的含量测定方法，并对其各种状态下的稳定性进行研究。
-基础研究-基于SNP 双峰法的人参花西洋参花三七花及其混合物的快速鉴定"曹佩，王刚，白璇姣，韩建萍**"［基金项目］ 国家自然科学基金项目(81673552)*［通信作者］ 韩建萍，研究员，研究方向：中药资源与分子鉴定；TeC (010)57833198 , E-mad ： jphan@ implad. ac. c n中国医学科学院北京协和医学院药用植物研究所国家中医药管理局中药资源保护重点研究室，北京100193［摘要］目的：建立人参花、西洋参花、三七花及两两之间混合物的快速鉴定方法*方法：收集市售人参花) 西洋参花和三七花共计22份，获取样品内转录间隔区2(IPS2)序列*通过数据比对发现，在19〜47 bp 存在这3种花的单核昔酸多态性(SNP )位点，据此建立混合粉末的双峰法检测方法，判断混合物的物种组成*结果：市售22份商品的DNA 条形码序列经BLAST 鉴定均为正品，但经SNP 位点分析发现，有2份西洋参花样品(S1和S7) SNP 位点处出现双峰［胸腺嚏喘(T )/胞嚏喘(C )］、C/T )，判断掺杂有人参花*结论：SNP 双峰法可以作为BLAST 分析的补充手段，应用于混合物的鉴定，为花茶类产品的市场监管提供参考*［关键词］人参花；西洋参花$三七花；单核昔酸多态性；混合物［中图分类号］R282［文献标识码］A ［文章编号］1673-4890(2021)01-0037-07doi ：10. 13313/j. ion. 1673-4890. 20200825006Rapid Identification Method of Panax ginseng Flower , P. quinquefolium Flower , P. notoginseng Flowerand Theic Mixhire Base' on SNP Double Peak MethodCAO Pei , WANG Gang , BA 【Xuan-jiao , HAN Jdn-ping *Key Laboratory ( Chinese Medicine Resources Conservation , State Administration ( Traditional Chinese Medicine (thePeople's RepubUe ( China , Institute ( Medicinal Plant Development , Chinese Acedemy of' Medical Science# &Peking Unio Medical College , Beijing 100193 , China+ Abstract ］ Objective : To establish a rapid identification metfod for the Oow — of Panax ginseng , P. cuinqugbPumand P. notoginseng and theio mixture. Methode : 22 Samples of P. ginsengP. cuinqugbPum flower and P. notopinsengflower were collected and theio internai transcribed spacer 2 ( ITS2) sequences were obtained. The single nucleotidepolymorphism (SNP ) sites were found in the 19^17 bp range of these three flowers , and the SNP doubC peak method was carried out to determine tUe species composition of the mixture. Reselte : The BLAST analysis results based on DNA barcoding sequences indicated that 22 commercial products were authentic. However , this was not consistent with SNP double peakmethod analysis results which demonstrated 20 were authentic ； Two samples of P. qucquefgOum flower ( S1 and S7) showeddouble peaks (T/C, C/T) at SNP sites, which suggested these samples were adulterated with P. ginseng flower. Conclusion :SNPdoubcepeak method can beused asasuppcementaalmeansolBLASTanaclsisloatheidentilication olmixtuaes0Thisstudl wi e paoeidethebasisloathemaaketsupeaeision olleoweapaoducts0+ Keywords ］ Panax ginseng flower ； Panax quinquyoPum flower ； Panax notoginseng flower ； SNP ； mixture人参花、西洋参花和三七花分别来自于人参 Panax ginseng C. A. Mey.、西洋参 P- q uioqugPut L. 和三七 P. notoginseng ( Burk - ) F . H . Chen ,近年来逐 渐被作为“花茶”应用于日常保健。
PNS (panax notoginseng saponins)WS3-B-3590-2001(Z) This products is extracted from rhizome of Araliaceae plants Panax notoginseng (Burk) F.H.Chen by certain technological[Nature] This product is light yellow amorphous powder, with bitter and gradually sweet taste, soluble in methanol, ethanol and water, insoluble in acetone, ethyl ether and benzene, easy to absorb moisture.[Identification]1．Get a little sample and put it into the test tube,and add 1ml acetic anhydride for dissolving, after that, drop 1 to 2 drops of sulfuric acid along the test tube wall, the solution taking on purplish red, and then turn into purple after shaking evenly.2．Take experiment according to the methods provided in the item of [Content Determination] as below. The chromatographic peak of the sample shall be consistent with that of the control substance of ginsenoside Rb1, ginsenoside Rg1 and notoginsenoside R1 in retention time.[Test]loss on dryig, get the samples, then dry under temperature 80℃and is dried until no weight loses. Weight loss should be not more than 5.0%( AppendixIX G,China Pharmacopoeia, 1st edition, 2000) Redidue on ignition, not more than 0.5% (AppendixIX J,China Pharmacopoeia, 1st edition, 2000) Undue toxicity, get some sample, add Sodium Chloride Injection and get the solution 5.0mg/1ml solution as sample solution. Get 5 mice weight 17-20g, inject 0.5ml sample solution into tail vein in 4-5seconds.no mouse died within 48 hours; if some died, repeat the test by 10 mice weigh 18-19g, no mouse died within 48 hoursPyrogen, get some sample, dilute the sample with Sodium Chloride Injection to 5.0mg/1ml solution. Test according the law (Appendix X III A,China Pharmacopoeia, 1st edition, 2000).Inject 0.5 ml solution per kg of rabbits’ body weight, should be up to the standard.[Content Determination] Determine the content by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) (AppendixVI D,China Pharmacopoeia, 1st edition, 2000).Chromatographic conditions and its system suitability Octadecylsilane chemically bonded silica was used as filling material; the mobile phase of acetonitrile (represented as A) and water (represented as B) were used for gradient elution, the flow rate was1.0ml/min and the detective wavelength was 203nm. The theoretical plate number calculated for ginsenoside Rg1shall be no less than 6000; the resolution of ginsenoside Rg1 peak and notoginsenoside R1 peak shall be more than 2.0Take proper amount of ginsenoside Rb1, ginsenoside Rg1 and notoginsenoside R1 which have been dried under decompression at temperature 60℃ for 2 hours, then add 90% methanol. Thus obtain the mixed solution per ml containing 1.5mg ginsenoside Rb1, 1.5mg ginsenoside Rg1 and 0.4mg notoginsenoside R1.Preparation of Sample SolutionTake 50mg the sample, transfer to a 10 ml volumetric flask. Add proper amount of 90% methanolto the level, shake up.Method of Determination10μl of standard solution and sample solution was absorbed and injected into the liquid chromatography respectively, then go through the determination.The sample on the dried basis contains no less than 30% of ginsenoside Rb1 (C54H92O23), 20% of ginsenoside Rg1 (C42H72O14), 5.0% of notoginsenoside R1 (C47H80O18), and the total amount of ginsenoside Rb1, ginsenoside Rg1 and notoginsenoside R1shall be no less than 60% [Indications] Can promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis, inhibit blood platelet aggregation and increase cardio-cerebral blood flow.[Storage] Sealed, store in drying place[Dosage] (1)xuesaitong injection (2) xuesaitong for injection。
注射用血塞通（冻干）Zhusheyong Xuesaitong本品为五加科植物三七Panax notoginseng (Burk.) F. H. Chen的根茎提取物三七总皂苷经加工制成的冻干粉针剂。
【制法】取三七总皂苷400g、200g或100g，用注射用水适量溶解，加针用活性炭脱色，滤过，分别加注射用水至总量，调节pH值至6.5±0.5，滤过，冷冻干燥，制成1000支，即得。
【性状】本品为类白色至淡黄色无定形粉末或疏松固体状物；味苦、微甘；有引湿性。
【鉴别】取本品，照[含量测定]项下的方法试验，供试品色谱图中应呈现与三七总皂苷对照提取物中三七皂苷R1、人参皂苷Rg1、人参皂苷Re、人参皂苷Rb1、人参皂苷Rd色谱峰保留时间相同的色谱峰。
【检查】pH值取本品，加水制成每1ml中含三七总皂苷约50mg的溶液，依法测定（《中国药典》一部附录Ⅶ G），应为5.0～7.0。
溶液的颜色取本品0.25g，加水10ml使溶解后，溶液应澄清；如显色，与黄色4号标准比色液（《中国药典》一部附录ⅪA第一法）比较，不得更深。
干燥失重取本品，在80℃干燥至恒重，减失重量不得过5.0%（《中国药典》一部附录ⅨG）。
有关物质取本品，加水制成每1ml含三七总皂苷50mg的溶液，除钾离子外，照注射剂有关物质检查法（《中国药典》一部附录ⅨS）检查，应符合规定。
炽灼残渣不得超过0.5%（《中国药典》一部附录ⅨJ）。
重金属及有害元素照铅、镉、砷、汞、铜测定法（《中国药典》一部附录ⅨB）测定，以每日最大使用剂量计，铅不得过12µg；镉不得过3µg；砷不得过6µg；汞不得过2µg；铜不得过20µg。
钾离子精密称取本品0.10g，照注射剂有关物质检查法（《中国药典》一部附录ⅨS）检查，应符合规定。
异常毒性取本品，加氯化钠注射液制成每1ml中含三七总皂苷8mg的溶液，依法检查（《中国药典》一部附录ⅩⅢE），应符合规定。
