Book 2-6-1

Book 6 Unit 1Unit OneText IPre-reading Questions1.You may have kept in your memory some words, phrases or even whole sentences that areof great wisdom and can serve as guidelines in your life. Share them with your classmates and discuss their value.2.The two words that, as the author of the text suggests, should be avoided are "if only", andthe two be remembered are "next time". Can you guess, before you read the text, whatmessage the author intends to convey to the reader with such a suggestion?General ReadingI. Judge which of the following best states the purpose of the article.A. To explain how Freud's psychotherapy works.B. To demonstrate the power of positive thinking.C. To call attention to the importance of the choice of words.Key: BII.Judge whether the following statements are true or false.1.That wintry afternoon, the author was in a bad mood and he happened to meet an old friendof his in a French restaurant in Manhattan.2.The Old Man asked the author to go to his office because he thought that the office was abetter place than the restaurant for their talk.3.The three speakers on the tape had all been unfavorably affected by what had happenedto them.4.In the Old Man's opinion, it was a bad way of thinking always to regret what one had doneor had not done.Key: 1. F 2. F 3. T 4. TBackground Notes1.Manhattan , an island near the mouth of the Hudson River, is a borough of New York City, insoutheastern New York State, U.S.A. Commercial and cultural heart of the city, Manhattan is the site of the Metropolitan Opera House, Carnegie Hall, the City Center of Music and Drama, and numerous other music institutions.Book 6 Unit 12.Sigmund Freud (1856–1939) is an Austrian physician and the founder of psychoanalysis. Freudexplored the workings of the human mind and developed psychoanalysis as a therapeutic technique to treat neurosis or mental disturbances.Text StudyTextTwo Words to Avoid, Two to RememberArthur Gordon1Nothing in life is more exciting and rewarding than the sudden flash of insight that leaves you a changed person — not only changed, but changed for the better. Such moments are rare, certainly, but they come to all of us. Sometimes from a book, a sermon, a line of poetry. Sometimes from a friend ...2That wintry afternoon in Manhattan, waiting in the little French restaurant, I was feeling frustrated and depressed. Because of several miscalculations on my part, a project of considerable importance in my life had fallen through. Even the prospect of seeing a dear friend (the Old Man,as I privately and affectionately thought of him) failed to cheer me as it usually did. I sat there frowning at the checkered tablecloth, chewing the bitter cud of hindsight.3 He came across the street, finally, muffled in his ancient overcoat, shapeless felt hat pulled down over his bald head, looking more like an energetic gnome than an eminent psychiatrist. His offices were nearby; I knew he had just left his last patient of the day. He was close to 80, but hestill carried a full case load, still acted as director of a large foundation, still loved to escape to the golf course whenever he could.4By the time he came over and sat beside me, the waiter had brought his invariable bottle of ale. I had not seen him for several months, but he seemed as indestructible as ever. "Well, young man," he said without preliminary, "what's troubling you?"5I had long since ceased to be surprised at his perceptiveness. So I proceeded to tell him, at some length, just what was bothering me. With a kind of melancholy pride, I tried to be very honest. I blamed no one else for my disappointment, only myself. I analyzed the whole thing, allthe bad judgments, the false moves. I went on for perhaps 15 minutes, while the Old Man sipped his ale in silence.6When I finished, he put down his glass. "Come on," he said. "Let's go back to my office." 7"Your office? Did you forget something?"8"No," he said mildly. "I want your reaction to something. That's all."9 A chill rain was beginning to fall outside, but his office was warm and comfortable and familiar: book-lined walls, long leather couch, signed photograph of Sigmund Freud, tape recorder by the window. His secretary had gone home. We were alone.10The Old Man took a tape from a flat cardboard box and fitted it onto the machine. "On this tape," he said, "are three short recordings made by three persons who came to me for help.They are not identified, of course. I want you to listen to the recordings and see if you can pickout the two-word phrase that is the common denominator in all three cases." He smiled. "Don'tlook so puzzled. I have my reasons."11What the owners of the voices on the tape had in common, it seemed to me, was unhappiness. The man who spoke first evidently had suffered some kind of business loss or failure; he berated himself for not having worked harder, for not having looked ahead. The woman who spoke nexthad never married because of a sense of obligation to her widowed mother; she recalled bitterly all the marital chances she had let go by. The third voice belonged to a mother whose teen-age son was in trouble with the police; she blamed herself endlessly.12The Old Man switched off the machine and leaned back in his chair. "Six times in those recordings a phrase is used that's full of subtle poison. Did you spot it? No? Well, perhaps that's because you used it three times yourself down in the restaurant a little while ago." He picked upthe box that had held the tape and tossed it over to me. "There they are, right on the label. The two saddest words in any language."13I looked down. Printed neatly in red ink were the words: If only .14"You'd be amazed," said the Old Man, "if you knew how many thousands of times I've sat inthis chair and listened to woeful sentences beginning with those two words. 'If only,' they say to me,'I had done it differently — or not done it at all. If only I hadn't lost my temper, said the cruel thing, made that dishonest move, told that foolish lie. If only I had been wiser, or more unselfish, or moreself-controlled.' They go on and on until I stop them. Sometimes I make them listen to therecordings you just heard. 'If only,' I say to them, 'you'd stop saying if only , we might begin to get somewhere!'"15 The Old Man stretched out his legs. "The trouble with'if only,'" he said, "is that it doesn't change anything. It keeps the person facing the wrong way — backward instead of forward. It wastes time. In the end, if you let it become a habit, it can become a real roadblock, an excuse for not trying any more.16"Now take your own case: your plans didn't work out. Why? Because you made certain mistakes. Well, that's all right: everyone makes mistakes. Mistakes are what we learn from. But when you were telling me about them, lamenting this, regretting that, you weren't really learning from them."17"How do you know?" I said, a bit defensively.18"Because," said the Old Man, "you never got out of the past tense. Not once did you mention the future. And in a way — be honest, now! — you were enjoying it. There's a perverse streak in all of us that makes us like to hash over old mistakes. After all, when you relate the story of some disaster or disappointment that has happened to you, you're still the chief character, still in the center of the stage."19I shook my head ruefully . "Well, what's the remedy?"20 "Shift the focus," said the Old Man promptly . "Change the key words and substitute a phrasethat supplies lift instead of creating drag."21"Do you have such a phrase to recommend?"22"Certainly. Strike out the words 'if only'; substitute the phrase 'next time.'"23"Next time?"24"That's right. I've seen it work minor miracles right here in this room. As long as a patientkeeps saying 'if only' to me, he's in trouble. But when he looks me in the eye and says 'next time,' I know he's on his way to overcoming his problem. It means he has decided to apply the lessons he has learned from his experience, however grim or painful it may have been. It means he's going to push aside the roadblock of regret, move forward, take action, resume living. Try it yourself. You'll see."25My old friend stopped speaking. Outside, I could hear the rain whispering against the windowpane. I tried sliding one phrase out of my mind and replacing it with the other. It was fanciful, of course, but I could hear the new words lock into place with an audible click....26The Old Man stood up a bit stiffly. "Well, class dismissed. It has been good to see you,young man. Always is. Now, if you will help me find a taxi, I probably should be getting on home."27We came out of the building into the rainy night. I spotted a cruising cab and ran toward it,but another pedestrian was quicker.28"My, my," said the Old Man slyly. "If only we had come down ten seconds sooner, we'd have caught that cab, wouldn't we?"29I laughed and picked up the cue. "Next time I'll run faster."30"That's it," cried the Old Man, pulling his absurd hat down around his ears. "That's it exactly!"31Another taxi slowed. I opened the door for him. He smiled and waved as it moved away. Inever saw him again. A month later, he died of a sudden heart attack, in full stride, so to speak.32More than a year has passed since that rainy afternoon in Manhattan. But to this day, whenever I find myself thinking "if only", I change it to "next time". Then I wait for that almost-perceptible mental click. And when I hear it, I think of the Old Man.33 A small fragment of immortality, to be sure. But it's the kind he would have wanted.Words and Phrases1.prospect n. sth. one expects to happen; a possibility or likelihood of sth. happeninge.g. I look forward to the prospect of being a volunteer doing social work in the GreatNorthwest.There is a reasonable prospect of reaching the trapped miners within the next 24 hours.prospects pl. — opportunitiese.g. Most people are not quite optimistic about the prospects for/of employment.Don't think too much how the job pays now. What really matters is that it holds good prospects.2.eminent adj. famous and respected within a particular profession, e.g. eminentdoctor/surgeon/scientist, etc.3.invariable adj. never changinge.g. The invariable question the mother asked her child after school every day was: "How dideverything go today?"4.proceed v. begin a course of actione.g. After the preparations had been made, we proceeded to draft the plan.5.at some length : (formal ) in some detaile.g. She described to us her trip to New Zealand at some length.cf. at length — after a long time; at laste.g. He thought over the mathematical problem day and night and solved it at length.6.false move : an unwise action that turns out to be a mistake and brings one risks or failuree.g. Be very careful with the designing of the plan; a false move and it will fall through.7.berate v. (formal ) scold or criticize angrily because of a faulte.g. Don't berate anyone just because he has made a mistake. Don't we all make mistakes fromtime to time?ment v. feel or express deep sorrow (for or because of sth.)e.g. One should not lament the past mistakes, but should try to do better later.9.ruefully adv. regretfullye.g. He faced his recent failure ruefully.10. promptly adv. quickly, at oncee.g. He always responded to the customers' requests promptly.11.grim adj. harsh, unpleasant, dreadfule.g. He was depressed when he heard the grim news that two-thirds of the workforce mightbe discharged.Notes1. the sudden flash of insight that leaves you a changed person: the quick and spontaneousunderstanding that makes you a different persona flash of insight—an understanding that comes to one suddenly and quicklyleave (with object and adverbial or complement) — cause (object) to be or to remain in aparticular state or positione.g. Buying an expensive car has left the family penniless.The children were left in the care of the nanny.2.chewing the bitter cud of hindsight : thinking repeatedly about the painful realization of what hadhappenedLiterally cud means "partly digested food returned from the first stomach of ruminants to the mouth for further chewing" ( 反刍的食品 ). When an animal chews the cud, it chews further the partly digested food. When a person chews the cud, he thinks about something reflectively.e.g. He chewed the cud for a long while before he set pen to paper.hindsight — understanding the reasons for an event or situation only after it has happenede.g. The accident could have been avoided with the wisdom of hindsight.With hindsight they should not have left their little daughter alone in the country villa.3.he still carried a full case load: he still kept himself fully occupied in the treatment of hispatientscase load — the number of patients a doctor has to deal with4.I had long since ceased to be surprised at his perceptiveness.: I had long before come toknow that he was good at perceiving how others thought and felt; so I was not at all surprised when he noticed my troubled state.perceptiveness(n.) — unusual ability to notice and understand; awareness and understandinge.g. We all admired his perceptiveness; he was always so quick to respond to a new situation.5.With a kind of melancholy pride: Apparently the author was still proud of his "project ofconsiderable importance", though he was sad because of "several miscalculations on his part".mon denominator : This is a term used in mathematics, meaning "the common multipleof the denominator of several fractions" ( 公分母 ). In this context, it means "the characteristic shared by the three persons", i.e. the phrase if only was used by all three of them.7.all the marital chances she had let go by : all the chances for her to get married she hadmissedlet (sth.) go by—lose sth.e.g. The short course is a good opportunity for you to learn a skill. Don't let it go by.8.There's a perverse streak in all of us that makes us like to hash over old mistakes. : There's anobstinately unreasonable quality in all of us which makes us enjoy bringing up old mistakes again for consideration.perverse — (of a person or one's actions) showing an obstinate desire to behave in anunreasonable waye.g. We just couldn't understand her perverse decision against the majority.streak — an element of a specified kind in one's character（性格行为的）偏向, an often unpleasant characteristice.g. Her streak of stubbornness makes her difficult to get along with.hash over — (slang) bring up (sth.) again for consideratione.g. What has been done cannot be undone. Don't hash over past mistakes. Cheer up and tryto do better next time.9.substitute a phrase that supplies lift instead of creating drag: use a phrase (in place of ifonly)that provides encouragement that pushes you forward instead of discouragement that pulls you backwardsubstitute (v.) — use (sth.) in place of (sth. else)e.g. The old lady suffers from diabetes, so she substitutes saccharine for sugar/so shesubstitutes sugar with saccharine.substitute (n.) — a person or thing acting or used in place of anothere.g. The actress's substitute performed as well as the actress herself.10.when he looks me in the eye : when he looks directly at me without showing embarrassment,fear, or shame11.I could hear the new words lock into place with an audible click: I could sense the newwords firmly fixed in my mind without any doubt12.that almost-perceptible mental click : the reminder provided by the Old Man that canroughly be felt in the mind13. a small fragment of immortality: a small piece of advice to be remembered foreverQuestions1.How were the author and the old man related?Key: The old man was an eminent psychiatrist and the author was a client of his.2.According to the author, how much did the session with his psychiatrist friend that afternoonmean to him? (para. 1)Key: To him, the session was just like "a flash of insight that leaves him a changed person —not only changed, but changed for the better."3.Why did the old man let the author listen to the three speakers on the tape? (para.15)Key: The three speakers on the tape were all unhappy, and the two words they all used frequently in what they said were "if only". What the old man wanted to point out to the author was that to keep saying "if only" would not change anything; on the contrary, it only kept the person facing the wrong way — backward instead of forward. Thus it did more harm than good to the person who kept saying them.Book 6 Unit 14.What did the old man advise the author to do to get out of his depressed state of mind? (para.20)Key: Shift the focus; substitute "next time" for "if only".5.In what way are the two phrases "if only" and "next time" different? (para. 20)Key: They point to entirely different mental directions; one is backward and negative, and the other forward and positive.6.What do you think is the tone of the passage?Key: It is instructive and inspirational.Activity1.Failures and setbacks are an inevitable part of our life. Tell your classmates about one such"unfortunate" experience and how you managed to get back on your feet.Sentence patterns for yourreference When I was ... I met ...It is true that life is ...In spite of the ..., I ...2.Discuss the "flash of insight" Gordon suddenly got. What psychological effect did this piece ofadvice produce on Gordon? Do you believe that one's mentality is an essential factor when one is unfortunately thrown into adversity? Give examples to support your view.Sentence patterns for your referenceIn case one meets ..., it is essential that ...As in Gordon's case, ...An example to show ... is that ...Organization and DevelopmentNarrationIn terms of mode of development, the present text is basically a narration, in which the author, Arthur Gordon, relates his meeting with his psychiatrist friend "the Old Man".Characteristics of NarrationThe purpose of a narration is to recount an event or a series of events; therefore it is usually chronological in its arrangement of details . The chief purpose of narration is to interest and entertain , though, of course, it may be used to instruct and inform.Narrative Structure of the TextGordon's purpose of writing, obviously, is not just to tell what happened during his meeting with his friend, but, more importantly, to instruct. The instructive significance of the story is madeclear in the first paragraph. In the first few lines Gordon has already made it clear to the readerthat what he is going to do is to tell how "the sudden flash of insight that leaves you a changed person — not only changed, but changed for the better — ... Sometimes from a friend."In the first three paragraphs, which serve as a kind of introduction to the narration, we learn something about the physical circumstances for the meeting, i.e. the time — one rainy wintry afternoon, and the place — a French restaurant in Manhattan; the author's somber mood caused by his failure to complete an important project; and also something about the Old Man — his age, his profession, and perhaps more importantly, his positive attitude towards life.The last two paragraphs form a sort of conclusion, in which what the author has learnedfrom his friend, which is also what he wants his readers to learn, is explicitly stated: ... whenever I find myself thinking "if only", I change it to "next time".TranslationEnglish-Chinese Translation1.Even the prospect of seeing a dear friend (the Old Man, as I privately and affectionatelythought of him) failed to cheer me as it usually did.译文：即便想到要见一位好朋友（私底下，我会平和地把他想成“老头子” ），我也快乐不起来，尽管平时不是这样的。

Book 2Unit 1Compr‎e hens‎i on Check‎i ngII. T; F; T; T; F; TVocab‎u lary‎Build‎i ngI. limit‎i ng; finan‎ced; face; runni‎n g; finan‎ce; riski‎n g; peake‎d; limit‎; faced‎; peak; run; riskII. ratio‎; ally; optim‎i stic‎; jolti‎n g; spike‎d; pledg‎e; monet‎a ry; reces‎si on; dimin‎i s hed‎; subsi‎d y;relyi‎n g on; toxic‎a ntTrans‎l atio‎n Train‎i ng1) Centr‎a l banks‎and gover‎n ment‎s are essen‎tial to breat‎h e life into the globa‎l econo‎m y and mitig‎a te (减轻) the effec‎t s of the crisi‎s.要为全球经‎济注入生机‎、减轻危机的‎影响，各国央行和‎政府的参与‎至关重要。

2) Such a backd‎oor deal would‎presu‎m ably‎pull the plug on the ralli‎e s.这样的秘密‎交易可能使‎结盟土崩瓦‎解。

3) Worse‎, all of the world‎’s advan‎c ed econo‎m ies are in reces‎s ion.更糟的是，全球先进经‎济体都在衰‎退。

4) Only when insol‎v ent banks‎are shut down, other‎s are clean‎e d up, and the debt level‎ of insol‎vent house‎holds‎is reduc‎e d will condi‎t ions‎ease.只有当银行‎破产关闭，其他的被清‎理，破产户债务‎水平减少，才会使得条‎件放松。

新视野大学英语第三版第二册unit1课文翻译与习题答案课文 A一堂难忘的英语课1 如果我是唯一一个还在纠正小孩英语的家长，那么我儿子也许是对的。

对他而言，我是一个乏味的怪物：一个他不得不听其教诲的父亲，一个还沉湎于语法规则的人，对此我儿子似乎颇为反感。

2 我觉得我是在最近偶遇我以前的一位学生时，才开始对这个问题认真起来的。

这个学生刚从欧洲旅游回来。

我满怀着诚挚期待问她：“欧洲之行如何？”3 她点了三四下头，绞尽脑汁，苦苦寻找恰当的词语，然后惊呼：“真是，哇！”4 没了。

所有希腊文明和罗马建筑的辉煌居然囊括于一个浓缩的、不完整的语句之中！我的学生以“哇！”来表示她的惊叹，我只能以摇头表达比之更强烈的忧虑。

5 关于正确使用英语能力下降的问题，有许多不同的故事。

学生的确本应该能够区分诸如their / there / they‟re 之间的不同，或区别complimentary 跟complementary之间显而易见的差异。

由于这些知识缺陷，他们承受着大部分不该承受的批评和指责，因为舆论认为他们应该学得更好。

6 学生并不笨，他们只是被周围所看到和听到的语言误导了。

举例来说，杂货店的指示牌会把他们引向stationary（静止处），虽然便笺本、相册、和笔记本等真正的stationery (文具用品) 并没有被钉在那儿。

朋友和亲人常宣称They‟ve just ate。

实际上，他们应该说They‟ve just eaten。

因此，批评学生不合乎情理。

7 对这种缺乏语言功底而引起的负面指责应归咎于我们的学校。

学校应对英语熟练程度制定出更高的标准。

可相反，学校只教零星的语法，高级词汇更是少之又少。

还有就是，学校的年轻教师显然缺乏这些重要的语言结构方面的知识，因为他们过去也没接触过。

学校有责任教会年轻人进行有效的语言沟通，可他们并没把语言的基本框架——准确的语法和恰当的词汇——充分地传授给学生。

8 因为语法对大多数年轻学生而言枯燥且乏味，所以我觉得讲授语法得一步一步、注重技巧地进行。

选择题1.I won’t pay you today unless you finish the work in time.2.He was brave; no other soldier fought so bravely in that battle.3.Don’t blame it on me. In fact, I have nothing to do with that.4.The police asked me for information on the accident.5.I didn’t buy the apples; she gave them to me for nothing.6.I won’t pay $20 for the coat; it’s not worth all that much.7.It would have been a good match, had it not rained.8.After the rescue of the climbers, the police were praised for their work.9.Peter’s car is out of order. All he can do now is to walk to the nearest telephone.10.Tom is the captain of our team, and we all have confidence in him.11.They had a long and exhausting meeting this morning.12.People like working in a pleasant atmosphere.13.John is busy seeking a job as he will graduate next month.14.Confine your resume to two typewritten pages or less.15.His proper behavior gave a good impression on the interviewer.16.Jack has a strong sense of duty.17.The young man wants to get a better job and earn more money.18.His silly questions always annoy me very much.19.Let me measure you so that I can make you a suit.20.At the moment it is difficult to assess the extent of the damage.21. A dress made of our new material is quite easy to wash.22.Today the public is becoming concerned about the way the environment is damaged.23.I can tell you for sure that the new building will have been finished by the time you comeback next year.24.The number of spelling mistakes in his paper was so big that everyone was taken aback bythat.25.We have no idea which hotel we are to stay at when we get to Beijing.26.Judging from what he said, Tom seemed to have understood everything already.27.On getting off the rain, the Minister found himself closely surrounded by large number ofreporters.28.Those who know Tom will not deny that he is one of the brightest students who havegraduated from Boston University.29.To our greatest delight we found that our hotel was only within a stones’ throw to the sea.30.Can you tell me which you like best, coffee, milk or tea?31.I’m used to staying up late at night.32.In the meantime, the question facing business is whether such research is worth the cost.33.Let us get out quickly. It is no good wasting time.34.Look at the terrible situation I am in! If only had followed your advice.35.Mrs. Brown is supposed to have left for Italy last week.36.My sick father was going to Tokyo, but the doctor suggested that he should not go there.37.No matter how frequently performed, the works of Beethoven always attract large audiences.38.Silver is the best conductor of electricity, copper following it closely.39.My clock didn’t work this morning. It needs repairing.paring Julia with Alice, you can find Alice is the more intelligent of the two.41.His father is outstanding physicist, and a famous writer as well.42.Being asked to sing a song for her friends, Helen couldn’t very well refuse.43.Nick’s father is something of a musician.44.He preferred to continue his work rather than rest on his achievements.45.It’s obvious that wooden bridges are inferior to concrete bridges.46.I have two brothers, One is at college, the other works in a factory.47.Not being able to help him, I told Jim to do himself.48.Although it was raining, many visitors had picnics in the woods.49.The shop assistant wrote out a receipt for the customer who bought a camera.50.“Do you have much work to do this weekend?”“Yes, I have to write a two-thousand-wordpaper.”51.Since studies have shown a relationship between cancer and cigarette smoking, many peoplehave cut down smoking.52.So far as I am aware, there were no problems during the first six months.53.Ignorance and poverty often go hand in hand.54.I had thought it would be a rainy day but on the contrary we had fine sunshine.55.I can assure you that if a message is really important it well reach you sooner or later.56.He was concerned about his family; he had been out of touch with them for a month.57.The high turnout of the audience, as we had expected, was well over one thousand.58.With several reports to write, I doubt if I shall have time to visit you.59.I wonder if you could help me to make out what the teacher wrote on the blackboard.60.John has a gift for conversation. He can carry on talking for several hours running.61.The fire had been burning for three hours before the fire fighters arrived.62.He is ill and he has not eaten any food since last night.63.The flood might have caused sever damage to the people had we not built so many reservoirs.64.I regret to inform(有informing就填informing) you that you are to be dismissed next week.65.One doctor suggests that people write until they are tired of writing and then read over whatthey have written.66.We will not start the project he comes back from the United States.67.Young as he is, he has been exposed to different cultures during his travels with his father.68.Had I taken my umbrella with me this morning, I would not be wet now.69.Gentle exercise is the most common advice to people who wish to stay healthy.70.Unless heated, a body will have no tendency to expand.语法填空(我看好第一篇)1. The end of the exam procedure, which is in some cases worse than revision period, is awaiting the results. While waiting you can’t do much about your own school work. You feel that it is very hard to resist the temptation to light a fire with all your notebooks and files instead of logs, but at the same time you feel that you had better keep all your notes safe in case you discover you have failed and need to retake all your subject. The worst day of all is the one when you know that the postman is to deliver the letter which will inform you whether the academic world considers you a failure or a success, whether you can get the job you want, or go to the university you wish to attend. That envelope is to contain the key to your future and, perhaps most important of all, to inform you whether you need to suffer again the horrors of exams.2. Small as it is , the pen has changed the course of history, recorded events, carried news, and done more work for mankind than all other tools or weapons. Progress without it would it would have been almost impossible. The invention of the wheel and screw, the introduction of steam power, the use of electricity, all these have changed the lives of millions. But the pen has done more. It has prepared the way for all progress. Whatever plans have been draw up have come from the pen. Behind all we do today is the pen. We cannot sign a check or write a letter or complete a business exchange without our pen. The student would fail to pass his examination without it.3. When I was 14, I got a job at the local hospital, where I was told that my duties would include mopping floors. Even though my job did not pay much, I was thrilled to have any work to do at all.I didn’t see it as a handicap(障碍) but as a challenge, because it was my first job. I learned to be punctual and to meet certain standards. In return, I was treated with respect by the hospital staff and the patients. Each morning I imagined that the plates coated with oatmeal(燕麦粥) would only make patients more sick, if I were not there to wash them clean. Once breakfast was over, I worked hard to mop the floors of all the patient wards(病房), and clean the toilets. Though I was very tired, I wanted the job to be done well. People would beam and say, “That young guy surely does a job.” That gave me a great sense of pride.clothes or their way of speech, this will make the young people extremely happy. A young manyoungsters, my advice is this: “If you plan to control your own life, you’d better win your parents翻译1. In China, it is unlawful to cut down trees without permission.未经许可砍伐树木。

Student Book 2（UNIT1—4）单元的重点知识Lesson 1: May I Go to Beijing?1. Mom, may I go on a trip to Beijing? 妈妈，我可以去北京旅行吗？May I…? 用来表示请求对方许可。

在口语中常用can代替may。

其回答如下：go on a trip是“去旅行”的意思。

例如：They are going on a trip to Mount Emei. 他们要去峨眉山旅行。

2. You’re too young to go, Li Ming. 李明，你太小了，不能去。

too…to…意思是“太……以至于不能……”。

例如：He is too young to ride the bicycle. 他太小了，还不能骑自行车。

3. But Beijing is far from our city. 但北京离我们城市很远。

far from意思是“远离”。

例如：My home is far from our school. 我家离学校很远。

4. You work hard in school. 你在学校很努力。

此句也可以说：You work hard at school.。

work hard意为“努力学习；努力工作”。

hard 是副词，意为“努力地”。

而hard work则意为“艰难的工作”。

hard是形容词，意为“困难的”。

Lesson 2: May I Invite Danny and Jenny?1. May I invite them, Mom? 妈妈，我可以邀请他们吗？invite是动词，常与to连用，意为“邀请”。

例如：I often invite my friends to my house. 我经常邀请我的朋友到我家里做客。

She invited us to her party. 她邀请我们参加她的聚会。

2. Please talk to Mrs. Smith. 请您给史密斯太太谈一谈。