下载文档原格式
【西城一模】知识运用（共14分）---、单项填空(共6分，每小题0.5分)从下面各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. ---Jack, thank you for the flowers.--- It’s all right. I hope you like ________.A. theyB.themC. theirD. themselves2. ---What’s the weather like in Australia ________ July?---It is winter there, so it’s a little cold.A. inB. onC. atD. with3. The North Star is one of ________ stars in the night sky.A. brightB. brighterC. brightestD. the brightest4. I’d love to go to the theatre tonight, ________ I am too busy.A. soB. orC. butD. and5. We ________ a few museums while we were in London.A. visitB. visitedC. have visitedD. are visiting6. ---Shall we play tennis now?--- Sorry, I can’t.I ________ my homework.A. doB. didC. have doneD. am doing7.Mr.King ________ a lot about Chinese culture since he came to Beijing.A. has learntB. will learnC. learnsD. learnt8. --- ________ do you like better, carrots or potatoes?---Carrots. They are good for my eyes.A. WhyB. WhichC.WhoD. Whose9. ---My grandma ________ looking at that photo on the wall.---I can understand. It helps her remember her childhood.A. enjoysB. enjoyedC. was enjoyingD. will enjoy10. Mum ________ the window in the kitchen when I got home.A. cleansB. will cleanC. was cleaningD. is cleaning11. Some new airports ________ in the west of our country. It will be very convenientto go there.A. builtB. will buildC. were builtD. will be built12. ---I wonder ________. You are very early every day.--- Only 5 minutes’ walk.A. how far is it from your home to schoolB.how far it is from your home to schoolC. how far was it from your home to schoolD. how far it was from your home to schoo一、单项填空（共6分，每小题0.5分）从下面各题所给的A. B. C.D四个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
北京市2018中考英语一模分类汇编阅读短文，回答问题(2018昌平一模)八、阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。
（共10分，每小题2分）Have you ever been in a rainforest? There aren’t any in Europe but there are some in Africa, Asia and South America. I was in a rainforest once. It was hot and dark. It was also very wet. Water was falling from the leaves of the trees like rain. The ground was covered with dead leaves but there were thousands of new plants growing.The most exciting plants were the large trees. Some were 50 meters high. I could only see little pieces of blue sky through the leaves. All the trees had small plants growing on them, and some of these had beautiful, brigh tly colored flowers.It was very noisy. I could hear lots of birds. They were hard to see but I saw one green and red parrot flying high above me. It was beautiful. The insects(昆虫) also made a lot of noise and I could feel them on my arms and legs.I didn’t see any monkeys. They were probably sleeping high up in the treetops.I did see a small snake on the ground. I hate snakes so I walked quickly but carefully out of the forest.I wouldn’t like to live in a rainforest but I am happy that I could see one before they all disappear from Earth.64. Has the writer been to a real rainforest?65. Were there many leaves or flowers on the ground?66. What did the writer see above his head?67. Why did the writer walk quickly and carefully out of the forest?68. How does the writer think of rainforests?（2018朝阳一模）八、阅读短文, 根据短文内容回答问题。
【西城一模】二、完形填空（共8分，每小题1分）阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。
Lyle’s Second GoIn 1982，when I was coaching the Raiders，the owner of the team talked with me about a possible trade for Lyle Alzado. After watching him on tape，I didn’t think he was that good, but the owner felt we could make Lyle better by creating the right environment lor him. We made the 13 .That summer at training camp，Lyle was having a hard time. He had that look in his eyes that many young players and some old p layers get when things aren’t going 14. One morning Lyle came into my office and he looked like he hadn’t slept. Here was a huge man, with his head about as 15 as it could go. We talked, or rather, I listened. The main point was that Lyle felt his career (职业生涯）was over and it would be best for him and for the team if he retired (退役）.He apologized for 16 us since we had just traded for him.Lyle was always an emotional person. This is one of the reasons he was a good player. He 17 all that emotional energy with him, ready to lire out at the snap of the ball (开球）.Now he was in front of me，almost crying. I thought for a moment，realizing we had to keep that 18 going. Then I went through my reasons why he should not retire. At the end of our talk，I said，“You g o out and play your very best, and let us 19 if you still have it. Personally，I think you do.”In January 1984. Tampa Bay Stadium. Super Bowl XVIII. With less than two minutes remaining, we were leading 38-9. We were the world champions of professional football. I saw Lyle，crying like a baby. I had to turn away quickly，or I would have joined him in 20.I remembered that morning in my office，and what Lyle，and what the Raiders，had achieved since he came to us. If Lyle hadn’t given his career another shot, he wouldn’t have had this victory. Maybe the Raiders wouldn’t have had this victory. During that moment，I felt one of the greatest satisfactions of my coaching career.13. A. deal B. plan C. argument D. mistake14. A. away B. over C. well D. fast15. A. low B. cool C. clear D. heavy16. A. pushing B. refusing C. cheating D. disappointing17. A. faced B. carried C. received D. imagined18. A. ball B. fire C. time D. talk19. A. guess B. wonder C. decide D. predict20. A. cheers B. pain C. peace D. tears二、完形填空13. A 14. C 15. A 16. D 17. B18. B 19. C 20. D【东城一模】二、完形填空（共8分，每小题1分）阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。
可编辑修改精选全文完整版【西城一模】四、阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。
（共10分,每小题2分）It was a cold night in Washington, D.C., and I was heading back to the hotel when a man came to me. He asked if I would give him some money so he could get something to eat. I’d read the signs: “Don’t give money to panhandlers (乞丐）.” So I shook my head and kept walking.I wasn’t prepared for a reply, but he said, “I really am homeless and I really am hungry! You can come with me and watch me eat!” But I kept on walking.I couldn’t forget what happened t o me that day for the rest of the week. I had money in my pocket and it wouldn’t have killed me to hand over a dollar or two even if he had been lying. On a very cold night, no less, I thought the worst of a fellow human being. Flying back to Anchorage, I still couldn’t help thinking of him.I was the writer of a weekly garden column (专栏）at The Anchorage Daily News. One day, out of the blue, I came up with an idea. Bean’s Cafe, the soup kitchen in Anchorage, feeds hundreds of hungry people every day. Why not try to get all my readers to plant one row in their gardens for Bean’s? Plant a row and take it down to Bean’s. Clean and simple.We didn’t keep records back then, but the idea began to take off. People would call me when they took something in. Those who only grew flowers gave them away. Food for the spirit.In 1995 , the Garden Writers Association of America ( GWAA) held their meeting in Anchorage and alter learning of Anchorage’s program, Plant a Row for Bean’s became Plant a Row for the Hungry. The idea was to have every member of the Garden Writers Association of America write or talk about planting a row for the hungry.As more and more people started working with the program, many companies gave free seed to customers and had the logo (商标）seen in public.Garden editor Joan Jackson raised more than 30,000 pounds of fruits and vegetables her first year, and showed the public how the program could really work. Texas fruit farms gave away food to their local food bank alter hearing about Plant a Row. Today the program continues to grow.I am shocked that millions of Americans are threatened by hunger. If every gardener in America - and we’re seventy million strong - plants one row for the hungry, we can make a difference in the number of neighbors who do n’t have enough to eat. Maybe then I will stop feeling guilty (愧疚) about walking past a hungry man I could have helped.34. Did the writer give money to the hungry man?35. How did the writer feel alter flying back to Anchorage?36. What did the writer try to get his readers to do?37. What did the GW AA do for the “Plant a Row” program?38. What is the purpose of the program?34. No, he didn't.35. He felt guilty.36. He got his readers to plant a row in gardens for Bean,s.37. It had every member write or talk about planting a row lor the hungry.38. The purpose is to call on more people to help the hungry in America.【东城一模】四、阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。
2018北京六城区高三（一模）分类汇编阅读理解英语【海淀一模】第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，共30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
AHow do I book a place on Airbnb?When you book a place on Airbnb, you are making arrangements to stay inSomeone’s home. Each host has their own st yle of hospitality, starting with howThey like to get to know their guests. Some hosts want to approve reservations,while others are comfortable letting you book their place instantly without waitingfor approval.1. Complete Your Personal DetailsIn e ither case, it’s important to know that Airbnb is a community that relies on trust. Completeyour personal details before you request a reservation with a host, so they can know a little bit aboutyou when they confirm. Your personal details should include photos and verifications (证明），especially because some hosts require guests to have a profile photo and verified ID in order to book.2. Find the Right PlaceWith over 800,000 unique listings around the world，you’ll want to make sure the place you choosehas everything you need for a comfortable and memorable trip. When searching for a place, make sure toinclude your dates and number of guests to get the most accurate pricing. Read reviews, descriptions,house rules, and facilities for each place to see if it’s the right fit for your trip. You can alwayscontact the host if you have any questions about their home.3. Book It!You’ve found the perfect place，and now it’s time to make it official. This is where the host’s preferred way of booking will determine how you5ll confirm your reservation.? Instant BookFor hosts who don’t want to approve each reservation，you’ll see a button on their listing thatsays Instant Book. Like the name suggests，you can confirm a reservation at these places right away.? Request to BookMany hosts prefer to approve reservations before they’re final. In this case，you’ll see a buttonon their listing th at says Request to Book. To submit a reservation request, you’ll need to enter your?payment details.Hosts have 24 hours to accept your request, and your reservation is automatically confirmed once they do.? Pre-approvals and Special OffersIf you decide to contact the host to ask questions before attempting to book, the host may respondto your message by inviting you to make a reservation with either a Pre-approval or a Special Offer.A Pre-approval is an invitation to finish booking for the dates and number of guests you noted in yourmessage. A Special Offer gives the host the opportunity to provide special pricing, dates, and otherreservation details before you book.36. When filling in your personal information, you need to .A. request a reservation with a hostB. ask for approval from the hostC .provide your proof of identity D. trust the community where you live37. To know the exact price, you should .A. check the listings online in advanceB . contact the host to ask questions firstC. confirm your dates and number of guestsD. read previous reviews written by other users38. If you click the Request to Book button, you can .A. get some special discountsB. know the result within a dayC. get the approval immediatelyD. receive a Pre-approval message39. Where is the passage most probably from?A. A news report.B. A shopping guide.C. A travel magazine.D. A research paper.【西城一模】第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，共30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
【西城一模】BJOINING A CHOIRI’ve always loved singing, but singing hasn’t always loved me. Iwould open my mouth with a beautiful song in my head, fully expectingmy voice to follow suit — only to get an awful tone (音调）in return.Still, without a second thought, I continued to try to sing wheneverpossible. On car journeys, when my now twenty something sons weresmall, they would make a great play ( hands over their ears ， shouting‘ No ，Mum ，stop!’) of going through punishment as I sang along to the radio.Never in a hundred years would I have thought about joining a choir. And when I did finally become a member of my first choir 15 years ago, something fantastic happened to my life. From the first time I experienced my voice as something special but also comfortable, in harmony (和谐）with the other singers, I lost my heart to singing. It was like falling in love. And everyone in the choir had the same shining smiles and bright eyes — singing made them feel happy, too.Although it is singing itself that makes me happy ，it is also how a choir works together. There is something magical about breathing together. The voice of everyone singing quietly together is powerful and excitingly mysterious (神秘的），almost spiritual.And there’s the unexpected friendship from the activities we do as a choir: raising money for good causes and taking our singing sometimes to places where people are forgotten and sad.I am now a member of six choirs and ，if I can ，sing every day of the week. I stand in front of several hundred people ，and know that some ，if not all ，of each song will sound not bad at all.24. What did the writer’s sons think of her singing when they were small?A. Terrible.B. Comfortable.C. Fantastic.D. Boring. 25. When did the writer join her first choir?A. A week ago.B. Six years ago.C. Fifteen years ago.D. Twenty years ago.26. What brings the writer the unexpected friendship?A.Having car journeys with her sons.B. Helping others by singing in choirs.C. Having shining smiles and bright eyes.D. Singing in front of hundreds of people.24. A 25. C 26. B【东城一模】BI walked home with my friend Jerry after school. He waved (挥手）goodbye and headed off to his house. When I was walking alone, I suddenly noticed a boy in front of me. He was carrying some of the same school books as mine.He seemed to be singing a song in a very low voice, but I couldn’t understand the words.I caught up to him, and said “Hello there”. He was surprised, and dropped one of his books. I picked it up and handed it to him. He said “Thank you” in a strange way, like with a strong accent ( 口音）.“Your science book is just like mine. ’’“Oh，yes it is，” he said.We soon began walking together and chatting. It turned out he was in my science class, and I didn’t even know it! His name was Ahmad, and his family had just moved here this school year. Ahmad was a hard name to pronounce correctly, but just about the time we reached his house, I could say it quite easily.He invited me into his house, and it seemed like a much better choice than to head right home to start my homework. His family treated me like a special guest. He said in his culture, strangers were always treated very kindly. His mom brought out some great snacks, andoffe red me some tea. Ahmad’s father and two sisters wanted to hear all about me, my family, and my schooling.But their story opened up a whole new world for me! Ahmad’s family had to leave their lifelong home because of the war. They left with only what they could carry. His family was happy to feel safe here, and they seemed pleased that Ahmad brought a friend home.My friendship with Ahmad has continued. I realize that your f riends don’t have to be just like you. There is an old saying —“Variety is the Spice (调味品）of Life”.24. Where did the writer meet Ahmad?A. In his science class.B. At the school gate.C. On his way home.D. At Jerry’s home.25. What can we know about Ahmad5s family?A. They moved here many years ago.B. Their names were difficult to pronounce.C. They welcomed Ahmad’s friend warmly.D. They left their hometown without anything.26. What does the writer learn from his friendship with Ahmad?A. Friends are important in our lives.B. We should be kind to a friend’s family.C. Classmates can easily become good friends.D. People with different backgrounds can be friends.【海淀一模】BRoller Coaster RideI had never been on a real roller coaster. Fear of speed, fear of heights: They just weren't for me. The closest I had ever got was a kiddie-coaster when I was six. It was probably six feet tall, but I had it stopped even before we got up to the first slope.So today I just waited for my friends while they took the53 mph roller-coaster-riding. As they stepped off the ride, they all tried to persuade (说服 ) me to follow them onto the next one.roller coaster"Come on, Lisi!" Jennifer said, "You're so boring! Just come with us!" "It's not that scary," added Jackie, "I'll sit next to you.""Look: This is the slowest ride in the park!" Christina pointed out.Finally, I gave in and agreed to get on the roller coaster, although I still wasn't sure. Of course everyone had come out alive so far, but you never know what will happen.As we stood in line, I got more scared. "It looks really big from down here," I worried out loud. Finally, we reached the front of the line. I sat in a seat with Jackie and said that I would not let go of her hand until we were safely off the ride.As soon as we started moving, I began to scream and held Jackie's hand tightly. We started to climb the slope toward the highest point of the ride.WHOOOOSH!It felt as if something had broken. We started falling fast. The wind blew hard and it seemed like my face would blow off. I screamed so loud that I couldn't hear myself anymore. Oh my gosh, we weren't going to stop! I knew it. This had been a terrible idea. I closed my eyes, never stopping my scream.CLUNK!The ride came suddenly to a stop. I opened my eyes. We were back where we started! I hadn't died! I stepped off the ride, tired and dizzy. My friends looked at me, searching for my reaction."Can we do that again?" I said in a low voice.24. What happened when Lisi was on a kiddie-coaster at six?A. She fell off the ride.B. She refused to step off.C. She had it stopped.D. She screamed with joy25. Lisi finally decided to ride the roller coaster becauseA. her friends persuaded herB. she loved trying new thingsC. her friends enjoyed the rideD. she disliked waiting for friends26. What did the writer think of the roller coaster ride in the end?A. It was boring and tiring.B. It was challenging but fun.C. It was scary and dangerous.D. It was safe but disappointing.【朝阳一模】BHave you ever heard the saying “D on rest on your laurels"？“Laurels” means the achievementsyouhavealreadygot.Thesayingsuggeststhatyoushouldn'tbetosatisfiedwith your achievements that you’ll no longer try to improve.As to this saying, Mike Perham has set a good example to us. Mike Perham was bornin1992 in England. Mike started sailing(航行)at the age of 7.Whenhewas14yearsold,hesailedacrosstheAtlanticOcean.Hebecametheyoungestpersontosailacross theAtlanticOcean.Youmightthinktheachievementsaregoodenough,butMikedoesn’t thinko,At the age of I7,hebecamethe youngest person to sail all by himself around the world on a nine-month voyage(航海).Mikeisnow19andhe is still trying his best to break the records and push himself further. For his next dream, he plans to fly around the world alone, making him the first person of all ages to both sail and fly around the world.Mike wants his achievements to encourage young people to realize their dreams Since his Adventures, he has travelled widely, and gives speeches at schools and clubsin the UK,China and Australia on the topic of “Live the Dream”.25.WherewasMikebom?A. In EnglandB. In America.C. In ChinaD. In Australia26.When did Mike sail across the Atlantic Ocean?A. At the ageof7.B. At the ageof14.C. At the age of 17.D. At theageof1927.what's Mike's new dream?A. He wants to join clubs in the UK.B. He plans to give speeches at schoolsC. He wants to fly to the Atlantic OceanD. He plans to fly around the world alone(B) 25.A 26.B 27.D【石景山一模】BThink Before You SpeakIt was a sunny day. Everyone in the station was waiting for the train to arrive_ There was a group of friends, youngsters who were on board for vacation.The train entered the station and the group ran to get their seats before anyone could get into the train.An old man with a young boy aged around 15 came mining to catch the train. They entered the train and the train started to move, They had their seats just next to the friends' group.The young boy was so surprised to see everything.He acclaimed (欢呼) at his father,“Dad. the train is moving and the things are moving backwards. ”His father smiled and nodded his head. As the train started moving fast, the young boy again screamed,“Dad. the trees are green in colour and run backward very fast. ”His father said., "Yes, dear" and smiled.Just like a kid, he was watching everything with great excitement and happiness.A fruit seller passed selling, apples and oranges. The young boy said to his dad, ''I want to eat apples." His father bought him apples. He said, "Oh. apple looks so sweet and I love this colour."The group was watching all the activities of this boy and asked the boy's father, "Is your son having any problems? Why is he behaving so differently?" A friend from the group made fun of him and shouted, “His son is mad I think.”The father of the young boy, with patience, replied to the friend-group, "My son was born blind. Only a few days ago he was operated and got the vision. He is seeing so many different things in his life for the first time."The young friends became very quiet and said sorry to the father and son.24. Where did the story happen?A. At a bus station.B. At a fruit shop.C. On a train.D. In a hospital.25. The young group the boy after they knew his story.A. made fun ofB. said sorry toC. shouted angrily atD. became impatient with26. What do we know about the boy?A. He was 10 years old.B. He had an eye operation.C. He felt mad about the group.D. He was one of the group's friends.【丰台一模】BHello, my name is Jimmy. One day my eighth grade friend said that he was taking the school geography bee (比赛) written test the next day. Something in histone told me that he was not looking forward to the bee. I could not understand! It sounded like a lot of fun to me.All day, I found myself wishing I was in middle school, so Icould take part in the geography bee. During my lunch break Iwalked up to my social studies teacher’s classroom and asked her ifI could take part in the bee for middle school. But she didhesitate (犹豫) a bit because I was too young, just a primaryschool pupil. I told her that I really loved to learn about our earth, its rivers, mountains, all the human cultures on it. She was still not sure but finally said, “yes.” I jumped at once!That next morning I was going to be in the school bee as a participant (参赛者) and learn things I was really interested in. I was not nervous one bit, instead just very excited to be doing something I really loved. We had four written rounds — two on the United States and two on the world. I did surprisingly well and placed on the top ten, beating some of the strong seventh and eighth graders. I lost in the oral round the next day, but won my teacher’s attention. I came home and looked up the answers tothe questions that I and other students lost on.I placed second in my school the following year, but more importantly, I realized that I really loved geography and enjoyed the time I spent learning it. I may have lost that first bee, but I won the world; a love for that world; love to explore that world — one country, one mountain, one river, one landform at a time; and that is certainly the biggest win for me truly!24. Jimmy was a(n) .A. eighth graderB. geography teacherC. primary school pupilD. middle school worker25. When the teacher agreed to let Jimmy take part in the geography bee, he was.A. surprisedB. worriedC. excitedD. nervous26. After Jimmy’s first geography bee, we can infer thatA. he fell in love with geographyB. he felt excited to take part in beesC. he felt sorry to lose the geography beeD. he found it hard to learn geography well24. C 25. C 26. A。
北京市 2018 中考英语一模分类汇编 阅读基础篇(2018 昌平一模)六、阅读下面的四篇短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C、 D 四个选项中，选择最佳选项。
（共 26 分，每小题 2 分） A. S mokehouse Breakfast MenuFrom the Fountain Pepsi, Diet Pepsi, Sierra Mist, Dr. Pepper, Root Beer, Mountain Dew and Raspberry Tea Southern Favorites Fresh Brewed Leed Tea, Southern Sweet Tea and Good OL’ Summertime Lemonade One Size, refillable: 1.99 Coffee………………………………………..1.99 Large Milk…………………………………..2.59 Hot Cocoa…………………………………...2.59Cobblers…………………………………..3.99 Sweet Peaches or Blackberries enveloped in a Tender Pastry, topped with Vanilla Ice Cream Apple Crisp………………………………..3.99 Apples sweetened with Cinnamon and Sugar topped With Oatmeal Crumbles and served warm with Vanilla Ice Cream Brownie Sundae…………………………..2.49Sinfully Chocolate Brownie served warm with Vanilla Ice Cream and topped with Chocolate and Caramel Sauces47．How much is Hot Cocoa? A. $ 2.49. B. $ 4.75. C. $ 3.29. D. $ 2.59. 48. Which of the following is Sweet Stuff? A. Bud Light. B. Apple Crisp. C. Coffee. D. Reds. 49. How do people drink Pinot Gris? A. By the cup. B. By the bottle. C. By the glass. D. the bowl.ByB. Freedom means many things to many people. When we spoke to some children in the age group of 8 to 12, we were amazed to learn the different meanings they gave tothat one word “freedom”. Here they put their ideas exactly the way their thoughts arose in their minds… “I don’t have to study. There’s no homework over the weekend and on vacation.” “Being able to watch my favorite channel Star Plus, Cartoon Network whenever I like.” “Eating as many ice creams as I want.” “Going for school tours. Only 4th and 5th class students go for tours. We 3rd class students are not allowed.” Radhika Jain (8 years) “Not getting up early in the morning.” “Doing what I like but should be right …” “I will never do anything bad against rules like corruption.” “I won’t go against the government rules only of the rules are right. Out of 100 percent if 80 percent say Saloni (11 years) a rule is bad then it is bad.” “We can do anything we want, like not going to school.” “Everything should be free. We should not pay money to buy anything.” “Can go anywhere I want … to the playground when exams are on.” “Chatting on phone with classmates or friends as long Arihant Jain (12 years) as I want.” “In school being able to play sports and not study.” “Flying kites.” 50. What does Radhika want for freedom? A. Studying at home. B. Doing homework. C. Going sightseeing. D. Eating more ice creams. 51. From the passage we know _____ don’t want to study. A. Radhika Jain, Arihant Jain and Saloni B. Arihant Jain and Saloni C. Radhika Jain and Arihant Jain D. Saloni and Radhika Jain 52. What might be the best title for the passage? A. Speaking for All Yourselves B. Different Ideas about Freedom C. Freedom Is Everything You Like D. What Are You Thinking about（2018 朝阳一模）六、阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C、 D 四个选项中，选择最佳选项。
It was a cold night in Washington, D.C., and I was heading back to the hotel when a man came to me. He asked if I would give him some money so he could get something to eat. I’d read the signs: “Don’t give money to panhandlers (乞丐）.” So I shook my head and kept walking.I wasn’t prepared f or a reply, but he said, “I really am homeless and I really am hungry! You can come with me and watch me eat!” But I kept on walking.I couldn’t forget what happened to me that day for the rest of the week. I had money in mypocket and it wouldn’t have killed me to hand over a dollar or two even if he had been lying. On a very cold night, no less, I thought the worst of a fellow human being. Flying back to Anchorage, I still couldn’t help thinking of him.I was the writer of a weekly garden column (专栏）at The Anchorage Daily News. One day, out of the blue, I came up with an idea. Bean’s Cafe, the soup kitchen in Anchorage, feedshundreds of hungry people every day. Why not try to get all my readers to plant one row in theirgardens for Bean’s? Plant a row and take it down to Bean’s. Clean and simple.We didn’t keep records back then, but the idea began to take off. People would call me when they took something in. Those who only grew flowers gave them away. Food for the spirit.In 1995 , the Garden Writers Association of America ( GWAA) held their meeting in Anchorage and alter learning of Anchorage’s program, Plant a Row for Bean’s became Plant a Row for the Hungry. The idea was to have every member of the Garden Writers Association of America write or talk about planting a row for the hungry.As more and more people started working with the program, many companies gave free seed to customers and had the logo (商标）seen in public.Garden editor Joan Jackson raised more than 30,000 pounds of fruits and vegetables her first year, and showed the public how the program could really work. Texas fruit farms gave away food to their local food bank alter hearing about Plant a Row. Today the program continues to grow.I am shocked that millions of Americans are threatened by hunger. If every gardener inAmerica - and we’re seventy million strong - plants one row for the hungry, we can make a difference in the number of neighbors who don’t have enough to eat. Maybe then I will stop feeling guilty (愧疚) about walking past a hungry man I could have helped.34. Did the writer give money to the hungry man?35. How did the writer feel alter flying back to Anchorage?36. What did the writer try to get his readers to do?37. What did the GWAA do for the “Plant a Row” program?38. What is the purpose of the program?We should learn to understand our mother well. Here are the best ways towards a better relationship with her. They are not necessarily surprising, but they have worked for many people. them.·Remember your mother's ageAs children, we often forget our mother's age. Knowing our mother's age, not just in numbers of years but in terms of her psychological (心理的))and physical state, often helps us to understand her better.·Listen to your motherI have found that sometimes the things my mother told me long ago are pretty useful. If you respect her point of view, it will help your mother feel close to you.·Ask your mother about your childhood(童年的) historyIf you are lucky enough to have a living family, think of your life as a jigsaw puzzle(拼图游戏)and ask as many questions as you can to put the picture together. Understanding yourchildhood history can help you know more clearly who you are, as part of a family which you share with your mother .Trying to understand our mother is the topic of how we understand ourselves. W e should follow the way of her life. When we are able to accept our mother—with all her failings, we can understand her better and it can also help us to know about our shortcomings. Remember that understanding our mother is really about understanding ourselves.36. Should we learn to understand our mother well?37. What do children often forget about their mother?38. How do we make our mother feel close to us?39. Why do we ask our mother about our childhood history?40. What does the writer want to tell us?If you’re going to travel the world this summer,you should make up a travel budget (预算) before you hit the road. This budget will help you know how much you need to save before leaving home so that you don’t need to call mom and dad, begging for help halfway through your trip. Here are three tips to help you plan your money for the trip you have planned for this summer vacation.●Pick a location that fits your budgetThe countries you choose to visit will have the greatest influence on the necessary size of your travel budget. Road tripping across America or backpacking through Europe, while popular, are two of the more expensive choices for a vacation. In contrast, a visit to Asia or South America will be much less expensive than back home.●“Fun”activities are expensiveIt seems to be necessary to plan your travel budget around three major costs…1. Transportation2. Hotels3. FoodPaying for these necessities is part of travel, but you might be surprised to learn that they could add up to less than half of the money you’ll spend abroad. If you’re like me, your “dream vacation”includes more than sitting in your hotel bed.When I was living in Chiang Mai, Thailand, I owned a small apartment and ate delicious Asian noodles 3 times per day. With the room at $5 per night and meals for $1, I spent about $8 per day. One of the coolest things to do in Chiang Mai is to go on a zip line adventure. It cost me $60 to get into the trees, which is about what I paid to live for 1 week in Thailand. If you want to go on an excursion (远足) every day, you’ll easily spend five times as much on “fun”as you do on necessities. This is true all over the world, so make sure you plan excursions into your travel budget ahead of time.●Plan for the unexpectedYou won’t always be prepared for everything that comes your way while traveling. You need at least $1,000 to help you deal with the unexpected.First, there’s the good kind of unexpected…When I was traveling through France on my summer vacation three years ago,I had no idea that the annual bull running festival (奔牛节) was happening in Spain.A traveler who had just arrived from Spain told me about the festival and because I had some extra money I was able to change my plans and attend!There’s also the bad kind of unexpected…When I entered Thailand, I forgot my visa expiration date (签证截止日期). I ended up overstaying by nearly 1 month! When I crossed the border (边境), I was politely told I needed to pay the Thai government nearly $400!Giving yourself some extra money is very important to your safety and the enjoyment of your trip.34. What should you do if you’re going to travel the world?35. How much did the writer spend getting into the trees in Thailand?36. What does the writer think of going on an excursion?37. Why could the writer attend the annual bull running festival?38. What’s the passage mainly about?2018房山一模Surfing, a sport game, is the name for riding water waves on specialboards. Did you know that surfing has been around for more than 200 year s? Atfirst the sport was harder than it is toda y.For one thing the early surfboards were heavy. They weighed as much as 150 pounds. A surfer needed great strength just to getthe board from the beach to the water! Also the early players didn't surfingride standing up. They rode just lying on their stomachs. That was the only way to control the large boards.Those players lived in the islands of Polynesia, in the South Pacific. In 1778 the players took the sport to Hawaii. There surfin g quickly became popular. The beaches and waves of Hawaii are perfect for surfing.In 1907, a 24-year-old young man, George Freeth, was the first person to ride a wave in the United States. George Freeth was advertised as "The Man Who Can W alk on W ater." Thousands of people came here on the big red cars to watch his special performance. George had to move his big 8-foot long, solid wood, 200 pound surf board and wait for a suitable wave, catch it, and to the amazement of all, ride onto Redondo Beach while standing upright. He surfed in Redondo Beach in California.For years the sport of surfing spread slowl y. In the 1950s surfing was known as a young people's sport because mostly young people seemed to enjoy it. In 1961 rules for surfers were written. The players themselves, along with some surfboard companies, made up the rules.T oday surfers are looked upon as sportsmen. Southern California is still the surfing center of the United States. Thousands of people surf there. Thousands more are fans of famous surfers. Surfing is here to stay.Surfers must still be strong. T o surf, a person should be able to swim well, both on top ofand under the water. A surfer must also be able to float ( 漂浮) for a long time. A good surfer must keep his or her eyes open at all times, even underwater, because he never knows what will happen next moment. Surfing is exciting, and also dangerous.34．W ere the early surfboards heavy?35．How did the early surfers control the surfboard?36．Why did the sport of surfing quickly become popular in Hawaii?37．When were the rules made up for surfers?38．How can you become a good surfer?2018门头沟一模2018通州一模。
北京市2018中考英语一模分类汇编阅读提高篇(2018昌平一模)C.The number one game in the app chart Draw Something has beensold out.The drawing game by company OMGPOP is now top spot in theApple and Android charts in 84 countries.US company Zynga is reported to have paid $200m (£120m) forthe app.Players draw pictures on their mobiles competing againsteach other, guessing what the pictures are from drawing clues.Head of Zynga Mark Pincus said once: "The OMGPOP team hascreated a game that's fun and expressive."The app has become such a big hit in the gaming world in thelast few weeks. It has knocked off long running Zynga titlesWords with Friends and Cityville from top spots in the mobileapps charts.Industry tracker App Data reported that 13.3 million people a day used Draw Something.It wasn't overnight success for OMGPOP, the New York based developer started in 2018 and created 35 other social games before hitting the gaming jackpot.The story is similar to that of Angry Birds, the most popular game ever on a smartphone. Creators Rovio developed 51 games before finally making it big. Draw Something is now the most downloaded game on Facebook and players draw a total of a billion pictures each week.53. Which of the following is NOT a game according to the passage?A. Cityville.B. Angry Birds.C. Words with Friends.D. OMGPOP.54. Why is Draw Something so popular?A. It’s exciting and funny.B. It’s interesting and creative.C. It’s an overnight success.D. It’s similar to other games.55. What can be inferred from the passage?A. Angry Birds was successful because of the creators’ hard work.B. Draw Something was successful because of the creative idea.C. Players like Draw Something because they like drawing.D. The OMGPOP team is the strongest game team in USA.(2018昌平一模)D.Spending time online is normal behavior for teenagers. But too much Internet use by teens – or too little, for that matter – might be related to depression (抑郁), a new study finds.The findings, reported in the Journal of Pediatrics, do not mean that the Internetis to blame. For on e, teens in the study who spent no time online were also at increased risk of depression symptoms (症状). Instead, the researchers say that both heavy Internet use, and non –use, could show that a teenager is having a hard time.For the study, Dr. Pierre – Andre Michaud and his colleagues at the University of Lausanne, Switzerland, surveyed 7, 200 individuals ages 16 to 20 about their Internet use.Those who were online more than two hou rs per day were considered “heavy” Internet users, while those online anywhere from several times per week to two hours per day were considered “regular” users.The teenagers also answered a number of health – related questions, including some standard que stions about “depressive tendencies” (抑郁倾向) that show how often a person feels sad or hopeless. Compared with regular Internet users, the study found, kids who were heavy users or non – users were more likely to be depressed or very depressed.Among boys, heavy users and non –users were both around one –third more likely to have a high depression score, compared to “regular” users. Among girls, heavy Internet users had an 86 percent greater chance of depression, while non – users had a 46 percent compared to regular users.Since teenagers typically go online to connect with friends. The researches find that those who are never online may be more socially isolated.56. Which is TRUE according to the passage?A.Teenagers never go online are good students.B.Teenagers never go online may get depression.C.Surfing the Internet for teenagers is bad behavior.D.Internet is the reason of teenager’s depression.57. How long does the writer suggest teens to go online per week?A.Less than 14 hours.B.More than 14 hours.C.More than 20 hours.D.Less than 20 hours.58. The purpose of Dr. Michaud and colleagues’ study is to know ______________.A.the actual time of teenagers learning onlineB.the actual number of teenagers playing onlineC.the influence on school study about teenagers onlineD.the relationship between Internet use and depression59. What’s the meaning of the word isolated in the last paragraph?A. Independent.B. United.C. SeparateD. Humorous.（2018朝阳一模）CWhen I moved to the country 20 years ago, I took a job as a school bus driver. I’d never had any interest in driving schoolchildren to and from school, but 10 years later, I was still working on the school bus.There are so many good reasons why I stayed. Firstly, it was the conversations that brought me different kinds of information. I also got to hear all the family secrets of the newcomers who were afraid to be starting at a new school. I have a toy bear who was a great comforter for the little ones. The kids got to look after him on the trip to school and he waited patiently for them to get on for the trip home.Our bus would often pass a place where we could see some alpacas (羊驼) in front of a farm house. Little Michael would cry excitedly from the seat, “Look, Miss! Look at the camels!” He used to put hi s head out of the bus window. When I warned him that a fly would come into his nose if he wasn’t careful, he smartly gave up the habit.I remember a little girl got on the bus one morning 5 years ago and cried loudly all the way to school. We arrived at the school gate. As she waited to get down the bus stairs, she threw her arms around my neck and sobbed (抽泣) that her grandfather had died the night before.A school bus driver needs to keep one eye on the road and the other on the mirror to watch what the little ones are doing down the back. My catchphrase (口头禅) each day was that I was “taking the monsters (怪兽) to their mothers”.Now, it’s necessary to think how many lives I’ve been responsible for throughout the years, and how many kilometers I’ve driven in order to get my passengers home safely. I’ve enjoyed it, but after 20 years, it’s time to restand park my school bus for good. Long live the school bus driver!53. When did the writer begin to be a school bus driver?A. 5 years ago.B. 10 years ago.C. 20 years ago.D.30 years ago.54. The writer enjoyed her job because ______.A. driving was her hobbyB. children made her valuableC. drivers were paid wellD. she liked the environment55. What is the writer’s future plan?A. She decides to give up the job.B. She tries to go on driving.C. She wants to have a holiday.D. She hopes to have more kids.（2018朝阳一模）DNot long ago, I opened an interesting e-mail from Jennifer in Canada. We became friends. One day, she invit ed me and 11 other women to a “Movie Night” to be held every six weeks at her house. We’d talk, eat and watch feel-good movies. I e-mailed her back immediately: I was in.Research shows that gatherings such as Jennifer’s make sense. In a US study, researchers measured (测量) the happiness of 4739 people over 20 years. The study found that a person’s happiness depends on the happiness of people he connects with. Surprisingly, it also found that happiness spreads not only between direct friends, but also among friends of your friends’ friends! And those good feelings seem to have the greatest influence among friends of the same sex (性别).“People with more good friends are less likely to develop depression (情绪低落) and worry,” says Dr. Toupey Luft. “Though you can’t choose your family or workmates, you do have control over friendships.” With a little effort, you can add more positive (正面的) relationships to your social circle. Here’s how:“Nobody is all positive or all negative,” says Luft. “But there are people you may feel more positive. Use that as your way to check people and keep records.” When spending time with others, pay attention to your feeling. Are you feeling tired and unhappy？To help you keep records, Luft suggests taking a moment when you get home to write down what your feeling is when around them.While it’s great to gather with positive friends, it’s also good to stay with others in the same life situations. “But if you’re all just complaining (抱怨)and nothing is changing, it’s not healthy,” says Luft. Are your friends negative, or are you doing most of the complaining? Considering the answers to these questions can help you decide if you want to stand in front of them. Or you could let the relationship disappear slowly.Sometimes your hobbies can lead to true friendships. Check out newspapers and websites to find a group or class for something you enjoy. These friends can always be there for you and can care each other through difficulties, illness and death.Not into groups? Look for individual (个人的) communication instead. Luft says, “Set small goals, such as having coffee with one new person, and develop friendship according to a plan. If someone suggests going for lunch sometime, set a date.”“If you’re feeling disappointed (失望) with a friend, try talking about what you both need,” says Luft. For example, tell her what you want during hard times in your lives. While your friend may need to be left alone, you may want caring phone calls. With some friends you laugh and have fun together at the movies—and that can be enough. With others, you pay attention to your deep connection.56. What does your happiness depend on, according to the passage?A. How many friends you have.B. How people you connect with feel.C. What situation you are in now.D. What kind of friends you have.57. What does the first suggestion want us to do?A. To measure our happiness.B. To check people around.C. To join a group for hobbies.D. To leave negative friends.58. Which of the following is true?A. All the suggestions tell us to add positive relationship to our social circle.B. It’s necessary to complain about something but not right to do so for long.C. Joining a group can bring better friendship than making individual friends.D. We often have many friends during good times but few during hard times.59. The underlined sentence in the last paragraph means that ______.A. when your friend leaves you, you need comfortB. when your friend is sad, you should call her upC. people may behave differently during hard timesD. friends’ needs may be quite different sometimes（2018大兴一模）CI love my iPhone---it’s my little connection to the larger world that can go anywhere with me. I also love my computer, as it stores all of my writing and thoughts. Though I love these devices(装置) of technology, I know that there are times when I need to move away from them and truly communicate with others.I teach history in a high school. My goals for the class include a full discussion of historical themes(主题) and ideas. Because I want students to thoroughly study the material and share their ideas with each other in the classroom. I have a rule---no computers, iPads, phones, etc. When students were told my rule before class, some of them were not happy at all.Most students think that my reasons for this rule include unpleasant experiences in the past with students misusing technology. There’s a bit of truth to that. Some students believe that I am anti-technology. There’s no truth in that at all. I love technology and try to keep up with it so I can relate to my students.The real reason why I ask students to leave technology at the door is that I think there are very few places in which we can have deep conversations. Interruptions(打断) by technology often break concentration and allow for too much dependence on outside information for ideas. I want students to dig deep within themselves for ideas. I want them to push each other to think differently and to make connections between the course material and the class discussion.I’ve been teaching my history class in this way for many years and students realize that with deep conversation, they learn at a level that helps them keep the course material beyond the classroom.I’m not saying that I won’t ever cha nge my mind about technology use in my history class, but until I hear a really good reason for the change. A few hoursof technology-free dialogue is just too sweet to give up.53. What’s the second paragraph mainly about?A. The reasons why students should use computers or iPads in class.B. The advantages of using cell phones and computers in the classroom.C. What the writer is trying to do and what rule has been made in class.D. A new learning style that the teacher enjoys using in history class.54. According to the writer, the use of technology in the classroom may _____.A. improve teaching and offer more helpB. allow students to get on well with each otherC. help students concentrate on what they learnD. keep students from making deep conversations55. What can we infer from the passage?A. The teacher will carry on the success in the future.B. The teacher will have to cancel the rule in class.C. Some students will be punished according to the rule.D. More and more students will be absent in history class.（2018大兴一模）DThe ocean can be a great place to swim and play, it may also beuseful in another way. Some scientists think that waves could helpmake electricity.“Have you ever been on a surfboard or boat and felt yourselfbeing lifted up by a wave?” asked Jamie Taylor of the Wave EnergyGroup in Scotland. “There is certainly a lot of energy in waves.”Scientists are working on using that energy to make electricity.The United States and a few other countries have started doing research on wave energy, and it is already being used in Scotland.Most waves are created when winds blow across the ocean. “The winds start out by making little ripples (波纹) in the water, but if they keep on blowing, those rippl es get bigger and bigger and turn into waves,” Taylor said. “Waves are one of nature’s ways of picking up energy and then sending it off on a journey.”When waves come towards the coast, people can set up dams(大坝) to block the water and send it through a large wheel called a turbine(涡轮). The turbine can then power an electrical generator(发电机).We will never run out of wave power. Besides, wave energy does not create the same pollution as oil and coal do.Oceans cover three quarters of the earth’s surface. T hat would make wave power seem perfect for creating energy around the world. But there are some disadvantages that need us to pay more attention to.Jamie Taylor said that wave power still cost too much money. He said that its influence on animals in the sea is still unknown. Besides, wave power would get in the way of fishing and boat traffic.With more research, “Many of these problems might be solved,” Taylor said.“Finding more energy sources(资源) is very important, for traditional sources of energy lik e oil and gas may run out some day.”In the future, when you turn on a light button, an ocean wave could be providing the electricity!56. We can learn from the passage that__________________.A. almost every country is making use of the wave power at presentB. it is necessary for us to develop wave power instead of oil and coalC. wave power will be sure to make some bad influence on sea animalsD. scientists are making efforts to find new ways of fishing and boat traffic57. What does the fourth paragraph tell us?A. Why scientists are doing the research on wave power.B. What experience that scientists have achieved so far.C. How the wave energy forms and grows bigger.D. Which countries are trying out wave power.58. What’s the writer’s attitude towards wave power?A. The writer believes that wave power will be used widely by man.B. The writer doubts if wave energy can be changed into electricity.C. The writer is sure the experiments will come to the end some day.D. The w riter thinks that wave power isn’t worth researching at all.59. What can be the best title for the passage?A. Sea Animals and Wave Power.B. How Do We Get Wave Energy?C. The Advantages of Wave Power.D. Can Waves Make Electricity?（2018 东城一模）CFlorida school children chose the panther as the state animal. Florida panthers are a type of mountain lion. The Florida panther is the only group of mountain lions east of the Mississippi River. The panther stands for beauty and power of life. Is the Florida panther endangered?In 1967 the government listed the Florida panther as endangered. Endangered means that without human help an animal or plant will become extinct. Extinct means that the animal or plant will never again stay alive on earth.What do Florida panthers look like?Panthers are about 10 times as big as a housecat. Like all cats they have very sharp claws and teeth. They need sharp claws and teeth to kill and eat their food. Florida panthers are tawny (the same color as deer). The fur on their bellies and the inside of their legs is lighter, and the fur on their backs, tails, and legs is darker. These are Florida panther paw prints:What do Florida panthers eat?Panthers only eat meat. Panthers eat deer, wild hogs, raccoons, armadillos, and rabbits. Sometimes they eat birds and even alligators. No panther has ever even killed a person.What kinds of families do panthers have?Panther females and kittens make up the panther family. The father does not help take care of the kittens. Panthers may have from 1 to 4 kittens. Panthers leave their mothers when they are about 2 years old. Growing up is harder for boy panthers than girl panthers. Girls often stay near their mother. Boys must try to find a home range of their own.Where do Florida panthers live?Front pawLength: 3 inchesWidth: 3.5 inches Hind paw Length: 3 inches Width: 3 inchesPanthers need lots of land. The area where a panther hunts is its home range. They prefer hardwood hammocks and pine forest with lots of palmettos for their range. Panthers usually rest during the day hidden in thickets of palmetto. At dusk they begin to travel and hunt. Unless you are very lucky, you will probably never see a panther in the wild. But you can help them by protecting the lands they need to keep alive. You can support efforts to recover the panther from being endangered.53. Which of the following looks like the panther most?A. B. C. D.54. The und erlined word “extinct” means “________”.A. deadB. dangerousC. brightD. natural55. The panther was chosen as the state animal mainly because ______.A. no panther has ever killed a personB. the panther is beautiful and full of energyC. people may never see a panther in the wildD. panthers leave their mothers at an early age56. How do people protect the panther in Florida?A. They take panthers to the zoo.B. They give panthers enough meat.C. They keep the land safe for panthers.D. They help to look after small panthers.（2018 东城一模）DWhen we found Tony, he was a sorry sight. His clothes were dirty. There was blood all over his right arm. Before we reached him, we saw him fall. He lay a moment. Then he pulled himself to his feet, walked a few yards with difficulty through the woods and fell again. When we lifted him off the ground, he tried to break away and run, like a wild animal.After we got him out, we went back to find the gun that he had thrown down. His footprints showed that for two days he had circled in the forest, within 200 yards of the road. His senses were so weak by fear that he did not hear the cars going by or see the lights at night. He was very tired. We found him just in time. This man, like others before him, was full of fear when he knew he was lost.Whatever sense of direction that a man may have, it’s still largely a question of watching out. An experienced woodsman always keeps an eye on the things around him. He notes the shape of a mountain, the direction that water flows through the mountain, and everything along with him when he travels—how a tree leans across it and how a rock stands. He sees the way and the general flows of water. With these in mind, he may be turned around many times, but his way is seldom lost.There are exceptions, of course, and once in a while a man does get into some strange difficulty that puts him into the “lost” column. A rainstorm may catch himwithout a compass to show him the direction. Darkness may find him in a very hard situation, where travel is dangerous without a light.When this happens, the normal first reaction is the fear of difficulty as a result of this poor woodsmanship. He may also worry about the trouble that he will cause his friends when he doesn’t show up. If he is short of experience, he may keep on the move in an effort to find the camp against all bad happenings. And the result is that he might walk in circles or in the wrong direction and in the end beat himself out physically and mentally—he will be found mad and crazy.57. Which of the following is true according to the passage?A. Tony went to look for a wild animal.B. Tony found his gun in the circle he walked.C. A man will be full of fear when he gets lost.D. A man won’t get lost if he h as a sense of direction.58. The word “woodsmanship” refers to ______.A. ways of protecting the forestB. the art of traveling in the forestsC. the experience of finding a lost manD. skills of helping people in the woods59. What can be the best title for the passage?A. Don’t Be MadB. Fears in the ForestC. Easy to Get LostD. What to Do in the Forest（2018房山一模）CA newspaper reporter’s job can be very interesting. He meets all kinds of people and lives quite a busy life. He is on the rush for news all the time, then after several years he may get a desk job, and life becomes a bit more settled. Let’s look at his work a little more closely. In a day he may have to interview the president of a foreign country, and the next day he may be writing about a football match. Sometimes he may be so busy that he has hardly any time to sleep. And at other times he may go on for days looking out for news materials yet return empty-handed.In the beginning, a reporter has to cover a very wide field. After the early years he becomes more specialized in his work. For example, he may finally be asked to write only politics or sports. Some reporters may become so specialized that they are asked only to write on a special thing: horse racing, for example. In most newspaper houses there is at least one special racing correspondent(通讯记者、特派员). Some newspapers have book reviews. Their job is to make people pleasant. They read the latest book and then write reviews on the ones they like. Then there are those who write on films, so they get to see them even before they are shown in the cinema. How lucky, you would say!A reporter’s job can also be very dangerous. A number of them have died rushing from one task to another, and if there is a flood or a riot(暴乱) they may get hurt or even be killed. Three years ago there was a reporter whose camera was destroyed by a group of men, because they were angry with him for taking their picture. Dangerous or not, one thing is certain, and that is, their job is never boring!53. Reporters who write on films are said to be lucky because they _____.A. can write anything they like because the film stars like themB. can see the films before most people see them in the cinemaC. can pay less than other people because they know the film starsD. can see more film stars before most people see them in the cinema54. A reporter’s work can be dangerous when _____.A. there is a flood or a riotB. he is seeing a frightening filmC. there is a football matchD. he is interviewing the president55. From the passage we can infer that, to be a good reporter, he must be all of the following except _____.A. braveB. strongC. quick in mindD. good at writing（2018房山一模） DImagine, getting out of bed in Beijing and being atyour office in Shanghai in only a couple of hours, and then,after a full day of work, going back home to Beijing andhaving dinner there.Sounds unusual, doesn't it? But it has come true, withthe development of China’s high-speed railway system(系统). And that’s not all. China has an even greaterhigh-speed railway plan—to connect the country with Southeast Asia, and finally Eastern Europe.China is negotiating(协商) to spread its own high·-speed railway network to up to 17 countries in 10 to 15 years, at the end reaching London and Singapore.China has proposed three such projects. The first would possibly connect Kunming with Singapore through Vietnam and Malaysia. Another could start in Urumqi and go through Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan, and possibly to Germany. The third would start in the northeast and go north through Russia and then into Western Europe.China’s plan for the high-speed railway goes forward, people could zip over from London to Beijing within two days. The new system would still follow China’s high-speed railway standards.China’s high-speed train, the one connecting Wuhan to Guangzhou, already has the World’s fastest average speed. It covers 1,189 kilometers in about three hours.Of course, there are some technical challenges we have to face. There are so many things to be improved, for example, safety. So, it’s important to pay attention to every tiny thing.But the key point is really money. China is already spending hundreds of billions of yuan on the railway system in the country.China prefers that the other countries pay in natural resources(资源) r ather than with capit al investment(投资). Resources from those countries could stream into China to its long-term development.It’ll be a win-win project. For other countries, the railway network will surely create more chances for business, tourism and so on, not to mention the bettercommunication among those countries.For China, such a project would not only connect it with the rest of Asia and bring some much-needed resources, but would also help develop China’s far west. We foresee that in the near future, millions of people will move to the western areas, where the land is empty and resources rich. With high-speed trains, people will set up factories and business centers in the west once and for all. And they’ll trade with Central Asian and Eastern European countries.56. Which of the following is true?A. China’s far western areas need to be f urther developed.B. China plans to connect Southeast Asia with Eastern Europe.C. There is enough money for China to carry out high-speed railway plan.D. Safety problem of the high-speed railway has been completely solved.57. What does the underlined sentence “It will be a win-win project”in the passage mean?A. China will win for ever in the project.B. The project will win China a lot of money.C. Chinese will arrive wherever they want to go with the project.D. The project will do good to both China and the countries mentioned.58. What’s the writer’s attitude towards China’s high-speed railway plan?A. He agrees.B. He doesn’t care about it.C. He disagrees.D. He doubts whether it will come true.59. Which of the following might be the best title for the passage?A. New Railway StandardsB. Big Railway DreamsC. International Railway NetworkD. High-speed Trains(2018丰台一模)CDO you have a lucky number? What is it? Manypeople have a special number that they hopewill bring them good luck.In Chinese culture, some numbers arebelieved to be lucky or unlucky based on theChinese word that the number sounds similarto.For example, the word for the number 8 sounds similar to the word for “making a fortune”. So, people consider it a very lucky number. Some people will even spend a lot of money to have 8s in their phone numbers or vehicle license plate (车牌照) numbers. The opening ceremony of the Beijing Olympics began at 8:18 p.m. on August 8, 2018.The number 9 is also a lucky number because of its connection to the emperors of China. There were nine dragons on emperors’ robes (龙袍) and Chinese myth held that the dragon has nine children. The number 9 also stands for “long lasting”.。
【海淀一模】DEudaimonia is an Ancient Greek word, particularly stressed by the philosophers Plato and Aristotle, which deserves far more attention than it has because it corrects the shortfalls （缺失）in one of the most central, but troubling words in our modem language: happiness.When we nowadays try to clearly express the purpose of our lives ，it is the word “happiness ” that we commonly turn to. We tell ourselves and others that the most important principle for our jobs, our relationships and the conduct of our day-to-day lives is the pursuit of happiness. It sounds like an innocent enough idea, but too much reliance on the term means that we frequently unfairly tend to quit or, at least, heavily question a great many challenging but worthwhile situations. The Ancient Greeks did not believe that the purpose of life was to be happy; they proposed that it was to achieve Eudaimonia, a word which has been best translated as “ fulfilment ”.What distinguishes happiness from fulfilment is pain. It is very possible to be fulfilled and —at the same time —under pressure, suffering physically or mentally, overburdened and, quite frequently, in an irritable （易怒的）mood. This is a slight psychological difference that is hard for the word “ happiness” to capture, for it 's tricky to speak of being happy yet unhappy, or happy yet suffering. However, such a combination is readily accommodated within the respected and noble-sounding idea of Eudaimonia.The word encourages us to trust that many of life ' s most worthwhile projects will some times be in conflict with contentment, and yet will be worth pursuing. Properly exploring our professional talents, managing a household, keeping a relationship going, creating a new business venture or engaging in politics... none of these goals are likely to leave us cheerful and grinning on a daily basis. They will, in fact, involve us in all manner of challenges that will deeply exhaust and weaken us, provoke （激怒）and wound us. And yet we will perhaps, at the end of our lives, still feel that the tasks were worth undertaking. Through them, we' llhave achieved something deeper and more interesting than happiness.With the word Eudaimonia in mind, we can stop imagining that we are aiming for a pain-free existence—and then blaming ourselves unfairly for bein g in a bad mood. We ' ll know that we aretrying to do something far more important than smile all the time: we're striving to do justice to our full human potential.47.What do we know about “ Eudaimonia ” from the passage?A.It was first created by two Greek philosophers.B . It has received a lot of attention from the public.C. It still has some shortfalls that need to be corrected.D. It was regarded as the purpose of life in ancient Greece.48.According to Paragraph 3, happiness .A.is the opposite of fulfillmentB.is free from physical or mental painC.stresses the psychological differenceD.serves as a respected and noble life goal49.We can leam from the passage that .A.aiming for happiness may lead to wrong self-blamingB.goals that wound and weaken us result in happinessC.challenges leading to contentment are worth undertakingD.feeling fulfilled means we should avoid tough situations50.The passage encourages the readers to .A.find fulfillment with all effortsB. seek for a pain-free existenceC. keep optimistic whatever happensD. balance happiness and suffering47. D 48. B 49. A 50. A【西城一模】DOwnership used to be about as straightforward as writing a cheque. If you bought something, you owned it. If it broke, you fixed it. If you no longer wanted it, you sold it or threw it away. In the digital age, however, ownership has become more slippery. Since the coming of smartphones, consumers have been forced to accept that they do not control the software in their devices; they are only licensed to use it. As a digital chain is wrapped ever more tightly around more devices, such as cars and thermostats, who owns and who controls which objects is becoming a problem. Buyers should be aware that some of their most basic property rights are under threat.The trend is not always harmful. Manufacturers seeking to restrict what owners do with increasingly complex technology have good reasons to protect their copyright, ensure that their machines do not break down, support environmental standards and prevent hacking. Sometimes companies use their control over a product 'sofst ware for the owners b'en efit. When Hurricane Irma hit Florida this month, Tesla remotely updated the software controlling the batteries of some models to give owners more range to escape the storm.But the more digital strings are attached to goods, the more the balance of control leans towards producers and away from owners. That can be inconvenient. Picking a car is hard enough, but harder still if you have to dig up the instructions that tell you how use is limited and what data you must give. If the products are intentionally designed not to last long, it can also be expensive. Already, items from smartphones to washing machines have become extremely hard to fix, meaning that they are thrown away instead of being repaired.Privacy is also at risk. Users become terrified when iRobot, a robotic vacuum cleaner, not only cleans the floor but also creates a digital map of the inside of a home that can then be sold to advertisers (though the manufacturer says it has no intention of doing so). Cases like this should remind people how jealously they ought to protect their property rights and control who uses the data that is collected.Ownership is not about to go away, but its meaning is changing. This requires careful inspection. Devices, by and large, are sold on the basis that they enable people to do what they want. To the extent they are controlled by somebody else, that freedom is compromised. 47. What benefit does it bring to customers if companies control the ownership of products?A.It provides them with knowledge to prevent hacking.B.It gives them the chance to be protected from danger.C.It enables them to own the copyright of the products.D.It helps them know more about complex technology.48.The underlined words “that freedom ” in the last paragraph refer to the _fr_e_e_d_o.m toA.control other peopleB. share the ownershipC. inspect devices at any timeD. use devices as one wishes49.The author may agree ______ .A.customers should buy fewer digital devicesB.producers should control property rightsC.property rights need to be protectedD.better after sales service is required50.Which of the following shows the development of ideas in the passage?I: Introduction P: Point Sp: Sub-point （次要点） C: Conclusion47. B 48. D 49. C 50. A【朝阳一模】第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，共30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A 、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
2018北京大兴初三一模英 语一、选择题1．（.5分）My birthday is coming． My parents will give _____ some nice presents．（ ）A．mine B．I C．me D．my2．（.5分）Peter's mother is a farmer． She works _____ a farm．（ ）A．in B．on C．to D．of3．（.5分）﹣_____ people are there in your family， Jack？﹣Four． They are my father， my mother， my sister and I．（ ）A．How much B．How many C．How long D．How often4．（.5分）Tony is a basketball player． He is _____ in our class．（ ）A．tall B．taller C．tallest D．the tallest5．（.5分）﹣How often does Susan play games online？﹣She ____ games online once a week．（ ）A．plays B．is playing C．will play D．played6．（.5分）Keep quiet， please． All the students ____ lessons at school．（ ）A．are having B．had C．will have D．have7．（.5分）Jeff got to the airport at midnight， so he _____ a taxi to a hotel．（ ）A．calls B．will call C．called D．is calling8．（.5分）﹣Where is Jeff？﹣He _____to the cinema．（ ）A．is going B．has gone C．will go D．went9．（.5分）My parents _____ some reading when the doorbell rang yesterday evening．（ ）A．do B．did C．have done D．were doing10．（.5分）Put on more clothes，________you'll catch a cold in the strong wind．（ ）A．and B．but C．or D．so11．（.5分）A new park _____ in our town next year．（ ）A．built B．was builtC．will build D．will be built12．（.5分）﹣Jane， could you tell me _____ the ticket yesterday？﹣Oh， yes． I bought it online．（ ）A．where you bought B．where you will buyC．where did you buy D．where will you buy二、完形填空13．（8分）I came across a website a days ago． After I spent hours reading all the stories on it， I was deeply moved by them． So I couldn't wait to order a lot of smile cards online immediately． I （1） my new idea with my best friend， Annie， my roommate and she got so excited that she agreed to start the work with me and make the people in the city （2） on the smile cards gradually．We set down to prepare for it until the smile cards arrived． We put money with some cards and chocolate with the others． Then we walked （3） and found some lovelypeople that we would give our smile cards to．At first， we went into a shopping mall． We caught （4） of a young womanthere and went over to ask her if she would pass the card along． She gave a big smileand said she would． Outside the mall， we saw an elderly man （5） a heavybag． It seemed that he needed some help． When we handed a smile card to him， he juststood there， looking between us and the small parcel（包裹）． He looked a little （6） by it all． In a hospital， we met with an old lady waiting for her treatment． Annieshowed kindness to her and she had a big （7） on her face even though she hadn'topened the card with money inside．We kept on walking and gave out more little gifts to the people in a community． Wehad so much fun （8） smile cards! Annie and I were sure that there would be moresmile cards appearing in the city!（1）A．changed B．shared C．argued D．explained（2）A．work B．put C．pass D．insist（3）A．away B．down C．out D．around（4）A．hold B．attention C．breath D．sight（5）A．carrying B．throwing C．emptying D．tying（6）A．regretted B．confused C．frightened D．excited（7）A．joke B．surprise C．smile D．shame（8）A．delivering B．selling C．playing D．making三、阅读理解14．（6分）Sunshine School Science ShowWelcome to our school science show． It is mainly for the students of Grade 7﹣9． Hope to see you and have fun at our school gym this weekend．Main EventsThere is plenty to do during the science show．Of course，you will take a look at all of the students' projects．You can see science movies and discover some secrets of life．Some scientists w ill come to our show． They will give advice on how to do experiments on physics，chemistry and biology directly．Meet a Robot!A new kind of robot will be on show． Its name is Moro． It can "see" with its large blue eyes． During the show，you can watch Moro move different sizes of things and put them on a shelf with its hands． When you touch Moro on the arm， it will say hello to you． But please don't take photos of Moro with your camera or smart phone．Our Own InventorOur local inventor Ray Allen will give a talk about science research． He will also show how to use his inventions in our daily life． At the end of his talk， Mr．Allen will answer questions from students．We're sure the science show will offer a great way for you to put your science knowledge to use !（1）All of the from students will be on show in the gym this weekend．A．projectsB．robotsC．homeworkD．photos（2）What can Moro do when you touch it ？A．Nod its head．B．Close its large eyes．C．Say hello to you．D．Shake hands with you．（3）From the passage， we find that Mr．Allen ．A．is known as a local inventorB．takes no interest in scienceC．hasn't made any inventions yetD．gives advice on science subjects15．（6分）Caring for birds， goats and a tortoise is all part of a living classroom．High﹣school students in Arlington， Virginia are learning how to care foranimals． They are at the animal science lab， learning about and taking care of nearly 50kinds of animals．Holding a rabbit in her arms， Elleny Alemu says it is"so cute"． She says soon she will be getting one of her own．Miguel Zambrano doesn't feel the same way about Snickers． Zambrano is feeding her hay（千草）， hoping she will let him brush her．"She gets mad if you sometimes don't even pay attention to her． And she doesn't like people to ride her．"Zambrano is one of 70students taking the yearlong animal science program． Students learn in class and hands﹣on with the animals． It gives them a chance to learn what it is like to work with animals．Sydney Miller takes a rabbit to walk， to give it exercise． She takes the animal ona leash（皮带）， like a dog． They walk past other different kinds of animals．"I wantedto learn more about them and get a hands﹣on experience．Cleaning the rabbit's cage is something she didn't like to do．"I have to clean his dirty box and bedding every day．" But Miller hopes to be a vet one day．Science teacher， Schall explains that the students are learning "hand taming （驯养）" They have to hold them for at least 10minutes． Yes， that includes snakes and evena kind of deadly spider． Schall says she helps the student by first holding the animalherself．Lab assistant（助手） Rebecca Brumbaugh helps the students． She says that， like people， animalls have minds of their own． "They have their own feelings． Different animals have different personalities（个性） and they connect with different humans．"（1）What are the students doing according to the passage ？A．Keeping animals as pets．B．Protecting the environment．C．TakingD．Experiencing the future life．（2）According to Paragraph 4， Zembrano's Snickers is probably a ．A．rabbitB．horseC．birdD．mouse（3）When training animals， Mrs．Schall teaches her students by ．A．comparing with anotherB．downloading informationC．showing some picturesD．setting an example16．（6分）Sign language users once had to meet at local deaf clubs to meet with friends， have conversations and share their ideas． In recent years， however， some websites have started to take the place of the deaf clubs， with Facebook leading the way． Videos can be watched online for long periods and groups are easy to set up and join．Many deaf people enjoy being able to communicate more easily with their hearing colleagues（同事）， old school friends or family members． Deaf comedy actor John Smith says， Before we had social networking sites ， many deaf people wereseparated． Facebook provides a place where we can communicate with more people and drive away some of our frustrations about the barriers（障碍） we face in everyday life． "But it wasn't perfect because status updates（更新） had to be written in English text．In sign language，meaning is communicated through hands，facial expressions and body language．It has a different grammar and structure． Because of difficulties in learning language without hearing， many sign language users look on English as their second language and often aren't fluent in English． For example， in spoken English you might say，" The man climbed to the top of the big mountain．" But in sign languageyou'd show the mountain first， like this， "Mountain， big． Man climbed up it， all the way to the top．" You'd show how steep （陡峭的） the mountain was through your signs，and the effort the man took to climb it would be emphasized（强调） by your actions and facial expressions﹣almost like acting the part of the climber．As time goes on， more and more deaf people prefer using Facebook instead． They will have fewer opportunities to meet and sign with each other face﹣to﹣face．However， most deaf people think they benefit a lot from websites for deafpeople． As Bust on says， "Facebook gives deaf people the confidence to come out and say things that they never would have said before because they didn't have the platform（平台） to say them on． Confidence comes from being able to express your own thoughts in your own language．"（1）We can know from the first two paragraphs that ．A．social websites make deaf people communicate more widelyB．Facebook has already taken the place of local clubs completelyC．deaf people can't spend any time in watching videos on websitesD．Facebook doesn't help deaf people communicate with each other（2）Deaf people usually have trouble in according to Paragraph 3．A．joining in online groupsB．using body language skilfullyC．communicating through handsD．learning to write in English text（3）What can be inferred from the passage ？A．It will take deaf people less time to update their own computers．B．There will be fewer local clubs for deaf people to meet together．C．It is impossible for deaf people to express their thoughts online．D．Deaf people w ill have no time to use sign language in local clubs．17．（8分）Social media has become a part of our lives． It is the communication tool that children have been brought up with， but it is still illegal（ 违法的） for a Canadian child under the age of 13to have a social media page．This is a shame when you consider the learning opportunities that social mediaoffers． At our school，Vernon Christian Elementary school in Vernon，B．C．， I can see how it provides children with the chance to learn how to communicate properly andeffectively． If they want their friends to follow them or re﹣tweet（转发） theirmessages， they must learn to write them creatively in an interesting and amusing style， attach （粘贴） pictures， and ask questions to invite a response． Students will learn a lot from the process．Social media can also help students to sharpen up their writing skills． My students usually use the blog to keep a diary about something that interests them， and suddenly they appear to love writing．So is it necessary to restrict（限制） students in the social media age？ Notreally． A survey has found that 59percent of children have already used a social network by the time they are 10， and 43percent have messaged people they didn't know by the age of 12．Of course， primary schools should care about the dangers of social media． Measures （措施） should be taken to protect students from the dangers． In our school， we have a social media platform with a teacher's dashboard（信息窗） where all activities can be managed． On one occasion， a boy wrote hurtful comments （评论） about a girl in a post message． After a discussion with him about why it is wrong to send hurtful emails， he was embarrassed and said sorry to the girl．Over the past 23years teaching in British Columbia， I have focused on computing． I therefore take notice of the bad effects of social media on primary students． However， social media offers learning and communicating opportunities to elementarystudents． More importantly， we cannot ignore（忽视） the fact elementary children are using social media． I strongly believe that exposing students to the social media will equip them to be wiser grow﹣ups in the future．（1）Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage ？A．The writer has made students learn a lot by using social media as a teacher．B．All the students can't be allowed to use social media in British Columbia．C．In Canada，children under 13have rights to use social media pages freely．D．The writer has paid less attention to primary students in using social media．（2）The phrase"sharpen up"in the third paragraph means " "．A．achieveB．improveC．formD．practise（3）What does the writer mainly tell us in the passage ？A．More schools will encourage students to use social media skillfully．B．It is necessary to stop the students from using social media at school．C．Social media at school w ill make great influence on students' future．D．It is so important to keep school websites safe in Information Age．（4）In the writer's opinion， social media at school．A．will take the place of other learning styles slowlyB．can help students make a good habit of learningC．will make students take less interest in learningD．should be developed more widely among students四、阅读理解18．（10分）Would you like to go on a festival that is partly cut off from modern life？ Do you want to visit a place where people still have a strong sense of local traditions？Let me introduce a festival that will meet your needs． The festival， called Up Helly Aa， is held in the Shetland Islands， just off the coast of Scotland．Many years ago， many of the Shetland Islands had days to celebrate the time when winter began to move towards spring． The early festivals had bonfires（篝火） and involved the whole neighborhood． They were quite dangerous． In one festival，barrels of burning tar （焦油） were pulled through the streets． Tar is very sticky and burns easily． Often，the barrels turned over as they were pulled along． The tar poured out， still burning， and houses on the street caught fire and burned down! So，in the early 1800s， thefestivals were stopped．But in 1877， Up Helly Aa started again． It was based on the early firefestivals． It is held about the same time every year， on the last Tuesday inJanuary． The people who organized the first Up Helly Aa wanted to remind people that the festival was"traditional"． So they used a Viking image（肖像）， which the earlyfestival did not do． A wooden copy of a Viking ship is pulled through the streets and then burned on a huge bonfire． Men pull the ship through the streets with ropes． More men stand in lines on each side of the roads， holding burning sticks． All of them dress up as Vikings．All the local people come to Up Helly Aa． But people come from all over the world to watch， too． Only local men can make the ship， pull it through the streets or hold the burning sticks． Women cant take part in this part of the festival， not even the local women． Anyone can go to watch ， though．Once the ship has been burned， there are lots of parties that go on all night． The women have been busy getting the parties ready all day． Everyone in the neighborhood， men， women and children， can go to the parties． There is lots of food anddrinks． Often people sing and dance until early the next morning． So no one gets much sleep!（1）Where do people have the festival ？（2）When is the festival held every year ？（3）What is pulled through the streets and burned on bonfires ？（4）What do people do at the parties ？（5）Whats the passage mainly about ？五、文段表达19．（10分）假如你是李华，作为活动主持人，你打算邀请外教Smith先生来参加本周末学校开展的"英语戏剧展示"活动，请用英语给他写﹣封邀请函，告诉他本次活动的具体时间和地点，安排了哪些内容，以及需要他做哪些事情．提示词语： wear， role， perform， judge， suggestions， photos提示问题：．When and where are you going to hold the English drama show？．What are you going to do on the show？．What will you ask Mr． Smith to do for the show？Dear Mr． Smith，I'm glad to tell you there'll be an English drama show this weekend．We're looking forward to your reply．Li Hua20．（10分）"友善"是一种美德，它犹如阳光和雨露照耀并滋润着美德的形成．同学们，请奉献你的友善，为创建和谐社会做出贡献．某英文网站正在开展以"友善待人、快乐生活"为主题的征文活动．假如你是李华，请用英语写一篇短文投稿，谈谈生活中你对他人提供善意帮助的经历．主要内容包括：你对友善行为的认识和理解，你平时做哪些友善的事情，以及你这样做的美好愿望．提示词语： kind， politely， trouble， offer， proud， society提示问题：．What do you think of showing kindness to others？．How do you help them kindly in your daily life？．What do you dream about being kind to them？It's our duty to show kindness to others around us．参考答案一、选择题1．【分析】我的生日就要到了，我的父母会给我一些漂亮的礼物．【解答】考查代词．A我的，名词性物主代词．B我，主格．C我，宾格．D我的，形容词性物主代词．句意"我的生日就要到了，我的父母会给我一些漂亮的礼物．"．动词give后用宾格me我．故选：C．【点评】考查代词，这里要分清名词性物主代词，形容词性物主代词，主格或宾格的用法，结合语境选择合适答案．2．【分析】彼得的母亲是农民．她在农场工作．【解答】根据题意：彼得的母亲是农民．她在农场工作．可知在农场用介词on．故选：B．【点评】熟悉介词的基本用法，结合题意，给出答案．3．【分析】﹣﹣你家里有多少人，杰克？﹣﹣四口，他们是我的父亲，我的母亲，我的姐姐和我．【解答】考查疑问词组．A多少，修饰不可数名词．B多少，修饰可数名词复数．C多长时间，对一段时间提问．D多久，对频率提问．结合语境"四口，他们是我的父亲，我的母亲，我的姐姐和我．"．可知，对数量提问，且修饰集合名词people人．用疑问词组how many．故选：B．【点评】疑问词组通常用来构成疑问句，要根据回答的具体内容进行选择，注意一些固定搭配，分清疑问词的用法．4．【分析】托尼是个篮球运动员，他是我们班最高的．【解答】考查最高级．A高的．B更高的．C最高的，前面通常加the．D最高的．结合语境"托尼是个篮球运动员，他是我们班___．"．可知，"在我们班里"，三者以上比较，应该是"最高的"．故选：D．【点评】考查最高级，要熟练掌握最高级的变法，根据具体的语境仔细分析选择恰当的最高级形式．5．【分析】﹣苏珊经常在网上玩游戏吗？﹣她每周上网玩游戏一次．【解答】根据题意：﹣苏珊经常在网上玩游戏吗？﹣她每周上网玩游戏一次．once a week是一般现在时的标志．故选：A．【点评】熟悉一般现在时的基本用法面结合题意，给出答案．6．【分析】请保持安静．所有的学生在学校上课．【解答】根据题意：请保持安静．所有的学生在学校上课．由Keep quiet， please可知学习生正在上课，要避免打扰，用现在进行时be+doing．故选：A．【点评】熟悉现在进行时的基本用法，结合题意，给出答案．7．【分析】杰夫午夜到达机场，所以他叫了一辆出租车到旅馆．【解答】考查一般过去时态．A第三人称单数．B一般将来时态．C一般过去时．D现在进行时态．句意"杰夫午夜到达机场，所以他叫了一辆出租车到旅馆．"．由got过去式．可知，一般过去时态．谓语动词用call的过去式called．故选：C．【点评】考查一般过去时态．通常表示事情发生在过去，主语谓语动词过去式的变法，分析时间状语．结合语境完成试题．8．【分析】﹣杰夫在哪里？﹣他已经去看电影了．【解答】根据题意：﹣姐夫在哪里？﹣他已经去看电影了．可知杰夫不在说话场所，去了某地还没回来．gone to表示去了某地没回来，been to表示曾经去过某地，人已经回来．结合本题人没回来．故选：B．【点评】熟悉现在完成时的基本用法，结合题意，给出答案．9．【分析】昨天晚上门铃响的时候，我的父母正在读书．【解答】根据题意：昨天晚上门铃响的时候，我的父母正在读书．由when the doorbell rang yesterday evening可知，含有when引导的一般过去时的句子，其主句一般用过去进行时were/was+doing．故选：D．【点评】熟悉过去进行时的基本用法，结合题意，给出答案．10．【分析】多穿点衣服，否则你会在大风中感冒的．【解答】根据语境以及上下文，本题考查的是连词的用法．根据设空处前后句子可以推断句意是：多穿点衣服，否则你会在大风中感冒的．句型"祈使句+or+陈述句"，表示在以祈使句为条件下的相反假设，意为"否则，要不然"，所以用连词or（否则）；故选：C．【点评】本题主要考查连词的用法，连词在句子中主要起联系上下文的作用，他们之间的区别就是表示逻辑关系的不同，所以在解题时先要理解上下文含义，然后根据上下文逻辑关系选择合适的连词．是做好此类题型的关键．设空处表示"否则"．11．【分析】明年我们镇将建一个新的公园．【解答】根据句中的时间状语为next year 故确定为一般将来时态，结合主语A new park 是谓语动词build的承受者，二者形成被动关系，故确定为被动语态，故该句的谓语动词为一般将来时态的被动语态，其结构为will +be+过去分词．故填入will be built．故选：D．【点评】本题考查用所给单词的适当形式填空，首先要根据语境明确句意，然后再根据相关语法对所给单词在形式上做出正确的变化，本题考查一般将来时态的被动语态，其结构为will +be+过去分词．12．【分析】﹣﹣简，你能告诉我昨天你在哪里买的票吗？﹣﹣哦，是的，我在网上买的．【解答】考查宾语从句．句意"﹣﹣简，你能告诉我昨天你在哪里买的票吗？﹣﹣哦，是的，我在网上买的．"．宾语从句中，从句通常用陈述语序．C，D不正确．由yesterday昨天．可知，一般过去时态．B不正确．故选：A．【点评】宾语从句中一般为陈述语序，关于引导词的区分需结合引导词的基本含义及其在句子中所承担的句子成分进行具体分析．宾语从句的时态和主句没有必然的联系，需结合语境具体分析．二、完形填空13．【分析】文章讲述了作者偶然发现了一个网站，在读了所有的故事之后，被他们深深地感动了．所以她在网上订购很多微笑卡片在外面传递给不同的人们．她想让这个城市的人把这种善意的东西传递下去．【解答】（1）B 考查动词，A．changed改变 B．shared分享 C．argued吵架 D．explained解释， 根据I …my new idea with my best friend，结合选项，可以推出句意：我和我最好的朋友分享我的主意，故选B．（2）C 考查动词，A．work工作 B．put放 C．pass传递 D．insist 坚持，根据后文We caught （4）of a young woman there and went over to ask her if she would pass the card along，可知是指：我们看到一个年轻的女人，于是走上前问她是否可以把卡片传递下去，由此推出我们的目的是让这个城市的人传递微笑卡片，故选C．（3）C 考查介词，A．away远离 B．down往下 C．out外面的 D．around在…周围，根据found some lovely people that we would give our smile cards to去寻找一些我们可以送给卡片的可爱的人，可知是到外面去寻找那些人，故选C．（4）D 考查名词，A．hold握住 B．attention注意力 C．breath呼吸 D．sight 视力，根据 caught…of，结合选项，推出是短语catch sight of看到…，这是固定搭配 ，结合句意"我们看到了一个年轻的女人"，故选D．（5）A 考查动词，A．carrying 搬运B．throwing扔 C．emptying倒空 D．tying 系，根据a heavy bag一个重包，结合后文 It seemed that he needed some help似乎是她需要帮忙，推出她搬运一个重包，故选A．（6）C 考查动词，A．regretted遗憾 B．confused拒绝 C．frightened吃惊的 D．excited激动的额， 根据When we handed a smile card to him， he just stood there当我们递给他一张微笑卡时，他只是站在那里， 推出她对我们的行为有点惊讶，故选C．（7）C 考查名词，A．joke玩笑 B．surprise惊讶 C．smile微笑 D．shame 羞耻，根据Annie showed kindness to her ，可知Annie 对她表现的很善意，推出她同样回以善意的大大的微笑，故选C．（8）A 考查动词，A．delivering传送 B．selling卖 C．playing玩 D．making 制造，根据后文Annie and I were sure that there would be more smile cards appearing in the city!安妮和我确信，在这个城市里会出现更多的微笑卡片！推出这些微笑卡片是我们传递出去的，所以此处是指我们在传递微笑卡片，故选A．【点评】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述的是作者通过传递微笑卡片而传递善意的精神的故事．解题时需要快速阅读全文，了解文章大意，再带着选项去读，边读边做，注意联系上下文．三、阅读理解14．【分析】这是一篇教育文化类阅读，主要介绍我们学校将要举行科学展览．所以学生的项目都会被展出．一些科学家会来到我们学校．还有一个叫做Moro机器人．当地的发明家Ray Allen将会做演讲．并回答学生的问题．我们相信科学展览会是一种为你提供科学知识的很好的方式．【解答】1．A．细节理解题．根据第二段Of course，you will take a look at all of thestudents' projects当然，你会看看所有学生的项目．可知，这个周末所有来自学生的项目都将在体育馆展出．选A．2．C．细节理解题．根据第三段第二行 When you touch Moro on the arm， it will say hello to you当你触摸Moro的手臂，它会向你问好．可知，触摸它的手臂它能向你问好．选C．3．A．细节理解题．根据倒数第二段Our local inventor Ray Allen will give a talk about science research我们的本地发明家雷阿伦将做一个关于科学研究的演讲．可知，我们发现艾伦先生作为当地的发明家而出名．选A．【点评】阅读题型，要注重句子与句子之间、段落与段落之间逻辑关系以及对篇章的整体理解．根据所给问题选择正确选项完成试题．15．【分析】本文介绍了弗吉尼亚州阿灵顿中学的学生怎样在科学课的生活教室内照顾动物，包括他们要照顾的动物的种类和怎样照顾它们．文章还说明了老师和科学课助手怎样进行这方面的教学示范和帮助学生等事情．【解答】1．C． 细节理解题．根据文中"High﹣school students in Arlington， Virginia are learning how to care for animals"和" They are at the animal science lab， learning about and taking care of nearly 50kinds of animals"可知，阿灵顿学校的学生正在学习怎样照顾动物，他们正在动物科学实验室，学习照顾接近50种动物，故知他们在上科学课，选C．2． B．细节理解题．根据文中" Zambrano is feeding her hay， hoping she will let him brush her"和" And she doesn't like people to ride her"可知，桑布拉诺正在给它（"窃笑"）喂干草，它不喜欢人们骑在它身上，故知"窃笑"可能是一匹马，故选B．3． D．细节理解题．根据文中"Schall says she helps the student by first holding the animal herself"可知，沙尔太太首先亲自抱着动物（作为示范）来帮助学生，故选D．【点评】首先要通读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案．16．【分析】文章介绍了网络给聋哑人提供了很多交流的平台，给他们的交流带来了便利．【解答】1． A 细节理解题，根据 In recent years， however， some websites have started to take the place of the deaf clubs， with Facebook leading the way．然而，近年来，一些网站已经开始取代聋人俱乐部，Facebook在这方面处于领先地位．Facebook provides a place where we can communicate with more people and drive away some of our frustrations about thebarriers（障碍） we face in everyday life．可知Facebook提供了一个地方，我们可以与更多的人交流，赶走我们的一些挫折障碍，让我们面对日常生活．可知说的是社交网站让聋人更广泛地交流，故选A．2． D 细节理解题，根据But it wasn't perfect because status updates（更新） had to be written in English text但是它并不完美，因为状态更新必须用英语写的文本，可知他们在学习用英语写作遇到麻烦，故选D．3． B 推理判断题，根据As time goes on， more and more deaf people prefer usingFacebook instead． They will have fewer opportunities to meet and sign with each other face﹣to﹣face．随着时间的推移，越来越多的聋人更喜欢使用Facebook，他们就很少有机会见面，所以聋哑人的本地俱乐部将会减少．故选B．【点评】本文是一篇阅读选择题，做题时要先通读短文，弄清楚短文大意，然后在文中找出相关句子，根据句子选择正确答案．17．【分析】本文是一篇日常生活类阅读，文章大意：在当今社会中，社交媒体已经成为我们生活中的一部分，在孩子们的成长过程中，我们应该引导他们正确使用，这样会对孩子的成长有益处．【解答】1、A 细节理解题，根据Social media can also help students to sharpen up their writing skills．社交媒体也能帮助学生提高写作技能，故答案为A．2、B 词义猜测题，根据画线部分前面的"help students"以及后面的"they appear to love writing"可以判断 sharpen up 应 是"提高"之意．故选B．3、C 观点态度题，根据 I strongly believe that exposing students to the social media willequip them to be wiser grow﹣ups in the future我坚信，让学生接触社交媒体将使他们在未来成为更聪明的成年人．故答案为C．4、B 细节理解题，根据I can see how it provides children with the chance to learn how tocommunicate properly and effectively．我可以看到它如何为孩子们提供了学习如何正确和有效地交流的机会．故答案为B．【点评】解答阅读理解这类试题时，务必充分理解上下文的语境和前后文的逻辑关系，找到解题的依据和线索， 准确作答．四、阅读理解18．【分析】本文主要介绍了一个传统特色节日Up Helly Aa，文章说了这个节日的由来和发展经历以及现在这故节日的组织形式．【解答】1． in the Shetland Islands；细节理解题；题目问的是" 人们在哪里庆祝节日？"根据原文"The festival， called Up Helly Aa， is held in the Shetland Islands， just off the coast of Scotland．这个节日叫Hely﹣AA，在苏格兰海岸附近的设得兰群岛举行． "故答案是 in the Shetland Islands．2．on the last Tuesday in January；细节理解题；题目问的是"每年这个节日什么时候举行？"根据原文" It is held about the same time every year， on the last Tuesday in January在每年一月的最后一个星期二，每年都会在同一时间举行． "故答案是on the last Tuesday in January．3．A wooden copy of a Viking ship；细节理解题；题目问的是"什么东西穿过街道，在篝火上燃烧 "根据原文" A wooden copy of a Viking ship is pulled through the streets and then burned on a huge bonfire．一艘海盗船的木制副本被拉过街道，然后在巨大的篝火上燃烧．"故答案是A wooden copy of a Viking ship．4．people sing and dance；细节理解题；题目问的是"人们在聚会上做什么？ "根据原文" Often people sing and dance until early the next morning．人们经常唱歌跳舞直到第二天清晨． "故答案是people sing and dance．5．The festival ﹣﹣ Up Helly Aa；总结大意题；题目问的是"这篇文章主要讲的是什么？ "根据原文" Let me introduce a festival that will meet your needs．我来介绍一个能满足你需求的节日． "故答案是The festival ﹣﹣ Up Helly Aa．【点评】此题考查阅读填空，在理解文章意思基础上，结合语境仔细分析，便可得出正确答案．五、文段表达19．【分析】【高分句型一】If possible， you can bringyour camera with you and take some photos for us． 如果可能的话，你可以带上你的相机给我们拍一些照片．if引导条件状语从句。
【西城一模】CParents and children often face the challenges of money. Common topics include setting the pocket money，learning to save，and deciding on expensive purchases. The goal of most parents is to teach their kids how to manage money wisely. The goal of most kids is getting money to spend. How can families balance these goals?“All parents hope they’ll raise a money-savvy kid, who’ll grow up to be an adult wise in their money use.” says financial (金融的）planner Peg Eddy. The key is letting kids learn by having a little money of their own.The Tidier family in Denver found the best way to teach about money was to let their kids earn some. Their son, Ryan, 17, has been helping with their garden since he was 8. Now he has been able to save $7,800. Ryan has come to see the value in making his own money even when other kids are given money by their parents.Learn Now, Save LaterMoney skills are an important part of becoming a successful adult. David Brady, another financial planner, says, “Young people today will have much more responsibility for their financial future than their parents or grandparents.”Brady does remind kids. “They shouldn’t be thinking about money all the time，” he says. However, they should understand basic rules for earning, saving and investing (投资）.That knowledge is greatly needed. Over the past years, the average credit card debt (债务)of Americans ages 18 to 24 doubled, to nearly $ 3,000. Among high school students, four out of five have never taken a personal-finance class.Talking About ItMany kids want to learn how to manage their money. But parentsthink only about what kids shouldn’t do. Instead, experts say,knowing how to manage money is the best way for kids to getwhat they really want. That means long-term planning and savingfor big expenses like college or a car. It also means thinking of others, by making donations to charity (慈善）.Giselle Lopez, 17, of New York City, learned the hard way. She was over $ 2,000 in debt on her first credit card. Her parents refused to pay, so Giselle got a job. Then she paid the debt off slowly herself. “Now every time I use it, I know that it comes from my own pocket,” Giselle says.“That gives me a sense of responsibility for my actions.”Different kids will have different styles when it comes to money. Teaching them how to use money doesn’t have to me an setting strict rules. When children like Ryan and Giselle have their own money to consider, they can learn to set those rules themselves.27. Brady believes that ____ .A. parents should attend more personal-finance classesB. parents should teach their kids how to saveC. kids should learn how to manage moneyD. kids should follow the school rules28. Why did the writer say Giselle Lopez “learned the hard way”?A. Because she had to pay the debt off slowly herself.B. Because she had to make donations to charity.C. Because she had difficulty finishing her job.D. Because she had too many credit cards.29. What is the best title for the passage?A. Saving Matters!B. Parents Rule!C. Classes Work!D. Money Counts!【东城一模】CIt was a February afternoon in a Brooklyn classroom.Sixteen-year-old Taylor Engler came face to face with acow. But it was all in her head. She was transported bya virtual (虚拟白勺）reality (VR) headset —it took Taylorand her classmates to a farm 250 miles away. Forstudents, the technology means field trips are no longerlimited by the length of a bus ride. u \ was not expecting it to be right in my face!” That’s what Taylor said after taking off the headset and finding herself back in the classroom.On any school day, students can take virtual reality “trips”. They are deep -sea diving. They are observing medical operations. They are visiting the Science Museum in London. Teachers say it 5s another way to involve the iPhone generation (—代人）into classroom learning and it can help with their understanding and improve their grades. Colin Jones, a science teacher, haswalked students through the northern forest with a Google app called Expeditions, It can be done in a period or two with the help of the new technology ，” he said. “But it co uld take even a week sometimes to take a real expedition. ’’“It’s different from watching videos. You can actually move ，” Taylor said during the lesson on farm animals. “Not only move , but also feel ，” said Richard Lamb. He studies how brains deal with inf ormation. “Your physiological responses (生理反应）in virtual reality are similar to what you get in doing the actual activity. ’’ Lamb said. “Heart rate , breathing... everything. ’’It is unknown how many classrooms will use the technology. But experts say it’s still rare. Each headset can cost as little as $ 20 or $ 30，but systems and software for classes run into thousands of dollars. And good software is in great need. Another problem we face is how to make sure the VR technology mimics (模仿）the real world cl osely. “But we have to say VR technology provides students with a huge learning opportunity ，” said David Evans , director of the National Science Teachers Association.John Miller, a chemistry teacher, agreed. “Too often in schools ，students did something wrong in their chemistry experiments. But we don’t have enough materials for them to redo the experiments. In virtual reality, all they do is hit reset on the computer. We don’t have to actually use chemicals. ’’Both Miller and Evans stressed the technology could enrich-not replace- real-world experiences. “We have to remain anchored (立足）in the real world ，”Evans warned ，“because that’s the one that we really need to study and explain. ’’27. On a February afternoon, Taylor .A. travelled to a farm on a busB. watched a video about a cowC. had a virtual reality lesson in the classroomD. played computer games with her classmates28.What can we learn from the passage?A. VR technology is widely used in schools.B. Teachers think VR technology helpful for students.C. Colin Jones’ students prefer a real trip to the forest.D. Students breathe faster in VR activities than in actual ones.29. Miller and Evans probably agree that .A. people shouldn’t lose interest in the real worldB. people should develop more VR systems and softwareC. VR technology won’t change students’ way of learningD. VR technology will reduce students’ mistakes in experiments【海淀一模】CEveryone has traits ( 特性 ) that make us who we are. We have physical. traits, like red hair, long legsand funny-looking toes. We also have character traits including humor, warmth, creativity and so on.Certain physical traits are fully inherited (遗传 ), such as blue eyes and knobby knees. About 25,000 t0 35,000 genes (基因 ) are in a single cell in the human body. These genes carry the traits that are passeddown genetically from parents to their children. 'Many traits exist between inheritance and development - the interaction with environment.One example is body shape. It tends to be passed down from parents. But once diet becomes a factor,environment begins to play an important role in how the body develops. Body shape is a trait that is a mixtureofinheritance from parents and influence of environment.So lots of our most important traits have been learned, rather than inherited. For example, if you'rereally great at video games, it's not because your parents passed down the skills in genes. It's becauseyou have practiced a lot of video games and developed those skills yourself. If you have kids who turnout to be great at video games, it is because they put in the hours, learned the skills, and memorized the moves that are necessary to play the video games well.Of course, some of us have brains that are more advantageous to video game playing. Say you wereborn with a large and powerful part of the brain that controls your hand-eye coordination (协调能力 ).That's inherited. What you do with it, how you choose to develop that advantage, is up to you.You can pierce your nose or get a tattoo - it doesn't matter how much you change your bodyduring the lifetime. None of those things will turn into genetic material to be passed down to the nextgeneration. However, if your children grow up in an environment with role models who are pierced andcovered in tattoos, they are more likely to get piercings and tattoos!27is a physical trait that is fully inheritedA. The eye colorB. The special dietC. The body shapeD. The pierced nose28. According to the passage, the writer believes thatA. character traits can hardly change during the lifetimeB. the skills of video game playing are passed down to kidsC. a kid's hand-eye coordination isn't related to inheritanceD. environment plays an important role in traits development29. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?A. Why are Traits Important?B.How does Inheritance Influence Traits?C. Where do Traits Come from?D. What are Physical and Character Traits?【朝阳一模】CAreY ouRightHandedor LeftHand e d?Whichhand doyou usewhen you write?About 8% to 15%ofpeople arelefthanded.They often havetousetools thataredesigned for right-handed people. Soitisdifficultforleft-handers tousemosttools.Ifyouarerighthanded,trythisexperiment:T akeaknifewithyourlefthandand try cuttinga potatointopieces. Don'tbe surprised ifyoufeel awkward (别扭的)Inthepast,peoplethoughtitwasstrangetousethelefthand.Y oungstudentslookeddown upontheirleft-handed classmates.Somechildrenwereevenpunished forusingtheirlefthandtowrite.Butthesedaysparentsandteachershaveacceptedthat.Left-handersarejustordinary(普通的)people.Inalmosteveryschoolintheworld,left-handedstudentscanusetheirlefthandto write.Whatcausespeopletobelefthandedorrighthanded?Expertshavesearchedlongand handonthis.Theyconcluded(得出结论)thatleft-handedpeoplearelefthandedforthesamereason that right-handed people are right handed. One out of every ten people just is a left-hander.It'ssimplylikethecolorofoureyes—somepeoplehavebrowneyes,whilesome Othershaveblack eyes.However,manyresearchersthink thatlefthanderandright-handersaredifferentinsome aspects. Right-handersare moretalkativeandoutgoingthan left-handers.Manyright-handed peopleunderstand spoken wordsbetter. Forexample,afterthey listen todirectionstoa supermarket, they canfind iteasily. Right-handersaregood at organizingpeople,too.They are alsobetterbasketball guards. Justask Y aoMing.Research shows thatleft-handersarecreativeandartistic. Many famousperformers,likeJim Carrey andPaul McCartney,arelefthanded.Many left-handerslearn bettervisually(在视觉方面).In art,both LeonardodaVinciandMichelangelowerelefthanded. Inmusic, LudwigvanBeethoven waslefthanded.In science, you find Newtonand Einstein. Theleft-handed people are also really good attennisand othersingle sportsIf you prefer one hand,butyou arestill good atwriting with the other, you aremixedhanded. Research showsmixed-handerscanremembereverydaythingsbetterthan otherpeople.Whatdid you eatforlunch twoweeksago?If you'remixed handed, you canprobably remember.28. If right-handerscutup potatoes with theirlefthand.they will .A. get hurtB. giveupcuttingC.feel awkwardD.changetheir tools29.WhatisParagraph2mainly about?A. Causes ofbeinglefthanded.B. Encouragementtoleft-handersC. Punishment forusing the lefthandD. Changesin opinions on left-handers30.Accordingto the passage, right-handers .A. aregood organizersB. learn better visuallyC. arebetterat single sportsD. givecleardirectionsto others31.From the passage,wecan learn thatleft-handers .A. may bemoretalkativeand outgoingB. areordinary people likeright-handersC might remembereverydaythingsbetterD. nolongerneed touserighthanded tools【石景山一模】CIn life we sometimes have disagreements with people. It could be with your parents, or with a friend. When this happens, the important thing is to try not to let a calm （平静的）discussion turn into a heated argument. But of course this is easier said than done.The first thing is that the way you begin the conversation is very important. Imagine you are a student and you share a flat with another student who you think isn't doing her share of the housework. If you say, "Look, you never do your share of the housework. What are we going to do about it?", the discussion will very soon turn into an argument. it's much more helpful to say something like, "I think we'd better have another look about how we divide up the housework. Maybe there's a better way of doing it."The second piece of advice is simple. If you're the person who is in the wrong, just admit (承认) it This is the easiest and best way to avoid an argument. Just apologize (道歉) to your flatmate, your parents, and move on. The other person will have more respect for you in the future if you do that.And the final tip is that if necessary, call“Time Out”,like in a sports match.Ifyou thinkthat an argument is getting out of control，then you can say to the other person, "Listen, I'drather talk about this tomorrow when we've both calmed down."You can then continue thediscussion the next day when perhaps both of you are feeling less angry. That way there ismuch more chance that you will be able to reach an agreement.One last important thing. Some people think that arguing is always bad.This is not true,Conflict（冲突）is a normal part of life, and dealing with conflict is an important part of anyrelationship,whether it's three people sharing a flat,orjust two good friends .Ifyou don't learnto argue properly, then when a real problem comes along,you won't be prepared to face ittogether. Think of the smaller arguments as training. Learn how to argue cleanly and fairly. Itwill help your relationship become stronger and last longer.27. According to the passage, if you apologize for your mistakes,you willA .feel much better than beforeB .get lots ofhelp from othersC.make the arguments heatedD. win more respect of others28.We can learn from Paragraph 4 that_.A .people are more Iikely to reach an agreement with calmB .it'snecessary for friends to argue with each otherC. it's better to deal with an argument very soonD .friends'argument is just like a sports match29. What's the passage mainly about?A .Reasonwhy people argue a lot.B. The results of arguments in our life,C .The importance ofconflict in our life.D .Advice on how to deal with disagreements,【丰台一模】CLivinganddealingwithkidscanbeahardjobthesedays,butlivinganddealingwithparentscanbeevenharder.If I have learned anything in my 16 years, it is that communicationisveryimportant,bothwhenyoudisagreeandwhenyougetalongwell.Withanyrelationship,youneedtoletotherpersonknowhowyouarefeeling.Ifyouarenotabletocommunicate,youdriftapart(疏远).Whenyouaremadatyourparents,oranyoneelse,nottalkingtothemdoesn’tsolveanything.Communicationbeginswiththeconcern (关心)foranother.Itmeansthatyou can’tjustcomehomefromschool,go up toyour roomandignore(不理睬)everyone. E venifyoujustsay“Hi”,andseehowtheirdaywasforfive minutes,it isbetterthannothing.Ifyoulookeduptheword“c omm unication”inadictionar y,itwouldsay“the exchangeofideas, theexpressionofinformation,correspondence(通信),meansof communication:aletter oram essage”.T okeep agoodrelationship,youmust keep communicationstrong.Letpeople knowhowyoufeel,evenifit’sjustbywritinganote.Whendealingwithparents,youalwayshavetomakethemfeelgoodabout howtheyaredoingasaparent.Ifyouaretryingtomakethemseesomethingasyouseeit,tellthemthatyou’llli stentowhattheyhavetosay, butaskthempolitely tolistentoyou. Yelling or walking away only makes the situation worse.This is an example: one night, Sophie went to a street party with her friends.She knew she had to be home by midnight after the fireworks, but she didn’t feel she could just ask to go home. That would be rude. After all, they had been nice enough to take her along with them. Needless to say, she was late getting home.Her parents were mad at first, not when Sophie explained why she was late, they weren’t as mad and let the incident go. Communication is the key factor here. If Sophie’s parents had not been willing to listen, Sophie would have been in a lot of trouble.Communicationisn’t a one-waydeal:it goesbothways.Justremember:if you getintoasituationlikeSophie’s,tellingtheotherpersonhowyoufeel—listening isthekeyfactortocommunication.27. In thewriter’sview,dealingwithparentsis thanwithchildren.A. moredifficultB.easierC. moreimportantD. funnier28. FromParagraph6 wecanlearnthat .A. gettinghomelatewould causemuchtroubleB.leavingthepartyearlywould berudetofriendsmunicationisthekeytokeepingfriendshipD. communicationisthesolutiontomisunderstanding29.Thewriterprobablyagreesthat .A. you shouldwriteanotetoletyour parentsknow how you feelB. you arewillingtotalktoyourparentsshows your carefor themC. you alwayshavetolistentoyour parentstomakethemfeelgoodD. you don’tneedtocommunicatewithparentswhen you geton well西城：CAD东城：CBA海淀：ADC朝阳：CDAB石景山：DAD丰台：27.A 28. D 29. B。
2018东城一模Rooftop GardensI lave you ever seen a rooftop garden— a garden on（he top of a roof? Many people arc finding it good forthe environment and good for themselves.（dies can be as much as 4 10 degreeswarmer than the countryside. （ireen r（x）ftops canactually help cool the air in cities^ A single green roofwill not do much to change the temperature of a city. Ilowever・ when more buildings begin to change their rooftops into green spaces• it makes a real difference. Buildings that are cooler also u se air conditioning less often. This reduces the amount of energy a building uscst which is good for the environmcni. Cities are usually more polluted than other areas. Plants on rooftops can even help clean the air. Gardens in lhe city can also provide a place for birds and bugs to live in.One unusual rooftop garden is located above Children s I Iospital in St. Louis* Missouri. The gar<lcn covers an area of 7. 500 square feet. The garden has flowers・ fountains （喷泉）.even a goldfish pond• and also paths tha t children can walk on in slippers or with bare feet. It is used as a place for the children and their parents to relax and be close to nature without leaving the hospitaL Another interesting garden is on the rooflop of the Royal York Hotel in Toronto• （'anada. A large vegetable garden has been planted on the roof. The hoteKs chefs （厨iJ帀〉can pick fresh vegetables from the roof.Now noi all buiklings have rooftop gardense （）ru? reason is that rooflop gardens can be more expensive than traditional rooftops. I lowever. they may save on heating and cooling bills in the future. Also# a roof needs to be flat and strong enough to support the weight of the garden.Some people may not know about rooftop gardens and how good they can be for the environment・ But word is starting to get out. You may want to keep your eyes on the skies when you walk in your town or city. You never know when you might find a secret garden many feet above the ground・34.What is a rooftop garden?35.What is lhe second paragraph mainly about?36.What is the rooftop garden in Children's Hospital in St. Louis used as?37.Why is the r（x）ftop garden of the Royal York I lotrl interesting?38.Why don't all buildings have rooftop gardens?It was a cold night in Washington. D.C., and I was heading back to the hotel when a man came to me. He asked if I would give him some money so he could get something to eat. I'd read the signs: "Don't give money to panhandlers （乞丐）・So I shook my head and kept walking.I wasn't prepiired for a reply, but he said, 44I really am homeless and I really am hungry! You can come with me and watch me eat!'、But I kept on walking・I couldn't forget what happened to me that day for the rest of the week・ I had money in my pocket and it wouldn't have killed me to hand over a dollar or two even if he had been lying. On a very cold night, no less, I thought the worst of a fellow human being・ Flying back to Anchorage. I still couldn't help thinking of him.I was the writer of a weekly garden column （专栏）at The Anchorage Daily News. One day, out of the blue, I came up with an idea・ Bean's Cafe, the soup kitchen in Anchorage, feeds hundreds of hungry people every day. Why not try to get all my readers to plant one row in their giirdens for Bean's? Plant a row and take it down to Bean's・ Clean and simple.We didn't keep records back then, but the idea began to tiike off. People would call me when they took something in. Those who only grew flowers gave them away. Food for the spirit.In 1995 , the Garden Writers Association of America （ GWAA） held their meeting in Anchorage and alter learning of Anchorage\ program, Plant a Row for Bean's became Plant a Row for the Hungry・ The idea was to have every member of the Garden Writers Association of America write or talk about planting a row for the hungry・As more and more people started working with the program, many companies gave free seed to customers and had the logo （商标）seen in public・Garden editor Joan Jackson raised more than 30X）00 pounds of fruits and vegetables her first year, and showed the public how the program could really work. Texas fruit fiirms gave away food to their local food bank alter heiiring about Plant a Row. Today the program continues to grow・I am shocked that millions of Americans are threatened by hunger. If every gardener in America ・ and we're seventy million strong ・ plants one row for the hungry, we can make a difference in the number of neighbors who don't have enough to eat. Maybe then I will stop feeling guilty （'魄疚）about walking past a hungry man I could have helped・34.Did the writer give money to the hungry man?35.How did the writer feel alter flying back to Anchorage?36.What did the writer try to get his readers to do?37.What did the GWAA do for the "Plant a Row,w program?3& What is the purpose of the program?We should learn to understand our mother well. Here are the best ways towards a better relationship with hen They are not necessarily surprising, but they have worked for many people・ them.• Remember your mother's ageAs children, we often forget our mother's age. Knowing our mother's age, not just in numbers of years but in terms of her psychological （心、理白勺））and physical state, often helps us to understand her better -Listen to your motherI have found that sometimes the things my mother told me long ago are pretty useful. If you respect her point of view it will help your mother feel close to you.•Ask your mother about your childhood（童年的）historyIf you are lucky enough to have a living family, think of your life as a jigsaw puzzle（拼图游戏）and ask as many questions as you can to put the picture togethei: Understanding your childhood history can help you know more clearly who you are, as part of a family which you share with your mother .Trying to understand our mother is the topic of how we understand ourselves・ We should follow the way of her life. When we are able to accept our mother—with all her failings, we can understand her better and it can also help us to know about our shortcomings- Remember that understanding our mother is really about understanding ourselves.36.Should we learn to understand our mother well?37.What do children often forget about their mother?3 & How do we make our mother feel close to us?39. Why do we ask our mother about our childhood history?40. What does the writer want to tell us?2018M瓷！蛊cmrsonisrchMres schuNs《・h 二一沁ixx-2f hr3r P二 r =、Hr-y 50 y2rs・ "*hu-N・x<・==-h ・％-□.=•-h= Peun 三s■・=--「*-=・=•ha> -x・・二-h-t2=z_ ?-一—kncyn 2rh5= in -h-•力二 r-二・一一hHz355 2i=inn d 二i-v r-xg二「rs in 75 - ・ cs puhnEry 13th・ 2000. schugrdied of Bu_?£.= alw.5分he rRmgmrrrd by peoper0-dmnd young wnrhFiT・□schuN/yorkzhe ahvaysaaylposiTe ・ He5.lk> give reL$ a hxppy 亍一 ing • Kids like Heanw 一戈auT.二 h・；hanwf・nHiw a simpT-ife and go through -hFv.xnl% 一 nnlhTg as -huy ■=•pTdE: n 三phz-■二二一sphx=f 二=・・ry・=s-pxr-he nrbys bmugxrpiu-prs ins二j£fu- Mxd by $□.-=•兀 abou_ a happy p 一 ace 言ha.mpr$03.?ZS1Lsxw iiro二gfx-fil-hurcf fouruhihhmr=/ £=•一_hxh『f=:r二-=£=- hizynrk opFy b 匚 p ST7UF三vs?二r -E? -=n*h wilh hixfx=】ib・ -rwa/Krayrw^ry -=<=<•—一二hi-z*hih-w・x -h-tz 二wpx+ned=-2.r (r2.*.n=m・ -rkwgh 二Fm 二 hph=ponA=2・=f » -IrrM 二一Xh三vr Yortr二云 fami-y defw.riF% schlisras X mansrhh _hcrr2 ru・2r一亠ix yr 二■ngni二 Hugh=・r・ Ji 二•岁工一二・・・一一力・如 a figh-prs bin hp a 一 waym hax bad 一 urk」 Whvn s・h二-N Tamed hixCHWr yaM z-±27- hn wasrrred5gi<p =p 一he joh her<ed IyTimlg5-p Peanuts 2rk3ny 「=LK・k=y・ s<・h=Ndinds-u=-gh 二 Jerrn 二壬fir£ii=-二N h7-smh 咗d・a=_B =三h二hn 4-rM-ay paxMS・som= ss.gm M-y-hiyyaxunlucky, bin Ji= Mid her?her Hnjoyl"pesdisg hizwh=.・ -iTwrhing mar pe=pThaLpy,(ihHr 一「•/.Sch=-N-二二X -i=-\ •二y i==_=u 「==••=1/.一 rrs/fu- yrh-・一一 =Hi= be rpsps-马rTd a/--h-t Hcrh-厂MW5.W 2-rt・xm7-L 二 YmTre a good map Charleschu-忆：4• -ry m&5 二=.<¥a 二prs doez -hu P2§=5 ?=ecx-二-hxvp、KK5•=歹三d Sch 匚Nbring rua<r2=•=・ fte-yfu- yrh-r6. whatard Schulz 一each hs-nhi-drenY37 ・ wTn Sr-三Lrrd g g<-・=二h= j=h herw 二、38・ Whw i” chLes srsfra tnwTrn、2018丰台-•模If you" re going to travel the world this summer,you should make up a travel budget （预算）before you hit the road・ This budget will help you know how much you need to save before leaving home so that you don' t need to call mom and dad, begging for help halfway through your trip. Here are three tips to help you plan your money for the trip you have planned for this summer vacation.•Pick a location that fits your budgetThe countries you choose to visit will have the greatest influence on the necessary size of your travel budget. Road tripping across America or backpacking through Europe, while popular, are two of the more expensive choices for a vacation・In contrast, a visit to Asia or South America will be much less expensive than back home・•“ Fun ” activities are expensiveIt seems to be necessary to plan your travel bud get around three major costs•••1. Transportation?. Hotels3. FoodPaying for these necessities is part of travel, but you might be surprised to learn that they could add up to less than half of the money you' 11 spend abroad. If you' re like me, your " dream vacation ” in eludes more than sitting in your hotel bed.When I was living in Chiang Mai, Thailand, I owned a small apartment and ate delicious Asian noodles 3 times per day. With the room at $5 per night and meals for $ h I spent about $8 per day.One of the coolest things to do in Chiang Mai is to go on a zip line adventure. It cost me $60 to get into the trees, which is about what I paid to live for 1 week in Thailand. If you want to go on an excursion （远足）every day, you" 11 easily spend five times a s much on “fun” as you do on necessities. This is true all over the world, so make sure you plan excursions into your travel budget ahead of time.•Plan for the unexpectedYou won? t always be prepared for everything that comes your way while traveling・ You need at least $1,000 to help you deal with the unexpected.First, there s the good kind of unexpected-- - When 1 was traveling through France on my summer vacation three years ago,I had no idea that the annual bull running festival （奔牛节）was happening in Spain.A traveler who had just arrived from Spain told me about the festival and because I had some extra money I was able to change my plans and attend!There，s also the bad kind of unexpected•••When I entered Thailand, I forgot my visa expiration dale （签证截.止H 期）.I ended up overstaying by nearly 1 month! When I crossed the border （边境），I was politely told I needed to pay the Thai government nearly $400!Giving yourself some extra money is very important to your safety and the enjoyment of your trip.34.What should you do if you' re going to travel the world?35.How much did the writer spend getting into the trees in Thailand?36.What does the writer think of going on an excursion?37・ Why could the writer attend the annual bull running festival?38.What，s the passage mainly about?2018石景山一模rheatre began with the ancient Greeks. They used to have shows called "plays'； which tell a story by people acting out what happened in it. They had big theatres which were outside, and you could have up to 17,000 people come and watch it. These outside theatres were round in shape, with stone seats going down to the centre, where they had thetk siage M・ The Romans also built theatres, and there are several you can visit in England, Greece, Italy and Turkey.Greek used to have a person lo explain the stor)r to the people who were watching, and the actors used to wear pictures on their faces, some with happy laces, some sad.There were not any theatres in Europe in the Middle Ages, but groups of actors (or players, as they used to be called) travelled around the country putting on shows and singing songs in the towns and in large private houses. Many large houses from this time have a special area in it where the players would do their shows.In England between 1558 and 1603. the ruler was Queen Elizabeth 1. During this time, theatres would be built outside the city walls because some people thought they were not safe places to be and that people caused troubles there・ They were usually round, and people would stand up to see the show. Rich people had seats to sit on. People used to eat and drink during the show・ They used to shout out to the actors and sometimes throw food at them.In Elizabethan times, a theatre group had 12 men and one writer in it. Women were not allowed to be in the show, so young boys used to wear dresses and play the female roles.Theatre in London today is very popular, even if tickets are very expensive・ Many American stars want to perform in London, and in the last few years Kevin Spacey, Nicole Kidman and Kathleen Turner have all acted in plays in London s theatres・34.Who began theatre?35.Where did actors put on shows in the Middle .Ages in Europe?36.Why were theatres built outside the city walls in Elizabethan times?37.How many people did a theatre group have in Elizabethan times?3& What is the passage mainly about?2018房山一模Surfing, a sport game, is the name for riding water waves on specialboards. Did you know that surfing has been around fbr more than 200 years? At first the sport was harder than it is today.For one thing the early surfboards were heavy They weighed as much as150 pounds. A surfer needed great strength just to getthe board from the beach to the water! Also the early players didn't ride standing up.surfingThey rode just lying on their stomachs. That was the only way to control the large boards.Those players lived in the islands of Polynesia, in the South Pacific .In 1778 the players took the sport to Hawaii. There surfing quickly became popular. The beaches and waves of Hawaii are perfect for surfing.In 1907, a 24-year-old young man, George Freeth, was the first person to ride a wave in the United States. George Freeth was advertised as "The Man Who Can Wilk on Welter/1 Thousands of people came here on the big red cars to watch his special performance• George h ad to move his big 8-foot long, solid wood, 200 pound surf board and wait for a suitable wave, catch it, and to the amazement of all, ride onto Redondo Beach while standing upright. He surfed in Redondo Beach in California.For years the sport of surfing spread slowly. In the 1950s surfing was known as a young people's sport because mostly young people seemed to enjoy it. In 1961 rules for surfers were written. The players themselves, along with some surfboard companies, made up the rules.Today surfers are looked upon as sportsmen. Southern California is still the surfing center of the United States. Thousands of people surf there・ Thousands more are fans of famous surfers・ Surfing is here to stay.Surfers must still be strong・To surf, a person should be able to swim well, both on top of and under the water A surfer must also be able to float （漂浮）for a long time. A good surfer must keep his or her eyes open at all times, even underwater, because he never knows what will happen next moment. Surfing is exciting, and also dangerous・34• Were the early surfboards heavy?35• How did the early surfers control the surfboard?36• Why did the sport of surfing quickly become popular in Hawaii?37• When were the rules made up for surfers?38• How can you become a good surfer?The BystanderBystanders arc people who see bully （欺凌）or know about it. Bullies （恶初）don't bully in private and bystanders are often around them. Bystanders can choose to: （a） join the bully, （b）ignore （忽视）the bullying or （c） stop itBystanders who join the bully are as bad as the bully, because they help the bully. They laugh when the bully docs something mean, so the bully thinks hc/shc is cool or popular. If bystanders 'like* the bully's internet posts, the bully posts more. These people make the problem worse ・Some bystanders do nothing. They arc afraid that if they say something, the bully will hurtthem too・ This makes sense・ But bystanders who do nothing are saying that "bullying is OK\Here arc some reasons why bystanders need to stop helping bullies:•They are not viciiins （受害者）today< but they can become victims in the iiiiure?•Bullying can get worse・ Victims get ill, hurt and sometimes they even die・ Did you knowthat about 60 percent of boys who bully in middle schools break the law later in life?•Other bullies copy. Young people think that bullying is cool and they begin to bully.•No one wins ・ With bullyi ng. every one in the group feels afraid and nervous ・So how can bystanders help? Bystanders can do small things・ For example, they can telltheir friends: "I’m not going to take part in bullying any more・I’m not going to spread rumours（谣言）,ignore people or Mike1 mean posts. So please don't include me in bullying or post mean photos to me.M Bystanders can also stop laughing at the bully, because if they laugh, the bully will think he/shc is popular.What else? Bystanders can:•say something. Tell the bully to stop.•do something・ Get help・ Tell an adult （a parent or a teacher）. Call the police if it looksdangerous・ Help the victim・Finally, bystanders should always stay safe. "rhe best way to be sale is to act as a group・Together, the group can make it clear that （he bullying is not OK. Stand up together!34.Who are bystanders?35- How many reasons arc there why bystanders need to stop helping bullies?36.Why should bystanders stop laughing at the bully?37.What should bystanders do if bullying looks dangerous?3& What is the passage mainly about?2018通州一模What homework did you do in the winter holiday? Now homework is not simply about exercises. Il can be researches, experiments aiul even work experiences. Take a look at 讣iree studenls special homework・Studying snacks（）ne clay. Wang Yang^ from Shanghai Yuying School, was doing his biology homework. His teacher asked them to research the nutrients （营养物质〉of different snacks. He bought 10 kinds of snacks・ Then he checked their ingredient （成分）lists one by one and wrote clown the amount of sugar, fat and so in each. "W G are told it is not good to eat too many snacks. They have high calories （卡路里）.But we always pay no attention to it.° lie said. After analyzing （分析）each snack s ingredients, he realized it was true.Wang Yang spent three days on the homework・ But he said it was interesting・"1 learned a lot. 1 collected the data （数• created forms and wrote the report by myself."Physics in real lifeWith some plasticine （橡皮泥）・steel （钢铁）balls* a ping-pong ball and piece of paper・ could you make a tumbler （不倒翁）? This is the physics homework of Huang Jiamcng. 14. of Shanghai 54 Middle School.Huang first cut the ping-pong ball in half. Then she put the plasticine and steel balls into one of them・ The bottom of the tumbler was made・ Finally, she used the paper to make the **hat M・"Next term, we will learn about the center of gravity （啦心）• This homework made me more curious about it she said.Learning on the jobWhile Wang and 11uang did their homework at home• Ding Zhenzhen・ 15. of No. 5 Middle School* had to go outside. She worked as a guide in the local museum ."Everyone at our school has to take part in volunteering or ot her activities/9 she said.Ding was a guide in the gallery （展馆）of coins・ She got brochures （小册子）from I he museum, but she still did research and added more informalion to lu r Siu* worked ihri v hours a <lay aiul ha<l no tunv to take a l）rc<ik・But she felt it was a meaningful experience. - My communication skills arc improved she said.34.Where is Wang Yang from?35.How many days did Wang Yang spend on his homework?36.What was Huang Jiameng s physics homework?37.What did Ding Zhenzhrn introduce to people?3& What s the three students homework about?。
2018北京六区高三一模英语分类汇编--阅读理解D【海淀一模】DEudaimonia is an Ancient Greek word, particularly stressed by the philosophers Plato and Aristotle, which deserves far more attention than it has because it corrects the shortfalls (缺失）in one of the most central, but troubling words in our modem language: happiness.When we nowadays try to clearly express the purpose of our lives，it is the word “happiness”that we commonly turn to. We tell ourselves and others that the most important principle for our jobs, our relationships and the conduct of our day-to-day lives is the pursuit of happiness. It sounds like an innocent enough idea, but too much reliance on the term means that we frequently unfairly tend to quit or, at least, heavily question a great many challenging but worthwhile situations. The Ancient Greeks did not believe that the purpose of life was to be happy; they proposed that it was to achieve Eudaimonia, a word which has been best translated as “fulfilment”.What distinguishes happiness from fulfilment is pain. It is very possible to be fulfilled and—at the same time—under pressure, suffering physically or mentally, overburdened and, quite frequently, in an irritable (易怒的）mood. This is a slight psychological difference that is hard for the word “happiness” to capture, for it’s tricky to speak of being happy yet unhappy, or happy yet suffering. However, such a combination is readily accommodated within the respected and noble-sounding idea of Eudaimonia.The word encourages us to trust that many of life’s most worthwhile projects will sometimes be in conflict with contentment, and yet will be worth pursuing. Properly exploring our professional talents, managing a household, keeping a relationship going, creating a new business venture or engaging in politics... none of these goals are likely to leave us cheerful and grinning on a daily basis. They will, in fact, involve us in all manner of challenges that will deeply exhaust and weaken us, provoke (激怒）and wound us. And yet we will perhaps, at the end of our lives, stillfeel that the tasks were worth undertaking. Through them, we’ll have achieved something deeper and more interesting than happiness.With the word Eudaimonia in mind, we can stop imagining that we are aiming for a pain-freeexistence—and then blaming ourselves unfairly for being in a bad mood. We’ll know that we are trying to do something far more important than smile all the time: we're striving to do justice to our full human potential.47. What do we know about “Eudaimonia” from the passage?A. It was first created by two Greek philosophers.B . It has received a lot of attention from the public.C. It still has some shortfalls that need to be corrected.D. It was regarded as the purpose of life in ancient Greece.48. According to Paragraph 3, happiness .A. is the opposite of fulfillmentB. is free from physical or mental painC. stresses the psychological differenceD. serves as a respected and noble life goal49. We can leam from the passage that .A. aiming for happiness may lead to wrong self-blamingB. goals that wound and weaken us result in happinessC. challenges leading to contentment are worth undertakingD. feeling fulfilled means we should avoid tough situations50. The passage encourages the readers to .A. find fulfillment with all effortsB. seek for a pain-free existenceC. keep optimistic whatever happensD. balance happiness and suffering47. D 48. B 49. A 50. A【西城一模】DOwnership used to be about as straightforward as writing a cheque. If you bought something, you owned it. If it broke, you fixed it. If you no longer wanted it, you sold it or threw it away. In the digital age, however, ownership has become more slippery. Since the coming of smartphones, consumers have been forced to accept that they do not control the software in their devices; they are only licensed to use it. As a digital chain is wrapped ever more tightly around more devices, such as cars and thermostats, who owns and who controls which objects is becoming a problem. Buyers should be aware that some of their most basic property rights are under threat.The trend is not always harmful. Manufacturers seeking to restrict what owners do with increasingly complex technology have good reasons to protect their copyright, ensure that their machines do not break down, support environmental standards and prevent hacking. Sometimes companies use their control over a product’s software for the owners’ benefit. When Hurricane Irma hit Florida this month, Tesla remotely updated the software controlling the batteries of some models to give owners more range to escape the storm.But the more digital strings are attached to goods, the more the balance of control leans towards producers and away from owners. That can be inconvenient. Picking a car is hard enough, but harder still if you have to dig up the instructions that tell you how use is limited and what data you must give. If the products are intentionally designed not to last long, it can also be expensive. Already, items from smartphones to washing machines have become extremely hard to fix, meaning that they are thrown away instead of being repaired.Privacy is also at risk. Users become terrified when iRobot, a robotic vacuum cleaner, not only cleans the floor but also creates a digital map of the inside of a home that can then be sold to advertisers (though the manufacturer says it has no intention of doing so). Cases like this should remind people how jealously they ought to protect their property rights and control who uses the data that is collected.Ownership is not about to go away, but its meaning is changing. This requires careful inspection. Devices, by and large, are sold on the basis that they enable people to do what they want. To the extent they are controlled by somebody else, that freedom is compromised.47. What benefit does it bring to customers if companies control the ownership of products?A. It provides them with knowledge to prevent hacking.B. It gives them the chance to be protected from danger.C. It enables them to own the copyright of the products.D. It helps them know more about complex technology.48. The underlined words “that freedom” in the last paragraph refer to the freedom to _____.A. control other peopleB. share the ownershipC. inspect devices at any timeD. use devices as one wishes49. The author may agree _____.A. customers should buy fewer digital devicesB. producers should control property rightsC. property rights need to be protectedD. better after sales service is required50. Which of the following shows the development of ideas in the passage?I: Introduction P: Point Sp: Sub-point (次要点) C: Conclusion47. B 48. D 49. C 50. A【朝阳一模】第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，共30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
【海淀一模】BWhen Chris moved in across the hall from NormaCook four years ago in a Los Angeles-area apartmentcomplex, the 31-year-old actor waved to his 85-year-oldneighbor for a few weeks before finally knocking on her door and introducing himself.“the day I enter her apartment and spoke with her face to face was the day my life was changed forever,”Chris says.He learned that Cook had no family living in California and that she suffered from a long list of illnesses, including leukemia (白血病）.The pair quickly became close friends, as Chris took her to doctor’s appointments, cooked with her and they ran errands together. He shared their adventures on social media.But recently, Cook’s health declined and she was in and out of the hospital several times. She once spent weeks in the hospital fighting pneumonia (肺炎）and breathing issues. Eventually Cook was told by one of her doctors that she could no longer live at home unless she had 24-hour care. Because Cook had no money saved to pay her health care costs, Chris started a GoFundMe account to help cover her bills.But caretakers are expensive and Cook quickly went through the $34,445 they raised. Knowing her days at home were limited, Chris invited Cook to move in with him to save money.“She loves it! I do most of my work at home so I am here most of the time to care for her. It only made sense to both of us, ”Chris wrote. “She is my adopted grandmother after all and I am her grandson she never had.”“Cook still has weekly hospice health care visits and regular visits from caregivers, so any funds raised cover those expenses,”he wrote.Though doctors say Cook’s days are very limited, the pair are enjoying spending time together drinking champagne and snuggling with her cat, Hermes, who also made the move.“She does not want to change, ”Chris told Today. “My apartment was the only place she would have moved. She has strong opinions about where she wants to carry out the rest of her days, and she wants to stay here. ”Chris says he feels like the relationship was fate. “Moving her in....it feels as though it was meant to be all along, ”he said. “It’s really fulfilling （有成就感的）to be there for her.”40. Chris invited Cook to live with him because she .A. had no other family membersB. was unable to afford 24-hour careC. shared similar adventures with himD. was told not to live at home by the doctor41. From the passage, we can learn that ChrisA. worked as an actor for GoFundMeB. was legally adopted as Cook5s grandsonC. collected money for Cook’s privat e careD. paid Cook’s expensive health care costs42. Which of the following words can best describe Chris?A. Kind and sympathetic,B. Optimistic and friendly.C. Patient and enthusiastic.D. Warm-hearted and outgoing.40. B 41.C 42. A【西城一模】BMost heroes are not super. They don’t appear in comic books, on television, or in movies. They just do what they believe needs to be done to make their world a better place. Bike Batman is one of them.Bike Batman is a 30-year-old married engineer who lives in Seattle, Washington. He’s a cyclist who also buys and sells bikes as a hobby.About three years ago, he was looking for a bike for his wife. He found one on Craigslist, a website where people list things they want to sell. As he often does, he also looked at Bike Index, a popular website that allows users to register their bikes and post reports when they’re taken. The bike, which he was considering purchasing, clearly matched one reported stolen on Bike Index. Then he called the person who claimed to be the bike’s owner and arranged to meet him—supposedly to complete the sale. When the two men met, Bike Batman told the thief, “You’ve got two options. You can wait until a police officer gets here, or you can just get out of here.” You can imagine what the thief did.After that first success, Bike Batman developed a safer routine. When he sees questionable bike ads on Craigslist, he cross-references the image with bikes reported on Bike Index. Once he has confirmed it with the owner, he arranges a meet-up with the thief and will call the Seattle police department so that officers can participate in the action. In more than half of the 22 cases in which he has got back and returned bikes, the thieves have been arrested. In one case, Bike Batman even helped a family recover a wide range of prized possessions that suspects had stolen during a home burglary.His nickname came from a discussion with a police officer who suggested he be called “Robin Hood”. Since he wasn’t exactly stealing from the rich and giving to the poor, “Batman”seemed a better fit. The idea of a superhero punishing criminals feels pretty silly to him, but the main reason he continues his work is to keep up Seattle’s reputation as a friendly city.39. Bike Batman is _____.A. a superheroB. a website managerC. a Seattle citizenD. a police officer40. When Bike Batman discovers a questionable bike, he will first _____.A. contact the owner of the stolen bikeB. look up the bike’s informationC. call the police departmentD. arrange to meet the thief41. Bike Batman helps find the lost bikes to _____.A. become famousB. help poor peopleC. punish bike thievesD. build a friendly city42. From the passage, we can learn that _____.A. Bike Batman felt relieved to see the thieves arrestedB. Bike Batman began his good deeds by accidentC. the police failed to perform their dutiesD. the thieves refused to return the bikes39. C 40. B 41. D 42. B【朝阳一模】第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，共30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
【西城一模】DCities are taking interest in electric scooter-share systems as an affordable transportationto cut down on pollution and traffic jams. The electric scooters, which weigh between 30 and 40 pounds, reach speeds of about 15 mph.In September 2017，Santa Monica, California, became the first U.S. city tohave an electric scooter-share service. Users find and unlock one of the more than1，000 scooters with a smartphone app. A ride costs $ 1，and then 0.15 cents foreach minute of riding throughout the beach town.Bird, the startup operating the scooter-share, picks up the scooters everynight to them, and places them around Santa Monica each morning ready for people’s use.The company was created by Travis VanderZanden, who once worked in Uber and Lyft, after he realized ridesharing services failed to help with traffic jams and air pollution. Since its September 2017 beginning, Bird’s system has served more than 50,000 riders who have taken 250,000 trips — more than half of which have been in the la st month. It’s since expanded (扩张) to Venice, California, and some neighborhoods in Los Angeles and San Diego. Bird plans to expand to lots of markets by the end of 2018.Competitors，backed by millionaires，are appearing. Two bike-share startups LimeBike and Spin, have spoken of plans to provide electric scooters in cities this year.Electric scooters have also gotten the attention of Mayor Pete Buttigieg from South Bend，Indiana. The city is interested in using them as a way to improve public transportation. SouthBend was one of the first to use bike-share systems, which allow people to park ridesharing bikes on public land. “We love to be early pioneers，” said Buttigieg. “If we work out the safety problem, we would be open to welcoming the technology.”“We need to make sure these new transportation systems are lawful and safe for users，”Constance Farrell，a spokeswoman for the city of Santa Monica told CNN. “We would like to see electric scooters continue to operate in the city. They are in line with our goal ofmulti-modal living and carbon-light living. ” According to Farrell，there have been eight accidents, including one with a serious head injury，in Santa Monica after the scooters rolled out. Users are required to have a driver’s license (驾照），should n’t ride on sidewalks or have other passengers on board.Bird has given out free helmets to some riders and tells its users to ride in bike lanes, but some users ride on sidewalks, and most U.S. streets don’t have bike lanes.“The g lobal community of cities is going to have to work this all out for scooters，”Buttigieg said. “They can move unbelievably quickly. That’s exciting，and a little30. Why did Travis create Bird company?A. Because he received support from millionaires and the government.B. Because many cities had electric scooter-share services.C. Because it is lawful and safe to use electric scooters.D. Because cities need better ridesharing services.31. The words “ are in line with” in Paragragh 6 probably mean “”.A. stopB. meet the need ofC. changeD. are ahead of32. What can we learn from the passage?A. Future electric scooters will be very slow and sale.B. Electric scooters will cause fewer accidents than cars.C. More cities will try to help with electric scooters service.D. Future traffic problems will be solved with help of electric scooters.33. The passage is mainly about ____ .A. the challenges of the electric scooter-share system in AmericaB. the advantages and disadvantages of electric scooters in AmericaC. the introduction of the electric scooter-share service in AmericaD. the future of electric scooters in public transportation in America30. D31. B32. C33. C【东城一模】DArkansas may give up the BMI program or weaken it with the help of the new governor, who said it had “a lot of negative, unexpected results”.The number of overweight children in the United States has more than doubled in the past 20 years. Being seriously overweight can lead to health problems later in life. As a result, Arkansas first started the BMI program in 2004-public schools were required to provide parents with a yearly report of their children’s body-mass index (BMI)，a number to show whether their weight is appropriate (合适的）.Along with students’ BMIs, parents also received information on health risks of being overweight.A study shows that obesity (肥胖）rates in Arkansas have stopped increasing since 2004. But not everyone supports schools in reporting students’ BMIs. Some parents have complained their kids worry that they are being “graded” on their weight, although Dr. Joe Thompson, who helped plan the BMI program, gave the explanation at the start of the program, “Just like aschool check for vision or hearing, this is a way to raise awareness (意识）about a health risk. ’’Critics argue that telling parents their children weigh too much could hurt children’sself-esteem (自尊）.Some also qu estion whether it’s the role of schools to monitor students’ weight. Dr. Nancy Krebs，a nutrition expert, also thinks obesity report cards aren’t good enough. ‘‘They’re making kids feel bad about how they are，’’ she says. “Instead of focusing on kids’ BMIs, schools should provide better health and physical education classes and serve healthier foods. ”However, supporters of the program say overweight children have had self-esteem problems before their parents get obesity report cards. Dr. Karen Young at Arkansas Children’s Hospital says，“The overweight kids are already being teased (被嘲弄）.It doesn’t take the letter for them to feel bad. ’’Health experts from the University of Arkansas think it would be a pity to stop the BMI program. They see the program as a wake-up call for families and the letter is spurring some major action on some parents. Danita Thomas said she knew her son Irie was too heavy. But since getting that first BMI report, Irie has lost nearly 100 pounds and given up junk food. “It was helpful，” she said. “It made me realize that we needed to do something different. ’’The BMI reports and other steps, such as limits on vending machine (自动售货机）use at school, are leading to healthier students. If there was no BMI program, there should be other effective tools to get schools and parents involved with preventing children from becoming overweight adults.30. What might be the purpose of the BMI program in Arkansas?A. To make the schools realize the importance of health education.B. To warn parents of health risks of overweight children.C. To drive parents to learn more knowledge on health.D. To explain why some students gain weight quickly.31. Dr. Nancy Krebs believes that .A. overweight students are usually laughed at by classmatesB. schools should teach students how to lead a healthy lifeC. overweight students usually get low grades at schoolD. schools should do the job to record students5 weight32. The words “spurring some major action on some parents” in Paragraph 6 probably mean “.A. keeping some parents from worriesB. encouraging some parents to make changesC. helping some parents learn from other familiesD. supporting some parents in expressing their opinions33. What does the passage mainly talk about?A. What schools should report to parents.B. How schools can care about overweight students.C. Why schools should help students control their weight.D. Whether schools should report students5 BMIs to parents.【海淀一模】DMotivated (有内驱力的 ) or Overachieving?Everyone has the occasional classmate who hands in his work ahead of time with really beautiful handwriting. Some teachers may cheerfully get the homework by saying "Of course you did it early. I'm sure you've done a good job!" Some teachers may feel annoyed because "The deadline is not until next Friday." Behind this student's back are tons of whispers from his classmates, "Ugh, he is such an over achiever and it's so annoying ..."If you ask the same student to explain his behavior, he probably says that he is simply "motivated". Such students refuse to call themselves overachievers but prefer "motivated" instead. They want to shy away from the unpleasant term"overachiever" but choose to embrace the word "motivated" .Why is the term "overachiever" used as an insult (侮辱 )? Do we not all work hard to achieve our goals? Why does the "motivated" student not proudly call himself an "overachiever" ?In my personal experience, being called an overachiever in front of my classmates is not pleasant at all. The word is often connected with an unkind smile or sometimes a hint ofjealousy (嫉妒 )."Overachiever" carries the implied (暗指的 ) sense which "over" lends it - you have done too much and you have gonetoo far. Anyway, it is beyond the proper degree and just annoying to those students who refuse to put in the effort themselves and get unhappy with you for doing so.A student would rather think of himself as an excellent student and it is motivation that drives him to do his best. What is the implied meaning of "motivated" ? Connected with positive words like willpower, spirit and determination, the "motivated" student would appear to be competing in an event of the brain Olympics.Although there are differences in their implications, the student who calls himself "motivated" could actually be a secret overachiever, going over the top for all his work; while the "overachiever" is nothing more than a motivated student, driven by the simple desire to do well and willing to put in time and effort. In fact, the choice lies within the student: to overachieve or not to overachieve; to find the motivation to do well and be driven by it, or to sit back and blame others for overachieving to hide his inability to achieve.30. According to the passage, overachieversA. are popular with their classmatesB. hand in homework ahead of timeC. are much loved by their teachersD. look down on others for being slow31. The word "embrace" in Paragraph 2 probably means "_ ".A. understandB. explainC. doubtD. accept32. What can we learn from the passage?A. Teachers expect students to benefit from their extra work.B. Students compete with each other to become overachievers.C. Classmates may laugh at overachievers to hide their inability to achieve.D. The writer has some pleasant experiences of being called an overachiever.33. The writer probably agrees thatA. students shouldn't be encouraged to be overachieversB. students without motivation will become overachieversC. motivated students make better progress than overachieversD .motivated students have something in common with overachievers【朝阳一模】DSuccessby FailureI hadfailed again.Itwas theday of thebig marathon. I had decided threeyearsagoto train forthe half-marathoneventand takehomea meal(奖牌).ThereIsat, infront ofmy TV, whileI watched otherscross the finishingline. I wasjustanotherinalongstring(串)offailures. I hadnever met asingle weightloss orfitnessgoal andI wasmajoringin the art offailing.Wearea family ofexploration and often planactivevacations. It seemed thatoneveryvacationIwastheonewhocouldn'tgothedistance.EachtimeIurged(催促)myfamily，“Goon withoutme. Bringmelotsofpictures andvideos. I'll befine justsittingheretakingintheview.”I lied. Sick ofbeingleftbehind.I decided thatitwould neverhappen again. SureIwasinmy 50s, but surelytherewasstill hopeforme. I always spentweekswalkingtopreparefor ouractive vacations. I hadlost weightmany times I justalways seemed tofail toget whereI needed tobe But this timeI would do somethingdifferent. I wasgoingtowalk a half marathon. SurelyI would loseweightandget inshape if I could completeover12milesinfourhours. Besides, this wouldbetraining.Trainingsoundedcoolerthandietandexercise. Iwasrevvedup andreadytogo. I bought the propergear(装备)，checkedoutwhat type of drinkswouldbehanded outat the marathon and prepared a lot. I hada plan!Now twoyearslater,thereIsat, watching thousands ofpeopleofallages succeedwhereIhad failed. I walked out, angry with myself, satdownandhadmyself a pityparty. I wasa master attheartofpityparties,havinga greatdeal ofexperiencein holdingthem. Whatwasmy problem?Wherewas Igoingwrong?Istoppedandconsideredeach failure,onebyone,Imade someveryinterestingdiscoveries.I hadfailed toclimb to the top ofthatMayan Pyramid, butI did climb itandstood on those ancientstones.IhadfailedtomeetasingleweightlossgoalandyetIhadlost43pounds.Icouldn’t walk 12milesinfourhours,butI could walk12 miles.All my failures weresoundinglikea successstory. This timeI was giving thanks. I was thankful thatI had been given the spirit offailurebecausefailuremeant thatI was trying, thatI didn't giveup. I decided thatI would becrossing thefinishingline nextyear.32.Whatcanyou learn fromthe passage?A. The writer didn't lose any weight in the end.B. The writer didn't climb the Mayan Pyramid.C. The writer didn't take part in the big marathon.D. The writer didn't have vacations with his family.33.Whatdoes the underlined sentence “Iwas revved up” probably mean?A. I got excited.B. I felt moved.C. I was pushed.D. I was chosen.34.Whichwordscanbestdescribethewriterin the passage?A. Clever and friendly.B. Interesting and proud.C Humorous and hopeful D. Kind and strong-willed.35.Thewriterprobably agrees that .A. one should never give up half wayB. setting a goal is the key to successC. one can learn by making and correcting mistakesD. trying but failing to reach the goal is still meaningful(D)32.C 33.A 34.C 35. D【石景山一模】DEarly in the morning, Feldman would deliver some bagels and a money basket to a company's snack room; he would return before lunch to pick up the money and the left bagels.He had also designed a beautiful economic experiment. By checking the money collected against the bagels taken, he found it possible to tell just how honest his customers were.He considered that a company was honest if over 90% of the people paid. Between 80 and 90% was what he considered to be normal .It was only if a company paid less than 80% that he would feel he had to do something. First he would leave a note, kind of giving them a warning、and then, if things didn't improve, he wouId simply stop selling there.So what does the bagel data（数据）tell us? Well, first of all, it shows that smaller offices are more honest than big ones. An office with twenty to thirty employees（雇员）generally pays 3 to 5% more than an office with two hundred employees. This seems to be because in a smaller company people are more worried bout. being dishonest——probably because they would feel worse if they were caught.The bagel data also suggests that your mood, how you feel, affects（影响）how honest you are .For example, the weather is a really important factor. When the weather is unusually good, more people pay, but if it's unusually cold or rainy. fewer people pay. Andpeople are also affected by public holidays, but in different ways——it depends on which public holiday. Before Christmas and Thanksgiving, peopie are less honest, but just before the 4th of July and Labour Day they are more honest. This seems to be because holidays like the 4th of July, are just a day off work, and people always look for-ward to them. But Christmas and Thanksgiving are holidays where people often feet quite stressed or unhappy. So their bad mood makes them less honest.The other thing Feldman believes affects how honest people are is the morale in an office, When employees like their boss and like their job, then the office is more honest.But in general the story of Feldman's bagel business is a really positive one. It's true that some people do steal from him, hut most people, even though no one is watching them , are honest.30. From the bagel data, we know thatA. people in big offices are more dishonestB. Feldman didn't like the people in big officesC. Feldman was unsuccessful in his bagel businessD. Fewer people in small offices pay for their bagels31. The underlined word "morale" in Paragraph 6 probably meansA. argumentB. competitionC. spiritD. movement32. According to the bagel data, Feldman had better sell bagelsA. before ChristmasB. before Labour DayC. on Thanksgiving DayD. on a very cold rainy day33. What could be the best title for the passage?A. Start the bagel business.B. Build the bagel company.C. Rich or not? Get the bagel data.D. Honest or not? Take the bagel test.【丰台一模】DThere is an argument about whether or not boys and girls should be able to play sports on the same team. This can be a particularly tricky argument, but in the end, the benefits of coed (男女同校) sports outweigh any negative aspects.“It is a well-known fact that boys are built to be stronger and bigger than girls. However, that does not mean that girls are too fragile (易碎的) to play sports with boys,”says Madeline R. She’s right. Boys are naturally built to be stronger, but girls can still compete with boys. In 2013, over 1,500 girls played boy football, andsome were the best on their team.Both boys and girls can gain skills from playing with and against the opposite gender (性别). A girl playing sports with boys will help the girl improve, making her stronger, tougher, faster, and more powerful as an athlete than she would have been playing with girls. Boys can also gain new skills from girls, becoming more agile and flexible (灵活的).Playing in coed sports might not be for every girl; some might be more comfortable playing sports with the same gender. But for the girls that have the physical ability, sports skills, confidence, and desire to compete with boys should have the choice to play coed. During an interview, Katie Smith, a Women’s National Basketball Association (WNBA) star, talked about how she always played with boys when she was young. She recognized early on that boys provided her with the best competition to improve her skills.There are many social benefits, too. According to Laura E. Berk, a child psychologist, sometime kids aged between 9 and 11 will begin to develop gender stereotypes ( 性别刻板印象). Playing coed sports can help prevent gender stereotypes, and learning to view the opposite gender as a friend and not something frightening is something that can be useful throughout life.It increases a girl’s confidence level, too. Letting girls compete with boys enhances their view of themselves and makes them more flexible. “Sports for girls has many benefits, including better grades, better body image, less depression and a higherchance of graduating from high school,” says Leigh R. She’s right, and the improvement in all of these areas will increase if girls can play with and against boys. These are all reasons why boys and girls should be able to play sports together on the same team. While it might not be for everyone, there are definitely people out there that are looking to improve their game, and coed sports is an excellent way to do that.30. The writer talks about Katie Smith to .A. introduce a popular basketball starB. stress the great differences among girlsC. show benefits of playing in coed sportsD. suggest good ways of choosing activities31. The words “enhances their view of themselves” in Paragraph 6 probably mean “”.A. makes them worry about themselvesB. makes them pleased with themselvesC. helps them take good care of themselvesD. helps them know better about themselves32. What can we learn from the passage?A. Coed sports can make girls stronger than boys.B. Playing coed sports can help develop gender stereotypes.C. Both boys and girls can gain skills from playing in coed sports.D. Playing coed sports would prevent girls from learning at school.33. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?A. Are the Boys Really Stronger than the Girls?B. Can Playing in Coed Sports Do Good to Every Girl?C. Does Playing Coed Sports Increase a Girl’s Confidence Level?D. Should Boys and Girls Be Allowed to Play Sports on the Same Team?30.C 31.D 32. C 33. D。
