Fidelity and the Physician-Patient Relationship

新编临床医学英语第1期:病患的问题与诉求Unit 1 Text A Internal Medicine and Today's Internist第1单元文章A 内科与内科医生Questions/Pleas of the Patient病患的问题与诉求How can I find a good doctor?"我如何找到一位良医？How can I find a good doctor whom I can afford?"如何能够碰到一位价格亲民的医生？How can I find a good doctor who cares about me as a person?〃又如何能够遇见一位把我当成“人”看待的医生？How can I find a good doctor who will take the time to listen and understand?"如何找到一位能够花时间倾听我的诉说，了解我的名医？People who need medical care ask these questions throughout the world every day.每天，全球有许多病患都在询问这些问题。

They ask them because they face a health care system that is scientifically complex, organizationally overloaded, and generally not oriented to the patient as a person.他们之所以问这些问题，是因为他们所面对的医疗保健体系技术深奥、机构臃肿，而且一般都没有意识到病人首先是一个“人”。

When an individual first becomes ill, regardless of the symptoms, he or she needs mostsomeone who seems to say,如果有人生了病，不管症状如何，他们最希望听到的是："I am a good doctor；I charge a reasonable amount for my services；I care about you，thepatient and I will take the time to listen and understand."“我是医生；我只收取亲民价格，我关心病患，我将倾听你的诉求，理解你。

【优质】雅思写作范文：病人态度和医院治疗哪个有效-优秀word范文本文部分内容来自网络整理，本司不为其真实性负责，如有异议或侵权请及时联系，本司将立即删除！== 本文为word格式，下载后可方便编辑和修改！ == 雅思写作范文：病人态度和医院治疗哪个有效下面雅思为大家整理了雅思写作范文：病人态度和医院治疗哪个有效，供考生们参考，以下是详细内容。

You should spend about 40 minutes on this task .Present a written argument or case to an educated non - specialist audience on the following topic .A number of different medical traditions are now widely known and used : Western medicine , herbal medicine , acupuncture , homoeopathy , and so on . How important is the patients mental attitude towards his / her treatment in determining the effectiveness of the treatment ?You should write at least 250 words .You should you your own ideas , knowledge and experience and support your arguments with examples and relevant evidence .提示你可以按照下面的提纲写作：Different medical traditionsPatients mental attitude : the way the patient feels about the treatmentEffectiveness of the treatment : how much better does it make the patient ?在写作之前，请问自己以下的问题:Do I think the patients attitude is important ?。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-全国医学统考考试预测题精选专练VII（附带答案）第1套一.综合题(共25题)1.单选题问题1选项A.The woman arrived ahead of schedule.B.The woman failed to meet her tennis appointment.C.The man did not play the tennis game by the rule.D.The man helped put the woman on the waiting list.【答案】B【解析】7. W: I reserved a tennis court. It’s taken over by someone else.M: Yes, mom. I understand. We have a policy that every party is more than 15 minutes late for a starting time. We scheduled the courts for other waiting guests.【试题解析】推理判断题。

题干为：从这段交谈中可以得出什么？由文中“We have a policy that every party is more than 15 minutes late for a starting time.（我们有规定，每场顶多迟到15分钟）”，推测可知B选项“The woman failed to meet her tennis appointment.（女士错过了网球场预约时间）”符合原文。

A选项“女士提早到了”；C选项“这个男人没有按规则打网球”；D选项“这个男人帮女士把她放在等候名单上”不符合原文。

2.单选题There are ill effects on the health of older people when their activities are restricted;（）, intervention that increases the range of their activities promotes their health.问题1选项A.in additionB.in contrastC.in turnD.in short【答案】B【解析】【选项释义】A. in addition 此外B. in contrast 与此相反C. in turn 依次；轮流；反过来D. in short 总之；简而言之【答案】B【考查点】词组辨析。

Death of a Pig——E.B.White1.I spent several days and nights in mid-September with an ailing pig and I feel driven toaccount for this stretch of time, more particularly since the pig died at last, and I lived, and things might easily have gone the other way round and none left to do the accounting. Even now, so close to the event, I cannot recall the hours sharply and am not ready to say whether death came on the third night or the fourth night. This uncertainty afflicts me with a sense of personal deterioration; if I were in decent health I would know how many nights I had sat up with a pig.2.The scheme of buying a spring pig in blossom time, feeding it through summer and fall, andbutchering it when the solid cold weather arrives, is a familiar scheme to me and follows an antique pattern. It is a tragedy enacted on most farms with perfect fidelity to the originalscript. The murder, being premeditated, is in the first degree but is quick and skillful, and the smoked bacon and ham provide a ceremonial ending whose fitness is seldom questioned.3.Once in a while something slips - one of the actors goes up in his lines and the wholeperformance stumbles and halts. My pig simply failed to show up for a meal. The alarmspread rapidly. The classic outline of the tragedy was lost. I found myself cast suddenly in the role of pig's friend and physician - a farcical character with an enema bag for a prop. I had a presentiment, the very first afternoon, that the play would never regain its balance and that my sympathies were now wholly with the pig. This was slapstick - the sort of dramatictreatment which instantly appealed to my old dachshund, Fred, who joined the vigil, held the bag, and, when all was over, presided at the interment. When we slid the body into the grave, we both wore shaken to the core. The loss we felt was not the loss of ham but the loss of pig.He had evidently become precious to me, not that he represented a distant nourishment in a hungry time, but that he had suffered in a suffering world. But I'm running ahead of my story and shall have to go back.4.My pigpen is at the bottom of an old orchard below the house. The pigs I have raised havelived in a faded building which once was an icehouse. There is a pleasant yard to move about in, shaded by an apple tree which overhangs the low rail fence. A pig couldn't ask foranything better - or none has, at any rate. The sawdust in the icehouse makes a comfortable bottom in which to root, and a warm bed. This sawdust, however, came under suspicion when the pig took sick. One of my neighbors said he thought the pig would have done better on new ground - the same principle that applies in planting potatoes. He said there might besomething unhealthy about that sawdust, that he never thought well of sawdust.5.It was about four o'clock in the afternoon when I first noticed that there was somethingwrong with the pig. He failed to appear at the trough for his supper, and when a pig (or achild) refuses supper a chill wave of fear runs through any household, or icehousehold. Afterexamining my pig, who was stretched out in the sawdust inside the building, I went to the phone and cranked it four times. Mr. Henderson answered. "What's good for a sick pig?" I asked. (There is never any identification needed on a country phone; the person on the other end knows who is talking by the sound of the voice and by the character of the question.)6."I don't know, I never had a sick pig," said Mr. Henderson, "but I can find out quick enough.You hang up and I'll call Irving."7.Mr. Henderson was back on the line again in five minutes. "Irving says roll him over on hisback and give him two ounces of castor oil or sweet oil, and if that doesn't do the trick give him an injection of soapy water. He says he's almost sure the pig's plugged up, and even if he's wrong, it can't do any harm."8. 1 thanked Mr. Henderson. I didn't go right down to the pig, though. I sank into a chair and satstill for a few minutes to think about my troubles, and then I got up and went to the barn,catching up on some odds and ends that needed tending to. Unconsciously I held off, for an hour, the deed by which I would officially recognize the collapse of the performance ofraising a pig; I wanted no interruption in the regularity of feeding, the steadiness of growth, the even succession of days. I wanted no interruption, wanted no oil, no deviation. I justwanted to keep on raising a pig, full meal after full meal, spring into summer into fall. I didn't even know whether there were two ounces of castor oil on the place.9.Shortly after five o'clock I remembered that we had been invited out to dinner that night andrealized that if I were to dose a pig there was no time to lose. The dinner date seemed afamiliar conflict: I move in a desultory society and often a week or two will roll by without my going to anybody's house to dinner or anyone's coming to mine, but when an occasion does arise, and I am summoned, something usually turns up (an hour or two in advance) to make all human intercourse seem vastly inappropriate. I have come to believe that there is in hostesses a special power of divination, and that they deliberately arrange dinners to coincide with pig failure or some other sort of failure. At any rate, it was after five o'clock and I knewI could put off no longer the evil hour.10.When my son and I arrived at the pigyard, armed with a small bottle of castor oil and a lengthof clothesline, the pig had emerged from his house and was standing in the middle of his yard, listlessly. He gave us a slim greeting. I could see that he felt uncomfortable and uncertain. I had brought the clothesline thinking I'd have to tie him (the pig weighed more than a hundred pounds) but we never used it. My son reached down, grabbed both front legs, upset himquickly, and when he opened his mouth to scream I turned the oil into his throat - a pink,corrugated area I had never seen before. I had just time to read the label while the neck of the bottle was in his mouth. It said Puretest. The screams, slightly muffled by oil, were pitched in the hysterically high range of pigsound, as though torture were being carried out, but they didn't last long: it was all over rather suddenly, and, his legs released, the pig righted himself.11.In the upset position the corners of his mouth had been turned down, giving him a frowningexpression. Back on his feet again, he regained the set smile that a pig wears even in sickness.He stood his ground, sucking slightly at the residue of oil; a few drops leaked out of his lips while his wicked eyes, shaded by their coy little lashes, turned on me in disgust and hatred. I scratched him gently with oily fingers and he remained quiet, as though trying to recall the satisfaction of being scratched when in health, and seeming to rehearse in his mind theindignity to which he had just been subjected. I noticed, as I stood there, four or five small dark spots on his back near the tail end, reddish brown in color, each about the size of ahousefly. I could not make out what they were. They did not look troublesome but at thesame time they did not look like mere surface bruises or chafe marks. Rather they seemed blemishes of internal origin. His stiff white bristles almost completedly hid them and I had to part the bristles with my fingers to get a good look.12.Several hours later, a few minutes before midnight, having dined well and at someone else'sexpense, I returned to the pighouse with a flashlight. The patient was asleep. Kneeling, I felt his ears (as you might put your hand on the forehead of a child) and they seemed cool, and then with the light made a careful examination of the yard and the house for sign that the oil had worked. I found none and went to bed.13.We had been having an unseasonable spell of weather- hot, close days, with the fog shuttingin every night, scaling for a few hours in midday, then creeping back again at dark, drifting in first over the trees on the point, then suddenly blowing across the fields, blotting out theworld and taking possession of houses, men, and animals. Everyone kept hoping for a break, but the break failed to come. Next day was another hot one. I visited the pig before breakfast and tried to tempt him with a little milk in his trough. He just stared at it, while I made asucking sound through my teeth to remind him of past pleasures of the feast. With very small, timid pigs, weanlings, this ruse is often quite successful and will encourage them to eat; but with a large, sick pig the ruse is senseless and the sound I made must have made him feel, if anything, more miserable. He not only did not crave food, he felt a positive revulsion to it. I found a place under the apple tree where he had vomited in the night.14.At this point, although a depression had settled over me, I didn't suppose that I was going tolose my pig. From the lustiness of a healthy pig a man derives a feeling of personal lustiness;the stuff that goes into the trough and is received with such enthusiasm is an earnest of some later feast of his own, and when this suddenly comes to an end and the food lies stale anduntouched, souring in the sun, the pig's imbalance becomes the man's, vicariously, and life seems insecure, displaced, transitory.15.As my own spirits declined, along with the pig's, the spirits of my vile old dachshund rose.The frequency of our trips down the footpath through the orchard to the pigyard delighted him, although he suffers greatly from arthritis, moves with difficulty, and would be bedridden if he could find anyone willing to serve him meals on a tray.16.He never missed a chance to visit the pig with me, and he made many professional calls onhis own. You could see him down there at all hours, his white face parting the grass along the fence as he wobbled and stumbled about, his stethoscope dangling - a happy quack, writing his villainous prescriptions and grinning his corrosive grin. When the enema bag appeared, and the bucket of warm suds, his happiness was complete, and he managed to squeeze his enormous body between the two lowest rails of the yard and then assumed full charge of the irrigation. Once, when I lowered the bag to check the flow, he reached in and hurriedly dranka few mouthfuls of the suds to test their potency. I have noticed that Fred will feverishlyconsume any substance that is associated with trouble - the bitter flavor is to his liking. When the bag was above reach, he concentrated on the pig and was everywhere at once, a tower of strength and inconvenience. The pig, curiously enough, stood rather quietly through thiscolonic carnival, and the enema, though ineffective, was not as difficult as I had anticipated.17.I discovered, though, that once having given a pig an enema there is no turning back, nochance of resuming one of life's more stereotyped roles. The pig's lot and mine wereinextricably bound now, as though the rubber tube were the silver cord. From then until the time of his death I held the pig steadily in the bowl of my mind; the task of trying to deliver him from his misery became a strong obsession. His suffering soon became the embodiment of all earthly wretchedness. Along toward the end of the afternoon, defeated in physicking, I phoned the veterinary twenty miles away and placed the case formally in his hands. He was full of questions, and when I casually mentioned the dark spots on the pig's back, his voice changed its tone.18."I don't want to scare you," he said, "but when there are spots, erysipelas has to beconsidered."19.Together we considered erysipelas, with frequent interruptions from the telephone operator,who wasn't sure the connection had been established.20."If a pig has erysipolas can he give it to a person?" I asked.21."Yes, he can," replied the vet.22."Have they answered?" asked the operator.23."Yes, they have," I said. Then I addressed the vet again. "You better come over here andexamine this pig right away."24."I can't come myself," said the vet, "but McDonald can come this evening if that's all right.Mac knows more about pigs than I do anyway. You needn't worry too much about the spots.To indicate erysipelas they would have to be deep hemorrhagic infarcts."25."Deep hemorrhagic what?" I asked.26."Infarcts," said the vet.27."Have they answered?" asked the operator.28."Well," I said, "I don't know what you'd call these spots, except they're about the size of ahousefly. If the pig has erysipelas I guess I have it, too, by this time, because we've been very close lately."29."McDonald will be over," said the vet.30.I hung up. My throat felt dry and I went to the cupboard and got a bottle of whiskey. Deephemorrhagic infarcts - the phrase began fastening its hooks in my head. I had assumed that there could be nothing much wrong with a pig during the months it was being groomed for murder; my confidence in the essential health and endurance of pigs had been strong anddeep, particularly in the health of pigs that belonged to me and that were part of my proud scheme. The awakening had been violent and I minded it all the more because I knew that what could be true of my pig could be true also of the rest of my tidy world. 1 tried to put this distasteful idea from me, but it kept recurring. I took a short drink of the whiskey and then, although I wanted to go down to the yard and look for fresh signs, I was scared to. I wascertain I had erysipelas.31.It was long after dark and the supper dishes had been put away when a car drove in andMcDonald got out. He had a girl with him. I could just make her out in the darkness -sheseemed young and pretty. "This is Miss Wyman," he said. "We've been having a picnicsupper on the shore, that's why I'm late."32.McDonald stood in the driveway and stripped off his jacket, then his shirt. His stocky armsand capable hands showed up in my flashlight's gleam as I helped him find his coverall and get zipped up. The rear seat of his car contained an astonishing amount of paraphernalia,which he soon overhauled, selecting a chain, a syringe, a bottle of oil, a rubber tube, andsome other things I couldn't identify. Miss Wyman said she'd go along with us and see the pig.I led the way down the warm slope of the orchard, my light picking out the path for them,and we all three climbed the fence, entered the pighouse, and squatted by the pig whileMcDonald took a rectal reading. My flashlight picked up the glitter of an engagement ring on the girl's hand.33."No elevation," said McDonald, twisting the thermometer in the light. "You needn't worryabout erysipelas." He ran his hand slowly over the pig's stomach and at one point the pigcried out in pain.34."Poor piggledy-wiggledy!" said Miss Wyman.35.The treatment I had been giving the pig for two days was then repeated, somewhat moreexpertly, by the doctor, Miss Wyman and I handing him things as he needed them - holdingthe chain that he had looped around the pig's upper jaw, holding the syringe, holding thebottle stopper, the end of the tube, all of us working in darkness and in comfort, working with the instinctive teamwork induced by emergency conditions, the pig unprotesting, the house shadowy, protecting, intimate. I went to bed tired but with a feeling of relief that I had turned over part of the responsibility of the case to a licensed doctor. I was beginning to think,though, that the pig was not going to live.36.He died twenty-four hours later, or it might have been forty-eight - there is a blur in time here,and I may have lost or picked up a day in the telling and the pig one in the dying. At intervals during the last day I took cool fresh water down to him and at such times as he found thestrength to get to his feet he would stand with head in the pail and snuffle his snout around.He drank a few sips but no more; yet it seemed to comfort him to dip his nose in water and bobble it about, sucking in and blowing out through his teeth. Much of the time, now, he lay indoors half buried in sawdust. Once, near the last, while I was attending him I saw him try to make a bed for himself but he lacked the strength, and when he set his snout into the dust he was unable to plow even the little furrow he needed to lie down in.37.He came out of the house to die. When I went down, before going to bed, he lay stretched inthe yard a few feet from the door. I knelt, saw that he was dead, and left him there: his face had a mild look, expressive neither of deep peace nor of deep suffering, although I think he had suffered a good deal. I went back up to the house and to bed, and cried internally - deep hemorrhagic intears. I didn't wake till nearly eight the next morning, and when I looked out the open window the grave was already being dug, down beyond the dump under a wildapple. I could hear the spade strike against the small rocks that blocked the way. Never send to know for whom the grave is dug, I said to myself, it's dug for thee. Fred, I well knew, was supervising the work of digging, so I ate breakfast slowly.38.It was a Saturday morning. The thicket in which I found the gravediggers at work was darkand warm, the sky overcast. Here, among alders and young hackmatacks, at the foot of the apple tree, Howard had dug a beautiful hole, five feet long, three feet wide, three feet deep.He was standing in it, removing the last spadefuls of earth while Fred patrolled the brink in simple but impressive circles, disturbing the loose earth of the mound so that it trickled back in. There had been no rain in weeks and the soil, even three feet down, was dry and powdery.As I stood and stared, an enormous earthworm which had been partially exposed by thespade at the bottom dug itself deeper and made a slow withdrawal, seeking even remotermoistures at even lonelier depths. And just as Howard stepped out and rested his spadeagainst the tree and lit a cigarette, a small green apple separated itself from a branch overhead and fell into the hole. Everything about this last scene seemed overwritten - the dismal sky, the shabby woods, the imminence of rain, the worm (legendary bedfellow of the dead), the apple (conventional garnish of a pig).39.But even so, there was a directness and dispatch about animal burial, I thought, that made it amore decent affair than human burial: there was no stopover in the undertaker's foul parlor,no wreath nor spray; and when we hitched a line to the pig's hind legs and dragged himswiftly from his yard, throwing our weight into the harness and leaving a wake of crushed grass and smoothed rubble over the dump, ours was a businesslike procession, with Fred, the dishonorable pallbearer, staggering along in the rear, his perverse bereavement showing in every seam in his face; and the post mortem performed handily and swiftly right at the edge of the grave, so that the inwards which had caused the pig's death preceded him into theground and he lay at last resting squarely on the cause of his own undoing.40.I threw in the first shovelful, and then we worked rapidly and without talk, until the job wascomplete. I picked up the rope, made it fast to Fred's collar (he is a notorious ghoul), and we all three filed back up the path to the house, Fred bringing up the rear and holding back every inch of the way, feigning unusual stiffness. I noticed that although he weighed far less than the pig, he was harder to drag, being possessed of the vital spark.41.The news of the death of my pig traveled fast and far, and I received many expressions ofsympathy from friends and neighbors, for no one took the event lightly and the premature expiration of a pig is, I soon discovered, a departure which the community marks solemnly on its calendar, a sorrow in which it feels fully involved. I have written this account inpenitence and in grief, as a man who failed to raise his pig, and to explain my deviation from the classic course of so many raised pigs. The grave in the woods is unmarked, but Fred can direct the mourner to it unerringly and with immense good will, and I know he and I shall often revisit it, singly and together, in seasons of reflection and despair, on flagless memorial days of our own choosing.猪之死——译：朱世达1.九月中旬，我和一只罹病的猪共度了数日；我感到我必须把这段时日的经历写出来，特别是最终猪死了，而我却还活着；事情本来很可能是倒过来的，要真是那样的话，就不可能有任何的记叙了。

2024博士医学英语作文押题The field of medicine is constantly evolving, and as a result, the role of a doctor is becoming increasingly complex. As we look ahead to 2024, it is important to consider the various challenges and opportunities that doctors will face in the coming years. From advancements in technology to changes in healthcare policy, there are a number of factors that will shape the future of the medical profession.One of the most significant changes that doctors will likely encounter in 2024 is the continued integration of technology into healthcare. From electronic health records to telemedicine, technology has the potential to greatly improve patient care and streamline the delivery of medical services. However, it also presents new challenges, such as the need to protect patient data and ensure the ethical use of emerging technologies like artificial intelligence. As a result, doctors will need to be well-versed in the latest advancements in healthcare technology and be prepared toadapt to new tools and systems.In addition to technological advancements, doctors will also need to navigate changes in healthcare policy and the broader healthcare landscape. This includes staying up to date on changes to insurance regulations, reimbursement models, and quality measures. With the ongoing debate over healthcare reform and the increasing focus on value-based care, doctors will need to be proactive in advocating for their patients and ensuring that they are able to provide high-quality care within the constraints of the current healthcare system.Furthermore, the doctor-patient relationship is also evolving, with patients becoming more informed and engaged in their own care. In 2024, doctors will need to continue to adapt to this shift by fostering open and collaborative relationships with their patients. This includes not only providing medical expertise, but also serving as educators and advocates for their patients' overall health and well-being. As patients take a more active role in their healthcare decisions, doctors will need to be prepared tosupport and empower them in making informed choices about their treatment options.Another important aspect of being a doctor in 2024 is the increasing emphasis on diversity and inclusion in healthcare. As the population becomes more diverse, it is essential for doctors to be culturally competent and able to provide care that is sensitive to the needs of all patients. This includes understanding the impact of social determinants of health and addressing health disparities within different communities. By embracing diversity and inclusion, doctors can help ensure that all patients receive equitable and high-quality care.Moreover, the ongoing global health challenges, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, have highlighted the importance of public health and preparedness. As doctors continue to respond to public health crises, they will need to be well-versed in epidemiology, infectious disease management, and disaster response. This includes not only providing direct patient care, but also working collaboratively with public health agencies and other healthcare professionals toaddress the broader impact of these crises on communities and populations.In conclusion, the role of a doctor in 2024 will be multifaceted and ever-changing. From embracing new technologies to navigating shifts in healthcare policy, doctors will need to be adaptable and proactive in order to provide the best possible care for their patients. By staying informed, fostering collaborative relationships with patients, and embracing diversity and inclusion, doctors can help shape the future of healthcare and continue to make a positive impact on the lives of those they serve.。

2023年6月大学英语六级考试真题(三)Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay explaining why it isunwise to judge a person by their appearance . You can give examples to illustrate your point.You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.PartⅡListening Comprehension (30 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. Atthe end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both theconversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be apause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decidewhich is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a singleline through the centre.1.A) Surfing the net. C) Packing abirthday gift.B) Watching a talk show. D) Shopping at a jewelrystore.2.A) He enjoys finding fault with exams.A) He is sure of his success in the exam.B) He doesn’t know if he can do well in the exam.C) He used to get straight A’s in the exams he took.3.A) The man is generous with his good comments on people.A) The woman is unsure if there will be peace in the world.B) The woman is doubtful about newspaper stories.C) The man is quite optimistic about human nature.4. A) Study for some profession. C) Stay in business.B) Attend a medical school. D) Sell his shop.5. A) More money. C) A college education.B) Fair treatment. D) Shorter workhours.6. A) She was exhausted from her trip. C) She was impressed by Mexicanfood.B) She missed the comforts of home. D) She will not go to Mexico again.7. A) Cheer herself up a bit. C) Seek professional advice.B) Find a more suitable job.D) Take a psychology course.8. A) He dresses more formally now. C) He has ignored hisfriends since graduation.B) What he wears does not match his position. D) He failed to do well atcollege.Questions 9 to 12 are based on the conversation you have just heard.9. A) To go sightseeing. C)To promote a new champagne.B) To have meetings. D)To join in a training program.10.A) It can reduce the number of passenger complaints.B) It can make air travel more entertaining.C) It can cut down the expenses for air travel.D) It can lessen the discomfort caused by air travel.11.A) Took balanced meals with champagne. C) Refrained from fish ormeat.B) Ate vegetables and fruit only. D)Avoided eating rich food.12.A) Many of them found it difficult to exercise on a plane.B) Many of them were concerned with their well-being.C) Not many of them chose to do what she did.D) Not many of them understood the program.Questions 13 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.13. A) At a fair. C) In a computer lab.B) At a cafeteria. D) In a shopping mall.14. A) The latest computer technology. C) The purchasing of some equipment.B) The organizing of an exhibition. D) The dramatic changes in the job market.15. A) Data collection. C) Corporate management.B) Training consultancy D) Information processing.Section BDirections:In this section , you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B),C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. Passage OneQuestions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16. A) Improve themselves. C) Follow the cultural tradition.B) Get rid of empty dreams. D) Attempt something impossible.17. A) By finding sufficient support for implementation.B) By taking into account their own ability to change.C) By constantly keeping in mind their ultimate goals.D) By making detailed plans and carrying them out.18. A) To show people how to get their lives back to normal.B) To show how difficult it is for people to lose weight.C) To remind people to check the calories on food bags.D) To illustrate how easily people abandon their goals.Passage TwoQuestions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.19. A) Mi chael’s parents got divorced.C) Karen’s mother died in a car accident.B) Karen was adopted by Ray Anderson. D) A truck driver lost his life in a collision.20. A) He ran a red light and collided with a truck. C) He was killed instantly in a burning car.B) He sacrificed his life to save a baby girl. D) He got married to Karen’s mother.21. A) The reported hero turned to be his father. C) Such misfortune should have fallen on him.B) He did not understand his father till too late. D) It reminded him of his miserable childhood.Passage ThreeQuestions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.22. A) Germany. B) Japan. C) The US. D) The UK.23. A) By doing odd jobs at weekends. C)By putting in more hours each week.B) By working long hours every day. D)By taking shorter vacations each year.24. A) To combat competition and raise productivity. C) To help them maintain their living standard.B) To provide them with more job opportunities. D) To prevent them from holding a second job.25. A) Change their jobs. C) Reduce their working hours.B) Earn more money. D) Strengthen the government’s role.Section CDirections:In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read forthe second time, you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard. Finally, when the passage is read forthe third time, you should check what you have written.Nursing, as a typically female profession, must deal constantly with the false impression that nurses are there to wait on the physician. As nurses, we are 26 to provide nursing care only. We do not have any legal or moral 27 any physician. We provide health teaching, assess physical as well as emotional problems, 28 patient-related services, and make all of our nursing decisions based upon what is best or suitable for the patient. If, in any circumstance, we feel that a physician’s order is inappropriate or unsafe, we have a legal 29 to question that order or refuse to carry it out.Nursing is not a nine-to-five job with every weekend off. All nurses are aware of that before they enter the profession. The emotional and 30 stress, however, that occurs due to odd working hours is a 31 reason for a lot of the career dissatisfaction. It is sometimes required that we work overtime, and that we change shifts four or five times a month. That disturbs our personal lives, 32 our sleeping and eating habits, and isolates us from everything except job-related friends and activities.The quality of nursing care is 33 dramatically by these situations. Most hospitals are now staffed by new graduates, as experienced nurses finally give up trying to change the system. Consumers of 34 related services have evidently not been affected enough yet to demand changes 35 . But if trends continue as predicted, they will find that most critical hospital care will be provided by new, inexperienced, and sometimes inadequately trained nurses.PartⅢReading Comprehension (40 minutes) Section ADirections:In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified bya letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage.Millions of Americans are entering their 60s and are more concerned than ever about retirement. They know they need to save, but how much? And what exactly are they saving for—to spend more time 36 the grandkids, go traveling, or start another career? It turns out that husbands and wives may have 37 different ideas about the subject.The deepest divide is in the way spouses envisage their lifestyle in their later years. Fidelity Investments Inc. found 41 percent of the 500 couples it surveyed 38 on whether both or at least one spouse will work in retirement. Wives are generally right regarding their husbands’ retirement age, but men 39 the age their wives will be when they stop working. And husbands are slightly more 40 about their standard of living than wives are.Busy juggling (穷于应付)careers and families, most couples don’t take the time to sit down, 41 or together, and think about what they would like to do 5, 10 or 20 years from now. They2.What If Middle-Class Jobs Disappear?[A] The most recent recession in the United States began in December 2007 and ended in June 2009,according to the National Bureau of Economic Research. However, two years after the official end of the recession, few Americans would say that economic troubles are behind us. The unemployment rate, in particular, remains above 9%. Some labor market indicators, such as the proportion of long-term unemployed, are worse now than for any postwar recession.[B] There are two widely circulated narratives to explain what’s going on. The Keynesian narrativeis that there has been a major drop in aggregate demand. According to this narrative, the slump can be largely cured by using monetary and fiscal (财政地）stimulus. The main anti-Keynesian narrative is that businesses are suffering from uncertainty and over-regulation. According to this narrative, the slump can be cured by having the government commit to and follow a more hands-off approach.[C] I want to suggest a third interpretation. Without ruling out a role for aggregate demand orfor the regulatory environment, I wish to suggest that structural change is an important factor in the current rate of high unemployment. The economy is in a state of transition, in which the middle-class jobs that emerged after World WarⅡhave begun to decline. As Erik Brynjolfsson and Andrew McAfee put it in a recent e-book Race Against the Machine: "The root of our problems is not that we’re in a great recession, or a great stagnation (停滞）,but rather that we are in the early throes(阵痛）of a great restructuring. ’’[D] In fact, I believe the Great Depression of the 1930s can also be interpreted in part as an economictransition. The impact of the internal combustion engine(内燃机）and the small electric motor on farming and manufacturing reduced the value of uneducated laborers. Instead, by the 1950s,a middle class of largely clerical (从事文秘考必工作地）workers was the most significant partof the labor force. Between 1930 and 1950, the United States economy underwent a great transition.Demand fell for human effort such as lifting, squeezing, and hammering. Demand increased for workers who could read and follow directions. The evolutionary process eventually changed us from a nation of laborers to a nation of clerks.[E] The proportion of employment classified as "clerical workers" grew from 5.2% in 1910 to a peakof 19.3% in 1980. (However, by 2000 this proportion had edged down to 17. 4%.) Overall, workers classified as clerical workers, technical workers, managers and officials exceeded 50% of the labor force by 2000. Corresponding declines took place in the manual occupations. Workers classified as laborers, other than farm hands or miners, peaked at 11. 4% of the labor force in 1920 but were barely 6% by 1950 and less than 4% by 2000. Farmers and farm laborers fell from 33% of the labor force in 1910 to less than 15% by 1950 and only 1.2% in 2000.[F] The introduction of the tractor and improvements in the factory rapidly reduced the demand foruneducated workers. By the 1930s, a marginal farm hand could not produce enough to justify his employment. Sharecropping, never much better than a subsistence occupation, was no longer viable （可行地）。

2022年考研考博-考博英语-全国医学统考考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析AB卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题If there is a good drug available, it is everyone’s responsibility to make sure patients can（）it.问题1选项A.affordB.demandC.tolerateD.supply【答案】A【解析】【选项释义】A. afford 承受；买得起B. demand 要求；需求C. tolerate 忍受D. supply 提供；供给【答案】A【考查点】动词辨析。

【解题思路】如果有一种好的药可用，确保病人……药品是每个人的责任。

根据句意，应该是能够负担得起，买的起。

因此选A. afford“承受；买得起”。

【干扰项排除】B、C、D选项均不符合句意。

【句意】如果有一种好的药物可用，每个人都有责任确保患者能够负担得起。

2.单选题7.问题1选项A.He is a big-wave surfer.B.He is a trouble maker.C.He is a nice guy.D.He is very weird.【答案】B【解析】W: Joe is always trying to make waves.M: Right. He is really a jerk.Q: What do the speakers think of Joe?【解析】细节题。

男士说：He is really a jerk(他是一个不折不扣的混蛋)。

3.单选题问题1选项A.The woman arrived ahead of schedule.B.The woman failed to meet her tennis appointment.C.The man did not play the tennis game by the rule.D.The man helped put the woman on the waiting list.【答案】B【解析】7. W: I reserved a tennis court. It’s taken over by someone else.M: Yes, mom. I understand. We have a policy that every party is more than 15 minutes late for a starting time. We scheduled the courts for other waiting guests.Q: What can we learn from the conversation?【试题答案】B【试题解析】推理判断题。