2015年高考英语(广东通用)一轮复习实战训练：第1讲冠词和名词 Word版含答案

名师指津广东高考英语一轮总复习篇一：2015年广东高考英语试题和答案详解2015年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（广东卷）英语I、语言知识及应用（共两节，满分45分）第一节完形填空（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）How long can human beings live? Most scientists who study old age think that the human body is ___1___ to live no longer than 120 years. However, 110 years is probably the longest that anyone could hope to live —— if he or she is ___2___ healthy and lucky. Some scientists even say we can live as long as 130 years! Yet, our cells simply cannot continue to reproduce___3___. They wear out, and as a result, we get old and ___4___ die.Even though we can’t live forever, we are living a___5___ life than ever before. In 1900, the average American life span (寿命) was only 47 years, but today it is 75 years!When does old age begin then? Sixty-five may be out-of-date as the ___6___ line between middle age and old age. After all, many older people don’t begin toexperience physical and mental ___7___ until after age 75.People are living longer because more people ___8___ childhood. Before modern medicine changed the laws of nature, many children died of mon childhood ___9___. Now that the chances of dying ___10___ are much lower, the chances of living long are much higher due to better diets and health care.On the whole, our population is getting older. The___11___ in our population will have lasting effects on our social development and our way of life. Some people fear such changes will be for the worse, while some see ___12___, not disaster, many men and women in their “golden years” are healthy, still active, and young in ___13___ if not in age.As the society grows old, we need the ___14___ of our older citizens. With long lives ahead of them, they need to ___15___ active and devoted.1. A. designed B. selected C. improved D. discovered2. A. pletely B. generally C. apparently D. extremely3. A. rapidly B. harmlessly C. endlessly D. separately4. A. eventually B. hopelessly C. automatically D. desperately5. A. busier B. longer C. richer D. happier6. A. finishing B. guiding C. waiting D. dividing7. A. stress B. damage C. decline D. failure8. A. survive B. enjoy C. remember D. value9. A. problems B. fears C. worries D. diseases10. A. poor B. young C. sick D. quiet11. A. changes B. recovery C. safetyD. increases12. A. dreams B. chances C. strengths D. choices13. A. mind B. appearance C. voice D. movement14. A. protection B. suggestions C. contributions D. permission15. A. sound B. appear C. turn D. stay第二节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）Mr. Johnson lived in the woods with his wife and children. He owned ___16___ farm, which looked almost abandoned. ___17___ (lucky), he also had a cow which produced milk every day. He sold or exchanged some of the milk in the towns nearly ___18___ other food and made cheese and butter for the family with what___19___ (leave). The cow was their only means of support, in fact. One day, the cow was eating grass___20___ it began to rain heavily. While making great efforts to run away, she ___21___ (fall) over the hill and died. Then the Johnson tried to make a living___22___ the cow. In order to support his family, Mr. Johnson began to plant herbs and vegetables. Since the plants took a while to grow, he started cutting downtrees ___23___ (sell) the wood. Thinking about his children’s clothes, he started growing co tton too. When harvest came around, he was already selling herbs, vegetables and cotton in the market ___24___ people from the town met regularly. Now it occurred to___25___ that his farm had much potential and that the death of the cow was a bit of luck.II、阅读（共两节，25题，满分50分）第一节、阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）APeter loved to shop used articles. Almost a month ago, he bought popular word game that used little pieces of wood with different letters on them. As he was purchasing it, the salesgirl said, “Uh, look, t he game box haven’t even been opened yet. That might be worth some money. ”Peter examined the box, and, sure enough, it waspletely covered in factory-sealed plastic. And he saw a date of 1973 on the back of the box.“You should put that up for auction (拍卖) on the Internet, and see what happens.” the salesgirl said.“Yes, you’re right. People like something rare.” Peter agreed, “I can’t imagine there being very many unopened boxes of this game still around 40 years later.”“Don’t forget to tell me if you sell it.” the salesgirl smiled.“No problem.” Peter said.After he got home, Peter went online to several auction websites looking for his game. But hecouldn’t find it. Then he typed in the name of the word game and hit Search. The search result was 543 websites containing information about the changes of the game. Over the years, the game had been produced using letters in different sizes and game boards in different colors. He also found some lists of game fans looking for various versions of the game. Peter emailed some of them, telling them what he had.Two weeks later, Peter went back to the shop.“Hello. Do you still remember the unopened word game?”The salesgirl looked at him for a second, then recognized him and said, “Oh, hi!”“I’ve got something for you,” Peter said. “I sold the game and made $1,000. Thank you for your suggestion.” He handed her three $ 100 bills.“Wow!” the salesgirl cried out. “Thank you, I never expected it.”26. Which of the following best describes Peter’s word game?A. It was made around 40 years ago.B. It had game boards in different sizes.C. It was kept in a plastic bag with a seal.D. It had little pieces of wood in different colors.27. What did the salesgirl probably think of Peter’s word game?A. Old and handy.B. Rare and valuable.C. Classic and attractive.D. Colorful and interesting28. Peter got the names of the game fans from_________.A. an auctionB. the InternetC. a game shopD. the second-hand shop29. What happened at the end of the story?A. Peter gave the girl $300 as a reward.B. The salesgirl became Peter’s friend.C. Peter returned the word game for $ 1,000.D. The salesgirl felt confused to see Peter again.30. What is the main theme of the story?A. It’s important to keep a promise.B. It’s great to share in other people’s happiness.C. We should be grateful for the help from others.D. Something rare is worth a large amount of money.BWhen I was nine years old, I loved to go fishing with my dad. But the only thing that wasn’t very fun about it was that he could catch many fish while I couldn’t catch anything. I usually got pretty upset and kept asking him why. He always answered, “Son, if you want to catch a fish, you have to think like a fish”, I remember being even more upset then because, “I’mno t a fish!” I didn’t know how to think like a fish. Besides, I reasoned, how could what I think influence what a fish does?As I got a little older I began to understand what my dad really meant. So, I read some books on fish. And I even joined the local fishing club and started attending the monthly meetings. I learned that a fish is a cold-blooded animal and therefore is very sensitive to water temperature. That is why fishprefer shallow water to deep water because the former is warmer. Besides, water is usually warmer in direct sunlight than in the shade. Yet, fish don’t have any eyelids(眼皮) and the sun huts their eyes… The more I understood fish, the more I became effective atfinding and catching them..When I grew up and entered the business world, Ir emember hearing my first boss say, “We all need to think like sales people.” But it didn’t pletely make sense. My dad never once said, “If you want to catch afish you need to think like a fisherman.” What he said was, “You need to think like a fish.” Year s later, with great efforts to promote long-term services to people much older and richer than me, I gradually learned what we all need is to think more like customers. It is not an easy job. I will show you how in the following chapters.31. Why was the author upset in fishing trips when he was nine?A. He could not catch a fish.B. His father was not patient with him.C. His father did not teach him fishing.D. He could not influence a fish as his father did.32. What did the author’s father really mean?A. To read about fish.B. To learn fishing by oneself.C. To understand what fish think.D. To study fishing in many ways.33. According to the author, fish are most likely to be found _________.A. in deep water on sunny daysB. in deep water on cloudy daysC. in shallow water under sunlightD. in shallow water under waterside trees.34. After entering the business world, the author found _________.A. it easy to think like a customerB. his father’s fishing advice inspiringC. his first boss’s sales ideas reasonableD. it difficult to sell services to poor people35. This passage most likely es from _________.A. a fishing guideB. a popular sales bookC. a novel on childhoodD. a millionaire’s biographyCDaniel Anderson, a famous psychologist, believes it’s important to distinguish television’s influences on children from those of the family. We tend to blame TV, he says, for problems it doesn’t really cause, overlooking our own roles in shaping children’s minds.One traditional belief about television is that it reduces a child’s ability to think and to understand the world. While watching TV, children do not merely absorb words and images (影像). Instead, they learn both explicit and hidden meanings from what they see. Actually, children learn early the psychology of characters in TV shows. Furthermore, as many teachers agree, children understand far more when parents watch TV with them, explaining new words and ideas. Yet, most parents use an educational program as a chance to park their kids in front of the set and do somethingin another room.Another argument against television is that it replaces reading as a form of entertainment. But according to Anderson, the amount of time spent watching television is not related to reading ability. TV doesn’t tak e the place of reading for most children; it takes the place of similar sorts of recreation, such as listening to the radio and playing sports. Things like parents’ educational background have a stronger influence on a child’s reading. “A child’s reading a bility is best predicted by how much a parent reads.” Anderson says.Traditional wisdom also has it that heavy television-watching lowers IQ (智商) scores and affects school performance. But here, too, Anderson notes that no studies have proved it. In fact, research suggeststhat it’s the other way around. “If you’re smart young, you’ll watch less TV when you’re older,” Anderson says. Yet, people of lower IQ tend to be lifelong television viewers.For years researchers have attempted to show that television is dangerous to children. However, by showing that television promotes none of the dangerous effects as conventionally believed, Anderson suggests that television cannot be condemned without considering other influences.36. By watching TV, children learn _________.A. images through wordsB. more than explicit meaningsC. more about images than wordsD. little about people’s psychology37. An educational program is best watched by a child _________.A. on his ownB. with other kidsC. with his parentsD. with his teachers38. Which of the following is most related to children’s reading ability?A. Radio-listeningB. Television-watchingC. Parents’ reading listD. Parents’ educational background39. Anderson believed that _________.A. the more a child watches TV, the smarter he isB. the younger a child is, the more he watches TVC. the smarter a child is, the less likely he gets addicted to TVD. the less a child watches TV, the better he performs at school40. What is the main purpose of the passage?A. To advise on the educational use of TV.B. To describe TV’s harmful effects on children.C. To explain traditional views on TV influences.D. To present Anderson’s unconventional ideas.DIt was once mon to regard Britain as a society with class distinction. Each class had unique characteristics.In recent years, many writers have begun to speak the 'decline of class' and 'classless society' in Britain. And in modern day consumer society everyone is considered to be middle class.But pronouncing the death of class is too early. A recent wide-ranging society of public opinion found 90 percent of people still placing themselves inparticular class; 73 percent agreed that class wasstill a vital part of British society; and 52 percent thought there were still sharp class differences. Thus, class may not be culturally and politically obvious, yet it remains an important part of British society. Britain seems to have a love of stratification.One unchanging aspect of a British person's class position is accent. The words a person speaks tell her or his class. A study of British accents during 1970s found that a voice sounding like a BBC newsreader was viewed as the most attractive voice, Most people said this accent sounded 'educated' and 'soft'. The accents placed at the bottom in this study, on the other hand, were regional（地区的）city accents. These accents were seen as 'mon' and 'ugly'. However, a similarstudy of British accents in the US turned theseresults upside down and placed some regional accentsas the most attractive and BBC English as the least. This suggests that British attitudes towards accent have deep roots and are based on class prejudice.In recent years, however, young upper middle-class people in London, have begun to adopt some regional accents, in order to hide their class origins. This is an indication of class being unnoticed. However, the 1995 pop song 'Common People' puts forward the view that though a middle-class person may 'want to live like mon people' they can never appreciate the reality of a working-class life.41. A recent study of public opinion shows that in modern Britain ________.A. it is time to end class distinctionB. most people belong to middle classC. it is easy to recognize a person’s classD. people regard themselves socially different42. The word stratification in Paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to ________.A. varietyB. authorityC. divisionD. qualification43. The study in the US showed that BBC English was regarded as _________.A. regionalB. educatedC. prejudicedD. unattractive44. British attitudes towards accent _________.A. have a long traditionB. are based on regional statusC. are shared by the AmericansD. have changed in recent years45. What is the main idea of the passage?A. The middle class is expandingB. A person’s accent reflects his classC. Class is a key part of British societyD. Each class has unique characteristics.信息匹配（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）请阅读下列应用文及相关信息，并按照要求匹配信息。

冠夺市安全阳光实验学校语法专题一名词和冠词Ⅰ.根据提示或语境完成句子1.(2015·课标全国Ⅰ改编)I’d skipped nearby Guilin,a dream placefor tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River which are pictured by artists in so many Chinese (painting).2.(2015·课标全国Ⅱ改编)The adobe dwellings(土坯房) built by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by evenmost modern of architects and engineers.In addition to their simple beauty,what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their(able) to “air condition” a house without using electric equipment.3.(2015·江苏改编)—Go and say sorry to your Mom,Dave.—I’d like to,but I’m afraid she won’t be happy with my (apologise).4.(2015·湖北改编)He gave himself a new name to hide his (identify)when he went to carry out the secret task.5.(2015·陕西改编) more learned a man is, more modest he usually becomes.6.(2015·浙江改编)Jane’s grandmother had wanted to writechildren’s book for many years,but one thing or another always go t in way.7.(2014·课标全国Ⅰ改编)While there are amazing stories of instant transformation,for most of us the (change) are gradual and require a lot of effort and work,like cleaning up a polluted river.8.(2014·辽宁改编)If you don’t mind,I’ll stop and t ake a deep (breathe).9.(2014·江西改编)They chose Tom to be captain of the team because they knew he was smart leader.10.(2014·浙江改编)The paper is due next month,and I am working seven days week,often long into night.11.(2013·江西改编)Whenever I made mistakes,the teacher pointed them out with (patient).12.(2013·课标全国Ⅱ改编)Four and half hours of discussion took us up to midnight,and break forcheese,chocolate and tea with sugar.13.(2013·浙江改编)People develop preference for a particular style of learning at early age and these preferences affect learning.14.(2013·江西改编)Animals are obviously lower form of life than man.15.Sarah looked at finished painting with satisfaction. Ⅱ.根据内容和所给提示完成下面短文Villages in developing countries often lack manythings:books,clean water,electricity.These shortages are easy to see.But 1. different kind of shortage is not easy to see.That is 2. shortage of experts.Many villages have no doctors,engineers or scientists.They have no one who knows how to treat unusual medical 3.(problem) or design a new expert system.There is a way to ease 4. problems.They can do it with 5. .In 6. past few years,computer scientists around the world have developed what they call “expert systems”.An expert system is a special kind of computer program.In some situations,it can take 7. place of 8. human expert.For example,an expert in medical system can help to take care of a sick person.After asking a few 9. of the patient,it can tell what medicine or other 10.(treat) is needed.〚95480006〛语法专题一名词和冠词Ⅰ.1.paintings 根据前面的修饰语“so many”可知,此处应用名词的复数形式,表示“画,绘画作品”。

名词和冠词【考情分析】(1)名词在高考中的考查重点：1．名词词义辨析2．名词的数3．名词作定语4. 名词所有格5. 抽象名词具体化6. 名词与冠词的结合【知识归纳】名词考点一名词辨析1.注意一词多义的名词.2.注意形似意异名词3. 注意近义和同义名词的用法。

考点二名词的数1．可数与不可数名词名词的可数与不可数是一个十分复杂而又非常重要的问题。

许多名词通常是不可数的，但在一定的情况下又可以变为可数名词。

(1)物质名词一般不可数，如：milk，gold，coffee，beer，但有些可用作可数名词，表示特殊意义，如：an icecream(一份冰淇淋)，a light rain(一阵小雨)。

(2) 抽象名词具体化具有某种特性、状态、特点、情感、情绪的人或事，具体指特定的某一件事时，这一抽象名词可用作可数名词。

difficulty 困难；a difficulty 一件难事experience 经验；an experience 一次经历failure 失败；a failure 一位失败者，一件失败的事knowledge 知识；a good knowledge 丰富的知识success 成功；a success 一位成功者，一件成功的事surprise 惊奇；a surprise 一件令人吃惊的事honour 荣誉；an honour 一位(件)带来荣誉的人或事如：Failure is the mother of success.失败是成功之母。

His new book was a great success.他的新书获得巨大成功。

(3) 有些不可数名词后面加s时表示特殊意义time 时间times 次数；时代；倍数glass玻璃glasses 眼镜wood 木头woods 树林sand 沙子sands 沙滩paper 纸papers 试卷；论文；报纸wish 愿望wishes 问候如：She wears a pair of glasses. 她戴着一副眼镜。

课时作业(十一) [必修3 Unit 1 Festivals around theworld](限时：30分钟)Ⅰ.完形填空When I was about twelve years old, my mother told us that we would not be __1__ Christmas gifts for lack of money.I felt sad and thought，“What would I say when the other kids asked what I had __2__？”Then，three women __3__ at our house with gifts for all of us.For me they bought a doll.I would no longer have to be __4__ when I returned to school.Years later, when I stood in the kitchen of my new house, thinking how I wanted to make my __5__ Christmas special and memorable there, I __6__ remembered the women's visit.I decided that I wanted to create the same feeling of __7__ for as many children as I could possibly __8__．So I __9__ with a plan and gathered forty people from my company to help.We gathered about 125 orphans (孤儿) at the Christmas party.For every child, we wrapped colourful packages filled with toys, clothes, and school supplies, each with a child's name.We wanted all of them to know they were __10__．Before I called out their names and handed them their gifts, I __11__ them that they couldn't open their presents until every child had come forward.Finally the __12__ they had been waiting for came as I called out，“One, two, three.Open you r presents！”As the children opened their packages, their faces beamed and their bright smiles __13__ up the room.The __14__ in the room was obvious, and it wasn't just about toys.It was a feeling—the feeling I knew from that Christmas so long ago when the women came to visit.I wasn't forgotten.Somebody still remembered me.I know I__15__．1．A.sending B．receivingC．preferring D．organizing2．A.persuaded B．preparedC．got D．expected3．A.cared about B．settled downC．showed up D．gave in4．A.puzzled B．embarrassedC．worried D．stubborn5．A.present B．firstC．recent D．late6．A.hardly B．suddenlyC．regularly D．finally7．A.schedule B．attitudeC．importance D．safety8．A.know B．reachC．remember D．transport9．A.made up B．caught upC．came up D．gave up10．A.reliable B．specialC．helpful D．fond11．A.reminded B．waitedC．organized D．promised12．A.chance B．giftC．moment D．fare13．A.lit B．tookC．burned D．cheered14．A.altitude B．insuranceC．calmness D．joy15．A.matter B．wonderC．determine D．dreamⅡ.阅读理解AOne summer my friend and I decided to go to Italy for a holiday and we decided to travel there without going through a travel agency. You know, you would be submerged(淹没)in crowds of tourists and lose lots of opportunities to get familiar with the country more closely. We started to think over our trip and managed to come up with a free tour of Italy.The trip was not very long but it was still very impressive. We look forward to going there again! Of course, we spent lots of time arranging the trip, but it was well worth it! Of course I was afraid that something would go wrong and I was especially anxious about my visa, but everything went quite smoothly in the end.The most difficult part was getting a visa without an invitation. In the Italian consulate(领事馆), one must hand in some official paper proving that one has a hotel booked for oneself in order to get the visa. Then we had to solve the ticket problem. Airlines often sell cheap tickets and we bought ours far in advance. The next step was to book a hotel. We finally booked a hotel about 30km away from the heart of Rome and it was the perfect choice for our trip.Every day we took a train that carried us to the heart of Rome. Our big house, which was surrounded by the forest, was a rare place for the fresh air and absolute silence, beautiful views, hospitable(好客的) hosts and comfortable living conditions delighted us to no end. Besides this, we were very lucky that our mistress was a Russian. She gave us a lot of advice that was of great use. She told us what transport to choose and the best places to go.Don't be afraid to arrange your trip by yourself. It's not difficult! The only thing I'll say right now is that we really enjoyed travelling by ourselves. We walked with a map and a guidebook to wherever we wanted and we even met some of our fellow countrymen on the way just two or three times. So, if you're also planning a single trip, don't forget to take a Russian Italian phrasebook as people in Italy prefer to speak in their native tongue.16．Why does the author want to go to Italy again?A．He had a great time there.B．Italy has a lot of attractions.C．His friend invited him there.D．He didn't stay in Italy long enough.17．What does the author think was the hardest in preparing for his Italian trip? A．Buying cheap airline tickets to Italy before the travelling.B．Getting a visa without an invitation from the Italian consulate.C．Booking a comfortable hotel on his own in Rome.D．Solving the ticket problem far in advance.18．In the fourth paragraph the author mainly explains________.A．the reason why he chose to live in the centre of RomeB．the reason why the hotel he booked was the right choiceC．what transport they chose to travel in their Italian tripD．the reason why the mistress gave them some advice19．Which of the following questions has NOT been answered in the text? A．Why did the author decide to go to Italy for a holiday for the first time? B．Why did the author decide not to follow a travel agency?C．How did the author prepare for his trip?D．What tools did the author use for his travelling?20．From the text, we can know the author________.A．enjoys travelling everywhere in the worldB．likes being accompanied by tour guidesC．advises us to arrange trips by ourselvesD．met with a lot of his countrymen in ItalyBCarbon monoxide(一氧化碳) poisoning kills and injures many people and animals around the world. The gas has been a problem since people first began burning fuels to cook food or to create heat. It is a problem in all parts of the world that experience cold weather.Carbon monoxide is called the silent killer because people do not know it is in the air. The gas has no colour. It has no taste. It has no smell. It does not cause burning eyes. And it does not cause people to cough. But it is very deadly. It robs the body of its ability to use oxygen.Carbon monoxide decreases the ability of the blood to carry oxygen to body tissues. It does this by linking with the blood. When the gas links with the blood, the blood is no longer able to carry oxygen to the tissues that need it.Damage to the body can begin very quickly from large amounts of carbon monoxide. How quickly this happens depends on the length of time a person is breathing the gas and the amount of the gas he or she breathes in.Carbon monoxide poisoning has warning signs. But people have to be awake to recognize them. Small amounts of the gas will cause a person's head to hurt. He or she may begin to feel tired. The person may feel sick. The room may appear to be turning around. The person may have trouble thinking clearly. People develop severe head pain as the amount of gas continues to enter their blood. They will begin to feel very tired and sleepy. They may have terrible stomach pains.Medical experts say carbon monoxide affects people differently. For example, a smallchild will experience health problems or die much quicker than an adult will. The general health of the person or his or her age can also be important. An older adult with health problems may suffer the effects of carbon monoxide more quickly than a younger person with no health problems. People with heart disease may suffer chest pains. They may begin to have trouble breathing.21．Why is carbon monoxide called the silent killer?A．Because it tastes and smells good.B．Because it is not easily noticed.C．Because it kills and injures people.D．Because it always harms people.22．How does carbon monoxide harm people?A．It makes people's blood unable to move.B．It decreases the amount of blood in the body.C．It makes body tissues full of blood.D．It makes the blood less able to carry oxygen.23．When people breathe in small amounts of the gas, they may ________. A．feel a little dizzyB．suffer a severe headacheC．go around in the roomD．have a terrible stomach ache24．Which of the following about carbon monoxide poisoning is TRUE?A．Adults are affected more seriously than children.B．Young people are more severely affected than old people.C．People in poor health may have more severe consequences.D．People with heart problems only suffer from chest pains.25．The purpose of the passage is to ________.A．warn people not to burn fuels to keep warm in the winterB．list the damages that carbon monoxide brings to peopleC．give advice on how to avoid carbon monoxide poisoningD．introduce some knowledge about carbon monoxide poisoning课时作业(十一)Ⅰ.1.B 由上下文可知，还是小孩子的“我”，在圣诞节来临时应该是收到礼物。

►第01讲名词〔讲义〕【复习目标】1.娴熟把握名词单数变复数的根本规那么；2.把握常考不行数名词的用法；3.依据句意或主谓全都原那么确定名词的数；4.把握名词的格；5.娴熟把握名词构词法：通过名词与形容词、名词与冠词之间的修饰关系以及在句中所作成分，依据名词的构词法，确定名词的恰当形式。

【考情分析】近年高考真题名词考点细目表分数，级别，程dish→dishes;58.given名词题型命题规律【网络构建】名词的单、复数变化形式规那么变化名词的单、复数变化特殊形式1〕可数名词复数形式的不规那么变化易错点：与man 和woman构成的合成词，其复数形式也是men 和women。

如：an Englishman，two Englishmen. 但German不是合成词，故复数形式为Germans；Bowman是姓，其复数是the Bow mans。

2）复合名词变复数复合名词变复数时，通常只将其中的主体名词变成复数。

如：bedroombedrooms卧房; lookeronlookerson旁观者; passerbypassersby过路人;editorinchiefeditorsinchief总编；daughterinlawdaughtersinlaw儿媳妇；假如没有主体名词，那么将最终一局部变成复数。

如：gobetweengobetweens中间人；lookoutlookouts守望者；grownupgrownups成年人易错点：man/woman+名词变复数时，作定语的man/woman和后面的名词都要变成复数形式。

a man doctortwo men doctors3)集体名词，以单数形式消失，但表示复数意义如：people; police ;cattle 等本身就是复数，不能说a people，a police，a cattle，但可以说a person，a policeman，a head of cattle,the English，the British，the French，the Chinese，the Japanese，the Swiss 等名词，表示国民总称时，作复数用。