人教版英语八年级上册Unit3(语法规律总结)：形容词的比较级

语法精讲：形容词的比较级和最高级英语中大多数形容词是可以分级的，一般有三个等级：原级，比较级和最高级。

原级形容词的本来形式就是形容词的原级。

用原级进行比较时可以使用下面两种结构：1. 表示比较的双方相等，用”as…as”结构，表示“前者像后者一样”，即A + be + as + 形容词原级+ as + B.e.g. John is as tall as his brother.2. 表示比较的双方不相等，用”not as…as”结构，表示“前者不如后者”，即A + be + not as + 形容词原级+ as + B.e.g. John is not as tall as his brother.比较级当把一个人或物同另外一个人或物比较时，就需要用到形容词比较级。

其结构是：A + be + 形容词比较级+ than + B.e.g. Jackei is taller than Alex, but Alex is heavier than Jackei最高级三者或者三者以上的人或物进行比较时，需要使用形容词的最高级。

其结构是：A + be + the 形容词最高级+ of / in + 比较范围.(Note: 形容词最高级前面要加定冠词the)e.g. Jackei is the tallest in our class. orJackei is the tallest of all the students.比较级的几种用法：1，表示倍数，A+be+数词+times+形容词比较级+than+BOur room is twice larger than theirs.我们的房间是他们的两倍大注：两倍为twice而不是two times.2，表示大多少，多多少，高多少等A+be+数量词+比较级+than+BShe is two years older than me她比我大两岁3，用比较级表示最高级A+be+比较级+than+any other+单数名词，或者，A+be+比较级+than+the other+复数名词He is taller than any other student in the class.他比班上其他的同学都高。

*This problem is a little more difficult than the other one.
Team 7
形容词最高级的用法及句型
1.A+ be + the +最高级+名词+in/of… Shanghai is the biggest city in China .
2.A+ be +one of the+最高级+名词 复数 Mo Yan is one of the greatest writers.
3. A+ be + too+原级+ to do sth.
He is too young to join the army. 4. 形容词原级+ enough to do sth. He is old enough to protect himself.
• 5. A + be + 倍数 + as … as + B Our school is three times as big as theirs
students in his class. • 8 Li Lei is taller than the rest of the
students in his class.
掌握几种同义句转换 1. He is taller than I. = I am not as/so tall as he . 2. I study harder than Li Ming. = Li Ming doesn’t study as hard as I .
• 3.A+be + the + 序数词+最高级+名词。 表示“第几最”

B.a little more outgoing D.a lot of more outgoing
3) 形容词比较级后面往往用连词than连接另一个比较的人 或事物, 但在上下文明确的情况下, 形容词比较级可 单独使用。 如：My sister is tall, but my aunt is taller. 我姐姐个子高，但我姑姑个子更高。
1)than后面接代词时, 一般要用主格形式， 但在口语中也 可使用宾格形式。 如：My brother is taller than I/me.
(2)当需要表示一方超过另一方的程度时，在形容词比较级前还 可用much, even, still, a little,a lot,far,来修饰比较级, 表示“……的多”,“甚至……”, “更加……”,“……一些”
大多数形容词和副词有三个等级： 原级、比较级、最高级
更...... 两者之间
最....... 三者及三者以上
构成的规则变化:
1) 单音节词和少数双音节词一般在词尾后加-er 构成比较级
或-est构成最高级,如：
原级
比较级
最高级
cold –—— colder –—— coldest tall——— taller———tallest young——— younger——— youngest
写出下列单词的比较级。
high higher
late
later
tall taller
hungry hungrier thirsty thirstier funny funnier
big
bigger
hot
hotter wet wetter
little less
good/well better

The green car is the most expensive.
Jim
Tom
Jim is athletic.
Tom is more athletic than Jim.
Stallone is the most athletic of three.
一、规则变化：
1、一般直接在词尾加er; est tall—taller--tallest
3、the + 序数词 + 最高级 + 名词 + in/of The Yellow River is the second longest river in China
4、Which/Who is the + 最高级,A ,B or C ? Which is the biggest , the moon, the earth or the sun ?
注： Tom is the tallest boy in his class.
=Tom is taller than any other boy in his class.
=Tom is taller than the other boys in his class.
形容词原级的用法
1、very、so、quite、too等词后用原级 2、too … to ; so … that ;as … as 中间用原级 A + be + not as/so + 原级+ as B A不及B…
4、… is the +比较级 + of the two.
Tom is the taller of the two boys. 汤姆是这两个男孩中 最高
5、…数量 + 比较级 than …

serious smarter quieter
later nicer wilder beautiful interesting
gboeottder many more
Exercises:
1. He is h_ea_v_ie_r_ than Tom. 2. Tom is t_h_in_n_e_r than Lucy.
late-- later
重读闭音节词末尾只有一 个辅音字母时, 先双写这个 辅音字母, 再加-er。
big – bigger thin – thinner fat-- fatter
以“辅音字母+ y”结尾的，
先改y为i, 再加-er。
easy – easier happy – happier
funny-- funnier
6.Jim比Peter更文静
Jim is calmer(quieter) than Peter
7.赵本山比小沈阳更好玩
Zhao Benshan is funnier than Xiao Shenyang
8.Lisa比Linda更聪明的多
Lisa is much smarter than Lind
9.我比他更严肃一点
She is a little more outgoing thanller
than her.
她比我爽朗的多。
She is much more outgoing than me.
1Wu Lin ran B faster than the other boys in the sports meeting.
Exercises:
6. Lucy is _____ than Lily. A. quiet B. more quiet C. quieter

四、超级：两者进行比较,强调比较 •的1.程mu度ch。/a lot+adj./adv.比较级 (+than...)“......得
多”
• eg: A is much quieter (than B).
• A walked into the room a lot more quietly （than before）.
• eg: 1. Money, the more , the better.
• 2.The stronger our country is, the happier our life will be.
Gao Yuanyuan is as _b_e_a_u_t_if_u_l (漂亮) as Sun Li. Sun Li works as _h_a_r_d_ (努力) as Gao Yuanyuan.
much/a lot/a bit/a little/even+adj./adv.比较级
五、不断升级：某人或事物越来越...... adj./adv.比较级+and+adj./adv.比较级 六、因你而升：条件从句的主语越......,主句的主语......
the+adj./adv.比较级 ,the +adj./adv.比较级
good/well-better
6 (不规则的) bad/badly-worse
many/much-more little-less far-farther/further
一、低级：两者进行比较,表示“前 者不如后者”
• 1. A +谓语v.+less+adj./adv.原级+than B • eg: A is less hard-working than B. • A speaks less loudly than B. • 2. not+as/so +adj./adv.原级+as • eg: A is not as clever as B. • A doesn't sing as well as B.

Unit 3 I'm more outgoing than my sister.一、词汇与短语●重点单词A部分1.outgoing adj.爱交际的；友好的；外向的2.both adj. &pron.两个；两个都3.better adj.&adv.较好的(地)；更好的(地)4.loudly adv.喧闹地；大声地；响亮地5.quietly adv.轻声地；轻柔地；安静地6.hard-working adj.工作努力的；辛勤的petition n.比赛；竞赛；竞争8.fantastic adj.极好的；了不起的9.which pron. &adj.哪一个；哪一些10.clearly adv.清楚地；清晰地；明白地11.win v.获胜；赢；赢得12.though adv.不过；可是；然而conj.虽然；尽管；不过B部分1.talented adj.有才能的；有才干的2.truly adv.真正；确实3.care v.在意；担忧；关心ugh v.笑；发笑n.笑声5.serious adj.严肃的；稳重的6.kid n.小孩；年轻人7.necessary adj.必需的；必要的8.grade n.成绩等级；评分等级9.saying n.谚语；格言；警句10.reach 伸手；到达;抵达11.touch v. 感动；触摸12.fact n.现实；事实13.break v.（使）破；裂；碎;损坏14.share v. 分享；共享；共用；分摊15.loud adj. 响亮的；大声的16.primary adj.最初的；最早的rmation n.信息；消息● 重点短语A部分1.more outgoing 更外向2.as…as…与…一样…（中间原级）3.the singing competition 唱歌比赛4.so well非常好5.which one 哪一个6.learn something new 学习新东西7.have fun过得愉快8.work hard 努力工作（学习）B部分1.be good at (doing) sth.擅长（做）某事2.care about 关心；在意3.be different from与…不同；与…有差异4.be like a mirror 像一面镜子5.make friends 交朋友6.as long as只要；既然7.bring out使显现；使表现出8.touch one's heart 感动某人9.in fact确切地说；事实上；实际上10.be similar to 类似于；与…相似11.be good with 善于与…相处● 重点句子A部分1.That's Tara, isn't it? 那是塔拉，不是吗？2.Both Sam and Tom can play the drums, but Sam plays them better than Tom.萨姆和汤姆都会敲鼓，但是萨姆比汤姆敲得要好一些。

人教版初二英语八年级上册Unit3知识点Unit3 I’m more out going than my sister.【重点语法】1. 形容词和副词的比较等级（1）形容词和副词的原形就是原级（2）比较级，表示较……或更……（3）最高级，表示最...。

2. 比较级句型:（1）A + be动词+形容词的比较级+than +B “A比B更……”（注意：A与B必须是同级的，即必须是人与人，物与物进行对比）（2）“A+实意动词+副词比较级+ than + B”表示“A比B…”（3）比较A ，B两人/两事物问其中哪一个较…...时用句型：“Who/which +谓语动词+ adj./adv.比较级，A or B ?”Who is thinner, Jenny or Mary?3. 比较级的特殊用法（1）“比较级+and+比较级”，意为“越来越”。

多音节比较级用“more and more+原级”（2）“the+比较级(…), the+比较级(…)”意思是：”越…越…”The more, the better.（3）主+ is + the 形容词比较级+of the two+名复“主语是两者中较......的”4. 两者在某一方面相同：A+谓语动词/be动词+as+ adj./adv.原级+ as+ B. Helen is as tall asAmy.Peter studies as hard as Tom.表示两者在某一方面不及另一方时，用“not as/so+形容词或副词原级+as”I am not as tall as my sister.5. 形容词，副词比较级前的修饰语。

当需要表示一方超过另一方的程度时，可以用much, a lot, alittle, a bit, 等来修饰形容词比较级。

注意: 比较级不能用very, so, too, quite等修饰。

【重点短语】1. more outgoing 更外向/更开朗2. as...as...与…… 一样3. the singing competition 歌咏比赛4. the most important 最重要的5. be talented in music 在音乐方面有天赋6. the same as 与……相同7. care about 关心/留意/关注8. be different from 与…...不同9. be like a mirror 像一面镜子10. as long as 只要；与…...一样长11. bring out 显示/显出12. get better grades 取得更好的成绩13. reach for 伸手达到/达到14. touch one’s heart 感动15. in fact 事实上16. make friends 交朋友17. be good at 在某方面成绩好18. the other 另一个19. be similar to 与…相似20. be good with 与…和睦相处21. have fun=Have a good time 玩得开心have fun doing sth 做某事很开心22. do the same thingsas me. 做和我一样的事情23. It’s+adj+（forsb.）to do sth. “做某事（对某人来说）是...的”24 make friends with sb. 与某人交朋友25. as long as 只要；既然，引导条件状语从句【词语辨析】1. be good at=do well in ，其后可接名词、代词或动名词，表示擅长......2. care about 关心care for 关爱take care (当/小心)take care of (照顾)=lookafter3. make sb. do sth.：让(使)某人做某事（make后跟不带to的不定式）His father always make me get upbefore five o'clock.make sb. +形容词：使某人保持某种状态My friends always make me happy.4. be like“就像…”I am like your sister.look like “外貌上的像” I look like my sister.5. That’s why+句子：那就是…的原因/那就是为什么…That's why I study English hard. 那就是我努力学习英语的原因。

形容词的比较级全接触（一）形容词比较级的定义英语中，表示两者（人或事物）相比较时，要用形容词的比较级。

（二）形容词比较级的构成1.一般在原级形容词词尾直接加--erTall-taller cold-colder2.以字母e结尾的形容词，在词尾加-rNice-nicer large-larger3.重读闭音节词词尾只有一个辅音字母时，应先双写这个辅音字母，再加-er。

Big-bigger thin-thinner fat-fatter4.以“辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词，先变y为i，再加-er.Easy-easier happy-happier early-earlier5.多音节形容词前直接加more.Athletic- more athletic popular-more popular beautiful-more beautiful6.不规则变化Good/well- better bad/ill-worse many/much-moreOld-older/elder far-farther/further little-less（三）形容词比较级的用法1.最基本句型“主语+be(is, am, are) +形容词比较级+than+比较对象”，than后接人称代词时可以是主格或者是宾格。

Than前后比较对象必须是同一范畴，即同类事物时间的比较。

She is a little more outgoing than me/I. 她性格比我外向点。

2.比较级前可以用much, a little, a lot, even, rather, still, any, a bit, far等词修饰，起强调作用。

不可用very, so, quite, too（只能修饰原级）等修饰。

It’s cold today, but it is going to be even colder tomorrow.今天很冷，但是明天会更冷。

Unit 3 I’m more outgoing than my sister核心语法一、形容词的等级：原级、比较级、最高级二、变化规则1、单音节词和少数双音节词，比较级加er，最高级加est（1）一般直接加er或est，如small-smaller-smallest（2）e结尾加r或st，如large-larger-largest（3）重读闭音节且词尾只有一个辅音字母，双写加er或est，如big-bigger-biggest（4）辅音＋y结尾，把y变i加er或est，如easy-easier-easiest2、多音节词和其他双音节词，比较级在前面加more，最高级在前面加most，如beautiful-more beautiful-most beautiful3、不规则变化，good/well-better-best、bad/badly-worse-worst、many/much-more-most、little-less-leastfar-farther-farthest（距离上的远近）；far-further-furthest（程度上的深浅）三、用法1、原级的用法（1）肯定句：as+原级+as“A和B一样…”，如Tom runs as fast as Jack.“Tom和Jack跑得一样快。

”（2）否定句：not as/so+原级+as，如Tom doesn’t run as/so fast as Jack.“Tom没有Jack跑得快。

”2、比较级的用法（1）比较级+than“A比B更…”，如Tom runs faster than Jack.“Tom比Jack跑得快。

”①前后比较的对象要属于同一范围My books are newer than their books. →My books are newer than .②前后比较的对象不能相互包含[误] Shanghai is larger than any city in China.（Shanghai包含在any city in China中）[正] Shanghai is larger than any other city in China.= Shanghai is the largest city in China.[正] Shanghai is larger than the other cities in China.（2）比较级and比较级“越来越…”，如colder and colder、more and more beautiful（3）the+比较级，the+比较级“越…就越…”，如The earlier you start, the sooner you’ll be back.“你越早出发就越早回来。

Unit3I’m more outgoing than my sister.3.3Grammar形容词和副词的比较级一、定义比较级用于两者(人或事物)的比较，表示其中一个比另一个＂更……＂或＂较……＂，后面用连词than 连接另一个所比较的人或事物。

二、用法1.表示两个人或事物作比较时，形容词要用比较级形式，形容词比较级之后常用than引出比较的对象。

This pen is longer than that one.这支钢笔比那支长。

New York is bigger than Cambridge.纽约比剑桥大。

2.表示两者之间的选择，意为＂哪一个更……＂。

Who is taller,Lily or Lucy?莉莉和露西相比，谁更高？三、形容词比较级的变化1.形容词或副词的比较级的规则变化：【记忆口诀】2.不规则变化【记忆口诀】三、形容词比较级前的修饰词比较级前可以用much、a little、a lot、even、rather、still、any、a bit、far等词修饰，起强调作用，不可用very、so、quite、too(只能修饰原级)等修饰。

Believe me,you really look much better than before.相信我，你看起来真的比以前好多了。

He is a lot taller than me.他比我高很多。

They went there a little later than others.他们比其他人稍微去晚一点儿。

It’s even bigger than an island.它甚至比一座岛屿都大。

He is far stronger than his brother.他比他哥哥强壮得多。

四、形容词、副词比较级的用法1.最基本句型＂主语+be(is/am/are)+形容词比较级+than+比较对象＂。

than后接人称代词时可以是主格或宾格。

than前后的比较对象必须是同一范畴,即同类事物之间的比较。

fat -__fa_t_t_e_r _
beautiful-_m_o_r_e_b__e_a_u_ti_fu_l
good - ____b_e_t_te_r
bad/ill - _w_o_r_s_e___
little - ___l_e_s_s__
many/much -__m__o_r_e__ far -_f_a_r_t_h_e_r_
5. The bread is __C__ than these cakes A. very delicious B. much delicious C. more delicious D. as delicious
6. In our city it’s D in July ,but it is even
Jerry
big
small
A
B
Ball A is _b_i_g_g_er_ _t_h_a_n_ Ball B. Ball B is s_m__a_ll_e_r_ _th_a_n__ Ball A.
U.S.A
Australia
USA is bigger than Australia.
• . than 后面接代词时，一般要用主 格 ，但在口语中也可以换成宾格 。
• delicious more delicious
• interestin more interesting g
more beautiful • beautiful
二、形容词比较级的不规则变化
原级 good well bad ill many much little
far
old
比较级
better
3) 重读闭音节、末尾只有一个辅音
字母时双写加 –er fat – fatter big – bigger thin – thinner

bigger
heavier
cheaper
课堂检测：
6.fast 7.high 8.clever 9.fine te
faster
higher
cleverer
finer
later
1.important ___________ 2.easy________________ 3.happy_______________ 4.thin_________________ 5.good________________ 6.hot_________________ 7.many ______________ 8.nice________________ 9.delicious____________ 10.careful______________
Adjectives and Adverbs 形容词、副词的比较级 知识点详解
形容词（Adjective 简称adj.）： 主要用来描写或修饰名词或代词，表示人或事物的性质、 状态、特征或属性 eg： 一.表示名词的性质、颜色、大小和状态等的形容词。 如：new、big、tall 二、数量形容词 1）不定数量形容词：如：some many 2）数词。如：four apples
双音节，多音节和+ly的副词比较级和最高级用more/ the most
delicious popular wonderful slowly happily carefully
more delicious more popular more wonderful more slowly more happily more carefully
lively
friendly
注意:3. 并非以-ly结尾的词都是副词

规则比较级的构成（一）：1+er; 2双写字母 +er ； 3 变y--i+er
Let’s compare！
sing quietly / loudly
比较级的构成（二）：部分双音节词以结 尾的副词，三个以上音节词前+more
Snow White sings more quietly than
seven dwarfs.
课堂练习
难点巩固
11 big
大显身手，谁走对了蘑菇屋！
+er
1 fast 2 careful
12 beautiful
4 lazy
3 funny
8 high 5 hard-working 7 serious 6outgoing 9 important 10 early
+more
小结
Gold can't be pure and man can't be perfect.
Seven dwarfs sings more loudly than
Snow White .
Seven dwarfs are short.
Let’s compare！
beautiful / outgoing Snow White is more beautiful than the dwarfs . Seven dwarfs are more outgoing than Snow White .
金无足赤，人无完人。
Let’s compare！
Snow White is taller than seven dwarfs . Seven dwarfs are shorter than Snow White.

The red box is big.
The green box is small.
The red box is bigger than the green box. The green box is smaller that the red box.
The girl's hair is long. The boy's hair is short. The girl's hair is longer than the boy's hair.
than Peter. 5. I' m _f_u_n_n_i_er_(funny) than Tara. 6. Tara is __m__o_r_e_s_e_r_io_u_(s serious) than Tina.
Additional work
Better later than never.
亡羊补牢， 犹未晚也
5.多音节和部分双音节形容词在其前面加more。
loudly— more loudly
beautiful— more beautiful interesting—— more interesting
quietly----- more quietly
不规则变化：
bad / badly/ill – worse many / much – more good / well – better old—older/elder far – farther / further little – less
3.以重读闭音节结尾并且末尾只有一个辅音字 母，应先双写这个辅音字母再加-er.
big— bigger thin— thinner fat—fatter

Unit 3 形容词及副词的比较级和最高级【概念引入】1.比较级---I’m quiter and more serious than most kids.---I always get better grades than he does,so maybe I should help him more.---In fact, she’s funnier than anyone I know.---My best friend is similar to Larry because she’s less hard-working than me.2.形容词及副词比较级及最高级的定义大多数的形容词和副词都有三个级别：原级、比较级、最高级。

其中比较级表示“更……”，用于两者之间的比较，用来说明“前者比后者更……”，比较级前面一般用much, even, a little ，far修饰，其中even, much 只能修饰比较级。

当三个或三个以上的人或事物进行比较时，需要用到形容词（副词）的最高级。

表达“……是最……的”,用“the+形容词（副词）的最高级”的结构。

后面可以加上表示范围的介词短语或从句。

例如：He is much taller than I. 他比我要高得多。

I jump a little higher than he. 我跳得比他高一点点。

London is the biggest city in Britain. 伦敦是英国最大的城市。

She sings the best in Class Two. 二班她唱歌最好。

【用法讲解】1. 形容词和副词比较级、最高级的变化规则（1）规则变化的形容词及副词的比较级和最高级一般在词尾直接加er或est。

例如：tall-taller-tallest，long-longer-longest以不发音的字母e结尾的单词在词尾直接加r或st。

例如：nice-nicer-nicest fine—finer-finest wide—wider—widest以辅音字母+y结尾的词，把y变为i，再加er或est。

形容词和副词的比较级和最高级(Comparative and Superlative Forms of Adjectives and Adverbs)大多数形容词和副词有三个等级：1.原级，即原形。

2.比较级，表示“较…”或“更…”3.最高级，表示“最…”2）不规则变化2.形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的用法比较级表示两者（人或事物）的比较。

在“比较级+than”的句型中，当than 前后所使用的动词相同时，通常用助动词代替后面的动词。

该助动词或者动词可以省略。

I'm more outgoing than my sister.You know more about yourself than I (do).He works much harder than me.最高级表示三者或三者以上（人或事物）的比较，其中有一个在某一方面超过其他几个，后面可用of(in) 短语等来说明比较的范围。

形容词最高级的前面一般要加定冠词the,最高级前的the 可以省去。

My cousin Li Jing is the funniest person I know.Screen City is the best theater in town.Who sings (the) most beautifully of the注意：在形容词和副词的比较级前，可以用much,a little 等修饰，如：much better, a little taller。

3. 表示两者在某一方面相同时，用“as＋形容词或副词原形+as”的句型。

如：I think science is as important as math.Tom runs as fast as Jack,表示一方在某一方面不及另一方时，用“not as/so ＋形容词或副词原形+ as”的句型。

如：It is not as/ so warm today as yesterday.He did not come as/ so early as Wang Lin.I．写出下列形容词或副词的比较级1 hard2. fast3. late4. cute5.big6. hot7.early8.easy9.slowly10.clearlyII. 用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空funny, thin, hard-working, far, red, better11. Tina is heavier than Tara, so Tara is_______than Tina.12. This apple is much______than that one.13. Both of the two books are interesting, but I like this one_____.14. Jim jumps as_______as Tom.15.-Is Betty a good student?-Yes, she is not only smart but also16.-Who is_______ your mother or your father?-My father is. He always makes us laugh.。