外交学院翻译试题

外交学院英语试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. The United Nations was established in ________.A. 1945B. 1946C. 1947D. 1948答案：A2. Which country is not a permanent member of the UN Security Council?A. ChinaB. FranceC. GermanyD. Russia答案：C3. The term "soft power" was coined by the American political scientist ________.A. Joseph NyeB. Samuel HuntingtonC. Francis FukuyamaD. Robert Keohane答案：A4. The European Union was established in ________.A. 1957B. 1993D. 2007答案：B5. The headquarters of the World Trade Organization is located in ________.A. New YorkB. GenevaC. WashingtonD.C.D. Brussels答案：B6. The Non-Aligned Movement was founded in ________.A. 1955B. 1961C. 1979D. 1991答案：B7. The G7 is a group of ________.A. seven developing countriesB. seven developed countriesC. seven developing economiesD. seven emerging markets答案：B8. The Kyoto Protocol was adopted in ________.A. 1992B. 1997C. 2005D. 20129. The World Health Organization is a specialized agency of ________.A. the United NationsB. the World BankC. the International Monetary FundD. the World Trade Organization答案：A10. The term "BRICS" refers to a group of ________.A. five emerging economiesB. five developed countriesC. five developing countriesD. five industrialized nations答案：A二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）1. The ________ is the largest international organization in the world.答案：United Nations2. The ________ is responsible for maintaining international peace and security.答案：UN Security Council3. The ________ is the main economic and monetary union in Europe.答案：European Union4. The ________ is an international organization that aims topromote sustainable development in its member countries.答案：United Nations Development Programme5. The ________ is an international organization that focuses on global public health issues.答案：World Health Organization6. The ________ is an international organization that sets global standards for trade between nations.答案：World Trade Organization7. The ________ is a regional intergovernmental organization and a political and economic union of 28 European countries. 答案：European Union8. The ________ is an international organization that provides financial and technical assistance to developing countries.答案：International Monetary Fund9. The ________ is an international organization that promotes the reduction of global greenhouse gas emissions.答案：United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change10. The ________ is an international organization that focuses on the conservation of nature and the promotion of sustainable use of natural resources.答案：United Nations Environment Programme三、简答题（每题10分，共20分）1. Explain the role of the United Nations in internationalrelations.答案：The United Nations plays a crucial role ininternational relations by providing a forum for dialogue among nations, maintaining international peace and security, promoting sustainable development, protecting human rights, providing humanitarian aid in crises, and coordinating international responses to global challenges such as climate change and pandemics.2. Describe the significance of the World Trade Organization in the global economy.答案：The World Trade Organization is significant in the global economy as it sets the rules for international trade and provides a platform for member countries to negotiate trade agreements. It also resolves trade disputes between countries and monitors trade policies to ensure that they are in line with WTO agreements, thus promoting free and fair trade globally.四、论述题（每题20分，共40分）1. Discuss the challenges faced by the United Nations in maintaining global peace and security.答案：The United Nations faces numerous challenges in maintaining global peace and security, including the complexity of modern conflicts, the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction, the rise of non-state actors, the increasing number of refugees and internally displaced persons, and the limitations on the use of force under the UN Charter. Additionally, the UN often struggles with the lack of consensus among its member states, the limitations of its peacekeeping resources, and the need for more effectivepreventive diplomacy and conflict resolution mechanisms.2. Analyze the impact of the European Union on the international political and economic landscape.答案：The European Union has had a profound impact on the international political and economic landscape. Politically, it has promoted peace and stability in Europe by reducing the likelihood of conflicts。

外交学院硕士研究生入学考试专业课样题《翻译》（代码804）This test paper consists of two parts, namely, English into Chinese translation and Chinese into English translation.To facilitate grading, the texts have been broken into groups of sentences, each with a number, and you should put down the number of the paragraph you are translating before giving your version after this number.Please write neatly and intelligibly.The total hours of work are 3 hours.The maximum score is 10×15＝150 pointsPart One: English into Chinese TranslationDirections: Translate the following two passages into Chinese; read the whole texts carefully to get a general impression of the contents and give your translation in the sheets provided.Passage 1:[1] We are living through a time of global economic challenges that cannot be met by half measures or the isolated efforts of any nation. Now, the leaders of the Group of 20 have a responsibility to take bold, comprehensive and coordinated action that not only jump-starts recovery, but also launches a new era of economic engagement to prevent a crisis like this from ever happening again. No one can deny the urgency of action. A crisis in credit and confidence has swept across borders, with consequences for every corner of the world. For the first time in a generation, the global economy is contracting and trade is shrinking.[2] Once and for all, we have learned that the success of the American economy is inextricably linked to the global economy. There is no line between action that restores growth within our borders and action that supports it beyond. If people in other countries cannot spend, markets dry up — already we've seen the biggest drop in American exports in nearly four decades, which has led directly to American job losses. And if we continue to let financial institutions around the world act recklessly and irresponsibly, we will remain trapped in a cycle of bubble and bust. That is why the upcoming London Summit is directly relevant to our recovery at home.[3] Our leadership is grounded in a simple premise: We will act boldly to lift the American economy out of crisis and reform our regulatory structure, and these actions will be strengthened by complementary action abroad. Through our example, the United States can promote a global recovery and build confidence around the world; and if the London Summit helps galvanize collective action, we can forge a secure recovery, and future crises can be averted. Our effortsmust begin with swift action to stimulate growth. Already, the United States has passed the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act.[4] Second, we must restore the credit that businesses and consumers depend upon. At home, we are working aggressively to stabilize our financial system. This includes an honest assessment of the balance sheets of our major banks, and will lead directly to lending that can help Americans purchase goods, stay in their homes and grow their businesses. This must continue to be amplified by the actions of our G-20 partners. Together, we can embrace a common framework that insists upon transparency, accountability and a focus on restoring the flow of credit that is the lifeblood of a growing global economy.Passage 2:[5] After years of fighting unionization efforts at its stores, Wal-Mart, t he world’s largest retailer, said today that it would work closely with Chinese officials to establish labor unions at all of its outlets here. Wal-Mart said it would form an alliance with the government-backed All China Federation of Trade Unions because it wanted to create “an effective and harmonious way of facilitating the establishment of grassroots unions” at its stores. The announcement came less than two weeks after Wal-Mart employees established their first union in China, the first time that a union had ever been formed at a Wal-Mart store.[6] Wal-Mart’s decision surprised observers because while the company had signaled earlier that it would not do anything to stop unions from forming at its Chinese stores, it had never suggested that it would actively participate in backing unionization efforts. Wal-Mart’s decision to allow unions comes after years of pressure from the All China Federation of Trade Unions, which has been pushing companies with large foreign investments here to allow unionization, which is required under Chinese law. Forming a union at Wal-Mart stores, which have been plagued by labor disputes in recent years, has proved incredibly difficult.[7] But exactly what it means to have a unionized Wal-Mart store here is unclear because unions in China do not have the history of bargaining power. Wal-Mart officials see China as a potentially huge market and are determined to expand rapidly here. The company already has about 60 retail outlets and 30,000 employees here. And because of China’s mighty factories, this country is Wal-Mart’s primary sourcing base for the millions of goods its sell around the world. Wal-Mart initially signaled its approval of unions here in late 2004, when the company said that if workers in China moved to unionize, Wal-Mart would not stop them.Part Two: Chinese into English TranslationDirections: Translate the following three passages into English; read the whole texts carefully to get a general impression of the contents and give your translation in the sheets provided.Passage 3:[8] 美国掀起的这场全球货币战争已经拉开帷幕。

外交学院翻译硕士汉语写作与百科知识考研真题汉语写作与百科知识是翻译硕士必考的科目。

考生要想把握翻译硕士每年出题点，就要把历年真题过一遍，为了让考生更好地实战复习，凯程考研分享了外交学院翻译硕士汉语写作与百科知识考研真题。

一、百科知识(50分)请简要解释以下段落中划线部分的知识要点。

1、明年经济工作的总体要求是：全面贯彻党的十七大、十七届三中全会、十七届四中全会和十七届五中全会精神，以邓小平理论和“三个代表”重要思想为指导，深入贯彻落实科学发展观，正确把握国内外形势新变化新特点，以科学发展为主题，以加快转变经济发展方式为主线，实施积极的财政政策和稳健的货币政策，增强宏观调控的针对性、灵活性、有效性，加快推进经济结构调整，大力加强自主创新，切实抓好节能减排，不断深化改革开放，着力保障和改善民生、巩固和扩大应对国际金融危机冲击成果，保持经济平稳较快发展，促进社会和谐稳定。

2、毛泽东的政体思想，特别是他关于政体与国体的辩证关系，人民代表大会制和民主集中制等一系列系统论述，比较科学地回答了已夺取政权的无产阶级应采取何种政体形式来实现本阶级的统治，并与本国的国情相适应。

3、英国在1688年完成了“光荣革命”，最早在高层实现了精英民主，军事贵族集团不再对社会实行专制控制。

4、伯克出生于都柏林市的一个中产阶级家庭。

伯克认为，民主不可能成为一种政体，“完美的民主”更是世界上最无耻的事情。

他反对从民主的角度理解代议制。

5、二战后，美国凭借占绝对优势的综合国力取得霸主国地位，逐步建立了以布雷顿森林体系为核心的国际金融体系、以关贸总协定为核心的国际贸易体系、以北大西洋公约组织为核心的国际安全体系。

6、从欧盟东扩到北约东扩，从南联盟问题到科索沃问题，从有组织犯罪到非法移民，从天然气管道到颜色革命，欧俄矛盾一直没有停止。

7、中国是一个拥有悠久文化传统的民族，由于风俗习惯的关系，一年当中有若干节日，如七夕、重阳、除夕等等。

这些节日，并非是一个时代定下来的，而是在长久的历史发展过程中逐渐积累下来的。

405汉法互译--外交学院2007年硕士研究生入学考试样题法译汉 (70 分)1) Ce n’est pas un conte, c’est effectivement arrivé.(3分)2) Je n’ai jamais rencontré d’économistes d’esprit aussi étroit. Ils ne s’intéressent qu’aux statistiques, aux tableaux, aux courbes. Pour eux, tout le reste est littérature. (4 分)3) Ce n’est pas d’aujourd’hui que le fran?ais emprunte des mots à l’anglais. Déjà au XVIIIe, même au XIIe siècle, on en trouve. Mais passons au déluge, je veux surtout vousparler des emprunts faits au XXe siècle, et vous verrez que c’est un véritable fléau. (4 分)4) Le romantique a la nostalgie, comme Hamlet* ; il cherche ce qu’il n’a pas, et jusque par-delà les nuages ; il rêve, il vit dans les songes. (4 分)Hamlet : 哈姆莱特5) Au lieu de l’autorité, c’est de l’autoritarisme qui émane de lui. On lui disait du caractère, il montre de l’entêtement. On aurait pu le créditer de prudence, on le découvre méfiant.(5 分)6) Je ne sais pas si vous l’avez remarqué, il suffit que le nom d’une personne qui paraissait devoir vous rester inconnue ou tout au moins indifférente soit prononc é unefois devant vous, pour que des détails viennent peu à peu se grouper autour de ce nom… (5 分)7) Le principal défi que nous devons relever aujourd’hui est de faire en sorte que la mondialisation devienne une force positive pour l’humanité tout entière. Car, si elle offre des possibilités immenses, à l’heure actuelle ses bienfaits sont très inégalement répartis, de même que les charges qu’elle impose. Nous reconnaissons que les pays en développement et les pays en transition doiventsurmonter des difficultés particulières pour faire face à ce défi majeur. La mondialisation ne sera doncprofitable à tous, de fa?on équitable, que si un effort important et soutenu est consenti pour batir unavenir comme fondé sur la condition que nous partageons en tant qu’êtres humains, dans toute sa diversité. Cet effort doit produire des politiques et des mesures, à l’échelon mondial, qui correspondent aux besoins des pays en développement et des pays en transition etsont formulées et appliquées avec leur participation effective. (15 分)8) Quand ils furent au pont, ils tournèrent à droite, et la rivière leur jeta à la face un souffle frais. Ellecoulait, mélancolique et tranquille, devant un rideau de hauts peupliers ; et des étoiles semblaient nagersur l’eau, remuées par le courant. Une brume fine et blanchatre qui flottait sur la berge* de l’autre c?té apportait aux poumons une senteur humide, et Caravant s’arrêta brusquement, frappé par cette odeur de fleuve qui remuait dans son c?ur des souvenirs très vieux.Et il revit soudain sa mère, autrefois, dans son enfance à lui, courbée à genoux devant leur porte, là-bas, en Picardie, et lavant au mince cours d’eau qui traversait le jardin le linge en tas à c?té d’elle. Il entendait son battoir** dans le silence tranquille de la campagne, sa voix qui criait : - ? Alfred, apporte-moi du savon. ? Et il sentait cette même odeur d’eau qui coule, cette même brume envolée des terres ruisselantes, cette buée*** marécageuse dont lasaveur était restée en lui, inoubliable, et qu’il retrouvait justement ce soir-l à même où sa mère venait de mourir. (30 分)* berge n. f. Bord d’un cours d’eau.** battoir n. m. Instrument qui sert à battre (le linge).*** buée n. f. Vapeur d’eau qui se dégage d’un liquide chauffé.汉译法(80 分)1 天下兼相爱则治，交相恶则乱。