2016年外交学院翻译硕士考研真题、考研参考书

2016年外交学院翻译硕士考研规划，考研经验9月上旬至11月下旬：开始这一阶段复习之前，要保证《英语三级笔译》已经全部做完，单词（可以用新东方专八和GRE乱序版）至少背过两遍，百科知识和缩略语翻译已经有一定的基础。

进入《英语二级笔译》的练习。

其实整个复习阶段的翻译练习主要就是以三笔和二笔为主，辅之以各校历年真题，所以，这个阶段就是二笔和考研真题（注意，这里的真题最好不要做近两年的，因为近两年真题留到最后冲刺阶段的自我检测，可以用时间稍微久远的真题练习自测）。

但是三笔不能放下。

每天一定要抽出半个到一个小时从第一单元开始，把三笔当做视译材料，看着翻译下来，用上以前积累的好句型，把译文质量提高。

政府工作报告（当年和前一年）的翻译。

上网把中英文下载下来，对照复习，政工报告在很多学校的考试中都是重点考查内容，政治性很强，可以对专业性的政治经济词汇有个了解，是不错的复习资料。

刚开始看的时候会很枯燥，但是一旦找到感觉就发现工作报告其实不难，所以也是提高自信的利器。

英语写作：翻译硕士英语这门考试中有一篇英语写作，一般是400至500字的命题作文。

这对英语专业的学生来说不是难事，但是想要提高写作速度，就要加强练习，所以，至少需要每周写三篇作文，可以按照各校历年真题的题目来，也可以按照专八考试真题的题目来写，计时写作，30到40分钟内完成。

（一般作文的写作思路是：提出问题或现状，分析原因，提出解决方法，做归纳性总结。

）英语阅读：外交学院的题量很大，要求的单词量很大，前两年题还是比较难的，但最近外院的题一直在往简单走，所以，如果基础不错的话，这一科不用花太多时间。

建议用书：《专八标准阅读一百篇》，《冲击波改错》。

阅读和改错要留到10月下旬开始，因为质量高的题有限，不能浪费。

在这之前可以慢慢做育明的翻译硕士英语考研真题，看看题型，掌握速度，这本书相当于题库，尤其是单选，命中率很高的，所以要重视。

冲刺阶段首先进行扫尾工作，然后针对自己的薄弱项查漏补缺。

16年考研详解与指导31、余秋雨：国际著名文化史学者、文学家、散文家、作家、我国当代著名艺术理论家。

著有系列散文集《文化苦旅》《山居笔记》《霜冷长河》《千年一叹》《行者无疆》《摩挲大地》《寻觅中华》《何谓文化》等。

《文化苦旅》是余秋雨的代表作。

325、中国现代文学史伟大开端-----五四新文化运动和文学革命。

326、新青年的创刊一---标志着五四新文化运动的开始。

327、文学研究会发起人----周作人、郑振铎、叶绍钧、沈雁冰、许地山等。

328、文学研究会会员-----老舍、冰心、朱自清、叶绍钧、周作人等。

329、创造社主要成员----郭沫若、郁达夫、成仿吾、张资平、田汶等。

330、创造社初期提出-----为艺术而艺术。

331、五四时期，创造社基本创造倾向---浪漫主义332、中国现代文学史上第一部白话诗集-----尝试集一---胡适。

333、中国现代新诗的奠基者一---郭沫若----女神。

334、“开一代诗风”的中国新诗奠基作是以郭沫若的------《女神》------为代表的。

335、郭沫若-------是继鲁迅之后中国文化战线上的又一面旗帜。

《女神》是_部杰出的浪漫主义诗集，是我国新文学史上第_部不朽的诗歌作品，开了_代新诗风。

奠定了新诗运动的基础。

336、新月派诗人-----李金发、徐志摩。

337、现代小说的开山之作-----鲁迅的狂人日记。

338、现代小说的开创者-----鲁迅。

339、开创现代小说的基本主题，形成中国现代小说史上一座难以逾越的高峰-----呐喊、彷徨------鲁迅。

340、鲁迅-----小说集《呐喊》（包括《狂人日记》、《阿q正传》、《孔乙己》等)，《彷徨》（包括《祝福》、《伤逝》等)，《故事新编》，散文集《朝花夕拾》（包括《藤野先生》、《范爱农》等)，散文诗集《野草》。

341、鲁迅的《呐喊》和《彷徨》-----是中国现代小说的开端和成熟的标志342、自叙传抒情小说派-----郁达夫-----沉沦。

16年翻译硕士考研详解与指导西方文化史零散知识点串讲42.工党：代表中下阶层的利益，如布菜尔，“左派”。

43.费边社：19世纪末，发起人是萧伯纳，反对阶级斗争夺取政权，鼓吹工人渗透统治阶级内部为大众服务。

44.影子内阁：shadow cabinet由反对党的核心人员组成的不执政的内阁，为未来上台执政做准备。

45.习惯法：或不成文法，common law，12世纪的巡回法官根据安格鲁撒克逊人的传统习惯做判决。

46.个人权利：生命权、自由权和财产权等。

47.巡回法官：circuit judges即决法庭：courts ofsummary jurisdiction即决罪：summary offences地方治安官：justice of the peace go to the bar:去当律师。

内政大臣：home secretary leasure industry：休闲娱乐业国营企业：state-run enterprise知情权：knowledge right假冒伪劣产品：false andshoddy goods劳动密集型产业：labour-intensive industry the concord：协和式飞机BT：英国电信公司British telecommunications遗产税：inheritance tax大锅饭：big cauldron theEstablishment：既得利益集团或幕后操纵集团48.苏格兰大院：伦敦警察总部。

49.英国病：二战后，经济发展缓慢等情况。

50.凯恩斯主义：Keynesianism运用政府机制的财政和货币政策使无序的资本主义竞争走向有序的发展。

51.prime the pump：政府注入资金帮助企业启动。

52.滞涨：stagflation赤字经济：deficit economy紧缩信贷：tight credit policy平均人头税：flat poll tax支持率：popularity rate53.铁娘子：iron lady苏联给撒切尔夫人的外号。

16年考研详解与指导350、中国文学史上第一篇用现代体式创作的白话小说------狂人日记-----选自呐喊。

351、中国几千年文学史上第一个真正把笔深入到不幸的农民和底层知识分子灵魂世界的作家一---鲁迅_提出改造国民性的主题。

352、鲁迅小说中最著名的一篇------阿q正传。

353、阿q-—---中国现代文学中最成功的艺术典型。

354、新文学史上最有成就的教育小说家-----叶绍钧（叶圣陶)。

355、叶圣陶一---长篇小说《倪焕之》，中国现代文学史上最早写童话的作家。

356、现代小诗的最佳之作-----冰心的诗集繁星、春水。

357、冰心作品的思想内核-----爱的哲学。

358、冰心-----被誉为“美文”的代表。

359、中国现代抒情小说的最初形式-----自叙传抒情小说。

360、20年代初小说创作的三大潮流-----问题小说、自叙传抒情小说、乡土小说。

361、创造社发起人和最主要的成员-----郭沫若。

362、中国现代新诗的奠基之作-----女神。

363、郭沫若-----继鲁迅之后，我国文化战线上又一面光辉的旗帜。

364、女神中最具代表性的是诗篇-----凤凰涅槃。

365、新月派的代表人物-----徐志摩、闻一多、朱湘、胡也频等。

366、诗集翡冷翠的一夜、猛虎集的作者----徐志摩367、闻一多第一部诗集-----红烛。

368、闻一多之后的代表作-----死水。

369、新月派的真正代表诗人-----徐志摩。

370、新月派前期的主要代表人物有-----闻一多和徐志摩。

371、五四时期出版的中国第一部新诗集-----郭沫若的女神。

372、中国现代文学史上大量尝试散文诗创作的第一人-----鲁迅----散文诗代表作是野草。

373、鲁迅睢一的一本散文诗集-----野草。

374、周作人-----其早期散文分别收入自己的园地、雨天的书、谈龙集、谈虎集。

375、在20年代的戏剧创作中成绩最为显著的是----田汶-----创造社最重要的剧作家。

11、亚太经济合作组织（专业性、区域性、政府间国际会议组织）简称“亚太经合组织”（Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation--APEC），成立之初是一个区域性经济论坛和磋商机构，经过十几年的发展，已逐渐演变为亚太地区重要的经济合作论坛，也是亚太地区最高级别的政府间经济合作机制。

它在推动区域贸易投资自由化，加强成员间经济技术合作等方面发挥了不可替代的作用。

1989年11月，亚太经合组织首届部长级会议在澳大利亚首都堪培拉举行，标志着亚太经合组织的正式成立。

1991年11月，亚太经合组织第三届部长级会议在韩国首都汉城（现称“首尔”）举行，会议通过的《汉城宣言》正式确立该组织的宗旨和目标为：“为本地区人民的共同利益保持经济的增长与发展；促进成员间经济的相互依存；加强开放的多边贸易体制；减少区域贸易和投资壁垒。

”1991年11月，中国以主权国家身份，中国台北和香港（1997年７月１日起改为“中国香港”）以地区经济名义正式加入亚太经合组织。

截至2006年11月，亚太经合组织共有21个成员。

12、石油输出国组织（欧佩克）（专业性、世界性、政府间）1960年9月14日，由伊朗、伊拉克、科威特、沙特阿拉伯和委内瑞拉的代表在巴格达开会，决定联合起来共同对付西方石油公司，维护石油收入，宣告成立石油输出国组织(Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries--OPEC)，简称“欧佩克”。

随着成员的增加，欧佩克发展成为亚洲、非洲和拉丁美洲一些主要石油生产国的国际性石油组织。

其成员国除以上5国外还有阿尔及利亚、印度尼西亚、利比亚、尼日利亚、卡塔尔、阿拉伯联合酋长国。

宗旨是：协调和统一各成员国的石油政策，并确定以最适宜的手段来维护它们各自和共同的利益。

13、阿拉伯石油输出国组织（专业性、区域性、政府间）1968年1月9日，科威特、利比亚和沙特阿拉伯三国在贝鲁特创建了阿拉伯石油输出国组织(Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries--OAPEC)。

外交学院外交学专业考研专业课参考书解析及一本通复习资料介绍-育明教育一、外交学院外交学考研参考书分析（育明陈老师独家解析）专业一“712政治学综合二”①《政治科学基础》，唐晓、杨帆著，世界知识出版社，2007年版；②《政治学十五讲》，燕继荣著，北京大学出版社，2013年版。

育明教育陈老师解析：《政治科学基础》这本书是专业一复习的重中之重，每年的试题都会考到大量书中的知识点。

建议考生要把这本书研读4-5遍，千万不要因为知识点比较琐碎而产生复习的死角，像15年的考试中出现了“政府四职能说”相关的命题，很多考生在复习中就并没有作为重点。

另外“全读”的同时还应当“精读”对于书中的重要知识内容需要还要做到熟练背诵。

对于笔记整理，按照“类型”和“方法”的主线来进行，一看到标题就能够想到有几方面的内容、每一方面包含几点、没一点的关键词是什么。

唐晓老师和杨帆老师都是我们外交学院的老师，其中唐晓老师更是我们外教系的系主任，虽然专业课的命题基本是众多硕士生导师轮流出题，但这本书每位老师在出题是都会重点参照。

（更多外交学院考研参考书解析、资料经验获取、课程咨询可联系陈老师扣扣：伍四七.零六叁.捌六贰）。

《政治学十五讲》这本书几乎是所有学政治学、考政治学的人都会认真研读的一本书。

书的写作脉络以及框架是非常清晰的，阅读起来也并没有大的难度。

从2009年《政治学十五讲》这本书成为指定参考书之后，每年考试中能够从书中找到的知识点并不是很多。

但这本书在复习过程中的辅助作用确实不容忽视的，建议考生要把书中专属性的知识点记忆清楚最好有一本优秀的笔记来协助。

专业二“806外交学”①《外交学概论》，鲁毅等编，世界知识出版社，2004年版；②《中国近现代外交史(第二版)》，熊志勇等著，北京大学出版社，2014年版；③《中国当代外交史：1949—2001》，谢益显主编，中国青年出版社，2002年版；④《外交决策》，张历历著，世界知识出版社，2007年版。

全国8大分校·出题人阅卷人加盟·多对一跟踪督促·精准考研信息·考前绝密押题·复试协议保过高端状元集训营·一对一押题保分·专业课视频课程·全套真题（含解析）笔记·专业课押题卷外交学院翻译硕士英语口译考研资料-考研考博一．外交学院外国语学院英语笔译考研内容分析专业招生人数初试复试英语口译年份统考推免政治100分翻译硕士英语100分英语翻译基础150分汉语写作与百科知识150分 1.笔试时间为120分钟，满分为100分。

各专业笔试内容为：英语写作2.英语口译（专业学位）专业面试形式为交替传译（英译汉、汉译英）满分100分。

2014151020152911201617+13（调剂）11二．育明考研考博辅导中心武老师解析：关于外交学院翻译硕士英语口译2016年的招生信息武老师解析：1，外交学院16年招生人数没有招满，调剂13人，统招17人，共计30人，推免11人。

分数线350分，和国家线持平。

2，外交学院只有口译专业，专业势力非常强，研究生期间开设的课程比较多，学生会接触到很多实践机会，整体上英语系毕业生得到了社会各界的广泛认可和用人单位的普遍好评。

毕业生当年的初次就业率一直保持较高水平，近年来毕业生当年初次就业率均接近100%。

3，外交学院真题来看，难度中等偏上，但是题量比较大，要多做模拟题，把握时间安排。

外院的老师侧重翻译，会有压分现象。

大家课下要好好练习翻译，掌握精髓。

4，外院不公布真题和参考书，很多考生觉得无从下手，但是没有参考书并不能阻碍什么。

考研，非参加知识竞赛，背书即可。

研究生入学考试，考的是语言能力，不是考记忆力。

育明教育考博分校针对外交学院翻译硕士专业考研开设的辅导课程有：专业课一对一·全程集训营·视频班·复试保过班·高端协议班。

每年专业课课程班的平均通过率都在85%以上。

[考研类试卷]2016年国际关系学院翻译硕士英语真题试卷一、Vocabulary1 The great use of a school education is not so much to teach you things______to teach you the art of learning.（A）but（B）nor（C）as（D）like2 All flights______, we decided to take a greyhound.（A）were canceled（B）had been canceled（C）having canceled（D）having been canceled3 This company has now introduced a policy______pay rises are related to performance at work.（A）which（B）where（C）whether（D）what4 The American businessman had difficulty at times working with his local counterparts in Guangdong Province, for he could speak______Cantonese than Mandarin.（A）no more（B）not more（C）no less（D）not less5 He came into the manager's office______ that he was dismissed.（A）only to be told（B）being told（C）in order to be told（D）telling6 The new director made it clear that his staff were not to accept gifts from clients,______.（A）be they jewelry or football tickets（B）they are jewelry or football tickets（C）whether are jewelry or football tickets（D）no matter are jewelry or football tickets7 The terrible disease is said ______the number-one killer of both men and women over the past few years in that region.（A）being（B）to be（C）to have been（D）having been8 ______your timely advice, I would never have known how to go about the work. （A）Unless（B）But for（C）Except for（D）Not for9 The doctor ______a medicine for the child's stomach pains.（A）described（B）subscribed（C）prescribed（D）inscribed10 The ______family in Chinese cities now spends more money on housing than before. （A）normal（B）average（C）usual（D）general11 Prices are ______to variation without notice.（A）possible（B）trendy（C）likely（D）subject12 Be careful when you talk to your boss. He is in a very bad ______today. （A）motive（B）mood（C）mind（D）notion13 The government has allocated ten million pounds to the tsunami-______area. （A）sticken（B）stricken（C）stuck（D）striked14 The branches could hardly ______the weight of the fruit.（A）retain（B）sustain（C）maintain（D）remain15 Her speeches are full of ______wit and warmth.（A）captivating（B）captivated（C）captive（D）captured16 After the terrorist attacks in Europe, he ______the idea of going to Spain for a holiday.（A）gave in（B）dismissed（C）missed（D）struck17 He asked for $ 5, 000 in ______for the injury he suffered in the accident.（A）damages（B）losses（C）damage（D）loss18 Unfortunately, most public places are simply not geared ______the needs of people with disabilities.（A）with（B）for（C）to（D）at19 A solar cell takes radiation from the sun and ______it into electricity.（A）alters（B）modifies（C）shapes（D）converts20 His constructive proposal for improving the program is ______of our attention. （A）worth（B）worthy（C）worthwhile（D）worthless21 A good English learner is supposed to ______a large vocabulary.（A）command（B）order（C）control（D）lead22 The government has launched several campaigns to crack ______on pirating.（A）up（B）in（C）down（D）for23 Traditionally people believed that obesity resulted from overeating only. Today, however, many doctors believe that it is a (n) ______of genes.（A）affair（B）matter（C）thing（D）object24 We were so poor in those days that the whole family had only one ______and were ashamed of being seen.（A）clothes（B）clothing（C）garment（D）costume25 Everybody says that he takes ______his grandfather, with his big fleshy nose that takes ______too much space on his face.（A）to; up（B）after; up（C）of; off（D）from; away26 Seeing the closet on fire, he made a <u>futile</u> attempt to save the paintings from the flames. The underlined word probably means______.（A）prompt（B）frenzied（C）frantic（D）useless27 Her parents keep her on a short______, although she has turned 20.（A）leash（B）lash（C）blush（D）lush28 This is a widely ______book owing to its insightful understanding of the subject. （A）exclaimed（B）claimed（C）reclaimed（D）acclaimed29 Doctors recommend Vitamin C for keeping colds ______bay.（A）to（B）for（C）in（D）at30 Normally he is rather______, but sometimes he talks freely about himself.（A）reserved（B）informal（C）peaceful（D）sociable二、Reading Comprehension30 The temperature of the sun is over 5, 000 degrees Fahrenheit at the surface, but it rises to perhaps more than 16 million degrees at the center. The sun is so much hotter than the earth that matter can exist only as a gas, except at the core. In the core of the sun, the pressures are so great against the gases that, despite the high temperature, there may be a small solid core. However, no one really knows, since the center of the sun can never be directly observed.Solar astronomers do know that the sun is divided into five layers or zones. Starting at the outside and going down into the sun, the zones are the corona, chromosphere, photosphere, convection zone and finally the core. The first three zones are regarded as the sun's atmosphere. But since the sun has no solid surface, it is hard to tell where the atmosphere ends and the main body of the sun begins.The sun's outermost layer begins about 10, 000 miles above the visible surface and goes outward for millions of miles. This is the only part of the sun that can be seen during an eclipse such as the one in February 1979. At any other time, the corona can be seen only when special instruments are used on cameras and telescopes to shut out the glare of the sun's rays.The corona is a brilliant, pearly white, filmy light, about as bright as the full moon. Its beautiful rays are a sensational sight during an eclipse. The corona's rays flash out in a brilliant fan that has wispy spikelike rays near the sun's north and south poles. The corona is thickest at the sun's equator.The corona rays are made up of gases streaming outward at tremendous speeds and reaching a temperature of more than 2 million degrees Fahrenheit. The rays of gas thin out as they reach the space around the planets. By the time the sun's corona rays reach the Earth, they are weak and invisible.31 Matter on the sun can exist only in the form of gas because of the sun's______. （A）size（B）age（C）location（D）temperature32 The second paragraph is mainly concerned with______.（A）how the sun evolved（B）the structure of the sun（C）why scientists study the sun（D）the distance of the sun from the planets33 All of the following are parts of the sun's atmosphere EXCEPT the______.（A）corona（B）chromosphere（C）photosphere（D）core34 The word "glare" in the passage probably means______.（A）strong heat（B）harmful effect（C）bright unpleasant light（D）endless warmth35 According to the passage, as the corona rays reach the planets, they become______. （A）hotter（B）clearer（C）thinner（D）stronger36 Which of the following do the paragraphs following the passage most likely discuss? （A）The remaining layers of the sun.（B）The evolution of the sun to its present form.（C）The eclipse of February 1979.（D）The scientists who study astronomy.36 Seeing the wreck for the first time, under the great arc of a sunny sky on that level shore, I was initially impressed by its remoteness. Here was the focus of those weeks of discussion, of seemingly endless careful planning: a slightly projecting, elongated outline. The warmth of the day meant that many holiday-makers were about, and our equipment rapidly attracted them to the site, unmistakable with its brilliant orange marker, each attached to a steel post. These posts marked off the four corners of our working area, and were linked by a rope to keep it clear of curious sightseers.Many structural features of the wreck which would normally have been visible were obscured by the sand, which was not only right up to but even above the upper gun deck. We went to work immediately when the first low tide made a start possible, and set up our basic survey line running down the middle of the wreck from bow to stern. As we set about measuring the sides of the ship in their relation to survey line, the "Amsterdam" emerged as a vessel of substance, and more so when the members of the team had scoured her aged timbers free from mussel shells and seaweed.All this activity attracted an increasing number of sightseers, whose interest was natural and welcome, since the more people who were moved to understand what we were about, the better it was for archaeology in general and for the future preservation of the " Amsterdam" in particular. However, there were also predatory souvenir hunters who were most disappointed by our merely taking elaborate measurements, with no apparent intention of digging up more objects.37 Seeing the wreck of the "Amsterdam", the author was impressed by______.（A）its apparent isolation（B）its accessibility from the shore（C）the crowds of people round it（D）the effect of its outline against the sky38 According to the passage, the holiday-makers on the beach were______.（A）confined within a roped-off area（B）confined to the upper part of the wreck（C）kept well away from the orange markers（D）discouraged from entering the roped-off area39 The word "obscured" in the passage probably means______.（A）made clearer（B）made less clear（C）obtained（D）filled40 We are told that work on the wreck was made difficult by______. （A）the slope of the beach（B）the height of the ship（C）the number of holiday-makers（D）the volume of the sand41 The passage suggests that the "Amsterdam" had been a______. （A）submarine（B）warship（C）fishing boat（D）passenger liner42 The passage suggests that "I" was most likely a (n) ______. （A）reporter（B）archaeologist（C）tourist（D）beach keeper42 Nineteenth-century associationist theories assumed that the mind functions in terms of association, forming sets of concepts and experiences. Associationists argued that mental contents could be studied by noting the links of similarity, contrast and proximity which exist in an individual's thought and behavior patterns. Pavlov's notion of conditioning is itself base on the associationist theory that one stimulus becomes associated with another. If a bell is rung each time a dog is given food, the dog will become conditioned to salivate on hearing the bell ring, despite the absence of food.First used to investigate the differences in cognitive styles, word-association tests became a sensitive instrument for the detection of emotional concerns.In a word-association test, a subject is presented with a list of about 100 words as stimuli. Each word is chosen by the tester and the subject is required to respond with the first word that comes into his or her mind on hearing the stimulus word. The tester notes the subject's response time for each of the words with the use of a chronometer.It is argued that if the subject is emotionally indifferent to a stimulus word, the response time for the reaction is very short. If, on the other hand, the stimulus word carries emotional significance for the subject, the response time is likely to be significantly longer. In addition, reactions to significant words may also include hesitation, stuttering, involuntary movement or other symptoms of disturbance.Jung, who used word-association tests in the early part of his career, showed that family members, in particular mothers and daughters and husbands and wives, exhibited similar responses to the same stimulus words. He argued that this indicated a failure to achieve individuation and was indicative of the potentially negative dynamics that exist in family relationships.In a test carried out by Donald D. Jaffe, a pioneer of word-association tests, a subject was observed to exhibit delay and disturbance in response to the words "friend", "bottle", and "fight". Jaffe suggested that the subject had been involved in a drunken fight with a friend in which a window had been broken. The subject admitted that such an experience had, indeed, taken place and that the friend had asked the subject to pay for the damages resulting from injuries he had received.43 Associationist theories______.（A）were useful only for studying how people think（B）were first used by Jung in word-association tests（C）formed the basis for Pavlov's notion of conditioning（D）were used to assess a person's vocabulary44 According to the passage, a chronometer is a device to measure______.（A）time（B）facial expressions（C）voice（D）association between words45 In a word-association test, ______can be significant.（A）the time of response（B）the word provided by a subject（C）facial expressions of the subject on hearing the word（D）all of the above46 According to Jung, ______.（A）the father and the daughter in a family responded quite differently to a word stimulus（B）the similarity of the responses in a family indicated that the family members got on well with each other（C）the similarity of the responses in a family indicated that children in the family were not capable of individual thinking（D）if members in a family responded similarly to a word stimulus, the family was going to break up47 Jaffe's experiment shows that______.（A）the word-association test is very powerful（B）word-association tests can be used only for assessing unpleasant experiences （C）the subject was an aggressive man（D）the friend was right in asking the subject to pay for the injuries48 The passage mainly talks about the significance of word-association tests in assessing______.（A）people's cognitive styles（B）people's emotional concerns（C）people's potentials for a task（D）family relationships48 When we feel stressed, our adrenal glands release a peptide called Cortisol. Our body responds with Cortisol whether it faces physical, environmental, academic, or emotional danger. This triggers a string of physical reactions including depression of the immune system, tensing of the large muscles, blood-clotting, and increasing blood pressure. It's the perfect response to the unexpected presence of a sable-toothed tiger. But in school, that kind of response leads to problems. Chronically high Cortisol levels lead to the death of brain cells in the hippocampus, which is critical to explicit memory formation.These physical changes are significant. Stanford scientist Robert Sapolsky found that atrophy levels in the hippocampus of Vietnam veterans with PTSD (post-traumatic stress disorder) ranged from 8 to 24 percent above the control group. Chronic stress also impairs a student's ability to sort out what's important and what's not. Jacobs and Nadel (1985) suggest that thinking and memory are affected under stress. The brain's short-term memory and ability to form long-term memories are inhibited.There are other problems. Chronic stress makes students more susceptible to illness. In one study, students showed a depressed immune system at test time; they had lower levels of an important antibody for fighting infection. This may explain the vicious academic cycle; more test stress means more sickness, which means poor health and missed classes, which contribute to lower test scores.A stressful physical environment is linked to student failure. Crowded conditions, poor student relationships, and even lighting can matter. Optometrist Ray Gottlieb says thatschool stress causes vision problems. That in turn impairs academic achievement and self-esteem. He says that, typically, a stressed child will constrict breathing and change how he or she focuses to adapt to the stress. This pattern hurts learning in the short and long run. Under stress, the eyes become more attentive to peripheral areas as a natural way to spot predators first. This makes it nearly impossible to track across a page of print, staying focused on small areas of print.49 What does NOT Cortisol do?（A）It leads to the death of brain cell.（B）It causes the release of adrenal glandsblood-clotting.（C）It prepares one for the attack of saber-toothed tigers.（D）It affects one's immune system.50 Stress does NOT usually result in______.（A）lower atrophy levels（B）impaired ability to distinguish what is important and what is not（C）weakened thinking（D）inhibited ability to form short and long-term memories51 Which of the following statements is very possibly wrong?（A）People under chronic stress get ill easily.（B）People under chronic stress have more antibody than an average person.（C）The more test stress you have, the lower test scores you might have.（D）Test stress may produce better test scores.52 When would one very possibly NOT feel stressful?（A）When there are few people around.（B）When you do not have many friends.（C）When you are in very bright light.（D）When you read a book of small print.53 Ray Gottlieb is specialized in______.（A）stress studies（B）light studies（C）studies of human eyes（D）education studies54 When Ray Gottlieb says that school stress causes vision problems, he meansthat______.（A）stress leads to short-sightedness of students（B）stress affects students' breathing（C）stress leads to failure to spot predators（D）stress deviates students' focus of attention54 What is happening in the United States today is truly astonishing. In a society that prides itself on its preference for facts over hearsay, on its openness to research, and on its respect for "expert" opinion, parents, educators, administrators, and legislators are ignoring the facts, the research, and the expert opinion about how young children learn and how best to teach them.All across the country, educational programs intended for school-aged children are being appropriated for the education of young children. In some states (for example, New York, Connecticut, and Illinois) educational administrators are advocating that childrenenter school at age four. Many kindergarten programs have become full-day kindergartens, and nursery-school programs have become pre-kindergartens. Moreover, many of these kindergartens have introduced curricula, including work papers, once reserved for first-grade children. And in books addressed to parents a number of writers are encouraging parents to teach infants and young children reading, math, and science. When we instruct children in academic subjects, or in swimming, gymnastics, or ballet, at too early an age, we miseducate them; we put them at risk for short-term stress and long-term personality damage for no useful purpose. There is no evidence that such early instruction has lasting benefits, and considerable evidence that it can do lasting harm.Why, then, are we engaging in such unhealthy practices on so vast a scale? Like all social phenomena, the contemporary miseducation of large numbers of infants and young children derives from the coming together of multiple and complex social forces that both generate and justify these practices. One thing is sure: miseducation does not grow out of established knowledge about what is good pedagogy for infants and young children. Rather, the reasons must be sought in the changing values, size, structure, and style of American families, in the residue of the 1960s efforts to ensure equality of education for all groups, and in the new status, competitive, and computer pressures experienced by parents and educators in the eighties.While miseducation has always been with us — we have always had pushy parents —today it has become a societal norm. If we do not wake up to the potential danger of these harmful practices, we may do serious damage to a large segment of the next generation.55 What is happening in the United States today is truly astonishing because______. （A）people prefer facts over hearsay（B）the Americans are open to research（C）the Americans respect expert opinions（D）many people are blind to facts, research and expert opinions56 Which of the following statements is right according to the text?（A）Educational programs are adopted for young children.（B）Children enter school at age four in the US.（C）Nursery school are becoming more like kindergartens in the US.（D）Parents teach infants and young children reading, math, and science in the US.57 We should not instruct children in academic subjects, or in swimming, gymnastics, or ballet, at too early an age because______.（A）there are short-term stress and long-term personality damages（B）it is not useful（C）it brings too many benefits to be useful（D）we miseducate them58 Which of the following statements is wrong?（A）We educate our children wrongly because social forces make us to do so.（B）We educate our children wrongly because we believe it is good for infants and young children.（C）We educate our children wrongly because our values, size, structure, and style of American families have changed.（D）We educate our children wrongly because we did it to ensure better education of our children.59 The term "miseducation" means______in the passage.（A）educating children wrongly（B）educating children at too early an age（C）educating children according to wrong theories（D）educating children wrong types of knowledge60 Which of the following best sums up the arguments of the text?（A）Education and misdeucation.（B）Parents and education.（C）Kindergartens, nurseries and schools in the US.（D）Health of US education.61 What do you think of the word-association tests as discussed in Passage 3?62 Do you think our, body's response with Cortisol is harmful to our health? Why? (This question is based on Passage 4)63 Please explain in your own words why stress can cause a vicious academic cycle. ( This question is based on Passage 4)64 Many Americans think that very early education is important because they find support from recent educational studies. Do you agree with the statement? (This question is based on Passage 5)65 Why has miseducation become a societal norm? (This question is based on Passage 5)三、Writing66 Directions: Please write a paper of no fewer than 300 words about the following question: Do you think, with growing power of China, Chinese will become an international language in the future? Why?答案见麦多课文库。

16年翻译硕士考研详解与指导378、老舍的第一部长篇小说-----《老张的哲学》。

379、老舍30-40年代小说描绘丰富多彩的一--市民世界380、现代小说史上善于创造市民世界的作家是----老舍381、老舍创作的以北平沦陷为题材的鸿篇巨制-----《四世同堂》。

382、曹禺的戏剧-----雷雨、日出、原野。

383、蘩漪-----的性格是雷雨剧中最有雷雨的特征，是五四后女性思想解放的代表384、夏衍的代表戏剧----上海屋檐下385、夏衍------创作了我国最早的电影文学剧本《狂流》。

386、鲁迅在左联成立大会上的讲话-----对于左翼作家联盟的意见----在现代文艺思想上具有划时代的意义。

387、茅盾-----《蚀》三部曲（《幻灭》、《动摇》、《追求》)、《子夜》、“农村三部曲”（《春蚕》、《秋收》、《残冬》)、《林家铺子》。

《子夜》是我国现代文学史上第_部现实主义长篇杰作，显示了“左翼”文学阵营的战斗实绩。

388、矛盾最早的一部小说蚀。

389、矛盾的长篇小说----子夜。

390、矛盾的短篇小说-----林家铺子、春蚕。

391、矛盾的代表作，也是社会分析小说最典型的杰作------子夜。

392、老舍-----出色的语言大师------代表作是骆驼祥子。

393、老舍------获"人民艺术家"称号。

是"京味小说"的开创者。

394、巴金的处女作一--灭亡。

395、巴金的激流三部曲是----家、春、秋------其中家是最杰出的作品，奠定他在中国文学史上的地位。

396、家-----巴金最为著名的作品。

397、《家》等为我国现代文学史上描写封建家庭历史的最成功的作品。

1982年获意大利“但丁国际奖”。

398、沈从文----京派小说的代表人物-----代表作是边城。

399、描绘湘西地区的生活“宁静”和“民性淳朴”-----沈从文---边城400、孙犁-----作品充满诗情画意，有“诗体小说”之称。

2016年翻译硕士考研真题北京外国语大学考研真题，育明教育学员回忆英语翻译基础35715个英译汉15分1.AKA2.RSVP3.GUI4.CIF5.TPP6.Grand Prix7.Life expectancy8.Payabale at sight9.No loitering10.World Anti-Doping Agency11.Cholesterol12.National treatment13.Interpol14.Insurance policy15.displaced people15个汉译英15分1.和平共处五项原则2.阅兵3.华侨4.21世纪海上丝绸之路5.抗日战争6.佣金7.人民币离岸市场8.传销9.川菜10.转基因玉米11.电磁炉12.农药残留13.不可抗力14.天下为公15.消防通道英译汉一篇60分：关于人类物种进化汉译英一篇60分：关于孔子简介汉语写作与百科知识448名词解释25分1.TPP2.哈姆莱特3.巴尔扎克4.新航路5.但丁6.斯巴达克7.普罗米修斯8.国风9.西欧近代三大思想解放运动10.阿克琉斯11.离骚12.霍去病13.张衡14.张仲景15.傅雷16.三大宗教翻译家17.小李杜18.大江健三郎19.西厢记20.牡丹亭21.一条鞭法22.昆阳之战23.癫张狂素24.川端康成25.南欧三大半岛应用文写作45分：写一篇倡议书大作文60分：以“累，并快乐着”为题写一篇散文1.坚定的决心请随时随地问自己：我到底想要什么?是想要，还是一定要？如果是想要，我们可能什么都得不到；如果是一定要，我们一定能够有方法得到。

考研成功就在于你做决定的那一刻。

知道自己需要什么，是发展坚韧的最重要的一步。

强烈的驱策力会使一个人去克服许多的困难。

所以，复习一开始就要确定自己要考哪所大学，分析考上的难度，给自己定个位，告诉自己要实现这个目标需要付出多少汗水。

2.强烈的愿望一个顶尖的推销员最优秀的素质是要有强烈的成交愿望，一个优秀足球前锋最可贵的素质是强烈的射门意识。

2016年外交学院英语口译（专业学位）考研专业目录、招生人数、参考书目、历年真题、复试分数线、答题方法、复习经验指导一、2016年外交学院英语口译（专业学位）专业考研招生目录专业代码、名称及研究方向招生人数考试科目备注005-英语系055112英语口译（专业学位）40（15）①101政治②211翻译硕士英语③357英语翻译基础④448汉语写作与百科知识二、2015年外交学院英语口译（专业学位）专业考研复试分数线考试科目政治外语专业一专业二总分英语口译（专业学位）52527878345三、2016年外交学院英语口译（专业学位）专业考研参考书科目名称书名作者出版社357英语翻译基础《中式英语之鉴》JoanPinkham、姜桂华著外语教学与研究出版社，2000年357英语翻译基础《英汉翻译简明教程》庄绎传著外语教学与研究出版社，2002年357英语翻译基础-《高级英汉翻译理论与实践》叶子南著清华大学出版社，2001年357英语翻译基础《非文学翻译理论与实践》罗进德主编中国对外翻译出版公司，2004年357英语翻译基础《非文学翻译》李长栓著外语教学与研究出版社出版，2009年9月357英语翻译基础《非文学翻译理论与实践》李长栓著中国对外翻译出版公司448汉语写作与百科知识-《百科知识考点精编与真题解析》光明日报出版社四、2015年外交学院英语口译（专业学位）专业考研真题357英语翻译基础基础英语1.20个单项选择。

考词汇和语法，专八水平，比较基础，有一道很老的题，还有一道其他学校考过的，只是句子稍改了一下。

2.10个改错。

给出一小篇文章，在10行画线句子中找错。

比专八改错简单写。

3.6篇阅读。

外院每年都是6篇阅读，前五篇是选择，题目难度不大，基本上都可以从原文中找到，但要细心。

其中还有一篇是要在几个句子里，选出填到原文空缺处的考题。

最后一篇有变化，去年是考的问答，今年是给文章的每一段选一个可以概括该段的句子，总共需要选出5个，但给出了10个选项，需要认真分析，仔细阅读。

2016年对外经济贸易大学翻译硕士考研真题，辅导讲义，考研参考书357英语翻译基础第一部分短语翻译加解释七个选五个翻译加解释E-Cbarries to entrycar poolingspecial drawing rightscurrent accountquotaexport credittertiary industryC-E全面二孩灵猫六国跨太平洋伙伴合作协定一带一路首次公开募股国际收支平衡表投资组合理论第二部分E-C世界银行集团的风险管理C-E第一部分三个古文句子翻译1.百川汇海阔风正好扬帆（后半句不大确定了）2.同心合意，庶几有成3.急人之急，雪中送炭，是中国所推崇的处世之道第二部分，篇章翻译是关于RCEP的，貌似是李克强的一个讲话。

211翻译硕士英语单选20题考的基本上都是词义辨析改错10题不是很难阅读四篇第一篇用机器鸟赶鸽子T/F/NG第二篇关于学习英语的（FT中文网原文）四选一第三篇关于Creation的选headings的题目第四篇关于Uber的文章（没记错的话也是FT中文网的文章）选句子填空写作图表作文给了两个图，第一个是FDI的图，第二个China's trade with Georfia（记不清是不是这个国家了）通过这两个图标分析说明中国在这个地区建立自由贸易区的可行性。

百科福之祸所依是谁说的2015诺贝尔文学奖武汉的意义法国西班牙分界线孙思邈写的书获得普利策奖和诺贝尔文学奖的唯一女作家狄更斯的小说晏殊的昨夜西风凋碧树中东地区矛盾冲突的原因二十四节气育明教育夏老师扣扣2017年英语翻译基础书目推荐1、庄绎传，《英汉翻译简明教程》。

北京：外语教学与研究出版社，2002。

2、叶子南，《高级英汉翻译理论与实践》。

北京：清华大学出版社，2001。

3、中国日报（China Daily）：英语点睛：新词新译4、王恩冕，《大学英汉翻译教程》，对外经济贸易大学出版社，第三版，2010。

2016年对外经济贸易大学翻译硕士考研真题，辅导讲义，考研参考书357英语翻译基础第一部分短语翻译加解释七个选五个翻译加解释E-Cbarries to entrycar poolingspecial drawing rightscurrent accountquotaexport credittertiary industryC-E全面二孩灵猫六国跨太平洋伙伴合作协定一带一路首次公开募股国际收支平衡表投资组合理论1第二部分E-C世界银行集团的风险管理C-E第一部分三个古文句子翻译1.百川汇海阔风正好扬帆（后半句不大确定了）2.同心合意，庶几有成3.急人之急，雪中送炭，是中国所推崇的处世之道第二部分，篇章翻译是关于RCEP的，貌似是李克强的一个讲话。

211翻译硕士英语单选20题考的基本上都是词义辨析改错10题不是很难阅读四篇第一篇用机器鸟赶鸽子T/F/NG第二篇关于学习英语的（FT中文网原文）四选一第三篇关于Creation的选headings的题目第四篇关于Uber的文章（没记错的话也是FT中文网的文章）选句子填空写作图表作文给了两个图，第一个是FDI的图，第二个China's trade with Georfia（记不清是不是这个国家了）通过这两个图标分析说明中国在这个地区建立自由贸易区的可行性。

2百科福之祸所依是谁说的2015诺贝尔文学奖武汉的意义法国西班牙分界线孙思邈写的书获得普利策奖和诺贝尔文学奖的唯一女作家狄更斯的小说晏殊的昨夜西风凋碧树中东地区矛盾冲突的原因二十四节气2017年英语翻译基础书目推荐1、庄绎传，《英汉翻译简明教程》。

北京：外语教学与研究出版社，2002。

2、叶子南，《高级英汉翻译理论与实践》。

北京：清华大学出版社，2001。

3、中国日报（China Daily）：英语点睛：新词新译4、王恩冕，《大学英汉翻译教程》，对外经济贸易大学出版社，第三版，2010。

5、金融时报官方网站：双语时评。

2016年外交学院外交学考研复习高分内部资料-历年真题汇总（育明教育）一、外交学院外交学专业历年考研真题（育明教育陈老师整理更新）2015年外交学院外交学专业考研专业课真题专业一：712政治学综合二一、名词解释（每个8分，共40分）1.民族主义2.政治主体3.政治决策4.政治参与5.政治心理二．简答题（每个15分，共60分）1.政治学学科的范围2.“政府四职能说”的内容3.体系论下政治领袖的责任4.政党与其他社会团体的区别三．论述题（每个25分，共50分）1.评价中国利益集团对中国地方政府的影响和作用，并谈谈你对现阶段利益集团的看法。

2.从政治发展和法治的关系，谈谈你对依法治国的理解。

（真题答案解析、考研课程可咨询外交学院考研咨询老师陈老师：伍四七.零六叁，捌六贰）育明教育2016年外交学院考研集训营开营时间：第一期7.17日，第二期：8.16日专业二：806外交学第一部分.外交学概论（80分）一、名词解释（每个6分，共30分）1.外交调研的手段和途径2.正式照会3.和平共处五项原则4.对等5.外交代表机关的职责二．论述题1.请结合党的十八大报告中有关多边外交的论述，分析当代外交实践中多边外交的作用。

（20分）2.请对外交决策这一概念予以解析，并请论述外交决策在外交工作中处于何种作用，及说明外交决策可以分成几个层次？（30分）第二部分/中国外交史（70分）三、名词解释1、万隆会议（6分）2、“一带一路”（6分）3、中缅谈判解决边界问题（8分）四、论述题1、请从目标、结果、影响等方面评价中国在巴黎和会上的外交（20分）2、有学者曾这样总结中国外交史60多年来的发展演进：从20世纪50年代到70年代，中国外交是“十年一变”。

但从80年代以来，“十年一变”的周期被打破，中国外交呈现出前所未有的稳定性和连续性。

请结合中国外交史的相关内容，就此谈谈你的看法。

（30分）2013年外交学院外交学专业考研专业课真题专业二：806外交学第一部分.外交学概论（80分）一、名词解释（每个6分，共30分）1、观察员2、主权平等原则3、临时代办4、正式照会5、中共中央外办二、论述题1、21世纪初中国外交外事工作特点（20分）2、外交谈判的定义、规则和程序、举例说明决定外交谈判结果的主要因素。

外交学院翻译硕士考研参考书是什么？外交学院翻译硕士参考书很多人都不清楚，这里凯程外交学院翻译硕士王牌老师给大家整理出来了，以供参考：英语:1、Bassnett, Susan.《翻译研究》Translation Studies, 外教社, 2004.2、Gentzler, Edwin.《当代翻译理论（第二版修订本）》Contemporary Translation Theories, 外教社,2004.3、马会娟、苗菊编.《当代西方翻译理论选读》, 外语教学与研究出版社,2009年。

4、Joan Pinkham 、姜桂华著：《中式英语之鉴》，外语教学与研究出版社，2000年。

5、庄绎传著：《英汉翻译简明教程》，外语教学与研究出版社，2002年。

6、叶子南著:《高级英汉翻译理论与实践》，清华大学出版社，2001年。

7、罗进德主编:《非文学翻译理论与实践》，中国对外翻译出版公司，2004年。

俄语:1､蔡毅等编：《俄译汉教程(增修本)》上册,外语教学与研究出版社,2006年。

2､周允､王承时编：《汉译俄教程》，外语教学与研究出版社，1981年。

3､吴克礼主编：《俄苏翻译理论流派述评》(下编)，上海外语教育出版社，2006年。

法语:1、许钧：《翻译论》，湖北教育出版社，2003年。

2、曹德明（总主编）：《全国翻译专业资格（水平）考试指定教材》（“法语笔译三级”和“法语笔译二级”的相关教材），外文出版社，2005年。

德语:1、刘宓庆：《当代翻译理论》，中国对外翻译出版公司，2001年。

2、刘宓庆：《文体与翻译》，中国对外翻译出版公司，1998年。

3、罗新璋编：《翻译论集》，商务印书馆，1984年。

4、Amman, M.: Grundlagen der modernen Translationstheorie. Heidelberg, 1989.5、Gerzymisch-Arbogast, H.: übersetzungswissenschaftliches Prop deutikum. Tübingen (Francke)1994.6、Koller, W.: Einführung in die übersetzungswissenschaft. 4. Auflage. Heidelberg (Quelle & Meyer) 1992.7、Nord, C.: Einführung in das funktionale übersetzen. Am Beispiel von Titeln und überschriften. Tübingen/Basel (Francke) 1993.8、Reiss, K.: Möglichkeiten und Grenzen der übersetzungskritik. Kategorien und Kriterien f ür eine sachgerechte Beurteilung von übersetzungen. München (Huber) 1986.9、Seleskovitch, D.: Der Konferenzdolmetscher. Heidelberg (Julius Groos) 1988.10、Snell-Hornby, M.(Hrsg.): Handbuch der Translation 2. Auflage.Tübingen (Stauffenburg) 1999.日语:1、许钧：《翻译概论》，外语教学与研究出版社，2009年3月。

2016年外交学院翻译硕士考研真题今年的题总体比较简单英语翻译基础缩略语有30个，政治、经济、科技都有涉及，但是今年出的比较简单，感觉还是跟时政，热词联系较多,每个缩略语后还有提示，就像QM（学科名词）这样的QM BBA AIIB UNSC HSBC CCTV(不是中央电视台)EFTA（国际组织）影子银行三严三实hedge fund英译汉有6小段，每段4-6行吧，内容是一个《卫报》的编辑写给《卫报》成立100周年的文章,开头第一句话是A hundred years is a long time; It’s a long time even……..汉译英是时文翻译，内容跟外交关系有关:(育明教育押中原题）翻译硕士英语第一题是20个单选题，主要考词汇辨析，但是今年没有很长很偏的词，最后两个单选就是给出一句话，让选择选项中与所给句子中标黑的单词的同义词。

第二题是改错，有10个，考试形式跟专八改错一样，但是比专八稍简单第三题是阅读，共6篇，总体比较简单，但是问题形式多样，有一般的选择，还有判断对错（Yes or No or Not Given）,多选，填文章主旨句，总之就是题型很多最后一题是作文，400词左右，写一下技术是怎样改变人们的交流方式和人际关系的。

汉语写作与百科知识今年这门科目变化挺大，但总体不难，第一题是30个选择，设计中国文化、文学、近代史（我觉得可能是因为今年是抗日战争胜利70周年，近代史的题有好几个），英美文学（主要是美国文学，但是题很少），还有跟时政有关的题，还有与朝鲜有关的题，是这样考的：新千年之际，朝韩实现了世纪握手，当时的朝韩总统是谁。

第二题是10个填空题，每个题不止一个空，全部是时政题，考了今年的矛盾文学奖、屠呦呦、达沃斯论坛及其主题、9.3阅兵、《三体》、波茨坦公告和联合国宣言……第三题是名词解释，有5个，新亚欧大陆桥、亚投行、一带一路、唯美主义、话本第四题是根据所给材料改写成通知，材料很短，就几行，改写的是关于开年度营销会的通知第五题是根据材料改写成报告，这篇比较长，材料是关于一家银行开投标会的流程报告。