Unit 5 重点词汇讲解及虚拟语气复习学案-高中英语人教版(2019)选择性必修第三册

人教版(2019)新教材高中英语必修第二册第五单元词汇学案UNIT FIVE1. classical [ˈklæsɪkl]: adj.古典(文艺)的; 经典的;传统的classic [ˈklæsɪk]: n. 经典作品;名著adj.传统的;最优秀的;典型的classical music: 古典音乐a classical movie : 经典影片1)This classical poem is hard to understand.2)He plays classical music, as well as pop and jazz.3)She studies classical literature, but also takes an interest in history.4)His son studied classical architecture and design in Rome.2. hip-hop [ˈhɪphɒp]: n. 嘻哈音乐; 嘻哈文化hip-hop music: 嘻哈音乐1)During the 1980s, hip-hop became popular all over the USA.2)Hip-hop music is popular around the world.3)Countries like France, Brazil and even Japan have their own hip-hop culture.嘻哈文化20世纪80年代开始流行于美国黑人青年中间,以说唱乐、涂鸦艺术为特征。

目前,嘻哈文化包含五大元素: DJ(打碟) MC(说唱)Graffiti(涂鸦) Breaking(街舞) Knowledge(知识，代表传承)3.techno [ˈteknəʊ ]: n. 泰克诺音乐(一种节奏快,通常无歌声相伴的音乐)1)I like techno music.2)Techno is a form of modern electronic music with a very fast beat. 4.energy [ˈenədʒɪ ]: n. 能量;能源;精力energetic [ˌenəˈdʒetɪk]: adj. 充满活力的;精力充沛的;积极的be full of energy: 精力充沛energetically [ˌenə'dʒetɪklɪ]: adv. 精力充沛地;积极地1)I like to listen to it when I exercise. It gives me energy.2)It’s a waste of time and energy.3)Our physics teacher is always full of energy.5. soul [səʊl]: n. 灵魂;心灵heart and soul: 全心全意1)This classical movie touched my heart/soul.2)We must serve the people heart and soul.3)Creativity is the soul of a nation.4)Knowledge is the food of the soul.5)The eye is the window of the soul.6. bagpipes [ˈbæɡpaɪps ]: n. 风笛play bagpipes: 吹风笛1)Bagpipes are a musical instrument that is traditionally played in Scotland. Theplayer blows air into a bag held under the arm and then slowly forcesthe air out through pipes to produce a noise.2)They’ll be drinking beer and pla ying bagpipes till dawn.7. stringed [ˈstrɪŋd ]: adj. 有弦的string [strɪŋ]: n. 弦; 绳索; 线stringed instrument: 弦乐器Violin is a stringed instrument.- 1 -8.virtual [ˈvɜːtʃuəl ]: adj.很接近的;事实上的;虚拟的choir [ˈkwaɪə(r)]: n.合唱团virtual choir: 虚拟合唱团1)Our headmaster will meet with the man who came up with the idea for a virtualchoir.2)The country was sliding into a state of virtual civil war.3)The players can compete in a virtual world of role playing.position [ˌkɒmpəˈzɪʃn]: n. 成分; (音乐/艺术/诗歌的)作品; 作文1)We will visit the place where he studied musical composition.2)There are many forms of musical composition.3)Your composition is very good except for some spelling mistakes.4)Scientists will study the composition of the soil.10. opportunity [ˌɒpəˈtju:nətɪ]: n. 机会;时机chance [tʃɑːns]: n. 机会; 机遇; 运气;可能性have an opportunity/a chance to do...: 有机会做什么have the opportunity to do.../of doing...: 有机会做什么1)Imagine having the opportunity to sing together with hundreds of other peoplewhile you are at home alone.2)Five years ago, he was finally given an opportunity to record his song at a studio.3)You must make use of any opportunity to practise English.4)We take this opportunity to express our thanks to you.11. perform [pə'fɔ:m]: v. 表演;演出; 做;履行;执行; 表现; 运行perform/do/make an experiment: 做实验perform well/badly/poorly: (人)表现好/差;(事物)运转好/不好1)Virtual choir members record themselves while they perform alone on video.2)The play was first performed in 1977.3)A computer can perform many difficult tasks.4)He performed badly/well in his exams.12.performance [pə'fɔ:məns]: n. 表演;演奏; 表现put on/give a performance: 上演; 演出1)Inspired, he asked his fans to make videos, which he then joined together intoone performance.2)On National Day, our class put on/gave a wonderful performance.3)His performance in the exams was exciting.13. performer [pəˈfɔ:mə(r)/ ]: n. 表演者; 演员actor: n. 男演员actress: n. 女演员1)The unknown performer performed very well, and her performance waspopular with the students．2)He is a world class performer.3) She’s one of the greatest stage performer.14.onto [ˈɒntə ]: prep. (朝)向; 到/在...上= on to1)These videos are uploaded onto the Internet, and then they are put together intoone video that you can see online—a virtual choir.2)Move the books onto the desk.- 2 -3)I will jump onto the back of the horse at once.15. studio ['stju:diəʊ]: n. (复数studios) 演播室; 录音棚;工作室video(videos) [ˈvɪdɪəʊ]: n. 录像(带); 录影; 视频1)You do not even need a studio.2)Of course they hope to make records in a studio and sell millions of copies tobecome millionaires!3) A large crowd was gathered outside the studio.16. ordinary [ˈɔ:dnri ]: adj. 普通的;平凡的ordinary/average/common people: 平民; 老百姓1)A virtual choir helps connect ordinary people together.2)Ever since, his success has shown the world that even ordinary people canbecome famous.3)That was just an ordinary weekend for us.17. enable [ɪˈneɪbl]: v. 使能够;使可能able: adj. 能;能够enable sb. to do...: 使某人能够做什么;使某人有机会做什么be able to do...: 能够做什么1)A virtual choir enables them to add their voices to those of other individuals andbecome part of the global community.2)Listening to music enables me to relax and forget about my problems.3)The software enables you to access the Internet in seconds. 4)The hot sun enables the rice to grow faster .18.prove [pruːv]: v. 证明; 展现; 证明是; 原来是; 结果是1)It has proved to be a positive influence on the lives of many people.2)This proves that all the effort she put into her work was worth it.3)The scientist proved his theory by doing experiments.4)The woman proved (to be) a good doctor.5)Your ideas proved (to be) wrong.19. award [ə‘wɔ:d]: n. 奖; 奖品; 奖金; 奖状(常用于奖项名称；官方的等)v. 授予; 判定reward: n. 奖励; 酬; 悬赏金(做好事、努力工作、帮助找犯人/东西)to win/receive/get an award for sth: 因...赢得/得到/获得奖励/奖金1)My favourite singer just won a music award.2)Her uncle won the best actor award.3)Every term our school awards scholarships to the excellent students.4)The woman was awarded damages(赔偿金) of 2,800,000 dollars.20. composer [kəmˈpəʊzə(r) ]: n. 作曲者;作曲家compose : v. 作曲; 创作composition: n. 成分; 作品; 作曲; 创作; 作文1)Who is the composer of the song?2)She began to compose songs at an early age.21.conductor [kənˈdʌktə(r) ]: n. (乐队/合唱团等的)指挥; (公共汽车的)售票员1)The virtual choir was the idea of award-winning composer and conductor EricWhitacre.- 3 -2)Who is the conductor of tonight’s concert?22. fall in love with...: 爱上(强调动作)be in love with...: 爱上(强调状态)1)He fell in love with Mozart’s classical music when he sang for the university choir.2)She fell in love with her boss last year.3)They have been in love with each other for ten years.23.original [əˈrɪdʒənl ]: n. 原件;原作adj. 原来的;独创的;原作的originally: adv. 原来;起初origin [ˈɒrɪdʒɪn]: n. 起源;源头; 身世1)Ove r the next 10 years, Whitacre’s original compositions began to become quitepopular among choirs and singers.2)This building has been returned to the original owner.3)The original painting is now worth 200,000,000 dollars.4)This painting is a copy. The original is in the art museum.24. phenomenon [fəˈnɒmɪnən ]: n. (复数phenomena)现象cultural/natural/social phenomena：文化/自然/社会现象1)Since then, the virtual choir has become a worldwide phenomenon.2)The picture describes a very common phenomenon in our society.3)This is a natural phenomenon that happens about once a century.25.stage [steɪdʒ]: n.(发展或进展的)时期; 阶段; 舞台1)Whitacre’s next effort was the Virtual Youth Choir for UNICEF, which was firstseen on stage on 23 July 2014 in the UK.2)His wife used to be an actress, but she said goodbye to the stage when they married.3)Chin a’s high-speed railway industry has entered a rapid growing stage ofdevelopment.stage作先行词,在定语从句中作地点状语,引导词用where:We have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all.26. altogether [ˌɔːltəˈɡeðə(r) ]: adv. (用以强调)全部;总共;总之together [təˈɡeðə(r)]: adv. 在一起; 共同1)Altogether, 2,292 young people from 80 countrie s joined in to sing Whitacre’ssong “What If”.2)The plane went slower and slower until it stopped altogether.3)I am not altogether happy about the plan.4)You have lent me 1000 euros altogether.5)The food was good and we loved the music. Altogether it was a great evening. 27. thus [ðʌs]: adv. 如此;因此;所以;于是so: conj. 因此;所以therefore[ˈðeəfɔː(r)]: adv. 因此;所以1)The virtual choir is a wonderful way for people around the world to sing withone voice and thus make the world a better place.2)Most of the evidence is destroyed. Thus, it’s impossible to prove that the drug isharmful.3)She wants to enter a key university. Thus/Therefore, she studies harder and harder.4)He doesn’t live here. Thus(,) I think he has parted(分开) with his wife.5)He doesn’t live here, so I think he has parted with the woman.28.band [bænd]: n. 乐队;带子- 4 -1)Last nigh t I went to see my friend’s new rock band perform on stage at a smalllocal music festival.2)Local bands provide music for the concert.3)She often uses a rubber band to tie her hair.29. rap [ræp]: n. 快速敲击;说唱音乐v. 敲击;(说唱歌中的)念白tap [tæp]：v. 轻打; 轻拍; 轻敲tap on/at...: 轻敲...rap on...: 敲...knock on/at...: 敲(门/窗等)1)I fell in love with rap music when I was a teenager.2)There was a sharp rap on the door.3)She rapped angrily on the door.4)The kids of the band not only rapped but also sang.30.nowadays [ˈnaʊədeɪz]: adv. 现在;目前≈ now ≈ at present ≈ at the present time1)Nowadays millions of musical performances are uploaded into the Internetevery day.2)Nowadays most kids prefer playing games to reading books.3)Nowadays a lot of people work from home.31. gradual ['ɡrædʒʊəl]: adj. 逐渐的;渐进的gradually: adv. 逐渐地;逐步地1)There has been a gradual increase in the number of people who own cars.2)They expect a gradual improvement in sales of new cars.3)Gradually, the students began to understand the importance of study. 32. capable [ˈkeɪpəbl]: adj. 有能力的;有才能的capability [ˌkeɪpəˈbɪləti]: n. 能力;才能incapable : adj. 没有能力的able: adj. 能够; 有才能的unable: adj. 没有能力的ability: n. 能力;才能be capable of sth./doing...: 有能力/才能(做)什么be able to do...: 能够做什么1)She’s a capable/an able teacher/doctor.2)My father is a strong, capable man.3)The man is capable of doing everything.4) Every student in Class 29 is capable of passing the exam.33. relief [rɪˈli:f]: n. (焦虑/痛苦的)减轻或消除; (不快过后的)宽慰/轻松/解脱a sense of relief: 解脱感in relief : 如释重负;松了口气to one’s relief : 令人感到欣慰的是...1)News of their safety came as a great relief.2)I felt a great relief when l heard I had passed the driving test.3)To my relief, the car was not damaged.to one’s sorrow/joy/pleasure/delight/surprise/amazement/excitement/ regret/ anger/disappointment/shame/relief…= to the sorrow of sb:使某人悲痛/高兴/惊奇/兴奋/遗憾/气愤/失望/羞愧/欣慰的是…(使某人很…的是：在to 前加much/quite 或者名词前加great)- 5 -特别注意: to one’s 后的词是不可数名词。

Ⅰ.重点词汇1．swell v i. (swelled, swollen) 膨胀；肿胀→swollen adj. (身体部位)肿起的；肿胀的be swollen from 因……而肿胀swell up 膨胀；肿胀2．ease v t. 减轻；缓解v i.& v t. 使容易；使顺利n．容易；舒适；自在→easement n. 安逸；安乐ease down 减(速)ease up/off (在程度、速度、强度等上)减轻；放松at (one's) ease 舒适；自由自在；无拘无束put sb. at (one's) ease 使舒适；使自在；使不受拘束ill at ease 局促不安3．swallow v t.& v i. 吞下；咽下swallow up 吞没，耗尽，吞并，侵吞swallow one's words 承认说错了话4．wrap v t. 包、裹；(用手臂等)围住wrap sth. around sb./sth. 用……包裹，裹身wrap sb. in sth. 把……包在……里wrap up 穿得暖和wrap sth. up 把某物包起来be wrapped up in sb./sth. 专心致志于；全神贯注于；完全沉浸于5．slip v i. 滑倒；滑落；溜走n. 滑倒；小错误；纸条slip down 滑倒；失足slip out of 溜出去slip of the pen 笔误slip of the tongue 口误6．delay v i.& v t. 推迟；延期(做某事)v t. 耽误；耽搁n. 延误；耽搁(的时间)；推迟delay doing sth. 推迟做某事delay for 耽搁多长时间delay sb. for some time 耽搁某人多长时间delay in 把某事耽搁7．scream v i.& v t. (因愤怒或恐惧)高声喊；大声叫n. 尖叫；尖锐刺耳的声音scream (out) at 对……大叫大嚷；责备scream (out) for 为了……尖声地叫喊；强烈要求scream with 因……而大喊大叫8．choke v i.& v t. (使)窒息；(使)哽咽choke on (因喉咙有异物而)哽咽，窒息choke with (尤指感情激动而)说不出话来，使哽咽choke up 因感情冲动说不出话来9．desperate adj. 绝望的；孤注一掷的；非常需要的desperate for sth. 极想；渴望某事/某物desperate to do sth. 极想；渴望做某事10．grab v t. 抓住；攫取n. 抓取；抢夺grab at/for (试图)抓住，夺得grab up 把……抓起grab sb.'s attention 引起某人的注意make a grab at/for 试图抓住11．justify v t. 证明……有道理；为……辩护；有……的正当理由→justified adj. (做某事)有正当理由的；事出有因；合乎情理justify doing sth. 为……辩护；证明……有道理justify sb./oneself/sth. by 以……证明……是正当的justify sb./oneself/sth. in 证明……是正当的justify sth./oneself to sb. 向(某人)证明……是对的；向(某人)进行解释justified in doing sth. (做某事)有正当理由的12．collapse v i. (突然)倒塌；(因病等)昏倒collapse from 由于……而倒塌/昏倒collapse under 被……所压塌13．out of shape 健康状况不好out of order 令人无法接受的；不得体的；(机器、设备等)出故障，有毛病out of date adj. 过时的；失效的；过期的out of touch 不联系；不接触out of the question 不可能；办不到out of work 失业的；下岗的out of step 不同步，不一致Ⅱ.教材原句1．It also helps control your body temperature, prevents your body from losing too much water, warns you when things are too hot or cold, and gives you your sense of touch.(教材P50)它还有助于控制你的体温，防止你的身体失去太多的水，通过触觉警告你接触的东西太热或太冷。