2012届高考英语二轮复习精品学案(课标版)第1部分 单项填空 专题8 情态动词与虚拟语气

专题六介词与介词短语专题导读介词主要考查近义词的用法区别、介词的特定含义、介词和连词易混淆的项目、介词的固定用法等。

在2010、2011两年全国各地高考试题中，都涉及介词的考查，不仅在单项填空中进行考查，在短文改错题中，对于介词的有无、介词与其他词的固定搭配的考查尤为频繁。

近几年高考对介词以及介词短语的考查主要集中在以下几点：1.介词或介词短语辨析；2.意义相同或相近，但使用范围不同的介词；3.介词与某些名词、形容词和动词的各种搭配形式。

介词的用法非常普遍，它关系到句子的上下衔接，所以以后的高考题中介词仍然是一个考查热点。

技巧点拨：介词是英语中比较活跃的词，中学阶段所学的介词有40多个。

它与名词、形容词、副词和动词等构成搭配时用法灵活，意义丰富。

搭配比较活跃的介词主要有in，out，up，down，on，off，to，from，for，over，with等。

预测今后高考对介词的考查将以介词的固定短语和介词辨析为主。

在学习介词时，应重点掌握介词的基本用法，同时注意总结其与名词、形容词、副词、动词等搭配构成的短语的意思和用法。

真题典例【解析】B句意：这家商店将关门维修，直到下次通知。

考查介词辨析。

until 直到……时，到……为止。

（）1. ［2011·全国卷Ⅱ］This shop will be closed for repairs ________ further notice.A．with B．until C．for D．at（）2. ［2011·北京卷］With new technology, pictures of underwater valleys can be taken ________ color.A．by B．For C．with D．in【解析】D句意：利用新的科技，水下河谷的照片能被拍摄成彩色。

考查介词辨析。

介词in表示（手段、方法、材料）“用，以”，此处color意为“彩色”。

2012年高考英语二轮复习语法专题精品学案：句子结构及成分一. 陈述句, 疑问句, 祈使句, 感叹句句子按用途可分四种：1）陈述句（肯定、否定）：He is six years old; She didn‟t hear of you before.2）疑问句（一般、特殊、选择、反意）：Do they like skating? How old is he? Is he six or seven years old?Mary can swim, can‟t she?3）祈使句：表示命令或者请求. 又叫无主句，主语通常为you,省略.Be careful, boys; Don‟t talk in class4）感叹句：how 后面加上的是形容词副词.what后面加上的是名词.How clever the boy is! What a clever boy he is!简单句、并列句和复合句句子按结构可分为简单句、并列句和复合句。

1）简单句：只有一个主语（或并列主语）和一个谓语（或并列谓语）。

e.g. He often reads English in the morning.Tom and Mike are American boys.She likes drawing and often draws pictures for the wall newspapers.（划线部分为并列谓语，只有一个主语，仍为简单句。

）2) 并列句：由并列连词（and, but, or等）或分号（；）把两个或两个以上的简单句连在一起构成。

要注意哟,逗号是不可以连接句子的,这一点和汉语不同.e.g. You help him and he helps you.The future is bright; the road is tortuous. 前途是光明的，道路是曲折的。

1、表示连接两个同等概念，常用and, not only…but also…, neither…nor…, then等连接。

2012全国卷（新课标版）第二部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

例：It is generally considered unwise to give a child he or she wants.A. howeverB. whateverC. whicheverD. whenever答案是B。

21. —Which one of these do you want?—. Either will do.A. I don't mindB. I'm sureC. No problemD. Go ahead【参考答案】A【考查内容】情景交际【解析思路】--你想要这些中的哪一个？--我不介意，都可以。

22. Sarah looked at finished painting with satisfaction.A. 不填; aB. a; theC. the; 不填D. the; a【参考答案】C【考查内容】冠词【解析思路】第一个是特指完成的画，第二个是相当于副词，满意地。

23. "Life is like walking in the snow", Granny used to say," because every step .A. has shownB. is showingC. showsD. showed【参考答案】C【考查内容】一般现在时【解析思路】每一步都留下痕迹，讲的是一般情况。

24. It is by no means clear the president can do to end the strike.A. howB. whichC. thatD. what【参考答案】D【考查内容】主语从句【解析思路】后面从句缺少宾语。

2012届高考英语Unit 1精讲复习教案2012届高考英语Unit1精讲复习教案Unit1 FestivalsarundtherldⅠ重点单词聚焦．Telebratedthe________ftheNeearithapartfrhisfriends答案：arrival2．Ian________nvininginfratinfrpaper答案：gathering3．Theentralgvernenthasadeaseriesf________pliiestenuragefar erstrtheland答案：agriultural4．Undertheleadershipfurpart，efinallgt________frthetheruntries答案：independene5．Nneistseetheduentithutthe________ftheriterfthereprt 答案：perissin6．I’veadeupind，butit’s________thatuneedretietthinitver 答案：bvius7．Tgetthebdne，neshuldbe________andhard&sh;ring 答案：energeti8．Iusedt________hiasatruesientistandhardrer答案：adire9．u’dbetter________tarfrhavingeptheraitingfrhursutside 答案：aplgize0．Iuldunderstandherbeingangr，butI’llstillnever________hertheashetreatedeafterards答案：frgiveⅡ重点短语扫描．plae发生2．dress化装；打扮3．lt期望，期待，盼望4．as好像5．paring停车场6．ne’srd守信用；履行诺言出发；动身；使爆炸 8．inf为纪念……9．atri欺骗，开玩笑taeupfrardthughlteepfferpla0．danight日夜；昼夜；整天 1．havefun玩得开心出现；到场3．ne’sbreath屏息；屏气4．reind使……想起……andithuphldfⅢ课文原句突破．在当时，如果食物难以找到，人们就会挨饿，特别是在寒冷的冬季。

2012届高考英语二轮专题复习经典导学案资料（八十二）每日一句The football team got there ahead of schedule so as to get familiar with the awful weather and food as soon as possible.足球队提前到达那里以便尽快熟悉那里糟糕的天气和食物。

基础词汇强化练习1. We saw pictures of e________ birds from the jungle of Brazil.2. This map is drawn to a s________ of 1 inch to 50 miles.3. In dealing with public relations, we should make every effort to prevent the c________ inpersonality.4. Whenever in trouble, he would a________ to me for help.5. The man l________ a bucket into the well to get some water.6. I________ is needed to make crops grow in dry areas.7. The sports meet was p________ because of rain.8. Scientists think that birds probably e________ from reptiles.9. He’ll a________ the label to your luggage.10. Take care with these wine glasses—they’re very d________.exotic scale conflict appeal lowered Irrigation postponed evolved attach delicate书面表达经典句式强化记忆244. The point is... 重点/关键是…….The point is that you have to keep your promise to help her with her English.关键是你得遵守诺言,帮她学习英语.245. The problem / question is that / whether... 问题是…….1) The problem now is that we're locked out of the house. 现在的问题是我们被锁在门外了.2) The question is whether they will be able to help us. 问题是他们能否帮助我们.246. The reason why... is...…的原因就是…….The reason why he made such a great achievement is his perseverance.他之所以取得如此伟大的成就,原因是他坚持不懈.书面表达经典朗读素材True Beauty(真正的美)Everyone is attracted by beauty and beauty is powerful. But what is true beauty? Perhaps you can get the answer from the following story.This morning I went to the market to buy some vegetables with my parents. On the way we all highly praised a young man in western-style clothes and leather shoes who was riding by. But he rode so fast that he knocked an old lady down carelessly.Instead of stopping, he pretended not to see this and rode away quickly. We were all very angry with the young man. To our happiness, a girl in plain dress ran forward at once, helped the lady up and took her home. We all praised the girl.From this we know we cannot judge a person by his appearance. A person who is dressedbeautifully may not have a beautiful soul. Only a person who has a beautiful soul is really beautiful.经典谚语积累Cannot see the wood for the trees. 一叶障目，不见泰山。

情态动词主要用来表示说话人的情感、态度等，是中学英语语法的重点，也是高考的热点，是单项填空必考的一个知识点。

情态动词在近五年高考中主要考查四点：情态动词表示推测和可能性的用法；情态动词与虚拟语气；情态动词表达“情感、态度、语气等”；情态动词表示“必要性”等方面的用法。

虚拟语气的考点主要集中在名词性从句、条件句中的用法，以及错综条件句中虚拟语气的应用。

一、情态动词表推测的用法实用文档体事实的判断may be ourheadmaster.A: It can’tbe him. Hehas gone toShanghai. B:It must beMr. Wang.He lookslike ourheadmaster.②That maynot be true.③Hecouldn'thavediscoveredthe truth.must/may/might/can/couldhave done实用文档注意：should (ought to)表示推测是高考考查的重点和难点。

如：—When can I come for the photos？I need them tomorrow afternoon.—They ________ be ready by 12：00.A．can B．should C．might D．need【解析】B A项表示推测时常用于否定句和疑问句中。

C项表示推测语气不太肯定。

should意为“按理说，理应”，既回答了顾客的询问，不失礼貌，又为照片有可能尚未洗好，顾客到时取不到留下了回旋的余地，体现了店主的精明与用词经过仔细推敲。

实用文档二、情态动词的其他用法1．can, could, may, might实用文档。

2.must, should实用文档实用文档3. need, dare实用文档4.shall/will/would实用文档4.shall/will/would4.shall/will/would 实用文档二、情态动词＋have done实用文档实用文档四、虚拟语气虚拟语气表示说话人所说的话不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。

2011—2012学年度下学期高三二轮复习 英语综合验收试题（5）【新课标】 本试卷分为第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。

共150分，考试时间120分钟。

第I卷（）第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共5 小题；每小题 1．5 分，满分 7．5 分） 听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

．What can we lea from the conversation? A．The woman wished she had gone to sleep erlier． B．The woman missed the beginning of the program． C．The woman fell asleep before the program ended．．What does the man mean? A．Neither football game is good． B．Both of the football games are good． C．The football game they are watching is better than the one they watched last night．What type of movie are the two speakers going to see? A．A horror movie．B．A humorous movie．C．An action movie．What does the woman mean? A．She thinks salary is more important than interestB．She thinks salary is as important as interest． C．She thinks interest is more important than salary．5．Which of the following is true? A．The man wants to a seat for his companion． B．The woman takes the seat at last． C．The man doesn’t allow the woman to take the seat． 第二节（共15小题；每小题1．5分，满分22．5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。

第一部分单项填空考纲解读单项填空也就是高考英语试卷中的“语法和词汇知识”项目。

单从这个概念上讲，它包括语法和词汇两方面的内容，但是近几年来，情景交际也在考查范围内。

分析最近几年的词汇考查，我们发现，试题在考查范围比较广的前提下侧重考查了动词以及动词短语。

对于词汇的考查也不是从规则的角度，而是本着“突出语境、重在运用、符合表达、体现能力”的原则。

所考查的名词、动词、形容词、副词等意义区别较大,考生不仅要从使用范畴上进行区别,而且要在掌握语言情境的前提下,分析四个选项的意思，然后选出符合语境的答案。

在这一点上，我们可以说，单项填空的词汇考查部分实际上是微型的完形填空。

语法部分考查最多的是动词时态及语态、非谓语动词、情态动词、定语从句、名词性从句、状语从句、情景交际。

最近几年虚拟语气、强调句型、倒装、省略句等在高考中也偶尔出现，这充分体现了试题的“稳中求变”的思想。

无论是词汇考查，还是语法考查，最近几年的单项填空都充分体现了具体情境下的语言运用，因此掌握一定的文化背景并揣摩说话人的意图成了解决单项填空题的关键。

命题分析分析最近几年，尤其是2010、2011两年的高考试题，我们发现其命题特色是：1．考点覆盖全面全国卷及各省（市）自主命题试卷中的15个小题基本上覆盖了交际用语、冠词、动词时态和语态、动词（短语）辨析、非谓语动词、情态动词、代词、形容词和副词、介词以及复合句等主要项目。

2．测试重点突出在基本覆盖主要语法知识要点的前提下，多数试题突出了对动词、形容词、副词等实词以及从句的考查。

把动词作为词汇和语法知识的测试重点是高考英语命题的一贯原则。

这一点今后还将坚持下去，因此我们在复习的过程中要重视和加强对动词的复习。

3．课标色彩鲜明新课标最突出的特色是词汇量由原来的2200个词增加到3500个，在单项填空的15个小题中，新课标八级词汇出现得比较多。

这些词汇有的是选择的答案，有的是干扰项。

因此，考生必须熟记3500个词汇。

2012届高考英语二轮专题复习经典导学案资料（九十九）每日一句Though the boss approved of this project, it had to be abandoned mainly because the firm was short of extra finance.尽管老板同意了这个项目，但由于公司缺乏资金，项目还是胎死腹中。

基础词汇强化练习1. Your ________ (发音)of the English word is wrong .2. Children usually prefer playing games _____(在户外).3. One of my ______(侄子) will come to visit us next summer holiday.4. Though he‘d never been there before, the house looked ____(熟悉).5. The soldiers fought _____(勇敢地) in many battles and gained respect.6. It is a wonderful _____(感觉) to be back home again.7. Money has been_____(流动) into the country from western aid agencies.8.Kate was standing at the top of the _____(楼梯)，smiling at me.9.Let me _____(介绍) myself; my name is Catherine.10.The _____(习俗) of naming women after flowers is becoming less common.1. pronunciation2.outdoors3.nephews4.familiar5.bravely6. feeling7.flowing8.stairs9.introduce 10.custom书面表达经典句式强化记忆295. You should make an effort to... 你应该努力…….You should make an effort to improve your reading comprehension.你应该努力提高你的阅读能力.296. You should make good use of... 你应该充分利用…….You should make good use of your spare time to practice English.你应该充分利用空余时间操练英语.297. You should never... 你绝不应该…….You should never flap about. What is needed is your solid action.你绝不应该讲空话,需要的是你的实际行动. [ flap about:(俚)讲空话;闲聊]书面表达经典朗读素材Life in the City and in the Country-城乡生活I have lived in this city for two years, but before that I lived with my family in a village about a hundred miles away from here. life is very different in the two places, but there are things that I like about each of them.In the country it is quiet and beautiful since there are not many people. The air is clean, and there is beautiful scenery all around. The people who live in the country seem friendly and helpful to their neighbors. The cost of living is low there, because food is usually cheap. I like living in the city, too. In the city there are interesting things to do all the time. People have a big choice of activities. There is a wide selection of movies, and most of the theatres are good. Everything is convenient here, since in the city you live close to grocery stores and schools. Traffic is efficient with regular schedules, so it is easy to get from one place to another.I was happy in the country, but there are good chances for work and study in the city, so I will probably stay here for a period of time and there for another period of time.经典谚语积累Fact speak louder than words. 事实胜于雄辩。

2012届高考英语二轮专题复习经典导学案资料（五十七）每日一句By contrast, before signing the contract, this university student didn’t contact his parents but make contact with his new colleague.相反，在签署合同之前，这个大学生没有联系他的父母而是联系了他的新同事。

基础词汇强化练习1. A _______(广泛传播的)flu epidemic affected eighteen western states.2. There has been serious _______(分歧) between the two political over the question.3. He couldn’t stand terrible English ________(气候).4. The population had ________(减少) from about 8,300,000 in 1845 to less than 6,600,000in 1851.5. The _______(平均数)of 3, 6and 9 is6.6. A child who can remember 3000 English words at the age of 3 would be called an unusual p_______.7. The food was enough in q______, but not very good in quality,8. Though he is less than one year old, he is strong enough to walk s______.9. The tsunamis(海啸) smashing into India Ocean coastlines, which killed 125,000 people in 12different countries was a terrible c________.10. In c_____ of a terrible earthquake the whole city was destroyed.1.widespread2.disagreement3.climate4.decrease5.average6.phenomenon7.quantity8.steadily 9.catastrophe 10.consequence书面表达经典句式强化记忆169. It didn't /won't take long before... 没多久坏需要多久……就…….It didn't take long before he got used to life abroad. 没多久他就适应了国外的生活.170. It is easier to... than to.......比.....容易.It is easier to buy a car than to keep one. 买车容易养车难.171. It is easy enough to...……相当容易.It is easy enough to copy and paste; but you should write something by yourself.抄袭(复制十粘贴)非常容易,但是你应该自己写一些东西.书面表达经典朗读素材The Key to SuccessEveryone gets the itch to succeed, but only part of them can make their dreams come true. You maybe wonder: what is the key to success? The answer is “To keep the desire to learn”.Keep the desire to learn, and you will never be satisfied with what you have known. Always keep a curious mind to all the mysterious parts of the world. Keep the desire to learn, and whatever difficulties you face, the strong belief will support you in solving the problems. Keep the desire to learn, just a s Ms Curie puts it: “Nothing in the world is to be feared, it is only to be understand.” So everything is possible if we try our best and never give up.One who does not have the desire to learn will never reach their goals. They are always shortsighted and are easily be satisfied with the very little thing they have known. In fact, knowledge, just like the ocean, never has a rim. Whenever and wherever you are, you should remember: what you are learning is only the surface.In a word, always keep the desire to learn, and the door of success will open to you one day.经典谚语积累A light heart lives long. 静以修身。

2012届高考英语二轮专题复习经典导学案资料（六十七）每日一句In order to remain in existence, any insurance company must, in the long run, produce the goods that consumers consider useful and that enable them to reduce the loss. 任何保险公司若要长期生存，都必须提供消费者认为有用的能减轻他们损失的产品。

基础词汇强化练习1. Every one of us should try our best to help people with ____________.(伤残)2. The newcomers who aren’t familiar with their job need advice and __________(帮助).3. Li Hua was my only Chinese _______________(同伴)during my stay in Austria.4. He was __________ (伤残) in the car accident.5. An English girl will feel ____________(窘迫) when you ask how old she is.6. You shouldn’t ______________(嫉妒) him his success.7. The railway lines run p_____________ to the road, so they will never meet.8. Reading o_________ most of my spare time.9. By now, he has formed the h______ of doing some reading before going to bed.10. The r_____ he gave for his c_____ in the exam was simple.11. This song sounds f________ to me. I must have heard it sung somewhere before.12. Don't be shy. If you have some questions, you must be b________ enough to speak it out in public.13. As a well-e________ person, it's hard for us to imagine that she treat the boy with such ________(残忍).1. disabilities2. assistance3. companion4. disabled5. embarrassed6. envy7. parallel8. occupied9. habit 10. reason, cheat 11. familiar 12. brave 13. educated, cruelty书面表达经典句式强化记忆199. It's not /just like sb. to do sth.……的行为不/正像某人的一贯作风.It's not like Jim to be late for class. He regards time as the most important thing in life.上课迟到不像吉姆的一贯作风,他把时间看作是生命中最重要的.200. It's a bad habit to...……是一个坏习惯.It's a bad habit to put off things until the last minute. 把事情拖到最后一刻才做是个坏习惯.201. It's a great pleasure to...……(感到)非常愉快.It's a great pleasure to do business with you. 跟你做生意我感到非常愉快.书面表达经典朗读素材欢迎新同学(Welcoming a New Comer)Dear Alice,It is a great pleasure to welcome you to our class.It is said that you have been studying in an English-Chinese bilingual① school since your early years, so you speak both English and Chinese well. Therefore, I think you will surely keep pace with②us classmates in your studies.Ours is an excellent class. All the classmates are united as one in whatever wedo. All of us work hard at our studies, help each other in everything, and learn from each other the strong points.After you come to our class, we can learn from you in English studies. I hope you will help us with it. And we can help you in overcoming all the difficulties that you will meet.Let us get together for a common goal in our school life in the coming years. Meanwhile, if there is anything I can do for you, just let me know.Yours truly,Li Yang经典谚语积累Learn not and know not. 不学无术。