2018-2019年北京市昌平区高三上英语期末试卷+答案

昌平区2018-2019学年第一学期高三年级期末质量抽测英语本试卷共10页，共120分。

考试时长100分钟。

考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。

考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分：知识运用(共两节，45分)第一节（共10小题；每小题 1.5分，共15分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。

在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

AOne of my favourite 1 (hobby) is hiking. When I go hiking, I will wearproper clothing and hiking shoes for the current weather conditions. And I will let myfamily and friends know where I will go and when I will return. Also, I will carry acompass and GPS unit, 2 can guide me and locate my position. What’s more,I will take enough food and water 3 (keep) me energetic, and emergencysupplies to survive dangerous situations.BWe are calling on people around the world to create a “Million Acts of Blue”actions to push retailers, corporations and businesses to reduce single-use plastic. Thatis, we are going to take actions to deal with the current plastic pollution. Every actionto reduce single-use plastics 4 (send) a message to the industry that it’s time to change. We can no longer allow products that 5 (use) for a few seconds t opollute 6 (we) planet for a lifetime.CMore Chinese senior citizens 7 (become) active users of WeChat in recentyears, according to a recent study. The study aims to learn about the digital life of peopleabove the age of 55. The report showed that elderly users spend around 1.37 hours8 WeChat every day and have 104 WeChat friends on average. The report said 50.3percent of elderly users learned how to use WeChat from their children or grandchildren,9 (suggest) that family members should be more 10 (patience) when theyintroduce new technology to elderly people.第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题 1.5分，共30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

绝密★启用前北京市昌平区2018-2019学年高三英语第一学期期末试卷试卷副标题注意事项：1．答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息 2．请将答案正确填写在答题卡上第I 卷（选择题)请点击修改第I 卷的文字说明 一、完形填空It was a cold day, and I had no desire to drive up the winding mountain road to my daughter Carolyn’s house. But she had insisted that I come to see something at the ________ of the mountain.So here I was ________ to make the two-hour journey through ________. By the time I saw how thick it was near the top, I’d gone too far to turn back.“I’ll stay for lunch, but I’m heading back down as soon as the fog lifts,” I ________ when I arrived.“But I need you to drive me to the garage to pick up my car,” Carolyn said. “Could we at least do that?”“How ________?” I asked.“About three minutes,” she said. “I’ll drive—I’m used to it.”After ten minutes on the mountain road, I looked at her ________. “I thought you said three minutes.”She smiled. “This is a different route.”Turning down a narrow track, we parked the car and ________ out. We walked along a path that was thick with old pine needles. Huge black-green pines ________over us. Gradually, the peace and silence of the place began to ________ my mind. When we stopped, I took a deep breath in _______.From the top of the mountain were rivers of flowers in bloom. A mix of _____from white to试卷第2页，总12页lemon to red — unfolded like a carpet before us. At the center was a waterfall of purple flowers and here and there were coral-colored ones. And western bluebirds flew ________ the heads of the flowers happily.A series of ________ came to my mind. Who created such beauty? How? When?As we approached home, we saw a sign that read: “I ________ Answers to Your Questions.” The first answer was: “One Woman—Two Hands, Two Feet, and Very Little Brain.” The second was: “One at a Time.” The third: “________ in 1958.”As we drove home, I was so ________ by what we had seen, I could hardly speak. “She changed the world,” I ________ said, “one flower at a time. She took her first step almost 60 years ago, probably just the beginning of an idea, but she kept at it.”“Imagine,” I said, “if I’d had a(n) ________ like her and worked at it, just a little bit every day, what might I have ________?”Carolyn looked at me, smiling. “Start tomorrow,” she said. “ ________ yet, start today.” 1．A ．back B ．bottom C ．top D ．corner 2．A ．unwilling B ．unable C ．unlucky D ．unfit 3．A ．rain B ．snow C ．storm D ．fog4．A ．announced B ．criticized C ．suggested D ．complained 5．A ．much B ．many C ．fast D ．far6．A ．excitedly B ．calmly C ．nervously D ．anxiously 7．A ．checked B ．looked C ．got D ．dropped 8．A ．floated B ．streamed C ．towered D ．skipped 9．A ．empty B ．fill C ．disturb D ．control10．A ．embarrassment B ．amazement C ．disappointment D ．amusement 11．A ．materials B ．patterns C ．colors D ．shapes 12．A ．over B ．through C ．within D ．along13．A ．predictions B ．decisions C ．imaginations D ．questions 14．A ．Understand B ．Know C ．Doubt D ．Forget 15．A ．Started B ．Continued C ．Finished D ．Quitted 16．A ．troubled B ．moved C ．encouraged D ．confused 17．A ．frankly B ．seriously C ．frequently D ．finally 18．A ．promise B ．story C ．idea D ．challenge 19．A ．gained B ．required C ．regretted D ．remembered20．A ．more B ．better C ．harder D ．later 二、阅读理解One day a woman was walking down the street when she saw a beggar sitting on the corner. As he sat there, passers-by walked by him giving him dirty looks. But when she saw him, the woman was willing to help him.She stopped and looked down, asking him whether he was all right. The man slowly looked up. This was a woman clearly used to the finer things of life. She looked like that she had never missed a meal in her life. His first thought was that she wanted to make fun of him, like so many others had done before. “Leave me alone,” he said angrily.To his surprise, the woman continued standing and smiled. “Are you hungry?” she a sked. "No," he answered. "I've just come from dining with the president. Now go away."The woman's smile became even broader. Suddenly the man felt a gentle hand under his arm. "What are you doing, lady?" the man asked angrily. "I said to leave me alone." However, the woman insisted on getting him something to eat in the restaurant across the street. She even asked a passer-by to help grab his other arm and lift him up. Finally, Jack was taken into the restaurant. The woman explained to the manager that she would buy him something to eat. "Not in here!" the manager replied angrily. "Having a person like that here is bad for business." Old Jack smiled. "See, lady. I told you so. Can I leave now?"The woman turned to the manager and smiled. "Sir, are you familiar with E&A, the banking firm down the street?""Of course I am," the manager answered impatiently. "They hold their weekly meetings in one of my banquet rooms.""And do you make a good profit from that?" "It’s none of your business.""I am Penelope Eddy, CEO of the company."21．When the beggar first saw the woman, he thought _______. A ．she would laugh at him B ．she would have meals with him C ．she might be fond of him试卷第4页，总12页D ．she wanted to give him a hand22．The beggar mentioned his dining with the president to _______. A ．show his pride B ．prove he was full C ．refuse the woman D ．pretend to be rich23．What did the manager probably feel after hearing what the woman said? A ．Satisfied. B ．Embarrassed. C ．Excited. D ．Disappointed.24．From the article we can know the woman was _______. A ．kind and honest B ．helpful and generous C ．funny and warm-hearted D ．modest and hard-workingDisney Lover’s Gift GuideWant to win the holidays? These unbelievable Disney experiences will become magical gifts sure to impress every Disney fan in your life. Meet Mickey and MinnieNot only are Disney ocean trips filled with on-board fun and excellent ports, making them a perfect present, but as soon as you book a Disney ocean trip as a gift, you can schedule a special holiday phone call from Mickey and Minnie to surprise your gift receiver with the news about their special vacation present. Add even more holiday spirit with seasonally themed Very Merry time Ocean Trips and special New Year’s sailings, too. Long Weekend City EscapeWant to let them relax closer to home? Surprise them with a long weekend getaway to Boston, New York City, or San Francisco with Adventures by Disney. These urban adventures are packed with VIP experiences, awesome accommodations, and best dining. Book before Thanksg iving and they’ll throw in an extra night for free, too. Holiday Dinner in ParadisePicture this: A classic Christmas dinner on a beach in Hawaii. Sounds pretty good. Now add live music, local entertainment, and Mickey, Moana and friends in their finest beachwear. Youcan have the greatest holiday meal your gift receivers will ever eat. It isn’t just about holiday meals, of course. Your gift also comes with soft sand beaches, pools with water slides and lazy rivers, cultural activities, and free kids’ clubs, too.Safari StyleIf you’re looking for the perfect gift for animal lovers, the Wild Africa Trek at Animal Kingdom will make them scream with excitement! A private guided tour of the Safi River Valley provides VIP access to the wild animals as guests ride or walk on a rope bridge on their adventure. They’ll also be treated to safari snacks, a surprise gift, and free photos! 25．According to the passage, a visitor can get a free night’s stay in ______.A．Meet Mickey and MinnieB．Long Weekend City EscapeC．Holiday Dinner in ParadiseD．Safari Style26．Besides great dinner, a visitor can enjoy ______ on Hawaii beach.A．photos taken for free B．traditional local snacksC．phone calls from Mickey D．different cultural activities27．This passage is written to _______.A．Disney fans B．gift giversC．foreign visitors D．animal loversFor my grandpa Tatay's 90th birthday, our family threw him a surprise — we decorated the backyard with Philippines style and asked guests to wear traditional Filipino costume.While I was jazzed to put on a sarong-like skirt and wrap, my white husband Darren, felt nervous in his barong, a traditional shirt for Filipino man. “I feel like this is cultural appropriation（文化挪用）,” he said, “I honestly feel uncomfortable.”I could understand Darren. Just over this past year, a number of well-known people have gotten into hot water for wearing the dress of other cultures. They had been blamed by the media and the public. But I felt wearing a barong to Tatay’s birthday party was not appro priation. I reassured him that it was just a way to express support and a sense of unity with my Filipino family. And we were wearing these outfits as an act of kindness to Tatay. He is losing his memory, but barong is something that remains in his mind.Still, I wasn't sure whether Darren was appropriating. I turned to an expert for advice.试卷第6页，总12页Erich Matthes, a professor of philosophy, told me that there's no clear definition of cultural appropriation, “It's a really messy thing.”“It was OK that Darren wore a barong to your family party, for he's been invited to do so. And it's an act of cultural union,” he says. “But it's not OK if you're wearing the clothing of another culture as part of a cultural exploration or education or to intentionally offend or make fun of the group. If you want to wear a qipao to a party hosted by Chinese friends, but you are not a member of this group, you should ask the most relevant representatives of the culture. Last, be aware that wearing a culture's dress comes with great resp onsibility.”What the expert suggested hit a big point home for me: What we choose to wear has real power. Seeing Darren in that barong , I knew that he was making an effort to understand and connect with my family. And that, for me, was a beautiful thing.28．The author asked her husband to wear a barong mainly because it ________. A ．makes him look great B ．helps show family unity C ．keeps a family tradition D ．gives her family a surprise29．The underlined phrase “have gotten into hot water” in Paragraph 3 prob ably means “________”.A ．have gotten into troubleB ．have lost their tempersC ．have bathed in hot waterD ．have become more popular30．According to the article, wearing a culture’s dress probably indicates _____. A ．accepting cultural education B ．expressing cultural exploration C ．supporting cultural appropriation D ．shouldering cultural responsibility31．Which of the following can be the best title for the passage? A ．How to Prepare a Birthday Party? B ．What to Dress in Different Cultures? C ．Wear Clothing of Another Culture? D ．Wear Traditional Shirts on Birthday?The Arizona desert is really dry. Anyone stuck in it without water would die from dehydration （脱水）within three days. Unless, that is, they had one of Omar Yaghi’s next-generation water harvesters. Although daytime humidity（湿度）is only about 10 per cent, this rises to 40 per cent at night, which means there’s enough water in the atmosphere to support life — if it can be changed into liquid form.That’s exactly what Yaghi’s device does. It’s a box about t he size of a small microwave oven designed to suck the humidity from the air at night and turn it into drinking water the next day using only the heat of the sun as its power source. What makes it work is a powder called a metal-organic framework (MOF), which at normal temperatures attracts water molecules (分子) onto its surface. Warm it up and the water is released, each harvest producing one-third of a cup of pure drinking water. “With further improvements, a device, the size of a washing machine, could pr oduce enough water for the basic needs of a household,” says Yaghi, a chemist at the University of California.One-third of the world’s population lacks safe drinking water; for them such a device could be a lifesaver. But that’s not the limit of the MOF t echnology.Just as MOFs can help solve the problem of water shortage, they offer a way of reducing a lot of greenhouse gases. In April this year, the carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere hit an 800,000-year high, contributing to climate change. Recent research suggests ways that MOFs might be able to help mitigate（缓解）this danger to the Earth’s ecosystem.An international team led by chemists from the University of Manchester, UK, reported in 2018 that they had developed an aluminum (Al)-based MOF that can selectively and repeatedly remove another gaseous pollutant, nitrogen dioxide (NO2), from the surrounding atmosphere. This discovery could lead to air-related technologies that seize and change large quantities of other gases, such as carbon dioxide, to reduce air pollution.In 2017, a MOF startup pioneer NuMat Technologies employed MOFs to safely store and deliver dangerous gases. For a given pressure, a tank containing a MOF holds more gas than one without. Or, to put it another way, if a gas tank has a MOF in it, then it does not need to be as highly pressurized in order to hold the same amount of gas, making it safer and less likely to explode, and possible less expensive.Now, about two dozen companies in the past five years are known to be pursuing MOFs, fromsmall startups to larger chemical and automobile companies. And QYResearch forecasts that试卷第8页，总12页the MOF market will grow from $70 million in 2017 to $750 million in 2025. “The potential here is just endless,” says Yaghi. “As cheaper materials come into focus, there will continue to be even more opportunities for commercialization.”32．MOF changes the sucked humidity into water by ________. A ．lowering the temperature B ．collecting carbon dioxide C ．recycling dangerous gases D ．absorbing the heat of the sun33．Aluminum-based MOF can be used to _______. A ．reduce greenhouse gases B ．produce household water C ．deliver dangerous gases D ．release water molecules34．It can be learned that under the same pressure, a tank with a MOF will _______. A ．cost more money B ．cause more explosions C ．hold more gases D ．afford more crashes 35．The main purpose of this passage is to ______. A ．explain how to use MOF B ．describe the future of MOF C ．persuade people to buy MOF D ．introduce the functions of MOF 三、七选五What is mental health?Mental health is an expression we use every day, so it might surprise you that the term ‘mental health’ is frequently misunderstood. 36．According to the WHO , however, mental health is “a state of well -being in which every individual realizes his or her own potential, can deal with the normal stresses of life, can work fruitfully, and is able to make a contribution to her or his community.” 37．To make things a bit clearer, some experts have tried coming up with different terms to explainthe difference between ‘mental health’ and ‘mental health conditions’, such as ‘good mental health’, ‘mental well-being’, and even ‘happiness’. 38．As a result, some of them have tried to explain the difference by talking about a continuous whole where mental health is at one end of the range while mental health conditions are at the other.Research shows that high levels of mental health are associated with increased learning, creativity and productivity. 39．In contrast, mental health conditions can cause distress and bad effect on relationships. They are also related to poor physical health and death from suicide.40．The fact that someone is not experiencing a mental health condition doesn’t necessarily mean his mental health is good. Likewise, it’s pos sible to be diagnosed with a mental health condition while feeling well in many aspects of life.Briefly, mental health is about being emotionally and socially healthy – the way we think, feel and develop relationships - and not merely the absence of a mental health condition.A．So instead of being about ‘what’s the problem?’, it’s really about ‘what’s going well?'. B．It is often mistakenly used as a substitute (替代) for mental health conditions. C．This, however, will help prevent mental health conditions.D．But others argue that using more words to describe the same thing just adds to the confusion.E. They can also improve social relationships and physical health.F. Many people are affected by depressions, anxiety and suicide.G. But it’s important to reme mber that mental health is complex.试卷第10页，总12页第II 卷（非选择题)请点击修改第II 卷的文字说明 四、语法填空One of my favourite 41． (hobby) is hiking. When I go hiking, I will wear proper clothing and hiking shoes for the current weather conditions. And I will let my family and friends know where I will go and when I will return. Also, I will carry a compass and GPS unit, 42． can guid e me and locate my position. What’s more, I will take enough food and water 43． (keep) me energetic, and emergency supplies to survive dangerous situations.We are calling on people around the world to create a “Million Acts of Blue” — actions to push retailers, corporations and businesses to reduce single-use plastic. That is, we are going to take actions to deal with the current plastic pollution. Every action to reduce single-use plastics 44． (send) a message to the industry that it’s time to change. We can no longer allow products that 45． (use) for a few seconds to pollute 46． (we) planet for a lifetime.More Chinese senior citizens 47． (become) active users of WeChat in recent years, according to a recent study. The study aims to learn about the digital life of people above the age of 55. The report showed that elderly users spend around 1.37 hours 48．WeChat every day and have 104 WeChat friends on average. The report said 50.3 percent of elderly users learned how to use WeChat from their children or grandchildren, 49． (suggest) that family members should be more 50． (patience) when they introduce new technology to elderly people. 五、提纲类作文51．假设你是红星中学高三学生李华，你的英国朋友Jim 在邮件中表示，下周将到北京参加一个主题为“游学在北京” 的文化体验活动，向你咨询有关景点的信息。

2019-2020学年北京昌平区第一中学高三英语上学期期末考试试题及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AA Lifelong Devotion to Keeping People FedYuan Longping is a Chinese agricultural scientist and educator, known for developing the hybrid rice varieties.Yuan graduated from the Southwest Agriculture Institute in 1953 andbegan his teaching career at an agriculture school.In the 1960s, when a serious food shortage sweptChina, Yuan decided to devote himself to studying how to increase the yields of rice. He then began a lifelong connection with rice.Yuan succeeded in growing the world’s first high-yielding hybrid rice varieties in 1973, which could reach a yield of over 500 kg per mu (about 0.067 hectares), rising from the previous yield of only 300 kg per mu. For the next four decades, he continued to work on research and development of hybrid rice, achieving increasingly higher outputs. In 2020, hybrid rice developed by Yuan’s team achieved 1,500 kilograms per mu in two growing seasons, a new world record.InChina, where rice is the main food for the majority of the 1.4 billion people, the planting area of hybrid rice has reached 16 million hectares, or 57 % of the total planting area of rice, helping feed an extra 80 million people a year.Hybrid rice has also been grown in over 40 countries, including theU.S.,Brazil,India,Vietnam, thePhilippinesandMadagascar. The total planting area of the hybrid rice has reached 8 million hectares overseas.Even after a great success, Yuan never held himself back from making new breakthroughs. In 2017, his team started to grow seawater rice inQingdao. The rice was designed to grow in saline-alkaline land and survive even after being completely in seawater. His team planned to develop a type of seawater rice that could be planted in 6.67 million hectares of saline-alkaline land acrossChinato boost the country’s rice harvest by about 20 %. In 2018, Yuan’s team was invited to plant the saline-alkaline tolerant rice in experimental fields inDubai, which achieved huge success. In June 2020, his team started to grow seawater rice on a farm at an altitude of 2,800 meters in northwestChina’sQinghaiProvince. The experiment succeeded.Yuan had two dreams — to “enjoy the cool under the rice crops taller than men” and that hybrid rice couldbe grown all over the world to help solve the global food shortage.1. What made Yuan Longping decide to study rice?A. A serious food shortage.B. Agriculture development.C. His interest in the rice experiment.D. His wish to plant the tallest rice in the world.2. From the passage, we know that Yuan Longping ________.A. developed a variety of hybrid riceB. worked as a scientist after graduationC. started to grow seawater rice inDubaiin 2017D. grew the first high-yielding hybrid rice varieties in 19533. We can infer from the passage that Yuan Longping’s most outstanding qualities are________.A. modest and outgoingB. honest and creativeC. generous and optimisticD. responsible and devotedBToo much TV-watching can harm children’s ability to learn andeven reduce their chances of getting a college degree, new studies suggest in the latest effort to examine the effects of television on children.One of the studies looked at nearly 400 northern California third-graders. Those with TVs in their bedrooms scored about eight points lower on math and language arts tests than children without bedroom TVs.A second study ,looking at nearly 1000 grown-ups in New Zealand, found lower education levels among 26-year-olds who had watched lots of TV during childhood.But the results don’t prove that TV is the cause and don't ride out that already poorly motivated youngsters (年轻人）may watch lots of TV.Their study measured the TV habits of 26-year-olds between ages5 and 15. These with college degrees had watch an averageof less than two hours of TV per week night during childhood, compared with an average of more than 2.5 hours for those who had no education beyond high school.In the California study, children with TVs in their rooms but no computer at home scored the lowest while those with no bedroom TV but who had home computers scored the highest.While this study does not prove that bedroom TV sets caused the lower scores, it adds to increasing findings that children shouldn't have TVs in their bedrooms.4. According to the California study, the low-scoring group might _________.A. have had computers in their bedroomsB. not be interested in mathC. be unable to go to collegeD. have watched a lot of TV5. What is the researchers' understanding of the New Zealand study results?A. Poorly motivated 26-year-olds watch more TV.B. Habits of TV watching reduce learning interest.C. The connection between TV and education levels is difficult to explain.D. TV watching leads to lower education levels of the 15-year-olds.6. What can we learn from the last two paragraphs?A. TV sets shouldn't be allowed in children's bedrooms.B. Children should be forbidden from watching TV.C. More time should be spent on computers.D. Further studies on high-achieving students should be done7. What would be the best title for this text?A. Computers or TelevisionB. Effects of Television on ChildrenC. Studies on TV and College EducationD. Television and Children's Learning HabitsCThe idea of low material desire, low consumption and refusing to work, marry and have children, concluded as a “lying down” lifestyle, recentlystruck a chord withmany young Chinese who are eager to take pause to breathe in this fast-paced and highly-competitive society.Many millennials (千禧一代) and generation Zs complained to the Global Times that burdens, including work stress, family disputes (纷争) and financial strains, have pushed them “against the wall”. They said they hate the “involution (内卷),” joking that they would rather give up some of what they have than get trapped in an endless competition against peers.“Instead of always following the ‘virtues’ of struggle, endure and sacrifice to bear the stresses, they prefer a temporary lying down as catharsis (宣泄) and adjustment,” said a scholar. “It is no wonder that some young people, under the growing pressures from child-raising to paying the mortgage (按揭) today, would try to live in a simple way and leave the worries behind.”Interestingly, the majority of millennials and Gen Zs reached by the Global Times, who claim to be big fans ofthe lying down philosophy, acknowledged that they only accept a temporary lying down as a short rest. It is true that with the great improvement of living conditions, some Chinese youth have partially lost the spirit of hardship and are not willing to bear too much hard work. But in fact, lying down is not entirely comfortable. Young people who lie down always feel guilty about their constant loss of morale (士气) far beyond their reach.“Young people on campus have both aspirations and confusion about their future, but most of us have rejected setting ourselves up in chains to waste opportunities and challenges,” a postgraduate student told the Global Times. “It’s no use running away. I have to ‘stand up’ and face the reality sooner or later.”8. What does the underlined phrase in paragraph 1 mean?A. Warned.B. Criticized.C. Touched.D. Amused.9. What might have caused the “lying down” lifestyle among the young?A. Improvements in living conditions.B. Growing pressure from family and social life.C. Increasing material possessions from families.D. Temporary adjustment to failure in competitions.10. What’s the scholar’s attitude toward the “lying down” group?A. Understanding.B. Intolerant.C.Supportive.D. Unclear.11. What can be inferred about the young generation from the text?A. They never really drop their responsibilities.B. They really enjoy the “lying down” lifestyle.C. They find their dreams far beyond their reach.D. They would rather escape than take challenges.DSix Neanderthals who lived in what is now France were eaten by their fellow Neanderthals some 100,000 years ago, according to fearful evidence of the cannibalistic (食人的) event discovered by scientists in a cave in the 1990s. Now, researchersmay have figured out why the Neanderthals, including two children, became victims of cannibalism: Global warming.While previous studies have examined Neanderthal remains to find proof of cannibalistic behavior, this is the first study to offer clues as to what may have led Neanderthals to become cannibals. Scientists found that rapidchanges in local ecosystems as the planet warmed may have wiped out the animal species that Neanderthals ate, forcing them to look elsewhere to fill their stomachs.The researchers examined a layer of sediment (沉积物) in a cave known as Baume Moula-Guercy, in southeastern France. In that layer, charcoal (碳) and animal bones were so well-preserved that scientists could reconstruct an environmental picture representing 120,000 to 130,000 years ago. They discovered that the climate in the area was likely even warmer than it is today, and that the change from a cold, dry climate to a warmer one happened quickly. “Maybe within a few generations”, study co-author Emmanuel said. As the animals that once populated the landscape disappeared, some Neanderthals ate what they could find — their neighbors.Cannibalism is by no means unique to Neanderthals, and has been practiced by humans and their s “from the early Palaeolithic to theBronze Age and beyond,” the study authors reported. The behavior adopted by the starving Neanderthals in the Baume Moula-Guercy should therefore not be viewed as “a mark of bestiality (兽性) or sub-humanity”, but as an emergency adaptation to a period of severe environmental stress, according to the study.12. What does the study mainly focus on?A. The social behavior of Neanderthals.B. The reason for cannibalism among Neanderthals.C. The climate change in southeasternFrance.D. The influence of global warming on ancient animals.13. What can possibly be used to describe the climate in southeasternFrance120,000 to 130,000 years ago?A. It was no warmer than it is today.B. It was first warm while later cold and dry.C. Its change was mild and went through quite a long process.D. Its change is a chief factor contributing to cannibalism.14. Which of the following might the study authors agree with?A. Neanderthals’ cannibalism showed their bestiality.B. Cannibalism was actually a measure the Neanderthals had to adopt to survive.C. Neanderthals’ cannibalism guaranteed their rule over other tribes.D. Only Neanderthals were found to have cannibalism in human history.15. Where can you most possibly find this passage?A. In a science journal.B. In a travel brochure.C. In a history book.D. In a geography book.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2019-2020学年北京市昌平区第四中学高三英语上学期期末试卷及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AAs the MOOC craze continues to explode, anyone interested in taking an online course faces a tricky question: Which course to take? Here are five aspects that you should consider before you start.(1)What is your learning style?Many MOOCs are video-based. Other courses use presentation formats. Some also require participation in group work. If you want to stay motivated during your course, think about how you enjoy learning.Are you a visual learner, preferring to use images to understand a topic? If so, a video-based course will work well for you. If you are a verbal learner who gains new information by speaking and writing, try a text-based course with lots of note-taking. Social learners, meanwhile, will thrive in forum discussions and project-based assessment.(2)Are you ready to become a full-time student?Be realistic about the time that you can commit to your online studies. Participating in an online course can take as much time and commitment as a class-based program. Check the course requirements and make a plan around your current schedule.(3) Does the course really meet your needs?Whether you are interested in a professional qualification or want to take a personal development course like yoga, there is a MOOC for you. It's easy to get caught up in the excitement of taking lots of free courses in everything that you ever wanted to learn. Before you start a course, think about the end goal. Is the course aimed at beginners or advanced learners? Why do you need this qualification?(4) Do you need a support group?Some people learn best from seeing how others approach the problem. If you are such as learner, you will need to supplement your online lessons with an in-person support group.(5) What kind of certification will you get?Take time to find out what kind of certification is available upon completion of the course, and how you can prove your learning to others - for example, certificates, transcripts or digital badges.1. What kind of MOOC's does the author recommend to verbal learners?A. A video-based course.B. A text-based course.C. A forum-based discussion.D. A project-based assessment.2. What kind of learners need an in-person support group?A. Learners who prefer individual work.B. Learners who are in great need of a certificate.C. Learners who are too busy to become a full-time student.D. Learners who learn best from observing how others address the problem.3. What is the passage mainly about?A. Picking the right MOOC's for you.B. Deciding your learning style.C. Taking the right course you need.D. Choosing a suitable support group.BImprovements to energy efficiency, such as LED lights, are seen by many authorities as a top priority for cutting carbon emissions. Yet a growing body of research suggests that arebound effect could wipe out more than half of the savings from energy efficiency improvements, making the goals of the Paris Agreement on climate change even harder to hit.A team led by Paul Brockway at the University of Leeds, UK, looked at the existing 33 studies on the impact of the rebound effect. First comes the direct rebound: for instance,when someone buys a more efficient car, they may take advantage of that by driving it further. Then comes the indirect rebound: fuel savings leave the owner with more money to spend elsewhere in the economy, consuming energy.Although the 33 studies used different methods to model the rebound effect, they produced very consistent estimates of its impact, leading the team to conclude that the effect wipes out, on average, 63 percent of the anticipated energy savings.“We're not saying energy efficiency doesn't work. What we're saying is rebound needs to be taken more seriously,” says Brockway.The idea that increased efficiency may not deliver the hoped­for savingsdates back to the Jevons paradox(悖论), named after the economist William Stanley Jevons, who, in 1865,observed that more efficient coal use led to more demand for coal.If the rebound effect does prove to be as big as suggested, it means future global energy demand will be higher than expected and the world will need far more wind and solar power and carbon­capture technology thanis currently being planned for.But that doesn't mean nothing can be done to limit the rebound effect. One answer is to double down on energy efficiency and do twice as much to achieve the same effect.4. Which of the following is a rebound effect?A. A man uses LED lights to cut carbon emissions.B. A company uses coal more efficiently to reduce waste.C. A family saves money by using energy­saving devices.D. A lady spends savings from her fuel efficient car on more clothes.5. How did Paul Brockway's team carry out their research?A. By interviewing economists.B. By analyzing former studies.C. By modeling the rebound effect.D. By debating about the Jevons paradox.6. What would Paul Brockway probably agree with?A. Authorities should dismiss energy efficiency.B. Worldwide efforts to preserve energy are in vain.C. The rebound effect helps protect the environment.D. More attention should be paid to the rebound effect.7. What's the author's attitude towards limiting the rebound effect?A. Positive.B. Pessimistic.C. Doubtful.D. Disapproving.CIf you’re looking for a reason to care about tree loss, this summer’s record-breaking heat waves might be it. Trees can lower summer daytime temperatures by as much as 10 degrees Fahrenheit, according to arecent study. But tree cover in US cities is shrinking (缩减). A study published last year by the US Forest Service found that we lost 36 million trees annually from urban and rural communities over a five-year period. “If we continue on this path, cities will become warmer, more polluted and generally unhealthier for inhabitants,” said David Nowak, a senior US Forest Service scientist and co-author of the study. Nowak says there are many reasons why our tree cover is declining, including hurricanes, tornadoes, fires, insects and disease. But the one reason for tree loss that humans can control is sensible development.Nowak says there is a downside to trees too, such as pollen allergy (花粉过敏) or large tailing branches in storms, and people don’t like sweeping leaves. But, he says, there are ways cities and counties can manage trees to help communities thrive (繁荣). Urban forests especially need our help to replace fallen trees. Unlike rural areas, it is very difficult for trees to repopulate themselves in a city environment with so much pavement and asphalt (沥青). “A lot of our native trees can’t actually find a place to drop a seed so they can regenerate,” explains Greg Levine, co-executivedirector of Trees Atlanta. “That’s why the community has to go in and actually plant a tree because the areas just aren’t natural anymore.”Nowak says the first step is caring for the trees on your own property (财产). “We think we pay for our house, and sowe must maintain it. But because we don’t pay for nature, we don’t need to. And that’s not necessarily true.”8. Why does the author mention “trees can lower summer daytime temperatures”?A. To tell the temperatures in summer are high.B. To explain the reason of tree loss.C. To tell trees are helpful.D. To introduce the topic.9. How can humans control tree loss according to Nowak?A. Develop cities in reasonable ways.B. Prevent fires form damaging trees.C. Improve climate to let trees grow.D. Decrease insects in cities.10. Why do forests in cities need our help?A. Because trees don’t grow in a city environment.B. Because native trees don’t drop seeds any more.C. Because trees in urban areas can’t regenerate naturally.D. Because humans want to plant more trees.11. What is the purpose of this passage?A. Describe the importance of trees in cities.B. Appeal people to protect trees in their surroundings.C. Ask people to plant trees with the author.D. Show the number of trees in theUSis declining.D"Sorry, but I don't agree with you..."This is usually followed by unbearable silence and angry tears. I've always found it difficult to disagree with someone, because I don't want to lose a friend. I've found it even harder to accept it when someone disagrees with me, because my ego（自尊心）ishurt.Before the other person gets a chance to explain why she disagrees with me, my usual response would be," If you aren't able to see my point of view, then what you think isn't worth my time or consideration, either." But now I've come to realize that when a friend disagrees with me, sometimes she is simply saying, "I don't agree with the way things are done." She still respects me as a person, and is only pointing out a better way to look at a matter. However, there may be times when my friend disagrees with me because I'm against the truth. That's when need to listen to what she says.I've learned that one way to help my friend is for me to be open and honest with the other to voice my thoughts and listen to the other carefully. While we can't control how a person will respond to our views, we must learn to disagree with our friends in love. We will never feel that we are better than the other person.And that will help us to be less emotional, and more objective in the way we express our opinions.In the same way, we can also stay open to feedback（反馈）from others,knowing that our friends may be correcting us in love.Good friendships build each other up, sometimes through disagreements and honest opinions. Though I don't like being disagreed with, I'm starting to see the value of such disagreements.12. The author has found it difficult to disagree with someone because .A. he is a friendly personB. he usually hides his ideasC. he has no mind of his ownD. he wants to keep the friendship13. When a friend disagreed with him,the author used to .A. be unhappyB. argue with the friendC. break up with the friendD. explain things calmly14. The author will listen to a friend when .A. he is against the truthB. he doesn't tell the truthC. he is respected by a friendD. he does things in the wrong way15. What does the author mainly talk about in the text?A. How to keep friendship.B. How to avoid hurting a friend.C. How to express disagreements.D. How to deal with disagreements.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

【区级联考】北京市昌平区2019届高三第一学期期末英语试卷学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、用单词的适当形式完成短文One of my favourite1．(hobby) is hiking. When I go hiking, I wil1 wear proper clothing and hiking shoes for the current weather conditions. And I will let my family and friends know where I will go and when I will return. Also, I will carry a compass and GPS unit,2．can guide me and locate my position. What's more, I will take enough food and water3．(keep) me energetic, and emergency supplies to survive dangerous situations.We are calling on people around the world to create a “Million Acts of Blue” —actions to push retailers, corporations and businesses to reduce single-use plastic. That is, we are going to take actions to deal with the current plastic pollution. Every action to reduce single-use plastics 4．(send) a message to the industry that it’s time to change. We c an no longer allow products that 5．(use) for a few seconds to pollute 6．(we) planet for a lifetime.More Chinese senior citizens 7．(become) active users of WeChat in recent years, according to a recent study. The study aims to learn about the digital life of people above the age of 55. The report showed that elderly users spend around 1.37 hours 8．WeChat every day and have 104 WeChat friends on average. The report said 50.3 percent of elderly users learned how to use WeChat from their children or grandchildren, 9．(suggest) that family members should be more 10．(patience) when they introduce new technology to elderly people.二、完形填空It was a cold day, and I had no desire to drive up the winding mountain road to my daughter Carolyn’s house. But she had insisted that I come to see something at the 11of the mountain.So here I was 12 to make the two-hour journey through 13 . By the time I saw how thick it was near the top, I’d gone too far to turn back.“I’ll stay for lunch, but I’m heading back down as soon as the fog lifts,” I 14 when I arrived.“But I need you to drive me to the garage to pick up my car,” Carolyn said. “Could we at least do that?”“How 15 ?” I asked.“About three minutes,” she said. “I’ll drive—I’m used to it.”After ten minutes on the mountain road, I looked at her 16 . “I thought you said three minutes.”She smiled. “This is a different route.”Turning down a narrow track, we parked the car and 17 out. We walked along a path that was thick with old pine needles. Huge black-green pines 18 over us. Gradually, the peace and silence of the place began to 19 my mind.When we stopped, I took a deep breath in 20 .From the top of the mountain were rivers of flowers in bloom. A mix of 21 from white to lemon to red — unfolded like a carpet before us. At the center was a waterfall of purple flowers and here and there were coral-colored ones. And western bluebirds flew 22 the heads of the flowers happily.A series of 23 came to my mind. Who created such beauty? How? When?As we approached home, we saw a sign that read: “I 24 Answers to Your Questions.”The first answer was: “One Woman—Two Hands, Two Feet, and Very Little Brain.” The second was: “One at a Time.” The third: “25 in 1958.”As we drove home, I was so 26 by what we had seen, I could hardly speak. “She changed the world,” I 27 said, “one flower at a time. She took her first step almost 60 years ago, probably just the beginning of an idea, bu t she kept at it.”“Imagine,” I said, “if I’d had a(n) 28 like her and worked at it, just a little bit every day, what might I have 29 ?”Carolyn looked at me, smiling. “Start tomorrow,” she said. “ 30 yet, start today.”11．A．back B．bottom C．top D．corner12．A．unwilling B．unable C．unlucky D．unfit13．A．rain B．snow C．storm D．fog14．A．announced B．criticized C．suggested D．complained 15．A．much B．many C．fast D．far16．A．excitedly B．calmly C．nervously D．anxiously17．A．checked B．looked C．got D．dropped18．A．floated B．streamed C．towered D．skipped19．A．empty B．fill C．disturb D．control20．A．embarrassment B．amazement C．disappointment D．amusement 21．A．materials B．patterns C．colors D．shapes22．A．over B．through C．within D．along23．A．predictions B．decisions C．imaginations D．questions 24．A．Understand B．Know C．Doubt D．Forget25．A．Started B．Continued C．Finished D．Quitted26．A．troubled B．moved C．encouraged D．confused27．A．frankly B．seriously C．frequently D．finally28．A．promise B．story C．idea D．challenge29．A．gained B．required C．regretted D．remembered30．A．more B．better C．harder D．later三、阅读选择One day a woman was walking down the street when she saw a beggar sitting on the corner. As he sat there, passers-by walked by him giving him dirty looks. But when she saw him, the woman was willing to help him.She stopped and looked down, asking him whether he was all right. The man slowly looked up. This was a woman clearly used to the finer things of life. She looked like that she had never missed a meal in her life. His first thought was that she wanted to make fun of him, like so many others had done before. “Leave me alone,” he said angrily.To his surprise, the woman continued standing and smiled. “Are you hungry?” she asked."No," he answered. "I've just come from dining with the president. Now go away."The woman's smile became even broader. Suddenly the man felt a gentle hand under his arm. "What are you doing, lady?" the man asked angrily. "I said to leave me alone." However, the woman insisted on getting him something to eat in the restaurant across the street. She even asked a passer-by to help grab his other arm and lift him up. Finally, Jack was taken into the restaurant. The woman explained to the manager that she would buy him something to eat."Not in here!" the manager replied angrily. "Having a person like that here is bad for business."Old Jack smiled. "See, lady. I told you so. Can I leave now?"The woman turned to the manager and smiled. "Sir, are you familiar with E&A, the banking firm down the street?""Of course I am," the manager answered impatiently. "They hold their weekly meetings in one of my banquet rooms.""And do you make a good profit from that?""It’s none of your business.""I am Penelope Eddy, CEO of the company."31．When the beggar first saw the woman, he thought _______.A．she would laugh at himB．she would have meals with himC．she might be fond of himD．she wanted to give him a hand32．The beggar mentioned his dining with the president to _______.A．show his prideB．prove he was fullC．refuse the womanD．pretend to be rich33．What did the manager probably feel after hearing what the woman said? A．Satisfied. B．Embarrassed.C．Excited. D．Disappointed.34．From the article we can know the woman was _______.A．kind and honestB．helpful and generousC．funny and warm-heartedD．modest and hard-workingDisney Lover’s Gift GuideWant to win the holidays? These unbelievable Disney experiences will become magical gifts sure to impress every Disney fan in your life.Meet Mickey and MinnieNot only are Disney ocean trips filled with on-board fun and excellent ports, making thema perfect present, but as soon as you book a Disney ocean trip as a gift, you can schedule a special holiday phone call from Mickey and Minnie to surprise your gift receiver with the news about their special vacation present. Add even more holiday spirit with seasonally themed Very Merry time Ocean Trips and special New Year’s sailings, too.Long Weekend City EscapeWant to let them relax closer to home? Surprise them with a long weekend getaway to Boston, New York City, or San Francisco with Adventures by Disney. These urban adventures are packed with VIP experiences, awesome accommodations, and best dining. Book before Thanksgiving and they’ll throw in an extra night for free, too.Holiday Dinner in ParadisePicture this: A classic Christmas dinner on a beach in Hawaii. Sounds pretty good. Now add live music, local entertainment, and Mickey, Moana and friends in their finest beachwear. You can have the greatest holiday meal your gift receivers will ever eat. It isn’t just about holiday meals, of course. Your gift also comes with soft sand beaches, pools with water slides and lazy rivers, cultural activities, and free kids’ clubs, too.Safari StyleIf you’re looking for the perfect gift for animal lovers, the Wild Africa Trek at Animal Kingdom will make them scream with excitement! A private guided tour of the Safi River Valley provides VIP access to the wild animals as guests ride or walk on a rope bridge on their adventure. They’ll also be treated to safari snacks, a surprise gift, and fr ee photos! 35．According to the passage, a visitor can get a free night’s stay in ______.A．Meet Mickey and MinnieB．Long Weekend City EscapeC．Holiday Dinner in ParadiseD．Safari Style36．Besides great dinner, a visitor can enjoy ______ on Hawaii beach.A．photos taken for free B．traditional local snacksC．phone calls from Mickey D．different cultural activities37．This passage is written to _______.A．Disney fans B．gift giversC．foreign visitors D．animal loversFor my grandpa Tatay's 90th birthday, our family threw him a surprise — we decorated the backyard with Philippines style and asked guests to wear traditional Filipino costume.While I was jazzed to put on a sarong-like skirt and wrap, my white husband Darren, felt nervous in his barong, a traditio nal shirt for Filipino man. “I feel like this is cultural appropriation（文化挪用）,” he said, “I honestly feel uncomfortable.”I could understand Darren. Just over this past year, a number of well-known people have gotten into hot water for wearing the dress of other cultures. They had been blamed by the media and the public. But I felt wearing a barong to Tatay’s birthday party was not appropriation. I reassured him that it was just a way to express support and a sense of unity with my Filipino family. And we were wearing these outfits as an act of kindness to Tatay. He is losing his memory, but barong is something that remains in his mind.Still, I wasn't sure whether Darren was appropriating. I turned to an expert for advice.Erich Matthes, a professor of philosophy, told me that there's no clear definition of cultural appropriation, “It's a really messy thing.”“It was OK that Darren wore a barong to your family party, for he's been invited to do so. And it's an act of cultural union,”he says. “But it's not OK if you're wearing the clothing of another culture as part of a cultural exploration or education or to intentionally offend or make fun of the group. If you want to wear a qipao to a party hosted by Chinese friends, but you are not a member of this group, you should ask the most relevant representatives of the culture. Last, be aware that wearing a culture's dress comes with great responsibility.”What the expert suggested hit a big point home for me: What we choose to wear has real power.Seeing Darren in that barong, I knew that he was making an effort to understand and connect with my family. And that, for me, was a beautiful thing.38．The author asked her husband to wear a barong mainly because it ________. A．makes him look greatB．helps show family unityC．keeps a family traditionD．gives her family a surprise39．The underlined phrase “have gotten into hot water” in Paragraph 3 probably means“________”.A．have gotten into troubleB．have lost their tempersC．have bathed in hot waterD．have become more popular40．According to the article, wearing a culture’s dress probably indicates _____. A．accepting cultural educationB．expressing cultural explorationC．supporting cultural appropriationD．shouldering cultural responsibility41．Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?A．How to Prepare a Birthday Party?B．What to Dress in Different Cultures?C．Wear Clothing of Another Culture?D．Wear Traditional Shirts on Birthday?The Arizona desert is really dry. Anyone stuck in it without water would die from dehydration（脱水）within three days. Unless, that is, they had one of Omar Yaghi’snext-generation water harvesters. Although daytime humidity（湿度）is only about 10 per cent, this rises to 40 per cent at night, which me ans there’s enough water in the atmosphere to support life — if it can be changed into liquid form.That’s exactly what Yaghi’s device does. It’s a box about the size of a small microwave oven designed to suck the humidity from the air at night and turn it into drinking water the next day using only the heat of the sun as its power source. What makes it work is a powder called a metal-organic framework (MOF), which at normal temperatures attracts water molecules (分子) onto its surface. Warm it up and the water is released, each harvest producing one-third of a cup of pure drinking water. “With further improvements, a device, the size of a washing machine, could produce enough water for the basic needs of a household,” says Yaghi, a chemist at the University of California.One-third of the world’s population lacks safe drinking water; for them such a device could be a lifesaver. But that’s not the limit of the MOF technology.Just as MOFs can help solve the problem of water shortage, they offer a way of reducing a lot of greenhouse gases. In April this year, the carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere hit an800,000-year high, contributing to climate change. Recent research suggests ways that MOFs might be able to help mitigate（缓解）this danger to the Earth’s ecos ystem.An international team led by chemists from the University of Manchester, UK, reported in 2018 that they had developed an aluminum (Al)-based MOF that can selectively and repeatedly remove another gaseous pollutant, nitrogen dioxide (NO2), from the surrounding atmosphere. This discovery could lead to air-related technologies that seize and change large quantities of other gases, such as carbon dioxide, to reduce air pollution.In 2017, a MOF startup pioneer NuMat Technologies employed MOFs to safely store and deliver dangerous gases. For a given pressure, a tank containing a MOF holds more gas than one without. Or, to put it another way, if a gas tank has a MOF in it, then it does not need to be as highly pressurized in order to hold the same amount of gas, making it safer and less likely to explode, and possible less expensive.Now, about two dozen companies in the past five years are known to be pursuing MOFs, from small startups to larger chemical and automobile companies. And QYResearch forecasts th at the MOF market will grow from $70 million in 2017 to $750 million in 2025. “The potential here is just endless,” says Yaghi. “As cheaper materials come into focus, there will continue to be even more opportunities for commercialization.”42．MOF changes the sucked humidity into water by ________.A．lowering the temperatureB．collecting carbon dioxideC．recycling dangerous gasesD．absorbing the heat of the sun43．Aluminum-based MOF can be used to _______.A．reduce greenhouse gasesB．produce household waterC．deliver dangerous gasesD．release water molecules44．It can be learned that under the same pressure, a tank with a MOF will _______. A．cost more money B．cause more explosionsC．hold more gases D．afford more crashes45．The main purpose of this passage is to ______.A．explain how to use MOFB．describe the future of MOFC．persuade people to buy MOFD．introduce the functions of MOF四、七选五What is mental health?Mental health is an expression we use every day, so it might surprise you that the term ‘mental health’ is frequently misunderstood. 46．According to the WHO, however, mental health is “a state of well-being in which every individual realizes his or her own potential, can deal with the normal stresses of life, can work fruitfully, and is able to make a contribution to her or his community.”47．To make things a bit clearer, some experts have tried coming up with different terms to explain the difference bet ween ‘mental health’ and ‘mental health conditions’, such as ‘good mental health’, ‘mental well-being’, and even ‘happiness’. 48．As a result, some of them have tried to explain the difference by talking about a continuous whole where mental health is at one end of the range while mental health conditions are at the other.Research shows that high levels of mental health are associated with increased learning, creativity and productivity. 49．In contrast, mental health conditions can cause distress and bad effect on relationships. They are also related to poor physical health and death from suicide.50．The fact that someone is not experiencing a mental health condition doesn’t necessarily mean his mental health is good. Likewise, it’s possible to be diagnos ed with a mental health condition while feeling well in many aspects of life.Briefly, mental health is about being emotionally and socially healthy – the way we think, feel and develop relationships - and not merely the absence of a mental health condition. A．So instead of being about ‘what’s the problem?’, it’s really about ‘what’s going well?'. B．It is often mistakenly used as a substitute (替代) for mental health conditions. C．This, however, will help prevent mental health conditions.D．But others argue that using more words to describe the same thing just adds to the confusion.E.They can also improve social relationships and physical health.F.Many people are affected by depressions, anxiety and suicide.G.But it’s important to remember that mental heal th is complex.五、提纲类作文51．假设你是红星中学高三学生李华，你的英国朋友Jim在邮件中表示，下周将到北京参加一个主题为“游学在北京” 的文化体验活动，向你咨询有关景点的信息。

2019-2020学年北京市昌平实验中学高三英语期末考试试卷及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ARed Tourism Sites inShanghaiThis year marks the 100th anniversary of the founding of the Communist Party of China (CPC). Many Chinese people are planning to visit red tourism attractions in the coming summer vacation. The following are some red tourism sites inShanghai.Former Site of the Editorial Department ofNew YouthRevolutionary magazineNew Youth,which created the New Culture Movement and spread the influence of the May Fourth Movement, was established by Chen Duxiu inShanghaiin 1915. The editorial office moved toBeijingin 1917 when Chen Duxiu was head of liberal arts atPekingUniversitybut moved back toShanghaithree years later.Address: No. 2,100 Nanchang Road, Huangpu districtFormer Residence of Chen WangdaoThis three-story building was the home of famous scholar and educator Chen Wangdao. In 1920, Chen completed the first Chinese translation ofThe Communist Manifesto(共产党宣言). He also served as President of Fudan University from 1952 to 1977.Address:51 Guofu Road, Yangpu districtHuangpu Wharf (码头)HuangpuWharfin Yangpu district was the place for about 650 Chinese students who headed toFrancefrom March 1919 to December 1920 to further their studies. They included Zhou Enlai, later the first premier of thePeopledRepublicofChina, and Deng Xiaoping, later the leader of the PRC.Address:32 Qinhuangdao Road, Yangpu districtThe Memorial of the Site of the First National Congress of the Communist Party ofChinaThe two-story building was completed in 1920 as the residence of CPC founding member Li Hanjun. On July 23, 1921, thirteen members held their first national congress of the Communist Party of China here, marking the birth of the Party.Address:76 Xingye Road, Huangpu district1. When did the editorial office ofNew Youthreturn toShanghai?A. In 1915.B. In 1919.C. In 1920D. In 1921.2. What do we know about Chen Wangdao according to the text?A. He established theNew Youthmagazine.B. He first translatedThe Communist Manifestointo Chinese.C. He went toFrancefor further study.D. He held the first national congress of the CPC.3. Which site was the birthplace of the Communist Party of China?A. Former Site of the Editorial Department, of New Youth.B. Former Residence of Chen Wangdao.C.HuangpuWharf.D. The Memorial of the Site of the First National Congress of the CPC.BA 24-year-old female space commander has become a viral sensation on Chinese social media for her work.Zhou Chengyu was in charge of the rocket connector system---described as a vital role. Her story in particular has drawn the public’s attention given her young age. Social media users have been celebrating her brilliance and referring to her as pride of the country.Being the youngest of the team, Zhou Chengyu was born in1996 intheprovinceofGuizhou. She is certainly not “old” enough compared with her colleagues, but she is known at work as "Big Sister” as a sign of respect. Once in a 3-km running contest, she actually beat half of her male counterparts. Although work shifts are not uncommon at the Wenchang Spacecraft Launch Site, each shift requires tremendous courage because of the different background knowledge. However, for Zhou Chengyu, she experienced multiple positions in 5 launching tests and now she is the youngest commander at the site.Despite carefulness and high responsibility at work, she is just like her peers in normal life. Eating snacks and shopping are her favorite free-time activities. Her high school teacher remembers her as tough and determined. “She always had a dream of becoming scientist,” said her physics teacher.According to her colleague, Zhou Chengyu was very surprised when she found out shewent viralonline. She said that she was happy when she saw people online regarding her as the pride of the country, and yet she kept saying that she was “nobody but normal worker at a launch site” and there are a lot more people just like her going unnoticed while doing the hardest job to guarantee a better future for the Chinese space program. She also said that she wished to remain her current status and continue doing her work with or without the popularity.4. What makes Zhou Chengyu the pride of the country?A. Her young age.B. Her vital role in her work.C. Her great courage.D. Her responsibility at work.5. Which of the following words can best describe Zhou Chengyu?A. Learned and confident.B. Respectable and generous.C. Patient and responsible.D. Modest and determined.6. Which of the following can replace the underlined words in paragraph 5?A. took prideB. made a contributionC. became a hitD. made an achievement7. What can be the best title for the text?A. A Young PrideB. A Successful ColleagueC. An Extraordinary DreamD. An Ambitious CommanderCDid you know that the average child has heard the word "no" over 20,000 times before they turn the age of three? Ironically, it is also around this time that children begin to develop enough personal character to refuse to obey. The "terrible twos" are categorized by a lack of understanding. Somewhere between three and four, children begin to acquire the skills to reason. It is during this time they watch how other children and adults reason. If we're not careful, the children will watch us model a world of "NOs".By the time a person turns eighteen, how many times have they been told no? I haven't found any studies that even attempted to track this statistic, but I'm sure if the number is 20,000 by three, then at eighteen that number has multiplied. You can do the math.Anyway, I think I know why we say no. We say no to protect. We say no to direct. We say no to stop potential confusion. However, do we sometimes say no just for the sake of saying no? Do we say no because we have internalized(内在化)all of the "NOs" we've heard over the years and we feel it is finally our time to say no to someone else?The internalized no can damage the growth process of dreams in infancy as quickly as it can weaken a three-year-old. And we wonder why we run intopeople with big, un-accomplished dreams who have a bit of a chip on their shoulder. They have to take on the 20,000 NOs. However, the thing that keeps them going is the possibility of the power of ONE YES! Just as it only takes one book to make a writer a Pulitzer Prize Winner, it only takes one word to change the course of your day. That word is YES!8. What do we know about two- year- olds?A. They understand well.B. They often say no to others.C. They think logically.D. They don't do all they're told.9. What effect does saying no have on children?A. They lose all their dreams.B. They aren't easy to succeed.C. They don't make mistakes.D. They never say yes to others.10. Which word best describes the author's attitude to a world of "NOs"?A. Tolerant.B. Disapproving.C. Favorable.D. Carefree.11. What is the text?A. A how-to guide.B. A survey report.C. An opinion essay.D. A short story.DNow most of the workers work from 9 am to 5 pm. However, according to the global Internet survey done by the UK Sleep Council, thesiesta（午睡）was the right idea all along. The UK Sleep Council called on the country'sbosses to end nine-to-five working in favor of more flexible hours. They believe what would really increase the workers' productivity is a nice afternoon nap, rather than those bonuses.Forty-one percent of the 12,000 people who responded to the council's survey said they were most productive in the morning, while 38 percent said theyhit their stridein the evening. "This means most of them cannot fully pay attention to what they do in the middle of the day," said sleep expert Dr. Chris Idzikowskii. "We must conclude from this survey that the traditional nine-to-five working day does not suit most workers." He suggested that allowing workers to follow their natural sleeping habits would actually benefit employers by allowing them to expand their working hours and be more productive.Fortunately, being a college lecturer, I don't have to go to work everyday. I only work three days a week, but during the three days I work really long hours and have no time for a little siesta. I'm usually so tired and sleepy in the afternoon, which really affects thevitality（活力）of my classes.I think Dr. Chris Idzikowskii's idea is worthwhile. When people have flexible working hours they could reach their highest productivity. On top of that, flexible working hours mean thatpeople don't have to work all at the same time. That way we could avoid traffic jams. Therefore, it's really killing two birds with one stone!12. What can improve the workers' productivity, according to the UK Sleep Council?A. More bonuses.B. The flexible working time.C. Working for long hours.D. Working in a relaxing way.13. What does the underlined part probably mean in Paragraph 2?A. Were most sleepy.B. Were most flexible.C. Worked at their own pace.D. Worked at their best.14. What did the UK Sleep Council's survey find?A. Few people are suitable to work at noon.B. People are more productive in the morning.C. Some people like to expand their working hours.D. More and more people prefer to work in the evening.15. Why does the author support Dr. Chris Idzikowskii's idea?A. It could solve most of the traffic problems.B. He finds Dr. Chris Idzikowskii respectable.C. He thinks the idea can benefit the society.D. It allows him to work for fewer hours.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

第一学期期末考试高三英语试题本试卷分第I卷(选择题)和第II卷(非选择题)两部分；考试时间120分钟；满分150分。

第I 卷(选择题，共100分)注意事项：1. 答第I卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、考试科目用铅笔涂写在答题卡上。

2. 每小题选出答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。

不能答在试卷上。

3. 考试结束，考生将第二卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，请先将答案标在试卷上。

录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节：(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

1.How much does the woman weigh now?A. 147 poundsB. 153 poundsC. 160 pounds2.What will the woman do next?A.Do shoppingB. Go to a bankC. Visit a park3.Which transportation did the man take?A.The busB. The taxiC. The underground4.Where does the conversation take place?A.At a store.B. At a tailor’s.C. At home.5.What does the woman think of the advertisements?A.FunnyB. MeaninglessC. Useless第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，合计22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。

绝密★启用前上学期高三期末考试英语注意事项：1.答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。

用2B 铅笔将答题卡上试卷类型A 后的方框涂黑。

2.选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。

3.非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。

写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。

4.考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。

第Ⅰ卷第一部分听力（共两节，满分30 分）(略)第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A 、B 、C 和D ）中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

ASports can help us a lot. Taking exercises can make us strong. In collective(集体的) sports likebasketball, volleyball or football, we will learn the importance of cooperation(合作). And sports can alsohelp us relax after work or study.However, as the saying goes, “there are two sides of everything.”　Sometimes we may hurt otherplayers or ourselves if we are not careful enough when participating(参加) in sports activities. What?s more,too much or hard practice can be bad for our health.Sports can make us healthy both physically and psychologically(心理地). It is also a good way forpeople to know each other and can improve friendship between people. So long as we are careful enough,sports can do us nothing but good.21. can make us strong.A. SleepingB. SingingC. Making friendsD. Taking exercise22. Too much exercise can be for us.A. goodB. enoughC. badD. helpful23. Sports can.A. help people to know each otherB. improve friendship between peopleC. do us nothing but good if we are carefulD. All of the above24. Which of the following is NOT true?A. Sports can help us relax after work or study.B. Sports can only make us healthy physically.C. Sometimes we may hurt other players or ourselves when participating in sports activities.D. Basketball and volleyball are both collective sports.BMany United States companies have made the search for legal protection from import competition intoa major line of work. Since 1980, the United States International Trade Commission(ITC) has receivedabout 280 complaints alleging damage from imports that benefit from subsidies(补贴)by foreign governments. Another 340 charge that foreign companies“dumped ” their products in the United States at“less than fair value ”. Even when no unfair practices are claimed, the simple claim that an industry has been injured by imports is sufficient grounds to seek relief(救济).Contrary to the general impression, this request for import relief has hurt more companies than it hashelped. As corporations begin to function globally, they develop a complicated web of marketing, production, and research relationships. The complexity of these relationships makes it unlikely that asystem of import relief laws will meet the strategic needs of all the units under the same parent company.Internationalization increases the danger that foreign companies will use import relief laws against the verycompanies the laws were designed to protect. Suppose a United States-owned company establishes anoverseas plant to manufacture a product while its competitor makes the same product in the United States.If the competitor can prove injury from the imports ——and that the United States company received asubsidy from a foreign government to build its plant abroad——the United States company?s products willbe uncompetitive in the United States, since they would be subject to duties.Perhaps the most shameful case occurred when the ITC investigated allegations(控诉) that Canadiancompanies were injuring the United States salt industry by dumping rock salt, used to deice roads. Thebizarre aspect of the complaint was that a foreign conglomerate(联合企业) with United States operationswas crying for help against a United States company with foreign operations. The“United Statesclaiming injury was a unit of a Dutch conglomerate, while the“Canadian ” companies included a un此卷只装订不密封班级姓名准考证号考场号座位号Chicago firm that was the second-largest domestic producer of rock salt.25. The passage is chiefly concerned with .A. arguing against the increased internationalization of US corporationsB. recommending a uniform method for handling claims of unfair trade practicesC. warning that the application of laws affecting trade frequently has unintended consequencesD. advocating the use of trade restrictions for “dumped” products but not for other imports26. What can be inferred about the minimal basis for a complaint to the ITC?A. A foreign competitor is selling products in the US at less than fair market value.B. A foreign competitor has greatly increased the volume of products shipped to the US.C. The company requesting import relief has been banned from exporting products.D. The company requesting import relief has been injured by the sale of imports in the US.27. Which of the following is most likely to be true of US trade laws?A. They will eliminate the practice of “dumping” products in the US.B. Those applied to international companies will help to gain more profits.C. They will affect US trade with Canada more negatively than trade with other nations.D. Those helping one unit within a parent company won?t necessarily help other units.CPalaces are known for their beauty and splendor, but they offer little protection against attacks. It iseasy to defend a large building, but usually these buildings are not designed with the comfort of a king inmind. When it comes to structures that are both beautiful and defensive, the European castle is a big success.Castles were originally built in England by the Normans in 1066. They built towers and walls to secure the land they had taken. These castles provided the Normans with a quiet and safe place. They alsoserved as bases of operation for attacks. In this way castles served both defensive and offensive roles. Besides, castles served as offices for governors. Those that were socially beneath the governor would cometo report affairs and express their respect. They would address problems, handle business, feast, and enjoy festivities in castles. So castles served as social centers as well.The first castles were made from earth and wood, and they were likely to suffer from attacks by fire.Then wooden castles were gradually replaced by stone, which greatly increased the strength of these towersand walls. However, attackers could throw flaming objects into castles through the windows or burn thewooden doors. This led to moving the windows and entrances off of the ground floor and up to the firstfloor to make them more difficult to access.During the Middle Ages, attacks increased in regularity, so castle defenses were updated. Arrow-slits were added. They were small holes in the castle, which allowed defenders to fire without being hurt. Towers were built from which defenders could provide fire on both sides. The towers were connected to the castle by wooden bridges, so that if one tower fell, the rest of the castle was still easy to defend. A lot ofrings of castle walls were constructed, so that even if attackers went past one wall, they would be caught ona killing ground between inner and outer walls. All of these increased the defense of castles.The end of castles can be attributed to gunpowder. During the 15th century, artillery, a kind of large guns, became powerful enough to break through stone walls. This greatly made the role of castles less effective. Though castles no longer serve their original purposes, remaining castles receive millions of visitors each year who wish to experience the situations of ancient times.28. What was the original function of castles according to the passage?A. They served as tourist attractions.B. They were important social centers.C. They marked religious ceremonies.D. They were built for use in emergencies.29. The reason why wooden castles were replaced by stone castles was that .A. stone castles cost less moneyB. stone castles offered better defenseC. wooden castles were uncomfortableD. wooden castles took a long time to build30. Which of the following showed an improvement in castle defenses?A. Castles were totally separated by stones.B. Arrow-slits were made in large quantities.C. Rings of walls were built to defend the towers.D. Windows and entrances were moved to the higher floor.31. What is the best title of the passage?A. Fancy Living: Learning about CastlesB. Normans: Bringing Castles to EnglandC. A History of Castles: The Rise and Fall of CastlesD. Defending Castles: Technologies Used to Defend CastlesDA schoolgirl saved her father?s life by kicking him in the chest after he suffered a serious allergic。

2018北京市昌平区高三英语（上）期末2018.1单选1.I cannot tell whether she is old or young, I have never seen her.A.andB.forC.butD.or2.---Did you enjoy yourself at the party?---Yes, I by the hostess.A.was treatedB.would be treatedC.treatedD.had treated3.---Mr. Smiths is not in the office at present.---All right. I him later.A.visitB.have visitedC.will visitD.will be visiting4.You can use either WeChat wallet or PayPal products in this shopping mall.A.purchasingB.to purchaseC.purchasedD.having purchased5. the course too difficult to follow, I decided to move to a lower level.A.RealizeB.RealizingC.To realizeD.Realized6.High-speed rail changes life. That is we keep building it.A.whatB.whereC.whichD.why7.Download the app you're able to read news.A.whereB.thatC.whichD.when8.---I'm afraid I can't follow the teacher in my first lesson.---Take it easy. You guess your way through the lesson.A.mightB.shouldC.needD.can9.My foreign teacher Jack is a kung fu fan. He Tai Chi since he came to Beijing.A.has been practicingB.practicedC.practicesD.was practicing10. some people regard as a drawback is seen as a plus by many others.A.WhetherB.ThatC.WhatD.How11.I take my smart phone with me every day, I want to record wonderful moments.A.in caseB.now thatC.even i fD.as if12.---How long does one thousand dollars last?--- with care, it will last for four weeks.A.To spendB.SpentC.SpendingD.Spend13.Our self-developed large passenger plane 730 orders and more orders are on the way.A.receivedB.receivesC.had receivedD.has received14.What would you do if you this was the last night of the world?A.should knowB.would knowC.knewD.had known15.Your quality of life directly depends on convenient public transport is in your city.A.whyB.thatC.whetherD.how完形填空16I Was ThereI was heading to the gym one cold evening in late autumn. As I walked through a parking lot, I saw a homeless man. He was 1 in to sleep against the wall surrounding a trash-bin （垃圾桶）. As I 2 by, my heart sank.I was about half a block past him when I turned and walked back. I knew it was not a good idea to 3 this man. Many people in the streets suffer from mental illness. As a woman, it was 4 for me to ask a strange man if he needed 5 . And it was getting dark. I was shivering with fright as I stood before the man. "Sir, I live over there. " I pointed to my house and explained that our community police officers said they would try to help the homeless find 6 if we called. I asked if it was okay to call the police, and he said that it was. Since I did not 7 a cell phone, Imade a call at a nearby business.When I 8 , I told him I had made the call and asked if it was okay for me to wait with him. I was afraid the police would pass by and not 9 him. I did not want him to be invisible. Again, he 10 agreed. He then asked, "Do you think they'll find me an apartment?"I did not know and felt even 11 with stopping. A person should know the answer to the question, and I did not. But I answered, "I think they will get you 12 tonight and get your information. Then, 13 time, I think they will be able to find some place for you." As he was 14 that, I added in earnest, "Sir, it's too cold to 15 out here."I did not have any money or food with me - just two water bottles. I smiled, pulled out one of the water bottles and offered it to him. He took the 16 and then sat up, as if he wanted to respect the effort I made. He thought for a moment and the began drinking.When the 17 arrived, they assured me that he would have shelter and even thanked me.I have sometimes wondered why I 18 that night. I knew very little about the homeless that cold night. But that calm man reminded me that 19 here will always be people who are better able to do something, sometimes you 20 stop because you are the one who is there.1.A.settling B.giving C.taking D.checking2.A.stood B.walked C.sat y3.A.bother B.hurt C.interview D.ignore4.A.casual B.unwise C.serious D.unfamiliar5.A.help B.rest fort D.advice6.A.housing B.belonging C.food D.phone7.A.lose B.repair C.borrow D.carry8.A.visited B.left C.returned D.waited9.A.see B.suspect C.seize D.accept10.A.excitedly B.calmly C.generously D.eagerly11.A.pleasant B.curious C.natural D.anxious12.A.reply B.invitation C.clothes D.shelter13.A.in B.over C.on D.by14.A.concluding B.repeating C.digesting D.regretting15.A.talk B.drink C.sleep D.feed16.A.bag B.bottle C.hand D.money17.A.passers-by B.volunteers C.policemen D.doctors18.A.exercised B.arrived C.called D.stopped19.A.if B.since C.unless D.though20.A.could B.will C.must D.would阅读理解17ALine dancing is a group dance often associated with American country music. Dancers form a line and perform steps in time with each other and the music. This type of dancing became particularly popular in America in the 1970s. Line dancing took off in many other countries in the 1990s thanks to country hits such as Billy Ray Cyrus's "Achy Breaky Heart". Tap dancing is performed by dancers with metal soles（鞋底）on their shoes. This makes a distinctive tapping sound. There are no clear origins of tap dancing and various forms have been found in Africa, Ireland, England and the West Indies. Morris dancing is an English folk dance traditionally performed in spring. Dancers in and step together as a group, often using sticks or swords and waving handkerchiefs in the air. This type of dancing is mostly performed in rural areas of England.Irish dancing is a group dance made popular in 1994 by the "Riverdance" show. The dance is performed by kicking the legs quickly and precisely while maintaining the upper body still. Performers traditionally dance to Irish folk music.Northern Soul dance movement started in England in the 1960s. It was part of the craze for Northern Soul music, anAmerican Motown style which was particularly popular in areas of northern England such as Manchester.Salsa is a Latin dance which is performed by couples. Throughout the dance, the upper body remains more or less level while the hips sway from side to side. This is known as the "Cuban hip movement". Although the dance originated in the Caribbean, it is popular all over the world.Break dancing is an urban dance style which originated in New York in the 1970s. The dance evolved among young people as a form of street entertainment. It is mostly performed to hip-hop music and involves a number of gravity-defying moves such as balancing on one hand. Break dancing became popular after being featured in music videos such as Run DMC's "It's Like That".(1)What do we learn about Line dancing?A.It is danced in pairs.B.Dancers kick the legs.C.Dancers keep upper body still.D.It is danced to the country music.(2)Which of the following pictures shows Morris dancing?A. B. C. D.(3)The passage intends to .A.teach people how to danceB.introduce some types of dancespare the popularity of dancesD.describe the development of dances18BLuke Fortune drove from a small town in Central Oregon to Portland, where he parked his car in a paid garage overnight. The next morning, he discovered that the car's window had been damaged, along with his dreams for the future: his backpack and computer were gone."Everything important to me was on that computer," said Fortune, 21，who is studying to become a paramedic （护理人员）. "My classwork, every paper I'd written, and all the programs I needed for my paramedic tests. Every letter I was working on for job applications. I felt sick."Two days after the theft, another young man was standing outside his apartment, also in Portland. Masoud Almazrouei, 29, was an exchange student from the United Arab Emirates. He had been approached by a man who said he had a computer for sale. Only $200. Almazrouei, who had been in the United States for only a year, needed a computer, so he bought it, took it home, and turned it on. Within seconds, he saw files and photographs."I wondered who would sell a computer with all of this on it," he said. "I realized it could be stolen." Almazrouei found what appeared to be the owner's cell phone number and called it. "This guy with a thick accent told me he had my computer," Fortune said. "He told me the story and said it was his fault. I thought it was a scam. I told him if he really had the computer, he should take it to the police."Soon after, a police officer called Fortune to say that a man had dropped the computer off and had said he was sorry. He passed along the man's number.Fortune called and thanked Almazrouei and insisted on paying him a reward of $200, the money he was out. Almazrouei refused. He said it was his mistake to buy the computer from someone he didn't know. More important, he said, it was his honor and duty to return the laptop to the rightful owner. "I saw a photo of this man in his paramedic uniform," Almazrouei said. "They help people. He is a good man. I don't want my money back."When the story made it to the local papers, Almazrouei received a call from Wim Wiewel, the president of Portland State University, where Almazrouei is studying economics. Impressed with his student's virtue, Wiewel gave Almazrouei a newcomputer. "We thought since you gave back the laptop, we should give you a laptop so that you'll have one," Wiewel told him. "We're very proud of you."(1)Fortune felt sick after the theft, mainly because .A.the window of his car was brokenB.important files were on the computerC.he couldn't take academic coursesD.he paid much money for the backpack(2)What does the underlined word "scam" in paragraph 4 probably mean?A.An illegal trick.B.An unfair game.C.A false punishment.D.A special experience.(3)Why did Almazrouei return the laptop to Fortune?A.He got a new one.B.It did not work well.C.It was a stolen computer.D.He was asked to do so by the police.(4)What does the author intend to convey?A.Honesty.B.Freedom.C.Friendship.D.Justice.19CStudents take lunch breaks at school every day, and grown-ups take them at their jobs. Almost everyone stops to eat at some point in his or her day, and that includes astronauts.Eating a meal in space takes some extra planning and preparation. Weightlessness raises a set of concerns — from storing the food safely to making sure that crumbs （碎屑）don't float off and jam the equipment.Colonel John Glenn was the first American to circle the Earth. When he made his three - Orbit trip around Earth on February 20, 1962, he brought along a little something to eat. It wasn't much, but it made him the first person in history to have a space meal.Glenn was part of NASA's Project Mercury, the United States' first manned space program. He and his co-astronauts feasted on bite-sized cubes, freeze-dried powders, and nutritious goo squeezed from aluminum tubes. None of it tasted very good, they all agreed, and eating in zero gravity took a lot more concentration than eating at the NASA cafeteria. Still, it was better than going hungry.Project Gemini flew ten two-person space missions during 1965 and 1966. By then, the astronaut' food cubes were coated with gelatin （凝胶）to prevent crumbling. At the same time, improved packaging made it easier to put moisture （水分）into freeze-dried foods. Best of all, scientists had figured out ways to improve the menu. Gemini's astronauts could choose from such delicacies as shrimp cocktail, chicken and vegetables, and butterscotch pudding or applesauce.Then came the Apollo program, which in July 1969 placed the first person on the moon. The quality and variety of space food was even better. Apollo astronauts were the first ones to have hot water, which made it easier to prepare their freeze-dried meals. Special bags were introduced that kept food warm indefinitely. A new item called a "spoon bowl" had also been invented. It let astronauts eat with a spoon in a weightless environment.Compared to crews on earlier spacecraft, the astronauts on Skylab (the United States' first space station) in the 1970s lived in comparative four-star luxury. Their orbiting home had a small dining room with footholds to keep the crew members in place as they gathered around the dinner table. They also had a refrigerator, a freezer, and 72 food items to choose from! In later tears, space shuttle astronauts chose their own meals in "food evaluation" sessions before Professionals helped them construct diets that provided 100 percent of their nutritional needs.(1)What problem did Glenn's space meal in 1962 deal with?A.Taste.B.Nutrition.C.Survival.D.Appearance.(2)The most effective change in Project Gemini was that astronauts had food .A.within a capsuleB.in better packagesC.in the shape of cubeD.with various choices(3)How did the Apollo program improve the way astronauts ate in space?A.They dined around a table.B.They had freeze-dried meals.C.They ordered before taking off.D.They ate warm food with a spoon.(4)What is the passage mainly about?A.The variety of the space food.B.The life of astronauts in space.C.The development of dining in space.D.The achievements of the space projects.20DWe often think of the need for critical（批判性的）thinking in the context of nonscientific approaches to extraordinary statements about the natural world. We call that pseudoscience（伪科学）, and as a solution we often recommend more science course, especially those focusing on critical thinking. But critical thinking is not unique to the sciences. A study by two researchers at North Carolina State University, Anne McLaughlin and Alicia McGill, indicates that explicitly teaching critical thinking skills in a humanities course can significantly reduce students' beliefs in pseudoscience.They worked with 117 students in three different classes. 59 students were in a psychology research methods class that did not specifically cover critical thinking. They served as the control group. The other 58 were in one of two courses on historical mysteries. Their courses were explicitly designed to develop skills in critical thinking. The control group students did not change their beliefs, but students in both history courses had lower beliefs in pseudoscience at the end of the term.Even beliefs in specific topics not covered in the history courses went down, an indication that students were applying their critical thinking skills on their own. "The change we see in these students is important, because beliefs are extremely hard to change," said McLaughlin, associate professor of psychology at NG State.Coauthor McGill, assistant professor of history at NG State, agrees. "This drives home the importance of teaching critical thinking and the essential role that humanities can play in the process." She said the study may be especially timely right now. "Humanities courses: give students tools," she says. "Humanities also offer us historical and cultural perspective that allows us to put current events in context."Their study, "Explicitly Teaching Critical Thinking Skills in a History Course”, was published in Science & Education. It see ms to be having some impact already. McLaughlin told the Skeptical Inquirer that they have received many emails from the media and other very inspiring. People seem hungry for critical thinking tools and students probably won't just pick up those skills without explicit instruction and practice.Their study couldn't track students over time, but if the effects of the humanities courses successful teaching of critical thinking skills could be shown to keep existing over time, it would be an especially welcome advance. In the meantime, it is good for all of us to recognize that science course aren't the only academic route to teaching critical thinking and resisting pseudoscientific ideas.(1)The underlined sentence in paragraph 3 indicates that .A.teaching critical thinking in history courses is effectiveB.beliefs are really hard to changeC.the control group can freely practice their critical thinkingD.the participants suspect the topics covered in class(2)How can humanities influence people's thinking according to McGill?A.They help students evaluate positively.B.They offer students new ways of thinking.C.They give people science thinking tools.D.They encourage people to predict the future.(3)How does the author think of teaching critical thinking?A.Critical thinking cannot be trained in a term.B.Clear guidance and practice is quite necessary.C.The effect of critical thinking cannot last long.D.History courses are the most practical approach.(4)According to McLaughlin, which of the following examples proves his opinion?A."I love history even more."B."I prefer science courses to humanities."C."I come to doubt the historical mysteries."D."I hardly put current events in cultural aspects."七选五213D printing: the future of food production?3D printing is becoming more and more popular. 1 People and businesses are able to create the things they need very quickly and easily using 3D printers.But can you imagine printing food? Some scientists are trying to revolutionise the dining experience by doing this. They hope that having a 3D printer in the kitchen will become as commonplace as the microwave. Scientists say that they are easy to use: you simply have to select a recipe and put the raw food "inks" into the printer. 2 This means that it would be very quick and easy to create tasty and nutritious meals.3 There would be less need for traditional growing, transporting and packaging processes as food production would be a lot more efficient. For example, alternative ingredients （配料）such as proteins from algae, carrot leaves and insects could be turned into tasty products!However, some people think that a future of 3D-printed food would be a disaster. It could take away many jobs, including those for growing, transporting and packaging food. Imagine a world where there was no need for farming or growing crops and the same tastes and textures could be printed from a raw "food ink". 4 Also, there are concerns about then nutritional value of printed food: is it really possible to get the nutrients we need from food - based inks and gels （凝胶）? What's more, cooking and eating together with family and friends has long been a traditional and enjoyable activity. 5A.Likewise, traditional cafes and restaurants might lose business.B.Printing food could also help people who suffer from a swallowing disorder.C.You can also modify the instructions to make the food exactly how you want it.D.They could program the printer to print softer versions of their favourite foods.ing 3D printers to create your meals would also be saving the environment.F.We are now able to print things such as clothing, musical instruments and cars.G.It is hard to imagine a world where the joy of cooking is dead and meals can be created at the touch of a button.书面表达22假设你的澳大利亚笔友Mike准备参加近期举行的汉语桥世界大学生中文比赛节目，他要讲述一个中国成语故事，来信请你推荐一个成语。

2019-2020学年北京市昌平区北七家中学高三英语上学期期末考试试题及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AIf your Spanish is good enough, many Spanish gossip magazines being published around the world will provide entertainment and, at the same time, help you practice your language.Diez Minutos: The magazine is a classic Spanish gossip feast with dailynews based on many stories of love, separation, divorce and death. The two main parts are headlined "love" and "partners". They also have an online version of the magazine for serious gossip addicts.Hola: It isSpain's top weekly magazine and the leader of the gossip world. It contains many pictures and a round-up of well-known and less well-known nobles and people in show business. Apart from edited highlights from the present and past issues, there is a report of the week and photo of the week. There is also a French version called OhLa!Revista CUORE: As the third best-selling gossip magazine inSpain, it is mainly aimed at younger teenage readers who look not only for current celebrity gossip, but also for fashion and TV news. It uses a lot of oral terms.Revista SEMANA: It is a Spanish magazine covering the latest news on the famous inSpainandHollywood. It also offers its readers information on fashion, beauty, cooking and travel.Marujeo: It is a blog serving up a daily diet of national gossip news on Spanish and international celebrities and the celebrity world from a particular point of view.Revista CARAS: It is a magazine published in various countries ofLatin America. It is also exported to certain parts of theUnited States, bringing together strange and wonderful news from around the world and the famous Latin community.1.Which magazine is also published in French?A.MarujeoB.Revista SEMANA.C.Revista CARAS.D.Hola.2.How many of the magazines mentioned in the text can be read on the Internet?A.Four.B.Three.C.Two.D.One.3.What can be learned from the passage?A.Diez Minutos presents its readers weekly picturesB.Revista CUORE can help improve one's spoken Spanish.C.Revista SEMANA is intended for readers in teensD.Revista CARAS mainly reports news fromLatin America.BYou’ve heard that plastic is polluting the oceans — between 4.8 and 12.7 million tonnes enter ocean ecosystems every year. But does one plastic straw or cup really make a difference? Artist Benjamin Von Wong wants you to know that it does. He builds massive sculptures out of plastic garbage, forcing viewers to re-examine their relationship to single-use plastic products.At the beginning of the year, the artist built a piece called “Strawpocalypse,” a pair of 10-foot-tall plastic waves, frozen mid-crash. Made of 168,000 plastic straws collected from several volunteer beach cleanups, the sculpture made its first appearance at the Estella Place shopping center in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.Just 9% of global plastic waste is recycled. Plastic straws are by no means the biggest source（来源）of plastic pollution, but they’ve recently come under fire because most people don’t need them to drink with and, because of their small size and weight, they cannot be recycled. Every straw that’s part ofVon Wong’s artwork likely came from a drink that someone used for only a few minutes. Once the drink is gone, the straw will take centuries to disappear.In a piece from 2018, Von Wong wanted to illustrate（说明）a specific statistic: Every 60 seconds, a truckload’s worth of plastic enters the ocean. For this work, titled “Truckload of Plastic,” Von Wong and a group of volunteers collected more than 10,000 pieces of plastic, which were then tied together to look like they’d been dumped（倾倒）from a truck all atonce.Von Wong hopes that his work will also help pressure big companies to reduce their plastic footprint.4. What are Von Wong’s artworks intended for?A. Beautifying the city he lives in.B. Introducing eco-friendly products.C. Drawing public attention to plastic waste.D. Reducing garbage on the beach.5. Why does the author discuss plastic straws in paragraph 3?A. To show the difficulty of their recycling.B. To explain why they are useful.C. To voice his views on modern art.D. To find a substitute for them.6. What effect would “Truckload of Plastic” have on viewers?A. Calming.B. Disturbing.C. Refreshing.D. Challenging.7. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A. Artists’ Opinions on Plastic SafetyB. Media Interest in Contemporary ArtC. Responsibility Demanded of Big CompaniesD. Ocean Plastics Transformed into SculpturesCSaroo Brierley, a 4-year-old boy, livedin ruralIndia. One day, he played with his brother along the rail line and fell asleep. When he woke up, he found himself alone. So he got on the train in front of him to search for his brother.That train took him a thousand miles across the country to a totally strange city. He lived on the streets, and then in an orphanage (孤儿院), where he was adopted by an Australian family and taken to Tasmania.Brierley is a famous writer now, and in his new book,A Long Way Home, he wrote he couldn’t help but wonder about his hometown back inIndia. He remembered landmarks, but since he didn’t know his town’s name, finding a small neighborhood in a vast country seemed impossible.Then he found a digital mapping program. He spent years searching for his hometown in the program’s satellite pictures. In 2011, he came across something familiar. He studied it and realized he was looking at a town’s central business district from a bird’s-eye view. He thought, “On the right-hand side you should see the three-platform train station”—and there it was. “And on the left-hand side you should see a big fountain”—and there it was. Everything matched!Standing in front of the house where he grew up as a child, he saw a lady standing at the entrance. It took him a few seconds but he finally remembered what she used to look like.In an interview Brierley says, “My mother came forth and walked forward, and I walked forward, my eyes filled with tears and my brain blank. I just didn’t know what to say, because I never thought seeing my mother would ever come true. And here I am, standing in front of her.”8. Why did Brierley get on the train when he was a little boy?A. To go back to his home.B. To look for his brother.C. To travel toTasmania.D. To follow a stranger.9. What made it difficult for Brierley to find his hometown?A. The vast area ofIndia.B. The fact that he was nobody then.C. His not remembering the town’s name.D. The distance betweenAustraliaand his hometown.10. How did Brierley find his hometown?A. By studying digital maps.B. By analyzing old pictures.C. By travelling all aroundIndia.D. By spreading his story via his book.11. What’s the best title of the passage?A. Love for MotherB. Union with BrotherC. Memory of HometownD. Long Way back HomeDThe Gata used to look annoyed when they received power bills that routinely topped $200. Last September the couple moved into a 1,500-square-foot home in Premier Gardens, an area of 95 “zero-energy homes” (ZEH) just outside town. Now they're actually eager to see their electricity bills. The grand total over the 10 months they've lived in the three-bedroom house: $75. For the past two months, they haven’t paid a cent.ZEH communities are the leading edge of technologies that might someday create houses that produce as much energy as they consume. Premier Gardens is one of a half-dozen subdivisions (住宅开发项目) in California where every home cuts power consumption by 50%, mostly by using low power appliances and solar panels.Aside from the panels on the roof, Premier Gardens looks like a community of traditional homes. But inside, special windows cut power bills by blocking solar heat in summer and keeping indoor warmth winter.The rest of the energy savings comes from the solar units. They don't just feed the home they serve. If they generate more power than the home is using, the excess flows into the utility's power grid(电网). The residents are billed by “net metering”: they pay for the amount of power that they get from the grid, minus the kilowatts(千瓦) they feed into it. If a home generates more power than it uses, the bill is zero.That sounds like a bad deal for the power company, but it's not. Solar homes produce the most power on the hot sunny afternoons when everyone rushes home to turn up the air conditioner. "It helps us lower usage at peak power times," says solar expert Mike Keesee. “That lets us avoid building costly plants or buying expensive power at peak usage time.”What’s not to like? Mostly the costs. The special features can add $25,000 or more to the purchase price of a house. Tax breaks bring the cost down, especially in California, but in many states ZEHs can be extremely expensive. For the consumer, it's a matter of paying now for the hardware to save later on the power bill.12. Why is the Gata eager to see their electricity bills now?A. They want to cut down their utility' expenses.B. They want to know if they are able to pay.C. They want to see how much they have saved.D. They want to avoid being overcharged.13. What is special about the ZEH communities?A. They are built in harmony with the environment.B. They have created cutting edge technologies.C. They are subdivided into half a dozen sections.D. They aim to be independent in power supply.14. What does the "net metering" practice mean to the power company?A. More pressure at peak timeB. Reduced operational costs.C. Increased electricity output.D. Less profits in the short term.15. The author believes that buying a house in a ZEH community __________.A. is a worthy investment in the long runB. is but a dream for average consumersC. gives the owner great tax benefitsD. contributes toenvironmental protection第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。