关系代词关系副词用法
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区别是:关系副词在定语从句中做状语,关系代词在定语从句中做主语后者宾语。
他们和关系代词主要的区别是where,when,why=介词+which。
1、关系代词(that, who, whom, whose, which)所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词,并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。
例一、Is he the man who/that wants to see you?(who / that在从句中作主语,指人)例二、He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.(whom / that 在从句中作宾语,指人)例三、They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.(whose在句中作定语,指人)例四、Please pass me the book whose cover is green.(whose 在句中作定语,指物。
)2、关系副词(when, where, why,)可代替的先行词是时间、地点或原因的名词,在从句中作状语。
关系副词when, where,why的含义相当于"介词+ which"结构,因此常常和"介词+ which"结构交替使用。
例五、Beijing is the place where (in which) I was born.例六、Is this the reason why (for which) he refused our offer?例七、His father died the year (when / in which) he was born.例八、He can’t find the place (where / in which) he lived forty years ago.二丶判断用关系代词和关系副词用关系代词,还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。
定语从句中的关系代词和关系副词归纳在定语从句中,关系代词和关系副词是起到连接作用的词语,它们可以将一个句子与一个修饰它的定语从句连接起来。
在使用过程中,我们需要注意它们的用法和区别。
本文将对定语从句中的关系代词和关系副词进行归纳和总结。
一、关系代词关系代词是用来引导定语从句并且在定语从句中充当主语、宾语或者介词宾语的词语。
主要有以下几个关系代词:1. 关系代词"that":在非限制性定语从句中不能使用,一般用来引导非人的先行词,如物品、动物等。
例如:I have a book that is interesting.2. 关系代词"who":主要指人,在定语从句中作主语或者宾语。
例如:I have a friend who is a doctor.3. 关系代词"which":一般用来引导非限制性定语从句,修饰整个句子或者句子中的某一部分。
例如:This is my car, which is red.4. 关系代词"whom":同样指人,在定语从句中作宾语。
例如:I have a friend whom I trust.5. 关系代词"whose":用来指人或物,表示所属关系。
例如:This is the girl whose bag was stolen.二、关系副词关系副词是用来引导定语从句并且在定语从句中表示地点、时间、程度、原因等关系的副词。
主要有以下几个关系副词:1. 关系副词"where":表示地点,在定语从句中修饰名词。
例如:This is the place where we met.2. 关系副词"when":表示时间,在定语从句中修饰名词。
例如:This is the day when we first met.3. 关系副词"how":表示方式或程度,在定语从句中修饰名词。
定语从句中关系代词与关系副词的用法在英语中,定语从句是一种常见的句子结构,用来修饰名词或代词,并且从句中包含一个关系词(关系代词或关系副词)。
这些关系词有不同的用法,本文将详细讨论关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中的用法。
一、关系代词的用法关系代词在定语从句中可以替代一个名词,在从句中充当主语、宾语或介词宾语,并且与先行词有着相同的数和人称形式。
常见的关系代词有:that, which, who, whom, whose。
1. 关系代词作主语在定语从句中,关系代词作主语时,从句的谓语动词要和先行词保持一致。
例:The book that is on the table is mine.(这本放在桌子上的书是我的。
)2. 关系代词作宾语在定语从句中,当关系代词作宾语时,它所代表的先行词是动词的直接宾语。
如果先行词是人,可以使用who或whom,如果先行词是物,则使用that或which。
例:I met the girl who/whom you introduced to me yesterday.(我昨天见了你给我介绍的那个女孩。
)3. 关系代词作介词宾语当关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时,关系代词之前的介词通常不能省略。
例:This is the park in which/where we often go for a walk.(这是我们经常去散步的公园。
)4. 关系代词在非限制性定语从句中的用法在非限制性定语从句中,关系代词用来引导从句,用来补充说明或者给出进一步的信息。
这时的关系代词只能用which或who,而不能使用that。
例:Michael Jordan, who is a famous basketball player, retired in 2003.(迈克尔·乔丹,一个著名的篮球运动员,在2003年退役。
)二、关系副词的用法关系副词在定语从句中用来引导从句,修饰先行词的名词。
关系副词和关系代词的用法关系副词和关系代词是用来引导定语从句的词语,表示两个句子或两个成分之间的关系。
关系副词有:why(为什么)、when(什么时候)、where(在哪里)、how(如何)等。
关系代词有:that(不指人)、who(指人)、whom(指人,在句中作宾语时使用)、whose(指人或物的所有关系)、which(指物)等。
关系副词和关系代词的用法如下:1. 关系副词的用法:- why:引导定语从句,表示原因或理由。
例如:I don't know why he left.- when:引导定语从句,表示时间。
例如:Do you remember the day when we first met?- where:引导定语从句,表示地点。
例如:She will show you the room where she lives.- how:引导定语从句,表示方式或方法。
例如:I don't know how he did it.2. 关系代词的用法:- that/who/which:用来引导定语从句,修饰一个名词或代词。
例如:The book that/which I bought yesterday is very interesting.The girl who/whom I met yesterday is my friend.- whom:用来引导定语从句,作宾语,一般用于非正式场合。
例如:The man whom I saw in the park is my teacher.- whose:用来引导定语从句,表示所属关系。
例如:The boy whose father is a doctor is in my class.需要注意的是,关系代词在从句中起着两个作用,一是引导从句,二是在从句中起一个成分(主语、宾语等)。
而关系副词只起引导从句的作用,不在从句中起成分。
关系词(关系代词和关系副词)有时可以省略,但这只限于限制性定1.关系代词作宾语时的省略:当关系代词who,whom,which和that在定语从句中用作动词宾语或介词位于句末时的介词宾语时Isthereanything(that/which)youwanted?注意:当先行词为all,much,little以及不定代词anything,something,everything等时,关系代词多用thatWhoistheman(that/who/whom)youweretalkingto?Thisisthebestnovel(that)Ihaveeverread.注意:当先行词的前面有形容词最高级、序数词或限定词theonly,thevery,all,every,any,no等时,关系代词一般都用that 2.关系代词作表语时的省略:当关系代词that在定语从句中作表语时,可以省略。
Chinaisnotthecountry(that)itwas.3.4.关系副词等少数几5.关系副词6.关系副词均可省略。
表示原因。
1.how2.关系副词,不能引导3.但是反过来却不一Pleasetellmethereason(that)youknow.关系代词引导的定语从句who,whom,which,that,whose在句中必做成分1)who,whom,that指人,在句中做主语或宾语,作宾语可省略Ishethemanwho/thatwantstoseeyou?做主语Heistheman(whom/that)Isawyesterday.做宾语2)which,that指物,在句中做主语或宾语,作宾语时可省略Aprosperitywhich/thathadneverbeenseenbeforeappearsinthecountryside.做主语Thepackage(which/that)youarecarryingisabouttocomeunwrapped.做宾语3)whose表所属关系,指人或物。
定语从句的关系代词与关系副词定语从句是英语中常用的修饰名词或代词的从句。
它可以通过关系代词或关系副词引导,常用的关系代词有"that, who, whom, whose, which",而常用的关系副词有"where, when, why"。
在本文中,我们将详细探讨定语从句的关系代词与关系副词的使用。
一、关系代词的使用关系代词在定语从句中充当主语、宾语或者修饰名词的成分。
具体使用如下:1. Who"Who"在定语从句中用来修饰指人的名词,作为主语或宾语出现。
例如:- The girl who is standing over there is my sister.(那个站在那里的女孩是我的妹妹。
)- The man who I talked to last night is a famous actor.(昨晚我跟他说话的那个男人是一位著名演员。
)2. Whom"Whom"也用来修饰指人的名词,在定语从句中通常作为宾语出现。
例如:- I met the girl whom you introduced to me yesterday.(我昨天见到了你介绍给我的那个女孩。
)3. Whose"Whose"用来修饰指人或指物的名词,表示所属关系。
例如:- The book whose cover is red is mine.(封面是红色的那本书是我的。
)4. Which"Which"修饰指物的名词,在定语从句中作为主语或宾语出现。
例如:- Do you know the reason why the bus was late?(你知道公交车晚点的原因吗?)5. That"That"通常用来修饰人或物的名词,在定语从句中可以作为主语、宾语或修饰名词的成分出现。
例如:- The car that I bought last month is very fast.(我上个月购买的那辆车非常快。
定语从句中的关系代词和关系副词的区别定语从句是英语中常用的修饰名词的从句结构。
在定语从句中,我们可以使用关系代词和关系副词来引导从句。
虽然它们的作用相似,但在使用上存在一些细微的区别。
本文将详细探讨定语从句中关系代词和关系副词的区别。
一、关系代词的用法关系代词可以在定语从句中作为主语、宾语或宾语补足语。
它们用于引导从句并在从句中代替先行词。
1. 主语关系代词主语关系代词在定语从句中担任主语的角色,常用的关系代词有:“who”(指人),“which”(指物),以及“that”(人和物都可指)。
例如:- I know the girl who won the singing competition.(我认识那个赢得唱歌比赛的女孩。
)- Do you have the book which I lent you?(你有我借给你的那本书吗?)- The car that you bought is very expensive.(你买的那辆车很贵。
)2. 宾语关系代词宾语关系代词在定语从句中担任宾语的角色,常用的关系代词有:“whom”(指人),“which”(指物)以及“that”(人和物都可指)。
例如:- She introduced me to her brother whom I had never met before.(她介绍了她的弟弟给我,我以前从未见过他。
)- Is this the pen which you borrowed from me?(这是你从我这儿借的笔吗?)- I saw the movie that everyone was talking about.(我看了大家都在谈论的那部电影。
)3. 宾补关系代词宾补关系代词在定语从句中担任宾语补足语的角色,常用的关系代词有:“whom”(指人),“which”(指物)以及“that”(人和物都可指)。
例如:- They elected him as the captain whom they trusted.(他们选他当队长,因为他们信任他。
英语关系代词和关系副词一、英语关系代词英语关系代词,即用来引导定语从句的代词。
它们连接名词和定语从句,起到连接作用。
英语中的关系代词包括that、who、whom、whose和which。
1. thatthat代词既可以指人,也可以指物。
在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语,一般用于限定性定语从句。
例如:The book that I borrowed from the library is very interesting.我从图书馆借来的那本书很有趣。
2. whowho代词只能指人,在定语从句中作主语或表语,一般用于非限定性定语从句。
此外,在口语中也常用作宾语。
例如:The man who is standing over there is my uncle.那个站在那里的人是我的叔叔。
3. whomwhom代词也只能指人,在定语从句中作宾语,作为介词的宾语时挪到介词前面,一般用于正式文体。
例如:The woman whom I met yesterday is a doctor.我昨天遇见的那个女人是个医生。
4. whosewhose代词用来表示所属关系,指人或物。
它一般在定语从句中修饰名词或代词,作用相当于“……的”。
例如:The boy whose father is a doctor is my classmate.那个父亲是医生的男孩是我的同学。
5. whichwhich代词只能指物,在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语,一般用于限定性定语从句。
例如:The computer which I bought yesterday is very expensive.我昨天买的那台电脑很贵。
二、英语关系副词英语中的关系副词包括when、where和why。
1. whenwhen代词用来引导时间状语从句,在从句中作时间状语,表示某个时间点或时间段。
例如:The day when I first met you was the happiest day in my life.我第一次遇见你的那一天是我一生中最幸福的日子。
关系词(关系代词和关系副词)有时可以省略, 但这只限于限制性定语从句中, 在非限制性定语从句中, 关系词则不可省略。
1.关系代词作宾语时的省略: 当关系代词who, whom, which和that在定语从句中用作动词宾语或介词位于句末时的介词宾语时, 可以省略。
Is there anything (that/which) you wanted?注意: 当先行词为all, much, little以及不定代词anything, something, everything等时, 关系代词多用that Who is the man (that/who/whom) you were talking to?This is the best novel (that) I have ever read.注意: 当先行词的前面有形容词最高级、序数词或限定词the only, the very, all, every, any, no等时, 关系代词一般都用that2.关系代词作表语时的省略:当关系代词that在定语从句中作表语时, 可以省略。
China is not the country (that) it was.3.关系代词作宾补时的省略:当关系代词that在定语从句中用作宾语补足语时, 可以省略。
I’m not the madman (that) you thought me. that做宾补4.关系副词when的省略:用作时间状语的关系副词when通常不能省略, 但有一种特殊情况, 即用于day, year, time等少数几个词后可以省略, 也可换成thatThat was the year (when/that) I first went abroad.I’ll never forget the day (when/that) we met.5. 关系副词where的省略:用作地点状语的关系副词where通常不能省略, 但有一种特殊情况, 即用于place, somewhere, anywhere, everywhere, nowhere少数几个词后时才可以省略, 也可换成thatThis is the place (where/that) they met yesterday.Have you met somewhere (that) I can lie down for an hour?6. 关系副词why的省略: 关系副词why通常只用于the reason后引导定语从句, 且通常可换成that或for which, 均可省略。
关系词(关系代词和关系副词)有时可以省略, 但这只限于限制性定语从句中, 在非限制性定语从句中, 关系词则不可省略。
1.关系代词作宾语时的省略: 当关系代词who, whom, which和that在定语从句中用作动词宾语或介词位于句末时的介词宾语时, 可以省略。
Is there anything (that/which) you wanted?注意: 当先行词为all, much, little以及不定代词anything, something, everything等时, 关系代词多用that Who is the man (that/who/whom) you were talking to?This is the best novel (that) I have ever read.注意: 当先行词的前面有形容词最高级、序数词或限定词the only, the very, all, every, any, no等时, 关系代词一般都用that2.关系代词作表语时的省略:当关系代词that在定语从句中作表语时, 可以省略。
China is not the country (that) it was.3.关系代词作宾补时的省略:当关系代词that在定语从句中用作宾语补足语时, 可以省略。
I’m not the madman (that) you thought me. that做宾补4.关系副词when的省略:用作时间状语的关系副词when通常不能省略, 但有一种特殊情况, 即用于day, year, time等少数几个词后可以省略, 也可换成thatThat was the year (when/that) I first went abroad.I’ll never forget the day (when/that) we met.5. 关系副词where的省略:用作地点状语的关系副词where通常不能省略, 但有一种特殊情况, 即用于place, somewhere, anywhere, everywhere, nowhere少数几个词后时才可以省略, 也可换成thatThis is the place (where/that) they met yesterday.Have you met somewhere (that) I can lie down for an hour?6. 关系副词why的省略: 关系副词why通常只用于the reason后引导定语从句, 且通常可换成that或for which, 均可省略。
That’s the reason (why/for which/that) he came.关系副词的特点: 关系副词用于引出定语从句, 英语的关系副词主要有when, where, why三个。
Sunday is the day (when/that) very few people go to work.That’s the reason (why/for which/that) he dislikes me.Do you know a shop where/that I can find sandals?注意:关系副词用于引出定语从句, 且在从句中用作状语。
关系副词when表示时间, where表示地点, why表示原因。
使用关系副词应注意的几点:1.how不能用作关系副词, 不要想当然地将how用作关系副词置于the way后表示方式:This is the way how he spoke. (wrong)This is how he spoke. /This is the way (that/in which) he spoke. (right)This is the way that he solved the problem. =This is how he solved the problem.2.关系副词when和where既可引导限制性定语从句, 也可引导非限制性定语从句, 但why只能引导限制性定语从句, 不能引导非限制性定语从句(若引导非限制性定语从句, 可用for which reason)3.引导定语从句时, when的先行词为时间, where的先行词为地点, why的先行词为原因(主要是the reason), 但是反过来却不一定Don’t forget the time (that) I’ve told you. 做宾语Do you know the house (that) he bought recently? 做宾语Please tell me the reason (that) you know. 做宾语关系代词引导的定语从句who, whom, which, that, whose在句中必做成分1)who, whom, that指人, 在句中做主语或宾语, 作宾语可省略Is he the man who/ that wants to see you? 做主语He is the man (whom/that) I saw yesterday. 做宾语2)which, that指物, 在句中做主语或宾语, 作宾语时可省略A prosperity which/ that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. 做主语The package (which/that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 做宾语3)whose表所属关系, 指人或物。
指物可与of which互换, 指人可与of whom互换They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.=They rushed over to help the man of whom the car had broken down.=They rushed over to help the man the car of whom had broken down.Please pass me the book whose cover is green.=Please pass me the book the cover of which is green.=Please pass me the book of which the cover is green.关系副词引导的定语从句when, where, why1)区别:及物动词后面无宾语, 用关系代词;不及物动词用关系副词This is the place (where/that) I lived once. where指代the place充当地点状语This is the place (which/that) I visited once. which做visit的宾语, 可省略I’ll never forget the days (which) we spend together. which做spend的宾语, 可省略I’ll never forget the days (when/that) we live together in the country. when指代the days充当时间状语2)关系副词含义相当于”介词+which”结构, 可以互换, 口语中可省略There are occasions when/that one must yield屈服. =There are occasions on which one must yield. Beijing is the place (where/that) I was born. =Beijing is the place on which I was born.Is this the reason (why/that) he refused our offer? = Is this the reason for which he refused our offer?3)that代替关系副词: that可以用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词后取代when, where, why和”介词+which”引导的定语从句, 在口语中that常被省略。
His father died the year (that/when/in which) he was born.He is unlikely to find the place (where/that/in which) he lived forty years ago.不能用that的情况1)引导非限制性定语从句时, 不能用thatThe tree, that is four hundred years old, is very famous here. (wrong, 应用which)2)介词后不能用We depend on the land from which we got our food.=We depend on the land which/that we got our food from.只能用that的情况1)在there be句型中, 只用that, 不用which2)在不定代词如anything, nothing, the one, all, much, few, any, little等做先行词时, 只用that3)先行词有the only, the very修饰时, 只用that4)先行词为序数词、数词、形容词最高级时, 只用that5)先行词即有人, 又有物时当先行词是way时, 关系副词常常省略。
I appreciate the way (that) you teach me.That作为关系副词所具备的功能, 即代替when、where、why三大关系副词或介词+ which。
但这种代替是有条件的, 主要适用于表示时间、地点、原因、方式这四大类基本含义的先行词, 即time(替代when),place(替代where),reason(替代why),way(替代in which),其中time类的词汇最多, 包括若干下义词, 如hour, evening, summer, year, moment等。
大概是因为这些词最基本、最常用, 所以在约定俗成的习惯下挣脱了原有关系副词的束缚。
此外, that还可以与speed, distance等先行词连用, 此时无法用where代替。