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呼吸系统疾病基础知识概述(英文版)

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呼吸系统疾病中英文版培训课件

呼吸系统疾病中英文版培训课件
• 右侧支气管较直陡
• 毛细支气管的平滑肌在5个月前发育较差， 3岁后才发育
• 婴儿支气管缺乏弹力组织，细支气管无软 骨，呼气时受压，影响气体交换
• 粘液腺发育不良，粘膜纤毛运动差，清除 力差
• 婴儿期的呼吸道梗阻主要是粘膜肿胀和分 泌物阻塞
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以环状软骨下缘为界，分为： • 上呼吸道 • 下呼吸道
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上 呼 吸 道
lower edge of cricoid cartilage
下 呼 吸 道
Anatomy of Respiratory Tract
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Nose and Paranasal Sinuses 鼻和鼻窦
• 鼻腔短 • 无鼻毛 • 后鼻道窄 • 粘膜嫩 • 血管丰富 • 鼻泪管短
ARIs
Байду номын сангаас
• 吸吮困难 • 呼吸困难 • 结膜炎 • 鼻窦炎
R=1/r4
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Pharynx and Eustachian Tube 咽和咽鼓管
文档仅供参考，不能作为科学依据，请勿模仿；如有不当之处，请联系网站或本人删除。
Characteristics of Anatomy
➢ The respiratory tract is divided into upper respiratory tract and lower respiratory tract by the lower edge of cricoid cartilage.

呼吸系统疾病(英文)页PPT文档

呼吸系统疾病(英文)页PPT文档

Respiratory Infections
The most frequent infections of childhood: 68/year
Pathogens:viruses,bacterial, other pathogens Host and environmental factors Classification of respiratory infections
Based on anatomy or X-ray manifestation
Bronchopneumonia Lobar or Lobular Pneumonia Interstitial Pneumonia
Pneumonia
Enmei Liu Children’s Hospital, CMU
Case -1
Jack, age four months, is sent at home by his general practitioner because of two days of rapid, laboured breathing and poor feeding. He was born at 27 weeks’ gestation, birth weight 979g and was discharged home at three months of age. On examination he was a fever of 37.4C and a respiratory rate of 60 breaths/min. His chest is hyperinflated with marked intercoatal recession. On auscultation there are generalized fine crackles and wheezes.

呼吸系统-英文版ppt课件

呼吸系统-英文版ppt课件

可编辑课件PPT
6
Diaphragm located below the lungs, attaching to the lower ribs, sternum and lumbar spine and forming the base of the thoracic cavity, is the major muscle of respiration. It is a large, dome-shaped muscle that contracts rhythmically and continually, and most of the time, involuntarily. Upon inhalation, the diaphragm contracts and flattens and the chest cavity enlarges. This contraction creates a vacuum, which pulls air into the lungs. Upon exhalation, the diaphragm relaxes and returns to its domelike shape, and air is forced out of the lungs.
可编辑课件PPT
5
When you breathe, the air: enters the body through the nose or the mouth travels down the throat through the larynx (voice box) and trachea (windpipe) goes into the lungs through tubes called main-stem bronchi one main-stem bronchus leads to the right lung and one to the left lung in the lungs, the main-stem bronchi divide into smaller bronchi and then into even smaller tubes called bronchioles bronchioles end in tiny air sacs called alveoli

呼吸系统疾病(英文)共82页文档

呼吸系统疾病(英文)共82页文档

Based on the onset site of pneumonia
❖ Community Acquired Pneumonia (CAP) ❖ Hospital Acquired Pneumonia (HAP)
Bronchopneumonia
Question
Why are children likely have bronchopneumonia?
Question
What is pneumonia?
Definition
Pneumonia is an inflammation of the parenchyma of the lungs.
Question
How about the prevalence of pneumonia?
Incidence
Based on anatomy or X-ray manifestation
❖ Bronchopneumonia ❖ Lobar or Lobular Pneumonia ❖ Interstitial Pneumonia
Based on etiology
❖ Bacterial pneumonia ❖ Viral Pneumonia ❖ Mycoplasma Pneumonia ❖ Chlamydia Pneumonia
❖ Pneumonia accounts for approximately 15% of all respiratory tract infections.
❖ Worldwide, about 3 million children die each year from pneumonia, with the majority of these deaths occurring in developing count cause bronchopneumonia?

医学英语 呼吸系统

医学英语 呼吸系统


Breathing is the exchange of gases between the cells of an organism and the external environment. The process of taking air into the lungs is called inspiration, or inhalation. The process of breathing air out is called expiration, or exhalation.
Medical English
Respiratory System
Fang, Xiao yi (Judy)房晓祎 Department of Neonatology, First Affiliated Hospital of SUMC
Objectives
Describe the structures and the functions of organs in res. system Describe the process of breathing Know the common symptoms and signs of res. diseases Know several diseases of res. system
The Respiratory System

Accessory structures:
Diaphragm膈: The main muscle used for breathing; separates the chest cavity from the abdominal cavity. Diaphragmatic muscles膈肌 Mediastinum纵隔: Consists of the space between the lungs together with the organs contained in this space, including trachea, heart, esophagus, large vessels, and other tissues.

儿童呼吸系统疾病英文版 共41页PPT资料

儿童呼吸系统疾病英文版 共41页PPT资料
Mild bronchopneumonia
fever: irregular fever
cough:dry,hacking,non-productive to productive cough
tachypnea:RR40~80ts/m nasal flaring, sighing respiration, three depression signs and cyanosis
The child will maintain patent airway will expectorate secretions adequately
Nursing Intervention
Nursing Intervention
Restore Optimal Respiratory Function Maintain Airway Cleaning Provide Adequate Rest and Nutrition Observation Prevent Infection
observation
Signs of heart failure
use cardiac monitor vital signs oxygen saturation breath sounds, color of skin, intake and output, electrolyte levels side effect of medication heart failure signs
oliguria or anuria face/lower limbs edema Hepatomegaly progressively
Pneumonia
manifestation
Severe bronchopneumonia

医学英语呼吸系统课件

医学英语呼吸系统课件

opening between the vocal cords is the glottis(声门). The
small leaf-shaped cartilage at the top of the larynx is called
the epiglottis(会厌). When one swallows, the epiglottis covers
医学英语呼吸系统
7
The Process of Breathing:
• Air is moved into and out of the lungs by the process of breathing, technically called ventilation. This consists of a steady cycle of inspiration (inhalation) and expiration (exhalation), separated by a period of rest. The cycle begins when the phrenic nerve(膈神经) stimulates the diaphragm(隔膜) to contract and flatten, thus enlarging the chest cavity.
Medical Terminology（3）
The Respiratory System
110）
医学英语呼吸系统
1
Introduction of the Respiratory system
• The main function of the respiratory system is to provide oxygen to body cells for energy metabolism and to eliminate carbon dioxide, a byproduct of metabolism. Because these gases must be carried to and from the cells in the blood, the respiratory system works closely with the cardiovascular system to accomplish gas exchange.

呼吸系统常见英语

呼吸系统常见英语

呼吸系统常见英语English: The respiratory system is responsible for the intake of oxygen and the release of carbon dioxide from the body. There are several common respiratory conditions that can affect the system, such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), pneumonia, bronchitis, and lung cancer. Asthma is a chronic condition that causes inflammation of the airways, leading to difficulty breathing and wheezing. COPD is a progressive lung disease that includes chronic bronchitis and emphysema, causing shortness of breath and coughing. Pneumonia is an infection of the lungs that causes inflammation and fluid buildup, leading to symptoms like fever, cough, and difficulty breathing. Bronchitis is an inflammation of the bronchial tubes, often caused by viruses or bacteria, resulting in coughing and mucus production. Lung cancer is a serious condition where abnormal cells grow uncontrollably in the lungs, leading to symptoms such as persistent cough, chest pain, and shortness of breath.中文翻译: 呼吸系统负责体内氧气的摄入和二氧化碳的释放。

呼吸系统-英文版

呼吸系统-英文版
The respiratory system can be divided into two parts: The upper respiratory tracts:mouth, nose & nasal cavity,pharynx and larynx The lower respiratory tracts:trachea,bronchi,bronchioles,alveoli,diaphragm
When you breathe, the air: enters the body through the nose or the mouth travels down the throat through the larynx (voice box) and trachea (windpipe) goes into the lungs through tubes called main-stem bronchi one main-stem bronchus leads to the right lung and one to the left lung in the lungs, the main-stem bronchi divide into smaller bronchi and then into even smaller tubes called bronchioles bronchioles end in tiny air sacs called alveoli
Diaphragm located below the lungs, attaching to the lower ribs, sternum and lumbar spine and forming the base of the thoracic cavity, is the major muscle of respiration. It is a large, dome-shaped muscle that contracts rhythmically and continually, and most of the time, involuntarily. Upon inhalation, the diaphragm contracts and flattens and the chest cavity enlarges. This contraction creates a vacuum, which pulls air into the lungs. Upon exhalation, the diaphragm relaxes and returns to its domelike shape, and air is forced out of the lungs.

呼吸系统英文总结

呼吸系统英文总结

呼吸系统的英文单词总结问诊句型How long have you had cough?您咳嗽多久了?Do you have chest pain when you cough?您咳嗽的时候胸痛吗?Does your chest hurt when you breathe in and out?您呼吸的时候胸口痛吗?Do you have any sputum when you cough?您咳嗽的时候有痰吗?What’s the sputum like? What color is it?痰是怎样的? 什么颜色?It is yellow and thick，clear and thin．它是黄色黏稠痰／稀薄痰。

Do you suffer from asthma?您有哮喘病吗?I need to listen to your lungs．Would you help me?我需要听一听您的肺，请配合一下行吗?I need to take your temperature, feel your pulse and measure your bloodpressure．我需要量一下您的体温、脉搏和血压。

The results of your physical examination show that you suffer from mild pneumonia．You need to have intra-venous antibiotics．and I’ll prescribe some pain-killers for your chest pain．您的检查结果表明您有轻度肺炎。

您需要静脉点滴抗生素，我会给您开些止痛药缓解胸痛。

As your pneumonia is mild, I will also prescribe some oral tablets foryou．But if you do not feel better in three days, please come back to seeme．您患的是轻度肺炎，我会给您开些口服药。

呼吸系统_英文版可修改文字

呼吸系统_英文版可修改文字
Bronchioles: Tertiary bronchi continue to divide and become bronchioles, very narrow tubes. There is no cartilage within the bronchioles and they lead to alveolar sacs.
The lungs take in oxygen, which all cells throughout the body need to live and carry out their normal functions. The lungs also get rid of carbon dioxide, a waste product of the body's cells. The lungs are a pair of cone-shaped organs made up of spongy, pinkish-gray tissue. They take up most of the space in the chest, or the thorax (the part of the body between the base of the neck and diaphragm). The lungs are separated from each other by the mediastinum, an area that contains the following: heart and its large vessels trachea (windpipe) esophagus thymus lymph nodes The right lung has three sections, called lobes. The left lung has two lobes.

呼吸系统疾病基础知识概述(英文版)PPT课件( 81页)

呼吸系统疾病基础知识概述(英文版)PPT课件( 81页)

respiratory distress
nasal flaring, retractions,cyonosis
rales
Severe symptomatic
Clinical manifestation
Cardiac muscle inflammation
circular system symptom
Drugs Physics methods
Febril convulsion
Calm Stop convulsion Defervesce
肺炎
Pneumonia
Pneumonia
In world,Occupy 1/3-1/4 in the death of children under
5 years of age
on typical of clinical manifestation
Typical pneumon来自auntypical pneumonia Severe acute respiratory syndrome,
(SARS) coronavirus
Classification 6
On Occurrence
The children’s repertory ability is low. The children’s local immunity is low.
Children Respiratory System Physiologic Feature
Respiratory rate
Neonate <1year 2-3years 4-7years 8-14years
Pneumonia is an inflammation of the parenchyma of the lungs

八章呼吸系统疾病diseasesofrespiratorysystem

八章呼吸系统疾病diseasesofrespiratorysystem
第八章呼吸系统疾病 diseases of respiratory
system
1.慢性支气管炎
2.肺气肿 3.慢性肺源性心脏病 4.肺炎 5. 肺硅沉着症（矽肺） 6.肺癌
一、慢性支气管炎 chronic bronchitis
概念：气管、支气管粘膜及其周围组织 的慢性非特异性炎症
诊断标准：症状（咳痰喘）每年至少持续3 个月，连续两年以上。
临床病理联系
1.呼吸衰竭：气促、呼吸困难、紫紺（肺性 脑病：头痛、烦燥、抽搐、嗜睡、昏迷）
2. 右心衰竭：全身淤血、腹水、水肿、心悸、 心率增快。
肺泡壁断裂（肺大泡），肺泡

壁毛细血管数量减少，肺小动

脉硬化
A
A
A
2. 间质性肺气肿
◆气体在小叶间隔、肺膜下形成囊球 状小气泡。 ◆气体也可沿支气管和血管周围组织 间隔扩展至肺门、纵隔。 ◆也可到达胸部皮下形成皮下气肿。
（四）临床病理联系：
症状：呼吸困难、紫绀、气短、胸闷 体征：桶状胸
（一）病因和发病机制
1.细支气管阻塞性通气功能障碍 2.弹性蛋白酶及其抑制物失衡 3.吸烟
（二）类型：
肺泡性肺气肿 间质性肺气肿 其他类型肺气肿：瘢痕旁肺气肿、代偿
性肺气肿、老年性肺气肿
肺泡性肺气肿
类型：腺泡中央型肺气肿 腺泡周围型肺气肿 全腺泡型肺气肿
1.腺泡中央型肺气肿：呼吸性细支气管扩 张，肺泡管、肺泡囊、肺泡变化不明显。
（一）病因、发病机制
外因： 1.感染 2.吸烟 3.大气污染和气候变化 4.过敏
内因：机体抵抗力下降，呼吸系统防御 功能受损
病变部位：
首先累及大、中支气管，以后可以累及 较小的支气管和细支气管。
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Children familiar disease
In china, Occupy more than 1/4 in paediatric ward
The hospitalization number of infant and toddler is 39.5 times
of school age
Definition
?
Why children are so susceptible to
acute respiratory infections
anatomic physiological features
➢The children’s respiratory lumens are narrow, blood flow is abundant.
In infant and toddler
Systemic symptom is severe Complications are common
Common Clinical Manifestations
AURI Ｐhysical examination
Congestion of pharyngeal portion, antiadoncus
Etiology
Ｖirus： Ｏccupy 90% Ｂacteria： Ｓecondary
Streptococus pyogens Pneumococcu Ｈaemophilus influenzae
Clinical Manifestations
Common AURI
Local symptom is mild
➢The children’s repertory ability is low. ➢The children’s local immunity is low.
Children Respiratory System Physiologic Feature
Respiratory rate
Neonate 8-14years
Pneumonia is an inflammation of the parenchyma of the lungs
It is caused by microorganisms or noninfectious causes
炎
➢ 柯萨奇病毒A组感染 ➢ 夏秋好发 ➢ 高热、咽痛、流涎 ➢ 咽腭弓、软腭处有疱疹
疱疹破溃后可形成溃疡 ➢ 病程 1 周左右
Clinical Manifestations
Special AURI
Pharyngoconjunctival
fever 咽结合膜热
➢ 腺病毒 3，7 型所致 ➢ 春夏发病，可小流行 ➢ 发热、咽炎、结合膜炎 ➢ 咽部充血、结合膜充血，颈部、 耳后淋巴结肿大 ➢ 病程 1~2 周
Drugs Physics methods
Febril convulsion
Calm Stop convulsion Defervesce
肺炎
Pneumonia
Pneumonia
In world,Occupy 1/3-1/4 in the death of children under
5 years of age
Complications
Infant , toddler
Tympanitis, sinusitis Abscess of pharynx posterior-wall Laryngitis, bronchitis Pneumonia
School age
Glomerulonephritis Rheumatic fever
❖In pediatric ward, 25% patients are Pneumonia. ❖The first cause of children’s death in China is Pneumonia. ❖Pneumonia is the world's leading cause of death among children. It kills nearly two million children under age five every year.
Examine Method
Ｐhysical examination inspection
Change of respiratory rate Cyanopathy Three concave sign
Ａuscultation
急性上呼吸道感染
（AURI）
Acute Upper Respiratory Infection
40-44/min 30/min 24/min 22/min 20/min
Children Respiratory System Physiologic Feature
Respiratory type
Respiratory type of abdomen Respiratory type of chest abdomen
(咽部充血，扁桃体肿大)
Lymphadenectasis in submaxilla
(有时下颌、淋巴结肿大)
Rash when enterovirus infection
(肠道病毒感染时可出现皮疹)
Clinical Manifestations
Special AURI
Herpangina 疱疹性咽峡
同学们好！
呼吸系统疾病
Respiratory System Disease
湘雅医院儿科 郑湘榕
重点
婴幼儿上感、2种特殊类型上感的特点 支气管肺炎临床表现、重症肺炎特点 支气管肺炎的诊断、治疗 支气管哮喘的临床表现、诊断和治疗
❖In pediatric outpatient, 6o% patients are acute respiratory infections.
Treatment
Ribovirin
Antivirus drugs
3-5 days
Oseltamivir
Antibiotics
Penicillin SMZ
3-5 days
Sever symptomatic;
Secondary bacteria affection
Treatment
Defervesce