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2020年10月全国电子商务英语自考试题及答案解析

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全国2019年10月高等教育自学考试电子商务英语试题课程代码：00888请将答案填在答题纸相应位置上一、词汇和语法（本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分）根据句子的意思选择一个正确的答案。

答案标在答题纸上。

1．I keep my reference books near my desk for _______.A．convention B．convenienceC．conference D．confidence2．Nothing can _______ being unkind to children.A．adjust B．reasonC．justify D．reassure3．Prior _______ his departure, he addressed a letter to his daughter.A．to B．ofC．in D．from4．It took many hours to _______ the court of his guilt.A．persuade B．pledgeC．convince D．assure5．We _______ the shops and the post office as soon as we moved into the town. A．determined B．locatedC．specified D．settled6．They _______ the game because of rain.A．deserted B．abandonedC．left D．departed7．People will not believe a person who always _______.A．magnifies B．enlargesC．broadens D．exaggerates8．There are different _______ of books in a library.A．cases B．conceptsC．terms D．categories9．All of my efforts to _______ peace failed.A．preserve B．conserveC．persist D．reserve10．It is for historians to discover and _______ what actually happened.A．list B．indicateC．enter D．register111．I have never taken anything ______didn’t belong to me.A．what B．whoC．that D．which12．_______ once is better than to hear a hundred times.A．To see B．Seeing.C．See D．Having seen13．Not until the later 1870s _______ an outlet for her talents and sympathies in charitable work. A．that Anna found B．did Anna findC．when did Anna find D．when Anna found14．According to a recent report, _______ that Americans consume has not varied greatly from year to year.A．the number of sugar B．a number of sugarC．the amount of sugar D．an amount of sugar15．_______ the men stood together in the churchyard, saying he must be crazy.A．After the church B．After churchC．After a church D．After churches16．“How did you find your visit to the museum?”“I thoroughly enjoyed it. It was _______ than I expected.”A．far more interesting B．even much interestingC．so more interesting D．a lot much interesting17．It _______ for two days and the field was all under water.A．rained B．had been rainingC．was raining D．would have rained18．_______ with a new method, the material does not break up easily.A．To have treated B．Having treatedC．Being treated D．Having been treated19．“Must I come at four o’clock?”“Oh no, you _______ come at four.”A．can’t B．may notC．needn’t D．mustn’t20．It is most important that one of the brakes on your bicycle _______ properly.A．will work B．has workedC．works D．work二、完形填空（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）从选择项中选择一个最适合短文的选项。

答案标在答题纸上。

People in different countries use different utensils for eating. While the 21 of people use the conventional fork and knife, Chinese people use 22 quite different. They use utensils with which many of us are not familiar. They use two sticks known as chopsticks.The chopsticks were first 23 of as a simpler, more refined way of eating. Most food2used in Chinese cooking is cut up in small bite size pieces. This way of 24 food lends itself to using chopsticks. The chopsticks allow a person to eat 25 only one hand, leaving the other one 26 for holding the bowl.Chopsticks are made from many different kinds of 27 . Most of the people in southern China use chopsticks made from bamboo or wood. Many wealthier people and families in China use chopsticks made of more precious materials, such as ivory or silver. These more elaborate kinds of chopsticks often may be passed down from one generation to 28 .The Chinese use their eating utensils to let others at the table know when they would like to be 29 . When someone wants to leave the table, he lays the chopsticks across his bowl. The host then 30 the chopsticks, and places them on the table. This means that the guest is free to leave.21．A．many B．best C．majority D．most 22．A．utensils B．anything C．something D．them 23．A．regarded B．thought C．considered D．judged 24．A．cooking B．making C．earning D．preparing25．A．by B．with C．at D．on26．A．bare B．open C．liberate D．free 27．A．matters B．things C．materials D．substances28．A．a next B．the next C．other D．next 29．A．forgiven B．absolved C．pardon D．excused 30．A．removes B．moves C．holds D．keeps三、阅读理解（本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分）阅读下面的短文，从A、B、C、D四个选择项中选出一个最佳答案填空或答题。

答案标在答题纸上。

Passage 1Most animals have little connections with animals of different kind, unless they hunt them for food. Sometimes, however, two kinds of animals come together in a partnership which does good to both of them. You may have noticed some birds sitting on the backs of sheep. This is not because they want a ride, but because they find easy food in the parasites (寄生虫) on sheep. The sheep allow the birds to do so because they remove the cause of discomfort. So although they can manage without each other, they do better together.Sometimes an animal has a plant partner. The relationship develops until the two partners cannot manage without each other. This is so in the corals (珊瑚) of the sea. In their skins they have tiny plants which act as “dustman”, taking some of the waste products from the corals and giving in return oxygen which the animal needs to breathe. If the plants are killed, or are even prevented from light so that they cannot live normally, the corals will die.31．Some birds like to sit on a sheep because ______.A．they can eat its parasites3B．they depend on the sheep for existenceC．they find the position most comfortableD．they enjoy traveling with the sheep32．The underlined word “they” in the last sentence of the first paragraph refers to ______. A．birds and parasitesB．parasites and sheepC．birds and sheepD．sheep, birds and parasites33．The second paragraph mainly discusses that ______.A．some animals and plants develop their relationship easilyB．some animals and plants depend on each other for existenceC．some animals and plants depend on each other for foodD．some animals and plants live better togetherPassage 2Computer people talk a lot about the need for other people to become “computer-litera te.” But not all experts agree that this is a good idea.One pioneer, in particular, who disagrees is David Tebbutt, the founder of Computertown UK. Although many people see this as a successful attempt to bring people closer to the computer, David does not see it that way. He says that Computertown UK was formed for just the opposite reason, to bring computers to people and make them “people-literate.”David Tebbutt thinks Computertowns are most successful when tied to a computer club but he insists there is an important difference between the two. The clubs are for people who have some computer knowledge already. This frightens away non-experts, who are happier going to Computertowns where there are computers for them to experiment on, with experts to encourage them and answer any questions they have. They are not told what to do. The computer experts have to learn not to tell people about computers, but have to be able to answer all questions people ask. People don’t have to learn computer terms, but the e xperts have to explain in plain language. The computers are becoming “people-literate.”34．David Tebbutt’s idea on the relationship between people and computer is ______.A．there should be more computer clubs for expertsB．people should work harder to master computer useC．computer learning should be made easierD．computers should be made cheaper so that people can afford them35．We can infer from the text that “computer-literate” means ______.A．being able to afford a computerB．being able to write computer programsC．working with the computer and finding out its valueD．understanding the computer and knowing how to use it436．David Tebbutt started Computertown UK with the purpose of ______.A．making better use of computer expertsB．improving computer programsC．increasing computer salesD．popularizing computersPassage 3Some people argue that the pressure on international sportsmen and sportswomen kills the essence of sport －the pursuit of personal excellence. Children kick a football around for fun. When they get older and play for local school teams, they become competitive but they still enjoy playing. The individual representing his country cannot afford to think about enjoying himself, he has to think only about winning. He is responsible f or an entire nation’s hopes, dreams and reputation.A good example is the football World Cup. Football is the world’s most important sport. Winning the World Cup is perhaps the summit of international sporting success. Mention “Argentina ” to someone and the chances are that he’ll think of football. In a sense, winning the World Cup put Argentina on the map.Sports fans and supporters get quite irrational about the World Cup. People in England felt that their country was somehow important after they won in 1966. In 1978 thousands of Scots sold their cars, and even their houses, and spent all their money traveling to Argentina, where the finals were played.So, am I arguing that international competition kills the idea of sport? Certainly not! Do the Argentinians really believe that because eleven of their men proved the most skilful at football, their nation is in every way better than all others? Not really. But it’s nice to know that you won and in one way at least your country is the best.37．The author’s purpose in writing the passage is ______.A．to prove football is the most important sport in the worldB．to show sports fans and supporters are sometimes irrationalC．to explain the role of sportsD．to compare international competition with the playing of children38．According to the passage, Argentina is world-famous because ______.A．it has larger number of sports fans and supportersB．it won the football World CupC．it occupies a good position on the mapD．it was the place where the finals were played39．If a sportsman only thinks about winning, he will ______.A．be successful B．be irrationalC．not succeed D．lose enjoyment40．The statement which best expresses the author’s attitude towards international games is5______.A．international games kill the essence of sportsB．international games make sports fans enjoy themselvesC．nations that win in international games prove the best on the sports field at least D．nations that give much attention to international games are world-famous in many ways 四、单词汉译英（本大题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分）根据给出的汉语词义和规定的词类写出相应的英语单词。

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2020年10月全国自考经管类电子商务概论真题及答案

2020年10月全国自考经管类电子商务概论真题及答案

2020年10月全国自考经管类电子商务概论真题及答案单项选择题1.采用标准的XML 格式来共享内容的信息聚合技术是(A)Tag(B)RSS(C)HTTP(D)HTML【正确答案】B【试题解析】RSS 是一种信息聚合技术，采用标准的XML 格式来共享内容。

2.对电子文件发表时间进行安全保护的电子商务安全技术是(A) 智能卡(B) 数字信封(C) 数字证书(D) 数字时间戳【正确答案】D【试题解析】电子商务系统的安全认证技术主要有：智能卡、数字签名、数字证书、CA 认证、数字信封、数字时间戳。

其中数字时间戳服务提供了电子文件发表时间的安全保护。

3.某政府在一次招标中，要求竞标者秘密标价，开标日公布所有竞标价格，最高标价者得标。

种网络拍卖模式属于(A) 英式拍卖(B) 日本式拍卖(C) 荷兰式拍卖(D) 维克瑞拍卖【正确答案】B4.业务流程重组的改造对象和中心是(A) 业务流程(B) 关系客户(C) 制造技术(D) 企业评价体系【正确答案】A【试题解析】业务流程重组是以业务流程为改造对象和中心。

5.某企业利用百度的数据分析工具获取商业信息，借助天猫、京东等平台开设官方旗舰店，这一做法体现的互联网思维特点是(A) 以产品为中心(B) 整合与利用资源(C) 注重客户体验(D) 以消费者为中心【正确答案】B6.下列属于电子商务服务生态系统核心层的是(A) 物流公司(B) 保险公司(C) 广告服务商(D) 电子商务服务平台【正确答案】D【试题解析】电子商务服务业生态系统的核心层包括电子商务服务平台、买家(采购商)和卖家(供应商)。

7.企业战略关注的是企业未来相对较长时期内的总体发展问题，这体现的电子商务战略特征是(A) 创新性(B) 长远性(C) 风险性(D) 竞争性【正确答案】B【试题解析】企业战略关注的是企业未来相对较长时期内的总体发展问题，追求短期效益和长期发展的协调统一，着眼于长期发展。

这体现了电子商务战略的长远性特征。

全国自考(电子商务英语)-试卷2

全国自考(电子商务英语)-试卷2

全国自考（电子商务英语）-试卷2(总分：160.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、词汇和语法(总题数：20，分数：40.00)1.It was there, the police believe, ______she was able to activate the recorder she kept in her bag.（分数：2.00）A.untilB.whichC.that √D.when解析：2.It is not yet known______computers will one day have vision as good as human vision.（分数：2.00）A.whether √B.ifC.thatD.how解析：3.If you are now______ ,you ought to pay more attention to your health.（分数：2.00）A.in the fiftiesB.in your fifties √C.in fiftiesD.in your fifty解析：4.The company will design, supply and ______your new kitchen.（分数：2.00）A.build onB.install √C.put onD.instruct解析：5.How can I have any self-confidence when you're always so______of me?（分数：2.00）A.critical √B.unpleasantC.seriousD.doubtful解析：6.If we_____the furniture against the walls, we'll have more space to dance.（分数：2.00）A.replaceB.deliverC.transportD.shift √解析：7.He's______on his paper which has to be finished by the end of the semester.（分数：2.00）A.managingB.writingC.handlingD.working √解析：8.You can______the temperature in the house by adjusting the thermostat(温度调节器).（分数：2.00）A.adoptB.reachC.regulate √D.register解析：9.I ______a little Spanish while I was in Peru.（分数：2.00）A.inquiredB.requiredC.acquired √D.acquainted解析：10.Social problems and poverty______much of the crime in today's big cities.（分数：2.00）A.undermineB.underlie √C.contributeD.signify解析：11.In many countries, packets of cigarettes come with a government health warning ______ to them. （分数：2.00）A.attachingB.attached √C.to attachD.attach解析：12.There can be no doubt whatsoever that smoking______your health.（分数：2.00）A.preventsB.delaysC.endangers √D.disturbs解析：13.The extent of the damage was greatly______by the press.（分数：2.00）A.raisedB.widenedC.exceededD.exaggerated √解析：14.High stress levels are______of life for business executives.（分数：2.00）A.an impressionB.a pointC.an effectD.a feature √解析：15.None of our______at contacting Dr. James were successful.（分数：2.00）A.necessariesB.needsC.attempts √D.trials解析：16.Even Democrat George McGovern, ______had the lowest level of party support among recent nominees, was backed in 1972 by nearly 60 percent of his party's voters.（分数：2.00）A.who √B.whoseC.thatD.which解析：17.Robots differ from automatic machines in ______after completion of one specific task, they can be reprogrammed to do another one.（分数：2.00）A.whichB.that √C.howD.whether解析：18.Understand what Jet Lag is, and how a careful diet can minimize its worst effects, ______. （分数：2.00）A.your flights will be less stressful √B.and your flights will be less stressfulC.of your flights will be less stressfulD.in order that your flights will be less stressful解析：19.The Atlantic Ocean is only half as big as the Pacific,______it is still very large.（分数：2.00）A.but √B.andC.soD.therefore解析：20.No one has been able to prove that fish is______better for the brain than many other kinds of food.（分数：2.00）A.someB.soD.any √解析：二、完形填空(总题数：1，分数：20.00)Medical experts have【C1】______suspected a link between the health of the mind and the health of the body. From time to time researchers have reported evidence of such a link. One such report now comes from the University of California at San Diego School of Medicine. The study shows that the mental disorder known as depression【C2】______to harm the body's natural defense system against disease. Victims of severe depression generally have a low opinion of themselves. They often lose 【C3】______in everything. They seem very sad. They have trouble sleeping. And they generally lose their【C4】______to eat. In most extreme examples, depressed persons may want to kill themselves. The University of California study was【C5】______by Dr. Michael Irwin. He began the study two years ago at a hospital in the city of Los Angeles. The study involved 37 women, whose husbands were dying of lung cancer. Dr. Irwin studied the women for【C6】______of depression. He took some of their blood both before and after the death of their husbands. He examined the blood for cells that help the body fight disease. These are the substances scientists call natural killer cells, T suppressor cells, and T helper cells. Dr. Irwin then looked for the same【C7】______of cells in the blood of women whose husbands were healthy. Dr. Irwin【C8】______that disease-fighting cells were not very active in the women whose husbands were dying or had just died. The rate of activity was【C9】______than in women whose husbands were healthy. Dr. Irwin also found that the rate of activity was directly linked to the severity of【C10】______woman's depression over the death of her husband.（分数：20.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.everB.stillC.long √D.always解析：(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.emergesB.appears √C.happensD.mentions解析：(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.interestedB.interestingC.interest √D.interests解析：(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.despairB.despiteC.desire √D.design解析：(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.builtB.madeD.done √解析：(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.sighB.markC.signs √D.signals解析：(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.variantsB.speciesC.kinds √D.standards解析：(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.knownB.inventedC.lookedD.found √解析：(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.lower √B.higherC.shorterD.taller解析：(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.oneB.each √C.anyD.every解析：三、阅读理解(总题数：3，分数：20.00)There are two methods of fighting, the one by law, the other by force; the first method is that of men, the second of beasts; but as the first method is often insufficient, one must have recourse to(求助，求援)the second. It is, therefore, necessary for a prince to know well how to use both the beast and the man. This was covertly(隐秘地，不公开地)taught to rulers by ancient writers, who relate how Achilles and many others of those ancient princes were given to Chiron the centaur(半人半马的怪物)to be brought up and educated under his discipline. The parable(寓言)of this semi-animal, semi-human teacher is meant to indicate that the one without the other is not durable.A prince, being thus obliged to know well how to act as a beast, must imitate the fox, and the lion, for the lion cannot protect himself from traps, and the fox cannot defend himself from wolves. Those that wish to be only lions do not understand this. Therefore, a prudent(谨慎的)ruler ought not to keep faith when by doing so it would be against his interest, and when the reasons which made him bind himself no longer exist. If men were all good, this precept(规则)would not be a good one; but as they are bad, and would not keep faith with them. Nor have legitimate grounds ever failed a prince who wished to show colorable excuse for the nonfulfilment of his promise. Of this, one could furnish an infinite number of examples, and show how many times peace has beenbroken, and how many promises rendered(致使)worthless, by the faithlessness of princes, and those that have best been a-ble to imitate the fox have succeeded best. But it is necessary to be able to disguise this character well, and to be a great feigner(作假者)and dissembler(伪君子),and men are so simple and so ready to obey present necessities that the one who deceives will always be able to find those who allow themselves to be deceived.（分数：8.00）(1).The writer does not believe that______.（分数：2.00）A.the truth makes men freeB.people can protect themselvesC.princes are humanD.leaders have to be consistent √解析：(2)."Prince" designates______.（分数：2.00）A.anyone in power √B.elected officialsC.aristocratsD.sons of kings解析：(3).The lion represents those who are ______.（分数：2.00）A.too cunning and weakB.strong and cunningC.reliant on force only √cking in force解析：(4).The fox, in this passage, is______.（分数：2.00）A.admired for his trickery √B.no match for the lionC.pitied for his weaknessD.considered worthless解析：What's the best way for you, as an employer, to deliver bad news to an employee? First of all, you have to break the news yourself, face to face with the recipient(接受者). You can't write memos to tell people they will not get raises this year or that they have made an error or are not performing as well as expected. You have to show them how you feel about the matter and that you are personally sorry and sympathize with them. If you indicate that you are ready to listen to their reactions to your bad news, you will undoubtedly save yourself from their wrath. Above all, you must be ready for an emotional reaction from the recipient of bad news. Give people time to digest your news and to control the emotion they invariably feel. Although it is never easy to break bad news, if you follow these steps, you will at least soften the blow.（分数：6.00）(1).The author's main idea is that______.（分数：2.00）A.bad news is hard to impartB.all employers have to criticize their employeesC.there are ways of softening the impact of bad news √D.people respond emotionally to bad news解析：(2).The author's main idea is expressed______.（分数：2.00）A.in the first sentenceB.in the last sentence √C.in the middle of the paragraphD.nowhere解析：(3).The author's main idea is supported by______.（分数：2.00）A.examples of employers giving bad newsB.a list of reasons for having go break bad newsC.sympathy for both the employer and employeeD.instructions on how to soften the blow of bad news √解析：New York E-commerce has revolutionized the business world and won't disappear despite investors pulling the plug on many dot-coms, says Marcia H. Flicker, Ph. D. , a Ford-ham University marketing professor. Venture capitalists are disgusted , with the lack of rectums, she says, " The uncertainty went too far to the investment side in 1998 and 1999, and now it's gone too far the other way investors are so conservative that they are reluctant to invest even in sustainable businesses. Flicker says pure Internet-based companies will have limited success. However, click and mortar sites—those that are affiliated with a store and have catalogs in addition to a web address will thrive. This strategy, employed by companies such as Pottery Barman Bam and Eddie Bauer, is working well, she says. Flicker predicts that web services will start charging fees now that revenues from banner ads are waning. The fee structures will allow some users to pay a higher price to avoid unsolicited advertising. Flicker presented these and other ideas at the Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business(AACSB)International 2001 E-Commerce Conference last month. Forehand's Graduate School of Business Administration was established in 1969. Its part-time MBA program is ranked 12th by U. S. News & World Report. The College of Business Administration, founded in 1920, is ranked among the "best buys" in undergraduate education by U. S. News & World Report. Founded in 1841, Ford ham is New York City's Jesuit University. It has residential campuses in the north Bronx and Manhattan, a graduate center in Tarrytown and the Louis Calder Center Biological Field Station in Armonk, N. Y.（分数：6.00）(1).The reporter sent the report from______.（分数：2.00）A.New YorkB.Ford ham √C.TarrytownD.Armonk解析：(2).From the second paragraph, we get to know that______.（分数：2.00）A.more and more capitalists began to invest in e-business now √B.investors got little return from their investment in e-business in 1998 and 1999C.e-businesses are likely to disappearD.venture capitalists are disgusted解析：(3).Which of the following is the most likely to be successful in e-business according to Flicker?（分数：2.00）A.A well-designs web site.B.A company with large investment. √C.A purely Internet-based company.D.A company hacking a store, catalogue and a website.解析：四、单词汉译英(总题数：15，分数：30.00)21.总计v． a 1（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：amount）解析：22.基础结构n． i 1（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：infrastructure）解析：23.估计n．&v． e 1（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：estimate）解析：24.加密n． e 1（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：encryption）解析：25.战役；运动 n． c 1（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：campaign）解析：26.放弃；遗弃 v． a 1（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：abandon）解析：27.外购;外包v． o 1（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：outsource）解析：28.轮廓；纲要n． o 1（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：outline）解析：29.病毒 n． v 1（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：virus）解析：30.广阔的；广泛的 adj． e 1（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：extensive）解析：31.专门知识或技能n． e 1（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：expertise）解析：32.创造者n． f 1（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：founder）解析：33.授予；判给 v． a 1（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：award）解析：34.时间表 n． t 1（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：timeline）解析：35.中肯的，恰当的adj． p 1（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：pertinent）解析：五、单词英译汉(总题数：15，分数：30.00)36.growth rate（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：增长率）解析：37.customer support（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：用户支持）解析：38.frequently asked questions(FAQ)（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：经常提到的问题）解析：39.database management systems（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：数据库管理系统）解析：40.customer base（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：顾客群）解析：41.e-commerce site（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：电子商务网）解析：42.checkout process（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：结账过程）解析：rmation network（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：信息网）解析：44.automatic replenishment（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：自动再补给）解析：45.a backorder（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：拖欠订货；延期交货）解析：46.financial transaction（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：钱款交易）解析：47.a best-price guarantee（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：最佳价格保障）解析：48.key issues（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：焦点）解析：49.first-movers（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：先驱者）解析：50.automotive industry（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：汽车工业）解析：六、英译汉(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Almost all our major problems involve human behavior, and they cannot be solved by physical and biological technology alone. What is needed is a technology of behavior, but we have been slow to develop the science from which such a technology might be drawn.【T1】 One difficulty is that almost all of what is called behavioral science continues to trace behavior to states of mind, feelings, traits of character, human nature, and so on. Physics and biology once followed similar practices and advanced only when they discarded them.【T2】 The behavioral sciences have been slow to change partly because the explanatory items often seem to be directly observed and partly because other kinds of explanations have been hard to find. The environment is obviously important, but its role has remained obscure. It does not push or pull, it selects, and this function is difficult to discover and analyze.【T3】The role of natural selection in evolution was formulated only a little more than a hundred years ago, and the selective role of the environment in shaping and maintaining the behavior of the individual is only beginning to be recognized and studied. As the interaction between organism and environment has come to be understood, however, effects once assigned to states of mind, feelings, and traits are beginning to be traced to accessible conditions, and a technology of behavior may therefore become available. It will not solve our problems, however, until it replaces traditional pre-scientific views, and these are strongly entrenched. Freedom and dignity illustrate the difficulty.【T4】They are the possessions of the autonomous(self-governing)man of traditional theory , and they are essential to practices in which a person is held responsible for his conduct and given credit for his achievements. A scientific analysis shifts both the responsibility and the achievement to the environment. It also raises questions concerning " values". Who will use a technology and to what ends?【T5】 Until these issues are resolved, a technology of behavior will continue to be rejected , and with it possibly the only way to solve our problems.（分数：10.00）(1).【T1】（分数：2.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：正确答案：一个难题是所谓的行为科学几乎全都依然从心态、情感、性格特征、人性等方面去寻找行为的根源。

2020年10月份自考英语二真题及答案解析

2020年10月份自考英语二真题及答案解析

2020年10月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试英语（二）试卷（课程代码00015）本试卷共8页，满分100分，考试时间150分钟。

考生答题注意事项：1．本卷所有试题必须在答题卡上作答。

答在试卷上无效，试卷空白处和背面均可作草稿纸。

2．第一部分为选择题。

必须对应试卷上的题号使用2B铅笔将“答题卡”的相应代码涂黑。

3．第二部分为非选择题。

必须注明大、小题号。

使用0. 5毫来黑色字迹签宇笔作答。

4．合理安排答题空间，超出答题区域无效。

第一部分选择题一、阅读判断（繁1-10题，每题1分，共10分）下面的短文后刊出了10个句子，请报据短文内容对每个句子作出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，选择A：如果该句提供的是错误信息，选择B：如果该句的信息文中没有提及，选择C。

在答题卡相应位置上将答案选项涂黑。

未涂、错涂、多涂或少涂均无分。

The Stranger Who Changed My LifeIt was a sunny morning in the spring of 1966. I was driving a taxi, looking for a customer. While passing New York Hospital, I found a man running down the hospital steps, waving at me.I stopped. The man reached the taxi and jumped in. “The Airport, please,” he said. As always, I wondered about my passenger. Was this man a talker? After a few moments, he started saying, “How do you like driving a taxi?"“It's OK,”I said. “I make a living and meet interesting people sometimes.”“What do you do?” I asked.“I am a doctor at New York Hospital.”Many times during long rides, I'd developed a good relationship with my passengers and received very good advice from them. This time I decided to ask for his help.“Could I ask a favor of you?”He didn't answer. “I have a son, 15, a good kid. He wants a job this summer. Is it possible that you get one for him?”He still wasn't talking, and I was starting to feel foolish. Fi nally, he said,“Well, mystudents have a summer research project. Maybe he could join in. Have him send me his school record.”He left his address and paid me. It was the last time I ever saw him.Robbie sent off his grades the next morning.And gradually this incident was forgotten. Two weeks later, when I arrived home from work, Robbie handed me a letter. He was informed to call Dr. Plum for an interview.Robbie got the job. The following summer, Robbie worked at the hospital again, but this time, he was given more responsibility. Then, he worked at the hospital for a third summer and gradually developed a love of medical profession.Near graduating from college, Robbie applied to and was admitted to New York Medical College. After getting his medical degree, Robbie, the son of a taxi driver, became a doctor at Columbia Medical Center.1.The doctor shouted at the taxi driver for a ride.A.TrueB. FalseC. Not Given答案：B解析：“shout at”意为对……大喊，呵斥。

2020年10月自考试题及答案解析电子商务英语全国

2020年10月自考试题及答案解析电子商务英语全国

2018年10月自考试题电子商务英语全国课程代码：00888请将答案填在答题纸相应的位置上一、词汇和语法（本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分）根据句子的意思选择一个正确的答案，错选、多选或未选均无分。

1. ______under a microscope, a fresh snowflake has a delicate six-pointed shape.A. SeenB. SeesC. SeeingD. To see2. It has been ______ for him by his family to marry a girl of his own class.A. arrangedB. organizedC. settledD. adapted3. Flight nineteen from New York to Washington is now arriving at ______ .A. the two gateB. gate twoC. the gate twoD. second gate4. I’d rather listen to ______ than watch ______ .A. radio televisionB. a radio a televisionC. radio the televisionD. the radio television5. All ______ agreed to repeat the experiment.A. the present peopleB. the people to be presentC. the people presentD. the people having been present6. There are ______ opportunities for employment in the rural area.A. lessB. littleC. smallD. fewer7. He doesn’t dare to leave the house in case he ______ .1A. is recognizedB. will be recognizedC. will recognizeD. has been recognized8. George ______ in this school for forty years by the time he retires.A. will teachB. will have taughtC. has taughtD. will be teaching9. Weather ______ , we’ll go sightseeing.A. permittedB. is permittedC. permittingD. is permitting10. No one ______ to me like that again.A. dare to speakB. dare speakC. dares speakD. dares speaking11. We ______ tennis in the park when you phoned.A. must have been playingB. must be playingC. must playD. must have played12. Let us have something iced to drink, ______ ?A. will weB. shall weC. do weD. don’t we13. Teachers all ______ the student to enter the competition.A. cheeredB. animatedC. encouragedD. heartened14. How I wish to ______ in your sufferings.A. enterB. contributeC. participateD. provide15. You should sign a contract to make your job situation ______ .A. normalB. commonC. regularD. usual216. A poor memory ______ her efforts to become an actress.A. encouragedB. accomplishedC. frustratedD. develop17. Either the shirt or the sweater ______ suitable for this season.A. isB. areC. have beenD. has18. All you need to do ______ the form.A. fill inB. fills inC. are to fill inD. is to fill in19. She decided not to ______ her husband’s name when she got married.A. adoreB. adoptC. admireD. admit20. I am thinking of ______ a close relationship with my competitors.A. performingB. settlingC. organizingD. establishing二、完形填空(本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分)从选择项中选择一个最适合短文的选项，错选、多选或未选均无分。