人教版英语必修五第一单元知识点
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必修5Unit 1 Great scientists核心单词1. characteristicn.特色;特性;典型adj.特有的,表示特性的;典型的Kindness is one of his characteristics.和善是他的特性之一。
A characteristic of the camel is its ability to live for a long time without water.骆驼的一个特点是不喝水也能活很长时间。
\易混辨析character/characteristiccharacter n.性格,品质(本身具有的);角色,人物;字体,字符characteristic n. 特点,特征(用以区别于其他事物的)2. defeatvt.击败;打败;使(计划、希望)落空Our team defeated our opponent by 5:0.我们队以五比零的比分战胜了对手。
He was defeated in his plan.他的计划失败了。
-易混辨析defeat/conquer/overcome三个词都含有“战胜”、“击败”的意思。
defeat指“赢得胜利”,尤其指军事上的胜利,如:defeat the enemy(打败敌人)。
conquer指“征服;战胜”,尤其指获得对人、物或感情的控制,如:conquer nature(征服自然)。
overcome指“战胜;压倒;克服”,尤其指“感情”,如:overcome difficulties(克服困难)。
defeat/beat/windefeat, beat都表示在战斗或竞赛中“战胜,打败(对手)”,后接竞争对手。
如:beat the competitor/the country/the team ...打败对手/国家/团队……》win也表示“战胜,赢得”,但它的宾语通常是比赛、战争、奖品或表示尊重、崇拜之类意义的词。
必修5 Unit1 Great scientistsPart 1. Warming up1.explain及物动词(vt.)解释;说明;阐明[(+to)][+wh-][+(that)]He explained that he had been cheated. 他解释说他是上当受骗了。
Can you explain how the machine operates?你能解释一下这机器是如何运转的吗?Please explain this rule to me.请给我讲解一下这条规则。
不及物动词(vi.)解释;说明;辩解I've got to explain about it. 我得解释一下此事。
2.characteristicn. 特征;特性Kindness is one of his characteristics.adj. 独特的I heard my friend’s characteristic laugh.be characteristic of sb./sth. 是.....的特性Such bluntness is characteristic of hin. 如此迟钝是他的特性。
3. Who put forward a theory about black holes?put forward 提出(建议等);提名;提前,把时钟往前拨He put forward a new plan. 他提出一个新计划。
May I put your name forward as a possible chairman of the committee?我能否提名你当委员会主席?[归纳拓展]put down 记下;镇压put out 关掉;熄灭put aside 放在一边;储存;保留put off 推迟;延期put up 建造;举起;张贴put on 穿上put away 收好Part 2. Pre-reading, reading and comprehending1. Do you know how to prove a new idea in scientific researchhow to prove a new idea 为“疑问词+不定式”结构,该结构可在句中作主语、宾语、表语等。
Unit 1 知识点1.characteristic 特征特性character n 角色,主角2.put forward 提出,推荐,把…提前,拨快(钟)put forward a good suggesion 提出put you forward as 推荐你为…You ought to put your watch forward by ten minutes.put oneself forward 毛遂自荐,出风头put forward the production 促进生产【词语联想】Ø put away: 收起来;贮存,储蓄Ø put down: 放下;写下,记下Ø put off: 推迟;延期Ø put up: 张贴;撑开(帐篷),留。
过夜Ø put on: 穿上;增加;上演(戏剧)put on weight: 增加了体重put on a new play: 上演新戏剧3.conclude v 结束推断出conclusion n. draw a conclusion (that )得出结论come to/ draw/ reach/ arrive at a conclusion结束,告一段落,得出一个结论。
In conclusion=finally最后Conclude sth .(from sth.) that 推断出断定4.analyse 分析analysis n. analyses 复数analytical adj.5.infect传染Infectious adj Be infected with被…感染上defeat sb 主要指战场上打败某人,也可指比赛beat sb 游戏或比赛win +比赛,辩论,奖品等Ø defeat 指“赢得胜利”, 尤其指“军事上的胜利”,e.g. defeat the enemy 打败敌人。
必修5 Unit1 重点单词1. characteristic n.特征;特性2. conclude v.结论3. analyse v.分析4. attend v.照顾;出席;护理;参加5. absorb v.吸收;吸引;使专心6. valuable adj.贵重的;有价值的7. blame v.责备;谴责8. immediately adv.立即;马上9. contribute v.贡献;捐献;捐助10. positive adj.积极的;肯定的;确实的11. strict adj.严格的;严厉的;精确的12. complete adj.完整的;完成的;全部的Vt.完成13. enthusiastic adj.热情的;热心的14. cautious adj.小心的15. reject v.拒绝;不解受;抛弃重点短语1. point of view 态度;观点2. put forward 提出3. draw a conclusion 得出结论4. expose to 暴露。
中5. come to an end 结束6. apart from 此外7. look into 调查8. in addition 另外9. make sense 有意义10. at times 有时11. be for/against 支持/反对12. conclude sth. With/by sth 以。
结束13. in conclusion 最后,总之注意1. blame sth. on sb. 把某市归咎于某人2. be to blame 应承担责任;该受责备3. If you are not to blame, then who is?辨析1. put away 放好;积蓄2. put an end to 结束3. put down 记下4. put out 熄灭5. put up with 忍受6. put off 推迟7. make sense of 明白,理解8. a sense of ……感必修5 Unit2 重点单词:1. unite vi.&vt. 联合;团结2. consist vi 组成;一致3. divide vt 分配;分开4. puzzle n 难题;谜 v. 使迷惑5. clarify vt. 澄清;阐明6. relation n.关系;联系7. legal adj.发律的;合法的8. convenience n. 便利;方便9. attraction n. 吸引力;吸引;吸引人的事物10. collection n. 收藏品;珍藏;收集11. construct vt. 建造;构造;创立12. influence vt. 影响;改变 n.影响;势力;有影响力的人13. project n. 课题;计划;工程14. arrange vt. 筹备;安排;整理15. wedding n 婚礼16. fold vt 对折;折叠17. sightseeing n 观光;游览18. available adj 可利用的;可用到的;有用的19. delight n 快乐;高兴;喜悦 vt 使高兴20. uniform n 制服21. spending adj 壮丽的;辉煌的22. statue n 塑像;雕像23. thrill adj 使激动24. unfair adj 不公平的;违反规则的25. smart adj 漂亮的;聪明的26. suggestion n 建议;意见重点短语1. consist of 由……组成2. to one’s surprise 令某人吃惊的是3. break away from 脱离;脱掉4. leave out 省去;遗漏5. make a list of 把……列出清单6. in memory of 为纪念……7. feel proud of 对……感到骄傲8. divide into 把……分成9. refer to 说到10. on special occasions 在特殊的场合11. take the place of 代替12. break down 损坏必修5 Unit3 重点单词:1. vehicle n.交通工具;车辆2. carriage n.四轮马车;客车3. mud n.泥;泥浆4. bathroom n.浴室;盥洗室5. temple n.庙宇;寺院6. private adj.私人的;私有的7 .location n.位置;场所8. settlement n.定居;解决9. impression n.印象;感想;印记10. constant adj.时常发生的;连续不断的11. constantly adv.不断地12. remind v.提醒;使想起13. jet n.喷气式飞机14. previous adj.在前的;早先的15. tablet n.药片16. capsule n.太空舱;胶囊17. Opening n.(出入的)通路;开口;开端18.surrounding n.周围的事物;环境 adj. 周围的ck v.缺乏;没有 n.缺乏;短缺的东西20.ache v & n.痛;疼痛21.mask n.面具;面罩;伪装22. Bend v.(使)弯曲23.press v.按;压;逼迫 n.按;压;印刷;新闻24. swift adj.迅速的;快的;敏捷的25. swiftly adv.迅速地;敏捷地26. master v.掌握;精通;征服;控制 n.主人;师傅;能手27. sight n.视力;视觉;见28. Flash v.(使)闪光;(使)闪现29. switch v.转换 n.开关;转换30. optimistic adj.乐观的;乐观主义的31. pessimistic adj.悲观的;厌世的32. opportunity n.机会;时机33. length n.长度;长34.alien adj.陌生的;外国的;外星的 n.外国人;外星人35. enormous adj.巨大的;庞大的36. imitate v.模仿;仿造37. extraordinary adj.特别的;非凡的38. extraordinarily adv.格外地;特别地39. helmet n.头盔;钢盔40. assist v.援助;帮助;协助41. agency n.代理;中介;代理处42. skip v.跳;蹦43. require v.需要;要求;命令44. cocoa n.可可豆;可可粉;可可饮料45. lemonade n.柠檬水46. herb n.药草;香草重点词组:1.take up 拿起;接受;开始;继续2.in all directions 向四面八方3. lose sight of 不再看见......4. remind of 使……回想起或意识到……5. in no time 立刻,立即6. sweep up 打扫;横扫7. assist in 帮助;援助;协助8. depend on 依靠,依赖9. catch sight of 瞥见……10. speed up 加速11. A lack of ……的缺乏必修5 Unit4 重点单词1. occupation n.职业;占有2. profession n.职业;专业3. photograph n.照片; vt.给……照相4. eager adj.渴望的;热切的5. concentrate vt.集中;聚集6. course n.过程;进程;课程;一道菜7. acquire vt.获得;取得;学到8. meanwhile adv.其间;同时9. trade n.行业;贸易;商业10. case n.情况;病例;案例11. accuse vt.指责;谴责;控告12. deliberately adv.故意地13. guilty adj.犯罪的;有罪的;内疚的14. technical adj.技术(上)的;技巧方面的15. thorough adj.彻底的;详尽的16. gifted adj.有天赋的17. defend vt.防护;辩护;护卫18. crime n.罪行;犯罪19. normal adj.正常的;正规的;标准的20. seldom adv.很少;从不21. edition n.版本;版;版次22. accurate adj.精确的;正确的23. employ vt.雇用;使用24. polish vt.擦亮;磨光;润色25. note vt.特别提到;注意;记下26. chief adj.主要的;首席的 n.首领;长官27. approve vt.赞成;称许;批准28. process n.过程;程序;步骤29. intention n.意图;目的;打算30. appointment n.约会;任命31. senior adj.年长的;高年级的;高级的重点短语1. on one’s own 独自;独立2. be eager to do sth 渴望于……3. concentrate on 全神贯注于4. accuse…of 因……指责或控告……5. go on a story 去采访6. cover a story 采访/报道7. make sure 确定;查明;弄明白;确保8. ahead of time 提前9. have a good “nose” for sth 探查发现某事物的能力24. be supposed to 应当;认为必须25. defend against 防卫以免于必修5 Unit5 重点单词1. aid n.&vt.帮助;援助;资助2. injury n.损伤;伤害3. bleed vi.&vt.(bled, bled)流血4. choke vi.&vt.(使)噎住;(使)窒息5. blood n.血;血液;血统6. burn vi.&vt.(被)烧毁烧伤;(被)烫伤n.烧伤或灼伤(的痕迹)7. organ n.器官8. poison n.毒药;毒害 vt.毒害;使中毒9. treatment n.治疗;处理;对待10. radiation n.辐射;射线11. mild adj.轻微的;温和的;温柔的12. iron n.烙铁;熨斗;铁 vt.烫熨13. electric adj.电的;电动的14. swell vi.&vt.(swelled, swollen)(使)膨胀;隆起15. swollen adj.肿胀的16. damage vt.&n.损害;毁坏17. squeeze vt.&vi. 榨;挤;压榨18. wound n.创伤;伤19. symptom n.症状;征兆20. damp adj.潮湿的21. throat n.咽喉;喉咙22. present vt.给;介绍;赠送;呈现23. ceremony n.典礼;仪式;礼节24. bravery n.勇敢;勇气25. pressure n. 压力;压;按;压迫26. authentic adj.真实的;真正的;可信的重点短语1. first aid 急救2. get injured/burnt 受伤; 烧伤3. protect…against sth 防止; 遭受4. depend on 依靠; 取决于; 依…而定5. squeeze out 榨出6. over and over again 重复7. in place 在适当的位置8. fall ill 生病9. sense of touch 触觉10. put one’s hands on 找到11. dress the injuries 包扎伤口12. make a difference 有作用必修5 Unit1重点单词1. characteristic n.特征;特性2. conclude v.结论3. analyse v.分析4. attend v.照顾;出席;护理;参加5. absorb v.吸收;吸引;使专心6. valuable adj.贵重的;有价值的7. blame v.责备;谴责8. immediately adv.立即;马上9. contribute v.贡献;捐献;捐助10. positive adj.积极的;肯定的;确实的11. strict adj.严格的;严厉的;精确的12. complete adj.完整的;完成的;全部的Vt.完成13. enthusiastic adj.热情的;热心的14. cautious adj.小心的15. reject v.拒绝;不解受;抛弃重点短语1. point of view 态度;观点2. put forward 提出3. draw a conclusion 得出结论4. expose to 暴露。
必修五U1 Great Scientist 重点词汇、短语&句型形象记忆[动]construct建造↔[动]destroy破坏[名]construction建造↔[名]destruction破坏形象记忆Many people contributed money to the poor boy, which contributed to his returning to school. A writer wrote a story about this and contributed it to a newspaper.许多人给那个可怜的男孩捐款,使他可以重返校园。
一位作家写了一则关于此事的故事并把它投到一家报社。
形象记忆5. He placed a fixed sun at the centre of the solar system with_the_planets_going_round_it and only the moon still going round the earth.他把固定的太阳放在太阳系的中心,别的行星都围绕太阳转动,只有月亮仍然围绕地球转动。
with the planets going round it 是“with +宾语+宾语补足语”结构,在句中作状语,表示原因、条件、伴随等。
此外,此结构还可作后置定语。
with 复合结构的构成:with +宾语+⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧ adj ./adv ./介词短语宾语和宾补之间是主动关系宾语和宾补之间是被动关系不定式作宾补有“将来”的含义①The little boy ran along the street with nothing on. 这个小男孩沿街跑着,什么也没穿。
②With prices going_up,_we can't afford too many clothes. 随着物价的上涨,我们买不起太多的衣服。
必修5 Unit1 Great scientistsPart 1. Warming up1.explain及物动词(vt.)解释;说明;阐明[(+to)][+wh-][+(that)]He explained that he had been cheated. 他解释说他是上当受骗了。
Can you explain how the machine operates?你能解释一下这机器是如何运转的吗?Please explain this rule to me.请给我讲解一下这条规则。
不及物动词(vi.)解释;说明;辩解I've got to explain about it. 我得解释一下此事。
2.characteristicn. 特征;特性Kindness is one of his characteristics.adj. 独特的I heard my friend’s characteristic laugh.be characteristic of sb./sth. 是.....的特性Such bluntness is characteristic of hin. 如此迟钝是他的特性。
3. Who put forward a theory about black holes?put forward 提出(建议等);提名;提前,把时钟往前拨He put forward a new plan. 他提出一个新计划。
May I put your name forward as a possible chairman of the committee?我能否提名你当委员会主席?[归纳拓展]put down 记下;镇压put out 关掉;熄灭put aside 放在一边;储存;保留put off 推迟;延期put up 建造;举起;张贴put on 穿上put away 收好选词填空(put off, put up, put forward, put aside, put out)①The plan that you _____ at the meeting is wonderful.②Many tall buildings were _____ along the road.③Firefighters have been called to _____ the fire in the city center.④He has a little money to _____ for a rainy day.⑤Don’t _____ until tomorrow what can be done today.Part 2. Pre-reading, reading and comprehending1. Do you know how to prove a new idea in scientific researchhow to prove a new idea 为“疑问词+不定式”结构,该结构可在句中作主语、宾语、表语等。
必修5 Unit1 Great scientistsPart 1. Warming up1.explain及物动词(vt.)解释;说明;阐明[(+to)][+wh-][+(that)]He explained that he had been cheated. 他解释说他是上当受骗了。
Can you explain how the machine operates?你能解释一下这机器是如何运转的吗?Please explain this rule to me.请给我讲解一下这条规则。
不及物动词(vi.)解释;说明;辩解I've got to explain about it. 我得解释一下此事。
2.characteristicn. 特征;特性Kindness is one of his characteristics.adj. 独特的I heard my friend’s characteristic laugh.be characteristic of sb./sth. 是.....的特性Such bluntness is characteristic of hin. 如此迟钝是他的特性。
3. Who put forward a theory about black holes?put forward 提出(建议等);提名;提前,把时钟往前拨He put forward a new plan. 他提出一个新计划。
May I put your name forward as a possible chairman of the committee?我能否提名你当委员会主席?[归纳拓展]put down 记下;镇压put out 关掉;熄灭put aside 放在一边;储存;保留put off 推迟;延期put up 建造;举起;张贴put on 穿上put away 收好选词填空(put off, put up, put forward, put aside, put out)①The plan that you _____ at the meeting is wonderful.②Many tall buildings were _____ along the road.③Firefighters have been called to _____ the fire in the city center.④He has a little money to _____ for a rainy day.⑤Don’t _____ until tomorrow what can be done today.Part 2. Pre-reading, reading and comprehending1. Do you know how to prove a new idea in scientific researchhow to prove a new idea 为“疑问词+不定式”结构,该结构可在句中作主语、宾语、表语等。
必修5 1 1.及物动词〔.〕解释;说明;说明[()][][+()]. 他解释说他是上当受骗了。
?你能解释一下这机器是如何运转的吗?.请给我讲解一下这条规那么。
不及物动词〔.〕解释;说明;辩白I' . 我得解释一下此事。
n. 特征;特性 .. 独特的I ’s .. 是.....的特性. 如此迟钝是他的特性。
3. a ?提出〔建议等〕;提名;提前,把时钟往前拨a . 他提出一个新方案。
I a ?我能否提名你当委员会主席?[归纳拓展]记下;镇压关掉;熄灭放在一边;储存;保存推迟;延期建造;举起;张贴穿上收好选词填空④ a a .⑤’t .2. ,1. aa 为“疑问词+不定式〞构造,该构造可在句中作主语、宾语、表语等。
’t . 我们还没有决定去哪里。
. 问题是什么时候动身。
2 a 得出结论1)作名词,意为“完毕,结论〞a 得出结论最后I a .最后,我对我的东京之行说几句。
2〕作动词,“完毕;断定;决定〞。
〔作插入语〕最后,作为总结(= ), I .3 a —, , . 约翰·斯诺是伦敦一位著名的医生——他确实医术精湛,以至于成了照料维多利亚女王的私人医生。
① n. 专家,能手〔心理学〕② .熟练的,有专门技术的需专门知识的工作. 参加,注意,照料① 参加a / / a② (): , , 伺候, 照顾,看护a 〔〕.③ 处理,注意倾听I – I .4. . 但当他一想到要帮助那些得了霍乱的普通人时,他就感到很振奋。
(1) 在句中是过去分词作后置定语,表示被动。
意为“患霍乱的〞。
如:. 鲁迅写的书是很受欢送的。
. 昨天我们看见的那个人是史密斯教授。
(2)①暴露 . 他把皮肤暴露在阳光下。
②揭露 . 他揭穿了他们的阴谋。
. 对贪官污吏的罪行一定要毫无保存地予以揭露。
. 暴露的,暴露于风雨中的,无掩蔽的n. 暴露,显露. 把某事暴露于光天化日之下a 揭穿骗局练习:, , .A. B. C. D.5 . 对于它的起因与治疗方法人们都不清楚。
人教版高一英语必修五Unit1知识点详解必修 5 Unit1 Great scientists Part 1. Warming up 1. explain 及物动词(vt.)解释;说明;阐明[(+to)][+wh-][+(that)] He explained that he had been cheated. 他解释说他是上当受骗了。
Can you explain how the machine operates?你能解释一下这机器是如何运转的吗? Please explain this rule to me.请给我讲解一下这条规则。
不及物动词(vi.)解释;说明;辩解 I've got to explain about it. 我得解释一下此事。
2. characteristic n. 特征;特性 Kindness is one of his characteristics. adj. 独特的I heard my friend’s characteristic laugh. be characteristic of sb./sth. 是.....的特性 Such bluntness is characteristic of hin. 如此迟钝是他的特性。
3. Who put forward a theory about black holes? put forward 提出(建议等);提名;提前,把时钟往前拨 He put forward a new plan. 他提出一个新计划。
May I put your name forward as a possible chairman of the committee?我能否提名你当委员会主席? [归纳拓展] put down 记下;镇压 put out 关掉;熄灭 put aside 放在一边;储存;保留 put off 推迟;延期 put up 建造;举起;张贴put on 穿上 put away 收好选词填空(put off, put up, put forward, put aside, put out)①The plan that you _____ atthe meeting is wonderful. ②Many tall buildings were _____ along the road. ③Firefighters have been called to _____ the fire in the city center. ④He has a little money to _____ for a rainy day. ⑤Don’t _____ until tomorrow what can be done today. Part 2. Pre-reading, reading and comprehending 1. Do you know how to prove a new idea in scientific research how to prove a new idea 为“疑问词+不定式”结构,该结构可在句中作主语、宾语、表语等。