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易错点20 语法填空之谓语动词目录01 易错陷阱（5大陷阱）02 举一反三【易错点提醒一】谓语动词与非谓语动词辨析易混易错点【易错点提醒二】谓语动词时态易混易错点【易错点提醒三】谓语动词语态易混易错点【易错点提醒四】谓语动词主谓一致易混易错点【易错点提醒五】谓语动词的词形变化易混易错点03 易错题通关养成良好的答题习惯，是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。
做题前，要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项，并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时，切忌跟着感觉走，最好按照题目序号来做，不会的或存在疑问的，要做好标记，要善于发现，找到题目的题眼所在，规范答题，书写工整;答题完毕时，要认真检查，查漏补缺，纠正错误。
易错陷阱1：谓语动词与非谓语动词辨析易混易错点。
【分析】应当从句首看到句尾，首先找到谓语动词，这就需要掌握谓语动词各种动词时态和语态的正确形式。
若句中已有谓语动词，还需观察是否有连词表示平行的逻辑关系。
陷阱则是常在句中穿插非谓语动词、定语从句等将主语和谓语分开，需仔细辨别。
易错陷阱2：谓语动词时态易混易错点。
【分析】掌握高考重点三大时态一般现在时、一般过去时、现在完成时以及其他时态的基本用法。
如常连用的时间状语，同时注意比较隐蔽的时态暗示词如，previous, then等词。
更应注重语境的分析。
易错陷阱3：谓语动词语态易混易错点。
【分析】语态的错用受母语干扰较多，故如果一旦辨别属于谓语动词，应当关注以下几点：1.根据句意辨别语态是否未被动或主动。
2.谓语动词被动语态构成：be+done；非谓语中过去分词形式：done。
3.不及物动词和系动词的用法。
易错陷阱4：谓语动词主谓一致易混易错点。
【分析】主谓一致需要掌握语法一致原则、意义一致原则、就近原则和就远原则。
主谓一致主要考查判断句子的主语以及主语的单复数形式的能力。
做题时，要分析句子的成分，找出句子的主语和谓语动词，然后根据以上原则及其对应的知识点，从而判断谓语动词的单复数形式。
高考英语语法填空题解题技巧总结（含例题解析）语法填空是近年来高考英语推出的一种新题型。
这种题型能全面检测学生在英语词汇、语法，甚至是句法上的运用才能，能更科学地反应学生的英语综合程度。
本题型分两种情形：一种为已给单词提示；一种为不给单词提示。
一、已给单词提示题型的技巧此类题可以考查学生对单词形式变化的掌握水平。
单词形式变化主要有两种，一是词的形、数、式的变化，一是词的派生变化。
在判断出词的变化之后还应该进一步审题，看是否需要应用复合的变化形式，这一点是很重要的。
技巧一：名词形式变化。
名词的形式变化主要有单数、复数、所有格的变化。
例：There are many students living at school，the(child) houses are all far from schoo1．由students一词可以判断出横线处应填复数，且作为houses的定语，所以应用其所有格形式，故答案为child的复合变化形式——复数的所有格children’s。
技巧二：动词形式变化。
动词的形式变化比较多，有谓语的变化(时态、语态、语气)，有非谓语的变化(不定式、动名词、现在分词、从前分词)。
例：A talk(give) tomorrow is written by Professor Zhang.句中的is written是整句的谓语，所以横线所在的动词应当用作非谓语。
从tomorrow可以看出，报告是“未来”作的，故用不定式；且报告是give动作的承受者，故可以判断出横线所在处用give的不定式被动式——to be given。
技巧三：代词形式变化。
代词形式变化通常是与人称变化有关的三大类五小类，即人称代词(主格和宾格)、物主代词(形容词性和名词性)、反身代词。
另外还有几个不定代词的形式变化，如no one／none、other／another等。
例：The king decided to see the painter by(he).由介词by可以看出，横线处应填反身代词himself。
语法填空错一半？收下这份满分攻略及解题技巧语法填空解题技巧：语法填空重在语境中考查考生的综合语言运用能力。
它是命题人在预先选好的一篇地道的英语文章中，在保证句子成分、结构和语法等有效解题信息基本完备的基础上，挖去10个空所为，这10个空根据有无提示词可分为有提示词类和无提示词类两种。
从近三年高考来看，语法填空的考点分布如下：01有提示词类：设置7个小题02无提示词类：设置3个小题如何应对提示词为动词题【思维流程】【示例1】(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut 65. (report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements，leading to a 66.belief that populations are increasing.【分析】分析句子结构可知，缺少谓语，故应填谓语动词。
由时间状语“In recent years”可知，句子用现在完成时；再由主语“some Inuit people”可知，谓语动词应用复数形式，故谓语动词用have reported。
【示例2】(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)When we got a call 68. (say) she was short-listed, we thought it was 69. a joke.分析：分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词got，空处应填非谓语动词。
再由句意可知，say与前面的a call之间是主动关系，故用现在分词短语saying...作后置定语，修饰a call。
如何应对提示词为其他词题【思维流程】【示例1】(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 66.that/which showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all 67. (cause).【分析】cause表示“原因，起因”时是可数名词，且前面有all修饰，故填cause的复数形式causes。
第七十四讲有提示词的语法填空1提示词为“动词”一学习目标1.了解各个命题点二考点解析⊙有提示词提示词为动词命题点1.考查谓语动词若句中没有别的谓语动词，或者虽然已有谓语动词，但需填的动词与之是并列关系时，所给动词就是谓语动词，就要考虑时态和语态，还要注意主谓一致和虚拟语气。
①(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)So it was a great honour to be invited backstage at the not-for-profit Panda Base, where ticket money helps pay for research. I 62.________ (allow) to get up close to these cute animals at the 600-acre centre.分析：考查时态和语态。
分析句子结构可知，62空所在的句中没有谓语动词，故空处应填谓语动词。
前句的谓语动词是was，根据时态一致的原则，后句的时态也应用一般过去时，I与allow之间为动宾关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态。
故答案为was allowed。
②(2016·四川高考)However, it stayed with her and learned about the ways of the forest. Then, after two and a half years, the mother 69.________ (drive) the young panda away.分析：考查时态。
分析句子结构可知，69空所在句中没有谓语动词，故空处应填谓语动词。
此处是叙述过去的事情，应用一般过去时。
故答案为drove。
命题点2.考查非谓语动词若句中已有谓语动词，又不是并列谓语时，所给动词通常是非谓语动词，就要确定是v.-ing 形式，v.-ed形式，还是不定式。
一般来说，v.-ing形式表示主动、进行；v.-ed形式表示被动完成；不定式表示尚未发生的动作。
高中英语语法填空技巧1一、提示性填空的解题技巧技巧一：若提示词为动词，则先要进行两个步骤：首先将有横线的部分以句子为单位进行划分，其次标出句子中的动词。
1. 若句子中无谓语动词，说明所给提示词则为句子谓语动词，则需考虑动词的时态、语态以及主谓一致。
如果空格前是助动词、情态动词，则空格一定是动词原形。
例1：I was certain she would like it because I_____ (tell) by my classmates that she loved hot food.(was told)例2：After a four-day journey， the young man_____ (present) the water to the old man. ( presented )2. 若句子中已经有一个谓语动词，而且没有连词，则所给提示词为非谓语动词，需考虑非谓语动词，包括现在分词、过去分词和动词不定式。
做题时确定所给出的词与其所修饰的词或其逻辑主语的关系。
如果与中心词是主动关系，一般用现在分词。
如果与中心词是被动关系，一般用过去分词。
如果表示将来，一般用动词不定式。
例3 :He spit it out， ____ (say) it was awful.( saying)例4: His first book___ (publish) next month is based on a true story. (to be published)技巧二：若提示词为名词，则需考虑：(1)可数名词或是不可数名词;(2 )可数名词单数或复数。
例 5 :Tom is one of my best ___ (friend).(friends)技巧三：若提示词为形容词、副词则需考虑：(1)形容词修饰名词;(2 )副词修饰动词、形容词、副词及整个句子;(3)形容词和副词的比较级、最高级。
例6 : “Thirty-five cents，” she said___ (rude).(rudely)技巧四：若考查括号内给出单词的其他形式，通过分析句子结构，判断句子缺少什么成分(修饰什么词)，再用正确的单词形式补充完整。
解题技巧语法填空题的命题形式分为有提示词和无提示词两种，其中以有提示词考查的比重最高，且考查对象以实词为主。
有提示词又分为动词、名词、形容词或副词、代词等几种类型，其中以考查动词、名词最为常见，其次是形容词、副词、代词。
以往代词都出现在无提示词类型中，在近两年考题中，代词也多出现在有提示词类型的考题中，故将其也归为有提示词类型中。
每种类型都对应着相应的解题方法。
掌握这些方法，能够帮助学生快速找到解题线索，以提升解题效率，获取高分。
一、提示词为动词当提示词是动词时，学生需要通过划分句子结构成分，来初步确定空白处是填谓语动词、非谓语动词，又或是需要进行词性转换。
如果作谓语，则要从时态、语态、主谓一致、虚拟语气等方面进行考虑。
不作谓语就要从不定式、过去分词、动词ing 形式等方面考虑。
两者均不是，则考虑词性的转化，此时需要学生结合上下文语境确定词语的类型。
如，2022年英语高考全国甲卷第67题：In the last five years ，Cao __(walk)through...and in 2016...Africa ’s highest mountain.解析：根据句子结构分析，推知空处填谓语动词。
该句以时间状语In the last five years 开头，表明时态需用现在完成时。
主语Cao 与提示词walk 之间构成主动关系，则在语态上使用主动语态。
另外，Cao 为第三人称单数，则谓语动词walk 也用单数形式，最后确定答案填写has walked 。
又如，2022年英语新高考Ⅰ卷第56题：___(cover)an areaabout...，the GPNP will be one of ...in the country.解析：依据句子结构分析，推知空处应填非谓语动词。
仔细观察与cover 有关的短语搭配，句子中未出现介词with ，故cover 的固定短语搭配不考虑。
接着探寻其逻辑主语，即the GPNP 与cover 之间是主动关系，the GPNP 是cover 的逻辑主语，需要用到cover 的ing 形式，又因为cover 位于句首，字母c 要大写，故填Cover-ing 。
语法填空解题指导一、语法填空的空格设计：1.给提示词：动词；名词；形容词和副词；人称代词等2.纯空格（无提示词）：冠词；介词；it；连词；副词等二、给提示词的解题策略①考查谓语动词：主要考查动词的时态和语态，所以考生应熟练掌握新课标要求的10种时态和被动语态的基本知识。
时态考虑要瞻前顾后。
例1. It was raining lightly when I_________(arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn.(2015新课标卷) arrived例2. This cycle __________ (go) day after day: the walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night and are thus always a timely offset(抵消)for the outside temperatures. goes例3. Be patient! Tai Chi_________(call) “shadow boxing”in English. is called②考查非谓语动词:(难点)主要对动词不定式(to do)，现在分词(动词的-ing形式)和过去分词(动词的-ed形式)以及它们相关变式的考查。
非谓语的形式一定要考虑它与其逻辑主语之间的关系.（对句子结构分析能力强）例1.As I squeezed back into my car, I spotted the same lady ___________(lo ok) in at me. “Hello,” she said hesitantly. looking例2.The city ________(found) in the 8th century was taken over by the Romans in 89BC founded③考查动词的名词、形容词或副词形式：主要考查常见的构词法知识，比如常见的动词转化为名词、动词转化为形容词的否定及副词形式的常见变化规则，学生可以适当地加强了解例1.She was _________ (surprise) helpful. surprisingly例2.Just be __________ (patience) . patient例3.It was __________ (nice) gift I’d ever received, and it was from a complete stranger. the nicest例4.There the air is clean and the mountains are green. _______ (fortunate) , with the development of industrialization, the environment has been polluted. Unfortunately常见形容词（副词）的否定前缀（如-un/-dis/-il/-ir/-im/-in等）三、无提示词的解题策略：主要考查冠词、介词、it做形式主语或形式宾语、并列连词and/ but/or/so、三大从句连词以及从上下文语境的角度设题等六个方面。
语法填空中提示词为动词的解题技巧请做下面一组题，思考是如何一步一步做出来的，并将解题的思维过程说出来。
在做完这一组题后，总结一下这类题的解题方法。
Task 1.1. I was on my way to the Taiyetos Mountains. The sun was setting when my car__________ (break) down near a remote and poor village. (2007广东) broke2. Jack_______ (work) in the lab when the power cut occurred. (2016北京) was working3. In the last few years, China _______(make )great achievements in environmental protection. (2015北京) has made4.Ever since 1990, the Greens _________(live)a peaceful life in this village. have lived5.When I _______(choose)to take part in the sport, I felt very surprised because i had never done this before. was chosen6.At present, a big farm __________(build)near our city to solve the problem of the daily vegetable supply.is being built7. Where men control the household, less money __________ ( spend) on healthcare and food,which results in poorer health for children. is spent /will be spent8.It is the first time that she ___________(witness)such a heavy snow storm. has witnessed9.It is three years since he __________(graduate)from Harvard University. graduated★注意1.以上括号中所填的动词为谓语动词还是非谓语动词，判断的原因是什么？此时，还要根据语境确定该动词的______________和______________。
1．People stepped on your feet or _________ (push) you with their elbows(肘部)，hurrying ahead to get to a bargain．（广东省2009年）pushed2.I__________(read)half of the English novel, and I'll try to finish it at the weekend. (2016北京) have read3.She __________(phone)someone, so I nodded to her and went away. (2014 四川) was phoning4. But the dog, after sniffing around for a bit, ______ (lie) down and began to complain about how difficult it, was to find one bone in such a big field. lay5.Hoping he would not be seen, Bob rushed in, ________ (pick) up his book and rushed out. picked6.When I first met Bryan I didn't like him, but I_______(change) my mind. (2013 课标I) have changed★注意2：以上括号中所填的动词为谓语动词还是非谓语动词，判断的原因是什么？句中已经出现了谓语动词，但需要填空的动词与之是并列关系，考的是谓语动词，必须考虑时态语态。
______________________________________________________________________________________1. The famous musician, as well as his students,________(invite)to perform at the opening ceremony of the 2012 Taipei Flower Expo. (2013 福建) was invited2. My mom suggests that we __________(eat)out for a change this weekend. (2013陕西) eat3.She insisted we __________(keep) pace with society. keep4.I will be lost in deep __________(think)about Chinese education and parenting style. thought5.European_________(settle)began in 1840 when the British arrived. settlement6.My father has made a full_________(recover) from the operation. recovery7.I found him an honest and _________(rely )man.reliable★注意3：提示词为动词的几种其它的填写情况？________________________________________Task 1模拟训练(1) His fear of failure ____ (keep) him from classrooms games that other children played with joyous abandon. kept(2) That was definitely not a attractive idea so I politely declined her invitation, ____________ (close) my book and walked away. closed(3) The next time you _____________ (offer) help, no matter what that offer may be, do not turn it down! are offered(4) _________ (leave) it with me and I’ll see what I can do. Leave(5) _________ (get) to the tower building, where you can see the whole city. Get(6) The new machine, if ________ (use) properly, will work for at least ten years. usedTask 2:1.He spit it out, _________(say) it was awful. saying2._______(found) in the early 20th century, the school keeps on inspiring children's love of art. (2013 安徽) Founded3.________(make ) it easier to get in touch with us, you'd better keep this card at hand. (2016北京) to make4.The witness _______(question)by the police just now gave very different descriptions of the fight .questioned5.The airport ______(complete)next year will help promote tourism in this area. (2013 四川) to be completed6.I noticed a man _________(sit) at the front. sitting7.The old couple often take a walk after supper in the park with their pet dog ___ (follow)them. (2012辽宁) following8.Her bike was broken , so he had to get it ________(repair). repaired9.Within a few days Mary became seriously ill,___________(suffer)great pain. suffering10.Only ten boys passed the exam, _________(include)peter and you. including★注意4：以上括号中所填的动词为谓语动词还是非谓语动词，判断的原因是什么？此时,还要根据该种动词的用法确定使用具体的某种形式。
_____todo_________表示将来和目的。
doing 表示__主动_______和____进行________。
done 表示_ 被动___________和____完成_________。
★注意5：有时单纯判断出主被动还不够，还需要进一步分析时间关系，请接招！(1) He is said ________________ (write) two books about his childhood in the past two years.to have written(2) —Why doesn’t she make notes?— She has no pen to use. She seems ________________ (forget) to bring it. to have forgotten(3) The scientist is known _________ (work) on this problem for about ten years.to have been working(4) Peter can’t attend the party _________ (hold) at Tom’s house at present because he is being heldpreparing for the speech at the party _______________ at Mary’s house tomorrow. (hold) to be held (5) ____________ (scold) several times, Bill made up his mind not to watch last night’s movies any more. having been scoldedTask 3高考过招1. The boy, who had remained silent and deep in thought on the journey home, _____(reply) in a way that shocked his father.replied2. They use computers to keep the traffic _ _ (run) smoothly.running3. Up to now, the program _ _ (save) thousands of children who would otherwise have died.has saved4. The Group of Eight, or G8, __ __ (form) by eight of the world’s wealthiest nations in 1998.was formed5. With the world changing fast, we have something new __ __ (deal) with all by ourselves every day. to deal6. Mr. Smith, ___ _ (tire) of the __ _ (bore) speech, started to read a novel. tired boring7. Barbara is easy to recognize as she’s the only one of the women who __ (wear) an evening dress. is wearing8. Liuxiang was the first Asian _ (win) the men’s 110m hurdles at the Olympics in Athens. to win9. When the first English settlers arrived in the New World, the Indians wearing jewellery made of animal bones __ (greet) them warmly. greeted10. When first __ _ (introduce) to the market, these products enjoyed great success.introduced11. __ (give) the right kind of training, these teenage soccer players may one day grow into international stars. Given12. A small plane crashed into a hillside five miles east of the city, __ (kill) all four people on board.killing13. The play _ (produce) next month aims mainly to reflect the local culture.to be produced14. He had a wonderful childhood, _ _(travel) with his mother to all corners of the world. traveling15. Do you believe that there is a __ (connect) between smoking and heart disease?connection16. Last night was the most _ (enjoy) time I’ve had in a month of Sundays.enjoyable17. When we visited my old family home, memory came _ (flood) back.flooding18. She stared at the painting, wondering where she _ (see) it.had seen19. I don’t believe you’ve already finished reading the book I __ _ (lend) to you this morning. lent20. With the government’s aid, those _ affected _(affect) by the earthquake have moved to the newsettlements.21. _ (approach) the city centre, we saw a stone statue of about 10 meters in height.approaching22. Listen! Do you hear someone __ (call ) for help? calling23. The experiment shows that proper amounts of exercise, if _ (carry) out regularly, can improve our health.carried24. I had great difficulty __ _(find) the suitable food on the menu in that restaurant. finding25. That is the only way we can imagine __ _ (reduce) the o veruse of water in students’ bathrooms. to reduceTask 4语篇训练An Arab___1____(walk) through the desert, thirsty for water, when he saw something far off in the distance. _____2_____(hope) to find water, he walked towards the image, only ____3____(find) a little Jewish man____4_____(sit) at a card table with a bunch of neckties ___5____(lay) out on it. The Arab asked, “Please, I _____6____ (die) of thirst, can I have some water?” The Jewish gentleman replied, “ I don’t haveany water, but why don’t you buy a tie? Here’s one that ____7____ (go) nicely with your robes.”The Arab shouted, “ I don’t want a tie, you idiot. I need water.”“ Ok, don’t buy a tie. But ____8____ (show) you what nice guys Jews are, I’ll tell you that over that hill there, about 4 miles, is a nice restaurant. Walk that way, and they ____9____ (give) you all the water you want.”The Arab _____10____ (appear).Three hours later, the Arab came ____11____ (crawl) back to where the Jewish man sat behind his card table. He s aid, “I told you, about 4 miles over that hill. Couldn’t you find it?” The Arab rasped, “ I found itall right. Your brother would not let me in without a tie!”1.was walking 2 hoping 3to find 4sitting 5laid6am dying 7goes 8to show 9will give 10disappeared 11crawling。
