2019年深圳一模参考答案(详解版)

2019年广东省深圳市高考物理一模试卷一、单选题（本大题共5小题，共30.0分）1.在水平地面上方某处，把质量相同的P、O两小球以相同速率沿竖直方向抛出，P向上，O向下，不计空气阻力，两球从抛出到落地的过程中()A. P球重力做功较多B. 两球重力的平均功率相等C. 落地前瞬间，P球重力的瞬时功率较大D. 落地前瞬间，两球重力的瞬时功率相等【答案】D【解析】解：A、根据W=mgℎ可知两球重力做功相同，故A错误；B、上抛的物体运动时间长，根据P=Wt可知两球重力的平均功率不相等，故B错误；C、根据机械能守恒定律可知12mv2=mgℎ+12mv02可知，两球落地的速度相同，根据P=mgv可知落地前瞬间，两球重力的瞬时功率相等，故C错误，D 正确；故选：D。

根据W=mgℎ判断重力功；根据P=Wt判断重力做功的平均功率；根据P=Fv判断落地前瞬时重力的瞬时功率。

该题的关键要熟练运用机械能守恒定律分析抛体的运动情况，明确瞬时功率和平均功率的计算方法。

2.如图，带电的平行板电容器和静电计用导线相连()A. 若仅使上极板上移一段距离，则电容器的电容增大B. 若仅向两板间插入云母介质，则板间电场强度减小C. 若静电计指针张角增大，可能仅是因为两板正对面积增大D. 若静电计指针张角减小，可能仅是因为两板间距变大【答案】B【解析】解：A、根据C=ϵS4πkd可知，若仅使上极板上移一段距离，则d变大，电容器的电容减小，故A错误；B、根据C=ϵS4πkd ，若仅向两板间插入云母介质，则电容器的电容变大，根据C=QU可知，两板电势差U减小，根据E=Ud可知板间电场强度减小，故B正确；C、若仅是因为两板正对面积增大，根据C=ϵS4πkd 可知C变大，由C=QU可知U减小，即静电计指针张角减小，故C错误；D、仅是因为两板间距变大，根据C=ϵS4πkd 可知C变小，由C=QU可知U变大，即静电计指针张角变大，故D错误；故选：B。

2019年高考深圳一模物理试题及答案（2019.3.8）每小题4分，满分16分．每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一个选项最符合题目要求，选对的得4分，多选、选错或不答的得0分．1．下列说法正确的是A．布朗运动是液体分子的运动，它说明分子在永不停息地做无规则运动B．1 g水所含有的分子个数与阿伏加德罗常数相等C．玻尔理论成功地解释了各种原子的发光现象D．卢瑟福根据α粒子散射实验建立了原子的核式结构模型2．如图所示，斜面AB、DB摩擦因数相同．可视为质点的物体，分别沿AB、DB从斜面顶端由静止下滑到底端，下列说法正确的是A．物体沿斜面DB滑动到底端时动能较大B．物体沿斜面AB滑动到底端时动能较大C．物体沿斜面DB滑动到底端过程中克服摩擦力做的功较多D．物体沿斜面AB滑动到底端过程中克服摩擦力做的功较多3．让钢球从某一高度竖直落下进入液体中，图中表示的是闪光照相机拍摄的钢球在液体中的不同位置．则下列说法正确的是Ａ．钢球进入液体中先做加速运动，后做减速运动Ｂ．钢球进入液体中先做减速运动，后做加速运动Ｃ．钢球在液体中所受到阻力先大于的重力，后等于的重力Ｄ．钢球在液体中所受到阻力先小于的重力，后等于的重力4．如图所示，水平光滑的金属框架上左端连接一个电阻R，有一金属杆在外力F匀强磁场方向竖直向下，轨道与金属杆的电阻不计并接触良好，则能反映外力F随时间t变化规律的图像是二、双项选择题：本题共5小题，每小题6分，满分30分．在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有2个选项符合题目要求，全选对的得6分，只选1项且正确的得3分，有多选、选错或不答的得0分．5．根据热力学定律和分子动理论，下列说法正确的是A．气体的温度越高，气体分子无规则运动的平均动能越大B．物体的温度为0℃时，物体分子的平均动能为零C.分子势能一定随分子间距离的增大而增大D. 给物体加热，物体的内能不一定增加6．在居室装修中经常用到花岗岩、大理石等装饰材料，都不同程度地含有放射性元素，有些A B DCAB CD含有铀、钍的花岗岩会释放出放射出α、β、γ射线，根据有关放射性知识可知，下列说法正确的是A．发生α衰变时，生成核与原来的原子核相比，核内质量数减少2B．发生β衰变时，生成核与原来的原子核相比，核内中子数减少1C．β射线是原子的核外电子电离后形成的电子流D．在这三种射线中，γ射线的穿透能力最强，电离能力最弱7．某卫星在月球上空绕月球做匀速圆周运动，若已知该卫星绕月球的周期和轨道半径，则由已知物理量可以求出A．月球的质量B．月球的密度C．月球对卫星的引力D．卫星的向心加速度8．如图所示，真空中等量异种点电荷放置在M、N两点，在连线上有对称点a、c，MN连线的中垂线上有对称点b、d，则下列说法正确的是A．a点场强与c点场强一定相同B．a点电势一定小于c点电势C．负电荷在c点电势能一定大于在a点电势能D．正电荷从d点移到b点电场力不做功9．交流电源输出的电压U随时间t变化的图线如图所示，则下列说法正确的是A．交变电流的频率为50HzB．交变电流的周期为2SC．交变电压的最大值2220VD．交变电压的有效值2220V三、实验题：本题共2小题，共18分．答案或图必须填写在答题卡上指定区域的指定位置．10．（8分）（1）在研究弹簧的弹性势能与弹簧长度改变量的关系的实验中，弹簧长度的改变量可以利用刻度尺直接测量得到，而弹性势能的大小只能通过物理原理来间接测量．现有两组同学分别按图甲（让钢球向左压缩弹簧一段距离后由静止释放，使钢球沿水平方向射出桌面）和图乙（让滑块向左压缩弹簧一段距离后由静止释放，使滑块在气垫导轨上向右运动，通过相应的测量仪器可以测出滑块脱离弹簧后的速度）两组不同的测量方案进行测量．请写出图甲方案中弹性势能与小球质量及图中各量之间的关系E P= ；图乙方案中除了从仪器上得到滑块脱离弹簧后的速度外还要直接测量的量；两种方案的共同点都是将弹性势能的测量转化为对能的测量．请你用简短的语言设计第三种研究弹簧弹性势能的方案．-图甲图乙10．（10分）（2）在探究金属丝的电阻与金属丝长度的关系的实验中，某实验小组得到了如图所示的R-L实验图线，则图线的斜率与导线的横截面积的乘积表示的物理量是．为了测量金属丝的电阻（阻值在5-10Ω间），实验提供了下列器材和电路：A. 电压表（0～3V，内阻1kΩ）B. 电压表（0～15V，内阻5kΩ）C. 电流表（0～0.6A，内阻2Ω）D. 电流表（0～3A，内阻0.5Ω）E. 滑动变阻器（10Ω，0.2A）F. 滑动变阻器（50Ω，0.6A）G. 直流电源（6V，内阻不计）另有开关一个、导线若干．实验中电路应选，电压表应选______，电流表应选______，滑动变阻器应选______．（只填器材的字母代号）．四、计算题：本题共2小题，36分．解答应写出必要的文字说明、方程式和重要的演算步骤，只写出最后答案的不能得分．有数值计算的题答案中必须明确写出数值和单位．必须填写在答题卡上指定区域的指定位置．11．（18分）如图所示，ABCDE是由三部分光滑轨道平滑连接在一起组成的，AB为水平轨道，BCD是半径为R的半圆弧轨道，DE是半径为2R的圆弧轨道，BCD与DE相切在轨道最高点D，R=0.6m．质量为M=0.99 kg的小物块，静止在AB轨道上，一颗质量为m=0.01kg 子弹水平射入物块但未穿出，物块与子弹一起运动，恰能贴着轨道内侧通过最高点从E点飞出．取重力加速度g=10m/s2，求：（1）物块与子弹一起刚滑上圆弧轨道B（2）子弹击中物块前的速度；（3）系统损失的机械能．图甲图乙12．（18分）如图所示，在空间中存在垂直纸面向里的场强为B 匀强磁场，其边界AB 、CD 的宽度为d ，在左边界的Q 点处有一质量为m ，带电量为负q 的粒子沿与左边界成30o 的方向射入磁场，粒子重力不计．求：（1）带电粒子能从AB 边界飞出的最大速度？（2）若带电粒子能垂直CD 边界飞出磁场，穿过小孔进入如图所示的匀强电场中减速至零且不碰到负极板，则极板间电压及整个过程中粒子在磁场中运动的时间？ （3）若带电粒子的速度是（2）中的3倍，并可以从Q 点沿纸面各个方向射入磁场，则粒子能打到CD 边界的范围？A参考答案：10．（1）E P=mgS2/4h；滑块的质量；动能；（此空根据情况给分）(每空2分)10．（2）金属丝的电阻率；乙；A ；C ；F (每空2分)11．（1）由物块与子弹一起恰能通过轨道最高点D，得：2()()2DvM m g M mR+=+（3分）又由物块与子弹上滑过中根据机械能守恒得：2211()()2()22D BM m v M m g R M m v+++⋅=+（3分）代入数据解得：6/Bv m s=（2分）（2）由动量守恒()Bmv M m v=+（3分）600/v m s=（2分）（3）根据能的转化和守恒定律得2211()22BE mv M m v∆=-+（3分）代入数据得：1782E J∆=（2分）12．（１）粒子能从左边界射出，临界情况有cos30R R d+︒=RvmBqv2=2(2(1cos30)Bqd Bqdvm m==+︒（3分）所以粒子能从左边界射出速度应满足v≤（3分）/（２）粒子能从右边界射出 030cos dR = R v m B q v 222= （2分） 2212mv qU = 解得2222222cos 303B qd B qd U m m ==︒ （1分） 粒子不碰到右极板所加电压满足的条件 2223B qd U m≥ （1分）因粒子转过的圆心角为60︒，所用时间为6T，而Bq m T π2= （1分）因返回通过磁场所用时间相同，所以总时间 Bqm T t 3262π=⨯= （1分） （３）当粒子速度为是（2）中的3倍时 解得 /2R d = 粒子，如图 （3分）由几何关系可得d d l 3230cos 220=⨯= （3分）。

219 年深圳市高三年级第一考试语文答案 （一）论述类文本阅读（3 小题， 9 分） 1. 【参考答案】 D 【试题分析】本题要求考生选出不正确的一项，答是 D 。

D 项，与之相应的原文 是第三段末尾： “近代梁启超、章太炎、梁漱溟等大儒者，他们尽管以回归或延续儒学为学 术旨趣， 并对西方文化有各种批评， 但他们对以往经典的诠释在不同层面上都受到西方外来 观念的影响，都体现了‘学无中西’的理念，这也就是他们的学说被称为‘新儒学要 原因。

”按此理解，“新儒学”的大儒们的确批评了西方文化， 对经典的诠释受到西方观念的 影响，但“批评”不等于“辩证地认识” ，“受影响”不等于“ 充分 借鉴吸收”。

A 项对应原 文第一段 “经典的形成总是与特定的文化背景、 特定的民族和地域相联系 ⋯⋯ 经有超 越时代的价值，更有超越地域的世界性的意义 ”，且以《论语》《理想国》为例，二者一中一 外又均为经典， 题干转述正确。

B 项对应原文第一段 “ 经典具有了某种特殊品格 ⋯ ⋯ 内含从 普遍的文化层面加以阐释的可能， 例如，今天我们可从责任意识意识的层面进行阐 发，思考如何使个体充分履行各题 ”。

从其论断与举例中可以看出，题干转述正 确。

C 项对应原文第一段的“ 经典具有了某种特殊品格 ”、第二段的“ 承认经典具有普遍意 义”（普遍意义包括第一段的超时代价值和超地域的世界性意义） “ 在阅读、 理解经典的过程 中，一方面，我们需要引进来，借鉴西方历史演化过程中积累的文化成一方面，我们 也需要主动走出去，参与世界范围的鸣 ”，转述正确。

2. 【参考答案】 D 【试题分析】 本题要求考生选出表述不正确的一项， 答是 D 。

D 项对应原文中的 第三段 “‘以中释中 ’，即以所谓纯粹传统中国概念去理解中题， 这种思路明显忽视了 经典的普遍意义⋯⋯ 与之相比，在 20 世纪初所倡导的“学无中西”的观念则更具有 开放意识 ”确实比较了二者的不同点，但二者对比论证的目的是论证本段论点“ 承 认经典具有普遍意义， 还要再反思。

深圳市2019年高三年级第一次调研考试 文科数学试题参考答案及评分标准第Ⅰ卷一．选择题（1） C （2） B （3） A （4） C （5） B （6） A （7） C （8） A （9） C（10）B （11）D （12）C12【解析】不妨设21x x <，由12()()f x f x =，要使12||x x -最大，即转化为求()12max x x -， 问题可转化为（如图所示）11(,)A x y 到1(0)y x x =+<距离的最大值问题． 此时需过A 点的切线与1y x =+平行． 当0x >时，()ln 1f x x '=+，令()1f x '=，则11x =，(1,0)A ，21x =- 所以12||x x -的最大值为2．二．填空题：13．e 1+14．60︒ 15．2 16．16【解析】由题意可知 11sin15024ABC S ac ac ∆=︒==ac =．设BD x =，则14BCD ABD S S ax ∆∆+==可得x =，当且仅当a =时x 取到最大值，所以a =2c =，由余弦定理可得b = 三、解答题：解答应写出文字说明，证明过程或演算步骤． 17．（本小题满分12分）记n S 为等差数列{}n a 的前n 项和．已知14a =，公差0d >，4a 是2a 与8a 的等比中项．（1）求数列{}n a 的通项公式； （2）求数列1{}nS 前n 项和为n T ． 【解析】（1）∵2a ，4a ，8a 成等比数列， ∴2428a a a =，∴2111(3)()(7)a d a d a d +=++， ……………………………………2分 ∴2(43)(4)(47)d d d +=++，解得4d =或0d =， ∵0d >，∴4d =． ………………………………………………………4分 ∴数列{}n a 的通项公式1(1)4()n a a n d n n *=+-=∈N ． …………………6分（2）∵21()222n n n a a S n n +==+， …………………………………………8分 ∴211111()2221n S n n n n ==-++， ………………………………………10分 ∴12111......nn T S S S =+++ 111111111()()()(1)21223121n n n ⎡⎤=-+-++-=-⎢⎥++⎣⎦． ……………12分 【命题意图】本题主要考查等差数列的通项公式、前n 项和公式、等比中项、裂项相消求和法等知识与技能，重点考查方程思想，考查数学运算、逻辑推理等数学核心素养．18．（本小题满分12分）工厂质检员从生产线上每半个小时抽取一件产品并对其某个质量指标Y 进行检测，一共抽取了48件产品，并得到如下统计表．该厂生产的产品在一年内所需的维护次数与指标Y指标Y 的平均值（保留两位小数）；（2）用分层抽样的方法从上述样本中先抽取6件产品，再从6件产品中随机抽取2件产品，求这2件产品的指标Y 都在[]9.8, 10.2内的概率；（3）已知该厂产品的维护费用为300元/次．工厂现推出一项服务：若消费者在购买该厂产品时每件多加100元，该产品即可一年内免费维护一次．将每件产品的购买支出和一年的维护支出之和称为消费费用．假设这48件产品每件都购买该服务，或者每件都不购买该服务，就这两种情况分别计算每件产品的平均消费费用，并以此为决策依据，判断消费者在购买每件产品时是否值得购买这项维护服务？【解析】（1） 指标Y 的平均值132=9.6+10+10.410.07666⨯⨯⨯≈．……………2分 （2）由分层抽样法知，先抽取的6件产品中，指标Y 在[]9.8,10.2内的有3件，记为123A A A 、、；指标Y 在(]10.2,10.6内的有2件，记为12B B 、；指标Y 在[)9.4,9.8内的有1件，记为C ． …………………3分从6件产品中随机抽取2件产品，共有基本事件15个：()()()121311A A A A A B ,、,、,、()()121A B A C ,、,、()()()()2321222,,,,A A A B A B A C 、、、、()()()31323,,,A B A B A C 、、、 ()()()1212,,,B B B C B C 、、． …………………5分其中，指标Y 都在[]9.8,10.2内的基本事件有3个：()()()121323,A A A A A A ,、,、． …………………6分所以由古典概型可知，2件产品的指标Y 都在[]9.8,10.2内的概率为31155P ==． …………………7分（3）不妨设每件产品的售价为x 元，假设这48件样品每件都不购买该服务，则购买支出为48x 元．其中有16件产品一年内的维护费用为300元/件，有8件产品一年内的维护费用为600元/件，此时平均每件产品的消费费用为()1=4816300+8600=20048x x η⨯+⨯⨯+元； …………………9分 假设为这48件产品每件产品都购买该项服务，则购买支出为()48100x +元，一年内只有8件产品要花费维护，需支出8300=2400⨯元，平均每件产品的消费费用()1=48100+830015048x x ξ⨯+⨯=+⎡⎤⎣⎦元． …………………11分 所以该服务值得消费者购买． …………………12分【命题意图】本题主要考查通过用样本估计总体（平均数）、古典概型、概率决策等知识点，重点体现数学运算、数据分析等数学核心素养．19．（本小题满分12分）已知四棱锥P ABCD -的底面ABCD 为平行四边形，PD DC =，AD PC ⊥．（1）求证：AC AP =；（2）若平面APD ⊥平面ABCD ，120ADC ∠=︒，4AD DC ==，求点B 到平面PAC 的距离．【解析】（1）证明：取PC 中点M ，连接AM ，DM ，……1分PD DC =，且M 为PC 中点，∴DM PC ⊥， ………………………………2分AD PC ⊥，ADDM D =， …………………3分∴PC⊥平面ADM ， ………………………………4分AM ⊂平面ADM ，∴PC AM ⊥， ……………………………………5分M 为PC 中点，∴AC PA =． ……………………………………6分（2）过点P 作PH 垂直AD 延长线于点H ，连接CH ， ……………………7分 平面APD ⊥平面ABCD ，平面APD平面ABCD AD =，PH ⊂平面APD ，PH ⊥AD ，∴PH ⊥平面ABCD ，……………………………8分CH ⊂平面ABCD ，∴PH ⊥CH ， ………………………………9分PD DC =，AD AD =，AC AP =，∴ADP ADC ∆≅∆，∴120ADC ADP ∠=∠=︒，∴4PD CD AD ===，AC AP ==PH CH ==PC =…………………10分设B h 为点B 到平面PAC 的距离， 由于P ABC B ACP V V --=，可得1133ABC ACP B S PH S h ∆∆⋅=⋅，1442ABC S ∆=⨯⨯=12ACP S ∆=⨯= …………………………………………11分所以B h =．即点B 到平面PAC ．…………………………………………12分 【命题意图】本题主要考查了线面垂直的判定定理、线面垂直的定义、面面垂直的性质、等体积法求点到面的距离等知识，重点考查等价转换思想，体现了直观想象、数学运算、逻辑推理等核心素养．20．（本小题满分12分）设抛物线C ：24y x =，直线:l 20x my --=与C 交于A ，B 两点． （1）若AB =，求直线l 的方程；（2）点M 为AB 的中点，过点M 作直线MN 与y 轴垂直，垂足为N ，求证：以MN 为直径的圆必经过一定点，并求出该定点坐标．【解析】（1）由22,4,x my y x =+⎧⎨=⎩消去x 并整理，得2480y my --=，……………1分显然216320m ∆=+>，设),(11y x A ，),(22y x B ，由韦达定理可得，124y y m +=，821-=⋅y y ，…………………………………3分12AB y y =-=AB ∴== ………………………………………4分 24m ∴=-（舍去）或21m =，1m ∴=±，∴直线方程为02=--y x 或02=-+y x ． ………………………………5分（2）设AB 的中点M 的坐标为),(M M y x ，则1222M y y y m +==， 又21212()444x x m y y m +=++=+，212222M x x x m +∴==+， ……………………………………………………6分 2(22,2)M m m ∴+，由题意可得(0,2)N m ， …………………………………7分设以MN 为直径的圆经过点),(00y x P则200(22,2)PM m x m y =+--，00(,2)PN x m y =--，…………………8分 由题意可得，0=⋅，即22200000(42)420x m y m x y x --++-=， ………………………………9分由题意可知00220004204020x y x y x ⎧-=⎪=⎨⎪+-=⎩，，，……………………………………………10分20=∴x ，00=y ， …………………………………………………11分∴定点)0,2(即为所求． ………………………………………………………12分【命题意图】本题主要考查抛物线方程、直线与抛物线位置关系、弦长公式、定点问题等知识，重点考查数形结合思想，体现了数学运算、数学建模、逻辑推理等数学核心素养． 21．（本小题满分12分）已知函数()()2e 2xf x ax x =+--， 其中2a >-．（1）当0a =时，求函数()f x 在[]1,0-上的最大值和最小值；（2）若函数()f x 为R 上的单调函数，求实数a 的取值范围．【解析】（1）当0a =时，()=2e 2x f x x --，()=2e 1x f x '-．………………1分 由()0f x '>解得ln 2x >-，由()0f x '<解得ln 2x <-．故函数()f x 在区间[]1,ln 2--上单减，在区间[]ln2,0-上单增． …………2分 ∴ ()min ()ln 2ln 21f x f =-=-． ……………………3分 ∵2(1)=10ef --<，(0)=0f ， ∴ max ()(0)0f x f ==． ……………………………………4分 （2）法一： 令()()()2e 1xg x f x ax a '==++-，则()()22e xg x ax a '=++．（i ）当=0a 时，由（1）知，与题意不符； …………………5分 （ii ）当0a >时，由2()0 2g x x a ⎛⎫'>⇒>-+⎪⎝⎭，2()0 2g x x a ⎛⎫'<⇒<-+ ⎪⎝⎭． ∴ 22min 2()=g 2=e 10ag x a a --⎛⎫----< ⎪⎝⎭，∵ (0)=+10g a >，∴ 此时函数()f x '存在异号零点，与题意不符． ……………………6分 （iii ）当20a -<<时，由()0 g x '>，可得2 2x a ⎛⎫<-+⎪⎝⎭， 由()0 g x '<可得22x a ⎛⎫>-+ ⎪⎝⎭． ∴()g x 在2,2a ⎛⎫-∞--⎪⎝⎭上单调递增，在22+a ⎛⎫--∞ ⎪⎝⎭，上单调递减．故22max 2()=g 2=e 1a g x a a --⎛⎫---- ⎪⎝⎭． ……………………7分由题意知，22e 10aa ----≤恒成立． ……………………8分令22t a --=，则上述不等式等价于e 12t t≤+，其中1t >-．……………9分 易证，当0t >时，e 112ttt >+>+， 又由（1）的结论知，当(]10t ∈-，时，e 12tt≤+成立． …………………11分 由2120a-<--≤，解得21a -<≤-． 综上，当21a -<≤-时，函数()f x 为R 上的单调函数，且单调递减． …12分 （2）法二：因为2(1)10ef '-=-<，所以函数()f x 不可能在R 上单调递增．…6分 所以，若函数()f x 为R 上单调函数，则必是单调递减函数，即()0f x '≤恒成立． 由(0)10f a '=+≤可得1a ≤-，故()0f x '≤恒成立的必要条件为21a -<≤-． ……………………………7分令()()()2e 1x g x f x ax a '==++-，则()()22e xg x ax a '=++．当21a -<≤-时，由()0 g x '>，可得2 2x a ⎛⎫<-+ ⎪⎝⎭， 由()0 g x '<可得22x a ⎛⎫>-+ ⎪⎝⎭， ∴()g x 在2,2a ⎛⎫-∞--⎪⎝⎭上单调递增，在22+a ⎛⎫--∞ ⎪⎝⎭，上单调递减．故22max 2()=g 2=e 1a g x a a --⎛⎫---- ⎪⎝⎭． ………………………………………9分22()=e1ah a a ----令，下证：当21a -<≤-时，22()=e 10a h a a ----≤．即证221eaa--≤-．令22t a --=，其中(]1,0t ∈-，则112t a -=+． 则原式等价于证明：当(]1,0t ∈-时，e 12tt≤+． ……………………11分 由（1）的结论知，显然成立．综上，当21a -<≤-时，函数()f x 为R 上的单调函数，且单调递减． ………12分【命题意图】本题主要考查利用导数研究函数的单调性和最值问题，以及不等式恒成立问题，重点考查分类讨论、化归转化等数学思想，体现了数学运算、逻辑推理等核心素养．请考生在第22、23两题中任选一题作答．注意：只能做所选定的题目．如果多做，则按所做的第一题计分，作答时请用2B 铅笔在答题卡上将所选题号后的方框涂黑．22．（本小题满分10分）选修4－4：坐标系与参数方程 在直角坐标系xOy 中，直线l 的参数方程为⎩⎨⎧=+-=,sin ,cos 2ααt y t x （t 为参数），以坐标原点为极点，x 轴的正半轴为极轴建立极坐标系，曲线C 的极坐标方程为θρcos 2=，直线l 与曲线C 交于A ，B 两个不同的点．（1）求曲线C 的直角坐标方程； （2）若点P 为直线l 与x 轴的交点，求2211PBPA+的取值范围．【解析】（1）∵ θρcos 2= ∴ θρρcos 22=， …………………………………1分 ∵222y x +=ρ，x =θρcos ， …………………………………3分∴ 曲线C 的直角坐标方程为0222=-+x y x ． …………………………………5分 （2）将⎩⎨⎧=+-=,sin ,cos 2ααt y t x 代入曲线C 的直角坐标方程，可得08cos 62=+-t t α， …………………………………6分由题意知236cos 320α∆->=，故98cos2>α，又1cos 2≤α，⎥⎦⎤⎝⎛∈∴1,98cos 2α， …………………………………7分设这个方程的两个实数根分别为1t ，2t ，则αcos 621=+t t ，821=⋅t t ， …………………………………8分 1t ∴与2t 同号，由参数t 的几何意义可得：αcos 62121=+=+=+t t t t PB PA ，821=⋅=⋅t t PB PA ，22222()211PA PB PA PBPAPBPA PB+-⋅∴+=⋅221212212()29cos 4()16t t t t t t α+-⋅-==⋅， ……………………………………9分 ⎥⎦⎤⎝⎛∈1,98cos 2α ，⎥⎦⎤ ⎝⎛∈-∴165,41164cos 92α，2211PBPA+∴的取值范围为⎥⎦⎤⎝⎛165,41． ………………………………10分 【命题意图】本题主要考查极坐标方程与直角坐标方程互化、直线的参数方程、直线与圆的位置关系、函数的最值问题等知识点，重点考查数形结合思想，体现了数学运算、逻辑推理等核心素养．23．（本小题满分10分）选修4－5：不等式选讲设函数21)(-++=x x x f ，1)(2++-=mx x x g ．（1）当4-=m 时，求不等式)()(x g x f <的解集；（2）若不等式)()(x g x f <在⎥⎦⎤⎢⎣⎡--21,2上恒成立，求m 的取值范围． 【解析】（1）21)(-++=x x x f ，⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧≥-<<--≤+-=∴,2,12,21,3,1,12)(x x x x x x f ……………………………………………………1分当4-=m 时，14)(2+--=x x x g ，① 当1-≤x 时，原不等式等价于022<+x x ，解得，02<<-x ，12-≤<-∴x ． ………………………………………………2分② 当21<<-x 时，原不等式等价于0242<++x x ， 解得，2222+-<<--x ，221+-<<-∴x ． ……………………………………………………3分③ 当2≥x 时，11)2()(-=≤g x g ，而3)2()(=≥f x f ，∴不等式)()(x g x f <解集为空集． ………………………………………………4分综上所述，不等式)()(x g x f <的解集为),(222+--． ……………………5分 （2）① 当12-≤≤-x 时，)()(x g x f <恒成立等价于x x mx 22->，又0<x ， 2-<∴x m ，故4-<m ； …………………………………………………7分② 当211-≤<-x 时，)()(x g x f <恒成立等价于3)(>x g 恒成立，即3)(min >x g ， 只需⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧>->-3)21(3)1(g g 即可，由此可得⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧-<-<,29,3m m 29-<∴m ， …………………………………………9分 综上所述，9,2m ⎛⎫∈-∞-⎪⎝⎭． ……………………………………………………10分 【命题意图】本题主要考查绝对值不等式以及一元二次不等式的解法、分段函数等知识点，重点考查分类讨论思想，体现了数学运算、逻辑推理等核心素养．命题组长：李志敏（深圳市教科院） 副组长：董正林（深圳中学）， 命题组成员：金宁（深圳市第三高级中学中学）， 吴振文（深圳市翠园中学）， 陈林（深圳大学附中）。

绝密★启用前试卷类型：A 深圳市2019年高三年级第一次调研考试语文2019.2 试卷共10页，卷面满分150分，考试用时150分钟。

注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。

回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。

写在本试卷上无效。

3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

一、现代文阅读(36分)(一)论述类文本阅读(本题共3小题，9分)阅读下面的文字，完成1～3题。

经典的形成总是与特定的文化背景、特定的民族和地域相联系，因而经典具有了某种特殊品格。

但是，经典之所以成为经典，还表现于它的超时代价值。

《论语》中的“君君臣臣父父子子”体现了春秋时期政治体制及伦理关系中的价值取向，同时也内含从普遍的文化层面加以阐释的可能，例如，今天我们可以从责任意识和义务意识的层面进行阐发，思考如何使个体充分履行各自义务的问题。

经典不仅有超越时代的价值，更有超越地域的世界性的意义。

真正的经典既是民族的，也是世界的，它是世界文化共同财富的组成部分。

中外经典，概莫能外。

柏拉图的《理想国》是西方文化中的经典，其重点讨论的正义问题的意义和价值不只适用于西方；儒家典籍《论语》讨论的仁道原则，其意义同样超越中国。

在不同的文化尚未相互作用时，这样的意义也许隐而不彰，但当不同文化彼此相遇，经典的世界性的意义就会显现出来。

承认经典具有普遍意义，就意味着我们要开眼界。

在阅读、理解经典的过程中，如果眼界封闭，常常会给经典的理解带来多方面的限制；而视域的扩展，则有助于更深入地把握经典。

因此，一方面，我们需要引进来，借鉴西方历史演化过程中积累的文化成果；另一方面，我们也需要主动走出去，参与世界范围的百家争鸣。

不管是西方文化的引进来，还是中国文化的走出去，都既要以其各自的特殊内涵为背景，也要以它们所具有的普遍意义为前提。

2019年深圳一模语文试题及答案，附作文范文2019年深圳市高三年级第一次调研考试下水作文（2019.2.21）【原题再现】阅读下列材料，根据要求写作。

（60分）点击链接就可以阅读美文，打开图片就可以欣赏风景，扫码支付就可以购买时装……科学的发展使成果的共享变得更加便捷。

只是，我们仍然很难共享写作者的思考，摄影师的体验，设计师的匠心……这些仍然属于独创者独有。

对于国家而言，你可以共享别国科学发展的成果，只是很难共享他们独有的关键核心技术。

因为关键核心技术要不来，买不来，讨不来。

我们生活中并不缺乏“共享者”，同时，新时代的中国呼唤着更多的青年人成为某一领域的独创者、独有者。

因为，有什么样的青年，中国就会有什么样的未来。

以上材料触发了你怎样的感悟或思考？请根据材料写一篇文章，表明你的态度，阐述你的看法。

要求：选好角度，确定立意，明确文体，自拟标题；不要套作，不得抄袭，不得泄露个人信息；不少于800字。

【下水作文】1、人人手植一株花，年年共享十分春深圳第二外国语学校龚志民天下财富、美景、成果，我观、我享，不能代替我创、我有。

好东西可以“试用”，却没有永久免费的“共享”。

享受共享资源的多少、时间的长短，取决于你有多少独创独有且别人需要的资源来交换。

如果读他人美文不孕育自己的思想，只是为了卖弄学识，那意义就不大了。

取他山之石，琢我之玉器，才是王道。

山是人家的，石是山上产的，还怕你拿走几块石头？且科技之石、思想之石是可以不断衍生发展、不断再生长的，有“独创、独有”之山在，就不在意你拿走任何一块顽石。

改革开放初期，满街高档商品多是洋货，我享而非我造，发达国家笑脸相迎。

现在，中国已是最大的制造国，货行天下，我享大多我造，但仍大多非我创，尤其是高端科技产品，某些发达国家有了危机感。

当屌丝在朋友圈晒苹果炫时尚时，美国乐观其成；当马云的淘宝平台一夜暴富、极大地改变了国人的生活方式时，美国让阿里巴巴在美国上市；当华为率先攻下5G核心技术时，川普就莫须有地翻脸，对华为动手了。

深圳市2019年高三年级第一次调研考试理科综合能力测试一、选择题：本大题共13小题，每小题6分，共78分。

在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。

1．人体胰腺细胞中粗面内质网(附着核糖体的内质网)含量较高，性腺细胞中滑面内质网含量较高。

据此推测合理的是A．性激素的化学本质为蛋白质B．粗面内质网参与蛋白质的合成C．性激素直接由基因转录翻译而成D．胰腺细胞中无性激素合成基因2．在光裸的岩地长成森林的过程中，有关土壤的说法错误的是A．地衣分泌有机酸加速岩石风化，土壤颗粒数增多B．苔藓植物进一步加速岩石分解，土壤微生物增加C．草本阶段多种生物共同作用下，土壤有机物增加D．演替过程中有机物逐渐增加，土壤通气性逐渐下降3．由青霉菌中提取的淀粉酶在不同温度条件下分别催化淀粉反应1h和2h，其产物麦芽糖的相对含量如图所示。

相关分析正确的是A．第1h内，酶的最适温度在45-50℃之间B．第1h到第2h，45℃条件下淀粉酶活性提高C．第1h到第2h，50℃条件下酶的催化作用明显D．若只生产1h，45℃左右时麦芽糖产量相对较高4．有的时候，携带丙氨酸的tRNA上反密码子中某个碱基改变，对丙氨酸的携带和转运不产生影响。

相关说法正确的是A．tRNA可作为蛋白质翻译的模版B．tRNA的反密码子直接与氨基酸结合C．决定丙氨酸的密码子只有一种D．tRNA上结合氨基酸的位点在反密码子外5．探究生长素类似物对扦插的枝条生根的影响实验中，下列说法不合理的是A．为摸索实验条件，正式实验前要做预实验B．低浓度溶液浸泡处理材料，要确保光照充分C．探究不同浓度药液影响时，处理时间要一致D．同一组实验所用植物材料，要保持相对一致6．果蝇的红眼基因(R)对白眼基因(r)为显性，它们位于x染色体上，Y上没有。

在遗传实验中，一只白眼雌果蝇(甲)与红眼雄果蝇(乙)交配后，产生的后代如下：670只红眼雌，658只1白眼雄，1只白眼雌。

对后代中出现白眼雌果蝇的解释不合理的是A．X R X r个体中的R基因突变成为rB．甲减数分裂产生了X r X r的卵细胞C．X R X r染色体中含R基因的片段缺失D．乙减数分裂过程中发生了交叉互换7．下列叙述正确的是A．很多鲜花和水果的香味来自于酯B．甲烷和苯都可通过石油分馏得到C．糖类和油脂在一定条件下均能水解D．棉花和蚕丝的主要成分是纤维素8．A N为阿伏伽德罗常数的值，下列说法正确的是A．1mol SiO2晶体中，含有Si-O的键的数目为A N2B．16.8g铁粉与足量高温水蒸气反应，转移电子数目为A N0.8C．1mol·L-1AlCl3溶液中，含有的Cl-的数目为A N3D．18g D2O和H2O的混合物中，含有的中子数为A N99．下列实验中，对应的现象以及结论都正确且两者具有因果关系的是选项实验现象结论A向浓HNO3中加入炭粉并加热，产生的气体通入少量澄清石灰水中有红棕色气体产生，石灰水变浑浊有NO2和CO2产生B向酸性KMnO4溶液中滴加乙醇溶液褪色乙醇具有还原性C向溴水中加入苯，充分振荡、静置水层几乎无色苯与溴发生了反应D向FeCl3和BaCl2混合溶液中通入足量SO2溶液变为浅绿色且有白色沉淀生成Fe3+被还原成Fe2+，白色沉淀为BaSO310．短周期主族元素W、X、Y、Z的原子序数依次递增。

2019年深圳市高三年级第一次调研考试英语试题第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

AFrances Stevens Reese Wooldland Trail GuideThe Woodland Trail was opened to the public on October 21, 1997. Boscobel’s Board of Directors adopted a formal decision of naming the Woodland Trail in honor of former Boscobel board member, Fances Stevens Reese (1917-2003), one year after his death.The trail(小径) is approximately 10 miles in length, leading down to Constitution Forest. When the West Point Glass Factory was operating during the Civil War, trees for miles around were cleared to provide firewood. Walking out of the forest, you will find a large mass of native hard rock about three billion years old.Throughout this country path, you will find picture boards identifying birds and plants local to this region. You will also find signs with historic and environmental information written by area specialists.When you take a walk through this “undiscovered” forest land, please be a consider ate guest.Before walking the trail, please purchase a pass in the Carriage House. Plan ahead, so you will be back by closing time.Follow the trail markers and remain on the trail. Besides protecting the fragile forest ecosystem, you will reduce the risk of poison plants and snakes.Leave rocks, plants, animals and art works where you see them so that the person behind you can have the same experience.Carry out whatever you carry in because there are no rubbish containers on the trail. If you happen to see a piece of litter, be a good guest and pick it up.1. When was the trail named to honor Frances Stevens Reese?A. In 1997.B. In 1917C. In 2003D. In 20042. What can you see along the trail?A. An old battle field.B. A glass factory.C. Information signs.D. Rock houses.3. What should you do as a thoughtful visitor?A. Leave the wildlife undisturbed.B. Throw the rubbish into the dustbins.C. Make reservations in the Carriage House.D. Protect the markers of the Woodland Trail.BKevin, diagnosed with Dyslexia(读写困难症), rarely spoke a word in class, and if he did, it would be a “ Yes,” “No,” or “Maybe,” in response to questions. He always scored badly in tests and saw no hope for the future. That was until he met Sarah, an advisor at a youth centre Kidpreneur.In 2012, Kevin attended a course called Ready Set Go in that centre. The course was for disadvantaged kids in Kingswood – a low –income area in Sydney’s western suburbs – and its goal was to teach the kids how to create businesses and offer value to the neighborhood.At the end of the course, Sarah took the kids to the local area. She asked volunteers to share their business experiences – Kevin immediately put up his hand. His challenge was to trade his hot – dog selling service for free bread at a bakery. Although scared, Kevin was able to share his entrepreneur(创业) story with the shop owner and asked if he could exchange his service for some bread. Unexpectedly, the shop owner told Kevin how moved he was by his story and handed him some bread for free. By the end of the afternoon, his belief in himself and what was possible was at an all- time high.The following week, Kevin sold 70 hot – dogs in two hours and made over $200. Soon after, he delivered public speeches in 20 schools, and was selected as part of his school’s leadership team. Now he heads a business group working on how to increase potential customer base.All of his would not have been possible if Kevin had not found his passion and perseverance to improve himself,and those around him. The guidance and trust of his advisor also helped to kindle his enthusiasm to go after his goals and dreams in life.4. What were the kids expected to achieve in the Ready Set Go course?A. To improve their test scores.B. To create a hot- dog business.C. To teach in low-income areas.D. To be beneficial to the local area.5. How did Kevin feel after visiting the local bakery?A. ScaredB. ConfidentC. Touched.D. Grateful.6. What does the underlined word “ kindle” probably mean?A. InspireB. Share.C. Continue.D. Express.7. Which can be a suitable title for the text?A. On the Road to RecoveryB. Turning Failure into Success.C. Growing Wealthy through Hard Work.D. From Hopeless Youth to Business LeaderCA woman held her phone tightly to her heart the way a church-goer might hold a Bible. She was anxious to take a picture of an impressive bunch of flowers that sat not so far away, but first she had to get through a crowd of others pushing their way to do the same. The cause of this was Bouquets to Art, one of the most popular events at the de Young Museum in San Francisco.Flower sellers were asked to create flower arrangements that respond to pieces of art on display, from ancient carvings to contemporary sculptures. It’s extremely attractive and also memorable, to the point that it has become a problem.In recent years, the de Young received more than a thousand complaints from people who felt that cell phones had spoiled their experience of the exhibit. institutions of fine art around the world face similar problems as the desire to take photographs becomes a huge attraction for museums, as well as something that upsets some of their patrons (资助人). So the de Young responded with a kind of compromise: carving out "photo free" hours during the exhibition’s six-day run.One common complaint about the effect of social media on museum culture is that people seem to be missing out on experiences because they are so busy collecting evidence of them. A study recently published in the journal Psychological Science suggests there is some truth to this. It finds that people who keep taking photos of an exhibit and posting them on social media rather than simply observing it, have; a hard time remembering what they see. But the issue is complex for the professionals running museums. Linda Butler, the de Young’s head of marketing and visitor experience, acknowledges that not everyonewants a museum to be "a photo-taking playland. " Yet a lot of people do‑ and she believes that the de Young is in no position to judge one reason for buying a $28 ticket to be more valid than another. "If we removed social media and photography," she says, "we would risk becoming irrelevant. "8. What was the woman eager to do according to Paragraph 1?A. To get her phone.B. To take a photo.C. To escape the crowd.D. To push ahead.9. How did the de Young respond to the dilemma?A. By setting periods without photo-taking.B. By making the exhibition free of charge.C. By compromising with the government.D. By extending the free exhibition hours.10. The recent study finds that the use of social media in museums may .A. uncover the truthB. play a negative roleC. accumulate evidenceD. cause many complaints11. Which of the following may Linda Butler support?A. Catering to visitors.B. Reducing admission prices.C. Reserving judgement in public.D. Banning social media and photography.DMost autonomous vehicles test-driving in cities navigate (导航) by using 3-D maps marking every edge of roadside with almost centimeter-level accuracy. But few places have been mapped in such detail, which has left most areas like smaller towns inaccessible to those driverless cars.Researchers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) now have developed a new navigation system that guides autonomous vehicles without such accurate maps. This technology can help driverless cars travel almost anywhere.The navigation system maps out a course down unfamiliar roads much as a human driver would by continually scanning its surroundings, with a laser sensor (激光感应器), to measure how close it is to the edges of the road. Meanwhile, the car also follows a tool like a smart phone map app that provides directions to its destination, as well as information about the rules of the road, such as speed limits and the positions of stoplights. Teddy Ort, a roboticist at MIT, test-drove a car equipped with this navigation system on a one-way road. It slowly traveled one kilometer without any human assistance.This system assumes that a car has a clear path down the road, but it can be paired with other existing computing technology to discover in-road obstacles (障碍), says Ort. The researchers also plan to build a version of this system which can spot markings painted on streets, so that the car can drive on two-way roads. "Self-driving cars with this navigation system may need other sensors to work in different conditions,” Alexander Wyglinski, and electrical engineer at Worcester Polytechnic Institute. "Since laser sensors don’t work well in rain or snow, these cars might need additional imaging technologies to drive safely in bad weather. "12. What may be a problem for most driverless cars?A. They fail in test-driving.B. Their maps are out-dated.C. They run in limited areas.D. Their guides are unreliable.13. What can we infer about the MIT navigation system?A. It includes accurate maps.B. It removes in-road obstacles.C. It works by detecting the road.D. It features a smart phone app.14. What is the purpose of Paragraph 4?A. To confirm the test-drive results.B. To indicate further research areas.C. To recognize scientists’ achievements.D. To show the creativity of driverless cars.15. What is the main idea of the text?A. Autonomous cars beat human drivers on country roads.B. Navigating self-driving cars may work in different conditions.C. Smart mapping technology adds to the functions of self-driving cars.D. A new navigation system helps autonomous cars drive remote roads.第二节（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

深圳市2019高三年级第一次调研考试AFrances Stevens Reese Woodland Trail GuideThe Woodland Trail was opened to the public on October 21. 1997. Boscobel's Board ofDirectors adopted a formal decision of naming the Woodland Trail in honor of former Boscobelboard member, Frances Stevens Reese(1917-2003), one year after his death.The trail（小径）is approximately10miles in length, leading down to Constitution Forest.When the West Point Glass Factory was operating during the Civil War, trees for miles around were cleared to provide firewood. Walking outof the forest, you will find a large mass of nativehard rock about three billion years old.Throughout this country path, you will find picture boards identifying birds and plants localto this region. You will also find signs with historic and environmental information written byarea specialists.When you take a walk through this "undiscovered"forest land, please be a considerateguest.●Before walking the trail, please purchase a pass in the Carriage House. Plan ahead, soyou will be back by closing time●Follow the t rail markers and remain on the trail. Besides protecting the fragile forestecosystem,you will reduce the risk of poison plants and snakes.●Lea verocks, plants, animals and art works where you see them so that the personbehind you can have the same experience.●Carry out whatever you carry in because there are no rubbish containers on the trail. If you happen to see a piece of litter, be a good guest and pick itup.21. When was the trail named to honor Frances Stevens Reese?A. In 1997.B. In 1917.C. In 2003. B. In 2004.22. Whatcan you see along the trail?A. An old battle field.B. A glass factory.C. Information signs.D. Rock houses.23. What should you do as a thoughtful visitor?A. Leave the wildlife undisturbed.B. Throw the rubbish into the dustbins.C. Make reservations in the Carriage House.D. Protect the markers of the Woodland TrailKevin, diagnosed with Dyslexia (读写困难症), rarely spoke a word in class, and if he did,it would be a "Yes,"“No," or“Maybe," in response to questions. He always scored badly in testsand saw no hope for the future. That was until he met Sarah, an advisor at a youth center Kidpreneur.In 2012, Kevin attended a course called Ready Set Go in that center. The course was for disadvantaged kids in Kingswood - a low-income area in Sydney's western suburbs--and itsgoal was to teach the kids how to create businesses and offer value to the neighborhood.At the end of the course, Sarah took the kids to the local area. She asked volunteers to sharetheir business experiences--Kevin immediately put up his hand. His challenge was to trade hishot-dog selling service for free bread at a bakery. Although scared, Kevin was able to share hisentrepreneur (创业) story with the shop owner and asked if he could exchange his service for some bread. Unexpectedly, the shop owner told Kevin how moved he was by his story andhanded him some bread for free. By the end of the afternoon, his belief in himself and what waspossible was at an all-time high.The following week, Kevin sold 70 hot-dogs in two hours and made over $200. Soon after,he delivered public speeches in 20 schools, and was selected as part of his school's leadershipteam. Now he heads a business group working on how to increase potential customer base.All of this would not have been possible if Kevin had not found his passion andperseverance to improve himself, and those around him. The guidance and trust of his advisoralso helped to kindle his enthusiasm to go after his goals and dreams in life.24. Whatwere the kids expected to achieve in the Ready Set Go course?A. To improve their test scores.B. To create a hot-dog business.C. To teach in low-income areas.D. To be beneficial to the local area.25. How did Kevin feel after visiting the local bakery?A. Scared.B. Confident.C. Touched.D. Grateful.26. What does the underlined word "kindle" probably mean?A.Inspire.B. Share.C. Continue.D. Express.27. Which can be a suitable title for the text?A. On the Road to RecoveryB. Turning Failure into SuccessC. Growing Wealthy through Hard WorkD. From Hopeless Youth to Business LeaderA woman held her phone tightly to her heart the way a church- goer might hold a Bible. She was anxious to take a picture of an impressive bunch of flowers that sat not so far away, but firstshe had to get through a crowd of others pushing their way to do the same. The cause of this wasBouquets to Art, one of the most popular events at the de Young Museum in San Francisco.Flower sellers were asked to create flower arrangements that respond to pieces of art on display, from ancient carvings to contemporary sculptures. It's extremely attractive and also memorable,to the point that it has become a problem.In recent years, the de Young received more than a thousand complaints from people whofelt that cell phones had spoiled their experience of the exhibit. Institutions of fine art around theworld face similar problems as the desire to take photographs becomes a huge attraction for museums, as well as something that upsets some of their patrons (资助人). So the de Youngresponded with a kind of compromise: carving out "photo free" hours during the exhibition'ssix-day run.One common complaint about the effect of social media on museum culture is that peopleseem to be missing out on experiences because they are so busy collecting evidence of them. Astudy recently published in the journal Psychological Science suggests there is some truth to this.It finds that people who keep taking photos of an exhibit and posting them on social media rather than simply observingit havea hard time remembering what they see. But the issue is complexfor the professionals running museums. Linda Butler, the de Young's head of marketing andvisitor experience, acknowledges that not everyone wants a museum to be “a photo-taking playland." Yet a lot of people do, and she believes that the de Young is in no position to judgeone reason for buying a$8 ticket to be more valid than another. “If we removed social mediaand photography," she says, "we would risk becoming irrelevant."28. What was the woman eager to do according to Paragraph 1?A. To get her phone.B. To take a photo.C. To escape the crowd.D. To push ahead.29. How did the de Young respond to the dilemma?A. By setting periods without photo-taking.B. By making the exhibition free of charge.C. By compromising with the government.D. By extending the free exhibition hours.30. The recent study finds that the use of social media in museums may_A. uncover the truthB. play a negative roleC. accumulate evidenceD. cause many complaints31. Which of the following may Linda Butler support?A. Catering to visitors.B. Reducing admission prices.C. Reserving judgement in public.B Banning social media and photography.Most autonomous vehicles test-driving in cities navigate (导航) by using 3-D mapsmarking every edge of roadside with almost centimeter-level accuracy. But few places have beenmapped in such detail, which has left most areas like smaller towns inaccessible to thosedriverless cars.Researchers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) now have developed a newnavigation system that guides autonomous vehicles without such accurate maps. This technology can help driverless cars travel almost anywhere.The navigation system maps out a course down unfamiliar roads much as a human driverwould by continually scanning its surroundings, with a laser sensor (激光感应器), to measure how close it isto the edges of the road. Meanwhile, the car also flows a tool like a smart phonemap app that provides directions to its destination,as well as information about the rules oftheroad, such as speed limits and the positions of stoplights. Teddy Ort, a roboticist at MIT, test-drove a car equipped with this navigation system on a one-way road. It slowly traveled one kilometer without any human assistance.This system assumes that a car has a clear path down the road, but it can be paired with other existingcomputing technology to discover in-road obstacles (障碍), says Ort. Theresearchers also plan to build a version of this system which can spot markings painted on streets, so that the car can drive on two-way roads."Self-driving cars with this navigation system may need other sensors to work in different conditions,” says Alexander Wyglinski, an electrical engineer at Worcester Polytechnic Institute. “Since laser sensors don't work well in rain or snow,these cars might need additional imaging technologies to drive safely in bad weather."32. What may be a problem for most driverless cars?A. They fail in test-driving.B. Their maps are outdated.C. They run in limited areas.D. Their guides are unreliable.33. What can we infer about the MIT navigation system?A. It includes accurate maps.B. It removes in-road obstacles.C. It works by detecting the road.D. It features a smart phone app.34. What is the purpose of Paragraph 4?A. To confirm the test drive results.B. To indicate further research areas.C. To recognize scientists' achievements.D. To show the creativity of driverless cars.35. What is the main idea of the text?A. Autonomous cars beat human drivers on country roads.B. Navigating self-driving cars may work in different conditions.C Smart mapping technology adds to the functions of self-driving cars.D. A new navigation system helps autonomous cars drive remote roads.第二节(共5小题:每小题2分，满分10分)How to Tell a Great StoryIn this information age, business lea ders won't be heard unless they’re telling stories. Factsand figures don't stick in our minds at all. But stories create "sticky" memories by attachingemotions to things that happen.__36__ Here is how to use story-telling to your benefit.Start with a messageEvery storytelling exercise should begin by asking: Who is my audience and what is themessage I want to share with them? ___ 37___ For instance, if you are trying to convince seniorleaders to take a risk by supporting your project, you can tell them that most companies are builton taking smart chances.__38__The best story-tellers look to their own life details and memories for ways to draw attentionto their message. There may be a tendency not to want to share personal events at work, butexperiences that indicate how they overcome their struggle are what make leadersappearauthentic.Keep it simpleSomeof the most successful andmemorable stories are relatively simple and straightforward. Don’t tell your audience what shoes you were wearing if it doesn’t better thestory. __39__ ,such as your feelings and the humblebeginning of a now great company. They can attract your listeners and get your main message across.Don't make yourself the heroYou can be a central figure in a story, but the final focus should be on people you know, lessons you've learned, or events you’ve witnessed. When you talk about how greatyou are, theaudience shuts down. __40__A. Show good humorB. Provide vital detailsC. Use personal experiencesD. Each decision about your story should flow from those questionsE. Leaders always tell stories to persuade others to support a project or to face challengesF. The more you make yourself a star, the less likely your audience will buy your messageG.That means leaders who can create and share good stories gain a great advantage overothers第三部分英语知识运用 (共两节，满分45分) 第一节完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)My family is big on baseball. Grandpa __41__ coached his team to two national games.Father played for three different colleges and was __42__ asked to try out for the Los Angeles Angels, one of the top teams in the US. Minutes before I was born, my __43__ werewatching a live baseball match on TV. You could say I was __44__ to play the game, butfrankly, all through elementary school, I hated it.I spent most days of my summer at the baseball park in my neighborhood. I really shouldhave been __45__ at baseball, for I practiced almost every day, but I was not. I wouldn't hitthe ball hard or throw it __46__. When my dad or grandpa asked me if I wanted to __47__, my answer was always no. Finally they stopped giving me a __48__- just making me playwhether I liked it or not.This same old __49__ continued for years. My dad and grandpa would make mepractice and I would put no __50__ in, until around Grade 10. I was older and __51__ than my 12-year-old self. I finally __52__ their true motive: it wasn't because they wantedme to improve, but because they wanted to __53__ time with me. They were just trying toshare a __54__ part of their life with me and __55__ me in something that had been inthe family forever. __56__ I got this, I stopped treating it as work and __57__ as it a bonding experience.Now, I often __58__ to play baseball with my dad or grandpa. The __59__ practicesand tough love I got from my __60__ taught me a useful life lesson: find out whysomeonedoes something before jumping to conclusions.41. A. fairly B. successfully C. naturally D. accidentally42. A. still B. seldom C. even D. yet43.A. parents B. coaches C. doctors D. neighbors44. A. ordered B. prepared C. honored D. born45. A. amazed B. disappointed C. great D. mad46. A. casually B. accurately C. regularly D. clumsily47. A. practice B. relax C. leave D. quit48. A. reply B. reason C. chance D. choice49. A. project B. business C. routine D. policy50. A. effort B. wealth C. promise D. trust51. A. calmer B. smarter C. happier D. kinder52. A. searched for B. focused on C. benefited from D. figured out53. A. save B. waste C. spend D. set54. A. normal B. special C. short D. general55. A. include B. spoil C. test D. judge56. A. Before B. Although C. Unless D. Once57. A. expected B. described C. treasured D. recognized58. A. fail B. offer C. forget D. hesitate59. A. forced B. regretted C. disturbed D. ended60. A. team B. school C. neighborhood D. family第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

深圳市教育科学研究院 深圳市教育科学研究院深圳市2019年高三年级第一次调研考试英语参考答案及评分标准第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）21-25 DCADB 26-30 ADBAB 31-35 ACCBD 36-40 GDCBF第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分） 41-45 BCADC 46-50 BADCA 51-55 BDCBA 56-60 DCBAD第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）61. confusion 62. to translate 63. to 64. yearly 65. the 66. nodded67. is 68. discussions 69. having 70. who第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节 短文改错 （共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）I have a dream to be a doctor. Three years ago, I am badly injured in ∧ car accident. Thewas aambulance rushed me to the nearest hospital, that the doctors and nurses did their best to lookwhereafter myself. Five days late, I was getting better. I watched the doctors to perform their dutiesme latertirelessly but offer all their patients the best treatment available. My experience in that hospitaland great influenced me. Ever since then, I have made it my life’s ambition to fight against diseasesgreatlyand save life . I know my dream will come true if I keep work hard for it.lives working第二节 书面表达 （满分25分）One Possible VersionDear Peter,How are things with you?It was really a pleasure to have met you in the International Culture Festival held last week.Knowing you are so fond of Chinese calligraphy, I would like to send you a book about this abstractand high-level form of art, for it is an English edition.The book is entitled Appreciation of Chinese Calligraphy , including a fascinating collection ofmasterpieces. It not only presents a variety of calligraphy styles, but also provides beautifulillustrations, expert analyses and useful comments, since one’s handwriting is often viewed as areflection of his personality.Could you please leave me your address so that I can mail it to you soon? I hope you will likethe book and find it helpful.Looking forward to your reply.Yours,Li Hua。