播期对马铃薯产量的影响研究
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不同海拔和播期对川西南马铃薯品质的影响阮俊1,2,彭国照1,罗清1,李达忠3,陈远智4,黄斗敏3,胡巧娟4,阿尔木冲4 (1.中国气象局成都高原气象研究所,四川成都610071;2.四川省凉山州农业局,四川西昌615000;3.四川省冕宁县农业局,四川冕宁615600;4.四川省昭觉县农业局,四川昭觉616150)摘要 [目的]为马铃薯的优质高产提供科学依据。
[方法]在川西南地区进行马铃薯地理分期播种试验,研究马铃薯干物质、蛋白质、淀粉、还原糖、维生素C (Vc )含量随海拔、播期的变化特征。
[结果]马铃薯干物质、蛋白质、淀粉含量随海拔的变化呈现开口向上的抛物线特征,分别为185.56~239.78、52.0~59.6、122.18~169.72g/kg ,海拔2000~2200m 出现最低值;还原糖含量随海拔的变化特征与前者相反海拔2000~2200m 出现最大值;Vc 在海拔1800m 以下随海拔的升高而增加,但在1900m 以上几乎没有变化。
3月25日和4月8日播种的马铃薯干物质、蛋白质和淀粉含量高于3月18日、4月1日和4月15日播种的,其还原糖、维生素含量则低于该3个播期的。
[结论]高海拔马铃薯主产区生产的马铃薯可用于淀粉加工;在川西南山地,春马铃薯以2月下旬至3月中旬播种较为适宜。
关键词 马铃薯;海拔;播期;品质中图分类号 S532 文献标识码 A 文章编号 0517-6611(2009)05-01950-02E ffect of the Different A ltitudes and Sow ing Date on the Potato Q u ality in Southw estern Sichu anRUAN Jun et al (T he Chengdu Institute of Plateau M eteorology ,China M eteorological Adm inistration Bureau ,Chengdu ,S ichuan 610071)Abstract [Objective]T he scientific basis for high 2yielding and g ood 2quality potato production was provided.[M eth od]In the S outhwestern S ichuan the ex perim ent in potato s ow ing date at different geographical region was conducted and the change characteristics of the content of dry m atter ,protein ,starch ,reducing sugar and vitam in C (Vc )of potato w ith the variation of altitude and s ow ing date was studied.[Results]T he variation of the content of dry m at 2ter ,protein and starch of potato was the opening 2up parab olic characteristics w ith elevation change ,and their contents were 185.56-239.78,52.0-59.6and 122.18-169.72g/kg ,respectively and the m inimum value was tested in 2000-2200m ab ove sea level.T he change of the content of reducing sug 2ar was opposite to the form ers and the m aximum appeared in 2000-2200m ab ove sea level.T he content of Vc was increased w ith the increm ent of alti 2tude under 1800m ab ove sea level and there was variation in the content of Vc over 1900m.T he content of dry m atter ,protein and starch of potato s owed on M arch 25and A pril 8was higher than that on M arch 18,A pril 1and A pril 15,but the content of reducing sugar and Vc of potato s owed on M arch 25and A pril 8was lower than that on M arch 18,A pril 1and A pril 15.[C onclusion]high 2altitude potato m ain producing areas in the production of potato starch can be used for processing ;in the S outhwest m ountain and spring potato to late February to m id 2M arch planting m ore appropriate.K ey w ords P otato ;E levation ;S ow ing date ;Quality基金项目 中国气象局气象新技术推广项目(C M ATG 2007M25)资助。