2021-2022年高考英语语法专题讲练-代词和数词

专题02 代词数词介词一真题感悟1.(2021全国乙卷) Ecotourism has __________ (it) origin with the environmental movement of the 1970s.2.(2020全国卷Ⅰ)Data about the moon's composition, such as how much ice and other treasures it contains, could help China decide whether ________ (it) plans for a future lunar (月球的) base are practical.3.（2019.北京卷）I know I will whisper to ______(I) the two simple words “Be yourself”.4.（2018.全国卷III）When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad to find (they) alive.5.（2018.浙江卷）Many westerners that come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap can be to eat out.6.（2017.全国卷I）In the following summer holiday my eighteen birthday, I took driving lessons.7.（2021高考全国甲卷）It was built originally to protect the city _____ the Tang Dynasty and has now been completely restored.8.（2021高考全国乙卷）Minimize the impact of _____(visit) the place.9. (2020 高考全国卷I) The far side of the moon is of particular interest to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters(环形山)，more so____ the familiar near side.10.（2019.全国卷I）Modem methods ______ tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s.11.（2018.全国卷I）While running regularly can’t make you live forever, the review says it is more effective at lengthening life walking, cycling or swimming.12.(2017.全国卷Ⅱ) It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible crowds on the roads above as they travelled to and work.13.(2016.全国卷II) Most of us are more focused our tasks in the morning than we are later in the day.14 .(2016.全国卷II) So, get an early start and try to be as productive possible before lunch.15.(2016·全国卷I ) But my connection with pandas goes back ______ my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s二实战模拟1.For those who fly to Guilin, it’s only an hour away car and offers all the scenery of the better-known city.2.the same time, they warm up again for the night.3.For all you information, you don't have to go to library to find the relevant resource and take notes on it.4.There is a lot more material available, which means you may be overwhelmed the amount of information.5.Imagine you are a student and you share a flat ________another student who you think isn't doing her share of the housework.6.The other person will have more respect for you the future if you do that.7.The internet was designed to make ________ easier for people to access the information.8.I'd appreciate ________ if you would like to teach me how to use this computer.9.To earn respect, we should devote__________（us）to study and achieve high grades.10.The Qing Dynasty(AD1616-1911) had twelve emperors, nine of _____ buried in the two groups of tombs in Heibei Province.11.So angry was he that he couldn't speak even a word, but stared _______ her.12.The weight-loss pills that Amy took had side effects _______ her health and caused her liver to fail.13. The boy didn’t want the pictures to remind him ___ the suffering he experienced.14. There is no such thing ______ failure. Failure is just life trying to move us in another direction.15. In recent years, stress has been regarded ____ a cause of a whole range of medical problems, from high blood pressure to mental illness.16.______ time, when the population grew, people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly.17. In India, for example, most people traditionally eat their hands.18.However, he later finds out that his father was a wizard, and that his mother was a witch, both of ________ （they）murdered by an evil wizard.19.If you want to go to the party with me, you should behave (you) well.20.Generation after generation, our forefathers worked hard and created a splendid culture on this land of _________________(us).21.No matter when I go to a post office and no matter where the post office is, I always find________ (me) standing in a line behind someone who has a lot of business to do.22.Can you make sense ________ what this writer is saying?23.I’d appreciate it if you could make helpful comments ________ my work.24.The subject of the talk is announced a week ________ advance.25.It suddenly occurred ________ him that he should adopt the homeless child.26.Nobody knew why he was often heavily _________________debt.27.I'm writing to offer my congratulations to you ________ winning the gold medal.28.On my recent visit, I help a lively three-month-old twin that had been rejected by ______ (it) mother.29.This has set a good example _______her son , who is a really lucky guy.30.________ a puzzled look on my face, I pointed to myself and said, “Me？”三语法填空组合练A B CA体裁:新闻报道主题语境:人与社会--“云毕业”A recent survey found that 88.6 percent of new Chinese college graduates celebrated their graduation ___1___ digital form because of the COVID-19 epidemic.The graduates___2___(survey) mainly celebrated their graduation by making graduation ___3___(video), watching graduation ceremonies and buying academic dresses(学位服)online, according to a report ___4___was carried by China Youth Daily.“This year's graduation was a special and 5(forget) experience for me. " Zhang Hanqi, a graduate in Beijing,’___6___ (interview) by the newspaper last week.“___7___I couldn't say goodbye to my teachers and classma tes in person, and was unable to take ___8___final tour of the campus as a youth student, this feeling of regret gave me a greater appreciation for campus life and engraved these memories deep in my heart."Around 64.5 percent of the respondents think this year's graduation is of special significance , and 68 percent of them say they know ___9___ to better cherish the people around them as a result.In order to reduce the risk of infection, since June, colleges across the country ___10___(adopt)an un precedented (没有先例的) form of graduation as scheduled. Shu Man, a researcher with East China Jiaotong University told China Youth Daily.1.________2.________3. ________4.________5.________6.________ 7_________ 8_________ 9_________ 10.________B体裁: 记叙文主题语境: 人与社会---“麦小登”My name is Wang Xiaonan,and my online name is Mai Xiaodeng.I am ___1___short video creator, with more than 2 million___2___ (follow). They like to call me "tractor girl". I live with my fa her and keep a record of our life. I ___3___(study) journalism in university. I stayed in Zhengzhou, Central China's Hen an Province after graduation. As my father's health has not been very well since August 2019, I quit my job and went back home ___4 ___(take) good care of him.I happened to see videos about life in rural areas on the Internet, and I thought I could give a try.My videos are ___5___(main) about the life of me and my father. Besides that, I also tell special things here, such as countryside scenery, our cuisine and culture to show people ____6 ___the countryside is like.My father used to be very quiet, but now he'd like to shoot some short videos___7___ (he). I think he___ 8___(become) much more positive to life and turned from a traditional father to someone___9___ is more modern and fun. Now I can accompany my father, take better care of him to help him recover while enjoying what I'm doing. Though I don't know what will happen in the future, as of now, I think I have it both ways I am at my ___10 ___(good).1.________2.________3. ________4.________5.________7.________ 7_________ 8_________ 9_________ 10.________C体裁:说明文主题语境:人与社会--书法文化Chinese calligraphy(书法)is a traditional form of writing characters from the Chine language through the use of ink and a brush. It___1___ (root) in China all the way through centuries of practice.Chinese calligraphy is an art of___2___ (turn) Chinese characters into images through pressure and speed variations the pointed Chinese brush.It ___3___(stress) the expression of emotions while being a mental exercise to an artist ___4___ coordinates the body and the mind to select the best styling for the presentation of the passage content.In English,“calligraphy”literally means“beautiful writing."It is a ___5___(write) form that unites the language spoken in China. It is seen ___6___the walls of offices, shops, hotels, and houses everywhere.Chinese calligraphy is one of the many art__7___ (form) that cross borders and cultures. Picasso,the world-far master of art, once ___8___(express),“Had I been born in China, I would have been a calligrapher, not a painter.”Today,this powerfully graphic art is still celebrated as___9___outward expression o the artist's inner psychology. It’s rhythm, movement and flow is ___10___(access) to anyone who views it, not only to those of us who can read characters.1.________2.________3. ________4.________5.________8.________ 7_________ 8_________ 9_________ 10.________四完形填空组合练 A B CAI remember the first day when I saw Sally playing basketball. I watched in wonder as she struggled her way through the crowd of boys on the playground. She seemed so 1，but she managed to shoot jump shots just over their heads and into the net. The boys always tried to stopher 2nobody could.I began to notice Sally at other times, basketball in hand, playing 3. She practiced dribbling (运球) and 4over and over.One day I asked Sally why she 5so much. Without a moment of hesitation she said, “I want to go to college. The only way I can go is to get a 6. I'm going to play college basketball and I want to be the best one. I believe that if I am 7enough, I will get one. My father has told me that if the dream is big enough, the facts don't 8.”I 9her through those junior high years and into high school. Every week, she led her team to 10. One day in her senior year, I saw her sitting on the grass, her head 11in her arms. Slowly and quietly, I 12and sat down beside her. “What's wrong？” I asked. “Oh, nothing，” came a soft reply. “I am just too short.” The 13told her that at 165 cm she would probably never play for a top team—still less she would be 14 a scholarship—so she should stop dreaming about college.I felt she was extremely 15. I asked her if she had talked to her dad about it yet. She told me that her father said those coaches were 16. They didn't understand the 17of a dream.The next year, Sally was seen by a college basketball coach after a big game. She was 18 offered a scholarship and 19to the college team. She was going to get the college education that she had 20and worked toward for all those years.It's true: if the dream is big enough, the facts don't count.1．A.silent B．small C．strong D．huge2．A.but B．and C．so D．for3．A.still B．again C．well D．alone4．A.passing B．running C．shooting D．struggling5．A.studied B．practiced C．expected D．improved6．A.title B．prize C．scholarship D．Reward7．A.good B．brave C．careful D．active8．ck B．talk C．appear D．count9．A.encouraged B．respected C．watched D．helped10．A.victory B．confidence C．responsibility D．profession11．A.dropped B．buried C．covered D．sunk12．A.walked off B．walked out C．walked around D．walked up13．A.coach B．teacher C．captain D．leader14．A.suggested B．sent C．promised D．offered15．A.worried B．excited C．disappointed D．surprised16．A.great B．wrong C．strict D．cruel17．A.pressure B．value C．cause D．power18．A.exactly B．naturally C．really D．normally19．A.taken B．admitted C．introduced D．appointed20．A.dreamed of B．picked up C．benefited from D．carried outBWildlife has been greatly threatened in the modern age. There are species (物种) that are 1 every day. The white-naped crane is a typical example. So scientists are trying their best to 2 the species from going out of existence.Chris and Tim work at a zoo, helping endangered cranes with their 3 . Emma, a female crane, has been in their 4 since she arrived in 2004.Born at an international crane foundation, Emma was 5 by human caretakers. This led to an unexpected 6 ，though she had a wonderful time there. Emma had 7 taken herself as a crane and become deeply attached to humans. She 8 to live with male cranes, and even had a 9 for killing some of them, which made it 10 for her to become a mother.11 ，the two zookeepers didn't want to see the extinction (灭绝) of this precious species. With their patience and efforts, they successfully developed a 12 of artificial breeding (人工繁殖) and natural reproduction. This 13 Emma to give birth to five baby cranes.The two keepers are proud of their productive work. But before they can be 14 ，more efforts must be made, because the population of the crane in the wild is on the 15 ，and many other species appear headed toward extinction. 16 ，not everyone has realized that wildlife has thoughts, feelings, and most importantly, equal rights to survive.How can we 17 _ the ever-widening gap that separates us from other animals? Chris and Tim offered us the 18 ：human beings took it for granted that their 19 _ held all the solutions, but maybe their hearts can be a better 20 .1．A.growing B．migrating C．competing D．disappearing2．A.ban B．save C．split D．remove 3．A.abortion B．recreation C．reproduction D．administration4．A.care B．eye C．mind D．story 5．A.found B．chosen C．raised D．seized 6．A.bonus B．consequence C．victory D．sacrifice 7．A.never B．always C．unluckily D．cheerfully 8．A.liked B．refused C．decided D．hesitated9．A.gift B．skill C．concern D．reputation10．A.illegal B．inspiring C．importantD．impossible11．A.Therefore B．Moreover C．However D．Instead 12．bination B．collection C．strategyD．system13．A.forced B．forbade C．taughtD．enabled14．A.defeated B．grateful C．assured D．tolerant 15．A.list B．rise C．agenda D．decline 16．A.In contrast B．After all C．By the way D．On the contrary17．A.leave B．bridge C．open D．identify 18．A.course B．excuse C．answer D．reward 19．A.brains B．behaviors C．services D．projects 20．A.guide B．treat C．example D．companionCSteve was a seventh grader, a big boy, looking more like a teenager than a 12-year-old. Yet, he went unnoticed—he had been __1__ every examination since first grade—until Miss Wilma.In the middle of the first semester of school, the entire seventh grade was __2__ for basic skills.“You all did pretty well，” Miss Wilma told the class after going ove r the __3__，“except for one boy. And it __4__ my heart to tell you this, but ...” she __5__，“the smartest boy in the seventh grade is failing my class.” Steve __6__ his eyes and carefully examined his fingertips.After that, Steve still wouldn't do his homework. Even if Miss Wilma __7__ punished him, he remained __8__.“Steve, please! I care about you！”__9__，Steve got it! “Someone CARES ABOUT ME？！”One Monday a couple of weeks later, Miss Wilma gave a __10__ on the weekend homework. Steve __11__ through the test and was the first to hand in his paper. With a look of __12__，Miss Wilma took his paper and began to look it over.Miss Wilma's face was in __13__ shock! She glanced up at Steve, then __14__，then up. The smartest boy in the seventh grade had just passed his first test!From that moment, nothing was the same for Steve. He discovered that not only could he remember and understand __15__，but he could translate what he learned into his life. He became __16__.After high school, Steve enlisted in the Navy, and he had a(n) __17__ military career. During his naval years, he inspired many young people who might not have __18__ themselves without him.A __19__ took place within the heart of a boy all because of one teacher, who __20__.1．A.missing B．failing C．passing D．skipping 2．A.tested B．classified C．separated D．reflected 3．A.questions B．effects C．lessons D．results4．A.fills B．presses C．breaks D．destroys 5．A.stopped B．hesitated C．interrupted D．shouted 6．A.dropped B．raised C．covered D．closed 7．A.strangely B．steadily C．severely D．secretly 8．A.helpless B．stubborn C．flexible D．clumsy 9．monly B．Unwillingly C．Particularly D．Suddenly 10．A.quiz B．chance C．speech D．presentation 11．A.slept B．looked C．lived D．hurried 12．A.disappointment B．surprise C．satisfaction D．encouragement13．A.adequate B．total C．precious D．absurd 14．A.down B．away C．out D．back15．A.homework B．grades C．knowledge D．subjects 16．A.talented B．lazy C．outstanding D．rough17．A.tiring B．ordinary C．hardworking D．successful 18．A.relied on B．looked after C．turned to D．believed in 19．petition B．choice C．change D．campaign 20．A.waited B．listened C．desired D．cared。

2021年高考英语一轮复习语法专题词类复习2讲含解析新人教版选修有提示词的词类复习：动词、非谓语动词、形容词和副词、名词、动词、非谓语动词在前面已经复习过这里不在细讲基础知识。

名词（1）考纲要求名词应掌握以下内容：分清名词的可数性与不可数性；可数名词有单复数，有些名词只有复数；物质名词、抽象名词不可数但可以具体量化使用；名词所有格和of格的语言现象；名词直接作定语；国家名词的正确使用；名词词义的区分和搭配；单位名词的搭配；名词前的修饰语so, as, quite等；time 及常考点。

（2）命题规律名词的“可数”与“不可数”是高考命题的热点之一。

名词的考查强调语言的情景化，重点考查在特定语境、真实语境中的准确辨析、选择和运用名词的能力。

名词短语的固定搭配及名词作定语也是高考命题的注意点。

另外，在熟练掌握名词的基本意义和用法的同时，要特别留意某些名词的基本意义之外的引申、拓展和熟词生义的用法。

xx年的高考将会继续保持稳定，命题形式会更加灵活、新颖。

试题类型一般是在单选选择题或完形填空中考查。

名词的考点归纳：(1)名词词义辨析: custom风俗习惯，habit个人习惯，tradition传统；scene场景，scenery自然风景（总称），view特定位置的景观，sight人文或历史景观；skill技能，ability能力，talent才华，strength优势，长处等等(2)抽象名词具体化：beauty美、美丽（不可数名词） a beauty美人、美丽的东西（可数名词）；experience 经验（不可数名词）an experience一次经历（可数名词）；surprise吃惊、惊奇（不可数名词） a surprise 令人吃惊的人或事（可数名词）；honor荣誉、信誉（不可数名词） an honor一种光荣的人或事（可数名词）；failure失败（不可数名词） a failure/failures失败的人或事（可数名词）等等。

专题二代词和数词一、代词在句子中代替名词或名词词组的词。

英语中的代词，按其意义、特征及在句中的作用分为人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、反身代词、相互代词、疑问代词、关系代词和不定代词八种。

1．人称代词还有主格和宾格之分，在句中作主语和宾语。

它有人称、数和格的变化。

I saw him in the street yesterday afternoon.2．物主代词是表示所有关系的代词，它有形容词性和名词性两种。

形容词性物主代词相当于形容词的性质，放在名词之前，在句中常作定语。

名词性物主代词相当于名词，后面不能使用名词，在句中作主语、宾语和表语。

Their school is twice as big as ours.3．反身代词是由第一人称、第二人称形容词性物主代词和第三人称代词宾格，后面加词尾self 或者selves构成。

反身代词与它所指代的名词或代词形成互指关系，在人称、性、数上保持一致。

反身代词在句中可用作动词宾语、介词宾语、表语和同位语。

Tom taught himself maths when he was 10 years old.4．指示代词是用来指示或标志人或事物的代词。

它们主要有：this, that, these, those。

指示代词所指的对象取决于谈话双方都熟悉的语境。

指示代词在句中可用作主语、宾语、表语、定语和状语。

This car is not mine. That one over there is mine.5．疑问代词是引导的疑问句为特殊疑问句。

一般放在疑问句的句首。

疑问代词有who，whom，whose，what，which。

其中who，whom，whose只能指人，what和which 可指人或物。

Which of the two boys is your younger brother?6．不定代词是不指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词。

不定代词有：some, any, no和every 以及这些词与－one, －body和－thing构成的复合词。

1．To known more about Japan's recent nuclear radiation leak，you can use the Internet orwatch CCTV news，or ________.A．both B．neitherC．some D．more答案 A [考查代词辨析。

根据use the Internet or watch CCTV news并结合语意可知，此处表示“也可以两者都选”，故用both。

]2．The agreement was made quickly as both sides were satisfied with the conditions of________.A．another B．othersC．the other D．either答案 C [句意：双方都对对方的条件感到满意的时候就立刻签下了合约。

根据both sides可知用the other指代两者中的另一个。

]3．—Which of these digital cameras do you like best?—________.They are both expensive and of little use.A．None B．NeitherC．Nothing D．No one答案 A [考生容易受答语中的both一词的误导而错选B。

解题的关键是best：只有在三者以上范围中才能用到最高级，因此问句语意为“这些数码相机中你最喜欢哪个？”结合答语中的内容可以判断出“我一个也不喜欢”。

]4．—How beautiful the dress looks________you！Don't you want________，Madam?—Please show we________.A．in；one；another B．on；it；anotherC．in；it；the other D．on；one；the other答案 B [句意：——你穿着这条裙子看起来多漂亮啊！女士，难道你不想买下它吗？——请再给我看一件。

2021年高考英语总复习实用精品学案 高考语法专题 代词 新人教版考纲新研读代词辨析是考查的重点。

类例： 1. none, neither, both, each 2. neither, some, all, both3. other’s, the other, another, other4. any other, the other, another, other5. something, anything, everything, nothing6. us, it, itself, ourselves7. both of them, either of them, none of them, neither of them 8. which, what, that, the one 9. none, no one, every one, some one 10. little, much, some, none1.人称代词：主格作主语，宾格作宾语、表语。

2.物主代词：3.反身代词：4.指示代词主要有:this, that, these, those, such, same,作主语、宾语、表语、 定语：that 和those 可代替前面提到的名词(特指)；泛指用one 和ones (可数)。

The cost of my car is higher than that of yours. These machines are better than those we made last year.themitherhimyouusme宾格theyitsheheyouweI主格theitshers his yours ours mine 名词性theits her his your our my 形容词性5.不定代词(是学习的重点)(1)both两者都……；either两者中哪个都……；neither两者中哪个都不……。

2021年高考英语一轮复习语法专题讲义北师大版2．(xx·全国卷Ⅲ) She has turned down several invitations (invitation) to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies.3．(xx·全国卷Ⅱ)Recent studies (study) show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks regularly.——规则点拨1．物质名词一般不用复数形式，但有些物质名词要用复数形式来表示不同的类别。

fishes各种鱼fruits各种水果steels各种钢材2．物质名词表示数量时，一般用表示数量的短语来表示。

a cup of tea一杯茶two pairs of trousers两条裤子four pieces of bread四片面包3．有些名词的单数和复数形式表示不同的含义。

work(工作)→works(著作)arm(手臂)→arms(军火)glass(玻璃)→glasses(眼镜)cloth(布)→clothes(衣服)4．有些名词既可用作可数名词又可用作不可数名词，但是意义不同。

room空间→a room一间房glass玻璃→a glass一个玻璃杯子chicken鸡肉→a chicken一只小鸡paper纸→a paper一张报纸5．有些名词形似单数，但实为复数，如police, people。

6．有些名词单复数同形。

如means，aircraft，deer，fish，Chinese，Japanese，sheep，works(工厂), cattle。

7．有些名词若被看作整体就用作单数，若被看作组成该集体的各个成员就用作复数。

class, family, couple, audience, government, public。

2021高考英语语法专项复习第11讲代词素材一.概念:代词是代替名词的词, 按其意义、特点及其在句中的作用分为：人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、反身代词、相互代词、疑问代词、不定代词和关系代词等。

二.相关知识点精讲1.人称代词1)人称代词的人称、数和格，如下表所示。

2)人称代词有主格和宾格之分。

通常主格作主语，宾格作宾语。

如：I like table tennis. （作主语）Do you know him?（作宾语）3)人称代词还可作表语。

作表语时用宾格。

如：---Whos is knocking at the door?---It’s me.4)人称代词在than之后与其他人或事物进行比较时，用主格和宾格都能够。

如：He is older than me.He is older than I am.2. 物主代词1)表示所有关系的代词叫物主代词。

物主代词分形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词，如下表所示。

2)形容词性物主代词的作用相当于形容词，可在句中作定语。

例如：Our teacher is coming to see us.This is her pencil-box.3)名词性物主代词的作用相当于名词，在句中可用作主语、宾语和表语。

Our school is here, and theirs is there.（作主语）--- Is this English-book yours? （作表语）--- No. Mine is in my bag.I've already finished my homework. Have you finished yours? （作宾语）3. 指示代词指示代词包括：this，that，these，those。

1) this和these一样用来指在时刻或空间上较近的事物或人，that和those则指时刻和空间上较远的事物或人，例如：This is a pen and that is a pencil．We are busy these days．In those days the workers had a hard time．2)有时that和those指前面讲到过的事物，this 和these则是指下面将要讲到的事物，例如：I had a cold. That's why I didn't come.What I want to say is this ; pronunciation is very important in learning English．3)有时为了幸免重复提到的名词，常可用that或those代替，例如：Television sets made in Beijing are just as good as those made in Shanghai．4)this 在用语中代表自己，that 则代表对方。

专题二代词和数词一、代词在句子中代替名词或名词词组的词。

英语中的代词，按其意义、特征及在句中的作用分为人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、反身代词、相互代词、疑问代词、关系代词和不定代词八种。

1．人称代词还有主格和宾格之分，在句中作主语和宾语。

它有人称、数和格的变化。

I saw him in the street yesterday afternoon.2．物主代词是表示所有关系的代词，它有形容词性和名词性两种。

形容词性物主代词相当于形容词的性质，放在名词之前，在句中常作定语。

名词性物主代词相当于名词，后面不能使用名词，在句中作主语、宾语和表语。

Their school is twice as big as ours.3．反身代词是由第一人称、第二人称形容词性物主代词和第三人称代词宾格，后面加词尾self 或者selves构成。

反身代词与它所指代的名词或代词形成互指关系，在人称、性、数上保持一致。

反身代词在句中可用作动词宾语、介词宾语、表语和同位语。

Tom taught himself maths when he was 10 years old.4．指示代词是用来指示或标志人或事物的代词。

它们主要有：this, that, these, those。

指示代词所指的对象取决于谈话双方都熟悉的语境。

指示代词在句中可用作主语、宾语、表语、定语和状语。

This car is not mine. That one over there is mine.5．疑问代词是引导的疑问句为特殊疑问句。

一般放在疑问句的句首。

疑问代词有who，whom，whose，what，which。

其中who，whom，whose只能指人，what和which 可指人或物。

Which of the two boys is your younger brother?6．不定代词是不指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词。

不定代词有：some, any, no和every 以及这些词与－one, －body和－thing构成的复合词。