2018版高考英语大一轮复习语法专题讲析专题三代词
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第1讲代词[全国卷考情分析][题组试做]单句语法填空1.(2019·安庆模拟) At the end of the Qing Dynasty, after closed China came under the influence from abroad, many old hutongs lost ________(they) former neat arrangement.their[考查代词。
根据空后的名词短语“former neat arrangement”可知,空处修饰该名词短语,作定语,故用形容词性物主代词。
]2.(2019·河南洛阳第一次统考)“As soon as he opens ________ (he) mouth and sings in Chinese, the Chinese are very surprised and they feel proud of him,” said his music teacher.his[考查代词。
根据语境mouth和主语he可知,此处应用形容词性物主代词his修饰名词mouth,在句中作定语。
]3.(2019·山东师大附中二模)At that moment an attractive young lady who noticed my book came up to me and introduced ________ (her).herself[句意:那时,一位迷人的年轻女士注意到了我的书,向我走来并作自我介绍。
设空处作宾语,该空处与主语an attractive young lady指同一人,故用反身代词herself。
] 4.(2019·重庆第一次调研)There are mainly 3 stone areas. One big area seems tobe deep and dark red.________ two areas seem almost yellow and green. It looks as if someone spilled(泼洒) many colors of paint over the huge areas.Another[考查限定词。
【命题解读】1.近五年代词的考查点集中在不定代词上,考查角度有两个:一是考查它们相互间的意义和功能差别,如:all, everything 和anything 等的意义差别,it, that 和one 不同的指代功能;二是它们之间语法牲的差异,如it (代词) 和which (关系代词) 的区别。
2.试题注重了情景干扰,注重了特定语言环境中上下文的联系,而且题干的语义结构越来越复杂,正确分析其结构、理解句意在解题中起着很重要的作用。
高考对代词的考查将继续沿着两条主线前进;加强语境的真实性和复杂性。
加强对语义较丰富、语法较复杂的不定代词的考查。
【命题预测】今后高考对代词的考查有所变化,主要考查it和人称代词的用法。
这一专题在语法填空和短文改错中重点考查在语境中运用正确的代词。
【名师指导】英语中代词的相关知识庞杂,代词在语言使用中又极力频繁,所以,代词的用法看似简单,其实不易。
建议考生认真对待代词,不可掉以轻心。
首先要从整体上把握代词的知识,如代词种类的划分,了解各类代词的一般用法。
更重要的是,根据上面所介绍的高考考查热点,更重点掌握几组易混词,尤其是不定代词间的用法区别。
解题规律如下:1. 明确指代在解答代词题目时,我们应首先分析前后文,明确代词所指代的对象,从而避免误判。
具体说来应从以下几方面考虑:(1)代词指代的对象是人还是物,与上文出现的人或物是同一个还是同一类;(2)代词指代的对象是可数名词还是不可数名词;(3)代词指代的是特指还是泛指概念。
2.理清逻辑需要通过分析上下文所蕴涵的逻辑关系才能做出正确判断。
具体说来应从以下方面去考虑:(1)代词指代的概念是表示两者之间还是三者或三者以上;(2) 代词表示的是全部否定还是部分否定。
一、 人称代词1. 人称代词的分类和数:2. 人称代词作主语时要用主格,作宾语时用宾格,作表语时常用宾格。
☞She ’s my classmate.☞I bought a present for him.【名师点睛】在强调句中人称代词的使用应该根据人称代词具体作什么成分而定。
专题03代词——精讲深剖语法填空1.(2018全国高考I卷)If you are time poor,you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports,so perhaps we should all give a try.【答案】 it【解析】考查代词。
give it a try为固定搭配,意为“试一试”,根据语境可知,it指代running,故可填it或running。
句意:如果你很难抽出时间,你只需要跑一半的时间就能得到和其他运动一样的好处,所以也许我们都应该试一试。
2.(2018全国高考III卷)When the gorillas and I frightened each other,I was just glad to find (they) alive.【答案】them【解析】考查代词。
这里用them指代上文的the gorillas。
句意:当大猩猩和我都吓了彼此一跳时,我很高兴能看见它们还活着。
3.(2017全国高II卷)However, the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months, more than 25,000 people were using every day.【答案】it【解析】考查代词。
use是及物动词,其后接宾语,此处很明显缺少代词。
分析句意可知,此处用it指代上文提到的the railway。
句意:然而,铁路很快被证明是一个巨大的成功,在6个月内,每天使用它的有25,000多人。
4.(2016全国高II卷)On my recent visit,I held a lively three-month-old twin that had been rejected by ____(it) mother.【答案】its【解析】考查代词。
话题词汇1.ceremony n.典礼;仪式;礼节2.cultural adj.文化的3.custom n.习惯;习俗4.tradition n.传统;风俗5.typical adj.典型的;有代表性的;特有的6.particular adj.特殊的;特别的7.culture shock文化冲击8.follow a custom遵循习俗9.make it a rule to do sth.做某事成为规定10.pass down from generation to generation一代一代传下来话题佳作每年6月的第三个星期日,很多人都会庆祝父亲节,请根据以下提示以“Father’s Day”为题,用英语写一篇网络日志(blog),介绍一下父亲节在中国的庆祝情况,并发表自己的观点和看法。
1.父亲节是一个表达爱和亲情的日子;2.为父亲准备一份礼物,给父亲选张贺卡,通个电话。
佳作欣赏Father’s DayToday’s Father’s Day.We all know that Father’s Day is a festival on which sons and daughters will show their love and respect to their father.On the third Sunday of June every year,children will choose a gift for their father no matter how busy they are.Then all the family members will get together to have a delicious dinner to celebrate Father’s Day.Some children,especially those who are working far away from home,may post a card with best wishes to their father.Sometimes,they can make a telephone call to send their best regards.In my opinion,in whatever way we celebrate it,our father will be pleased and very satisfiedwith it.I usually choose a card or a smart gift for my father,and my father will always be moved when I present it to him on that day.名师点睛本文能写明全部的提示要点,叙述客观准确,语言地道。
【最新】2018届高考英语语法精品教案:专题三代词部门: xxx时间: xxx制作人:xxx整理范文,仅供参考,勿作商业用途代词可以使语句简洁、干脆利落,因此也是高考的一个重要考点。
代词多出现在单项填空和阅读理解中。
从近几年的高考题来看,代词的考点主要集中在不定代词以及it的用法上。
命题点:(1>不同代词的语义功能和语法功能;(2>不同代词之间的意义区别。
一、代词的基本用法二、代词辨析1.some与any(1> some一般用于肯定句中,但在表示请求并希望对方能给予肯定回答时,可用于疑问句中;any一般用于否定、疑问句或条件句中,但当any强调“任何一……”时,用于肯定句中。
something,somebody,someone的用法同some;anything,anybody,anyone 的用法同any。
如:b5E2RGbCAP—Would you like to give me some if you have any?—Yes, I'd love to. You can come and get them any day you like. p1EanqFDPw(2> some “某一”,修饰可数名词单数,暗含不知道,不便说明等。
如:There must be some job you can do.2.none, nobody, no one与nothingnone既可指人又可指物,表示特指概念,其后可跟of所引导的一个范围,常回答how many和how much引导的疑问句;no one 和nobody只能指人,表示泛指概念,常回答who引导的疑问句,且不可与of短语搭配,nothing只能指物,表示泛指概念,常回答what引导的疑问句。
如:DXDiTa9E3d—Who is in the reading room?— No one/ Nobody.—How much petrol is left?— None.—What's in your hand?— Nothing.3.another与otheranother指三者或三者以上当中的另一个;the other指两者当中的另一个,也可接名词复数,特指其他某些人或物;other意思是“其他的”,不能单独使用,后面必须接名词,表泛指;others可指其他的人或东西,相当于other+名词复数;the others特指其他某些人或物,相当于the other+名词复数。
专题三代词考点一几组常见代词的辨析1.all,both,any,either,neither,none①[2015·四川]Niki is always full of ideas,but none is useful to my knowledge.Niki总是会有很多想法,但是就我所知没有一个想法是有用的。
②I've lived in New York and Chicago,but don't like either of them very much.我在纽约和芝加哥住过,但我不喜欢它们中的任何一个。
③[2017·湖南长沙模拟]—Would you like to go shopping with me on Saturday or Sunday?—I'm sorry.Neither will suit me.I'll be away on business during that period.——星期六或星期天陪我去购物好吗?——对不起。
那两天都不行。
我那段时间将正在出差。
④My brother would like to buy a good watch but none was available from that shop.我哥哥想买一块好手表,但是在那家店里没有一块合适的。
考点总结2.it,that,one,those①[2016·浙江]In many ways,the education system in the US is not very different from that in the UK.在很多方面,美国的教育体系和英国的教育体系很不一样。
②[2017·山东潍坊模拟]People living in colder regions are generally larger than those living in hotter ones.生活在寒冷地区的人通常比生活在炎热地区的身体高大些。
专题三 代词考点一 几组常见代词的辨析1.all,both,any,either,neither,none①[2015·四川]Niki is always full of ideas,but none is useful to my knowledge.Niki总是会有很多想法,但是就我所知没有一个想法是有用的。
②I've lived in New York and Chicago,but don't like either of them very much.我在纽约和芝加哥住过,但我不喜欢它们中的任何一个。
③[2017·湖南长沙模拟]—Would you like to go shopping with me on Saturday or Sunday?—I'm sorry.Neither will suit me.I'll be away on business during that period.——星期六或星期天陪我去购物好吗?——对不起。
那两天都不行。
我那段时间将正在出差。
④My brother would like to buy a good watch but none was available from that shop.我哥哥想买一块好手表,但是在那家店里没有一块合适的。
考点总结都任何都不两者both either neither三者或三者以all any none上2.it,that,one,those①[2016·浙江]In many ways,the education system in the US is not very different from that in the UK.在很多方面,美国的教育体系和英国的教育体系很不一样。
②[2017·山东潍坊模拟]People living in colder regions are generally larger than those living in hotter ones.生活在寒冷地区的人通常比生活在炎热地区的身体高大些。
③We have various summer camps for your holidays.You can choose one based on your own interests.我们为你们的假期准备了各种各样的夏令营,你们可以根据自己的兴趣选择一个。
④I like this house with a beautiful garden in front,but I don't have enough money to buy it.我喜欢这座前面有花园的房子,但是我没有足够的钱来买它。
考点总结it 特指前面提到过的同一个人或者物that 可以指代前面出现过的不可数名词或单数可数名词,指代单数可数名词相当于the one。
其复数形式为those,相当于the onesone 指代前面出现过的那类事物中的“一个”,其复数形式为ones those 指“the+名词复数(尤其是有后置定语时)”3.another,the other,other,others,the others①[2014·浙江]I sat on the edge of the street and watched enviously the other boys on the block play baseball.我坐在街道旁,羡慕地看着其他男孩在街上打棒球。
②[2015·陕西]To warm himself,the sailor sat in front of the fire rubbing one bare foot against the other.为了使自己暖和,那个水手坐在炉火前面赤着脚互相摩擦。
③[2017·山东沂水四中月考]The microblog has become another classroom for me,and the teachers are all big names in academia.微博已成为我的另一个课堂,这里的老师们都是学术界的大师级人物。
④You are a team star! Working with others is really your cup of tea.你是队里的明星!与别人一起工作的确是你的所爱。
考点总结other 不能单独使用,只能修饰名词,表示泛指意义the other 可单独使用,特指两个人或物中的“另一个”;也可修饰名词,表示“另外的……”another 可单独使用,也可修饰名词,泛指三者或三者以上的人或物中的“另一个”,代替或修饰单数可数名词。
另外another后可接“基数词/few+复数名词”形式,表示“另外的……(多少)”others 单独使用,表示泛指意义,意为“其他的人或事物”,常与some一起出现the others 意为“特定范围内剩余的那些”4.none,nothing,no one/nobody①[2015·重庆]The meeting will be held in September,but nobody knows the date for sure.会议将在9月份召开,但是没有人知道确切日期。
②[2017·福建福州高三二模]Most of my new classmates are kind,but none is so good to me as Lucy.我的大部分新同学都很善良,但没人像露茜那样对我好。
③—What have you been doing today?—Oh,nothing special,just hanging around.——今天你都干什么了?——哦,没有什么特别的,只是闲逛。
考点总结none 既指人也指物,后面可接of短语,一般用来回答how many,how much和which的提问nothing 只指事物,后面不能接of短语,用来回答what的提问no one/ 只指人不指物,其后不接of短语,一般回答who的提问nobody5.something,anything,everything,nothing①[2014·江苏]Good families are much to all their members,but everything to none.优秀的家庭对于他们的成员来说意义重大,却不代表一切。
②This project requires close teamwork.Nothing will be achieved unless we work well together.这个项目需要密切的团队合作,除非我们通力合作,否则将一事无成。
③[2017·浙江嘉兴高三教学测试]She found herself something of a hero when she returned from Australia Open in 2014.当从2014年澳大利亚网球公开赛归来时,她发现自己就像是一位英雄。
④—What do you think of the lecture?—Anything but interesting,but I've managed to survive it.——你认为讲座怎么样?——一点意思都没有,但是我还是坚持着听完了。
考点总结[名师点津]注意something的特殊含义:大致,……左右;有价值或重要的人或事物;anything but“根本不”。
考点二 it的用法①[2015·浙江]How would you like it if you were watching your favorite TV program and someone came into the room and just shut it off without asking you?如果你正在看你最喜欢的电视节目,而有人进入房间没有问你就把电视关上,你觉得怎样?②[2017·安徽皖北协作区高三联考]—A lovely day,isn't it?—Yes,I love it when the weather is like this.Why not go out for a walk?——天气不错,不是吗?——是的,我非常喜欢这样的天气,出去走走怎么样?③[2014·全国大纲]—Who's that at the door?—It is the milkman.——门口是谁?——是送奶工。
④When it comes to saving energy,big changes start with small steps,like turning off the lights.当提到节能的时候,大变化从细微的行动开始,比如随手关灯。
考点总结1.指代时间、距离、自然现象等。
2.指代前面所提到过的事情、事物、群体、想法,性别不明或性别被认为不重要的人或动物,也可指代未指明但谈话双方都明白的事情或情况。
3.作形式主语或形式宾语代指不定式、动词-ing形式、名词性从句。
4.表示“喜欢、恨”等心理方面的动词后面接it,构成固定结构,这类动词有enjoy,prefer,love,like,hate,dislike,appreciate等。
5.it的高频搭配When it comes to...当涉及……make it成功;确定时间为……(后接时间类名词)as it is 事实上;照原样get it 明白了◆代词与语法填空代词在语法填空中考查指示代词、不定代词以及it的用法时无提示词,而考查人称代词、物主代词与反身代词的词形变换常给出提示词。
[典题试做1]用适当的词或所给单词的适当形式填空1.[2016·全国Ⅰ]On my recent visit,I held a lively three-month-old twin that had been rejected by ________ (it) mother.2.[2016·四川]By that time,the panda no longer needed________ (it) mother for food.3.[2015·广东]Now it occurred to ________ that his farm had much potential and that the death of the cow was a bit of luck.答案:1.its 2.its 3.him[应对策略1]1.当句子缺主语或宾语时,填代词。