Step_2000_1_Key_完整版

KEY的制作方法
1、打开CD-ROM—进入tools—再进入init—双击打开NDVendorInit.exe（唐老鸭图标），
然后插入KEY，会自动初始化成功，本步骤是新的KEY的初始化
2、打开tools—ePassNDEdit.exe，输入：f
再输入 a
然后输入s 再输入：rockey 回车
输入c 再输入：使用KEY的人的用户名回车如：wangjie
以上每一步均显示成功方可
3、打开inittool.exe，选择[连接数据源]，打开连接数据源对话框，选择机器数据源点击[新建]——[下一步]
在弹出的对话框中选择[SQL Server]，
然后选[下一步]，选择[完成]，
[下一步] 输入数据源名称（英文）在输入OA服务器中数据库的用户名和密码，点[下一步]，勾选：[更改默认的数据库为]，在列表框中选择相应的数据库（公共库），然后选[下一步]，选择[完成]—点击[测试数据源]—显示成功，确定即可
4、点击[连接数据源]—输入用户名、密码
表列表：sys_user
条件字段：user_nameen
密钥字段：key_sn
ID字段：user_key
输入条件值：用户名
密钥：0000
选中后点击—初始epass—显示：初始成功。

Unit 5 Colorful Lands, Colorful People (II)Part I Warming upCountry Population1. China 1,243,738,0002. India 955,220,0003. the United States 267,901,0004. Indonesia 199,867,0005. Brazil 159,884,0006. Russian Federation 147,105,0007. Pakistan 138,150,0008. Japan 125,638,0009. Bangladesh 122,013'00010. Nigeria 118,369,00011. Mexico 96,400,00012. Germany 82,071,000Tapescript:1. The country with the largest population in the world is China. According to the 1997 census, the total population was 1,243,738,000.2. The second largest in population is India. It listed a population of 955,220,000 in 1997.3. And the third largest is the United States, with its estimated population of 267,901,000 in 1997.4. Which country is the fourth largest in population? It's Indonesia: About 199,867,000 people live there.5. Brazil ranks the fifth in its population. There the population was 159,884,000.6. Next comes the Russian Federation, with a population of 147,105,000.7. The seventh in line is Pakistan, with an estimated population of 138,150,000.8. Japan is the country with the eighth largest population. Its population estimated in 1997 reached 125,638,000.9. The next largest country in population is Bangladesh. The estimated population was 122,013,000 in 1997.10. Nigeria in Africa ranks the tenth in its population. There are about 118,369,000 people living there.11. The eleventh? Mexico. According to statistics, its population was 96,400,000 in 1997.12. And last, the twelfth largest is Germany. Its 1997 census showed it had a population of 82,071,000.B.Languages Speakers1. Chinese 1,300 million2. Spanish 332 million3. English 322 million4. Bengali 189 million5. Hindi 182 million6. Portuguese 170 million7. Russian 170 million8. Japanese 125 million9. German 98 million10. Javanese 75.5 million11. Korean 75 million12. French 72 million13. Vietnamese 67 million14. Telugu 66 million15. Marathi 64 million17. Turkish 59 million18. Urdu 58 million19. Gujarati 44 million20. Polish 44 million21. Arabic 42.5 million22. Ukrainian 41 millionTapescript:Do you know which languages are spoken by more than 40 million people?Chinese has the largest number of speakers, more than 1,300million. Next, Spanish is spoken by 332 million people. The next on the line is English, which has more than 322 million speakers. Number 4, Bengali is spoken by 189 million people. Next comes Hindi, the language spoken chiefly in India, which has 182 million speakers. Portuguese and Russian are next on the line and they are both spoken by 170 million people. Number 8, Japanese is spoken by 125 million. Next, German has 98 million speakers, while Javanese has 75.5 million. We have Korean on the list with 75 million, and it is followed by French, which is spoken by 72 million. Number 13, Vietnamese is spoken by 67 million and Telugu is spoken by 66 million. Next, we have Marathi on the list and it has 64 million speakers. Marathi is followed by Tamil, with 63 million speakers. Next comes Turkish, the language spoken in Turkey, and it has 59 million speakers. Number 18, Urdu is spoken by 58 million people. Gujarati has 44 million speakers, and Polish is also spoken by 44 million people. Number 21, which 42.5 million people speak, is Arabic and last, the number of people who speak Ukrainian is 41 million.Part II The world’s six billionth inhabitant1. Who is the world's six billionth inhabitant?A baby boy born in Bosnia-Herzegovina.2. What's the UN Secretary General's purpose in visiting the mother and the child?To draw attention to the social and ecological problems ofrapidly expanding populations.3. According to the UN population agency, how different arepeople's rives now from those in the past?People are riving longer and healthier lives than any generation inthe history.Tapescript:-- The boy will be sharing a birthday with a few hundred thousand people and in the next year, another eighty million will be joining him on the planet.-- The earth's population has doubled since 1960 and with more than a billion young people just entering their productive years.-- Demographers predict that by the middle of the new century, the global count will level off at something under ten billion.Tapescript:A baby boy born in Bosnia-Herzegovina overnight has officially been named the world's six billionth inhabitant.Although several other babies are likely to have been born at the same time elsewhere in the world, the United Nations had declared that the first child to be delivered at the Kosovo Hospital in Sarajevo today would symbolize the passing of the mark.The UN Secretary General is visiting the mother and her son as a UN attempt to draw attention to the social and ecological problems ofrapidly expanding populations.The boy who came into the world a short time ago in Bosnia to such international acclaim will be sharing a birthday with a few hundred thousand people and in the next year another eighty million will be joining him on the planet. The earth's population has doubled since 1960 and with more than a billion young people just entering their productive years. The population growth has plenty of momentum. But birth control programs are beginning to have an impact. Demographers predict that by the middle of the new century the global count will level off at something under ten billion. The UN population agency has presented today's achievement as a ~ for humanity, pointing out that people are living longer and healthier lives than any generation in the history.Part III The biggest cities in the worldA.In 1950 Position in top 10 Population New York 1 12 million London 2 10 million Calcutta 10 4 million Tokyo 3 6 millionIn 2000 Position in top 10Population New York 6 14 millionCalcutta 4 16 million Tokyo 3 18 millionB. The other seven cities in the top tm in 2000:1. Mexico City2. Sao Paulo3. Rio de Janeiro4. Bombay5. Delhi6. Shanghai7. SeoulTapescript:I -- Interviewer E -- ExpertI: In Britain we are often told that people are leaving the big cities to live in the countryside but is this the case worldwide?E: Not at all. If you look at the biggest cities in 1950, seven out of the top ten were in the developed countries but by the year 2000, the developing countries will have eight out of the top ten. New York, which in 1950 was number one with a population of around 12 million, will only be the sixth largest city in the world but with an extra 2 million.I: And London?E. London, which was number two, won't even be in the top ten. Its population in 1950, by the way, was about 10 million.I: And why is this happening? Why are people moving to the big cities from the country in developing countries?E: The reasons are complex but many are moving to look for work. Andthe problems this creates are enormous. It's estimated that 26 million people will be living in Mexico City by the year 2000, with Silo Paulo in Brazil not far behind.I. It's difficult to believe.E: I know. Rio de Janeiro will have a population of a mere 13 million. Well, just imagine the kinds of difficulties this is going to cause in terms of health, transport and education.I: Yes. What about the cities of Asia? Will they be experiencing a similar sort of growth?E. In some cases, yes. Calcutta in India which was No. 10 in the league in 1950 is expected to be the fourth biggest city in the world with a population of 16 million, quadrupling its size in just 50 years. Bombay and Delhi too are expected to be in the top ten.I: What about Japan?E: Ah! Well, Tokyo was number three in 1950 and that's where it'll be at the beginning of the next century, although its population will have trebled to about 18 million. Looking at the other major cities in Asia, Shanghai and Seoul will be in the top ten as well but, perhaps surprisingly, not Beijing or Hong Kong.I: Now, if we could turn our attention to home, what about the trend of people moving out of the cities ...。

（一）按键行列扫描与蜂鸣器（1）技术体会：在行列式扫描结构的薄膜按键里，干扰很大，按键扫描程序非常讲究，尤其是去抖动的处理。

（2）功能需求：每按一个按键，蜂鸣器就响一次。

（3）硬件原理：（a）用4个IO来做2X2按键行列扫描，其中作为输入的2个IO口必须接上拉电阻20K左右。

（b）用1个IO经过8050三极管来驱动有源蜂鸣器，有源蜂鸣器通电就一直响，断电就停止。

而无源蜂鸣器是要靠断断续续的开关信号来驱动才能响，就是要频率来驱动。

（4）源码适合的单片机:PIC18F4620,晶振为22.1184MHz（5）源代码讲解如下：#include<pic18.h> //包含芯片相关头文件//补充说明：吴坚鸿程序风格是这样的，凡是输出IO后缀都是_dr,凡是输入的//IO后缀都//是_sr#define beep_dr LATA1 //蜂鸣器输出#define key_dr1 LATB3 //2X2按键行输出#define key_dr2 LATB4 //2X2按键行输出#define key_sr1 RB6 //2X2按键行输入#define key_sr2 RB7 //2X2按键行输入//补充说明：吴坚鸿程序风格是这样的，凡是做延时计数阀值的常量//前缀都用cnt_表示。

#define cnt_delay_cnt1 25 //按键去抖动延时阀值#define cnt_delay_cnt2 5 //按键行输出信号稳定的小延时阀值#define cnt_voice_time 60 //蜂鸣器响的声音长短的延时阀值void delay1(unsigned int de) ;//小延时程序，时间不宜太长，因为内部没有喂看门狗//补充说明：吴坚鸿程序风格是这样的，凡是按键扫描函数都放在定时中//断里，凡是按键服务程序都是放在main函数循环里。

有人说不应该把子程序//放在中断里，别听他们，信鸿哥无坎坷。

Basic GTS Enterprise Device Communication Server Xirgo TechnologiesXT-2000-G-X001Copyright © 2007-2011 GeoTelematic Solutions, Inc.All rights reserved*************************Device Communication Server – XirgoContents:1 Introduction2 Configuring the Server2.1 Changing the Server "Listen" Ports2.2 Setting the "Unique-ID" Prefix Characters2.3 Setting the Xirgo Properties2.4 Changing the Default Alarm Code to StatusCode Mapping3 Running the Server3.1 Manually Starting the Server3.2 Automatically Starting the Server on System Reboot3.3 Monitoring the Log File4 Adding Devices to an Account4.1 Creating a New Device Record4.2 The "Server ID" Field.5 Testing a New Configured Device5.1 Monitoring the Log Files5.2 Viewing the Unassigned Devices ReportAppendix:A) Troubleshooting Device Connection Issues1) IntroductionThis manual describes how to configure and run the GTS Enterprise device communication server (DCS) for the Xirgo Technologies hardware GPS tracking/telematic devices. This server supports the following devices:–XT-2000-G-X001The following features are supported for the Xirgo DCS:–Receive incoming data packets via UDP/TCP.–Estimated GPS-based Odometer.–Simulated Geozone Arrival/Departure.2) Configuring the ServerThe following section refers to the runtime configuration file for the Xirgo device communication server, which can be found in the GTS Installation directory at "dcservers/dcserver_xirgo.xml".2.1) Changing the Server "Listen" Ports.The ports on which the Xirgo DCS listens for incoming data packets is specified on the "ListenPorts" tag:<ListenPortstcpPort="37690"udpPort="37690"/>If required, the "listen" port can be changed to fit the requirements of your runtime environment. The script programmed into the Xirgo device will also need to be configured to transmit data to the same port as the server used to listen for incoming data packets.The "listen" ports must be open through the firewall in order for the remote device to send data to the Xirgo server.If packet acknowledgment is required, any acknowledgments sent by the server back to the remote device must be sent from the same IP address to which the remote device sent it's data packet. If your server responds to more than one IP address, then the Xirgo server listener must be bound to the same IP address/interface used by the remote tracking devices. This is set in the top-level "dcservers.xml" file, on the "DCServerConfig" tag, "bindAddress" attribute.2.2) Setting the "Unique-ID" Prefix Characters.The Unique-ID prefix characters can be set in the "UniqueIDPrefix" tag section:<UniqueIDPrefix><![CDATA[xg_xirgo_imei_*]]></UniqueIDPrefix>These prefix characters are used to 'prepend' to the IMEI number, or other custom ID, as reported by the device to look-up the owning Account/Device record for this device. For instance, if the Xirgo ID number is "123456789012345", then the system will search for the owning Device using the following Unique-ID keys, in the order specified:xg_123456789012345xirgo_123456789012345imei_123456789012345123456789012345Note that the '*' character by itself indicates that the system should look up the Xirgo ID number without any prefixing characters.To bind a Xirgo device to a specified Account/Device record, set the "Unique ID:" field on the Device Admin page to the appropriate prefixed unique-id value. For example:Unique ID: xirgo_1234567890123452.3) Setting the Xirgo PropertiesProperties which effect the behavior of the server are set in the "Properties" tag section. The following properties may be set:<Property key="minimumSpeedKPH">3.0</Property>This is the minimum acceptable speed value, below which the device will considered not moving, and the speed will be explicityly set to "0.0".<Property key="statusLocationInMotion">true</Property>If "true", the DCS will replace an event which otherwise is defined to be a general STATUS_LOCATION status code instead with a STATUS_MOTION_IN_MOTION status code, if the indicated speed of the vehicle is greater than zero.<Property key="minimumMovedMeters">0</Property>If the specified value is greater than '0', then subsequent received events will be omitted if they are within the specified number of meters to the previous event. Useful for eliminating multiple events at the same location, when the device continues to periodically report a location even if the device is stopped.<Property key="estimateOdometer">true</Property>If "true", the DCS will calculate the current event odometer based on the distance traveled since the last valid GPS location.<Property key="simulateGeozones">true</Property>If "true", the DCS will check for geozone arrivals/departures and insert the appropriate arrive/depart events.2.4) Changing the Default Alarm Code to StatusCode Mapping.The Alarm Code to StatusCode mapping is specified in the "EventCodeMap" and "Code" tag sections:<EventCodeMap enabled="true"><!-- default generated status codes --><Code key="4001">0xF020</Code> <!-- STATUS_LOCATION --></EventCodeMap>The "key" attribute represents the default status code generated by the Xirgo server for the indicated Alarm Code. The hex value indicated within the commented section following the "Code" definition is the value of the actual received Alarm Code.The text value of the "Code" tag should be the status-code to which the Alarm Code should be mapped. The special value "ignore" can be used to cause events which specify this Alarm Code to be ignored. The special value "default" indicates that the status code on the generated event will be STATUS_LOCATION if the vehicle is not moving, and STATUS_MOTION_IN_MOTION if the vehicle is moving. The numeric values, specified as either decimal or hexidecimal will be used as the status code on the generated event.If an event arrives with a Alarm Code which is not specified in the "EventCodeMap" tag section, then it will be used unchanged as the status-code for the generated event.Refer to the "Status Codes and Description" documentation for a list of currently defined status codes.3) Running the ServerTo begin listening for incoming events the server must be started. This section describes the process for manually starting the Xirgo server, and how to set up the system to have is automatically start the Xirgo server on system reboot.3.1) Manually Starting the ServerThe command for manually starting the Xirgo server is as follows:> cd $GTS_HOME> bin/runserver.pl -s xirgoTo start the Xirgo server with debug logging (useful when testing or debugging), the option "-debug" may be added to the command line.The server will start, and logging information will be sent to the file "$GTS_HOME/logs/xirgo.log".For debug purposes, it is sometimes useful to have the logging output sent directly to the console, instead of the log file. In this case the option "-i" can also be added to the command-line. When logging to the console, hit control-C to stop the server.To view the running server, you can use the "bin/psjava" command:> $GTS_HOME/bin/psjavaPID Parent L User Java class/jar------ ------ - -------- --------------------------------------------------54639( 1) 1 opengts org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap68936( 1) 1 opengts /usr/local/GTS_2.2.4-B23/build/lib/xirgo.jarTo stop the running Xirgo server, enter the following command:> cd $GTS_HOME> bin/runserver.pl -s xirgo -killThis will stop the running Xirgo server.3.2) Automatically Starting the Server on System RebootThe auto-start script for Fedora is located at "$GTS_HOME/bin/onboot/fedora/opengts", and should have been installed into the system directory "/etc/init.d" when the GTS was installed.This startup script uses the configuration specified in the file "$GTS_HOME/bin/serverList" to determine which device communication servers to start up when the system is rebooted. The line in this file that refers to the Xirgo DCS should appear similar to the following:execServer "Xirgo" "xirgo" "${option}" ""The first quoted string contains the DCS description. The second quoted string contains the ID of the device communication server and must match a library jar file with the same name at"$GTS_HOME/build/lib/xirgo.jar". The third quoted string must contain the exact value "${option}", which is used within the startup script to pass command-line arguments to the DCS startup code. The forth quoted string is used to pass other optional default or constant arguments to the DCS startup code.3.3) Monitoring the Log FilesWhen started, the Xirgo DCS will create the following output log files:$GTS_HOME/logs/xirgo.pidThis file contains the process-id (PID) of the Xirgo DCS execution process. This PID is used by the "-kill" option to terminate the running Xirgo DCS.$GTS_HOME/logs/xirgo.logThis log file is where all other logging information is placed regarding the receipt and parsing of data from the remote Xirgo tracking devices. As this file grows, it will be "rotated" into other log files timestamped as follows:xirgo.log.YYYYMMDDHHMMSS.logWhere "YYYYMMDDHHMMSS" represents the Year/Month/Day/Hour/Minutes/Seconds time that the file was trimmed and rotated.The "xirgo.log" file will reflect any current connection attempts from remote Xirgo tracking devices. As devices send their data to the server, the receipt of the incoming data packets, along with parsing results, will be displayed in this log file.4) Adding Devices to an AccountWhen data is received from a remote Xirgo tracking device, the Xirgo server looks up the IMEI number in the Device table to determine which Account/Device owns this device. This section describes how to create a Device record and associate an Xirgo tracking device with the Device record.4.1) Creating a New Device RecordUsing the web-interface, log in to the appropriate Account which should own the Xirgo tracking device, then traverse to the "Device Admin" page (or "Vehicle Admin", etc, if so named). Create a new Device as indicated in the GTS Enterprise Tutorial documentation, then "Edit" the newly created Device record.On the Edit page, there will be a field described as follows:Unique ID: [ ]In this field enter the value "xirgo_<IMEI_Number>", replacing "<IMEI_Number>" with the device IMEI number. For instance, if the IMEI number is "123456789012345", then enter the value "xirgo_123456789012345" in this "Unique ID:" field.After making changes to the Device record, click the "Change" button.4.2) The "Server ID" FieldThe "Server ID" field displayed as a column title on the Device list page, and as a read-only field on the Device Edit page, is assigned a value when the Xirgo device sends its first data packet to the server. Until then, this value will remain blank.When viewing a list of created Device records with assigned Xirgo devices, records which still have blank "Server ID" fields indicate that no incoming data packet has been received for this particular Device.5) Testing a New Configured DeviceThis section describes the process for monitoring newly configured Xirgo devices that have been assigned to an Account/Device record.5.1) Monitoring for Incoming ConnectionsThe Account report "Last Known Device Location" can be used to display the last know location of a given device, which can also be used to determine whether any events have been received from a specific Xirgo device.The "Server ID" field on the Device record will also indicate if a data packet has arrived from a specific Xirgo device and successfully assigned to the Device record.If no indication on the Device reports, or "Server ID" field is evident, then the log file itself can be consulted for indications of incoming data packets from the Xirgo device. The information in the log file can indicate whether an IMEI number may not have been properly assigned, so the Xirgo DCS is unable to determine whichAccount/Device the incoming data packet belongs to.5.2) Viewing the Unassigned Device ReportIn the case where an Xirgo device is put into service without having been assigned to an Account/Device record, or where the IMEI number was incorrectly entered in to the Device record, the Xirgo DCS may not know to which Account/Device the incoming data packet belongs.When the Xirgo DCS cannot determine the ownership of an incoming data packet, it will place the IMEI and currently GPS location into the "UnassignedDevices" table. The "Unassigned Devices" report can be selected from the System Administrator login panel ("System Admin" tab, "SysAdmin Reports" menu option, "Unassigned Devices" report). This report will show the "Server ID" (Xirgo), "Unique ID" (IMEI number), and the last time data was received from this device. This information can be used to determine whether an IMEI number was ever assigned to an Account/Device record, or if an IMEI number was incorrection assigned to an Account/Device (ie. transposed digits, etc).Appendix)A) Troubleshooting Device Connection IssuesThe following are fequently-asked-questions regarding commonly occurring connection issues.Q: I've configured an Xirgo device to send data to the server, but have not received any data.A: Monitor the "xirgo.log" file for possible incoming connections from the device. If there is no indication that the server is receiving any communication from the remote device, the most common reasons to check include:• Make sure device has a valid/active SIM card.• Make sure the device has been programmed with the proper APN ("Access Point Name") configuration as specified by your wireless service provider.• Make sure the device has been programmed with the proper host and port of your server.• Make sure the server firewall allows incoming UDP/TCP connections on the specified port. If the server itself provides its own firewall, then check the firewall settings. On Linux, this is usually controlled by "iptables".The command to display the current iptables configuration is "iptables-save" (must be run as "root").See "/docs/iptables/iptables-save.html" for more information.Q: I see data arriving for my device in the "xirgo.log" file, but it is always the same event that is being sent over and over.A: If this occurs for all configured/connected Xirgo devices, the problem is likely that returned UDP acknowledgments are not being returned properly to the device. The most likely reason for this is that your computer responds to more than one IP address, and the returned UDP packets are being sent from a different IP address than the one that the device is configured to send data to. This can be fixed by setting the "bindAddress" attribute in the "dcservers.xml" file in the GTS installation directory (then restart the Xirgo DCS). In some cases, the SIM card wireless service provider does not allow returned UDP packets to be sent from the server back to a device. In this case, it may be necessary to program the Xirgo devices to not require a return acknowledgment.A: If this occurs for only one device (ie. other devices are reporting as expected), this this is likely due to the GPS receiver's inability to obtain a new GPS fix, and the previous GPS fix is being resent. This usually means that the device is simply in an area where the GPS satellites cannot be seen (ie. Indoors, etc). On rare occasions, this can mean that the GPS antenna has become unplugged, or has been damaged.Q: The received events have a valid latitude/longitude, but do not have an odometer value.A: The Xirgo DCS property "estimateOdometer" allows enabling a calculated odometer value, based on the distance traveled between successive GPS points. To enable a calculated estimated odometer value, make sure this property is set to "true".。

step-by-step-第一册-单元真正完整版(答案及原文)————————————————————————————————作者：————————————————————————————————日期：Unit 1 Education is a keyPart IA1. Oxford / commitment / academic record2. oldest/ largest / reputation / research / science3. first / Australia / 150 years / excels4. excellence / 17.000 / location5. largest / 1883 / situated / 26,0006. 1636 / enrollment / 18,500/ schools7. awards / degrees / 20,000 8. located / 135 / thirdB1. 2,700 languages / 7,000 dialects / regional / pronunciation2. official / language3. One billion / 20 percent4. Four hundred million / first / 600 million / second / foreign5. 500,000 words / Eighty percent / other6. Eighty percent / computers7. African country / same8. 1,000 / Africa9. spaceship / 1977 / 55 / message / the United StatesC 1 – (a) 2 – ( c) 3 – ( d) 4 – (b )All right, class. Today we’re going to be looking at different language learning styles. You may be surprised to find that there are different ways of going about learning languages, none of which is necessarily better than the others. Researchers have identified four basic learner “types” –the communicative learner, the analytical learner, the authority-oriented learner and the concrete learner. Communicative learners like to learn by watching and listening to native speakers. At home, they like to learn by watching TV and videos. They like to learn new words by hearing them. In class, they like to learn by having conversations. Now, concrete learners like to lean by playing games, by looking at pictures and videos in class, talking in pairs, and by listening to cassettes at home and school. Now, authority-oriented learners, on the other hand, like the teacher to explain everything. They like to write everything down in their notebook, and they like to have a textbook. They like to learn new words by seeing them. And finally, we have analytical learners. These learners like to learn by studying grammar. At home, they like to learn by studying English books, and they like to study by themselves. They like to find their own mistakes. Now, of course, it’s unusual for a person to be exclusively one “type” rather than another. Most of us are mixtures of styles. What type of learner do you think you are?Part IIA2Primary school entering age secondary school entering age permissible age toleave school Britain 5 11 16The U.S 6 junior high: 11 16Senior high: 14Australia 5 intermediate school: 11 16High school: 12/13Canada 6 about 13 16A31.GCSE examinations2.students / higher education3.student/ second year / high school / college4.general exam / School Certificate5.sitting University Entrance Examination6.bachelor’s degree: 3/ 4 yearsmaster’s degree: another year or twodoctorate: a further 3-7 yearsWell, in Britain, from the ages of five to about eleven you start off at a primary school, and then from eleven to sixteen you go on to a secondary school or a comprehensive school and at sixteen you take GCSE examinations. After this, some children take vocational courses or even start work. Others stay on at school for another two years to take A levels. And at the age of eighteen, after A levels, they might finish their education or go on to a course of higher education at a college or university, and that’s usually for three years.Well, it depends on what state you’re in but most kids in the United States start school at about six when they go to elementary school and that goes from the first grade up to the sixth grade. Some kids go to a kindergarten the year before that. Then they go on to junior high school, that’s about eleven, and that’s the seventh, eighth and ninth grades. And then they go on to senior high schoo l around age fourteen starting in the tenth grade and finishing in the twelfth grade usually. Some students will leave school at sixteen and they’ll start work, but most of them stay on to graduate from high school at age eighteen. In the first year at high school or college students are called “freshmen”, in the second they’re called “sophomores”, in the third year we call them “juniors” and in the fourth year they’re called “seniors”. Now a lot of high school graduates then go to college or university and they do a four-year first degree course. Some of them might go to junior college which is a two-year course.Well, in Australia, well most states anyway, children start their primary education at five after perhaps a brief time in kindergarten. They wil l stay at primary school until they’re about eleven, then they’ll either stay there or go to an intermediate school for a couple of years. Then they start high school usually twelve or thirteen, which you start in the third form. Now, after three years at high school you sit a general exam, some states call it School Certificate and that is a sort of general qualification and that if a sort of general qualification. After that you can leave school at sixteen or you can go on and sit your University Entrance Examination, which then gives you entrée into a university or it’s another useful qualification, and from then on you go to various sorts of higher education.Education in Canada is a provincial responsibility, but schools are administered by local schoolboards.Kindergarten is for children who are four or five years old. Children begin formal full-day schooling in Grade 1, when they are about six years old. They must stay in school at least until they are sixteen. However, most students continue to finish high school. Some go to college or university. Each year of schooling represents one grade. (The school year extends from the beginning of September to the end of June.) Elementary school includes kindergarten to about Grade 8. Secondary school (or high school) may start in Grade 8, 9, or 10 and it usually continues until Grade 12.In Canada, students may go to university or to a community college. If they want to learn skills for specific job, they attend college for one or four years to get a diploma or certificate. For example, lab technicians, child-care workers, and hotel managers go to college. Universities offer degree programs as well as training professions, such as law, medicine, and teaching.Universities offer three main levels of degrees. Students earn a bachelor’s degree after three or four years of study. A master’s degree can take another year or two. A doctorate may take a further three to seven years to complete.B1 Idioms / vocabulary / French / spelling / pronunciationB2 1. F 2. T 3. FI – Interviewer P – ProfessorI: And now we have an interview with Professor J. T. Lingo, Professor of Linguistics at Chimo University, who is here to talk to us about the growing business of teaching English. Good morning, professor Lingo.P: Good morning.I: I understand that teaching English is becoming “big business” all around the world.P: It seems that language schools are springing up everywhere.I: Why is that?P: With the move toward a global economy, English has become the most widely used language in the world. It is the language of business, aviation, science and international affairs and people find that they must learn English to compete in those fields.I: And do people find English an easy language to learn?P: Well, every language has something about it that other people find difficult to learn. English is such a hodgepodge of different languages –it’s essentially Germanic but a lot of its vocabulary comes from French, and technical words stem from Latin and Greek. This feature makes English fairly adaptable – which is a good thing for a world language – but it causes irregularity in spelling and pronunciation.I: English spelling baffles me, too.P: English also has the largest vocabulary. Often there are words for the same thing, one is Anglo-Saxon and one from the French –like “buy” which is Anglo-Saxon and “purchase” whichis from the French. The French word often has more prestige.I: Anglo-Saxon?P: That’s the word for Old English. The Norman Conquest in 1066 brought the French language to Britain and helped English evolve into the English it is today.I: Is there anything else particularly difficult about English?P: Well, the idioms in informal English pose a problem for some students.I: Informal English?P: As with any language, there are different varieties: slang, colloquial. Formal, written, as well as the different dialects – British, American and Canadian English.I: And how is Canadian English different from American and British?P: Canadian English is closer to American in pronunciation and idiom. Some of our words and our spellings do reflect British usage, however. We wouldn’t use the British term “lorry” for truck, but we have kept the “o-u-r” spellings in words such as “honour”and “colour”.I: This has been very interesting. I’m afraid we’re out of time. It has been a pleasure talking to you.Part III University LifeA1I.A.AgeD. Foreign student populationII.2..15 hrs (+2 or 3 for lab)3. a. +100 b. Discussion group: 15-20 c. much smaller4. informal, friendly6. 2-3 hrs: 1 hrToday I’d like to give you some idea about how life at an American university or college might be different from the way it is in your country. To be sure, the student body on a U. S. campus is a pretty diverse group of people. First of all, you will find students of all ages. Although most students start college at around the age of 18, you will see students in their 30s and 40s and even occasionally in their 60s and 70s. Students on a U.S. campus come from a wide variety of socioeconomic backgrounds. Many students work at least part-time, some of them work full-time. Many students live in dormitories on campus, some have their own apartments usually with other students, and others live at home. Some colleges and universities have a very diverse student population with many racial and ethnic minorities. Some schools have a fairly large foreign student population. So you can see that one meets all kinds of people on a U.S. college or university campus. Now that you have some general idea of differences in the student population, I’d like to talk a few minutes about what I think an average student is and then discuss with you what a typical class might be like.Let’s begin my talking about an average stud ent entering his or her freshman year. Of course, such a person never really exists, but still it’s convenient to talk about an “average” student for our purposes. Foreign students are often surprised at how poorly prepared American students are when they enter a university. Actually, at very select schools the students are usually very well prepared,but at less selective schools, they may not be as well prepared as students in your country are. Schools in the States simply admit a lot more students than is usual in most other countries. Also, most young American university students have not traveled in other countries and are not very well-versed in international matters and do not know a lot about people from other countries. Foreign students usually find them friendly but not very well-informed about their countries or cultures.What kind of academic experiences will this so-called “average” student have? The average undergraduate student takes five classes a semester and is in class for 15 hours a week. If her or she takes a class that has a laboratory, this will require tow or three more hours. Many introductory undergraduate classes are given in large lectures of 100 or more students. However, many of these classes will have small discussion groups of 15 to 20 students that meet once a week. In these smaller groups, a teaching assistant will lead a discussion to help classify points in the lectures. Other kinds of classes – for example, language classes – will be much smaller so that students can practice language. In general, American professors are informal and friendly with their students, and, as much as possible, they expect and invite participation in the form of discussion. A large amount of reading and other work is often assigned to be done outside class, and students are expected to take full responsibility for completing these assignments and asking questions in class about those areas they don’t understand. As a rule of thumb, students spend two to three hours preparing for each hour they spend in class. American professors often encourage their students to visit them during office hours, especially if the students are having problems in the class.A2II. B. 2.Examinations 4.quizzesII.Graduate schoolC. SeminarsD. some area of interestE. a research paperLet’s move on now to discuss student obligations in a typical American class. These obligations are usually set down in the course syllabus. A syllabus is generally handed out to students on the first or second class meeting. A good syllabus will give students a course outline that mentions all the topics to be covered in class. It will also contain all the assignments and the dates they should be completed by. An average university course of one semester might have three examinations or two examinations and a paper. The dates of the examinations and what the examinations will cover should be on the syllabus. If a paper id required, the date it is due should also be in the syllabus. The professor may also decide that he or she will be giving quizzes during the semester, either announced or unannounced. For students coming from a system where there is one examination in each subject at the end of the year, all this testing can be a little surprising at first. By the by, maybe this would be a good place for me to mention the issue of attendance. Another real difference in our system is out attendance policies. Perhaps you come from a system where attendance is optional. Generally speaking, American professors expect regular attendance andmay even grade you down if you are absent a lot. All this information should be on your syllabus, along with the professor’s office number and office hours.I have only a couple of hours left, and I’d like to use them to talk about how graduate school is somewhat different from undergraduate school. Of course, it’s much more difficult to enter graduate school, and most students are highly qualified and high motivated. Students in graduate school are expected to do much more independent work than those in undergraduate schools, with regularly scheduled exams, etc. some classes will be conducted as seminars. In a seminar class, there may be no exams, but students are expected to read rather widely on topics and be prepared for thorough discussion of them in class. Another possibility in graduate classes is that in addition to readings done by all students, each student may also be expected to work independently in some area of interest and later make a presentation that summarizes what her or she has learned. Usually each student then goes on to write a paper on what he or she has researched to turn in to the professor for a grade.I hope that today’s lecture has given you some idea about student life on an American campus and that you have noticed some difference between our system and yours.B2to make mistakes / every new thing / the language/ Working outside the classroomPassive / the teach / stick his neck out / more likely to be right than himself----well what I wanted to ask really was… you’re a teacher, been teaching for many years now, erm, what would you say, how would you describe a good student or a bad student, sort of things they do or don’t do in the classroom?---Erm, well, a good student is usually one who’s not afraid to make mistakes, I’d say.---Uh,huh.----And he’s, er, eager to experiment with every new thing that he learns, whether it be a structure of a function or a new word, erm,he immediately starts trying to use it.\---Yeah, all right.---And h e’s interested in the mistakes he makes, he’s not afraid to make them.---So he’s not simply interested in having it corrected and moving on?---No. no, no. he, he plays with the language. A bad student, on the other hand, will perhaps say “OK I’ve done this chapter I know this,” without trying to experiment at all, without really testing himself.---Ahha, ahha.---He’s usually passive, he won’t speak up much in the classroom. He’ll very rarely ask you why this and why not something else…---Just sort of accepts what you give him an d doesn’t do anything more with it.---That’s right and in a test he’s the one person who’s likely to suddenly realize that he wasn’t too sure about that after all.---Yeah.---And peep over at the er…at his neighbor’s paper.---Oh, yes, An alternative learning strategy.---Right, and he invariably decides that the other person is more likely to be right than himself. That’s the result of this sort of unwillingness to make mistakes and stick his neck out.---Mm, right, yeah. Er, anything else?---Er…---That characterizes the good or bad learner?---Er, mm, the bad learner is, wait a minute er, the good learner is erm, well, I think he’ll do more off his own bat as well, he won’t rely entirely on the teacher.---Mm hm.---He’ll read, he’ll read books.---Mm, so work outside the classroom as well as in it.---Yes, yeah---Yeah, yeah---Students who make most progress are first of all those who experiment and secondly those who read books.Part IV University CampusA2. the History Department3. the Psychology Department4. the Library5. the Education Department6. the Philosophy Department7. the Geography Department8. the Sports Ground9. the Foreign Languages Department 10. the Chinese Department11. the Physics Department 12. the Mathematics Department 13. the Chemistry Department 14. the Clinic 15. the Auditorium 16. the Administration BuildingLook at the map. At the bottom of the page, fine the gate (1). Now locate 16. It is between the river and the lake, close to the Main Road. The building behind the Administration is 15. Where is 4? It’s on the right-hand side of the Main Road, close to the river. Across the Main road from the Library, the building by the river is 5. The first building on the left-hand side of the Main Road is 7. 6 is between the Education and the Geography. The building at the end of the Main Road is 12. on its left is 11 and on its right, near the lake, is 13. Another building behind the like is 14. 10 is facing the lake, across the Main Road. The building between the Chinese Department and the river is 9. 2 is the first building on the right of the Main Road. Next to the History Department is 3. And last, 8 is behind the Education, Philosophy and Geography Departments.B Robert MartinBiologynext fallsix years in a public school in the hometown; two years in a military school, high school in the hometownscience (biology in particular), sportsMr. Rose: Good morning. Have a seat.Bob: Good morning. Thank you.Mr. Rose: I have your application here somewhere. Yes，here it is. Your name is Robert Martin，right?Bob: That's right，sir.Mr. Rose: And you hope to enter our university next fallBob: Yes，sir，if I can make it.Mr. Rose: Fine，Bob. I notice that you finished high school a year ago. Why didn't you enter college that year?Bob: Well，I have a sister in college now. And there's another one who'll be going next year. So I had to earn a little money to help pay my way.Mr. Rose: Good. It sounds as if you're a pretty responsible fellow. I see that you attended two grade schools.Bob: Yes，sir. My first six years I went to a public school in my hometown. Then I went to a military school for two years.Mr. Rose: And came back to your hometown for high school.B ob: That's right，sir.Mr. Rose: I see. I don't find a transcript among your papers. Do you have one？Bob: I'm not sure I know what that is.Mr Rose: Oh，that's a list of your grades.B ob: Oh，yes. That's in the mail now.Mr Rose: All right. How were your gradesB ob: Well，pretty good，until my second year in high school. Then I guess I got a little too interested in sports. But I know I'll work hard in college.Mr Rose: What do you want to major insB ob: I want to major in biology. That was my best subject in high school. I'm really interested in it.Mr Rose: That sounds fine，Bob. Have you discussed this with your teachers and your parents？B ob: Oh，sure. My science teacher thinks that's just what I ought to go into. And my parents say I should make my own choice.Mr Rose: Did you have some math and other science courses in high schoolB ob: Everything they offered. And I did some extra work for my teacher too.Mr Rose: Well，Bob，you should get along all right here. But it's hard to keep up with both sports and studies.B ob: Yes，sir，I know.Mr Rose: Fine. I' 11 hold your application until we get the transcript. We’ve seen it we'll let you know. Probably in about two weeks.B ob: Thank you very much，sir.Mr Rose: By the way，what did your guidance counselor tell yourB ob: He told me I had a real knack for scientific things. I know I do，too. I've been fascinated with science since I was a child.Mr Rose: An interest of that kind really signifies something. Well，good luck，Bob.B ob: Thank you，sir. Good-bye.Unit 2 Colorful lands, colorful peopleA16,998,000 / 64,186,300/ 840,000 / 1,000,000 / 3,320,000 / 143,244 / 32,483 / 2,966,000 /5,105,700 / 29,028 / -1,312 / 5,315 / 36,198 / 4,145 /The biggest continent in the world is Asia. It covers 16,998,000 square miles.The Pacific Ocean is the largest ocean with 64,186,300 square miles.Which is the biggest island? It’s Greenland. It occupies an area of 840,000 square miles.The Arabia Peninsula is the largest peninsula and has an area of 1, 000,000 square miles.Do you know which is the larg est desert? Yes, it’s the Sahara Desert in North Africa. It covers 3,320,000 square miles.The biggest saltwater lake is the Caspian Sea, which is 143,244 square miles large.Lake Superior is the biggest fresh water lake and it covers a total area of 32,483 square miles.The smallest continent is Oceania, with an area of 2,966,000 square miles, and the smallest ocean is the Arctic Ocean with 5,105,700 square miles.You all know the world’s highest peak, don’t you? Mt. Qomolangma (or Mt. Everest) is 29,028 feet above sea level. In contrast, the lowest altitude in the world is the Dead Sea, 1,312 feet below sea level, or you can say -1,312 feet.The deepest lake is Baykal in Russia. The depth is 5,315 feet.Mariana Trench near the Philippines is the deepest oceanic trench, with a depth of 36, 198 feet.The longest river in the world is the Nile in Africa. It is 4, 145 miles long.B1,243,738,000 / 955,220,000 / 267,901,000 / 199,867,000 / 159,884,000 / 147,105,000 / 138,150,000 / 125,638,000 / 122,013,000 / 118,369,000 / 96,400,000 / 82,071,0001. The country with the largest population in the world is China. According to the 1997 census, the total population was 1,243,738,000.2. The second largest in population is India. It listed a population of 955,220,000 in 1997.3. And the third largest is the United States, with its estimated population of 267,901,000 in 1997.4. Which country is the fourth largest in population? It’s Indonesia. About 199,867,000 people live there.5. Brazil ranks the fifth in its population. There the population was 159,884,000.6. Next comes the Russian Federation, with a population of 147,105,000.7. The seventh in line is Pakistan, with an estimated population of 138,150,000.8. Japan is the country with the eighth largest population. Its population estimated in 1997 reached 125,638,000.9. The next larges country in population is Bangladesh. The estimated population was 122,013,000 in 1997.10. Nigeria in Africa ranks the tenth in its population. There are about 118,369,000 people living there.11. The eleventh? Mexico. According to statistics, its population was 96, 400, 000 in 1997.12. And last, the twelfth larges is Germany. Its 1997 census showed it had a population of 82,071,000.CChinese 1,300 million / Spanish 332 million /English 322 million / 189 million / 182 million / 170 million / Russian 170 million / Japanese 125 million / German 98 million / 75.5 million / Korean 75 million / French 72 million / Vietnamese 67 million / 66 million / 64 million / 63 million / Turkish 59 million / 58 million / 44 million / Polish 44 million / Arabic 42.5 million / 41 millionDo you know which languages are spoken by more than 40 million people?Chinese has the largest number of speakers, more than 1,300 million. Next, Spanish is spoken by 332 million people. The next on the line is English, which has more than 322 million speakers. Number 4, Bengali is spoken by 189 million people. Next comes Hindi, the language spoken chiefly in India, which has 182 million speakers. Portuguese and Russian are next on the line and they are both spoken by 170 million people. Number 8, Japanese is spoken by 125 million. Next, German has 98 million speakers, while Javanese has 75.5 million. We have Korean on the list with 75 million, and it is followed by French, which is spoken by 72 million. Number 13, Vietnamese is spoken by 67 million and Telugu is spoken by 66 million. Next, we have Marathi on the list and it has 64 million speakers. Marathi is followed by Tamil, with 63 million speakers. Next comes Turkish, the language spoken in Turkey, and it has 59 million speakers. Number 18, Urdu is spoken by 58 million people. Gujarati has 44 million speakers, and Polish is also spoken by 44 million people. Number 21, which 42.5 million people speak, is Arabic and last, the number of people who speak Ukrainian is 41 million.Part IIA1. A baby boy2. social/ ecological/ populations3. longer/ healthierA baby boy born in Bosnia-Herzegovina overni ght has officially been named the world’s six billionth inhabitant.Although several other babies are likely to have been born at the same time elsewhere in the world, the United Nations had declared that the first child to be delivered at the Kosovo Hospital in Sarajevo today would symbolize the passing of the mark.The U Secretary General is visiting the mother and her son as a UN attempt to draw attention to the social and ecological problems of rapidly expanding populationsThe boy who came into the world a short time ago in Bosnia to such international acclaim will be sharing a birthday with a few hundred thousand people and in the next year another eighty million will be joining him on the planet. The earth’s population has doubled since 1960 and with more than a billion young people just entering their productive years. The population growth has plenty of momentum. But birth control programs are beginning to have an impact. Demographers predict that by the middle of the new century the global count will level off at something under ten billion. The UN population agency has presented today’s achievement as a success for humanity, pointing out that people are living longer and healthier lives than any generation in the history.B b c aThe boy will be sharing a birthday with a few hundred thousand people and in the next year, another eighty million will be joining him on the planet.The earth’s population has doubled since 1960 and with more than a billion young people just entering their productive years.Demographers predict that by the middle of the new century, the global count will level off at something under ten billion.Part IIIAWater 70% red or brown plant cover snow continents islands arms of the ocean connecting a channel valleys plainsB 12 million / 2/ 10 million/ 10/ 3/ 6/ 4/16 million/ 18 million1. Mexico City2. Sao Paulo3. Rio de Janeiro4. Bombay5. Delhi6. Shanghia7. SeoulI-Interview E-ExpertI: In Britain we are often told that people are leaving the big cities to live in the countryside but is this the case worldwide?E: Not at all. If you look at the biggest cities in 1950, seven out of the top ten were in the developed countries but by the year 2000, the developing countries will have eight out of the top ten. New York, which in 1950 was number one with a population of around 12 million, will only be the sixth largest city in the world but with an extra 2 million.I: And London?E: London, which was number two, won’t even be in the top ten. Its population in 1950, by the way, was about 10 million.I: And why is this happening? Why are people moving to the big cities from the country in the。

Unit1 Topic3 SectionC优质课教案1. The analysis of teaching material:The topic of this unit talks about the school sports meet and the Olympic Games, there are three topics in this unit: “I’m going to play basketball.”, “I’ll kick you the ball again.”, and “The school sports meet is coming.” In this class students will read a passage and finish three tasks. After reading the text and surfing more information on the internet. The students may know something about the modern Olympics.2. The analysis of students:The students are in Grade Eight. This topic is close to their daily life, most students have deep interest in sports, and they look forward to knowing more about the Olympics, so they are eager to learn more. They are active but their vocabulary is limited. They can remember less words and phrases; they hardly are able to write several sentences. What’s more, most boys in our class are afraid of learning English, they aren’t interested in English. Most students seldom preview the text before class, so I lead them to learn the knowledge by looking at the pictures, it will be easier for students to finish the tasks.3. The analysis of teaching goals:(1)To know something about the modern Olympics.(2)To read the passage, understand and complete the tasks.(3)To develop students’ ability of reading skills, individual reading and scanning.4. Key points and difficult points:(1)Key point: To read the passage, and complete the tasks.(2)Difficult point: To develop students’ ability of reading skills, individual reading and scanning.5. Teaching aids: multimedia, textbook, blackboard.6. Teaching methods: Task-Based Language Teaching,Five Steps Teaching.7. Teaching Procedures:Step1 Lead—inLet’s enjoy a song: Pass the flame.The teacher asks students: Do you like this song? And do you know what the song is about?Pass the flame is the theme song of the Olympic Games in Athens in 2004. Do you want to know more about the Olympics?Step2 Presentation (pre—reading)Teacher shows some pictures about the modern Olympics on the PPT, let students find out the years and the host cities. They should learn to say these sentences:The modern Olympics started in Athens, Greece in______.In 2000 ______ held the 27th Olympic Games.In 2004______ hosted the28th Olympic Games.______ hosted the 29th Olympic Games in 2008.London held the 30th Olympics in______.The 31st Olympics was held in ______ in2016.Then ask them to think about the two questions:Do you know when the next Olympics will be held?Which city will host the next Olympic Games?Activity 1: Match the years with the host cities of the Olympic Games.2000 Rio2004 London2008 Beijing2012 Athens2016 SydneyNext we will learn: the symbol of the Olympics and what do the five rings stand for? Olympic motto is: Faster, Higher, Stronger!Step3 Practice (while—reading)Task 1: Read the passage 1a and choose the correct answers.( ) 1. The modern Olympics started in______.A. 1952B. 1896C. 1996D. 2000( ) 2. What is the symbol of the Olympic Games?A. The Olympic emblems（会徽）B. The Olympic mascots (吉祥物）C. The Olympic ringsD. The flag of each country( ) 3. What do the five rings stand for?A. Five parts of the worldB. Five countriesC. Five citiesD. Five colors( ) 4. The Olympic Games are held every ______ years.A. 2B. 3C. 4D. 5( ) 5. Which of the following is TRUE?A. You can find one color in the flag of each country.B. The players from all over the world meet to compete and they can’t be friends.C. Only in Athens the Olympic motto is “Faster, Higher, and Stronger.”D. The Olympic Games will be more and more popular and exciting.While students doing this part, the teacher writes down the key words and phrase on the black board, after finishing the task, teacher retells the passage according to these tips.Task 2: Retell the passageThe modern Olympics started in Athens, Greece in ______. Its motto is “Faster, ______, Stronger”. The Olympic rings are a ______ of the Olympic Games. There are five rings, and they______ (代表）the five parts of the world. The ______ and Winter Olympics are held every four years. Nowadays, different cities hold the Olympics Games______（轮流）. The Olympics are becoming______（越来越.......）popular and exciting.Step4 Summary: complete the notes (post—reading)1. The year of the first modern Olympics: __________________________________.2. The host city of the first modem Olympics:_________________________________.3. The motto of the Olympics Games:_______________________________________.4. The symbol of the Olympics Games:______________________________________.6. The colors of the rings:________________________________________________.7. The Summer Olympic Games are held every______ years.Step5 Homework1. Read this passage aloud.2. Finish part 2, 3 on page 228. Blackboard designTopic 3 The school sports meet is coming. (Section C)The modern OlympicsStarted in: 1896Stand for: the five parts of the worldBe held: every four yearsIn the future: more and more excitingThe Olympic motto: Faster, Higher, Stronger!9. Teaching reflectionIn this class, I think there are three successful points:(1) Listen to a song to attract students’ interest.(2) Lead students to learn more by reading other materials.(3) I integrate the textbook effectively that can make students understand easily. But there is also shortcoming, I pay less attention to individual students, focus on their learning results.I believe I will do better after my hard work.。

step7密钥使用方法摘要：1.引言：介绍Step 7密钥的使用背景和重要性2.Step 7密钥的获取与安装3.Step 7密钥的使用步骤详解4.常见问题与解决方案5.总结：强调Step 7密钥的安全性和实用性正文：【引言】在数字化时代，数据安全愈发受到重视。

为了保护我们的隐私和信息安全，很多软件都采用了加密技术。

Step 7是一款强大的加密软件，其密钥功能更是为用户带来了极大的便利。

本文将详细介绍Step 7密钥的使用方法，帮助大家充分发挥这款软件的优势。

【Step 7密钥的获取与安装】1.访问Step 7官方网站或通过可靠渠道获取软件。

2.下载并安装Step 7软件。

在安装过程中，请注意阅读软件许可协议，确保合法使用。

3.安装完成后，启动Step 7，点击“文件”菜单，选择“钥匙”选项，进入密钥管理界面。

【Step 7密钥的使用步骤详解】1.生成密钥对：在密钥管理界面，点击“生成新密钥对”按钮。

根据提示，设置密钥对名称、密码保护问题和答案。

确保密码保护问题及答案易于记忆，以便在忘记密码时找回。

2.保存密钥：生成密钥对后，务必将密钥对文件保存到安全的地方。

可以将其保存在本地或上传至云端，以便随时调用。

3.加密文件：在Step 7主界面，选择需要加密的文件或文件夹，右键点击，选择“加密”选项。

在弹出的对话框中，选择对应的密钥对，设置加密密码，点击“开始加密”。

4.解密文件：同理，在Step 7主界面，选择需要解密的文件或文件夹，右键点击，选择“解密”选项。

在弹出的对话框中，输入解密密码，点击“开始解密”。

5.管理密钥：在Step 7中，可以对密钥进行备份、导入、导出等操作。

点击“钥匙”菜单中的“管理密钥”，根据需要进行相应操作。

【常见问题与解决方案】1.忘记密码：如遇忘记密码的情况，可以在Step 7中尝试找回密码。

点击“钥匙”菜单，选择“忘记密码”，按照提示操作。

2.加密解密失败：加密和解密过程中，如遇到失败情况，请检查密钥文件是否损坏、密码是否正确。

【2019统编版】人教版高中英语必修第一册Unit 1全单元备课教案教学设计1.1 Period 1 Listening and Speaking教学目标与核心素养：1. Let students master the useful words and expressions about school clubs and ways to express their hobbies or interests2. Let students briefly understand functions of different clubs and be aware of the ways of choose a suitable club.3. Get students to practice grasping topics and details while listening a dialogue.4. Get students to talk about topics relating to campus clubs.教学重难点：Importance:1. Get students to practice grasping topics and details while listening a dialogue.2. Get students to talk about topics relating to campus clubs.Difficulty:Guide the students to combine the topic with useful expressions about interests and preferences, and express themselves freely .课前准备：1.Ask the students to make preparations in vocabulary and phrases related to the theme of the period.2.Help the students to finish the Guided Learning Plan教学过程：Step 1Warming upActivity 1Ask Ss to match the photos with the names of the clubs. And hold a brief discussion about what the students are doing in the clubs.Step 2 Listening (1)Activity 2Guide the students to listen to the first two conversations and choose the correct answers.Remind the students to pay attention to the Predict Content:“Before you listen, you can read the questions and choices. It will help you topredict what you will hear.”1.What are they learning about in Conversation 1 ？(A)A. HearingB. SoundsC. Dogs.2.The students are discussing_____ in Conversation 2.（C）A. school workB. relationshipsC. dating.3.Circle the two clubs where these two conversations happened. （A）（D）A. Science ClubB. Ballet ClubC. Nature ClubD. Debate ClubActivity 3Guide the students to listen to conversation3. Then finish the following exercise.1. Tick the activities that happen in each club.Ballet Club Nature Club Cartoon Club Volunteer Clublearn new movements listen to lectures watch cartoons help old peoplewatch dance programs grow plants writes stories clean up parksmake Ballet clothes work in a greenhouse draw cartoons give directions.2. Adams says that he likes ___________but is not so interested in _________ .(B)A. stories, cartoonsB. animals, plantsC. making friends, cleaning up.3. Which club do you think is suitable for Adam? Why?I think Adam should join the Volunteer Club because he likes to do something outdoors.Step 3 SpeakingActivity 4Organize the students to working pairs and help each other choose a school club.Make some preparations before pair work.Brainstorm USEFUL WORDS and EXPRESSIONS FOR THE PAIR WOWRK. Are you going to join …？. I’d like to…, but I am not sure….. Which club do you like to join?. Have you decided which club to join?. My dream is to be……. …is not for me.. I like …，but I am not so interested in….…Provide an example for the students to modify.EXAMPLEA: Hi, Sam! I've decided to join the Music Club.B: Good decision!A: How about you? Are you going to join a club?B: Yes I'm wondering which one I should choose:the Act Club or the Ballet Club?A: I guess the question is… Do you like dancing better than acting?B: Actually, I like acting better, but my friends go to the Ballet Club and I want to be with them.A: Hmm…If you ask me，I think you should choose what you like.Step 5 PronunciationActivity 5Listen and repeat.Guide the students to listen and pay attention to the combinations of lettersEncourage the students to add more words to each groupProvide help whenever necessary.al talk, wall, ball，fall，call, all…ay pay, stay, delay, day, may, play, display, away…ai paint, daily, gain, pain, hailstone, wait…are care, declare, dare, prepare, spare, scare…ar bar, hard, car, star, large, enlarge…er her, prefer, teacher, farmer, paper …ir bird, circus, circle, ,third, thirsty, fir, birthday, shirt, dirty……or horse, absorb, bore, door, story…or word, work…ur burn, hurt, fur, turn, nurse, turtle, purple…ee keen, tree, fee, seem, feet, teeth…ea clean, eager, teach, leave, speak…ea head, ready, bread, weather, sweater, heavy…ear clear, appear, fear, hear, dear, near, ear, …ear earn, heard, search, learn, earn, earth…oa boat, coach, coat, goat, load, …ow show, grow, low, blow, slow, follow, eyebrow……ow now, shower, town, down, how, tower…ou out, loud, about, loud, doubt, mouth, house, mouse…ore more, bored, forecast, forehead, core…2. Guide the students to listen to the proverbs and repeat. Notice the pronunciation of the letters in bold.1. The early bird catches the worm.2. Always prepare for a rainy day.3. Actions speak louder than words.4. All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.5. Distance tests a horse’s strength. Time reveals a person's character.Period 2 Reading and Thinking教学目标与核心素养：1. Let students master useful words and phrases related to the text;2. Let students understand the challenges Adam meets in his new schooland compare the similarities and differences of their school and Adam’s;3. Help the students finish vocabulary exercises in the text book.4. Get students to understand they should learn to face difficultiesand challenges in senior high school for their own future.教学重难点：Importance:Help the students to master key words and phrases in the text.Guide students to compare school life in different places.3. Guide the students to learn about Adam’s school life and understand that everyone should overcome difficulties in a new situation.Difficulty:Guide the students compare their school life and Adam’s, and discussways to deal with challenges.课前准备：1.Ask the students to prepare new words and phrases related to the contents of the text.2.Mark the new words in the textbook, understand the meaning in context, or consult the dictionary to understand the meaning.教学过程：Step 1 Preparationfreshman ___________ junior high school ___________ Senior high school___________confusing ___________ choose courses___________ signup___________extra-curricular activities___________ hand out ___________ homeless people___________in the community ___________ get used to doing___________ keep upwith ___________challenge _________ topic________ fluent _________ graduate ________recommend ___________ literature_________ obviously_________quit_________be responsible for _________ schedule_________ editor_________Step 2 Warming upCompare school life in different placesActivity 1Guide the students to take part in the group work and discuss schoollife in and out of China.Ask Ss to work in groups and discuss the questions.What do you want to know about the school life in other countries?Possible answers:I want to know whether they take extra courses during summer or winter vocations.I wonder if they have enough free time to develop their own interests.I am interested in what subjects they study at school.…What would you tell a teenager from another country about school lifein China？I am happy to come to my new school and know a lot of new friends.Our teachers are patient and helpful.I feel a little worried about my study because I have more subjectsto learn.…Activity 2Read the text quickly to find the main idea of each paragraph.Guide the students to read the text quickly and fill in the blanks in this part.Possible answers:Paragraph1：Senior high school is a Challenge.Paragraph2：It is important to choose courses.Paragraph3：Extra-curricular activities are also important.Paragraph4：A senior high student must work harder and be more responsible.Step3 Intensive readingActivity 3Read the text again and answer the questions.Guide the students to read the text carefully and find the answers to the following questions.What causes did Adams choose? Which one do you think would be his favorite? Why?What does “make the team” in paragraph mean?What is Adam worried about?Is Adam confident that he will get used to senior school life? How do you know?Possible answers:Adam chooses Math, English chemistry, world history and Chinese. I think. English advanced literature is his favorite because he likes English, and he is good at it.It means joining the football team.He is worried that he can’t keep up with other students in his advanced course and get used to all the homework.Yes, he is. On the one hand, Adam knows that he has to study harderas a senior school student to be well prepared for his future. On the other hand, Adam knows that school advisers and teacher can give him help when he is faced with problems.Activity 4Complete the outline. Then discuss the questions below with a partner.Get the students to work in pairs and fill in the blanks after discussing the questions carefully. Encourage the students to find clues from the text.Guide the students to discuss the following questions and encourage them to answer the questions according to Adam’s story and their own situation.What kind of person do you think Adam is? Why?Do you face the same challenges as Adams? What other challenges areyou facing?What are some differences between Adam’s school and your school life?Possible answers:Adam is clear-minded and responsible for himself. When he chooses courses, he knows his advantages。