2011届高考英语语法要点复习教案6
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语法专题专题一冠词I、重点难点解析冠词是一种虚词,放在名词的前面,帮助说明名词的含义历年高考试题对冠词的考查涉及到冠词的位置、不定冠词、定冠词、零冠词及固定搭配中的冠词等各个方面。
下面我们以表格的形式对前四个方面进行总结,1. 冠词的位置2.不定冠词3. 定冠词4. 零冠词5. 英语中含有冠词的词组辩析英语中有不少词组,从形式看好象只有冠词之差,而实际上却是意义完全不同的新词组。
1. in front of 在……(外)的前面; in the front of 在……(内)的前面There’s a garden in front of the classroom.There’s a blackboard in the front of the classroom.2. in charge of 掌管;负责; in the charge of 在……负责之下An experienced worker is in charge of the project.The project is in the charge of an experienced worker.3. at table 在用饭;吃饭时; at the table 在桌旁He seldom talks at table.They sat at the table, talking and laughing.4. by day 白天;日间; by the day 按日计He works in an office by day.Cleaning women in big cities get paid by the day.5. take place 发生;举行; take the place 代替;接替When did this conversation take place?Electric train has now taken the place of steam trains in England.6. in words 用言语; in a word 总之Please express your thought in words.In a word, I don’t trust you.7. at times 有时;不时; at a time 一次I do feel a little nervous at times.Pass me the bricks two at a time.8. little 少;不多的; a little 一些;一点点Hurry up, there’s little time left.Don’t hurry, you still have a little time.9. few 很少;几乎没有的; a few 有些;几个He is a man of few words.Only a few of the children can read.10.a most interesting 非常有趣的; the most interesting 最有趣的(形容词的最高级)This is a most interesting story.This is the most interesting story of the three.11.a doctor and nurse 一位医生兼护士; a doctor and a nurse 一位医生和一位护士A doctor and nurse is standing there.A doctor and a nurse are standing there.12.A number of 许多;好些; the number of …(的)数目A number of students are in the classroom.The number of students in the classroom is forty.II、实战演练(一).用适当的冠词填空,不需要的划“\”.1.---Hello, could I speak to Mr. Smith?---Sorry, wrong number. There isn't______ Mr. Smith here.2. I know you don't like _______ music very much. But what do you think of _______ music in the film we saw yesterday?3. --- I knocked over my coffee cup. It went right over ______ keyboard.--- You shouldn't put drinks near ________ computer.4. Of all _______ reasons for my decision to become a university professor, my father's advice was _______ most important one.5. According to _________World Health Organization, health care plans are needed in all big cities to prevent _________ spread of AIDS.6.. For him ____ stage is just ___ means of making a living.7. I think it really _______ honor for me to speak here..8. This lab used to be in _______ charge of Mr. Wang.9 I know there is ______ Mr. Smith next door, who has gone on ________ business.10 He devotes most of his time to _______ football. And I am sure he promises ________ excellent footballer.11 Don’t lose heart. Please have ______ sec ond try.12 Those who are rich should help ______ poor.13 When stealing the thief was caught by ______ arm by a policeman.14 In some factories workers get paid by ______ piece.15 It is a bad habit to go to work without ______ breakfast.16 John is _______ university student from ______ European country.17 Teachers play _______ active and important part in building up students’ character.18 _______ Zhangs live on the second floor.19 Cotton is grown in _______ north of China.20 It is known to us all that _______ light travels faster than _______ sound.21 A tower is seen in _______ distance.22In case of fire please press _______ red button.23 Shenzhen has ________ population of more than 10 million.24_______ days I spent with Catherine in Beijing were so wonderful.25A bullet hit the solider and he was wounded in ______ leg.26He loved writing and his first novel was ______ great success when it came out.27 My brother was born in _______ spring of 1990.28 Mr. Smith is ______ most learned scholar and you can turn to him for help.29 How sweetly she sings! I have never heard _______ better voice.30 Beijing is ______ second largest city in China.31 My trip to Tibet was really ________ unforgettable experience.32 This watch is _______ 18th century watch, which has been passed down from my great grandpa.第3 页共61 页(二)语法填空在括号中填入适当的冠词There once was a king who offered 1 prize to 2 artist who would paint 3 best picture of peace. Many artist tried. The king looked at all 4 pictures. But there were only two he really liked, and he had to choose between them.One picture was of a calm lake. The lake was a perfect mirror for peaceful high mountains all around it. Overhead was a blue sky with fluffy white clouds. All who saw this picture thought it was 5 perfect picture of peace.The other picture had mountains, too. But these were rugged and bare. Above was 6 angry sky, from which rain fell and in which lightning played. Down 7 side of the mountain tumbled(翻腾) a foaming(水泡) waterfall. This did not look peaceful at all.But when the king looked closely, he saw behind 8 waterfall a tiny bush growing in a crack in the rock. In the bush 9 mother bird had built her nest. There, in the midst of the rush of angry water, sat the mother bird on her nest-in perfect peace.The king chose 10 second picture.答案:I 1 a 2 /; the 3 the; a 4. the; the 5 the; the 6 the; a 7 an 8 the 9 a; / 10 /; an 11 a12 the 13 the 14 the 15 the 16 a; a 17 an 18 The 19 the 20 /; / 21 the 22the 23 a 24 The 25the 26a 27the 28a 29a 30 the 31 an 32 anII 1 a 2 the 3 the 4. the 5 a 6 an 7 the 8 the 9 a 10. the专题二名词I、重点难点解析名词的高考命题导向名词的“可数”与“不可数”是高考命题的热点之一。
高考英语总复习教案高考英语总复习教案七篇高考英语总复习教案如何写?因材施教,依据教学目标和内容选择合适的教学方法,重视启发式、争论式、参加式教学方法的运用,促进同学的全面进展和共性进展;下面是我为大家带来的高考英语总复习教案七篇,盼望大家能够喜爱!高考英语总复习教案篇11.保质保量做好集体备课要真正提高高三英语的教学质量,没有全都的奋斗目标,没有共同的努力和集体的才智,那只不过是一句空话而已。
集体备课要做到:集体研讨,统一教学进度,教学目标,重点和难点,教学案一体化。
大家争论教材的重点难点,相互补充,然后写出教案,使得教学案更加充实和完善。
分工合作,主要是备课和收集资料分工。
2.复习与学新课相结合高三不同于高一、高二班级,在同学不断接受新的语言学问、增加新的语言信息的同时,要兼顾到以前所学旧学问的归纳复习。
我们将强化重要的语法学问,为同学预备一些特地的语法项目,列出有代表性的常规题目和较简单的特别状况给同学练习。
同时在教学过程中,精选泛读材料,扩高校生的词汇量。
通过由新翻旧,以旧带新,近义,反义,词形,搭配等各个方面来扩大词汇量,将词汇的雪球越滚越大。
老师要实行必要的手段,如听写或再现认读的方式进行检查,以巩固同学的词汇量。
3.精选练习,精讲精练练习的题不在于多,不能搞题海战术,我们老师应当精选练习。
选的题目应当具有典型性,系统性,通过做题关心同学建构学问体系,领悟内在的规律,做到能举一反三。
老师要精讲,讲共性的问题,多给时间同学思索、整理、归纳、消化然后加以巩固。
阅读材料有肯定的难度,我们从中精选一部分练习让同学操练,提高同学的实战。
4.加强听力、写作训练与指导,合理支配综合训练只有多听多练才可能有好的成果。
在听的过程中,加强对听力的指导:(1)先讨论听力材料,猜测听力内容。
(2)师生共同争论,仔细讨论试题。
(3) 要带着问题去听。
(4) 要敢于舍弃,真正不会的马上放弃。
我们利用《国标英语》和英语周报上的听力材料对同学听力进行集中训练。
高三英语教案:《语法知识名词复习》教学设计本文题目:高三英语教案:语法学问名词复习教案1、名词名词可以分为专出名词和一般名词,专出名词是某个(些)人,地方,机构等专有的名称,如Beijing,China等。
一般名词是一类人或东西或是一个抽象概念的名词,如:book,sadness等。
一般名词又可分为下面四类:1)个体名词:表示某类人或东西中的个体,如:gun。
2)集体名词:表示若干个个体组成的集合体,如:family。
3)物质名词:表示无法分为个体的实物,如:air。
4)抽象名词:表示动作、状态、品质、感情等抽象概念,如:work。
个体名词和集体名词可以用数目来计算,称为可数名词,物质名词和抽象名词一般无法用数目计算,称为不行数名词。
归纳一下,名词的分类可以下图表示:名词专出名词不行数名词一般名词物质名词抽象名词集体名词可数名词个体名词1.1 名词复数的规章改变状况构成方法读音例词一般状况加 -s 清辅音后读/s/ map-maps浊辅音和元音后读 /z/ bag-bags /car-cars以s, sh, ch, x等结尾加 -es 读 /iz/ bus-buses/watch-watches以ce, se, ze,等结尾加 -s 读 /iz/ license-licenses以辅音字母+y结尾变y 为i再加es 读 /z/ baby---babies1.2 其它名词复数的规章改变1) 以y结尾的专出名词,或元音字母+y 结尾的名词变复数时,挺直加s变复数。
如:two Marys the Henrysmonkey---monkeys holiday---holidays2) 以o 结尾的名词,变复数时:a. 加s,如: photo---photos piano---pianosradio---radios zoo---zoos;b. 加es,如:potato--potatoes tomato--tomatoesc. 上述a和b两种方法均可,如zero---zeros / zeroes。
2011届高考英语倒装语法复习高中英语语法之倒装倒装是一种语法手段,用于表示一定的句子结构或强调某一句子成分。
倒装句有两种:完全倒装和部分倒装。
完全倒装)完全倒装即把整个谓语放到主语之前(是整个谓语动词,而非助动词)。
例如:Inaetheteaherandthelassbegan(老师走了进来,然后开始上课。
)2)there引出的完全倒装句:除了最常见的therebe句型以外,there还可以接appear,exist,lie,reain,seetbe,stand等,一般都译成"有"的含义,构成完全倒装句。
例如:Thereappearedtbeaaninblainthedistane(远处有个穿黑色衣服的人。
)3)由地点和时间副词引出的完全倒装句:以地点副词here,there 和时间副词n,then开头,后面的动词是be,e,exist,fall,fll,g,lie,reain,see,stand等,而主语又是名词时,构成完全倒装句。
Uplibedthebhenhistherae4)表示运动方向的副词或地点状语置于句首,谓语表示运动的动词且主语是名词时使用完全倒装utrushedaissilefrunderthebber轰炸机肚底下窜出一枚导弹。
utherushed注意:)在here,there引出的倒装句中,当主语是普通名词时用完全倒装句,但当主语是代词时,就要用部分倒装句。
例:Hereesthepstan!(邮递员终于来了!注意实意谓语动词位于主语之前。
)Hereeare(我们到了。
注意系动词位于主语代词之后。
)2)当主语是代词,谓语是系动词,表语是说明性的词、词组和定语从句时,可以使用完全倒装句,起强调作用。
例:Luishehhasbeenenrlledintafausuniversit(他真幸运,被一所名牌大学录取了。
)Tpialfrhinaisthersstalshhereapairfediansentertainstheaudien eithrdpla(中国典型的是相声表演,两个喜剧演员通过文字游戏逗乐观众)s5u2部分倒装)部分倒装即只把谓语的一部分(如助动词、情态动词等)放到主语前,或把句子的强调成分提前。
高中英语语法专题复习教案大全(15个教案)语法复习专题一——名词一、考点聚焦1。
可数名词单、复数变化形式(1)规则变化.①单数名词词尾直接加—s。
如:boy —boys,pen —pens。
②以s、x 、ch 、sh结尾的单词一般加-es。
如:glass —glasses,box—boxes,watch —watches, brush —brushes.特例:stomach —stomaches。
③以“辅音字母+ y”结尾的变“y"为“i"再加“—es"。
如:baby —babies,lady - ladies,fly —flies。
④以“o"结尾的多数加—es。
如:tomato —tomatoes, potato —potatoes, hero - heroes。
但以两个元音字母结尾的名词和部分外来词中以o结尾的词只加-s。
如:radio —radios, zoo —zoos, photo —photos,piano —pianos, kilo —kilos,tobacco —tobaccos。
⑤以“f”或“fe”结尾的名词复数形式变“f”或“fe”为“v",之后再加—es.如:wife—wives,life —lives,knife - knives,wolf- wolves, self —selves,leaf —leaves等.特例:handkerchief- handkerchiefs, roof —roofs,chief —chiefs,gulf —gulfs,belief —beliefs, cliff - cliffs.⑥改变元音字母的。
如:man - men, mouse —mice, foot —feet,woman —women, tooth —teeth,goose —geese, ox —oxen。
特例:child —children.⑦复合名词的复数形式。
2011高考英语语法教案:省略与高考英语中有时为了避免重复,使语言简练紧凑,在不损害句子结构或不引起误解的原则下,往往省去一个或多个句子成分或词语。
英语中的省略有两种:一是替代省略,即用其他词代替句子中重复或相同的部分;二是结构省略。
即根据语境需要,承前或后省略句子中相同的某些句子成分。
这类题型在历届高考试题中屡见不鲜。
一、替代省略1.用it, one, that替代句子中重复出现的名词、代词或句子。
one是指代同名称的另一样东西(同类异物),代替前面句子中重复出现的可数名词;that替代特指可数或不可数名词,后面常跟有in或of短语作后置定语;it指代同名称的同样事物(同类同物)。
[高考链接]1) Meeting my uncle after all these years was an unforgettable moment, ______ I always treasure.A. thatB. oneC. itD. what析:正确答案是B. one代替泛指的an unforgettable moment,在句中作同位语,起补充说明的作用.I will always treasure 是定语从句修饰one.2) -Why don't you take a break?-Didn't we just have _____?A. itB. thatC. oneD. this析:由题干分析,代词指代的是前面的 a break,为单数泛指概念,故答案为C. one代替泛指的单数名词,相当于"a / an+单数名词".若替代前面提到的泛指复数名词要用ones,替代特指复数名词则用those或the ones.3) Equipped with modern facilities, today's libraries differ greatly from ________.A. those of the pastB. the pastC. which of the pastD. these past析:答案是A. those代替the libraries.2.在两个分句中,当两者(人或物)情况或意思完全相同,第二个分句用so, neither, nor, either等引出时,出现省略现象,其中neither, nor, so还可引起倒装结构,表示"也不……"、"也……"。
英语:2011高考一轮复习教案(units3-4)(新人教版选修6)一. 重点单词1. due adj. 到期(应付给或举行等)The dictionary of the tenth edition is due to be published next month.due to由于;因…造成, 归功于; 应给予, 应属于Due to the foggy weather, the traffic moved very slowly.The failure is due to his carelessness.The sum of $20 is due to you as a bonus.考点例题:翻译:计划失败是由于管理不善。
The failure of the scheme _________ ____________ _________ bad management.2. accustomed adj. 惯常的; 习惯于He took his accustomed seat by the window.拓展:accustom… to …sth. 使……习惯于The animals in the zoo have accustomed themselves to the life confined to a small place.注意:be accustomed to = be used to sth. 习惯于……You will soon get accustomed to the weather here.考点例题:翻译:你会很快适应这里的气候。
You will soon ____________ _____________ _____________ the climate here.3. manage(1)v. 负责; 管理; 经营manage a shop/ a business 管理商店/企业manage the personnel department负责人事部manage money理财(2)vt. &vi. 做成; 应付Do you think we can manage without him?manage to do sth. = succeed in doing sth. 设法做到; 成功做到Do you suppose you can manage to get a passport?拓展:manageable adj. 可管理的; 易控制的management n. 管理; 经营manager n. 经理; 管理人, 经纪人manageress n. 女管理人考点例题:A big fire broke out in the famous hotel, but fortunately all of customers __________ escape from the hotel.A. possible toB. canC. managed toD. succeeded in4. quantity n. 量, 大小; 数量His reputation as a painter depends more on quality than quantity.a large quantity of = large quantities of 许多(修饰可数和不可数名词)注意:当修饰不可数名词作主语时,谓语与quantity的单复数一致(同:a large amount of= large amounts of) Large quantities of information have been collected.This hotel buys a vast quantity of meat every day.拓展:in quantity大量地It’s cheaper to buy goods in quantity.二. 重点短语1. take a risk/risks冒险I know that I am taking a risk, but it is all worthwhile.拓展at risk处于危险中If you take drug, you put your life at risk.risk doing sth. 冒险做某事No one would risk putting all his money in the stock market like you.run the risk (of doing sth. )冒着……的风险He ran the risk of being trapped in the fire.考点例题:1)他冒着自己的生命危险救了我的命。
2011年高考英语语法复习教案-情景交际(合集五篇)第一篇:2011年高考英语语法复习教案-情景交际高考语法专题:情景交际-------李在刚1.交际项目一般体现在40个常见的语言功能项目中,重点考查相互介绍、打电话、表达欣赏、征询意见、看法、意见、预测、劝说等。
2.干扰项的设置主要考虑了以下三点:(1)中西方不同的思维方式;(2)交际功能不同,但字面意思相近的表达;(3)重交际规则(如约定俗成、礼貌得体的表达),轻语法规则(是否符合语法规则)。
高考新剖析1.—Poor Steve!I could hardly recognize him just now!—____________.He has changed so much.[2009年高考山东卷]A.Never mindB.No problemC.Not at allD.Me neither Key: D2.—We’re organizing a party next Saturday, and I’d like you to come.—____________!I have another one that day.Thank you just the same.[2009年高考天津卷]A.Good luckB.What a pityC.Never do it againD.Well done3.—Putting on a happy face not only helps us make friends but also makes us feel better.—____________.[2009年高考天津卷]A.I’d love toB.I’m with you on thatC.It’s up to youD.It’s my pleasure4.—Hey, you haven’t been acting like yourself.EverythingOK?—____________.[2009年高考浙江卷]A.I’m fine, thanksB.Sure, it isC.That’s goodD.It’s OK 5.—Do you want another drink?—____________.[2009年高考浙江卷]A.I don’t think soB.No wayC.Not at allD.I wouldn’t say no Key: BBAD6.____________,the pay isn’t attractive enough, though the job itself is quite interesting.[2009年高考浙江卷]A.Generally speakingB.On the contraryC.In particularD.To be honest 7.—You are confident about the job interview, aren’t you?—____________.I’m well prepared and feel I’ve got everything they need.[2009年高考重庆卷]A.Sure, I amB.It’s hard to sayC.I hope soD.Well, maybe 8.—Ken, ____________ ,but your TV is going too loud.—Oh, I’m sorry.I’ll turn it down right now.[2009年高考重庆卷]A.I’d like to talk with youB.I’m really tired of thisC.I hate to say thisD.I need your help Key: DAC9.— Could you be so kind as to close the window?—____________.[2009年高考安徽卷]A.With pleasureB.Go aheadC.Yes, pleaseD.That’s OK10.—Thank you for your MP4 player.I’ll get Mary to take it to you soon.—____________.I’ve bought a new one.[2009年高考江西卷]A.No senseB.No hurryC.No wayD.No use 11.—It looks heavy.Can I give you a hand?—____________.[2009年高考全国卷Ⅰ]A.No, thanksB.Yes, my pleasureC.No, never mindD.Yes, I do 12.—Is it OK if I take this seat?—Sorry, _________.[2009年高考辽宁卷]A.here you areB.take itC.it’s takenD.never mind Key: ABAC13.—Bill, can I get you anything to drink?—____________.[2009年高考江苏卷]A.You are welcomeB.No problemC.I wouldn’t mind a coffeeD.Doesn’t matter14.—I just can’t stop worrying about the result of the job interview.—____________.There is nothing you can do now but wait.[08天津卷]A.RelaxB.Go aheadC.Go for itD.Good luck 15.—I have some big news for you.You’ve been accepted as a member of our club.—_________That’s a great![2008年高考安徽卷]A.Have I?B.Pardon?C.Congratulations!D.Good idea!Key: C AA页共 4 页精题新探究1.—You’ve made lots of mistakes in the exam.—____________—I’ll give you a second chance.A.You must be kidding.B.I’m afraid not.C.How come?D.What should I do? 2.—I’m so tired, helping the family with the work in the field.—Why not take a rest, then?—____________.A.Because I have no timeB.Maybe I shouldC.Sorry, I can’t tell you about itD.I don’t know it3.—I’m sorry I can’t go with you.—____________?Haven’t you agreed?A.How is itB.What is itC.Why don’t youD.What do you think Key: DBA4.—Beijing Airport, please.I’l l be there by ten.—____________,but I’ll do my best.A.No problemB.All rightC.I can’t promiseD.It’s impossible5.—I’ll come to see you this afternoon.Shall I bring something to read?—OK, ____________.A.you’re welcomeB.by no meansC.take your timeD.so much the better 6.—I want to go to the library, but I’m afraid I’m not in the right_________.—____________.Go ahead.A.way;No B.distance;NoC.direction;YesD.side;Yes 7.—Excuse me, I’d like some minutes to have a talk with you.—____________?A.What’s onB.What is itC.What ifD.What’s up Key: C DC D8.—It’s a very interesting book.—____________.—And thank you very much for letting me keep it so long.A.I’m glad you like itB.That’s all rightC.Don’t mention itD.I hope you like it 9.—I’ve decided to spend the summer holidays traveling in Australia.—Oh, ____________!A.if only I could go with youB.what good news it isC.how happy I was to hear thatD.how exciting to hear the news 10.—Excuse me!—____________?—Could you tell me how I can get to the first department?A.PardonB.WhyC.YesD.Please.Key: AAC11.—I had a great time in the summer holidays.We went scuba-diving(配戴水肺的潜水)in Hawaii.—Wow!_________A.I’m going to Hawaii, too.B.How generous you are!C.That sounds really cool!D.Enjoy yourself!12.—We really enjoyed ourselves at the party.Thanks again, Mr.and Mrs.Smith.—____________.Just drop in whenever you feel like it.A.Nice having you hereB.Nice to meet you hereC.Our great honorD.With pleasure 13.—Jimmy came close to being killed in a traffic accident the other day.—____________?He was driving carefully all the time.A.WhenB.WhatC.PardonD.How Key: C AB14.—Do you think I can pass the test?—____________,I’m afraid.A.Not a chance B.Of courseC.You canD.A little bit 15.—Next Monday is my birthday.—Is that so? _________—Thank you.A.I don’t believe so.B.I’m so glad.C.What presents do you need?D.Many happy returns of the day!Key: AD第二篇:高三英语语法教案:情景交际.doc高三英语语法教案:情景交际分类说明对情景交际的考查是英语高考中的一种潮流。
完形填空(Cloze)又称综合填空,其命题原理是格式塔心理学。
格式塔心理学强调整体感知和对文章从语义上的整体把握。
一篇完形填空测试考生的重点和考查初衷,这与短文的空格设计密切相关。
如果空格要求学生填入连词、介词、冠词等,则空格为功能性空格;如果要求填入名词、形容词、动词等实义词,则空格为语义空格。
从近几年的高考试题看,完形填空以语义空格为主,语法部分的内容已经弱化为对词法的考查。
完形填空的空格分为四种类型:词内项、词间项、句内项、句间项, 难度是逐渐上升的。
在十五道题中,平均的数量比例是2:3:5:5。
一、近年高考完形填空题的命题趋势和新题动向
1.阅读量逐年提高,阅读时间减少。
《高考考纲》要求完形填空题篇幅为一段约200-250单词的文章,不过自1998年起高考完形填空在词数上(1998年294词)都超过260个单词;2002年高考完形填空题词数为274词,答题时间由原来的18分钟减少为15分钟,这在阅读难度及速度上都对考生提出了更高的要求。
2.生词量有增无减。
2000年以前的高考完形填空题中除人名、地名和部分注释词外,基本上没有生词;但从 2001年开始出现大量不含汉语注释的生词,如在2001年高考完形中出现的生词:
link, MountEverest, Abominable Snowman, occasion, adventure, footprint, prehistory, track 等词;在2002年高考完形中的生词更是令考生料想不到的,不到300词的文章中竟多达10个生词,如:intelligence, auto-repair, counter, hammer(用锤子敲打),
goddamned, uneasy, try...on sb.(愚弄,戏耍某人),creature等词或词组。
这些生词的出现影响了阅读的速度,使学生出现理解偏差或理解困难,从而降低了答题正确率。
3.长句增多,句式灵活,结构复杂。
近几年高考完形材料在句子上突出了对行文逻辑及理解能力方面的考查,在选材上主要表现为长句、复合句增多、句子结构复杂(定语从句、状语从句、插入语等)、句式丰富多样(陈述句、祈使句、省略句、疑问句、感叹句等),极大地增加了阅读难度,限制了学生的理解程度。
如:
The native people said they 38 this creature and called it the"Yeti",and they said that they h ad 39 caught Yetis on two occasions 40 none has ever been produced as evidence. (NME
T2001)
I had an auto-repair man once, who, on these intelligence tests, could not 38 have scored more than 80. (NMET2002)
这就要求考生要善于剖析句子结构,捕捉隐含信息,否则难以正确理解文章内容,进而影响答题正确率。
4.题目设置上单纯语法考查减少,上下文联系考查力度加大,并且以同义词、相似词为典型的迷惑选项增多
近几年《考纲》明确要求加强对考生应用能力的考查,在应用中测试考生运用英语基础知识的能力,这一点在近几年高考完形填空中得到了淋漓尽致的体现。
具体体现在文章在题目设置上相似项增多,迷惑选项较强,考生必须通过寻找上下文隐含信息,感受语境,采用直接和排除等技巧才能找出符合题意的最佳选项。
5.完形填空的第一句都是完整的句子,并且每篇文章都有一个主题。
如果学生能在考试中把握到高考完形填空的这一特点,就能够对文章有初步的了解,树立全局意识,并且对于梳理上下文脉络,抓住文章的主旨也大有裨益。
二、完形填空题的解题方法和高分策略
1. 语义优先于语法原则
由于文章的开头部分一般不设空格,而是对所选短文的题材和可能涉及的内容作简单
的介绍或提示,并且单纯的语法题几乎从该题型中消失,如果一味按照语法规则来选择答案,就陷入了答题误区,因为几乎每一题的四个选项都符合语法规则;理解文章的大意并结合语言结构对每个空格作出正确的判断,方为上策。
2. 词内选项句内找原则
从近几年的高考原题来看,近义词或词组的辨析正成为考试的热点。
四个选择项要么都是词义相近的名词单数或复数,要么都是近义动词的同一时态等,只能根据上下文的语境作出正确的选择。
如果提供的四个选择项词义相差悬殊,则上文或下文肯定有
答题提示,有时第一个空格要读完全文才能回答。
以2003年高考上海卷第一篇完形填空为例,短文开头提到农民们生活艰难,正寻求新的赚钱方式,随后就说“除了种植新品种的谷物外,还有一些赚钱方法,其中最不同寻常的就是赛羊了。
”该考题为空格提供了四个选项,都是形容词性,A项是“共同的,普遍的”;C项是“灵活的”;D项是“非法的”。
只有B项“奇特的”符合上下文的语境。
农民不是靠种植谷物而靠赛羊来赚钱前所未闻,当然是奇特的赚钱方法了。
本题当属句间项考题。
3. 四遍法原则
考生正确的答题步骤应该是:首先跳过空格通读全文,了解短文的大意及文章的体裁,同时将一眼就看出答案的几道题答出;第二遍是答题的关键,考生应一个个地去推敲,切忌按题号顺序答题,不能确定的先跳过去,先易后难是答题原则;第三遍是通篇考虑,把一些上下文联系很强,甚至牵涉到段与段之间逻辑关系的困难空缺填好;第四遍是检查,做完后再通读一遍全文,从整体把握文章的意思,修正与全文不相称的选项。
三、平时的练习方法和提高途径
良好的完形填空成绩主要表现在良好的阅读习惯和良好的语法功底,有人说,"得阅读者得天下"。
完形填空也不例外。
培养自己良好的阅读习惯应做到:
1. 要以意群,语义为单位读,不要逐词逐句地认;
2. 要借助视觉扫读,不要手指唇动或无声心读;
3. 要从头至尾,一气呵成,不要频繁回读;
4. 要直接理解原文,不要逐词逐句地心译;
5. 要利用上下文和构词法猜测生词,推测出句意,不要频繁查阅词典;
6. 逐步扩大视距,要纵式快速阅读,不要横式赏析细读。
高三学生的训练量应保持在一个星期6篇题目,每次完成三篇,时间控制在每篇14
分钟之内。
做题之后注意总结和彻底查清单词的辨义,同时辅以必要的语法书作查缺补漏之用。
完形填空题型只要经过科学的训练,相信同学们会得到长足的进步。
英语完形填空高分全攻略。