定语从句与写作公开课共33页文档

二 定语从句 1. 含义
修饰名词或代词的句子叫定语从句。
定语从句一般紧跟在所修饰的名词或代词 之后。
Mary is a girl who has long hair.
修饰girl
This is the classroom where we study.
修饰classroom •定语从句讲解公开课(22张ppt)
which：指物，作主语或宾语 The man who is speaking at the meeting is a worker. The woman whom they wanted to visit is a teacher.
who：指人，作主语；whom：指人，做宾语 Who’s the boy that is reading a book? Can you show me the photo that you like best?
that：指人或物，作主语或宾语 I know the girl whose mother is a teacher. The house whose windows are closed is mine.
whose：指人或•定物语从，句讲做解公定开课语(22张ppt)
做题技巧： 1. 确定定语从句 2.看先行词是指人还是指物 3. 确定先行词在定语从句中做的成分 4. 确定关系代词
5. The factory _th_a_t__ makes computers is far away from here. Which/
6. He likes to read books _t_h_a_t__ are written by Shakespeare.
7. This is the pen _W__h_i_c_h_/ he bought yesterday. that•定语从句讲解公开课(22张ppt)

3. Is this the novel __(t_h_a_t/_w_h_ic_h_) you introduced to me? 4. Where is the boy __w_h_o__/t_habtroke the
window?
5. Luckily none of the people__(_th_a_t_/w_h_o_m)
is a famous writer.
第十四页，共73页。
5.一听到那个消息，那个名字叫Tom的男生刚才潸然 泪下。
6.封皮是蓝色的那本书不见了。
7.这就是我出生的村庄。
8.我永远不会忘记我哥哥参军的那一天。
9.你相信他迟到的理由吗？
5.At the sound of the news,the boy whose name is
▐ 在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做
. 定语从句 被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。
He is an English teacher who likes singing songs.
先行词 定语从句
引导词
引导词
关系代词 :who﹑whom﹑that﹑which﹑whose
第四页，共73页。
关系副词:where﹑when﹑why
in the village.
A．their
B．whose
C．of them
D．with whom
第二十页，共73页。
2.只用Which引导的定语从句。
常规情况下：which在从句做主语或宾语，但 介词提前时，只用which。
The building which/that stands near the river is our school.(主语）

定语从句在写作中的 运用公开课
目录
• 引言 • 定语从句的基本概念 • 定语从句在写作中的应用 • 定语从句的写作技巧 • 定语从句的实例分析 • 练习与巩固
01
引言
主题简介
01 介绍定语从句的概念和功能
02 阐述定语从句在英语写作中的重要性
课程目标
掌握定语从句的基本结构和用法 01
学习如何在写作中运用定语从句提升表达效果 02
详细描述
在写作中，我们经常需要描述各种名词，如人、事物、地点等。定语从句可以用来对这些名词进行修饰，提供更 多的信息，使读者对名词有更深入的了解。例如，“我喜欢那个来自上海的女孩”，其中“来自上海的”就是一 个定语从句，修饰名词“女孩”，使读者明白这个女孩来自上海。
描述名词短语
总结词
定语从句也可以用来修饰名词短语，对名词短语的组成进行详细说明。
03 小组讨论三
分享一些常见的定语从句错误，并探讨如何避免 这些错误。
教师点评与总结
教师点评一
对每个学生的写作练习进行点评， 指出优点和不足之处，给出改进 建议。
教师点评二
总结小组讨论的成果，强调定语从 句在写作中的重要性和运用技巧。
教师点评三
总结本次公开课的内容，强调巩固 和运用定语从句的方法和技巧，鼓 励学生在日常写作中多加练习。
常见错误分析
总结词
关系代词使用不当
详细描述
常见错误之一是关系代词使用不当，如“The book which I read yesterday is very interesting.”中的 “which”应改为“that”。
总结词
缺少关系代词或关系副词
详细描述
另一个常见错误是缺少关系代词或关系副词，如“The book I read yesterday is very interesting.”应添加 “that”作为关系代词。

Attributive Clause 定语从句
复合句 = 主句
+
一个主谓结构是句子 的主要部分（主句）
定语从句
另一个或一个以上的主谓结构 只在句子中作某个成分（定语）
I know the man （who is under the tree）关. 系代
主句 主句 主语 谓语
从句 主语
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
从句 谓语
词有哪 些呢？
概述
定语从句（THE ATTRABUTIVE CLAUSE）在中学英 语学习中是比较复杂却又是运用广泛的一种从句形 式, 因而正确理解定语从句在单项选择、完形填空、 阅读理解、短文改错以及书面表达中都非常重要， 因为定语从句的掌握好坏直接影响到考生们对于复 杂的复合句的理解能力。定语从句是中学英语教学 的重点，也是学生学习的难点，同时又是高考考查 的热点。纵观近年各地高考试题，对定语从句的考 查不单纯考查其语法结构，而是把它融入到一定的 语境中，考查考生的实际综合运用能力，因此掌握 这一语法现象十分重要。
a lot? ▪ 4. Do you like the book about which she often
talks? ▪ 5. He built a telescope through which he could
study the skies.
几种易混的情况
1.The way___th_a_t__/ _w_h_i_c_h_/省___ he explained was simple.
1.I don’t like the people (who/ that )smoke a lot.
2.The eggs ( Which/that) I bought yesterday were bad. 3.The noodles, ( which )you cooked for me, were delicious.

29
Translate the following sentences.
1.我总是会参观一些博物馆，这些博物馆 于拓宽视野、丰富知识来说是不应错过的。 2.你知道，中国结非常受中国人的喜欢。(Chinese knot） 3.当今，父母为他们的独生子女做所有的事情， 这使得这些独生子女非常依赖于父母。 4.人们可以一边吃月饼一边赏月，月饼是这个节日的 特殊食品。
24
正如上面所提到的，定语从句用处很大。
As i_s_m__e_n_t_io_n_e_d__a_b_o_v_e, the Attributive Clause is of great use.
25
•如上所述，我支持后者的观点。 in favor of I, as is mentioned above, am in favor of the
定语从句在写作的简单应用
Using Attributive Clause in Writing
1
学“习”语，知典故
Enjoy the nice sayings & translate
•Heaven rewards those who work hard, and flowers in spring come to fruition in autumn.
People will try to go home for the family reunion.主句
Peowphloe work far from their homes.
从句
2fo) rPtTehoeippflae1mw:ihl写yorwe出uonr两kiofna个r. fr简om单the句ir homes
定从的使用情况
20
•一： 两个（以上）简单句的合并

在定从中作成13一关系代词作定从的主语宾语作主语时丌可省略指代先行词1314作定从的宾语可省略指代先行词1415作定从的主语戒宾语指物作宾语可省略指代先行词1516作定从的主语戒宾语指物戒人作宾语可省略指代先行词1617作定从的定语指物戒人丌可省略指代先行词17她父母丌想把女儿嫁给一个家境贫穷的男人
作定从的原因状语
3. why 指原因,在从句中表示"因为... 原因"=for which
I disappro先ve行th词e为reraesaosnosn_A_D__ he came up with.
A. that B. why C. for which D. / 因此先行词虽然为reason,但如果连接 词在从句中作主语或者宾语,则只能用
can fly.
A plane is a machine the machine can fly.
A plane is
can fly.
a machine that /which
关系代词实际上是先行词的复 指,that/which代指先行词machine。
第6页/共94页
Think and conclude
(1)
(2)
He gave a reason. people like music for the reason.
=for which =why
他给了一个（人们喜欢音乐的）原因。
第23页/共94页
3. I he
don't looks
know the unhappy.
reasoBnC____
A. that B. why C. for which D. /
A. who B.作w定hi从ch的C主. 语w/h宾e语re D.

why的用法
用于修饰表示原因的名词，在从 句中充当原因状语。例如：I don't know the reason why he was late for class.
关系副词与介词的选用
当关系副词与介词连用时，通常选用与先行词最相关的介词，以使句子更加自然 流畅。例如：I will never forget the day on which I met my future wife.
语义差异
定语从句用于修饰主句中的名词或代词，而并列句中的各个主句之间是并列关系，没有 修饰与被修饰的关系。
PART 06
定语从句的实际应用
写作中如何运用定语从句
总结词
丰富句式、准确表达
详细描述
在写作中，定语从句可以用来修饰名词或代词，使句子更 加丰富和具体。例如，“我喜欢那个买书的男孩”可以扩 展为“我喜欢那个穿着蓝色衣服在书店里买书的男孩”。
例如
The man who is standing there is my teacher. (修饰名词man的关系词 who引导的句子就是定语从句)
定语从句的作用
补充说明
定语从句可以用来补充说明先行词的属性、特征或身份等。
例如
I like the book that was written by my favorite author. (补充说明先行词 book的属性)
PART 02
关系代词引导的定语从句
who/which/that的用法
who
用于指代人的先行词，在从句中充当主语。
Example
The person who won the award is a wellknown actor.
which

2). a. I made a promise __th_a_t__ if anyone set me free, I would make him very rich.
b. The mother made a promise _t_h_a_t_/w__h_ic_h__ pleased all her children.
from the south of China, enjoy rice very much.
7. Can you think of a situation _w_h_e_r_e_ this
idiom is used?
= in which
8. _A_s__ is often the case, teachers in our
几种易混的情况
1. I’ll never forget the days _w_h_e_n__/i_n_w__h_i_ch_ we worked together.
2. I’ll never forget the days _w_h_i_c_h_ we spent together. 及物动词
3. I went to the place _w_h_e_r_e_/_i_n_w__h_ic_h_ I worked ten years ago.
dead rules.
A. Which B. What C. That
D. As
5. We do the same work _____ they do.
A. which B. as C. than
D. like
考点四：什么情况下 whose和of which不能互换?
1. 先行词是人时，只能用whose, 不能用of which It’s the first time the boy _w__h_o_s_e_ father is an engineer has paid a visit to our school.

• 关系词
引导定语从句的关联词。
China is a country that has a long history. that
关系词包括两类： 关系代词： that, which, who, whom, whose, as 关系副词： where, when, why
二、关系词在从句中的作用： 1. 引导定语从句； 2. 关系词本身没有词义，代替先行词 的词义； 3. 必须充当定语从句中的一个成分.
**根据在定语从句中所充当的成分将引 导定语从句的关系词分为： 关系代词和关系副词。
三. 关系词的用法： （一）引导定语从句的关系代词有: who, whom, whose, that, which, as。 在定语从句中充当主语、宾语、表 语、定语(whose)等成分。
二、定语从句的做题步骤(三部 曲)
Alley.
A. which
C. that C
B. what
D. as
A 3.This is all____I know about the matter. A.that B.what C.who D. whether 4.The last place _____we visited was the Great B Wall. A. which B. that C. where D. it
e.g. The only thing that he
remembered was her name.
他唯一记得的东西是她的名字。
3）先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级修 饰时。 e.g. This is the first film that I’ve
seen since I came here.
这是我来到这里以来看的第一部电影。

定语从句中做什么语法成分（主语，宾语， 定语或状语） • 4.若先行词在从句中做主语、宾语或定语则 选择关系代词，若在从句中做状语，则选择 关系副词。
Have you got it?
1、Do you know the man ___ is talking with
your father?
A. whose
I know the girl whose mother is a teacher.
作定语
I know the girl. 分解
The girl’s mother is a teacher.
I have a book whose cover is yellow.
关系词whose实际上是先行词的所有格
The Attributive Clause
定语从句
Which one is Harry Porter ? The boy is Harry Porter
Which one is Harry Porter ?
定语从句
The boy __w_h__o__is__w__e_a_r_in__g_g__la__s_s_eiss
④ 先行词被the only, the very, the same, the
last修饰时。
Who is the girl that is standing under the
tree?
Which is the machine that we used last Sunday.
⑤ 主句已有who或which时
poor.
√A. where
B. who
C. when
关系副词where，先行词指地点，where在定
语从句中作地点状语