三、动词的时态及语态
I 时态
时态考查项目
1 过去完成时
2 现在完成进行时
3 将来完成时
4 一般现在时(用于表示客观事实/科学真理)
答题依据: 句中时间状语
主从句谓语动词的先后关系
语境
时态的呼应(the sequence of tenses)
时态呼应是指从句中谓语动词的时态因受主句中谓语动词时态的影响而须采用一定的时态，从而达到两者在逻辑关系上的一致。
（一）主句谓语动词的时态为现在时或将来时，
从句谓语动词根据实际情况可用各种时态
She says she is a college student.
she was a college student.
she will be a college student.
Has he told you when he is to leave for Beijing?
Will you tell me when you finished the work?
（二）主句谓语动词用过去时态
1 若从句谓语动词的动作与主句谓语动词的动作同时发生，
从句用一般过去时或过去进行时
She told me she was a teacher.
He said he was studying English.
2 若从句谓语动词的动作发生在主句谓语动词的动作之前，从句用过去完成时或过去完成进行时
She explained to me that she had made the mistake chiefly
out of carelessness.
Betty said that she had been waiting for my call.
3 若从句谓语动词的动作发生在主句谓语动词的动作之后，从句用过去将来时、过去将来进行时或过去将来完成时。
He said that he would come back the next day.
She said that she would be setting off on the 10 o’clock train.
He told them that he would have finished by six o’clock.
4 若从句谓语动词的动作发生在主句谓语动词的动作之前，但从句中有表示某一具体时间的状语，从句用一般过去时。
He told me that he was born in 1959.
My mother told me that my grandfather went to Germany in 1917.
5 若从句说明的是客观事实或科学真理，现在依然成立，从句用一般现在时。
Our teacher said that the earth is round and it goes round the sun.
（三）主、从句动作都是将来时，但在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，从句谓语动词用一般现在时代替将来时，主句仍用一般将来时。
I will be a teacher when I grow up.
What shall we do if it snows?
II语态
语态: 主动语态和被动语态
（一）被动语态考查项目: (1) 被动语态进行式
(2) 被动语态完成式
(3) 不定式被动式
需要注意: 主动变被动后加to
(二) 具有被动意义的主动结构(即不该用被动语态的情况)
1 在“主语+谓语+宾语+过去分词(作宾补)”结构中
谓语动词为使役动词或感官动词
Eg. I had the machine repaired.
I didn’t hear my name called.
2 在“主系表”结构中
Eg. The flowers smell sweet.
The food tastes nice.
3 在“主语+vi. + (adj./adv.)”结构中
vi.有: open, shut, sell, wear, blow, work, move, lock, cook, wash, clean, read, write, draw, make, burn, eat, blame, photograph, etc.
Eg. The goods sells well.
The door blew open.
The door can’t shut/lock.
This material has worn thin.
The food is ready to eat.
This kind of rice cooks quickly.
She doesn’t photograph well.
Danish bacon and egg makes a good meal.
The mother didn’t know who to blame for the broken glass.
4 sth. want/need to be done sb. want (sb.) to do
sth. want/need doing
sth. require doing
sth. be worth doing / be worthy to be done
be worthy of sth.
be worthy of doing
Eg. The house needs/wants repairing.
The book is worth reading.
四、主谓一致
主谓一致：谓语动词在人称和数上与主语一致
（一）主谓一致三原则
1 语法一致原则: 单主→单谓
复主→复谓
2 意义一致原则(1) 单形主→复谓
Eg. The volleyball team are playing magnificently.
The old are respected in China.
(2)复形主→单谓
Eg. This works was built in 1982.
Economics was taught by Prof. Li.
Is the United States a big country?
(3)同一词作主语时单v.时复v.
Eg. All possible means have been adopted.
Every means has been tried.
3 吸引原则
①邻近原则: Neither…nor…
Either… or…
…or…
Not only…but also…
There be 句型
Here引导的句子
Eg. Here is a pen and some pieces of paper for you.
Here are some pieces of paper and a pen for you.
②与第一主语一致
主语后跟: (together) with…
along with…
as well as…
like/unlike…
but/except…
rather than…
as much as…
no less than…
besides…
including…
in addition to…
…not…
等引导的短语时，其谓语动词的单、复数按主语的单、复数定，即与第一主语一致。Eg. An iron and steel works, with some satellite factories, is to be built here.
An expert, together with some assistants, was sent to help in this work.
The room with its furniture was rented.
The teacher as well as the students was excited.
I as well as you am a football fan.
He no less than you is my friend.
I rather than him am to blame.
I, not you, am wrong.
You, not I, are wrong.
No one except my parents knows anything about it. （二）用单数谓语动词的情况
1 each/either/neither/复合不定代词做主语
Eg. Is there anything in the box?
Neither is good.
2 整体看待的数目,时间,价值,重量…等复数n.做主语
Eg. Twenty minutes is not enough.
Three feet is a yard.
Fifteen dollars is the price.
999 is a large number.
3 不可数名词,动名词,不定式,从句做主语
(what从句根据句义定)
What he said is correct.
What he left me are but a few old books.
4 “单数名词+ and +单数名词”结构表示一种概念或事物
如何确定此结构表示一种概念或事物:
第二个名词前无冠词, 第一个名词前可有可没有冠词
Eg. The hammer and sickle was flying over the roof.
A knife and fork was placed before every guest.
The poet and writer is one of my friends.
Butter and bread is usually eaten with smoked salmon.
Truth and honesty is the best policy.
The girl’s teacher and friend is a young doctor.
To love and to be loved is the greatest happiness.
Going to bed early and getting up early is a good habit.
5 形复单义词做主语
headquarters, works, news, 以-ics结尾的学科名词,国名,运动项目
politics / mathematics / physics
the United Nations / the United States
Eg. The news was very exciting.
Their headquarters is at the foot of the mountain.
6 each/every修饰名词做主语
“each/every +单数可数名词+each/every+单数可数名词”结构做主语
Eg. Every hour and every minute is important.
Each boy and each girl wishes to serve the people in the future.
Every man, woman and child is an important being.
7 “more than one +单数可数名词”结构及
“many a +单数可数名词”结构做主语。
但“more +复数名词+than one”结构和“many +复数名词”结构中，谓语动词多用复数形式。
Eg. More than one question was asked.
More members than one are against your plan.
Many a student likes popular songs. =
Many students like popular songs.
8 名词所有格之后的名词被省略，这种情况一般只指商店、工厂、或个人的住宅，做主语时动词一般用单数。如the baker’s, the barbar’s, the carpenter’s, the Zhang’s …
Eg. The doctor’s is on the side of the street.
My uncle’s is not far from here.
注：表示店铺的名词，一般作集体名词看待，但用作主语时，谓语动词往往用复数。Eg. Richardson’s have a lot of imported goods to sells.
9“a series of / a species of + n.”结构作主语时，其谓语动词用单数。
注意：series, species 的单、复数形式相同，如果series, species之前不是“a”，而是“two”
一类的表示复数的词，其谓语动词用复数。
Eg. A series of actions is repeated over and over again.
There are two series of experiments: chemical and physical.
（三）用复数谓语动词的情况
1 and 连接两个名词做主语(不表示同一概念或事物时,即两个名词前都有冠词或限定词); both…and…短语做主语
Eg. The professor and the scientist give us lectures every week.
2 集合名词做主语
①一些集合名词做主语,谓语动词要求复数
cattle, police, people, mankind, poultry, militia, vermin
Eg. The police have caught the burglar.
Cattle are selling at reasonable price.
②一些集合名词做主语,谓语要求单数
machinery, equipment, merchandise, jewelry
Eg. How much machinery has been installed?
③一些集合名词做主语看成整体时,谓语动词用单数;
强调个个成员时,谓语动词用复数;
family, team, committee, crew, staff, audience, club, class, company, crowd, enemy, government, group, public, population …
Eg. His family is going to have a long juourney.
The whole family are watching TV.
The population in China is very large, and eighty percent of the population in China are farmers.
3 the + adj. 表示一类人做主语
Eg. The old are respected in China.
4 all, none, some, any, more, most等不定代词及the rest, the majority做主语,修饰或指代可数名词时,要求复数谓语;修饰或指代不可数名词时,要求单数谓语. None but 短语视其后名词定
Eg. Most of his friends are rich.
Most of his time is spent playing.
All are agreed.
All goes well.
None but the brave man deserves a reward.
None but the fools are prepared to believe that.
5 分数,百分数, half修饰可数名词做主语时,谓语动词用复数;
修饰不可数名词做主语时,谓语动词用单数;
Eg. More than 70% of the surface of the earth is covered with/by water.
Three-fourths of the students in our class are League Members.
one and a half +复数名词=one + 单数名词+and a half
如果表示时间,距离,重量,谓语动词用单数
如果表示数量,谓语动词用复数
Eg. One and a half miles has been covered.
One and a half apples were left in the plate.
6 名词性物主代词做主语时, 视其义定.
Eg. His is a new bike. / His (books) are new.
Ours are old bikes.
7 such, the same起指示代词作用时，应根据其所指的内容来决定单、复数。
Eg. Such is our plan.
Such are his words.
8 关系代词who, that, which等在定语从句中做主语时，其谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数一致。
Eg. Those who want to go please sign your names here.
Some of the energy that is used by man comes from the sun.
在“one of +复数名词+who/which/that”引导的从句结构中，关系代词who/which/that的先行词是靠近它的复数名词而不是one，因此从句中的动词应该是复数形式。
但是当one之前有the only等修饰语时，关系代词的先行词是one而不是靠近它的复数名词，因此从句的动词应该是单数形式。
Eg. This is one of the most interesting questions that have been asked.
She was the only one of the girls who was late for the meeting.
9 疑问代词who, what, which做主语时，谓语动词可根据说话人所要表达的意思决定单、复数。
Eg. Who lives next door? It is Xiao Li.
Who live next door? It is Zhang and Liu.
Which is/are your book/books?
What produce(s) heat?
10一些有两个部分构成的名词表示衣物或工具做主语时，谓语通常用复数形式，如glasses, clothes, trousers, shoes, compasses, chopsticks, scissors等。但如果主语用“a kind of, a pair of, a series of等加名词”构成时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。
Eg. A pair of shoes was on the desk.
11单、复数同形的名词做主语时，按意义一致的原则，用作单数意义时，谓语用单数；反之，谓语用复数。这类词有：means, works, species, Chinese, Japanese, sheep, deer …Eg. A sheep is over there.
Some sheep are over there.
The/This glass works was set up in1980.
The/These glass works are near the railway station.
一般现在时练习题 一、写出下列动词的第三人称单数形式。 eat read do take wash watch have carry study f ly catch go have cook look sing teach like get come play 二、用单词的正确形式填空： 1.Mike ___________ (do) his homework every day. 2.There ____________ (be) some water in the glass. 3.We like ____________ (play) basketball after class. 4.I like singing. I often ____________ (listen) to the music in the evening. 5.My grandma ___________ (watch) TV every day. 三、选择最佳的答案： 1. ____Alice often play the piano? No, she _____. A. Do; do B. Does; does C. Does; doesn't 2. ___ your penfriend __ in Beijing? A. Do; live B. Do; lives C. Does; live 3. Tom and Mike __ very excited, they will take a trip. A. is B. are C. am 4. I like ________ very much. What about you? A. dance B. danced C. dancing 5. I can’t find my pen. Let me __. A. go and ask her B. go and ask hers C. go and ask she 6. Fangfang is a good student. She ____maths. A. does good at B. well do it C. is good at
动词时态和语态教案 徐红平 2012-9
动词时态和语态 目标：1. 掌握英语的八种基本时态和几种常考时态 2. 了解并熟练掌握高考的几种热点时态 3. 区分并正确运用几种易混时态 一、英语的常见时态： 练兵场——稳操胜券 1. Look at the timetable. Hurry up! Flight 4026 ______ off at 18∶20. A. takes B. took C. will be taken D. has taken 答案A 解析: 飞机、火车等按时刻表运行，表达时用一般现在时表将来。 2. The young girl sitting next to me on the plane was very nervous. She_before. A. hasn’t flown B. didn’t fly C. hadn’t flown D. wasn’t flying 答案C 解析: hadn’t flown动作发生在was nervous之前。 3. My cousin went to Canada two years ago. He ______ there for a few months and then went to America. A. worked B. would work C. would be working D. has been working 答案A 解析: 考查一般过去时的基本用法。句中并列连词and连接两个发生在过去的顺承的动作，时态应该一致。 4. -- Your job ______ open for your return.
课程教案 ——时态专题 模块一：现在进行时 Warm-up 请观察下列句子，并寻找其中的规律： 1.I'm drawing pictures. 2.I'm reading a book in the library. 3.She is jumping. 4.It's eating bananas. 5.They're climbing trees. 6.He is swimming. Presentation I. 现在进行时的定义：现在进行时一般表示正在进行的动作或事情，也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。 II. 请看下列例子： I am reading a book in the classroom. Mary is swimming in the sea. They are eating lunch now. 主语是实际的人/物/代词be动词要和主语一致动词的现在分词地点状语/时间状语通常 在句末 III．现在进行时的句型结构及举例： 句式句型结构及例子 肯定式主语+ be (am / is / are) + 动词的分词形式+ 其他Lucy is watching TV now. 否定式主语+ be (am / is / are) + not+ 动词的分词形式+ 其他I am not reading a book in the classroom. 一般疑问句式Be (am / is / are) +主语+ 动词的分词形式+ 其他—Are you having a picnic? —No, we aren’t. —Are they eating the honey? —Yes, they are. 疑问词+ be (am / is / are) +主语+ 动词的分词形式？
高考英语语法专题复习动词时态和语态 Document number：PBGCG-0857-BTDO-0089-PTT1998
高考英语语法复习专题：动词时态和语态 一、考点聚焦 1、动词时态考查要点简述 （1）一般现在时考点分析 ①表示客观事实或普通真理（不受时态限制） The geography teacher told us the earth moves around the sun. Water boils at 100o C. ②表示现状、性质、状态时多用系动词或状态动词；表示经常或习惯性的动作，多用 动作动词，且常与表频率的时间状语连用。 Ice feels cold. We always care for each other and help each other. ③表示知觉、态度、感情、某种抽象的关系或概念的词常用一般现在时：see、hear、smell、taste、feel、notice、agree、believe、like、hate、want、think、belong seem等。如： I know what you mean. Smith owns a car and a house. All the students here belong to Middle School. ④在时间、条件状语从句中常用一般现在时代替将来时。但要注意由if 引导的条件状语从句中可以用shall或will表“意愿”，但不表示时态。 If you will accept my invitation and come to our party, my family will be pleased.如果你愿意接受并参加我们的舞会，我的家人会非常高兴。 ⑤少数用于表示起止的动词如come、go、leave、arrive、fly、return、start、begin、pen、close、end、stop等常用一般现在时代替将来时，表示一 个按规定、计划或安排要发生的动作。当be表示根据时间或事先安排，肯定会出现的状态，只用一般现在时。 The shop closes at 11:00 . every day. Tomorrow is Wednesday.
一、选择题 1．--Look! Someone the classroom. --Well,it wasn't me. I didn't do it. A．is cleaning B．was cleaning C．has cleaned D．will clean 2．—Mom, can you teach me how to pronounce the words? —Wait a minute. I ________. A．am cooking B．cook C．cooked D．will cook 3．— Look at my new watch. —Well, it’s so cool! When and where________you buy it? A．Do B．will C．did D．Are 4．Boys and girls, there ________an English speech competition in two weeks. A．will have B．has C．is going to be D．are going to be 5．Wang Wei often ________ TV on Sunday evenings, but now he is _______ stories. A．watches; reading B．watching; reads C．looks; reading D．watches; looking 6．It’s 4:00 p.m. The students _____ in the pool. A．swim B．swam C．swims D．are swimming 7．I like this dress very much. It soft and smooth. A．feels B．touches C．is felt D．is touched 8．My mother will be very angry with me when she out where I have been. A．finds B．found C．will find D．has found 9．—________ a remake (翻拍) of the famous Disney movie Lion King in July, 2019. — Really? I can't wait to see it. A．There will have B．There is going to have C．There will be 10．Sorry, Jenny isn’t here. She________ up some lights in the garden. A．put B．puts C．is putting D．has put 11．—I called you at three yesterday afterno on, but you weren’t in. —I ________ a meeting at that time. A．had B．was having C．have had D．would have 12．—How long can I _____ the English workbook? —For two weeks. A．borrow B．to borrow C．keep D．to keep 13．— Could you please tell me yesterday? — In the bookshop nearby. A．Where you bought the book B．Where you buy the book C．Where did you buy the book D．Where do you buy the book 14．— Have you ever been anywhere for a trip? — A trip? I ________ away from my hometown even once. A．went B．have gone C．have been D．have never been
一般过去时练习（一） 一、写出下列动词的过去式 1. is\am_________ 2. fly _______ 3. plant________ 4. are ________ 5. drink_________ 6. play _______ 7. go ________ 8. make_______ 9. does_________ 10. dance________ 11. worry________ 12. ask ___ __ 13. taste_________ 14. eat__________ 15. draw ________ 16. put _ _____ 17. throw________ 18. kick_________ 19. pass _______ 20. do ________ 二、用be动词的适当形式填空 1. I _______ at school just now. 2. He ________ at the library last week. 3. We ________ students two years ago. 4. They ________ on the farm a moment ago. 5. Yang Ling ________ eleven years old last year. 6. There ________ an apple on the plate yesterday. 7. There ________ some milk in the fridge on Sunday. 8. The cat _______ on the sofa yesterday evening. 9. She _______ happy yesterday. 10.They _______ glad to see each other last month. 11. Helen and Nancy ________ good friends. 12. The little dog _____ two years old this year. 13. Look, there ________ lots of grapes here. 14. There ________ a sign on the chair on Monday.. 15. Today _____ the second of June. Yesterday _____ the first of June. It __ ___ Children’s Day. All the students ____ very excited.
1. The sun ________ in the east. A. is always rising B. always is rising C. rises always D. always rises 2. He often ________ his clothes on Sundays. A. washing B. washes C. has washed D. wash 3. I ’m Japanese. Where ________ from ？ A. do you come B. you are coming C. you come D. are you coming 4. A mother who ________ her son will do everything for his happiness. A. is loving B. loves C. loved D. has loved 5. ________ at a higher temperature than water ？ A. Has milk boiled B. Is milk boiling C. Does milk boil D. Was milk boiling 6. He signed to us with his hand, “ The lesson is over. You ________. ” A. dismissed B. are dismissed C. have dismissed D. were dismissed 7. I haven ’ t met him for ages, but his mother ________ him sometimes. A. had still seen B. still sees C. has still seen D. still saw 8. We will start as soon as our team leader________ . A. comes B. will come C. come D. is coming 9. I think Jack ________ the answer. A. has known B. does know C. is knowing D. knows 10. My father ________ George quite well; they were introduced at a party. A. is knowing B. was knowing C. knows D. had been knowing 11. Where ________ ？ A. Mary works B. works Mary C. does Mary works D. does Mary work 12. I think this question ________ to answer. A. easy B. is easy C. was easy D. Both A and B 13. ________ oil or butter when you cook it ？ A. Do you use B. Did you use C. Were you using D. Have you used
一般将来时： 定义：一般将来时表示将来某一时刻的动作或状态，或将来某一段时间内经常的动作或状态。 构成：（1）be going to + 动词原形 （2）will/shall + do 用法：1）表示将来的动作或状态 一般将来时常与一些表示将来的时间状语连用，如： tomorrow（明天），next week（下周），from now on（从现在开始）；in the future（将来）；someday (未 来的某一天) 等。 2）表示将来经常发生的动作 I’ll teach you English every Wednesday next month. ★★★“be going to+动词原形”表示即将发生的或最近打算进行的事。 例如：①It is going to rain. 要下雨了。 ②We are going to have a meeting today. 今天我们开会。 Step Three: Do Some Exercise 一、用will 或will not 以及括号中的动词完成句子 1、I a Chinese song.(sing) 2、Sally the tennis match.(not win) 3、You the one-day trip to Guangzhou.(enjoy) 4、Flora at home this weekend.(not stay) 二、用括号内的词和be going to 完成问答 1、(when/we/ have dinner? We / it / at seven o’clock) A When are we going to have dinner? B We are going to have it at seven o’clock. 2、(Where / you /meet your friends? We / them /at the school gate) A B
动词的时态和语态 （一）动词是谓语动所表示的动作或情况发生时间的各种形式。英语动词有16种时态，但是常用的只有9种：一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时、过去将来时、现在完成进行时。下面分别介绍。 1、一般现在时的用法 1）表示经常性、习惯性的动作；表示现在的状态、特征和真理。句中常用 often, usually, every day 等时间状语。例如： a. He goes to school every day. b. He is very happy. earth moves around the sun. 2) 在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，用一般现在时表示将来。例如： a. If you come this afternoon, we’ll have a meeting. b. When I graduate, I’ll go to countryside. 3) 有时这个时态表示按计划、规定要发生的动作（句中都带有时间状语），但限于少数动词，如：begin, come, leave, go ,arrive, start , stop, return, open, close等。例如： a. The meeting begins at seven. b. The rain starts at nine in the morning. 4) 表示状态和感觉的动词(be, like, hate, think, remember, find, sound 等)常用一般现在进行时。 a. I like English very much. b. The story sound very interesting. 5) 书报的标题、小说等情节介绍常用一般现在时。 2.一般现在时的用法 1）表示过去某时间发生的事、存在的状态或过反复发生的动作。
新目标初中英语总复习资料精品讲义(二) 动词的时态与语态的综合运用 确定正确的时态 1.根据时间状语确定时态.时间状语与时态有着密切的关系. ①. I ____ ____ (write) now. ②. I ____ __(lose) my pen yesterday. ③. We ______ _____ (study) English for two years. 2.根据上下文来确定时态 有些句子没有明显的时间状语,又不能用时态呼应规则来对照,这时就可以根据上下文内容来判断时间关系,确定正确时态. A: Where are the twins? B: They ______ (go) to visit Uncle Wang. 3.根据主从句的关系来确定时态. 4.根据语言习惯来确定时态 *come,go,leave 等趋向性动词的进行时可用来表示即将发生的动作. *永恒的真理和客观存在的状态用一般现在时. *祈使句中,或在情态动词,助动词后,谓语动词用原形 Don't (read) in the sun, will you? You'd better (stay) at home since it's raining outside. 注意所填动词的语态: Today both basketball and volleyball __ _______(play) in many countries. 确定动词的形式: 1. be busy, what/how about 等后用动词的-ing 形式. 2.在介词后一般应用动词的-ing 形式. 3.在keep, enjoy, finish, mind 等动词后采用动词的--ing 形式. 4.在动词decide, hope, wish, hate 等动词后应用动词不定式作宾语,而在ask, tell, want, teach 之后则用动词不定式的复合结构,即“ask sb. to do sth.”的形式 5.在see, hear, watch, make, let 等后面作宾语补足语的动词不定式应省略动词不定式符号“to”,但在被动句中, 应添上"to". 6.在It’s time(for sb.)to do sth. 和It's kind/nice/good of sb. to do sth. 和It takes sb. some time to do sth. 的句型中, 动词不定式短语作句子真正的主语. 7.疑问代词/副词(why 除外) + to do sth. 结构,可在句中作主语, 表语和宾语. 练习题： 1. The Great Green Wall will stop the wind from ________(blow) the earth away. 2. Mr. Smith kept on (ask) the players to remember-----TEAMWORK 3. Alice didn't hear what the teacher said just now, so she doesn't know how ____ (do) the problem. 4. The policeman asked the old granny to put down her heavy box and let him ______ (carry) it for her. 5.用help, happen, listen, have, ask, be, plant, miss, leave, look 的适当形式填空: (1).Wang Hai is a good comrade. He always does his best ________others. (2).Dig the hole big enough, or the trees can’t ___________well . (3).It's time for class. Let's stop _______to the teacher. (4).Her face turned red when she _______ to sing a song for all of us.
牛津小学英语时态复习及专项练习
牛津小学英语时态复习及专项练习 语法及练习1 be动词 Be 动词的用法： (1) Am--was Is --was Are--were 口诀：我用am, 你用are, is用在他她它，复数全用are。 (2) 肯定和否定句I am (not) from London. He is(not) a teacher. She is(not) in the dining room. My hair is(not) long. Her eyes are(not) small. (3) 一般疑问句Am I a Chinese? Yes, you are. No, you aren’t. Are they American? Yes, they are. No, they aren’t. Is the cat fat? Yes, it is. No, it isn’t. 用恰当的be动词填空。 1. I ______ a boy. ______ you a boy? No, I _____ not. 2. The girl______ Jack's sister. 3. The dog _______ tall and fat. 4. The man with big eyes _______ a teacher. 5. ______ your brother in the classroom? . 语法及练习2 人称代词和物主代词 人称代词和物主代词
1．人称代词主格和宾格的区别：主格通常位于句中第一个动词之前（有时候位于than 之后），宾格一般位于动词或介词之后。 2．物主代词形容词性与名词性的区别：形容词性用时后面一般要带上名词，名词性则单独使用，后面不带名词。 一.填写代词表主格。 I it we you them his your hers 二.用所给词的适当形式填空。 1. That is not _________ kite. That kite is very small, but _________ is very big. ( I ) 2. The dress is _________. Give it to _________. ( she ) 3. Is thi s _________ watch? (you) No, it’s not _________ . ( I ) 4. _________ is my brother. ________ name is Jack. Look! Those stamps are _________. ( he ) 5. _________ dresses are red. (we) What colour are _________? ( you )
初中英语动词时态语态讲义（附练习和答案） 11. 动词的时态 11.1 一般现在时的用法 1）经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频腮度的时间状语连用。时间状语：every…, sometimes, at…, on Sunday。例如： I leave home for school at 7 every morning. 每天早上我七点离开家。2）客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。例如： The earth moves around the sun. 地球绕太阳转动。 Shanghai lies in the east of China. 上海位于中国东部。 3）表示格言或警句。例如： Pride goes before a fall. 骄者必败。 注意：此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。 例：Columbus proved that the earth is round. 哥伦布证实了地球是圆的。 4）现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。例如： I don't want so much. 我不要那么多。 Ann writes good English but does not speak well. 安英语写得不错，讲的可不行。 比较：Now I put the sugar in the cup. 把糖放入杯子。 I am doing my homework now. 我正在做功课。 第一句用一般现在时，用于操作演示或指导说明的示范性动作，表示言行的瞬间动作。第二句中的now是进行时的标志，表示正在进行的动作的客观状况，所以后句用一般现在时。 11.2 一般过去时的用法 1）在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。例如：时间状语有：yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982等。例如： Where did you go just now? 刚才你上哪儿去了？ 2）表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。例如： When I was a child, I often played football in the street. 我是个孩子的时候，常在马路上踢足球。 Whenever the Browns went during their visit, they were given a warm welcome. 那时，布朗一家无论什么时候去，都受到热烈欢迎。 3）句型：It is time for sb. to do sth "到……时间了" "该……了"。例如：It is time for you to go to bed. 你该睡觉了。 It is time that sb. did sth. "时间已迟了" "早该……了" ，例如It is time you went to bed. 你早该睡觉了。 would （had） rather sb. did sth. 表示'宁愿某人做某事'。例如：I'd rather you came tomorrow.还是明天来吧。 4） wish, wonder, think, hope 等用过去时，作试探性的询问、请求、建议等，而一般过去时表示的动作或状态都已成为过去，现已不复存在。例如：I thought you might have some. 我以为你想要一些。
小学英语时态综合练习 附答案
小学英语时态综合练习 附答案 公司内部档案编码：[OPPTR-OPPT28-OPPTL98-OPPNN08]
小学英语时态练习 一、选择题 1. _________Alice often play the piano. No, she __________. A. Do; do B. Does; does C. Does; doesn’t 2. Every one _________ to their teacher in the classroom. A. are listening B. is listening C. listen 3. Danny _______ breakfast five times last week. A. ate B. eat C. eated 4.I’m goin g to ________ some chopsticks ________ Sunday afternoon. A. bought; on B. buy; on C. buy; in 5. Are you going to take a piano class ________ A. No, we not B. No, I am C. Yes, I am 6. Is he _________ TVYes, he is. A. watch B. watching C. not 7. The kite _______ a bird. A. look like B. is looking C. looks like 8. What did you do on your holiday I ________ A. bought a present B. go skiing C. learn English 9. Sandy often ________ his homework on Sundays . A. do B. does C. did
动词的时态和语态 一、.英语动词的形式： 英语的时态是通过动词的变化来体现的。因此，了解动词的形式及其变化规律非常重要。英语的实义动词有以下五种形式： (1) 动词原形：动词原形在句子中形式不变。主要用于主语为非第三人称单数的一般现在时，情态动词之后，或根据语法规定必须用动词原形的其他情况。 (2) 一般现在时第三人称单数形式（简称现单三）：主要用于主语为第三人称单数的一般现在时。 (3) 过去式：主要用于一般过去时。 (4) 现在分词：主要用于进行时态，或语法规定的其他情况。 (5) 过去分词：主要用于完成时态或被动语态，或语法规定的其他情况。 英语动词有五种基本形式，即动词原形、第三人称单数形式、过去式、现在分词和过去分 二、动词的时态 动词是谓语动所表示的动作或情况发生时间的各种形式。英语动词有16种时态，但是常
用的只有9种：一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时、过去将来时、现在完成进行时。下面分别介绍。 1、一般现在时 结构：do/does have/has be(am/is/are) 标志语：often，always，usually，sometimes,never,every day ,in +时间段，等。 （1）表示经常性、习惯性的动作；表示主语的身份和特征 a. He goes to school every day. b. He is a student/handsome. (2)表示永恒的真理，即使出现在过去的语境中，仍用一般现在时。如： I learned that the earth goes around the sun when I was in primary school. (3)少数动词用于谈论时间表、节目单或日程表上所安排好的事情。此类动词有begin, come, leave, go ,arrive, start , stop, return, open, close等 The train leaves at 8:50. The meeting begins at seven. b. The rain starts at nine in the morning. （4) 在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，用一般现在时表示将来。常考的此类从句有：as soon as，until，if和when引导的从句。 a. If you come this a fternoon, we’ll have a meeting. b. When he graduates, I’ll go to coun tryside. 2.一般过去时 结构：did 标志语：yesterday，the day before yesterday，...ago，last..., in 1998 (1) 表示过去某时间发生的事、存在的状态或过去习惯性经常性的动作或者状态。 a. He saw Mr. Wang yesterday. b. Mary always got up too late and never had enough time for breakfast when she was at middle school. (2)表示过去经常发生的动作，也可用“used to “ 和“would + 动词原形”。 I used to smoke. During the vacation I would swim in the sea. ※”used to “表示过去常发生而现在不再发生的动作或存在的状态。 “be used to”+名词（动名词）”表示“习惯于….. a. I am used to the climate here. b. He is used to swimming in winter. （3）在具体的语境中表示“刚刚；刚才”，而暗含“现在不那样了”。 Oh, it’s you, John. I didn’t know you were here. 3.一般将来时 结构：will do、shall do、be (is、am、are) going to do 标志语：tomorrow，the day after tomorrow，next...，in + 时间段，in 2010等 （1）表示将来的动作或状态 We will travel Beijing tomorrow. （2）几种表达将来的区别 1）“be going to+动词原形”表示按计划或打算要发生的动作或者按迹象要发生的事情。We are going to have a meeting today. It’s going to rain. “be to + 动词原形” 表示按计划进行或征求对方意见。 The boy is to go to school tomorrow. Are we to go on with this work? “be about to“+ 动词原形” 表示即将发生的动作，意为be ready to do sth. 后面一般不跟时间状语。We were about to leave when it rained. （3）go , come , start, move, sail, leave, arrive ,stay 等可用进行时态表示按计划即将发生的动作。
初中英语动词时态和语态讲解 动词的时态和语态 （一）动词是谓语动所表示的动作或情况发生时间的各种形式。英语动词有16种时态，但是常用的只有9种：一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时、过去将来时、现在完成进行时。下面分别介绍。 1、一般现在时的用法 1）表示经常性、习惯性的动作；表示现在的状态、特征和真理。句中常用often, usually, every day 等时间状语。例如： a. He goes to school every day. b. He is very happy. c.The earth moves around the sun. 2) 在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，用一般现在时表示将来。例如： a. If you come this afternoon, we’ll have a meeting. b. When I graduate, I’ll go to countryside. 3) 有时这个时态表示按计划、规定要发生的动作（句中都带有时间状语），但限于少数动词，如：begin, come, leave, go ,arrive, start , stop, return, open, close等。例如： a. The meeting begins at seven. b. The rain starts at nine in the morning. 4) 表示状态和感觉的动词(be, like, hate, think, remember, find, sound 等)常用一般现在进行时。 a. I like English very much. b. The story sound very interesting. 5) 书报的标题、小说等情节介绍常用一般现在时。 2.一般现在时的用法 1）表示过去某时间发生的事、存在的状态或过反复发生的动作。 a. He saw Mr. Wang yesterday. b. He worked in a factory in 1986. 2)表示过去经常发生的动作，也可用“used to “ 和“would + 动词原形”。I used to smoke. During the vacation I wouldm in the sea. 注：”used to “ 表示过去常发生而现在不再发生的动作或存在的状态。“would + 动词原形”没有“现在不再……”含义。另外“to be used to +名词（动名词）”表示“习惯于…..” a. I am used to the climate here. b. He is used tomming in winter. 3.一般将来时的用法 一般将来时表示将来的动作或状态。其表达形式除了“ will 或shall + 动词原形”表示即将发生的或最近打算进行的事。 It is going to rain. We are going to have a meeting today.