P24 UNIT 1
1. 故宫也称紫禁城，位于北京市的中心，是明清两朝的皇宫。
Located in the center of Beijing，the Former Imperial Palace，also known as the Purple Forbidden City，was the royal palace for the Ming and Qing dynasties。
2. 天安门广场位于北京市的中轴线上，是北京的标志性建筑。
Located on the center axis of Beijing，the Tiananmen Square is the symbolic architecture of Beijing。3. 颐和园是清朝皇家用的避暑行宫，是中国现存规模最大、保存最为完好的古代园林建筑。
Being a summer resort of the Qing royal family，the Summer Palace is the most intact，the best preserved and the largest of its kind of the classical gardens in China。
P47 UNIT 2
4. 五台山是中国四大佛教名山，文殊菩萨的道场。
Mount Wutaishan is one of the four famous Buddhist Mountains in China，where Manjusri Bodhisattva performed the Buddhist rites。
5. 云冈石窟是中国三大石窟群，位于大同市以西约15公里。
Yungang grottoes，one of the three major cave clusters in China，is located about 15 kilometers west of Datong city。
6. 平遥城墙上有观敌楼72处，垛口3000个，据说代表孔夫子贤人七十二，弟子三千。
According to the legend，the 72 watchtowers of the city wall of Pingyao represent 72 people of great wisdom；the 3000 battlements represent the 3000 disciples of Confucius。
P72 UNIT 3
7. 曲阜位于山东省中部，泰山之南。公元前11世纪时为鲁国都城，也是儒学的始祖孔子的故乡。Located south of Mount Taishan in central Shangdong Province, Qufu was the capital of the State of Lu during the 11th century BC and also the home of Confucius, the founder of Confucianism.
8. 蓬莱阁在山东半岛蓬莱市丹崖山上，离烟台约70公里。据说秦始皇曾遣方士到此求长生药。
Penglai Pavilion, or Pavilion of Immortals, is located on Mount Danya in Penglai City of Shangdong peninsula, approximately 70 kilometers from Yantai City. It is said that Emperor Qin Shihuang once sent his alchemists to come here to seek the longevity herbs.
9. 铜亭又名“金阙”。铸工精细，造形优美，反映了我国古代工匠冶炼技术和翻砂工艺的高超水平。Bronze Pavilion is also known as Jin Que, or Golden Tower. Its splendid craftsmanship and beautiful shape reflect the high level of metallurgy and casting technique attained by ancient Chinese craftsmen.
P97 UNIT 4
10. 龙门石窟奉先寺雕像已基本摆脱了以往宗教的神秘色彩，明显地显现了民俗化的趋势。
The sculptures at the Fengxian Temple of the Longmen Grottoes have basically cast aside the myths of religion, showing a trend towards worldly ways.
11. 唐代玄奘西域取经回国后，在白马寺主持佛教，传经讲学。
In the Tang Dynasty, after he came back from the Western Regions with Buddhist scriptures, Xuan Zang became the abbot of White Horse Temple and preached the scriptures of Buddhism.
12. 嵩山位于河南省登封市，是中国五岳之中岳。
Located in Dengfeng City, Henan Province, Mount Songshan is the central one of Wuyue (the Five Sacred Mountains) in China.
P121 Unit 5
13. 黄山雄峙安徽南部，是我国最著名的风景区之一，也是举世闻名的旅游胜地。
Mount Huangshan towers over south Anhui Province. It ranks among China's best-known tourist resorts
14. 九华山自唐代开山建庙，以后不断扩建。至清朝中叶，寺庙已达300多座。
The construction of the temples on Mount Jiuhua started in the Tang Dynasty and their expansion continued in the following dynasties. By the middle of the Qing Dynasty, more than 300 temples had been built on the mountain.
15. 歙县是中国四大古城之一，成内至今尚有大量明清时的庭园，住宅，被誉为“中国古代建筑的瑰宝”。Shexian County is one of the four great ancient cities in China. There still remain a great number of ancient courtyards, gardens and residences erected during the Ming and Qing dynasties, which are praised as "gems of ancient Chinese architecture."
P145 Unit6
16. 钟山古称“金隣山”。因山顶常有紫云萦绕，东晋时称之为“紫金山”。
Mount Zhongshan was named Jinlin Mountain in ancient times. It was also called Purple Gold Mountain in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, for purple clouds were found hovering over its peaks.
17. 太湖是我国第三大淡水湖。湖中大小岛屿48个，连同沿湖的山峰和半岛，号称72峰。
Taihu Lake is the third largest freshwater lake in China. The 48 islands of various sizes in the lake, peninsulas and the peaks along the lakeside make up 72 peaks.
18. 苏州位于美丽的太湖旁，由20多个湖环抱而成，向有“东方威尼斯”之称。
Located on the lakeside of the beautiful Taihu Lake, Suzhou is surrounded by more than 20 lakes, and has been reputed as "Venice of the East".
P170 Unit7
19. 普陀山被称为海天佛国，是中国佛教四大名山之一，位于杭州湾以东约100海里的莲花洋中。Mount Putuo, the Buddhist Kingdom on the Sea, is one of the four famous Buddhist mountains in china. It is located in the Lotus Sea about 100 nautical miles east of the Hangzhou Bay.
20. 钱塘江大潮是天下奇观，全世界只有巴西亚马逊河的涌潮可以与之媲美。
The roaring tide of the Qiantang River is a marvelous spectacle under heaven and only the surging tide of the Amazon River in Brazil can rival it in the world.
21. 从空中俯瞰西湖，三潭印月岛型如一个特大的“田”字，呈现出“湖中有岛，岛中有湖”的景色。Overlooking the West Lake, the Santanyinyue Islet looks like a huge character “Tian”, and features “a lake within an island and an island within a lake”.
P196 Unit8
22. 东方明珠塔位于上海黄浦江畔，塔高468米，是亚洲第一、世界第三高塔。
The Oriental Pearl TV Tower, 468 metes high, stands by the bank of the Huangpu River. It is the highest TV Tower in Asia and the third highest in the world.
23. 豫园位于市区豫园路的同名建筑“豫园”，是上海古典园林的典范。
Yuyuan Garden (Garden of Leisurely Repose) on the road of the same name in dowmtown is the paragon of classical gardens of Shanghai.
24. 玉佛寺是一座著名佛教禅寺。寺内供奉着玉雕释迦牟尼坐像和卧像各一座。
Jade Buddha T emple is a well-known Zen Buddhist temple. Two jade statues of Sakyamuni are enshrined. One is in a sitting position, and the other is in a reclining position.
P220 Unit 9
25. 陕西历史博物馆馆藏文物375 000件，其中国家一级品762件，国宝18件。
Shaanxi History Museum has a collection of 375,000 pieces of cultural relices, 762 of which are the national top-grades and 18 are national treasures.
26. 华清池是西安著名的风景温泉区，已有3000多年历史。“华清宫”，亦名华清池，是唐玄宗与杨贵妃游
The Huaqing Pools with a history of over 3,000 years is a famous spa site in Xi'an. The Huaqing Palace, also known as the Huaqing Pools, is the place where Emperor Xuanzong and his concubine Lady Yang amused themselves.
27. 壶口两岸，苍山挟持，黄河至此，河床由300多米宽突然收缩到50多米。因其形状似一把壶的壶嘴，故而得名。
Both banks of the Hukou are flanked by green mountains. When the Yellow River flows here its bed suddenly shrinks from some 300 meters to around 50 meters. As the water-channel looks very much like the mouth of a pot, it gets its name "Hukou".
P245 Unit 10
28. 乐山大佛（Leshan Giant Buddha）是唐朝从山崖开凿（chisel）出来的，是世界公认的最重要的石刻弥勒佛（Maitreya Buddha）像之一。
Leshan Giant Buddha, chiseled out of the cliff in the Tang Dynasty, is globally recognized as one of the most important statues of Maitreya Buddha.
29. 窦圌山(Mount Doutuan)历史悠久，至今已经历时1400多个春秋，自古就以清（tranquility）、奇、幽、秀（delicateness）名扬天下。
Mount Doutuan has a history of over 1400 years and has been nationally reputed for its tranquility, peculiarity, seclusion, and delicateness since ancient times.
30. 黄龙中的钙华滩（travertine shoals）、湍流(rapid)和瀑布连接起3400多个钙华彩池, 在雪山、森林的映衬下(set off),熠熠生辉(glitter brilliantly).
Linked by travertine shoals, rapids and waterfalls and set off by snowy peaks and lush green forests in the Huanglong Valley, over 3400 travertine ponds glitter brilliantly in the sunshine.
P270 United 11
31. 金殿坐落在昆明东北郊的凤鸣山上。这里古时禽鸟翔集，鹦鹉尤多，故称“鹦鹉山”。
Golden Temple is located on the Fengming Mountain in the north-eastern suburb of Kunming. In the old times the mountain was frequented by birds ,most of which were parrots, hence the name “Parrot Mountain”.
32. 位于洱海南岸的洱海公园有古香古色的亭台、游廊，这里可观看到苍山洱海的全貌。
The Erhai Park ,situated on the southern bank of Erhai Park ,has ancient-style pavilions and corridors, where one can take a panoramic view of the Cangshan Mountain and the Erhai Lake.
33. 丽江古城因四周青山环绕，镇中碧水滢滢川流其间，宛如一方碧玉大砚而取名为“大砚镇”。, Surrounded by green mountains with crystal clear water running though the town,the Ancient City Lijiang takes the shape of a big jade ink slab ,hence the name Dayan Zhen.
P296 United 12
34. 伏波山是个山奇洞美的名胜之地。漓江碧流至此受到山的东麓的阻遏，在此形成深潭，名为“伏波潭”Taming Wave Hill is a well-known scenic attraction with a beautiful hill and charming caves.Obstructed by the hill, the emerald water in the Lijiang River has formed a deep pool here,known as “Taming Wave Pool”.
35. 芦笛岩是桂林奇特优美的岩洞之一。洞内有大量形状奇特的石钟乳、石笋等，在五光十色的灯光配合下，呈现出光彩夺目的壮观景象。
Reed Flute Cave is one of the spectacular and picturesque caves in the area of Guilin. In the cave there are a lot of stalactites ,stalagmites and etc,which presnts a dazzling splendor with the effect strengthened by colorful lights
36. 北海银滩，离北海市中心10公里，它以“滩长、沙白、水净、浪软”而著称，被称为“中国第一滩”。Lying some 10 kilometers away from the city center, the Silvery beach in Beihai is renowned for its “long beach、white sand、pure and clean water 、as well as gentle waves.” Hence it is called “No.1 Beach in
高考英语重点句型汉译英强化训练 1.他的叔叔过去住在乡下，现在住在城里。(used) 2. 他一点也不喜欢喝咖啡，宁可喝茶。(prefer) 3. 对学生来说，学会一门外语是多么重要啊!(how) 4. 这件大衣值多少钱？(cost) 5. 他把他的一生献给了宇宙飞船的研究。(devote) 6. 你最好现在不要把坏消息告诉他。(had better) 7. 他是一位有经验的驾驶员，他习惯于在各种各样的天气情况下开车。(used) 8. 今晚你应该复习功课，而不应该看电视。(instead) 9. 没有什么能阻止这孩子冒险爬那棵高树。(prevent) 10. 妈妈很少晚上一个人出去，是吗？(seldom) 11. 尽量用英语表达自己，别害怕犯错误。(afraid) 12. 到去年底，中国的人口是多少？(population) 13. 从广州到纽约的路是多么长啊！(it) 14. 当我一到达机场时，飞机就起飞了。(Hardly) 15. 这男孩洗完了脸，似乎才几秒钟。(seem) 16. 如果你不努力学习，你不会取得成功。(unless) 17. 无论你做什么，应尽最大努力。(Whatever) 18. 不管这项任务多么困难，我们要尽最大的努力准时完成。(However) 19. 虽然他是孩子，他知道怎样生活和学习。(as) 20. 既然天好，我把所有的窗都打开了。(Now that) 21. 这里的气候与昆明的气候一样好。(as… as) 22. 她再也不像过去那样讲和笑。(no longer) 23. 我们对世界了解得越多，我们将取得更大的成功。(the more… the more) 24. 只要我们不失去信心，我们会找到办法克服困难的方法。(As long as) 25. 无论谁做这事都没有什么区别。(whoever) 26. 一旦她开始跳舞，她就忘记了时间。(Once) 27. 这座山是那么高以至于我不能爬到山顶上。(… so… that) 28. 只要你一直练习说英语，不多久你肯定会掌握它。(On condition that) 29. 长江是中国最长的河流，去年夏天我们去参观过。(visit) 30. 你见到过写昨天我们讨论过的那篇作文的女孩吗？(whose) 31.众所周知，指南针首先是中国制造的。(As) 32. 我们需要更多的练习是十分清楚的。(practice) 33. 你没听李老师的报告真是太遗憾了。(miss) 34. 碰巧我那天晚上有空。(happen) 35. 据提议试验应该在低温下做。(suggest) 36. 他已经做的事情与我们无关。(nothing) 37. 她问我花了多长时间建成这座大桥。(take) 38. 直到昨天我才知道他要来。(not… until) 39. 这城市不像三年前的那样子了。(used) 40. 这正是你要寻找的东西。(look) 41. 彼得一直没有来的原因是他没赶上这班火车。(catch) 42. 他认为每次考试作好准备是重要的。(it)
Translation Unit One 1.这个婴儿还不会爬,更不要说会走了。 The baby can't even crawl yet, let alone walk! 2. 威尔声称谋杀案件发生时他正在与一群朋友吃饭,但是我认为他在说谎。 Will claimed he was dining with a group of friends at the time of the murder, but in my opinion he told a lie. 3. 一定程度上阅读速度与阅读技巧密切相关;有了阅读技巧,你就可以更好的应对课外阅读了。 To a certain extent the speed of reading is closely related to reading skills; and with reading skills you can cope with outside class reading better. 4. 根据规则他俩都可以参加比赛。 According to the regulation/rule, they both can play the game/participate in the game. 5. 有些人想当然的认为日语中的每一个词在汉语中都有对应的词语。 Some people assume that there is a Chinese equivalent for every Japanese word. 6. 我们都已将所有的相关信息告知了警方。 We have passed all relevant information on to the police. 7. 关于那件事你问我在多的问题也没有用,因为我是不会回答你的。
综合学术英语翻译 Unit 1 1. 无论是谁，闯红灯都是对公共安全的极端漠视。 ( complete disregard for ) Whoever run the red light shows a complete disregard for public safety. 2. 他解释说，成功不过是自己对艺术的执着追求和运气罢了。 ( nothing more than ) Success, as he explained, was nothing more than a consistent pursuit of art and good luck. 3. 这个新产品得益于生物学与医学的交叉研究。 (at the crossroads between ) The new product has benefited from research work at the crossroads between biological and medical studies. 4. 他的观点与那位伟大哲学家的思想惊人地相似，但他声称从未听说过其观点。(echo ) It was amazing that this idea well echoed the great philosopher 's belief, which he claimed not to have heard about before. 5. 队员们进行了为期一个月的紧张训练，充分做好准备，以应对可能发生的各种突发情 况。(prepare …well for ) The one-month intense training program prepared the team members well for the possible emergencies. 6. 那位环保人士所做的演讲生动有力，给现场观众留下了深刻的印象。( be impressed with) The audience was deeply impressed with the vigor and power of the speech delivered by the environmentalist. 7. 这次旅行将为你提供一个难得的体验不同生活方式的机会。( sample) This traveling experience will provide you with a rare opportunity to sample a different way of life. 8. 充分利用有限时间是适应快节奏现代生活的必备技能之一。( use time to its fullest potential ) Using the limited time to its fullest potential is one of the must-have/required skills in adapting to the fast-paced modern life.
PART I: I. 原文(Source Text) 水桥 在巴拿马，有一座世界闻名的“水桥”，那就是巴拿马运河。去年暑假，我跟着爸爸妈妈去巴拿马运河游览观光，至今还记忆犹新。 我们乘机抵达巴拿马城，然后搭上了一艘游轮，从巴尔博亚港进入运河。船行13公里后，便到了运河的第一组水闸1。巴拿马运河就是通过水闸的关与开，让船舰跨越陆地的一座“水桥” 2。 我们开始“上桥”了。船驶进闸池之后，厚2米，高、宽各20米，重数百吨的钢闸门便缓缓地关闭，闸池里开始注水。几分钟后，水涨船高3。游轮在两岸电力机车的牵引下缓缓前进。这样连升两级之后，船已经升高了16米。出闸后，再驶过一个小湖，又到了第二组水闸。经过这座水闸，船又升高了9.5米。这样，船已高出海平面26米，进入“桥顶” 4。我们的游船驶进了长达13公里的主航道，只见5两岸山6如刀削，绿树红花，景色十分秀丽7。 游船出了峡谷，驶入了宽阔的加通湖。湖水倒映着远山白云，美丽的小岛时隐时现8。在湖中悠悠航行38公里之后，船来到了加通水闸，从此进入了“下桥”段。这座水闸共有三级，犹如三个巨大的台阶。游船经过加通水闸后，已经降到了与大西洋水面相同的高度。当船驶入利蒙湾时，美丽的加勒比海便出现在眼前9。 我们从太平洋来到大西洋10，彼此隔离的大洋因为有了巴拿马运河而相通。运河全长公里，宽度由150米到304米不等。5万吨级的巨轮，日夜畅通无阻。它无愧于“世界桥梁”的称誉。我由衷地赞美人类改造自然的智慧和勇气!我敬佩你，巴拿马人民! 导游告诉我们，巴拿马人民是有志气的。他们一方面正在改造现在这条运河；另一方面，还准备新建一条更长的运河，预计工程需要10年才能完成，它将成为人类有史以来最大的工程11。我们期待着它早日完成。 II. 理解难点提示(Suggestions for Comprehension) 1. 这里的“水闸”指什么参考下文的“进闸池”、“出闸”。
商务英语综合2汉译英整理
Unit 1 1.我不愿意告诉你，但是如果三个月内我们不能招揽到更多的顾客的话，归根结蒂的问题是公司将面临倒闭。(go out of business) I hate to tell you this,but if we don’t get more customers the next three months,the bottom line is that we’ll go out of business. 2.当局可能会对户外广告的副作用加以干预，但是，这并不意味着该禁令在法律上的合理性。它阻碍了我们的企划方案。(be concerned with) The authorities might be concerned with the side effects of the outdoor ads,but this does not mean the ban is legally justifiable.It has hindered us from scheduling our projects. 3.复杂的革新金融体系固然容易遭受破坏，但是单一、严格管制的金融体系势必导致经济发展迟缓。(susceptible) A sophisticated and innovative financial system is susceptible to destructive booms;but a simple,tightly regulated one will condemn an economy to grow slowly. 4.布什总统说他了解很多美国人都担心未来经济的发展，持续不稳定的房地产市场存在风险，使更多人面临失业危险。(in jeopardy) President Bush says he knows many Americans are concerned about the future of the economy,with the risk that continued instability in the housing market could put more jobs in jeopardy.
2012高考英语汉译英常见错例及解析 一、学生典型错例及错因简析： 1.在你离开之前，有些事应该要告诉你。（ought to;there be) 学生错例： 1)Before you leave, there are somethings I ought to tell you.（受中文“些”字意思影响，误把单数的something 当somethings） 2）Before you leave,there are some things ought to tell you. （误用something;句子成分残缺，从句漏了主语I) 3)There are something that ought to tell you before you leave. 4)There is something ought to tell you before you leaving.(受中文“在”影响，误用了“leaving”） 5)Before you leaving, there are have something ought to tell you.（there be 与have 重复使用） 6)Before you left,there were something that ought to tell you.（误用时态和be 动词） 2.我很难把学习和兴趣结合起来。（combine...with...) 学生错例： 1）I'm difficult to combine study with interest.（典型的中文翻译思维，与地道的英语表达有较大差别） 2) I hardly combining study with interest.（中式英语） 3)It's hardly that combine study with interest.（乱套句型） 4)I hardly combine study with interest.（照字翻译） 3. 我们不能让他撒了谎而不受惩罚。（have sb.doing;get away with) 学生错例：
Translation Unit1 1、天开始下雨，她走向附近的一个避雨处。 It started raining, she made for the nearest shelter. 2、她挑了一顶帽子，正好配她的衣服。 She picks out a cap which match her clothes perfectly. 3、我等了一个小时，可还是没见他的人影。 I waited for an hour, but he did not show up. 4、他们觉得还是呆在原地好。 They figured it was better to stay where they were. 5、小岛上发生的地震，造成了23人死亡。 The earthquake which struck the island caused 23 deaths. 6、在离开村子20年后，他终于回家了。 He returned home at length after being away from the village for 20 years. 7、她的许多同事已经失去了工作，她总算保住了。 Many of her colleagues have lost their job, while she eventually hold on to it.
Unit 2 1、老师告诉我瓶里的液体可以去除金属和瓷器上的污渍。 The teacher told me that the bottle of liquid could remove stains from the mental and china. 2、坐在我旁边的学生忐忑不安的看着考场的四周。 The students sitting beside me looked around the examination room with apprehension. 3、他现在大学毕业了，自己养活自己。 He is now out of college, and lives on his own. 4、他们轮流睡觉，以免出差错。 They took turns staying awake, in case anything went wrong. 5、大女儿也许会接父亲的班，等她长大后接管家业。 The elder daughter might follow her father’s footsteps, and take over the family business when she’s old enough. 6、他不得不跳下车，推车上山。 He had to get off the bike, and push it up to the hill. 7、这副手套将保护你的手不受冻。 The pair of gloves will protect your hands from the cold.
1. As the gender barriers crumbled, the number of women working as lawyers, doctors, or bankers began to increase significantly form the mid-20th century. 随着性别障碍的瓦解，从20世纪中期开始，从事律师、医生或银行家工作的女 性数量开始显著增加。 2. I was not only shocked but also disgusted that the report tried to distort the scientific facts in such a manner that even some highly-educated people were fooled. 我不仅感到震惊，而且感到恶心，因为这份报告试图歪曲科学事实，甚至一些受 过高等教育的人也被愚弄了。 3. Sixty-two and blessed with his mother’s skin, the fisherman had withstood a lifetime of exposure to the sun and looked as radiant as a man in his forties. 62岁的渔夫和他母亲的皮肤很有福气，他一生都在阳光下曝晒，看上去像四十 多岁的人一样容光焕发。 4. This newly established university supports the proposition that a more diverse higher education system is desirable since it would enhance opportunities for lifelong learning. 这所新成立的大学支持这样的观点:更多样化的高等教育体系是可取的，因为它 将增加终身学习的机会。 5. We need to improve the quality of education so that our children will not leave school deficient in literary and reasoning skills.我们需要提 高教育质量，使我们的孩子不会离开缺乏文学和推理技能的学校。 6. The delicious meal appeased our hunger and made us feel warm again after having walked in the snow all day.这顿美餐使我们的饥饿感减轻了，让我们 在雪中走了一整天后又感到温暖。 7.The military insists on conformity in many areas，for example, dress and haircut， with the primary objective of promoting group unity.军方 坚持整合在许多领域,例如,服装和发型,促进集团统一的主要目标。 8. When she left for the party，she took great care to make her necklace and shoes complement her dress.当她离开,她让她项链体贴入微,鞋补她的衣服。 9. As the sun dispersed the clouds,we enjoyed our afternoon of playing cards in the forest under the clear sky and observing the most spectacular view I have ever seen in my life.当太阳驱散乌云时，我们在晴朗的天空下 的森林里打牌，欣赏着我一生中所见过的最壮观的景色。 10. He is suitable for the position as he is young enough to understand what the teenagers think but old enough to administrate their programs. 11. When asked about her whereabouts at 9 o'clock that night, she gave a rather disjointed response, which caught the detective's attention. 12. Reviving the stalled economy and sticking to promises to bring the deficit down next year is proving to be the principal test for the new president. 13. I will conduct a top-to-bottom review of the state departments,
UNIT1 1. For some,it was a matter of geography---not just which tower they worked in or on which floor,but in which corner of the building. 对有些人来说，生死攸关的是此时此刻他们所在的位置——不仅是哪幢楼，哪一层，更重要的是大楼的哪个角落。 2. In the noise, smoke and sparks, Mayblum didn't realize that his friend Hong Zhu was behind him in the stairwell the whole time. 周围噪声震耳，烟雾弥漫，火星四溅，梅布勒姆没有意识到，他的朋友朱虹始终就在他身后的楼梯井里。 3. piece by piece, she developed a picture of his escape: Harry was on the 87 when the plane hit. 她一点一点地拼出了哈里逃生的场景：飞机撞击时，他正在87层。 4. But as hard as she tried, as many questions as she asked, the picture began to fade on the 36th floor 但是，尽管她绞尽了脑汁，问了无数问题，她拼出的场景还是在第36层上逐渐模糊了 1.那部关于古代战争的电影采用了先进的技术，令观众仿佛身临其境。( illusion ) Thanks to modern technology , the film about that ancient battlegives the audience the illusion of being on the battlefield themselves. 2.在那场大火中，整个古城毁于一旦，但是这块石碑却幸运地保存了下来（devastate） That ancient city was devastated by the fire, but fortunately the stone tablet survived . 3.他们看了那段录像，听了那位妇女的讲述，心里充满了对那位地震孤儿的同情。（fill with） The videotape and the story by the woman filled them with sympathy for the child who had become an orphan in the earthquake . 4.那场大地震中，我们听到过太多太多教师的事迹，他们拒绝离开学生自己逃生，献出了自己的生命。（leave behind ）In that earthquake , we heard many stories of teachers who had refused to leave their students behind and laid down their lives . 5.豫园的建造始于1558年，但由于资金短缺时建时停，1578年才建成。（off and on ） The construction of the Yu Yuan Garden began in 1558 ,but it was not completed until 1578 because building went off and on for lack of money 6.1980年我遇到她时，她刚从国外读完硕士回来。（meet up with ） In 1980, when I met up with her , she had just returned from abroad with a master’s degree . 7.这是我第一次来纽约，但我还是设法找到了那家小公司。（find one’s way to） It was my first visit to New York , but Imanaged to find my way to the small firm . 8.在电影界要达到顶峰是非常困难的，但是作为一名导演谢晋做到了。( make up ) It is hard to make it to the top in the movie industry , but as a director Xie Jin did it . UNIT 2 1.Middle-aged folks work out in gym and jog down the street, trying to delay the effects of age. 中年人在体育馆锻炼身体 2.The most unsettling aspect of youth is the uncertainty you feel about your values, goals, and dreams. 青年人最不稳定的因素是他们对价值、目标、梦想的不确定。 3.I can make a speech in front of a town meeting or complain in a store because I am no longer terrified that people will laugh at me; I am no longer anxious that everyone must like me. 镇上开会我可以大胆发言 4.I no longer blame my parents for my every personality quirk or keep a running score of everything they did wrong raising me. 我不再因为自己个性方面的缺陷责怪父母 1、如今许多爱慕虚荣的年轻人,尽管还不富裕,但却迷上了漂亮的小汽车。 Many vain young people are obsessed with fancy cars despite the fact that they are not yet rich enough to afford them. 2、当他的婚外恋被妻子发现后,他们的婚姻终于破裂了。 Their marriage finally fell apart when his affair with another woman was found out by his wife. 3、那位艺术家为了获得创作的灵感,在农村住了三年,放弃了生活上的许多享受。 For artistic inspiration, the artist lived in the country for three years, where he denied himself many comforts of life.
一（个、件…） 放弃, 遗弃 能力; 才能 能够; 有能力的 反常的, 不正常的, 变态的, 不规则的 在船[飞机、车] 上, 上船[飞机、车] 取消, 废除(制度等) 失败, 夭折, 中止, 早产 大约; 到处; 四处关于; 在各处; 四处 在…上面上面的在…之上 到（在）国外 突然的, 意想不到的 不在, 缺席 缺席, 不在 绝对的; 完全的, 纯粹的, 净的 吸收, 吸引 摘要, 概要, 抽象抽象的, 深奥的, 理论的荒谬的, 可笑的 丰富的, 充裕的 滥用, 虐待, 辱骂 学院的, 理论的 学院, 研究院, 学会 加速, 促进 口音, 音调 接受 通路, 访问接近 易接近的, 可到达的 事故 住处, 膳宿 陪伴, 伴奏 完成, 达到, 实现 账目; 描述 会计师 积聚, 堆积 精确性, 正确度 正确的, 精确的 控告, 谴责, 非难 通常的, 习惯的 痛, 疼痛 达到, 取得 成就, 功绩 [化]酸, 承认, 答谢, 报偿 相识, 熟人
获得, 学到 获得, 获得物 英亩 横过, 穿过 行动，法令表演, 扮演（角色）; 行动, 做事行动 积极的, 主动的 活动 男演员 女演员 实际的; 现实的 敏锐的, 急性的 公元 (缩) 广告 使适应, 改编 适应, 改编, 改写本 添加, 增加 成瘾的 增加; 加法 地址写姓名地址；演说；称呼 适当的, 足够的 调整, 调节, 校准, 使适合 调整, 调节, 调节器 管理, 经营, 行政部门 令人倾佩的, 值的赞美的, 绝妙的, 极好的 钦佩; 羡慕 准入, 接纳 承认, 准许（入场, 入学） 青春期 青春期的, 青春的 采用, 收养 崇拜, 爱慕, (口语)喜爱 成年人 推进, 促进; 前进 优点; 好处 冒险; 奇遇 为…做广告 广告 忠告, 劝告, 建议 忠告, 劝告, 建议 提倡, 鼓吹 事, 事情 影响，感动 友爱, 爱情, 影响
第一讲汉译英的特点和步骤 一、汉译英的特点和基本程序 1汉译英都是短文翻译,而作为基础则需要从句子开始. 2汉译英题目的测试点：在于测试考生对英语常用词汇、习惯用法和句子结构的掌握情况。同时还要测试考生将汉语短文转换为英语时对上下文的理解。表达原文的连贯性、完整性、以及行文流畅的能力。 3汉译英基本程序－句子翻译 3.1阅读 通读并透彻理解原文汉语句子，分析原文汉语句子的风格、逻辑和句型。 a)风格：正式还是非正式 b)逻辑：短语和短语之间的逻辑关系 c)句型：分析汉语句型，因为汉语句型和英语句型有着特定的对应关系。例子：现在必须采取措施来保护环境（表目的） 分析：找主语－>无主语，也就是无主句 无主语：对应英文三种句型：形式主语、there be句型、被动句型。 例句：必须采取措施保护环境。 1.形式主语: It is necessary..., It is essential... It is necessary to take measures to protect the environment.（不定式表目的）. “必须”：essential, imperative。能用高级词汇就用高级词汇。 It is imperative to adopt measures to protect environment. 2.there be 句型 There is necessity to adopt measures to protect the environment. 3.被动句型(找被动句型的主语－：措施) Measures should be adopted (taken) to protect the environment. 4.特殊句型：是到做某事的时候了 It is time to do sth.... 是到做某事的时候了 It is high time to adopt measures to protect the environment. 使用从句，从句使用虚拟语气，动词用一般过去时 It is high time that measures were adopted to protect the environment. 3.2确定句型、结构 1)确定基准事态，能够避免犯大的语法错误 比如：记叙文――[一般过去时,以及他的变化] 议论文、说明文――一般现在时 2)确定主语、定句型、结构、定修饰语(定、状、补)位置 在理解基础上变换原文汉语句子的说法和词序的过程，即汉英两种语言表达方式的转换过程. 3)译文句子的组织、表达 3.3审校 这是不可缺少的一个重要环节，一定要对照原文，首先检查译文是否正确的转述了原文的内容，是否有错译和漏译；其次，检查是否有语言上的明显错误，如：时态、语态、单复数、拼写、大小写、标点符号等，发现错误，及时改正。动词上的错误永远是大错原则一：每写一个动词，要考虑它的形态 4短文翻译步骤
1.那部关于古代战争的电影采用了先进的技术，令观众仿佛身临其境。 （illusion） The film about ancient war, which adopted advanced technology, left the audience in the illusion that they were actually in it. 2. 在那场大火中，整个古城毁于一旦，但是这块石碑却幸运地保存了下来。（devastate） That ancient city was devastated by the fire, but fortunately the stone tablet survived. 3.他们看了那段录像，听了那位妇女的讲述，心里充满了对那位地震孤儿的同情。（fill with） The videotape and the story by the woman filled them with sympathy for the child who had become an orphan in the earthquake. 4.那场大地震中，我们听到过太多太多教师的事迹，他们拒绝离开学生自己逃生，献出了自己的生命。（leave behind） In that earthquake, we heard many stories of teachers who had refused to leave their students behind and laid down their lives. 5.豫园的建造始于1558年，但由于资金短缺时建时停，1578年才建成。（off and on） The construction of the Yu Yuan Garden began in 1558, but it was not completed until 1578 because building went off and on for lack of money. 6.1980年我遇到她时，她刚从国外读完硕士回来。（meet up with） In 1980, when I met up with her, she had just returned from abroad with a master’s degree. 7.这是我第一次来纽约，但我还是设法找到了那家小公司。（find one’s way to）It was my first visit to New York, but I managed to find my way to the little firm 8.在电影界要达到顶峰时非常困难的，但是作为一名导演谢晋做到了。（make it） It is hard to make it to the top in the movie industry, but as a director Xie Jin did it. 9. 如今很多爱慕虚荣的年轻人，尽管还不富裕，但却迷上了漂亮的小汽车。（vain, be obsessed with） Many vain young people are obsessed with fancy cars despite the fact that they are not yet rich enough to afford them. 10．当他的婚外恋被妻子发现后，他们的婚姻终于破裂了。（affair, fall apart）Their marriage finally fell apart when his affair with another woman was found out by his wife. 11．那位艺术家为了获得创作的灵感，在农村住了三年，放弃了生活上的许多享受。(inspiration, deny oneself something) For artistic inspiration, the artist lived in the country for three years, where he denied himself many comforts of life. 12．我不知道明天去崇明岛的远足活动能不能成行，因为这要取决于会不会下雨。(excursion, at the mercy of)
第八章 旅游文本中典故、诗词、俗语、楹联等的翻译 第一模块：热身练习 翻译下列文本，看旅游文本中一些文化现象在翻译中该如何处理： 1.whicheven part of Scotland takes you fancy,history is never far away.You feel it in the brooding presence of Glencoe,evocative of that treacherous night in 1692 when Campbell soldiers slaughtered MacDonads as they slept. You touch it when you hike tyrough the hills and stumble across the ruins of a deserted shieling. You see it in the weatherworm stones of turreted castales. You hear in in rousing Border ballads and haunting Hebridean melodies. 1.苏格兰令人心仪的地方都连着一段历史。置身格伦科山谷，会感到历史之森然。1692年那个背信弃义的冬夜，坎贝尔上尉率兵趁麦克唐纳族人熟睡时将他们杀害。穿越绵绵山丘，偶见荒屋废墟时，能触摸到历史的脉搏。在古堡塔楼那些风雨侵蚀的石块上，会看见历史的印记。在动人的边区歌谣和难忘的赫布里底音乐中，会听见历史的回音。 2.Englishman Lesline Stephen wass one of the true pioneers of mountaineering. In 1871, when tourism in Switzerland was still in its infancy,he publishesd a book on climbing in the Swiss Alps, aptly titled The Playground of
第一讲汉译英 一、（2012年天津市中考） 根据所给中文意思完成句子，每空限填一词。 1. 我经常帮助妈妈收拾房间。 I often help my mum to _____________ _____________ the room 2. 2010年以来，这个地区发生了很大的变化。 Great changes have ___________ ___________ in this area since 2010. 3. 他们正在建一条隧道，它将穿过这座山。 They are building a tunnel, and it will _________ _____________ the mountain. 4. 他现在不在办公室。 He isn’t in the office __________. 5. 我想下个星期顺便看望一下吉尔。 I think I’ll _______ __________ on Jill next week. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 二、（2012年北京市中考）根据中文意思完成句子。 1. 很抱歉我没能参加你的生日晚会。 _____for missing your birthday party. 2. 你在课余时间喜欢读书吗？ Do you _____ in your spare time? 3. 杰克会和同学们相处得很好。 Jack will _____ his classmates. 4. 这个演讲非常精彩。我们都听得很认真。 The speech _____ we all listened carefully. 5. 他们很难在这么短的时间内想出新的办法。 _____ a new way in such a short time. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 三、（2012年兰州市中考） 根据所给汉语将下列句子补充完整（每空一词）。
Unit 2 （P35） 1.“不以物喜，不以己悲”出自北宋文学家范仲淹的《岳阳楼记》，意识是凡事都要以一颗 平常心看待，不因外部事物的好坏和自己的得失而或喜或悲。 Being not pleased by external gains, nor saddened by personal losses is a statement from the essay “Remarks of Yueyang Tower” by Fan Zhongyan, a writer of the Northern Song Dynasty. The statement means one should look at and accept things as they are, and remain unbothered by external matters or personal gains or losses. 2.它是一种思想境界，体现了中国的传统道家思想，教导人们最求一种淡然平静的心态。It is a mental outlook that reflects the traditional Taoist ideas of China, instructing people to become calm and detached. 3.在物质文明高度发达的今天，保持这种心态仍显得十分重要。 Even today, when we have a highly developed material civilization, keeping such a state of mind is still important. 4.当你拥有了这种心境，生活就会多一些阳光，多一些快乐。 When you possess such a state of mind, you will be able to live a brighter and more joyous life. ●external n. 外部；外观；外面adj. 外部的；表面的；[药] 外用的；外国的；外面的 ●statement n. 声明；陈述，叙述；报表，清单 ?final statement决算表; 最终报表; 最后陈述; 结算单 ●remarks n. 评论（remark的复数）；摘要；附注 ?remark n. 注意；言辞vt. 评论；觉察vi. 谈论 ●detached v. 分离adj. 分离的，分开的；超然的 ●Spiritual civilization 精神文明material civilization 物质文明 Unit 4 （P73） 1.20世纪中后期，随着科学技术的迅速发展，以网络技术为代表的高科技相继问世。 In the middle and late 20th century, the rapid development of science and technology witnessed the birth of high technology, represented by the Internet. 2.但与此同时，以网络犯罪为代表的各种高科技犯罪也开始出现，对社会的健康发展带来 潜在的威胁。 But at the same time various high-tech crimes, as represented by cybercrime, also arose, constituting a potential threat to the healthy development of society. 3.如何预防和减少高科技犯罪已成为受到普遍关注的问题。中国也面临着同样的问题。How to prevent and reduce high-tech crimes has become a common concern. China is facing a similar situation. 4.为避免或减少由此带来的损失，在日常生活中，我们应该提高警惕，避免上当受骗。To avoid or reduce losses caused by high-tech crimes, we should keep alert in our daily lives, so as not to be deceived. ●Cybercrime n. 网络犯罪 ●Pose a potential threat 带来潜在的威胁 ◆Pose vi. 摆姿势；佯装；矫揉造作n. 姿势，姿态；