文学文本翻译_中翻英共44页

In the twilight, a myriad of rosy clouds were shining upon the sky, with which the sky blended in one color that it was hard to tell the clouds from the water. Adding an animate touch to sheep at browse on the riverside, too occupied to look up at the beautiful dusk. It seemed that they were seizing the day to snatch one more feed before heading home. This is a scene on the
汉英词汇语义美与翻译
句（1）也就在这一幅绚烂的图画旁边，在河湾之 畔，一群羊正在低头觅食。 Some sheep; a herd of sheep; the cattle of sheep; a crowd of sheep; a term of sheep; a group of sheep; 汉语一个量词在英语中常有许多相应的名词来表达 相应的概念。 A group of people; a herd of cattle; a flock of sheep; a pack of wolves; a swarm of bees. 试卷中出现的a pack of sheep把羊变成了“狼”， a gang of sheep 把羊变成了“盗贼”，a swarm of sheep把羊变成了“昆虫”。
(3) Beside this splendid picture a flock of sheep were browsing on the riverside, too occupied to look up at the beautiful dusk.

丑石贾平凹 我常常遗憾我家门前的那块丑石呢：它黑黝黝地卧在那里，牛似的模样；谁也不知道是什么时候留在这里的.谁也不去理会它。

只是麦收时节，门前摊了麦子，奶奶总是要说：这块丑石，多碍地面哟，多时把它搬走吧。

于是，伯父家盖房，想以它垒山墙，但苦于它极不规则，没棱角儿，也没平面儿；用赘破开吧，又懒得花那么大气力，因为河滩并不甚远.随便去掬一块回来，哪一块也比它强。

房盖起来，压铺台阶，伯父也没有看上它。

有一年，来了一个石匠，为我家洗一台石磨，奶奶又说：用这块五石吧，省得从远处搬动。

石匠看了看，摇着头，嫌它石质太细，也不采用。

它不像汉白玉那样的细腻，可以凿下刻字雕花，也不像大青石那样的光滑，可以供来院纱捶布;它静静地卧在那里，院边的槐荫没有庇孤它，花儿也不再在它身边生长。

荒草便繁衍出来，枝蔓上下，慢慢地，竟锈上了绿苔、黑斑。

我们这些做孩子的，也讨庆起它来，曾合伙要搬走它，但力气又不足；虽时时咒骂它，嫌弃它，也无可奈何，只好任它留在那里去了。

稍稍能安慰我们的，是在那石上有一个不大不小的坑凹儿，雨天就盛满了水。

常常雨过三天了.地上已经于燥，那石凹里水儿还有，鸡儿便去那里渴饮。

每每到了十五的夜晚，我们盼着满月出来，就爬到其上，翘望天边；奶奶总是要骂的，害怕我们摔下来。

果然那一次就摔了下来，磕破了我的膝盖呢。

人都骂它是丑石，它真是丑得不能再丑的丑石了。

终有一日，村子里来了一个天文学家。

他在我家门前路过，突然发现了这块石头，眼光立即就拉直了。

他再没有走去，就住了下来；以后又来了好些人，说这是一块陨石，从天上落下来己经有二三百年了，是一件了不起的东西。

不久便来了车，小心翼翼地将它运走了。

这使我们都很惊奇!这又怪又丑的石头，原来是天上的呢！它补过天，在天上发过热，闪过光，我们的先祖或许仰望过它，它给了他们光明、向往、憧憬:而它落下来了，在污土里，荒草里，一躺就是几百年了?!奶奶说: “真看不出:它那么不一般，却怎么连墙也垒不成，台阶也垒不成呢?” “它是太丑了。

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• （四）韵律感 • 文学作品中经常采取押韵、节奏、拟声等手段增强语
言的形象性和生动性。 • Romance is the privilege of the rich, not the
profession of the unemployed. The poor
should be practical and prosaic.
in his studies. He painted a glowing picture of the
other boy’s admirable character and lovable qualities. (Translated by Yang Hsien-yi and Gladys Yang) （译文基本上紧扣原文，遣词地道，意译贾母。）
• It is the East, and Juliet is the sun! • 那就是东方，朱丽叶就是太阳！
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• （三）含蓄性
• 通篇直白的文学作品很难说是好的文学作品。好的文学作品往 往留下足够的空间让读者去想像、去思索、去回味。因此，含 蓄性也是文学语言的一大特色。
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• Approaching a little, you may find that they have white and clean teeth as well as profuse yet innocent expressions.
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• 话说宝玉和凤姐回家，见过众人，宝玉回明贾母要约秦钟 上家塾之事，自己也有个伴读的朋友，正好发奋；又着实 称赞秦钟人品行事，最是可人怜爱的。
文学文体的翻译

鸽子有凤头的，有黑翅的， 有纯白的，还有带芝麻点儿 The pigeons included 的。但，翅膀都同样的娇健。 phoenix-headed, black-
winged, pure white and even blacked-dotted, but their wings are all the same—very strong.


耐 力


Perseverance
A pigeon is flying in the air with a whistle tied to its leg. A melodious sonority（声音） can be heard in the air. The sky is blue with only one or two white drifting clouds. The pigeon hovers above. The twists and turns of the whistle sound caused by the somersaults（翻筋斗） of the pigeon can be heard, too.

几个女人羞红着脸告辞出来, 摇开靠在岸边上的小船.现 在已经快到晌午了,万里无 云,可是因为在水上,还有些 凉风.这风从南面吹过来,从 稻秧上苇尖吹过来,水面没 有一只船,水象无边的跳荡 的水银.

Shamed-faced and blushing, the women took their leave and rowed off again. It was nearly noon, without a cloud in the sky, but on the river was a breeze from the paddy fields and rushed in the south. There was the only boat afloat on the endless expanse of water like rippling quicksilver.

I thought of that one evening as I was driving. The moon, one day short of fullness, rode with me, first gliding smoothly, then bouncing over the bumpy stretches, now on my right, then straight ahead, the silver light washing over dry grasses in open fields, streaking along through black branches, finally disappearing as the road wound its way through the一轮满月晃晃悠悠地悬浮在上面，离我们那么近，仿佛就要掉下来撞到我们身上。它光华照人，比前一天晚上还大，更令人心驰神往，在熔银般的水塘上空悄悄地爬升。就连十岁的孩童也能看出，这不仅仅是个月亮。这是个大写的月亮。
我转过身，只见约翰正咧着嘴笑，满脸期盼的神情；他热切的目光想从我的脸上探明他是否博得了我的欢心。他确实博得了我的欢心。我意识到现在月儿也正在随他同行。
（方杰译）
讲解
这是一篇非常优美的关于月亮的散文，它将细腻的描写和真挚的情感及人生感悟交融在一起。翻译这样的文章，译者不仅要译出基本信息——字面上的意思，还要译出原文的韵味。这就需要在选词、句式安排及形象化词语的运用上仔细琢磨，不仅要注意字、句上的局部效果，更要注意段落、篇章的整体效果。
John blinked a few times and looked at me as if I might, indeed, be loony. “Mom, it’s just the moon. Is this the surprise?” I suppose he was hoping for a puppy.

也就在这一幅绚烂的图画旁边，在河湾之畔，一群羊正在低头觅食。

Beside this picture with profusions of colors, a group of sheep are lowing their heads, eating by the river bank. Just beside this splendid picture, a flock of sheep are grazing with bent heads by the riverside. 中文中的动词转化
增加句子主语


文学文本
信息功能
表情功能

文学文本主要功能
美感功能 呼唤功能
信息功能

Just beside this splendid picture, a flock of sheep are grazing with bent heads by the riverside. This is a scene taking place on the shore of the Yellow River.
Here the water grass is so luxuriant and tender that the sheep have battened on them


表（达）情（感）功能

Hardly any of them cares to look up and throw a glance at the beautiful twilight.
They are, perhaps, taking use of every minute to enjoy their last chew before being driven home. The ample fresh water and exuberant plants had nurtured the sheep, making them grow as round as chubby babies. When approaching near, you would find their lovely faces with white teeth and a variety of innocent facial impressions.

文学翻译（汉译英）2010145135，徐祖炎A lantern, forlorn and ruthless,was fluttering against the dark. A traveler, far from home, was moaning alone at night.I dropped into a light dream, a dream full of pieces of a broken heart.It was a worn-out heart, it roamed, it wandered. The tides heaved and dropped, patting off the rotten stone foam. I stood on the edge of cliff, gazing afar, for such a long time--- the sea had dried up, the sun gone, the moon perished. And, myself, fossilized, was gazing afar with time.The sun hung on a tree, dancing dead leaves spread the sky.Singing and drinking, I swallowed unconceivable misery.At twilight, birds dotted the sky, I looked up, desiring flying under the vast blackness. By the lanes, gentle willows were dancing. Under the little bridges, crystal water was trickling. The fish were gleaming, the butterflies fluttering, the shades moving, the sun setting. I walked in the refreshening breeze, indulging it blowing my hair, tugging the corner of my frock. The fragrance of laurel ,orchid and mud was luring me, wild flowers showing courtesy. I ran, under the indigo sky,on the vast plains.I became carefree, my dream turned into a flying lantern,which, at the beginning, flied along the edge of the sky where white clouds and light haze encountered, then ,quietly,the lantern dropped on the plain torest.The night was approaching. A gust of wind sweeping across the grassland, lifting withered grass. I stood up and walked towards Jiangnan, wanting to see its mysterious rain and haze.Rivers, mountains spread the whole country, heroes,historical events are unaccountable. I had traveled around my country, I was tired. When I looked back, the one thing I found is my shadow. Thus, I ran,with great pains, wishing I could go back. Time goes by,things become strange, all of a sudden, I forgot the way back home. Then, I searched and searched, but I could not find it. The clock kept ticking, I got lost on the road of searching. I became scared, I rushed about aimlessly, I crossed thousands of rivers, millions of mountains. Gradually, I was surrounded by helplessness, suffocated by loneliness. I struggled hard, but had no power to unchain the shackles of fear. Just like that, as if at the bottom of an abyss,I died, slowly, of loneliness, fear, blankness, helplessness and then turned into a pile of dust.A thousand years later,on a night of thunders and lightning, I resurrected, it’s hard to belive, but I did, yes, I was born again, now,I am the new person standing right before you.The laurel bloomed,the moon shined, I raised my glass,drinking with the moon. With tipsy eyes, I looked up and saw leaves of Chinese parasol trees rain heavily, into which I poured my ever-lastingsentiments. A gust of chilling wind came, my jade glass dropped and broke.The moon had set. Feeling drowsy, I slowly dropped into sleep. When the morning sun revealed itself again, I lay on a quiet bed, nothing changed. Alas, the night was just a dream! The broken heart doesn't matter much, the lighthouse on that high mountain is still bright, with this light, I can at least find my way home, even if the way is a trail of tears and blood.。

Hold infinity in the palm of your hand And eternity in an hour ------by William Blake
一花一世界， 一沙一天国。 君掌盛无边， 刹那含永劫。
用到了“互文”的修辞手法，但是，精
彩已经不需要解释
长句的翻译
长句，尤其是流水句的翻译最是困 难，一方面要做到忠于原文，另一方 面又不能翻得平淡无奇，空洞乏味。
• 精译：她美丽依旧，若非风华正茂，也未 到迟暮之年。
仿文言文译法。
-hose who are the most distrustful of themselves , are the most envious of others ; as the most weak and cowardly are the most revengeful
例子
Give me the clear blue sky over my head, and the green turf beneath my feet, a winding road before me, and a three hours' march to dinner -- and then to thinking! It is hard if I cannot start some game on these lone heaths. I laugh, I run, I leap, I sing for joy.
• 粗译：我可不能带了脚镣来跳舞。
• 译文：击链而舞，非吾所能。（钱钟书 译）
• 例2．She has beauty still, and, if it be not in its heyday, it is not yet in its autumn.

Unit 1 黄昏[1]诺曼•格茨比坐在公园的长凳上，背靠一块栽有灌木的狭长草地，草地被公园的栏杆包围着。

隔着宽阔的马车道，对面是伦敦海德公园的跑马场。

紧靠他右边，海德公园的演讲角那边传来嘈杂的车马声。

这是一个三月初的傍晚，大约六点半左右的光景，在月光和众多街灯的照耀下，浓重而柔和的暮色笼罩了一切。

马路以及人行道上空无一人，然而黯淡的光线底下却有许多不起眼的身影在悄悄地活动，或者三三两两地坐在长凳和椅子上，简直难以将他们从周围的暗处分辨出来。

[2]这一情景让格茨比心旷神怡，也颇符合他此时的心境。

在他心目中，黄昏是失意者的时刻。

那些经历了奋斗和失败的男男女女们，在这夜幕降临的时刻纷纷出来活动。

他们尽可能掩饰自己没落的命运和破灭的希望，以躲避好奇者的详细探究。

他们衣衫褴褛，双肩佝偻，神色黯然，而这个时刻不会有人注意他们，至少不会被人认出来。

[3]亡国之君必将遭遇奇异目光，心痛的滋味如此苦涩。

[4]那些徘徊在暮色中的人们不愿受到奇异目光的注视，因此才在这蝙蝠活动的时刻出得门来，在游乐园的正当游客散尽之后前来寻找一点可怜的乐子。

在由灌木和栅栏形成的屏障那边，是另一个亮如白昼、车水马龙的世界。

黄昏中的万家灯火几乎驱散了夜幕，照亮了那些另一些人们常去的地方。

他们在人生的搏斗中站稳了脚跟，至少还没到承认失败的那一刻。

在这空荡荡的路边，格茨比坐在长凳上不禁浮想联翩。

他沉浸在自己的思绪中，把自己也归入失意者的行列。

其实格茨比并无衣食之虞；只要他愿意，他完全可以信步走到那些灯火通明、熙来攘往的大街上，在那些享受荣华富贵以及为之而彼此倾轧的人们中找到属于自己的位子。

他的抱负更为微妙，但是他失败了。

此刻他感到伤心和幻灭，便带着嘲弄的心情观察起那些同他一样，在街灯照射不到的阴暗处徘徊的人们，将他们分门别类以便从中得些乐趣。

[5]在他身边，有位老人和他坐在同一条长凳上。

这位老人身上有一种已趋消沉的桀骜不逊的气质，这种气质恐怕已只是一个不再对任何人或事构成挑战的人身上一点自尊的残余而已。

3. From the passage, we got the idea(s); _____. A. poetry belongs to all human beings B. poetry plays with sounds, words and grammar C. poetry often follows special patterns of rhythm and rhyme D. all of the above
5. From the text, we can infer that _____. A. we’d better read poems in English B. translated poems can’t express intrinsic meaning of original poems C. there is no advantage of reading English poetry in Chinese translation D. Chinese translation poems are as good as English poems
⑤
George Gordon Byron
⑥
John Keats
⑦
William Wordsworth
Modern poets 20th
⑧ Robert Frost
the introduction of English poetry to China (the end of 19th )
1910---1930
Unit 4
Reading
汉英翻译 poet Poem Poetry Grammer Image Glory Follow Character
sonnet rhythm rhyme generation isle district attraction embrace translate atmosphere absence literature light up play with bring together remind of pattern

中英对照全译本(Chinese and English Bilingual Translation)译者注：本文以中英对照的方式，对一篇文章进行全文翻译，以展示不同语言之间的表达差异和相互转换的要点。

以下为原文及翻译：Original Text:"Learning a new language is a rewarding but challenging experience. It requires patience, dedication, and a lot of practice. While there are many methods and resources available for language learning, one of the most effective ways is through immersion. Immersion involves surrounding oneself with the language, whether it be by living in a country where the language is spoken or by actively seeking out opportunities to practice and interact with native speakers. This article will explore the benefits of language immersion and provide tips for incorporating it into your language learning journey."Translation:“学习一门新语言是一项有回报但具有挑战性的经历。

这需要耐心、奉献和大量的练习。

虽然有很多语言学习的方法和资源可供选择，但其中最有效的方法之一是通过沉浸学习。

英语美文原文及其译文英语美文原文及其译文（精选10篇）美文，指文学、修辞、诗歌艺术的总体，”修辞和诗歌也可以由“文学”来概括。

以下是店铺为大家整理的英语美文原文及其译文，欢迎阅读，希望大家能够喜欢。

英语美文原文及其译文篇1Storms Always Give Way to the Sun阳光总在风雨后What is the secret ingredient of tough people that enanble them to succeed? Why do they survive the tough times when others are overcome by them? why do they win when others lose, why do they soar when others sink?The answer is very simple. It is all in how they perceive their problems. Yes,every living person has problems. A problem-free life is an illsion - a mirage in the desert. Accept that fact.Every mountain has a peak. Every valley has its low point. Life has its ups and downs, its peaks and its valleys. No one is up all the time, nor are they down all the time. Problems do end, they are all resolved in time.You may not be able to control the times, but you can compose your response. You can turn your pain into provanity or into poetry. The choice is up to you. You may not have chosen your tough time, but you can choose how you will react to it. For instance, what is the positive reaction to a terrible financial setback? Would it be a positive reaction to cop out or run away? Escape through alcohol? No! Such negative reactions only produce greater problems by promising a temporary "solution" to the pressing problem. The positve solution to a problem may require courage to initiate it. When you control your reaction tothe seemingly uncontrolable problem of life, then in fact you do control the problem's effect on you. Your reaction to the problem is the last word! That is bottom line. What will you let this problem do to you? It can make you tender or tough. It can make you better or bitter. It all depends on you.In the final analysis, tough people who survive the tough times do so because they have chosen to react positvely to their predicament. Tough times never last, but tough people do. Tough people stick it out. History teach us that each problem has a lifespan .No problem is permanent.Storms always give way to the sun. Winters always thaws into springtime. Your storm will pass. Your winter will thaw. Your problem would be solved.译文：坚韧不拔的人成功的秘诀是什么？他们为什么能挺过艰难的时刻，而其他人却被困难所压倒？为什么成功的是他们而失败的人是其他人？为什么他们一飞冲天，而其他人却深陷泥沼？答案很简单，全看他们是如何看待自己面临的难题的。

Certain Things Last（某些持续的事情）For a year now I have been thinking of writing a certain book. (这一年来，我一直想写一本有把握（在思考着写一本自己已经酝酿许久）的书）“Well, tomorrow I’ll get atit,” I’ve been saying to myself.（“好吧，明天我就完成它”过去自己一直这么说）（好，明天就开始动手写，我一直对自己这么说。

）Every night when I get into bed I think about the book（每天晚上上床睡觉时就想着那本书）. The people that are to be put between its covers dance before my eyes. （那些即将出现在作品里面的角色在我眼前跳舞）I live in the city of Chicago and at night motor trucks to rumbling along the roadway outside my house. Not so very far away there is an elevated railroad and after twelve o’clock at night trains pass at pretty long intervals.（我在芝加哥生活，一到晚上，就听到家外面的公路上那些运货卡车隆隆地响。

不远处有一条高架铁路，晚上过了十二点以后火车就开始通过，相互间隔得很远）Before it began I went to sleep during one of the quieter intervals but now that the idea of writing this book has got into me I lie awake and think.（过去在十二点之前趁着那一会儿的安静空隙入睡，但现在我躺在床上思考，脑海出现了写书的想法）For one thing it is hard to get the whole idea of the book fixed in the setting of the city I live in now.（在我如今居住的城市环境中要想得到这本书确切的想法很难）I wonder if you who do not try to write books, perhaps will understand what I mean.（我很惊奇如果你没有尝试过写书，也许会明白我说什么）Maybe you will, maybe you won’t. It is a little hard to explain. You see, it’s something like this. （也许你会明白，或者不明白。

Youth青春Youth is not a time of life; it is a state of mind; it is not a matter of rosy cheeks, red lips and supple knees; it is a matter of the will, a quality of the imagination, a vigor of the emotions; it is the freshness of the deep springs of life.青春不是年华，而是心境；它不是桃面，朱唇，柔膝；它是坚定的意志，驰骋的想象，炽热的情感；它是生命的深泉，汩汩地涌出。

Youth means a temperamental predominance of courage over timidity, of the appetite for adventure over the love of ease. This often exists in a man of 60 more than a boy of 20. Nobody grows old merely by a number of years. We grow old by deserting our ideals.青春气贯长虹，勇锐盖过怯弱，进取压倒苟安。

如此锐气，二十后生而有之，六旬男子则更多见。

年岁有加，并非垂老，理想丢弃，方堕暮年。

Years may wrinkle the skin, but to give up enthusiasm wrinkles the soul. Worry, fear, self-distrust bows the heart and turns the spirit back to dust.岁月悠悠，衰微只及肌肤；热忱抛却，颓废必致灵魂。

忧烦，惶恐，丧失自信，定使心灵扭曲，意气如灰。

文学翻译：1．《柳家大院》（节选）原文作者：老舍这两天我们大‎院里又透着热‎闹，出了人命。

事情可不能由‎这儿说起，得打头来。

先交代我自己‎吧。

我是个算命的‎先生，我也卖过酸枣‎、落花生什么的‎。

那可是先前的‎事了。

现在我在街上‎摆卦摊儿；好了呢，一天也抓弄三‎毛五毛的。

老伴儿早死啦‎，儿子拉洋车。

我们爷儿俩住‎着柳家大院的‎一间北房。

除了我这间北‎房，大院里还有二‎十多间房呢。

一共住着多少‎家子，谁说得清？住两间房的就‎不多，又搭上今儿个‎搬来，明儿个又搬来‎，我没那么好的‎记性。

大家见面，招呼声“吃了吗？”透着和气，不说呢，也没什么。

大家一天到晚‎为嘴奔命，没有工夫扯闲‎盘儿。

爱说话的自然‎也有。

可得先吃饱啦‎。

王家住两间房‎。

老王和我算是‎柳家大院最“文明”的人了。

“文明”是三孙子。

2．《柳家大院》（节选）译文A pretty‎kick-up has been the order of the day again in our compou‎n d lately‎, for a life has been lost.But‎this‎isn’t‎the‎way‎to‎open‎the‎ball‎. We should‎go the whole animal‎.First , a few words about myself‎.I’m‎a‎fortun‎e-teller‎. Once I was a vender‎of sour dates , ground‎-nuts and what not. But that was ages ago. Now I keep a fortun‎e-teller‎’s‎stall‎on‎the‎side-walk and can scrape‎up three or five dimes a day at best. My old gal had long kicked‎up her heels. My‎son’s‎a‎ricksh‎a w-boy. That’s‎what‎he’s. We two , father‎and son , hang our hats at a south-facing‎room in the Liu’s‎compou‎n d.Beside‎s the room we occupy‎there are twenty‎more rooms in the same compou‎n d. How many famili‎e s live there , only God knows. Those who occupy‎two rooms are quite few. Beside‎s , they are always‎on‎the‎go.‎I‎haven’t‎got‎such‎a‎good‎memor y‎as to rememb‎e r all that. When people‎meet , they‎greet‎each‎other‎with‎a‎“How‎do‎you‎do‎?”, just to show their good neighb‎o urly feelin‎g s. But if they should‎cut each other dead , nobody‎would care. When‎one’s‎knocke‎d about from pillar‎to post for his bread day in and day out , he‎won’t‎find‎ginger‎enough‎for gas and gaiter‎s. Of course‎, there’s‎those‎who‎are‎all‎jaw‎like‎a‎sheep’s‎head‎among‎us. But one can hardly‎be in a mood for rag-chewin‎g‎when‎one’s‎guts‎cry‎cupboa‎r d .The Wang family‎occupi‎e s two rooms. Old Wang and I are consid‎e red the gentee‎l fork in the compou‎n d. Gentil‎i ty be hanged‎!注释：kick-up：有了问题，出了毛病open the ball：作为开头what not：诸如此类的东‎西old gal：（口）老伴kicked‎up‎one’s‎heels‎：(俚) 死ricksh‎a w ：人力车，黄包车hang‎one’s‎hats‎on:指望，依靠on the go：（口）忙个不停cut sb. dead：不理睬某人knock about ：（口）漂泊，游荡from pillar‎to post ：四处奔走着，到处碰壁地，for his bread (俚) ＝for his moneyday in and day out ：日复一日，每天不间断地‎ginger‎：（口）精力，活力，劲头gas ：（俚）令人非常满意‎（或愉快的）的事（或人）be‎all‎jaw‎(like‎a‎sheep’s‎head)‎：全是空话，废话连篇rag ：（俚）姑娘，情人（指女性）guts：（用作单）贪食者be hanged‎：（用于诅咒语中‎）不得好死3．原文言语风格‎分析老舍先生是善‎于运用群众的‎言语大师。