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学习资料高考英语二轮创新复习专题四第三节基础保分二代词和介词练习含解析班级：科目：代词和介词Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．On/Upon seeing his mother，the little boy flew to her and hugged her.2．In the 1980s，he was on The Times newspaper。
3．To his sorrow，he didn't pass the English exam。
4．Yang Luoshuo，a 92year.old man from Weifang City,Shandong Province，is among those who have had a great love of the arts.5．A meta。
analysis of hundreds of studies concluded that the device was “possibly or probably effective” as__a treatment for depression.6．We have various summer camps for your holiday，so you can choose one based on your own interests。
7．In some countries，people eat with chopsticks,while in others，knives and forks。
8．It is said that when Greek hero Odysseus eventually returned home after 20 years away at war,only his dog Argos recognized him，who was overjoyed to see its（it）owner again after so many years.9．She encourages others to make their own choices,and to respect hers(she)，too。
2022届新高考英语语法二轮复习基础微专题定语从句（四）介词+关系代词，关系副词：when, where一、带介词的定语从句1. 固定词组，介词置于后，关系代词使用灵活.This is the hair clip (whom / who/ that) she is looking after.类似的固定词组：look after, turn off, take care of, make up2. 非固定词组，介词位置灵活，关系代词使用严格The woman (whom/ who/ that) I spoke to is a classmate of mine.The girl to whom I spoke is a friend of .3. 介词词组（关系代词远离先行词）In front of, on top of ,at the foot of, with the help of, as a result of.We stand outside a building in front of which stands a library.We arrived at a hill, on top of which stood a tower.4. 代词/数词+of +关系代词He has written many books, most of which are for children.=He has written many books, of which most are in Chinese.We have many students, two of whom have won prizes of international competitions.5. 介词+whose 修饰后面的名词：He is the very man in whose pocket I found my lost money.二、关系副词的用法比较下面的几组句子：a. I will never forget the day.b. I first met you on the seashore on the day .合并成一个定语从句：I will never forget the day on which I first met you on the seashore.先行词在定语从句中，做状语：介词on + 先行词（介词短语在句子中做状语）= I will never forget the day when I first met you on the seashore.when 在定语从句中，做时间状语易错题型例句：I will never forget the days which/that we spent together in that school.定语从句中，spent 缺少宾语。
新高考高中英语语法二轮复习【全国通用】代词考点讲义25【精讲版】介词+反身代词的重要搭配知识点总结搭配一 among oneself该搭配中的反身代词通常为ourselves, themselves，且通常与动词agree, argue, quarrel, decide, divide, talk 等搭配，表示“彼此”“互相”“……之间”之类的意思。
如：They were busy arguing among themselves. 他们忙着互相争论。
We were always quarrelling among ourselves. 我们之间老是互相争吵。
They talked among themselves while they waited. 他们一边等着一边互相谈话。
Volunteers divided the different jobs among themselves. 志愿者们分担各种不同的工作。
The trainees decide among themselves what programs to take. 受训者自行选择所学课程。
The trou ble was they couldn’t agree among themselves.麻烦的是他们自己不能取得一致的意见。
有时也与discussion, dispute等名词搭配。
如：They had a heated discussion among themselves. 他们之间进行了热烈的讨论。
They tried to settle disputes among themselves. 他们试图解决彼此之间的纠纷。
搭配二 between ourselves该搭配为英语中的固定短语，意思是“勿与外人道私下说的话”“咱们私下说说（不足为外人道）”等，在具体语境中通常可以有比较灵活的翻译。
如：All this is between ourselves. 这些我们只是私下说说。
易错点1 单个介词的误用1.（2017·北京）Many people who live along the coast make a living ___________ fishing industry.A. atB. inC. onD. by【错因分析】本题学生易误选C项或D项。
很多学生不仔细看题，就认为本题是考查make a living on (doing) sth. 以……为生/谋生，直接选C项；也有学生会误以为本题考查by(以……方式，借助……手段)而误选D。
【试题解析】句意：许多住在海边上的人都是靠渔业来谋生的。
此处用介词in，不用by，因为by后面通常接做什么事情来谋生，此处是指在捕鱼这个行业里谋生，用in，故选B。
【正确答案】B常见介词的基本用法介词在英语中的使用很广泛，也是高考中的重点，正确使用介词是很重要的，下面归类讲述一些重点介词的用法：一、表示时间的介词1. in，on，at，over(1)in表示在一段时间之内。
通常时间较长，如世纪、朝代、时代、年、季节、月及一般(非特指)的早、中、晚等。
如：in the 1950s，in 1989，in summer，in January，in one’s thirties，in the morning等。
(2)on表示具体的某一天及其早、中、晚。
如：on May 1st，on Monday，on a cold night in January, on a fine morning等。
(3)at表示在一个时间点上。
指某一时刻或较短暂的时间，也泛指圣诞节，复活节等。
如：at 3：20，at this time of year，at Christmas，at night，at this moment等。
(4)over后面接一段时间，表示＂超过……＂或＂在……期间＂。
(5)在last，next，this，that，some，every等词之前通常不用介词。
步骤四巩固兼提升，满分收囊中一、代词专练Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．(2018·贵州黔东南州第一次联考)As early as the Warring States Period,in order to protect (they),kingdoms built walls around their territories(领土)．[解析]protect后面接反身代词，表示保护某人自己。
结合句意，应填themselves。
[答案]themselves2．(2018·山西45校第一次联考)Wouldn't be amazing to have this kind of self－confidence?[解析]后面的动词不定式短语to have this kind of self－confidence作句子中真正的主语，故前面需要用it作形式主语。
[答案]it3．(2018·安徽合肥第一次联考)Unlike those taxis,my vehicle does not run on petrol or diesel (柴油)or even gas,runs on my sweat.[解析]此处的it是替代词，替代了前面的my vehicle。
[答案]it4．(2018·湖南益阳、湘潭调研)Does your diet affect(you)mood?[解析]句意：“你的饮食会影响情绪吗？”由空处后的名词mood可知此处应填形容词性物主代词，根据句意可知此处应该是“你的”，故填your。
[答案]your5．(2018·黑龙江大庆四校联考)I started sounding more confident and realized that the more confident you sound,the moreseems that you know what you are doing.[解析]此处考查了句型It seems that...“看起来……”。
专题02代词、介词和介词短语年份卷别代词（2022-2024）三年（6考）介词和介词短语（2022-2024）三年（12考）命题趋势2024新高考I 卷as 代词：研究最近几年高考真题可知，对代词的考查主要集中在：1.考查代词词形转换及代词的句法功能。
无词填空中对it 的特殊用法也是高考的热点。
介词：高考对介词的考查集中在：1.介词的基本用法和含义。
2.介词短语介词与其他词类的搭配。
新高考II 卷to (be similar to)浙江卷1月ones 全国甲卷its for 2023新高考I 卷their by 新高考II 卷with 全国甲卷we 改为us for 全国乙卷his →her to 浙江卷1月as 2022新高考I 卷as新高考II 卷全国甲卷we 改为us 删除of 全国乙卷by浙江卷1月浙江卷6月at 北京卷themselves in考点01代词1.（2024年浙江卷1月·语法填空）Who knows,perhaps some of the more forward-looking ________(one)mayyet come out with a whole range of“just for you”pack sizes with special offers as well.【答案】ones【解析】考查代词。
句意：谁知道呢，也许一些更有远见的人可能还会推出一系列“只为你”的包装尺寸，并提供特别优惠。
代词one意为“一个人”，在some of后应用复数形式。
故填ones。
2.（2024年全国甲卷语法填空）This area,with_______(it)unique and breathtaking natural beauty,must be well preserved for all people of the nation to enjoy-as a national park.【答案】its【解析】考查代词。
专题二考点03 介词和介词短语（A卷）一、单句语法填空1、Did the experiment find any differences in __________(term) of what children learned?2、Roy’s father was knocked_________ by a car.3、Mom told me that nothing ___________ the color red looked good ___________ my skin.4、Even if my tears turn _____________ a stream in May, still it can’t carry all my grief away.5、This community has been generous ____________ whatever they are able to donate, modest or substantial, physical or financial, to help their neighbors ______________ need.6、He studied hard day and night, aiming passing the college entrance exam.7、It’s obvious that British English an d American English have a lot in common though they differ some aspects.8、Happiness belongs _____________ those who dare to have dreams and are ready to make___________(they) real.9、More and more young people continue hunting ___________ jobs in traditional companies while operating their online business.10、Today, we live longer, and more people _____________ ever before in history have access to food.11、It has long been believed that getting at least eight hours of sleep a night is goodhealth.12、He ran away from home the age of thirteen.13、14、Although I tried my best to convince them__________the importance and urgency of the operation, the doctors were not convinced__________(perform) it immediately.15、Read it once to understand the story, once again to appreciate the way the characters are described and the story develops and finally to become really familiar _______________ the new vocabulary and expressions.二、单句语法改错1、So my friends,let’s go to work through riding bicycles.2、A sudden stop can be a very frightening experience，especially if you are travelling in high speed.3、He has calculated the day of the week in which the Spring Festival will fall.4、Are you afraid that your friend would laugh you?5、There was no rain for weeks in end during July and August last year.6、At last,they reached the boat tied on a tree.7、The salary will be fixed according as qualifications and experience.8、In short, I believe that it is in great use to keep a diary in English for the development of our writing skills.9、He was in his early forties, tall and blond of bright blue eyes.10、Many students in our class are weak on English reading comprehension.三、阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
代词代词是语法结构中的重要一环，代词是用来起替代作用的。
经常出现在高考试题中的代词有：人称代词、物主代词、反身代词，指示代词、疑问代词和不定代词等。
近几年来对代词的考查比较多，代词的漏用、误用；各种人称代词的主格、宾格形式；某些不定代词、指示代词的特定用法；it的用法；从句中连接代词用法、关系代词的用法及区别等是高考的热点。
非常明显，近五年代词的考查点集中在不定代词及指示代词上，考查角度有两个：一是考查它们相互间的意义和功能差别，如：a11，everything和anything等的意义差别.it that和one不同的指代功能；二是它们之间语法特征的差异，如it(代词)和which(关系代词)的区别。
试题注重了情景干扰，注重了特定语言环境中上下文的联系，而且题干的语义结构越来越复杂，正确分析其结构、理解句意在解题中起着很重要的作用。
it的用法考查着重在其作形式宾语或形式主语上，另外一些特定的句型结构也该引起注意，如强调句型以及前面提到的有关句型。
再就是要注意it和定语从句中关系代词which 引导非限制性定词从句代替主句一句话的意思时的区别。
应试高分瓶颈首先要从整体上把握代词的知识，如代词种类的划分：①人称代词；②物主代词：形容词性物主代词，如your；名词性物主代词，如y。
urs；③反身代词；④相互代词；⑤指示代词；⑥不定代词；⑦疑问代词；⑧连接代词(名词性从句)；⑨关系代词(定语从句)。
了解各类代词的一般用法，更重要的是，根据上面所介绍的高考热点，要重点掌握几组易混词，尤其是不定代词的用法区别。
不定代词在具体语境中的区别：部分否定与完全否定的区别；特指与泛指；两者与三者或以上；人称代词与关系代词的区别。
做题的关键在于分析透句子的结构，理解语境的要求，达到正确交际目的。
◎命题点1 物主代词◎命题点2 指示代词◎命题点3 疑问代词命题点1 物主代词本类考题解答锦囊物主代词可分为形容词性和名词性。
高考英语二轮专项复习-语法填空一、语法填空题题型解读1、该题型主要考两方面内容一是语法，二是上下文的连贯性，而且语法是重点。
主要考查考生对高中英语大纲要求的基本语法知识、词汇、习语和较为简单的英语表达方式的掌握情况。
2、命题特点：该题共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分，应该在10分钟之内完成。
它以语篇为载体，考查学生的语法和词汇知识。
文章长约150词，平均设空密度约为15词一空，基本不影响对语境的把握，要求根据上下文意思填入恰当的具一定语法功能的词。
与传统的完形填空题不同，传统的完形填空题侧重考查语篇能力，而语法填空侧重考查的是语境加语法，而语法又占据了关键性的地位。
词汇的考查涉及动词、代词、名词、连词、冠词、介词、形容词等。
语法项目则包括非谓语动词、定语从句、时间状语从句、并列句、形容词、副词的比较级、系表结构等。
每个空格应该以语法为单位，不一定只填一词（特别是谓语动词或非谓语动词形式），除谓语或非谓语动词及派生词给出提示词外，其他空均不设选择项、不给提示词。
二、语法填空题主要考察的语法项目1、名词2、代词3、数词4、介词和介词短语；5、连词6、形容词（比较级和最高级）7、副词（比较级和最高级）；8、冠词（定冠词、不定冠词、零冠词）；9、动词（动词的基本形式；系动词；及物动词和不及物动词；助动词；情态动词）；10、时态（一般现在时；一般过去时；一般将来时；现在进行时；过去进行时；过去将来时；将来进行时；现在完成时；过去完成时；现在完成进行时）；11、被动语态；12、非谓语动词（动词不定式；动词的-ing形式；动词的-ed形式）；13、构词法（合成法；派生法；转化法；缩写和简写）；14、句子种类（陈述句；疑问句；祈使句；感叹句）；15、句子成分（主语；谓语；表语；宾语；定语；状语；补语）；16、简单句的基本句型；（五种句型）17、主谓一致；18、并列复合句；19、主从复合句（宾语从句；状语从句；定语从句；主语从句；表语从句）；20、间接引语；21、省略；22、倒装；23、强调；24、虚拟语气。
高考对代词的考查主要涉及在给定的上下文中运用代词的能力，以及对不定代词和替代词的考查。
命题主要出现在单项填空、完形填空、语法填空、短文改错等题型中，侧重于在具体语境中考查各种代词之间的区别。
其考点主要包括：1．考查替代词的用法。
常考的替代词有one, ones, the one, the ones, that, those, it等。
2．考查不定代词的用法。
常考的不定代词有any，some，all，none，other，another, every, nothing 等。
3．考查反身代词的用法。
常考的反身代词有myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, themselves 等。
4．考查it的用法。
it作形式主语、形式宾语的用法； it的实指用法； it的虚指用法，如：can help it, put it, catch it, come it, make it, see to it that等。
一：both，all，either，each，every，neither，none的用法1．both，either，neither用于两者。
both意为“两者都”；either意为“两者中的任何一个”；neither 意为“两者中的任何一个都不”。
如：Both the boys are clever.两个男孩每个都很聪明。
Either of the two boys is clever.两个男孩都很聪明。
Neither of the two boys is clever.两个男孩都不聪明。
2．all，none，each，every用于多者。
all意为“全部都”，指可数的东西时为复数，指不可数的东西时为单数；none意为“全都不，任何一个都不”，指可数的东西时可为单数或复数，指不可数的东西时为单数；each和every意为“每一个”，为单数，两者都能作定语用，但each还可作主语、宾语和同位语。
专题二| 代词、介词[代词]Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．(2020·山东高考)As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations (模拟) and imagine (they) living at a different time in history.答案：themselves句意：除了观赏展品，游客还可以玩电脑模拟游戏，想象自己生活在一个不同的历史时期。
此处指代visitors，意为“他们自己”，应使用反身代词。
故填themselves。
2．Jenny, the new comer, has earned not only the trust of her classmates but also of teachers.答案：that此处用代词that指代the trust。
that指代同名异物，表示特指。
句意：珍妮是新来的，她不仅赢得了同学的信任也赢得了老师的信任。
3．In some countries, people eat with chopsticks, while in ，knives and forks.答案：others some ... and/while others ...表示“一些……，另一些……”。
在本句中，others意为“其他的国家”。
句意：在一些国家，人们用筷子吃饭，而在另外一些国家，人们用刀叉吃饭。
4．—Which Tshirt do you prefer? Blue or green?—will be OK. I don't care.答案：Either根据题干中“Blue or green？”可知，本题强调从两者中进行选择；根据“I don't care.”可知，此处强调两者中的任何一个都可以。
either意为“(两者中的)任何一个”。
专题四语法填空——先题点·再题型语法填空对语法知识的考查，兼顾词、句、篇三个层面，考查的覆盖面广，涉及的考点全且重点突出。
针对这一考查实情且结合二轮复习实际，本专题的复习我们先研究高考常考的语法考点，做到学习无盲点；再研究语法填空题的解题技法，做到稳准解题有办法。
[特色编排] 本书在编写语法知识这一版块时采用“基础语法少讲精练，重难语法精讲多练”这一原则，使考生在二轮“时间短，任务重”这一形势下，把握好复习的重心所在。
◎细品命题者说借鉴高考状元解题经验◎◎养成考场科学思维模式实战考场得高分◎[2022·新高考Ⅰ卷]The Chinese government recently finalized a plan to set upa Giant Panda National Park(GPNP). 56.________(cover) an area about three times57.________ size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country. The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that 58.________(be) previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority 59.________(increase) effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management.After a threeyear pilot period, the GPNP will be officially set up next year. The GPNP 60.________(design) to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and integrity (完整性) of natural ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones, 61.________ leaving behind precious natural assets (资产) for future generations”. The GPNP's main goal is to improve connectivity between separate 62.________(population) and homes of giant pandas, and 63.________(eventual) achieve a desired level of population in the wild.Giant pandas also serve 64.________ an umbrella species (物种), bringing protection to a host of plants and animals in the southwestern and northwestern parts of China.The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species 65.________ live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area.◎考场思维模式◎第一讲介、冠、代、连词奇招出击横扫自由填空题第一节介词、冠词和代词如何判断填冠词典例印证【典例】[2022·全国乙卷]May 21st this year marks the first International Tea Day, which was named officially 61.by the United Nations on November 27th, 2019. To celebrate 62.________ festival, a number of events took place at the Chinese Businessman Museum in Beijing on Thursday.第一步：确定填冠词分析句子成分可知，空处有名词festival。
介词和代词专练1．________ meeting the need of highspeed Internet access, 5G network can also support 4K Ultra HD video calling and other services.A．On account of B．On top ofC．In terms of D．In favor of【答案】B【解析】考查介词短语辨析。
句意：5G网络除了能满足高速互联网接入的需求外，还可以支持4K超高清视频通话和其他服务。
on top of“除……之外”，符合语境。
on account of“由于，因为”；in terms of“就……而言”；in favor of“支持”。
2．________ clear goals, we become strangely loyal to performing daily doings until we become slaves of them.A．On top of B．In the silence ofC．On account of D．In the absence of【答案】D【解析】考查介词短语辨析。
句意：没有清晰的目标，我们就会莫名其妙地忠于做每天所做的事，直到最终成为它们的奴隶。
in the absence of...“缺乏……”，符合语境。
on top of...“在……上方，除……之外”；in the silence of...“在……的寂静中”；on account of...“由于……，因为……”。
3．“We’ve never sold anyone’s data，” Zuckerberg said ________ British lawmaker Damian Collins, who released some emails between Zuckerberg’s company and other tech companies.A．in response to B．in contrast toC．in proportion to D．in addition to【答案】A【解析】考查介词短语辨析。
句意：Zuckerberg以“我们从未售卖任何人的数据”作为对公布了他的公司与其他技术公司的一些邮件的英国立法官员Damian Collins的答复。
in response to“作为对……的答复”，符合语境。
in contrast to“和……形成对照”；in proportion to“和……成比例”；in addition to“除……以外(还)”。
4．The disaster relief funds are already________so that people in the earthquakestricken area can carry out reconstruction work without delay.A．in place B．in demandC．in order D．in vain【答案】A【解析】考查介词短语辨析。
句意：减灾资金已经准备好以便地震灾区的人们能毫不拖延地进行重建工作。
A.in place合适，准备好；B.in demand 需要；C.in order有序；D.in vain徒劳。
故选A。
5．The pollution in Beijing is expected to improve，________a series of air pollution control measures.A．regardless of B．but forC．thanks to D．such as【答案】C【解析】考查介词短语辨析。
句意：幸亏一系列的空气污染控制措施，北京的污染有望改善。
A.regardless of不管；B.but for要不是；C.thanks to幸亏；D.such as例如。
故选C。
6．Nick，it’s good for you to read some books ________ China before you start your trip there.A．in B．forC．of D．on【答案】D【解析】考查介词辨析。
on 表示关于，some books on China意为“关于中国的一些书”。
句意：Nick，你在去中国旅行之前最好读一些关于中国的书。
7．Scientists have found that some couples are so ________ that their brains begin to work in the same way.A．in tune B．in shapeC．in demand D．in style【答案】A【解析】考查介词短语辨析。
句意：科学家发现，一些夫妻都是如此有默契以至于他们的思维方式都开始变得一样了。
in tune“协调，一致”；in shape“健康状态良好”；in demand“需求大”；in style“有气派，有风度”。
8．He still helped us heartily ________ being exhausted after working three hours.A．in response to B．in case ofC．in spite of D．in addition to【答案】C【解析】考查介词短语辨析。
句意：尽管工作三个小时后已经筋疲力尽了，他仍然热心地帮助我们。
in spite of“尽管”，符合语境。
in response to“作为对……的回应”；in case of“以防，万一”；in addition to“除……之外”。
9．As you know, anger doesn’t help in 99% of situations; ________，it usually makes things worse.A．in response B．in contrastC．in conclusion D．in return【答案】B【解析】考查介词短语辨析。
句意：正如你所知道的那样，99% 的情况下愤怒是没有用的。
相反，它通常让事情变得更糟。
in response“作为回应”；in contrast“相反”；in conclusion“总之”；in return“作为回报”。
10．All the students kept silence throughout the class________ the teacher’s switch from the PE lesson to a maths lesson that day.A．in terms of B．in response toC．in return for D．in spite of【答案】B【解析】考查介词短语辨析。
句意：作为对老师把体育课换成数学课的回应，那天所有学生整节课都保持沉默。
in terms of “就……而言”；in response to“作为对……的回应，答复”；in return for“作为回报”；in spite of “尽管”。
11．One well of the oil field was still burning with huge fire twisting crazily________the night sky.A．in B．onC．against D．across【答案】C【解析】考查介词辨析。
句意：石油区的一个井仍在燃烧，在夜空的映衬下火苗疯狂扭曲。
against the night sky在夜空的映衬下，故选C。
12．________the cold，thin air and low oxygen levels also can cause mountain sickness.A．On behalf of B．In terms ofC．Apart from D．Except for【答案】C【解析】考查介词短语辨析。
句意：且不说寒冷，稀薄的空气和含氧量低也能引起高山反应。
on behalf of代表；in terms of依……来讲；apart from且不说……(实际上是包括的)；except for要不是，除……之外(从整体中排除)。
而the cold也是会cause mountain sickness的，所以不能排除，只能用“且不说”apart from，用besides也可以，是一个递进关系，表示“除……之外”。
故选C。
13．There is no doubt that those who want to buy a house are ________ the proposal that the government should bring down the housing price.A．in favor of B．in honor ofC．in search of D．in need of【答案】A【解析】考查介词短语辨析。
句意：毫无疑问，那些想买房的人都赞成政府应该降低房价的提议。
根据语境可知，in favor of“赞成”符合语境。
in honor of意为“为纪念……”；in search of意为“寻找”；in need of 意为“需要”。
14．Please fetch the bunch of purple flowers and put it here，for purple flowers look more beautiful ________a light yellow wall.A．at B．inC．under D．against【答案】D【解析】考查介词短语辨析。
句意：去拿一束紫色的花来放到这里，因为以淡黄色的墙为背景，紫色的花看上去更漂亮。
against以……为背景。
故选D。
15．As is often the case, some mothers are timid in their everyday life, but will fight like a tiger ________ their children.A．in favor of B．in defence ofC．in charge of D．in support of【答案】B【解析】考查介词短语辨析。
句意：一些母亲在她们的日常生活中很胆小，但在保护她们的孩子时她们会像老虎一样搏斗，这是常有的事。
