中考英语阅读理解解题技巧_图文.ppt

[问题]Which of the following years is the Year of the Dragon?
A. 1988
B. 1998
C. 2008
D. 2018
【解析】数字推算题。根据文章倒数第二句可知2012年是龙
年。12年是一个轮回, 可计算出1988年是龙年。
2015年中考英语阅读理解复习热点素材拓展
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猜测词义题
该题型考查通过
上下文判断词义的能
力。词义题的考查有
根据转折、因果关系猜测词义
两种: 超纲词含义的
推断和熟词生义的推 通过同义词和反义词的关系及构词法
断。中考通常有一至
两题这样的题型。 通过定义或释义描述关系来推测词义
根据上下文的意思来猜测
一、根据上下文意思猜测词义 [范例](2013·青岛中考)
talk about much news in A .
A. Qingdao B. Hong Kong C. Shanghai D. Beijing
【解析】推理判断题。文章介绍好的新闻稿件应该与读者生 活密切相关, 故青岛人关心更多的应该是青岛的事。故选A。
数字推算题
[范例](2012·中考模拟题)
猜测词义
段落
He is so homely，_n_o_t _a_t _a_ll_a_s___ h_a_n_d_s_o_m_ e as his brother.
分析
根据not at all...handsome我们不难推测 出homely的意思，即不英俊、不漂亮的意 思。
猜测词义
四、通过构词法猜词
She’s gone, even though she had never stopped struggling with cancer. Heaven just got another beautiful angel, with her beautiful voice and kindness.

Inferring a conclusion
主旨大意型
finding out the main idea
On 26 May 1928,at a meeting in Amsterdam. A year later in Baracelona, a city of Spain, all the teams agreed that Uruguay(乌拉圭) would hold the first World Cup the next year. 计算时间
Four types
词义猜测型
guessing the meaning
推理判断型
Inferring a conclusion
主旨大意型
finding out the main idea
Guessing the meaning
Discussion:
Complete the exercises in groups and discuss the skills to solve them.
Types of questions
Four types
词义猜测型
guessing the meaning
推理判断型
Inferring a conclusion
主旨大意型
finding out the main idea
Inferring a conclusion
Skills
1.事实推断 2.指代推断 3.逻辑推断 4.对作者的意图和态度的推断
Types of articles
1.图表广告 (chart and advertisement) （了解图表主题，推敲语言数字） 2.人物故事 (stories) （注意人物、地点、时间、情节的发展） 3.科普知识 (science) （以事实为中心，抓住事物特征、用途、相互关系） 4.新闻报道 (news) （遵循5个W与1个H） 5.文化教育、社会生活 (culture and social life) （关注社会文化生活的背景与细节）

直接或间接在文章中找到答案。
提问的特殊疑问词常有：what,
who, which, where, how, why 等。
.
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在阅读理解中，要求查找主要事实和特 定细节问题常有以下几种命题方式：
1）Which of the following statement is true? 2）Which of the following is not mentioned in the
---事实细节型
.
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Q1) ____ calories are required to raise the
temperature of 5kg of water from 35℃to 90℃.
A. 55 B. 175 C. 325
D. 275
Q2) Which statement is TRUE according to
the main idea?
4)Which is the subject discussed in the
text?
6)What’s the best title for this passage?
.
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阅读理解基础训练
Basic Training
---主旨大意题
.
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Passage 1
In spite of the fact that cars from Germany
阅读理解解题技巧
.
1
阅读理解
是英语能力培养的重点项目，是考试 的一个重要题型，分值高、题量大。阅读 理解考查的根本是检验学生对有关信息的 加工能力。
阅读理解能力的重要标志是阅读速度 和理解力的正确率。
因此，阅读理解的功夫应下在平时。

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Babies and young children love to hear people singing to them. When they are a little older, they like to sing the songs they have heard. When children go to school,their world of music grows. In the middle grades students take music lessons. When they reach high school,they become interested in listening to pop music.
文章开头就说明今天的节目是关于音 乐的，其后的句子都是围绕介绍音乐的。 从音乐的起源，形式，作用到全世界的受 人喜爱音乐，进行逐一说明。
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2. 在结尾。
文章最后一句“In fact,the true love is not built on friendship,loyalty or blood relationship.Instead,itis based on no relationship.真正的爱不以友谊、忠诚抑 或是血缘关系为前提，事实上，真正的爱， 是无条件的博爱。” 就是在前面故事的基 础上的总结与概括，即文章的主旨。
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3） 问目的；态度 The author wants to tell ____ The purpose of this article is to ____
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容易选错的干扰项:
以偏概全 夸大主题 把观点强加给作者
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解题策略
找主题句。主题句是归纳文章中心的句 子，它的出现有三种情况：

A. Rock and pop music. B. Rock and dance music. C. Jazz and country music. ③Who likes dancing?
A. The writer. B. Li Lan. C. Jane.
④The writer’s mother thinks that country music is
任意一篇文章通常是围绕一个中心展开并且由段落组 成的。段落之间有着内在的紧密联系，而表达段落主题 的句子叫主题句，通常置于段落的开头，有时在段落末 尾和中间。
其它的句子是用来说明和阐述 主题句的，若把一个个主题句加 以整理，你能悟出其中心思想， 同时还可以回避、排除个别生词、 难句（等困难信号）所带来的干 扰。
music. My classmate LiLan loves dance music, because she enjoys dancing. My best friend, Jane, likes jazz music (爵士乐). She thinks jazz is really cool.
What should we do if we see people sleepwalking? A. Wake them up. B. Walk around with them. C. Do nothing and get your own sleep. D. Ask grown-ups to lead them to bed.
中考英语阅读理解解题方法与技巧
初中生阅读理解失分原因
未读懂文章 似懂非懂 看懂文章而做错
未读懂文章
生词多，词汇量少 不熟悉固定搭配 语法知识欠缺，长句困扰 缺少背景知识

猜测词义题
解题技巧：
1、通过因果关系猜测词义； 2、通过同义词和近、反义词的关系猜词； 3、通过构词法猜测词义； 4、通过定义或释义说明来推测词义； 5、通过描述猜测词义； 6、用知识和生活经验猜测词义； 7、根据上下文的指代关系进行猜测。
猜测词义题
常见命题形式如下：
1）、The word “…” in the passage probably means_________.
推理判断题
解题技巧： • 与原文相同的细节不能选 • 文中没有出现的细节不能跳出文章
做推断（作者的观点）
推理判断题
1、推理深层含义的常见命题形式如下：
• We can infer from the passage that _______ • The writer suggest that _______ • From the passage, we can learn that _______ • We may conclude from the passage that
三、梳理阅读理解的题型和解题技 巧。
短文填空 10分
理解主旨大意
细节理解
按考查内容分
猜测词义
阅读理解 35-40分
推理判断题 回答问题
中考英语阅读 按题型分
表格单词
45-50分
选择
正误
排序 填标题
短文填空的解题技巧
1、上下文、语境 2、逻辑 3、固定搭配 4、语法分析 5、背景知识
短文填空的解题步骤
the passage? (5) What’s the topic of the text?
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้节理解
细节题常见的命题形式：

猜测词义的技巧
(1) 根据构词法猜测词义
Eg1. I had walked two kilometers before I found a phone-box and
eventually I was able to get a garage to send someone to give some
help.
Question: The world “eventually” means __________.
A. right away
B. at last
C. with difficulty
D. unhappily
Eg2: Most telephone hot lines are completely anonymous---callers
A. 700
B. 682
C. 388
D. 1070
Eg. Kuming has a population of more than 5,000,000. Question: What’s the population of Kuming? A. Over five millionB. Over five thousand C. Over five billion D. Over five hundred
阅读理解 推测词语意义
推测词语意义
推测词语意义是指在阅读过程中根据对语篇提供的信息、逻辑、背景 知识及语言结构等的综合理解去猜测或推断某一生词、关键词或短语的 词义。提高这种技巧可以使我们在阅读过程中能很快通过上下文提供的 线索或生词本身的结构特点推断出词义来，从而提高阅读速度和阅读能 力。 1.What does the underlined word “...” mean? 2. By saying “...” ，the writer means _______. 3. The meaning of the word is __________. 4. The underlined word “...” probably means ______. 5. The word “...” refers to ________. 6. The underlined word “...” can be replaced by ____. 7. Which is the following is the closet in meaning to the word……?

END
16、业余生活要有意义，不要越轨。——华盛顿 17、一个人即使已登上顶峰，也仍要自强不息。——罗素·贝克 18、最大的挑战和突破在于用人，而用人最大的突破在于信任人。——马云 19、自己活着，就是为了使别人过得更美好。——雷锋 20、要掌握书，莫被书掌握；要为生而读，莫为读而生。——布尔沃
中考英语阅读理解解题技巧 最全
16、人民应该为法律而战斗，就像为 了城墙 而战斗 一样。 ——赫 拉克利 特 17、人类对于不公正的行为加以指责 ，并非 因为他 们愿意 做出这 种行为 ，而是 惟恐自 己会成 为这种 行为的 牺牲者 。—— 柏拉图 18、制定法律法令，就是为了不让强 者做什 么事都 横行霸 道。— —奥维 德 19、法律是社会的习惯和思想的结晶 。—— 托·伍·威尔逊 20、人们嘴上挂着的法律，其真实含 义是财 富。— —爱献 生

2. 干扰项 可能属从文中某些 (不完全旳) 事 实或细节片面推出旳错误结论。
3. 干扰项 可能属非文章事实旳主观臆断。
(正确答案)
是根据文章意思全方
面了解而归纳概括出来旳；但不能太笼
统、言过其实或以偏概全。
主旨大意题旳常见旳提问形式:
1)What does the writer mainly tell us? 2)Which of the following can summarize the main idea of this text? 3)Which of the following best expresses the main idea? 4)Which is the subject discussed in the text? 6)What’s the best title for this passage?
appear?
阅读了解基础训练 Basic Training
---推理判断型
Passage4
The concept (n. 观念 ) of personal choice in relation to health behaviors is an important one. About 90 percent of all illnesses might be preventable if individual (n. 个人 ) made sound ( adj. 健康旳 ) personal health choices based upon present (adj.目前旳) medical knowledge.
在阅读了解中，要求查找主要事实ຫໍສະໝຸດ 特 定细节问题常有下列几种命题方式：
1）Which of the following statement is true? 2）Which of the following is not mentioned in the

推理判断题通常有以下设问方式：
1. The writer suggests that ______. 2. From the passage we know that______. 3. What did the writer mean? 4. The writer’s attitude toward...is that ______. 5. It can be inferred from the text that______.
“Well,” answered the young man, “I’m moving out of my apartment (公寓) and the landlord (房东) said that I should leave the house in exactly the same condition as I found it.”
01 主旨大意题
考点：文章的中心思想
85%
Do one thing at a time, and do well. Never forget to say “thanks”. Keep on going never give up Whatever.
【Skill 1】 段首段尾定主旨。
【e.g】People have different tastes in food. Some feel that they haven’t eaten a meal when they haven’t had steak or other red meat. Some people prefer chicken or fish and eat one or the other at every meal. Others prefer vegetables and fruit or grains and would enjoy a meal of spaghetti(细条 实心面).