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宁夏青铜峡市宁朔中学2024-2025学年高二上学期开学考试英语试题一、阅读理解Four Books Worth ReadingBook: Cloacal ContemplationsAuthor: Llyris WoodPrice: Paperback $20.99This collection of true stories shares the funny, sad, and interesting experiences of a long-term wildlife carer and shows readers how amazing our wildlife is. The book shows it is important for us to protect the wildlife and offers the ways to do that.Book: SplashdownAuthor: Russell SmithPrice: Paperback$19.99Three young people developed a unique seaplane service in New Zealand’s Marlborough Sounds, where seaplanes were formerly unknown. Follow their many adventures—some highly amusing, some harrowing and often life-saving. It is a book full of creative ideas, which help to develop your ability of imagination.Book: An Entangled LifeAuthor: Dr. Greta ArchboldPrice: Paperback $33.99This is the story of a woman looking for love and happiness. After 16 years of searching, a miracle occurs on a vacation to Israel, where she meets her true love. Love is the theme of the world and the life without love is incomplete. Read this book and understand the true meaning of love.Book: The Gift of LiteracyAuthor: Elaine AlvinPrice: Paperback$12.86This manual aims to guide teachers and parents as they handle students with learningdifficulties, as well as underachieving gifted and talented kids, in the area of literacy. It shows real annoying cases related to literacy in daily life and introduces the ways to deal with them. The manual is so popular with teachers and parents that it sells well since published.1．Which book is the cheapest?A．Cloacal Contemplations.B．The Gift of Literacy.C．An Entangled Life.D．Splashdown.2．Who might be more interested in reading Splashdown?A．People who are curious about wildlife.B．People who do study on learning difficulties.C．People who enjoy reading love stories.D．People who are eager to explore new things.3．Which author may devote his/her life to education?A．Elaine Alvin B．Russell Smith.C．Greta Archbold.D．Llyris WoodWhat is a good excuse to ask for some time off? At your school, sickness may be the only one. But in British schools, family events are also well-accepted ones. The National Association of Head Teachers in the UK has written new guidelines about students asking for leave. They will allow parents to take their children out of school for family weddings or funerals (葬礼) or visiting an ill relative.This is a change from the 2013 guidelines that stopped parents taking children out of school without permission. Otherwise, they could have got a fine of 60 pounds (about 600 yuan) or faced court. Family events were not proper excuses to get permission.Many parents complained about this rule.“Taking family events is very important for children’s growth and that is a lesson the schools cannot ever teach our children.” John Hemming, chairman of Parents Want a Say Organization, told The Independent.The new change supports this idea and gives permission to students taking time off for family events. It’s now OK for British students to take time off for family events.In China, however, many students rarely have time off for family events.“That’s part of the reason for the generation gap (代沟) between parents and children,” GuoHongxia, a researcher at National Institute of Education Sciences, wrote in China Education Daily. 4．In Chinese schools ________ is a good excuse to ask for time off.A．any excuse B．only sicknessC．school sport D．family events5．In the UK now, parents won’t be allowed to take out their children out of school because of________.A．family weddings B．family funeralsC．fishing organization D．visiting an ill relative6．Before 2013, ________ could get a fine or face court after taking children out without permission in the UK.A．Parents Want a Say B．the head teachers of the schoolC．children’s teachers D．children’s parents7．According to the passage, we know that ________.A．in the UK, there’s a big generation gap between parents and childrenB．in China, many students seldom have time off for family eventsC．there’s no difference between the rules of taking time off in the worldD．all the students aren’t allowed to take time off for family eventsA young man once went into town and bought himself a pair of trousers. When he got home, he went upstairs to his living room and put them on. He found that they were about two inches too long.He went downstairs, where his mother and his two sisters were washing up the tea things in the kitchen, “These new trousers are too long,” he said. “They need to be cut short by about two inches. Would one of you mind doing this for me, please?” His mother and sisters were busy and none of them said anything.But as soon as his mother finished washing up, she went upstairs to her son’s room and cut the trousers short by two inches. She came downstairs without saying anything to her daughters.Later, after supper, the elder sister remembered her brother’s trousers. She was a kind-hearted girl, so she went quietly upstairs without saying anything to anyone, and shorted the trousers by two inches.The younger sister went to the cinema, but when she came back, she, too,remembered what her brother had said. So she ran upstairs with her scissors, needle, and thread(剪子，针和线),and took two inches off the legs of the new trousers.You can imagine the look on the young man’s face when he put the trousers on the next morning.8．The main idea of this passage is that____________.A．the young man bought himself a pair of trousersB．the young man’ new trousers were cut too shortC．the young man’s mother and sisters hated to speak to each otherD．the young man was loved by his mother and sisters very much9．Why didn’t the young man’s mother and sisters give him a reply after he asked one of them to cut his trousers short?A．Because they did not know how to answer him.B．Because they were too busy to answer him.C．Because they were used to keeping silence when they were busy.D．Because they all thought someone else wanted to do it.10．How many inches were the new trousers cut short by his sisters?A．2 inches B．6 inches C．4 inches D．8 inches 11．What would the young man feel when he put the trousers on the next morning?A．Worried B．Cry C．Surprising D．SadOfficials have unveiled the gold, silver and bronze medals that will be awarded at this summer’s Olympic games in Paris, and each one contains a unique souvenir: a fragment (碎片) of waste iron from the Eiffel Tower.“It’s the opportunity for the athletes to bring back a piece of Paris with them,” Thierry Reboul, creative director of Paris 2024, told reporters last week. “The absolute symbol of Paris and France is the Eiffel Tower.”The Eiffel Tower opened in 1889 and during the later repair work, some of the original iron was cut off and preserved over time. Now, some of those preserved metal fragments have found new homes.Each new Olympic me dal features a piece of Eiffel Tower iron — though the signature “Eiffel Tower brown” paint has been removed. These pieces have been shaped into hexagons (六边形), which is the “shape of France”. Besides, there are words “Paris 2024”, the Olympic rings and the Games logo, which looks like a flame or the face of a woman with a bob haircut.How did they think of such an idea? Joachim Roncin, head of design at the Paris Games organizing committee told the press, “We talked about the design many times and realized that there’s one symbol known across the world, which is the Eiffel Tower. We said to ourselves, ‘Hey, what if we approached the Eiffel Tower Operating Company to see if it’s possible to get a bit of the Eiffel Tower to integrate into the medal?’”When the Eiffel Tower Operating Company agreed to volunteer pieces of original iron, “the dream became reality,” adds Roncin.The medals, designed by the luxury Paris jewelry house Chaumet, make people think of the Eiffel Tower in several other ways. The pieces of iron are secured by what looks like special nails that hold the structure together, and the medals’ ribbons are decorated with patterns of the tower’s latticework structure.The iron fragments are set in recycled silver, gold and bronze disks. Over 5,000 medals are being made.12．What does Thierry mean by saying “bring back a piece of Paris”?A．The athletes will buy souvenirs about Paris.B．The athletes will take many photos of Paris.C．Part of the athletes’ medal is from the symbol of Paris.D．The Eiffel Tower will be left in the athletes’ memory.13．What is mainly talked about in paragraph 4?A．The symbolic meaning of the hexagons.B．The shape and material of the Olympic medal.C．The processing technique of the Eiffel Tower iron pieces.D．The design of the Eiffel Tower iron fragment on the medal.14．How did the designers get the idea of adding the waste iron?A．From a strange dream.B．By asking for the public.C．Through their discussion.D．By studying the Eiffel Tower.15．What can we infer about the new Olympic medals?A．They are innovative.B．They are light.C．They have six sides.D．They are golden-colored.If the only reading you ever do is the novel or magazine, the speed at which you read -probably does not matter very much. But if you have to read a great deal for study, you will appreciate the benefits of being able to read more quickly. 16·Before you open the book, make sure that you are comfortable. You need a seat which supports your back and the book should be at the right distance from your eyes. 1718 Look at the table of contents, the preface, the chapter heading,etc.This will help you to decide whether you really need to read the whole book or only certain parts of it. Ten minutes spent in this way could save you quite a lot of time in the long run.If you decide that you need to read the whole book, decide how much you can read at a time. 19 A history book which may contain the facts in story form will be easier to read than one dealing with scientific subjects. In the former case you may be able to read a chapter. In the latter you may only be able to read one page.Always keep a pencil and paper beside you. 20 Note also the facts important for your purpose as well as anything which leads you to further research. You don't have to write these things in detail. It is enough to put the page number and one or two words as a reminder . A．Stop to have a rest now and then.B．Spend a few minutes looking through the book.C．This depends on the type of book you are reading.D．Here are some tips to help improve your reading speed.E．Make a note of any page which is of special importance.F．You may find yourself having to learn something by heart.G．Keep the room cool rather than warm to avoid feeling sleepy.二、完形填空Carney found her father’s bucket list (遗愿清单) in a brown bag by chance. She lookeddown at it and 21 to finish it. For Carney, the bucket list was an 22 opportunity to work through her pain caused by her dad’s death and 23 with her dad. It was also a way to keep his spirit 24 in her life.The first thing she 25 was “Donate money to education in poor areas.” She learned that many students in Georgia had dropped out of school because of 26 . She and her husband flew there to 27 them.On Dec.27,2022, Carney 28 the last task on her dad’s list: “Have five songs 29 .” She picked a few of her father’s favorites and recorded them in a 30 . While doing that, Carney recalled those fondest memories—his father’s 31 to her before she went to bed at night. She felt like she was singing with father again.Completing the bucket list enabled Carney to get to 32 her dad in a way she hadn’t had the chance to. It also helped her understand her father’s goals and his 33 . In her dairy, she wrote: “It helped me understand my father better, to see him as a human being full of 34 . And doing that helped me to understand myself and fell more of a sense of 35 in my life.”21．A．continued B．refused C．decided D．happened 22．A．acceptable B．unexpected C．admirable D．unbelievable 23．A．reconnect B．share C．play D．leave 24．A．alive B．friendly C．moving D．simple 25．A．forgot B．found C．completed D．imagined 26．A．sorrow B．disappointment C．illness D．poverty 27．A．help B．welcome C．understand D．follow 28．A．picked out B．carried out C．made out D．threw out 29．A．written B．heard C．recorded D．prepared 30．A．shop B．studio C．school D．square 31．A．singing B．walking C．talking D．dancing 32．A．forgive B．find C．know D．like 33．A．victories B．celebrations C．abilities D．dreams 34．A．confidence B．love C．humour D．hatred 35．A．honesty B．desire C．leisure D．purpose三、语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
湖北省武汉中学2024-2025学年度高二年级开学收心考试英语注意事项：1. 答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息2. 请将答案正确填写在答题卡上第I卷（选择题）第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?A. £19.15.B. £9.18.C. £9.15.答案是C。
1. Why was the woman worried?A. The boy cut a line.B. The boy went out alone.C. The boy told a lie.2. When does the bank close on Sunday?A. At 9:00 p.m.B. At 5:00 p.m.C. At 4:00 p.m.3. What is the man dissatisfied with about the store?A. The service.B. The clothes.C. The price.4. How did the man get his shirt?A. From his father.B. From an e-mall.C. From a souvenir shop.5. Where will the woman put her plants?A. In her backyard.B. In her window.C. On her balcony.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
黑龙江省大庆市萨尔图区大庆实验中学2024-2025学年高二上学期开学考试英语试卷一、阅读理解Talking Together About Collaboration (合作)Monday, June 19, 11:30 a.m.The Museum of Modern ArtFree with Museum admissionThe ongoing Talking Together conversation series provides an opportunity to think deeply about a broad but timely theme. Understanding that art provides connections to each other and the world around us, we will consider this month’s theme, “collaboration,” through selected works in the exhibition Robert Rauschenberg: Among Friends.This session is led by Paula Stuttman.Drawing Is a Way of ThinkingMonday, June 19, 1:30 p.m.The Museum of Modern ArtFree with Museum admissionThe act of drawing allows us to understand an artwork through mark making. Join us in this ongoing series as we explore artworks through drawing and conversation. This week we draw from a selected work in the exhibition Robert Rauschenberg: Among Friends.This session is led by Paula StuttmanSunset ViewingsMonday, June 19, 8:15 p.m.MoMA PS1One of artist James Turrell’s celebrated Skyspaces, Meeting is a site-specific installation (现代雕塑装置) that invites viewers to look upwards toward a clear view of the sky. The installation features a multicolored lighting program synchronized (同步) to sunrise and sunset.When the sunset lighting program falls outside of regular museum hours, MoMA PS1 is hosting special after-hours viewings on Monday evenings. These events have limited capacity andrequire an advance ticket.Postwar Art Wore RedThursday, June 29, 11:30 a. mThe Museum of Modern ArtFree with Museum admissionJoin us for a lively discussion about the work of artists featured in the exhibition Making Space: Women Artists and Postwar Abstraction, which shines a spotlight on the impressive but still relatively under-recognized achievements of women artists after the end of World War II.This session is led by Tamara Kostianovsky.1．What similarity do the first two events share?A．They start at the same time B．They select the same works.C．They involve the same artist.D．They explore the same theme2．Which of the following is true about Sunset Viewings?A．It is intended to watch sunrise and sunset.B．It is free of charge.C．It offers activities after closing time.D．Viewers can engage at weekends.3．Who is in charge of the discussion about female artists?A．James Turrell.B．Paula Stuttman.C．Robert Rauschenberg.D．Tamara Kostianovsky.“Palace, Mountain, Moon?” has been selected by NASA as the Astronomical Picture of the Day for December 25, 2023.The photo was taken by Valerio, a young photographer of Turin, Italy. It was shot on the evening of December 15, 2023. While he knew about NASA’s competition, he hadn’t considered participating until receiving much encouragement from his social media followers. Soon after, he received the message, “Your image has been chosen as the astronomical photo of the day.” It was incredible!In a photo like this, nothing is left to luck. The concept came to him back in 2017. Walking on the hills north of Turin, he found several spots perfect for including both the Basilica of Superga Palace and Mountain Monviso. After numerous visits over several months, he identified four spots where Superga and Monviso line up just right.After exactly finding these locations, he experimented with shooting them at different times. “I knew I needed something special to perfect the photo. The Sun was a no-go, so I turned to the Moon. Its various phases (位相) and positions reach an azimuth angle (方位角) of 230 degrees,” Valerio said. With this in mind, he researched the Moon’s phases, marked potential dates on the calendar, and planned the exact moments when the moon could join the queue.It was very successful, especially because the Moon was in a waning phase. This meant that in the photo, not only was its crescent (新月) lit up, but so was the left part, its shadowed side. That part is lit by reflected light, also known as Da Vinci’s glow, named after him because he was the one who theorized about why the Moon’s shadowed side is brightened. During the early days of the waning Moon phases, the shadowed part is visible because the Sun’s light reflects off the Earth and hits the Moon’s shadowed side, giving it a greyish, silvery color. This allowed the light to outline Monviso on the left as well.4．Why did Valerio send the photo to NASA?A．He developed an interest in astronomical advances.B．He expected to encourage followers on social media.C．He received broad support from enthusiastic fans.D．He got a message of invitation from NASA．5．In Valerio’s photo, the three objects ________.A．shine light on each other B．stand in a straight lineC．fit each other in size D．vary from usual in color6．What did Valerio do to prepare for the perfect photo?A．Studying how the Moon phase changes.B．Pay numerous visits to the spots for good luckC．Analyzing when to adjust the camera angle.D．Measuring the height of the observation point.7．What was lit up by the Da Vinci’s glow?A．The outline of the crescent.B．The outline of Superga.C．The dark side of the Moon.D．The shadowed side of the Earth.Geologists have long been fascinated by a missing piece of Earth’s history — a lostcontinent called Argoland. Around 155 million years ago, the 5,000-kilometer continent broke off from Western Australia and began drifting (漂移), leaving behind a basin deep below the ocean known as the Argo Abyssal Plain. But where did Argoland actually go?The seabed structure suggests that the continent drifted northwestward and ended up Southeast Asia. But surprisingly, there is no large continent hidden beneath those islands, only small continental fragments (碎片) surrounded by ancient oceanic basins. Using this theory, geologists at Utrecht University discovered that Argoland hadn’t really disappeared but survived as a “very extended and fragmented collection” under the islands to the east of Indonesia.Unlike other continents like Africa and South America, which broke neatly into two pieces, Argoland split into many smaller fragments that were dispersed, which made it difficult for scientists to locate and study the continent’s geological features. However, with advanced technology and the discovery, scientists can now piece them together.Tracing the continents is vital for understanding processes like the evolution of biodiversity. It could help explain something known as the mysterious Wallace line, which is an imaginary boundary that separates mammals, birds, and even early human species in Southeast Asian islands. The boundary has puzzled scientists because of how clearly it separates the island’s wildlife. To the west of the line are placental mammals (胎盘哺乳动物) like apes and elephants. But these are almost completely absent to the east, where you can find animals typically associated with Australia. Researchers have theorized that this may be because Argoland carried its own wildlife away from Australia before it crashed into Southeast Asia, which helps explain why different species are found in different nations.The story of Argoland is not one of complete disappearance but of transformation. As the world continues to evolve, this lost continent serves as a powerful symbol of the breakability of life on this planet, and a reminder of the importance of respecting and protecting the world that we live in.8．What do we know about Argoland?A．It split into two pieces many years ago.B．It broke away from the African continent.C．It sank to the bottom of the Argo Abyssal Plain.D．It exists as fragments under the eastern islands of Indonesia.9．What does the underlined word “dispersed” in paragraph 3 probably mean?A．Crashed.B．Distributed.C．Connected.D．Distinguished. 10．Why does the author mention the “Wallace line” in paragraph 4?A．To explain an unsolved mystery for scientist.B．To stress the significance of tracing Argoland.C．To prove the biodiversity of Southeast Asian islands.D．To introduce the evolutionary process of Australian species.11．Which of the following is the best title for the text?A．The Discovery of a Lost Continent B．The Mysterious Disappearance of Argoland C．The Theory of Fragments Drifting D．The Breakability of Life on the EarthWhen we encounter a troublesome problem, we often gather a group to brainstorm. However, substantial evidence has shown that when we generate ideas together, we fail to maximize collective intelligence.To unearth the hidden potential in teams, we’re better off shifting to a process called “brainwriting”. You start by asking group members to write down what is going on in their brains separately. Next, you pool them and share them among the group without telling the authors. Then, each member evaluates them on his or her own, only after which do the team members come together to select and improve the most promising options. By developing and assessing ideas individually before choosing and expanding on them, the team can surface and advance possibilities that might not get attention otherwise.An example of great brainwriting was in 2010 when 33 miners were trapped underground in Chile. Given the urgency of the situation, the rescue team didn’t hold brainstorming sessions. Rather, they established a global brainwriting system to generate individual ideas. A 24-year-old engineer came up with a tiny plastic telephone. This specialized tool ended up becoming the only means of communicating with the miners, making it possible to save them.Research by organizational behavior scholar Anita Woolley and her colleagues helps to explain why this method works. They find that the key to collective intelligence is balanced participation. In brainstorming meetings, it’s too easy for participation to become one-sided in favor of the loudest voices. The brainwriting process ensures that all ideas are brought to the tableand all voices are brought into conversation. The goal isn’t to be the smartest person in the room. It’s to make the room smarter.Collective intelligence begins with individual creativity, but it doesn’t end there. Individuals produce a greater volume and variety of novel ideas when they work alone. That means they not only come up with more brilliant ideas than groups but also more terrible ideas. Therefore, it takes collective judgment to find the signal in the noise and bring out the best ideas.12．What is special about brainwriting compared with brainstorming?A．It highlights independent work.B．It encourages group cooperation.C．It prioritizes quality over quantity.D．It prefers writing to oral exchanges. 13．Why does the author mention the Chile mining accident in paragraph 3?A．To introduce a tool developed during brainwriting.B．To praise a young man with brainwriting technique.C．To illustrate a successful application of brainwriting.D．To explain the role of brainwriting in communication.14．How does brainwriting promote collective intelligence according to paragraph 4?A．By blocking the loudest voices.B．By allowing equal involvement.C．By improving individual wisdom.D．By generating more creative ideas. 15．Which step of brainwriting does the author stress in the last paragraph?A．Individual writing.B．Group sharing.C．Personal evaluation.D．Joint discussion.Accents in EnglishAccents are fascinating and usually come with kinds of information. 16 . So many people, especially actors, are interested in learning accents.Thanks to the development of technology, various handy accesses are available for people to share and pick up accents. English actor and accent coach Sarah Valentine is an expert in teaching the tones which can change the English language. 17 .Valentine has been working in TV since the 1990s. She appears to have found success coaching other actors to speak in a variety of dialects. 18 , TikTok is a medium to educate the masses. Valentine’s TikTok takes simple phrases, such as “I’m hungry” or “the milk smellsfunny”. Valentine then repeats these simple words in accents including German, Dutch, and New York. She also highlights the rich variety of dialects within the UK, including Yorkshire, Scouse, Cockney, Geordie, Welsh, and Northern Irish.“ 19 ,” James Lantolf, a professor at Penn State, said. “Isolated (偏僻的) areas, such as New Orleans, develop different dialects. Since there is no contact between regions, entire words and languages can grow and develop independently. Social standing and education also affect the language of an individual person.” It is thought that accents have psycho-social purposes, allowing individuals to identify oneself and others as part of a group.Everyone has an accent. A dialect coach like Valentine can help one learn to speak differently, for an acting job or for fun. 20 . Learning a second language as an adult is difficult; for much the same reason, it’s tricky to change your accent. With that in mind, watching Valentine change accents at the drop of a hat is all the more impressive.A．In fact, all accents are worthy of prideB．One’s birthplace can affect his accentC．However, not all accents are worth learningD．While much work with actors is done in one-on-one coachingE．They can signal one’s living places, education and personalityF．On TikTok, she gives examples of simple phrases repeated in over 20 accentsG．A region’s location has a direct influence on the development of a local language二、完形填空Novels. Why do I read them? I was most 21 to read when I was a kid. I suspect this was because my only purpose was 22 and escapism. From all 21 Famous Five stories — in order, naturally — to Anna Karenina, 23 into a basket on a cycling holiday, I was 24 to another world. Then, for A-levels and a degree, I read to pass 25 . When those last exams were done, more than 30 years ago, I was done with novels. I had 26 love.Gradually, it has come back, but it’s all 27 now. I find I’m reading whole novels mainly to 28 wisdom to help understand what I’ve been feeling; feelings that I’ve been 29 to express myself. For some reason I 30 The Tenant of Wildfell Hall by AnneBronte. The 31 soon starts to fade, and all you are left with is how it made you feel. This is nice, but what makes it all worthwhile is those specific 32 that I make sure to harvest and go back to. For instance, Helen says of her new life in the big city: “At first, I was 33 with the novelty and excitement of our London life, but soon I began to be tired of its unrest.”A few months later, I 34 Anne Bronte’s resting place in Scarborough. Standing there, I looked up this little passage and appreciated anew how 35 it resonated (产生共鸣) with my own feelings about London.21．A．astonished B．concerned C．eager D．moody 22．A．education B．enjoyment C．interaction D．employment 23．A．divided B．turned C．rolled D．stuffed 24．A．transported B．limited C．admitted D．pressed 25．A．inspection B．examinations C．barriers D．time 26．A．sought for B．suffered from C．fallen out of D．fallen behind 27．A．different B．wrong C．passive D．fictional 28．A．prove B．unearth C．explain D．untie 29．A．unwilling B．unhappy C．unprepared D．unable 30．A．identified B．selected C．claimed D．drafted 31．A．plot B．memory C．fame D．vision 32．A．fruits B．insights C．concepts D．characters 33．A．content B．familiar C．bored D．occupied 34．A．lost sight of B．sorted out C．chanced upon D．kept track of 35．A．gradually B．simply C．vividly D．intensely三、单项选择36．We have to be very sensitive and work ________ with the doctors and nurses, spending time ________ the patients.A．close; cheering on B．closely; cheering upC．close; to cheer up D．closely; to cheer on37．My parents lent me the money. ________, I couldn’t have afforded the trip.A．Thus B．However C．Moreover D．Otherwise 38．— Is $1000 ________ for your trip to Europe?— No. It can only ________ the air fare.A．sufficient; cover B．enough; cost C．precise; payD．plus; spend39．Since Tom ________ downloaded a virus into his computer, he can’t open the file now.A．initially B．exceptionally C．accidentally D．immediately 40．________ experience, he got the job.A．Despite his lack of B．Although lacking ofC．Despite short of D．Though a shortage of41．These pills should ________. You’ll feel much better in no time.A．pull their weight B．do the trickC．put you on the spot D．let off steam42．________ the delicate gift, I found a note ________ to it.A．Instead of; tied B．In terms of; belongingC．Apart from; attached D．In addition to; appealing43．He was a ________ manager, impressing me with his ________ knowledge of management.A．capable; extensive B．flexible; extendedC．available; extensive D．tolerant; extended44．Try to ________ someone when they ________. It’s not easy for anyone to say sorry.A．defend; explain B．forgive; apologizeC．criticize; comment D．forget; complain45．We usually tend to make positive comments on others’ new haircut ________ sometimes we may think it is indeed really awful.A．only if B．what if C．as if D．even if四、语法填空46．Ma Long is a truly (remark) table tennis player and has achieved astonishing achievements. (所给词的适当形式填空)47．New evidence might lead to the (conclude) that we are wrong. (所给词的适当形式填空)48．It was from only a few supplies that she had brought from home the hostess cooked such a nice dinner. (用适当的词填空)49．According to the World Bank，China accounts for about 30 percent of total global fertilizer (consume). (所给词的适当形式填空）50．If your sleep continues to worsen, be sure to reach out a mental health professional. (用适当的词填空)51．The quicker it vibrates, the greater the （frequent）of sound it produces. (所给词的适当形式填空)52．The house (hide) from sight behind some trees, was our destination. (所给词的适当形式填空)53．The movie (shoot) by a famous director last year has gained incredible popularity. (所给词的适当形式填空)54．The town has changed recognition since I was last here. （用适当的词填空）55．The terrible earthquake struck Chile in 1960, (claim) 1,000 plus lives. (所给词的适当形式填空)五、书信写作56．你校英文报开设了“My Favorite Athlete”专栏，请你用英语写一篇短文投稿。
兰州一中2024-2025-1 学期阶段检测试题高二英语第一部分听力（共两节，满分30 分）第一节（共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分7.5 分）听下面 5 段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
What is Dylan’s father nowA. A driver.B. A doctor.C. An office worker.How does the woman recognise the manA. By his glasses.B. By his beard.C. By his jacket.What do we know about the woman’s familyA. They got into debt.B. They like bacon very much.C. Her husband supports the family.What does the woman think o f the man’s ideaA. Crazy.B. Brilliant.C. Unrealistic.What are the speakers talking aboutA. A photography club.B. A weekend plan.C. A coming exhibition. 第二节（共15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分22.5 分）听下面 5 段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5秒钟的作答时间。
每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第 6 段材料，回答第6、7 题。
What did Jake usually wearA. Dark clothes.B. Jeans.C. Formal clothes.What makes Jake change his lookA. The working environment.B. The family atmosphere.C. The living conditions.听第7 段材料，回答第8-10 题。
重庆市巴蜀中学校2024-2025学年高二上学期开学考试英语试题一、阅读理解Want to know all the ins-and-outs regarding the Paris 2024 Olympics? Then you’ve come to the right place! Below you will find all the information about the new Olympic sports.Olympic skateboardingWho will follow in the footsteps of Momiji Nishiya, the first Olympic skateboarding champion, who was crowned at the last Games at the age of 13? The answer will be revealed in Paris this summer. Speed, technique, mastery of the board will be required to successfully perform the most beautiful tricks.Olympic sports climbingWith its second time entering the Olympics, sports climbing has three branches: Speed, Bouldering (抱石攀岩) and Lead. Speed is all about the speed of climbing. Bouldering is all about climbing a boulder on a wall and Lead requires athletes to climb a difficult route 20 meters high.Olympic surfingThe Olympics will be held in Paris, but what about Olympic surfing? There is one venue (场地) that is literally on the other side of the world. The location Teahupoo, on the island of Tahiti, is where Olympic surfing will take place. This island is part of French Polynesia, between Australia and South America.Olympic breakdancingBreakdancing is the new Olympic sport that will make its first appearance in Paris 2024. How to establish a grading system without taking away the artistic freedom at the same time? The points should be based on creativity and musicality, a gray area that depends a lot on feeling and thus has a lot of subjectivity to it.Looking for a handy list of all sports? Click here! Throughout Paris there are all kinds of stadiums and arenas (竞技场) where sporting events are held. Not only Paris itself, but also the surrounding suburbs of the capital of France set the stage for the Olympic Games!1．Which sport is entering the Olympics for the first time in Paris 2024?A．Olympic skateboarding.B．Olympic sports climbing.C．Olympic surfing.D．Olympic breakdancing.2．Which of the following statements is correct?A．Olympic skateboarding requires a high level of physical strength.B．Three branches of Olympic sports climbing evaluate various sides of skills.C．All the above four Olympic events will be held in Paris.D．The scoring of Olympic breakdancing is highly objective.3．Where is the text probably taken from?A．A sports website.B．A health magazine.C．A travel brochure.D．An Olympic news report.“Meet me in the conference room with the contracts and a cup of coffee,” my boss barked at me. “Ten minutes.”I didn’t respond. I stood still as if my shoes had been glued to the floor. I had no intention of taking a cup of anything to anyone, supervisor or not.I had seen with my own eyes what such behavior did to a woman. It happened to Mrs. Wilson next door. Old Mr. Wilson couldn’t put in his own false teeth without his wife’s assistance, let alone make himself lunch. It was a miserable union. I vowed by age eight that I would never live like her. I adopted the motto: Don’t help those who won’t help themselves.I rushed to the file room and pulled my phone. I explained to my father what had happened and asked his advice on what to do, only to be asked back. He must have forgotten the unwritten rule between us about not answering a question with a question. Fortunately, I came up with an idea that would have the best of both worlds.I took up the files and headed for the coffee pot. I took two cups and made two cups of coffee. Then I walked into the boss’ office with a cup of coffee in each hand. I handed my boss a cup of coffee and drank at the same time as him.“Let’s take a break,” partway through the meeting, my boss stood, saying. “I need more coffee.” I picked up my empty cup. “I do, too,” I said, and handed it to him across the table. “Thanks,” I added, looking at him expectantly. The boss was staggered for a moment, and then took the cup from me.When I finally left my boss’ office, I hid in the bathroom and called my dad. My father’s laughter on the phone made me feel even prouder.4．Why does the author mention the Wilsons?A．To show how the couple grew old together.B．To picture what she will be like when she ages.C．To tell the story of the old couple.D．To explain her unwillingness to serve the coffee5．What did the author mean by bringing two cups of coffee to meet the boss?A．She meant to share instead of serving B．She planned to have the boss serve her later.C．She intended to play a trick on her mean boss D．She wanted to save the trouble of doing it again6．What does the underlined word “staggered” mean in the sixth paragraph?A．Annoyed.B．Shocked.C．Confused.D．Excited.7．What can we learn about the author from the text?A．She figured out how to show respect for her superior.B．She found it practical to seek solutions from her father.C．She took a sensible approach to standing up for herself.D．She considered it significant to fight against men bravely.Most people think that weeds are something to be pulled up and thrown away. Now, purslane (马齿苋) may be the key to creating drought resistant crops in a world that is getting warmer.Scientists at Yale University found that purslane can create a new form of photosynthesis (光合作用) that allows this weed to endure drought conditions. “This is a very rare ‘super plant’ — one that could be potentially useful in crop engineering.” said Edwards, a professor of ecology and evolutionary biology.Purslane actually enhances its photosynthesis efficiency to match the high levels found in plants like corn, which enables it to maintain productivity under high temperatures. On the other hand, this plant employs a special way of photosynthesis. It stores carbon dioxide at night and uses it during the day, which makes it remarkably resistant to heat. The uniqueness of purslane lies inthese two characteristics. Yale team conducted an analysis of the genes in the leaves of the plant and found that they are totally integrated and operate in the same cells. Understanding how this works could allow scientists to engineer main crops like corn to resist long-lasting droughts.Growing across the US, purslane has small round leaves, and red, yellow, or pink flowers. You can plant it in your garden just about anywhere. With its sour-salty taste, it is a healthy food rich in vitamins, minerals, and Omega-3s. You can enjoy it raw in salads or cooked as a dish.“In terms of engineering the plant into a crop like corn, there is still a lot of work to do before that could become a reality,” Edwards said in the news release. Finding and growing new food crops that can survive the effects of climate change is a win-win for a planet that is getting hotter and drier. Who knew this common weed could be the key?8．What makes purslane a “super plant” according to Paragraph 2?A．Its unique taste and color.B．Its ability to grow anywhere.C．Its high capacity in storing water.D．Its uncommon way of photosynthesis. 9．What is the advantage of purslane’s storing carbon dioxide at night?A．Increasing its productivity.B．Helping it to resist drought.C．Allowing it to grow faster.D．Reducing its need for sunlight.10．What can we learn about purslane as food?A．It is rich in nutrition.B．It is not widely accepted.C．It is not suitable in salads.D．It is mainly cooked as a dish.11．What is the main purpose of the text?A．To promote the planting of purslane.B．To warn readers of the danger of the weed.C．To describe different types of photosynthesis.D．To show purslane’s potential in crop engineering.Chimps use loud calls and gestures to make their feelings known but until now, the exact meaning for individual movements has remained a mystery. Now researchers believe they have translated the key gestures used in the chimp community and identified their intentions for the first time.From 4,351 gestures, experts were able to identify 66 that are used for 19 specific messagemeanings, including showing a foot to tell a child they can climb on their back. The researchers were able to narrow down these 66 gestures to 36 that are used intentionally to achieve 15 purposes. The translations were made by Dr Catherine Hobaiter and her colleagues at St Andrews University in Scotland.Dr Hobaiter used behavior sampling and filmed all recorded cases of gestural communication. Other gestures include stomping their feet to ask another chimp to stop what they are doing, and slapping objects together to ask another to follow them. Of the 19 meanings,17 encouraged interactions to start, or to develop, such as “move closer,” and “change play”. Some of the gestures were found to have more than one meaning. and only 10 of the 66 gestures were used for only a single meaning.Researchers collected a total of 471 video clips from two social groups of chimps at a shelter near Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo. As well as identifying what the gesture means, they also discovered the technique needed to increase the chances of success.“Human children use gestures to communicate before they produce their first words, and their earliest gestures typically appear around 10 months of age,” explained the researchers. “In great apes, there is good evidence that language-trained individuals are capable of acquiring and understanding signals, but this is far less clear in their natural communication. ”12．Chimps slap the objects to____________.A．tell others to stop what they are doing B．ask others chimps to join themC．gather other chimps to move closer D．encourage interactions to start13．What did researchers find after studying 471 video clips?A．Chimps trained in language are good at understanding signals.B．Two social groups of chimps live at a shelter near Kinshasa.C．Language-trained individuals do well in natural communication.D．Chimps’earliest gestures appear around 10 months of age.14．How is the last paragraph developed?A．By analyzing causes.B．By examining differences.C．By making comparisons.D．By following time order.15．What can be a suitable title for the text?A．A New Research on Chimps B．Human Children and ChimpsC．Getting the Chimps Trained for Language D．Translating the Sign Language ofChimpsIt’s no secret that reading good news feels a lot better than reading bad news. Like, would you rather bite into a lemon, or sip on a fresh glass of lemonade?16 The world is full of problems and conflicts and we need to stay informed and alert (警觉的) to what’s going on around us. While reading traditional, more negative news is important, consuming good news is also part of staying informed. 17 And it also brings meaningful benefits, like reduced stress and anxiety, higher rates of engagement, community building skills, and inspiration for creating a better world. Plus, knowing what to look for in the good news landscape is a key part of improving our media literacy skills and being thoughtful news consumers.In fact, good news, known as solutions journalism, is becoming more popular, as publishers and news stations discover the benefits of sharing positive stories. Good Good Good is one of them. 18 A team of reporters and editors there work daily to deliver stories that make readers feel hopeful and equipped to do more good with possible solutions.“If it bleeds, it leads.” has long been a saying used in the media to describe how news stories about violence, death and destruction draw readers’ attention.19 The thing is, however, there’s also good stuff out there — the delightful and kind parts of humanity. “Beautiful stories are happening worldwide. 20 When you do find them, the world can suddenly feel like a very different place. Good news is a vital part of how we learn about the world and solving the world’s problems.” Hervey, one of Good Good Good’s editors said.A．Share good news with people around you.B．It’s just that we don’t hear as much about them.C．But the “bad news” has its place in the world.D．It provides a more balanced view of the world.E．And so, negative news stories are everywhere on news media.F．Heartwarming stories make you cry and feel good.G．The news media company is devoted to providing good news intentionally.二、完形填空This year, hundreds of people around the world are applying for a desired job to run Port Lockroy, the world’s most remote post office. The 21 is in Antarctica, and one of the key 22 is the ability to count penguins(企鹅).Each year, the UK Antarctic Heritage Trust 23 four postmen to live on the island from November to March. Apart from being a nearly 80-year-old British-owned post office, it 24 as a museum. Although employees each have unique 25 , they are cooperatively responsible for preserving the 26 place and caring for the thousands of tourists. The staff is also 27 environmental data collection and wildlife monitoring.Applicants are warned there’s not much time for relaxation and rest. Still, the job is highly 28 . The UK Antarctic Heritage Trust gets hundreds of applications 29 for the position. They are mainly 30 to Port Lockroy, both for its history and its scientific significance. Lucy Dorman succeeded in applying for the 2019-2020 season. It was a real 31 for her. “Even though the job can be hard at times, there’s a real sense of community. You’ve got to32 , because you can’t get away from each other very easily. I really love that sort of33 ,” she said. “And what you can achieve here is 34 . The total experience offers botha different 35 towards the world and a new viewpoint on your function on the planet. ”21．A．centre B．position C．aim D．unit 22．A．requirements B．characteristics C．virtues D．activities 23．A．persuades B．instructs C．encourages D．hires 24．A．exists B．transforms C．doubles D．develops 25．A．tastes B．talents C．roles D．backgrounds 26．A．temporary B．historic C．grand D．magical 27．A．in favor of B．in need of C．in possession of D．in charge of 28．A．paid B．sought-after C．hard-won D．respectable 29．A．annually B．weekly C．monthly D．daily 30．A．invited B．devoted C．related D．drawn31．A．joy B．lesson C．effort D．shock32．A．get along B．show off C．break through D．give in33．A．loneliness B．eagerness C．looseness D．togetherness 34．A．consistent B．rewarding C．potential D．pure 35．A．entrance B．answer C．attitude D．introduction三、单项选择36．I couldn’t remember the exact date of the celebration, but I knew it was ______ Saturday when everybody was not at ______ work.A．a; the B．a; 不填C．the; the D．the; 不填37．— You seem to be on top of the world.— Of course. There’s more exciting than seeing your name in print.A．everything B．nothing C．anything D．something 38．The student stared at the complex math problem on the board, puzzled, ________ it were written in a foreign language.A．in case B．even if C．as if D．so that39．The news our athletes won another gold medal was reported in yesterday’s newspaper.A．which B．whetherC．what D．that40．Into the dark room ______ David, who became surprised then when ______ “Happy Birthday” shouted by his roommates.A．walked; heard B．walked; hearingC．walking; hearing D．did walk; heard41．The ancient city, ______ was once the center of an empire, ______ by archaeologists and historians for over a decade and has yielded many significant findings.A．which; was studied B．where; was studiedC．which; has been studied D．where; had been studied42．It was in this important competition ________ I got second place ________ I realized my hard work indeed changed my career path.A．when; that B．where; thatC．where; when D．that; where43．The building __________ now is for the new year’s celebration.A．is decorated B．being decoratedC．is being decorated D．to be decorated44．The visitors came to the railway station, only __________ that the train had left.A．to tell B．to be told C．told D．being told45．An ancient temple _________ the Northern Qi Dynasty was destroyed in flames, _________ concerns about the effective protection of cultural relics.A．dating back to; caused B．dating from; causingC．dated back to; causing D．dated from; caused四、语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
江西省宜春中学2024-2025学年高二上学期开学考试英语试题一、听力选择题1．What are the speakers mainly talking about?A．A movie director.B．A popular movie.C．A piece of music. 2．What did the man do this morning?A．He had a check-up.B．He did some sports.C．He did some shopping. 3．Why is the woman here?A．To see a doctor.B．To pick up her grandpa.C．To get some medicine. 4．What does the man say about the woman?A．Kind.B．Helpful.C．Positive.5．Who is probably Jane?A．The man’s mother.B．The woman’s daughter.C．The man’s granddaughter.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6．Where does the conversation take place?A．In a restaurant.B．In a hotel.C．In a clothes shop. 7．When will the woman get her blouse?A．This Thursday.B．This Friday.C．This Saturday.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8．What does the woman think of the parents?A．Impolite.B．Unkind.C．Irresponsible.9．What will the speakers do next?A．Eat in the restaurant.B．Go to another restaurant.C．Chat with the boy.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
青铜峡市宁朔中学 2024-2025 学年第一学期高二年级英语学科开学考试测试卷命题人：(时间：120 分钟满分：150 分)第一部分听力(共两节，满分30 分)第一节（共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分7.5 分）听下面 5 段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1.What is the man looking for?A. A notebook.B. Some books.C. Today’s paper.2.Which bus should the woman take?A. Number 5.B. Number 28.C. Number 67 .3.Why does the woman want to use the man’s locker?A. To store clothes.B. To store books.C. To store newspapers.4.How much money do the speakers have together?A. £ 4.60.B. £ 5.00.C. £ 7.40.5.Who is the man probably?A. A salesman.B. A scientist.C. A tailor.第二节(共 15 小题;每小题 1.5 分,满分 22.5 分)听下面 5 段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题 5 秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。
每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第 6 段材料，回答第6、7 题。
6.Why doesn’t the man like to study in the library?A. It’s too quiet.B. It’s a bit far away.C. It’s rather crowded.7.What will the speakers do next?A. Hand in a paper.B. Write a monthly report.C. Get help from the librarian.听第7 段材料，回答第8 至9 题。
贵州省遵义市第四中学2024-2025年高二上学期开学考试英语试题一、阅读理解Studying an undergraduate degree at the University of Melbourne gives you the choice to gain broad exposure(接触) to different ideas, approaches and ways of thinking across many disciplines(学科). Here are ways to apply for an undergraduate degree and the university fees at Melbourne.Submit Your ApplicationIf you are a student with these qualifications, you should apply to the University through Victorian Tertiary Admissions Center(VTAC):●an Australian Year 12●an International Baccalaureate in Australia●a University of Melbourne internal transferIf you’re a student outside Australia, you should apply directly to the University online. Check the undergraduate application due dates to ensure you don’t miss the application deadline.Supporting DocumentationYou’ll need to provide supporting documentation(文件), including your academic results, as part of your online application. When you apply you will have the option to submit your documentation with Digitary VIA．This service independently checks and evaluates(评估) your academic results before providing them to the University. Checked digital copies of your academic records can help quicken your application process. You may keep your checked documents to accompany any additional applications. The Digitary VIA service will charge a one-offfee.University FeesUniversity fees are not based on your chosen degree. Undergraduate tuition fees differ based on your registered subjects each academic semester. The cost of individual subjects within a course may vary. You can find fee estimates on every course page. You’ll also need to factor in other expenses while at university including course materials, excursions, social events, travel and accommodation.1．As a high school student in China, how will you apply to the University of Melbourne?A．Apply online.B．Turn to VTAC．C．Find a qualified agent.D．Enrol in the admission office.2．What is a feature of Digitary VIA service?A．It improves your application speed.B．It is free of charge.C．It helps polish your application.D．It turns academic records into digital copies. 3．What are the University fees based on?A．Chosen degree.B．Registered subjects.C．Length of each semester.D．Social practices.Retired army officer and Parkinson’s (帕金森) sufferer Guy Deacon traveled 18,000 miles down Africa across 25 countries to raise awareness about the condition of the disease in Africa.It was at school when Deacon received a Wexas traveler’s handbook and on the front cover, there’s a picture of a couple of Land Rovers (路虎车) in the desert with the sun setting behind them. “And I thought, that’s what I want to do when I grow up. I’ve always had this idea to do this when I got the time and money put together.”Traveling down Africa is a massive challenge for anyone, let alone someone with stage 3 Parkinson’s. It’s an incredibly dangerous journey due to the conflicts, road conditions, lack of services and crime. “Much of the journey I was traveling by myself, I had nobody to be responsible to besides myself. That was a little bit lonely, but I had a sense of achievement when I made it.”Parkinson’s is the fastest growing illness worldwide and there are many people suffering with the condition in Africa. Deacon kept a boot (后备箱) full of pills in his car which he had intended to give away. Traveling there for months, he realized he couldn’t do that. Other travelers had shared their pills, but the quantity of pills was not enough. “It wouldn’t help for a short period of time, because they need continual pills.”The experience in Africa left a deep impression on Deacon. He knew what life was like with Parkinson’s without pills. Going back to UK, he had a plan to appeal to more people to fund a foundation which can donate more pills to people with Parkinson’s in Africa.4．What inspired Deacon to travel down Africa?A．Instructions in a traveler’s handbook.B．A scene in a picture on a book cover.C．His former experience in the desert.D．His concern about people with Parkinson’s. 5．What do we know about Deacon’s journey?A．The extreme weather made it dangerous.B．He met someone with stage 3 Parkinson’s.C．He enjoyed the feeling of challenging himself.D．He completed it thanks to the assistance of locals.6．Why didn’t Deacon give away pills to people?A．Deacon needed the pills himself.B．Other travelers didn’t share their pills before.C．His pills didn’t work on people in Africa.D．The quantity of pills couldn’t meet the need. 7．Which of the following can best describe Deacon?A．Skillful and tough.B．Responsible and talented.C．Thrill- loving and frank.D．Warm- hearted and determined.“Mobile phone addiction” is a term used to describe the phenomenon of a person being glued to their phone. Researchers from the University of Granada (UGR) has proved that it’s not mobile phones themselves to which people are “addicted”, but rather the social interactions they promote. This study offers the first experimental scientific support for a theory initially proposed in 2018 by Samuel P. L. Veissiere, a scholar at McGill University in Montreal, Canada.To conduct the experiment, the UGR scientists worked with a sample of 86 subjects who were divided into two groups. Group One was instructed to send a message via WhatsApp to their most active contacts explaining that they were going to participate in an exciting task in a VR universe(the same message in all cases). Group Two was not asked to send this “exciting” message to their contacts.“Next, we asked both groups of people to mute (静音) their mobile phones and leave them face down on the table while they engaged in the activity. When the interaction with the VR world was over, we left the participants idle. After this period of inactivity, we allowed all the participants to return to using WhatsApp,” explains Jorge Lopéz Puga, lead author of the study.Throughout the process, the UGR scientists measured the electrodermal activity of the skin, a parameter (参数) taken as a sign of the activity of our nervous system. “We observed that Group One was more tense throughout the experiment. We also found that this group became more anxious when they were asked to stop using their mobile phones. Moreover, when they wereallowed to use their phones again, this group experienced a much higher level of emotional arousal (激动),” says Lopéz Puga.The results show that mobile phones are not the cause of psychological problems, but how and why the devices are used can better explain certain psychological problems.8．What can be inferred about the theory put forward by Samuel P. L. Veissiere?A．It focused on the effects of social interactions.B．It was inspired by the UGR scientists’ research.C．It related mobile phone addiction to social interactions.D．It was the first scientific theory about mobile phone addiction.9．What is the difference between the two groups?A．Group One had more participants.B．Group One was asked to text their contacts.C．Group Two performed a task in the VR universe.D．Group Two was requested to mute their mobile phones.10．Which of the following can replace “idle” in Paragraph 3?A．Busy with their work.B．Eager to know the results.C．Away from social activities.D．Unable to use their phones.11．What did the UGR scientists find about Group One?A．They were more anxious in daily life.B．They had more psychological problems.C．They experienced obvious mood changes.D．They were dependent on their mobile phones.In Florida, rancher (农场主) Jim Strickland can see his cows at any time, day or night. To do this, all he needs is his phone. Based on GPS technology, Strickland uses virtual fencing to watch and control the movements of his animals.Virtual fencing uses radio signals to make an invisible fence. Each animal wears a collar (颈圈) around its neck. The collar has a radio signal receiver and a GPS device that shows the animal’s location. The signals come from nearby mobile phone towers or base stations that can be moved using a small truck. Ranchers train livestock (牲畜) to connect a sound with a small electric shock. When an animal gets close to a virtual fence, its collar makes a warning sound. Ifthe animal moves even closer to the fence, it receives a shock. In this way, livestock quickly learn to stay away from the fence. Ranchers can change the virtual fence boundaries quickly by using a phone App or computer. And livestock quickly learn the new boundaries.By using virtual fencing, Strickland can remotely move his cows from one area to another and watch for animals that may be having problems. For example, if the system shows that a cow has not moved for many hours, it may be sick or injured. Virtual fencing can also help control grazing (放牧). William Burnidge, Deputy Director of TNC, an environmental non-profit organization, said that by changing fence boundaries, the systems prevent animals from eating too many plants within one area, which helps plants grow again.An animal’s collar can cost $ 50 or even more annually. Last year, the Bezos Earth Fund awarded$ 9.9 million to Cornell University’s College of Agriculture and Life Sciences to develop cost-effective virtual fencing. The institution has outlined a plan to evaluate the effect of this technology in less- developed areas. In certain regions, Burnidge was aware of the significant role played by numerous workers in monitoring and caring for livestock, thus raising concerns that virtual fencing could result in unemployment.Still, Burnidge said that many people wanted to learn more about the technology. “I’ve never seen anything comparable to the amount of interest,” he said.12．What is the function of the collars?A．To track the location of the movable towers.B．To send signals to the nearby base stations.C．To prevent animals from crossing the boundaries.D．To automatically adjust the borders of the fence.13．What is the benefit of using virtual fencing?A．It protects animals from diseases.B．It promotes sustainable grazing.C．It makes high profits for ranchers.D．It helps plants grow better.14．What worried Burnidge?A．A collar cost too much money.B．It was hard to test the technology.C．Livestock were left uncared.D．Virtual fencing could cause job loss. 15．What is the best title of this passage?A．Virtual Fencing Changes the Way of Grazing B．Grazing Faces Challenges in SomeAreasC．Magical Collars Do Good to the Environment D．Gps Technology Is Widely Used in GrazingMental health can be negatively impacted by seasonal changes. This phenomenon is referred to as seasonal depression or seasonal affective disorder (SAD).SAD features depression no matter the season. 16 Unlike Winter SAD with slow thinking and moving, and more eating and sleeping, Summer SAD is a more anxious type that usually results in a loss of desire for food and sleep. Outlined here are steps for you to deal with Summer SAD．Spending time in nature. Connecting with nature can help you relieve (减轻) the effects of Summer SAD．17 It also allows you to appreciate the beauty and quietness around you, thus reducing stress and giving you a mental escape.18 Surround yourself with positive people and have meaningful conversations with them. In such interactions, you are offered support and different views to see things more positively. So you can gain new insights and feel a boost in your emotional well-being.Starting a mood Journal to track your feeling. By noting down your thoughts and emotions, you can better understand how certain activities or situations influence your mental state, and reflect on the causes of your depression. 19Moving your body. Things including dancing, running or swimming can be powerful cures. Dancing freely can bring sheer joy and freedom, driving out the heavy cloud of summer depression. 20 And swimming not only cools you down but offers a sense of weightlessness.A．Having a chat with professionals.B．Talking to people in your support system.C．Some people feel better after swimming in a lake.D．This way, you can gradually find ways to reduce the impact of it.E．When outside, you can breath in the fresh air and enjoy the sunshine.F．However, people’s experiences in the winter and summer can dramatically differ. G．Running outdoors helps clear your mind, providing you with a way out of the pressure.二、完形填空My sister’s words cut through my excuses. “You should see the world,” she 21 . I knew she was right. But traveling felt like something unreal. I was 22 of backpackers talking about their “life- changing” experiences.Then, my Greek friend reminded me of our decade- old 23 to visit his hometown in Athens. Despite my 24 , I found myself on a plane, excited but 25 about what would happen.Every step through the ancient streets of Athens 26 new wonders. However, what really changed my perspective of travel was a chance 27 with a stranger.While we were walking, a rhythmic clinking (叮当声) caught our attention. Curious, we 28 the sound. Inside a workshop, a welder (铁匠) was lost in his 29 , he paid no attention to us. All that was visible was his short hair and strong figure. His hands 30 worked the metal as if he were an experienced magician creating sparks and flames.I felt a pang of envy (羡慕). I envied his peace and 31 . The simplicity he showed was what I 32 . The moment moved me to tears. Watching the welder, I realized that happiness lies not in gathering passport stamps or 33 belongings, but in finding self-satisfaction within yourself.Since returning back home, I look for meaning in the 34 of moments— the ordinary made extraordinary. There is always beauty waiting to be 3521．A．recited B．complained C．warned D．insisted 22．A．ashamed B．proud C．tired D．guilty 23．A．friendship B．promise C．journey D．puzzle 24．A．hesitation B．anger C．faith D．failure 25．A．relaxed B．annoyed C．worried D．embarrassed 26．A．brought in B．brought back C．brought down D．brought forward 27．A．appointment B．encounter C．argument D．bargain 28．A．heard B．ignored C．followed D．silenced 29．A．memory B．imagination C．study D．work30．A．automatically B．casually C．expertly D．blindly 31．A．pride B．satisfaction C．profession D．appearance 32．A．recalled B．desired C．admitted D．introduced 33．A．mental B．natural C．limited D．material 34．A．simplest B．funniest C．best D．sweetest 35．A．discovered B．rescued C．proved D．replaced三、语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
（校本试卷）2023-2024学年湖南省永州一中高二（上）开学英语试卷第一部分 听力（共两节，满分7.5分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍1．（1.5分）What does the woman want for her new home？A.A convenient neighborhood.B.Better nature scenes.rger space.2．（1.5分）Who are the speakers？A.Store staff and customer.B.Policeman and lost kid.C.Brother and sister.3．（1.5分）What is Ryan most excited about？A.Online videos.B.Virtual reality.C.Phone applications.4．（1.5分）What will the speakers do next？A.Attend a meeting.B.Have lunch.C.Work on a report.5．（1.5分）What are the speakers mainly talking about？A.Their favorite songs.B.Online English courses.nguage learning.第二节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。
每段对话或独白读两遍。
安徽省淮南第二中学2024-2025学年高二上学期9月开学考试英语试题一、阅读理解The FIFA Women’s World Cup might be taking place half a world away — in Australia and New Zealand, from 20 July — but football-mad families can get a fix of the beautiful game far closer to home. If you are inspired to take a football- based break with the kids this summer, here are the cities to head to.LiverpoolAs the home of Liverpool FC since the club’s formation in 1892, Anfield is one of the best-known football stadiums on the planet. Young fans of the club will find plenty to enjoy on the stadium tour, with many photo opportunities, dressing room access and great views across the city from the top of the Main Stand. The museum, The Liverpool FC Story, includes the Boom Room exhibition, devoted to the club’s 2019/2020 Premier League win. The guided tour takes around 70 minutes.MunichVarious ex-Premier League stars are currently on Bayern Munich’s books, and the club has long been a grand sporting presence. Six times champions of Europe, Germany’s most successful team regularly sells out the ultra-modern 75,000-capacity Allianz Arena. Tours include access to the FC Bayern Museum, where countless trophies (奖杯) are on display.MilanAs the home stadium of both AC Milan and Inter Milan, and a regular venue for internationals, San Siro is a ground with bags of history. Having two resident clubs means double the matches, and a higher likelihood of getting tickets for a game — where the atmosphere can be intense. The guided tour takes around 80 minutes.ParisThe 80,000-capacity Stade de France has hosted three Champions League finals, a World Cup final and a Euros final, with the likes of Zinedine Zidane and Cristiano Ronaldo winning trophies here. For sports-mad kids, however, the appeal doesn’t end there — the same stadium willbe staging next year’s Olympic Games. The guided tour takes around 90 minutes.1．Who is the text intended for?A．A Chinese football fan.B．A French mother with a kid.C．A visitor getting to London.D．A primary school student from Germany.2．What can children do on Anfield tour?A．Attend a football match.B．Buy dresses conveniently.C．Overlook the city of Liverpool.D．Enjoy the club’s newly-won trophies.3．What do Allianz Arena and Stade de France have in common?A．They offer a guided tour.B．They have the same size.C．They can seat a large audience.D．They have hosted a World Cup final.In 1957 a group of physicists gathered in a lecture hall at Princeton University to be addressed by a Chinese American woman. As she told the crowd about her recent experiment and its results, the response was dead silence for two minutes, then a thunderous applause (掌声) continued for ten minutes. The woman was Chien-Shiung Wu, known as the First Lady of Physics, who transformed nuclear science through her work on the Manhattan Project and other groundbreaking experiments.Born in 1912 near Shanghai, China, Wu was influenced by her father, an engineer, and her mother, an educator. Unlike many Chinese women of her time, she received a formal education. Fascinated by new discoveries and the story of women scientists like Marie Curie, she entered National Central University to study physics and then began her scientific studies.It was a time of rapid change in both the field of physics and China. Domestic unrest and a bad relationship with Japan made life at home uneasy. With the help of an uncle, she immigrated to the United States for graduate school.Wu planned to go to the University of Michigan, but a tour of the University of California, Berkeley — and word that a student center at Michigan did not allow female students to enterthrough the front door — changed her mind. At Berkeley Wu was visible for her gender and race, and from the start her male colleagues commented as much on her physical appearance as her keen mind. She quickly gained a reputation and became an expert in the newly discovered phenomenon of nuclear fission (核裂变).After graduation, she headed to Smith College to teach women physics. During World War Two Wu went to Princeton University, where she became the physics department’s first female instructor. But shortly after her arrival, her career took an unexpected turn in 1944. She ended up joining the staff at Columbia University on a top-secret research program now known as the Manhattan Project.4．Which word best describes the lecture in Paragraph 1?A．Boring.B．Excellent C．Humorous.D．Common. 5．What inspired Wu to study physics?A．The background of her family.B．The success of women scientists.C．The formal education she received.D．The rapid change in the field of physics.6．What happened to Wu in America?A．She was looked down on at Berkeley.B．She went to the University of Michigan at first.C．She taught women physics at Princeton University.D．She joined a top-secret research program at Columbia University.7．What can we learn from Wu’s story?A．A good beginning is half done.B．Knowledge starts with practice.C．Actions speak louder than words.D．Positive thinking and action result in success.If you’ve ever thought you may be running a temperature yet couldn’t find a thermometer (温度计), you aren’t alone. To address this issue, a team led by researchers at the University of Washington has created an app called Fever Phone, which changes smartphones into thermometerswithout adding new hardware (硬件). Instead, it uses the phone’s touchscreen and repurposes the existing battery temperature sensors to gather data that a machine learning model uses to estimate (估计) people’s core body temperatures.The team started by gathering data in a lab. To simulate (模拟) a warm forehead (前额), the researchers heated a plastic bag of water with a machine and pressed phone screens against the bag. To account for variations (变化) in circumstances, such as different people using different phones, the researchers tested three phone models. They used the data from different test cases to train a machine learning model that used the complex interactions to estimate body temperature. The app tracks how quickly the phone heats up and then uses the touchscreen data to account for how much of that comes from a person touching it. As they added more test cases, the researchers were able to complete the model to account for the variations in things such as phone accessories (附件).To use Fever Phone, the participants held the phones like point- and- shoot cameras— with forefingers and thumbs touching the corner edges to reduce heat from the hands being sensed ( some had the researcher hold the phone for them). Then participants keep the skin-to-phone contact between the touchscreen and their foreheads for about 90 seconds, which the researchers found to be the ideal time to sense body heat transferring to the phone.Overall, Fever Phone estimated patient core body temperatures with an average error of about 0.41 degrees Fahrenheit (0.23 degrees Celsius), which is in the clinically acceptable range of 0.5 C．8．How does Fever Phone sense fevers?A．By adding new hardware.B．By recreating a temperature sensor.C．By gathering data with the phone sensor.D．By connecting a thermometer to a smart phone.9．What is Paragraph 2mainly about?A．How researchers developed Fever Phone.B．What problems appeared in the test cases.C．Whether the phone screens functioned well.D．Why Fever Phone could estimate body temperature.10．Which gesture is right when you use Fever Phone?A．Taking a picture of your forehead.B．Holding the smartphone in hand.C．Raising the smartphone in front of you.D．Pressing the touchscreen against the forehead.11．What’s the author’s attitude to Fever Phone?A．Favorable.B．Doubtful.C．Unclear.D．Indifferent.Despite their name, microplastics are a great player in pollution worldwide. They have entered nearly every environment, especially oceans. To track the problem, researchers are now homing in on these floating white pollutants from more than 300 miles away — in space.Recent research in Scientific Reports details how microplastics appear to flow alongside floating oily and soapy substances (物质) called surfactants, which create distinct footprints (足迹) in ocean currents. Those footprints are found by NASA’s Cyclone Global Navigation Satellite System (CYGNSS), a network of eight hurricane-monitoring satellites (卫星), and following them could help map microplastics’ spread, aiding cleanup and regulation efforts.The CYGNSS satellite radar measures the ocean surface’s roughness (粗糙), caused by wind-generated waves. In 2021 CYGNSS researchers noticed the radar picking up strange areas of smoothness with fewer and smaller waves. They didn’t know the mechanism behind the smoothness or whether it might be linked to factors aside from microplastics such as marine life (海洋生物) or chemical interactions.To find out the reason, Pan and his CYGNSS colleagues did the following study: they used a 750,000-gallon indoor wave tank to simulate real- world currents. They found that microplastics alone, at their reported ocean concentration, did not generate matching patches of smoothness. Instead the smoothing came when the researchers added surfactants. These chemicals — which influence wave activity by decreasing the water’s surface tension — often accompany microplastics as a by-product of plastic production and breakdown and are carried on the same ocean currents. Because the satellites easily spot surfactants’ smoothing effect, the substances can act as à tracer (示踪剂) for microplastics’ movements.The researchers say tracing surfactants is a method “worth pursuing”. Microplastics can exist for a really long time. “If we want to invest in solutions, we want to know how plastic naturally moves around so that we can make the most of our resources and go after the places we can make the biggest difference.”12．Which can best explain the underlined words “ homing in on” in Paragraph 1?A．Aiming at.B．Dealing with.C．Cleaning up.D．Sorting out.13．According to Paragraph 2, what’s a function of CYGNSS?A．To clean up surfactants.B．To track pollutants in the ocean.C．To create clear footprints in currents.D．To map microplastics’ spread in the ocean.14．What does the study find about surfactants?A．They kill the marine life.B．They break down microplastics.C．They lead to the water’s smoothness.D．They increase the ocean surface’s roughness.15．What can be a suitable title for the text?A．Scientists clean up ocean microplasticsB．Satellites help recycle ocean pollutantsC．Microplastics are a vital player in ocean pollutionD．New technique maps ocean microplastics from spaceBeing a first-year international student at a U. S. college or university can be a little scary — there’s so much to do and remember. 16 Here are more first-year tips for international students.Connect With Other Students Before Arrival17 . These can be great opportunities to meet a potential roommate and begin finding connections and familiar faces before move- in. Students should also plan to attend other events to meet more students and grow their social circles.Call Home Upon ArrivalStudents may be excited to start their new life, but family need to know you. arrived safely. Students who forget to contact their parents after arriving could lead to a hurry call to university as parents try to track down their children. 18 . The reason may be that there will be Wi- Fi at the airport and an Internet connect ion may not yet be set up at your new residence.19Experts say it’s wise to travel with some cash and have that money changed to U. S. dollars. In addition to getting money changed, a credit card is a must. If your wallet gets stolen, your money will be perfectly safe. It also quietly builds your credit score if you’ re paying back on time. Students typically can get information about setting up a bank account and should do some financial planning to cover all of their expenses.Make Friends With a Variety of StudentsWhile international student freshmen may be interested in their own communities, it’s important to branch out and meet a variety of students. 20 . Students from other countries offer new perspectives, who can offer first-year students great advice and insights on navigating school. Experts also recommend connecting with native U. S. students, who can provide broader exposure to U. S. culture.A．Deal With Financial (金融) IssuesB．Carry a Credit CardC．U. S. campuses are known for their diversityD．Contacting family when landing is importantE．Call your parents and let them know you are sadF．But a little preparation can go a long way for a successful freshman yearG．Universities often organize social media events to connect new students二、完形填空For former teacher Billy Keenan, life had always been about action. He mastered musical 21 including the erhu, guitar and piano. As a 22 player, he won numerous 5K, 10K and half-marathon runs. “I was at the 23 of my powers,” he said.But on Sept. 14, 2013, his life changed 24 while surfing at the Jersey Shore. “I rode that wave, 25 my board, and hit my 26 on the ocean floor,” Keenan told CBS News, “Everything went black.”Keenan 27 in a hospital room two weeks later. He had been paralyzed (瘫痪) from the shoulders down and the medical team didn’t 28 him to regain independent breathing. When a parent of a former student visited him at the hospital, they handed him the 29 .It was NYPD Detective Steven McDonald. McDonald had 30 a shooting and was too paralyzed in 1986. He 31 forgave (原谅) his attacker. Later, he became a public speaker. That day, he had advice for Keenan. “The only reason you survive is that when you’ re better, when you’ re 32 , you’ re going to come back and contribute in a significant way.”Depending on that 33 from McDonald and his own faith, Keenan 34 the difficulties. Four months later, he was able to 35 on his own again. 21．A．instruments B．skills C．pieces D．methods 22．A．generous B．weak C．competitive D．pleased 23．A．end B．top C．beginning D．point 24．A．possibly B．gradually C．slowly D．suddenly 25．A．stepped on B．threw away C．fell off D．left behind 26．A．knee B．head C．ankle D．waist27．A．fell asleep B．woke up C．passed away D．lay down 28．A．expect B．aid C．urge D．encourage 29．A．wheelchair B．bill C．phone D．flower 30．A．mastered B．learned C．watched D．survived 31．A．eventually B．slightly C．occasionally D．happily 32．A．richer B．stronger C．more famous D．more knowledgeable 33．A．interest B．request C．question D．reminder 34．A．changed B．met C．overcame D．created 35．A．breathe B．run C．surf D．walk三、语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
2024—2025学年郑州市宇华实验学校高二（上）开学考试英语注意事项：1.答题前，考生务必用黑色碳素笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号、座位号在答题卡上填写清楚。
2.每道选择题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
在试题卷上作答无效。
3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。
不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
4.考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1.What will the man do this afternoonA.Do some running.B.Go swimming.C.Play basketball.2.Where will the girl eat breakfastA.At the school café.B.At the library.C.At home.3.What does the man suggest the woman save money forA.A purse.B.A watch.C.Warm clothes.4.When will Jack meet Mr. RichA.At 2:00 p. m.B.At 4:00 p. m.C.At 5:00 p. m.5.Why does the man make the phone callA.To cancel a weekend trip.B.To make an appointment.C.To get some information.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
辽宁省部分高中2024-2025学年高二上学期开学英语试题一、阅读理解Camping in New York’s State ParksReservation & Rental Fees·Reservation Fee: $7.25.·Campsite Rate: $15 per night. Out-of-state residents will pay an extra $5 per night for campsites. Cancellations·Cancelling 8 days or more before arrival: The costs you are expected to cover include the reservation fee $7.25 plus the cancellation fee $7.25.·Cancelling 7 days or less before arrival: The costs you are expected to cover include the reservation fee $7.25 and the cancellation fee $7.25, plus the fee of the first night’s campsites. General Rules and Information·Reservations can be made 9 months in advance. Same-day reservations will be allowed until 3 pm on the day of arrival.·Check In: 3 pm. The sites must be registered by 9 pm on the first night of the reservation.·Check Out: Campers must leave their sites no later than 11 am on the day of leaving.·14 continuous nights at most per stay.·Rubbish must be placed in trash bags. Too much rubbish on sites may result in fees charged to the permit holder. Camper Assistance Programme (CAP)CAP volunteers serve in various ways.·Welcoming campers and helping enrich their camping experience.·Familiarizing campers with park programmes and rules.·Checking facilities.CAP volunteers serve for at least two or at most four weeks. They are on duty for five days per week, including weekends and holidays. In return for their service, they receive a free camping site during their duty. Additional campers who come with the volunteer can enjoy the same treatment.1．How much should an out-of-state resident pay if he cancels two days before check-in?A．$7.25.B．$14.5.C．$29.5.D．$34.5.2．What is a must for campers?A．Booking a site in advance.B．Paying for the removal of rubbish.C．Arranging for an early morning checkin.D．Checking out before 11 am when leaving. 3．What do we know about CAP volunteers?A．They are required to take a helper.B．They are expected to examine facilities.C．They must work for at least four weeks.D．They need to organise park programmes.When Mayumi Watanabe tells people what she does for a living, most people widen their eyes in disbelief, not just because she is quite tiny. “I can see they’re thinking, ‘How can such a tiny woman drive a big truck? ’ ” Watanabe, who is 152 cm tall, said as she prepared for the busy run-up to be a truck driver.When she started driving her truck, Watanabe was an exception, as all her co-workers were men. Figuring out routes in the days before E-maps was not the only aspect of the job with which she struggled. Expressway truck stops did not have women’s toilets, and heavy-vehicle cabs appeared to have been designed entirely with male drivers in mind.Watanabe is now a director of Heartful, the first among Japan’s 62, 000 trucking firms to employ only female drivers. Japan’s $300 bn freight and logistics (货运和物流) field is looking to women to address what industry insiders believe could be disastrous changes in the aging labour market.In an attempt to make trucking, with its punishingly long hours, more attractive, the Japanese government will limit drivers’ overtime at 960 hours a year, or 80 hours a month, from April. However, transport companies warn that it will cause an outflow from a job in which most drivers depend on large amounts of overtime to make ends meet. But for Watanabe, there are also signs of a bright side in the industry.In the two decades that Watanabe, 43, has been driving trucks around her company’s base in Fukui, toilet facilities have improved, while improved seat design and steering (操纵) technology have made her job much easier. With more women driving large trucks, companies are starting to customize their vehicles to better suit them, including fitting cabs with curtains to give the drivers more privacy during rest breaks.Watanabe’s extra hours will fall sharply from April. “A lot of drivers will just quit,” she said.But she has no intention of joining them. “Driving gives me a sense of freedom.”4．What aspect of Mayumi Watanabe surprises people the most?A．Her great enthusiasm for trucks.B．Her positive attitude towards life.C．Her busy schedule at the end of the year.D．Her presence in a male-centered profession. 5．What did Watanabe struggle to do in her daily work?A．Develop competence in driving a truck.B．Get along well with her male co-workers.C．Fit into the uncomfortable working conditions.D．Determine driving routes through digital maps.6．What is the significance of women in Japan’s freight and logistics industry?A．They help ease the labour shortage.B．They improve customer satisfaction.C．They promote equality in the workplace.D．They contribute to better labour management. 7．What is paragraph 5 mainly about?A．Technological advancements in trucking.B．Benefits of having more women in trucking.C．Positive changes made in the trucking industry.D．Reasonable demands from women truck drivers.On the beaches, in the deepest reaches of the backcountry — even nearly 100 feet underwater, the noise of navy training jets (喷气式飞机) is unbearable for people and even endangered southern residents — tiger whales, a new scientific research shows.In a paper published in the Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, scientists reported an underwater microphone fixed in nearly 100 feet of water offshore of the runway at Naval Air Station Whidbey Island, Washington, clearly picked up the sound of the jets, at levels known to affect tiger whales’ behaviour. “To the tiger whales at that depth, the noise is about as loud as a ship 650 feet away,” said Rob Williams, lead scientist and an author on the paper.Tiger whales use sound to find food, so underwater noise can affect their ability to get enough to eat. Lauren Kuehne, lead author on the paper, said she was surprised at just how clear the jet noise was even deep underwater, showing the noise easily spreads to depths where Chinook Salmon, the tiger whales’primary prey (猎物) , are often found. “Mentally I was prepared for noise, but not for that; it was clear as a bell. It has given me a whole new appreciation. We don’t use our ears the way animals do. For them, it is life and death,” said Kuehne.The number and duration of daily overflights, the team stressed, also outnumber those in a majority of studies that have dug into the impacts of noise from military aircraft, worldwide.Williams said the study demolishes the assumption that the noise of the jets doesn’t travel underwater. “The original understanding is that the noise is going to bounce off the ocean,” Williams said. “Here we show it doesn't. The sound goes underwater. We have shown that it is noisy, and noisy enough to require paying attention to.”8．How did researchers confirm the effect of the noise on tiger whales?A．By adjusting the sound of jets.B．By collecting noise underwater.C．By observing tiger whales’ behaviour.D．By picking up tiger whales’ brainwaves. 9．Why is underwater noise dangerous to tiger whales?A．It scares off their natural prey.B．It affects their hunting activity.C．It destroys their sense of hearing.D．It makes them nervous underwater. 10．What does the underlined word “demolishes” in the last paragraph probably mean?A．Overturns.B．Updates.C．Explains.D．Justifies. 11．What’s the best title for the text?A．Irregular Airplane Noise B．Underwater Species ProtectionC．Unknown Underwater Sound D．Non-ignorable Undersea AnnoyanceEver since Neil Alden Armstrong took one small step onto the moon, moon dust has proved to be a messy problem for astronauts, gathering on their spacesuits and being difficult to clean off. Scientists have come up with a new solution to this problem.For their experiment, researchers dressed Barbie dolls in spacesuits constructed of materials similar to what NASA uses. Then they covered the spacesuits these dolls wore with a moon dust replacement — volcanic ash, collected from the 1980 eruption of nearby Mount Saint Helens in America, which is similar to moon dust. Then the team sprayed (喷) the dolls with liquid nitrogen (氮) to test how well liquid nitrogen could remove moon dust from the spacesuits.They found that spraying the spacesuit-wearing dolls with liquid nitrogen not only removed more than 98% of the moon dust replacement but also caused little to no damage to the spacesuit material. This proved to be a better solution than the traditional method: Apollo programme astronauts would use brushes to wipe off moon dust from their spacesuits, which would eventuallyseverely damage the material.Not only is moon dust annoyingly clingy (黏附的) , but coming into contact with it can prove harmful to human cells and can lead to an illness that causes watery eyes, a sore throat and sneezing. “Moon dust is harmful, and it gets everywhere,” said Ian Wells, head of the research team. “It can work its way into spacesuits and make them unusable. It can also have a negative impact on astronauts’ lungs. That’s not exactly something astronauts would want to deal with while conducting an already risky mission to the moon.”Ian Wells’s team presented their findings to NASA as part of their upcoming mission to the moon and they won the space agency’s Breakthrough, Innovative and Game-Changing (BIG) Idea Challenge.“We used the doll primarily because it’s a one-sixth-scale person,” Wells said. “However, it was also chosen as the Artemis mission, aiming to send the first woman to the moon.”12．What’s the new solution to the moon dust on spacesuits?A．Wiping it off with brushes.B．Changing the material of spacesuits.C．Covering spacesuits with volcanic ash.D．Spraying liquid nitrogen on spacesuits. 13．Why is the new moon dust removal method better than the traditional one?A．It costs much less.B．It uses devices easier to carry.C．It almost does no harm to spacesuits.D．It is friendlier to the space environment. 14．What does paragraph 4 want to stress concerning moon dust?A．Its research value.B．Its severe harmfulness.C．Its physical feature.D．Its formation process.15．What might be NASA’s attitude towards Wells’ team’s findings?A．Uncaring.B．Doubtful.C．Unclear.D．Supportive.When it comes to work, every one of us could be under pressure such as tight deadlines, busy work schedules, low salaries, etc. 16 But don’t worry. The following ways may help you deal with them in the workplace without making you crazy.Build your self-confidence. A successful person is the one who does not let one failure stop him or her from moving forward. Therefore, do not feel down when you are facing a failure in the workplace.17 You should always believe in yourself and give yourself a secondchance.Do not fear gossip (流言蜚语).18 For that, some people may gossip about you.Don’t be upset. Just ignore what they say about your failures because there are some people who try to make others feel down even though they make thousands of mistakes themselves. What you need to do is learn from your mistakes.19 You have to face failures when you fail to meet your promises. Therefore, whether it is your boss or your customers, do not promise the things that you cannot complete within the given time. However, give them the assurance that you will try your best to solve the problem as soon as possible.Treat each failure as an opportunity. Learn to admit your shortcomings, as this is the only way that you can avoid being affected by failures. Treat the failure as an opportunity that is given to you to adjust your style of working. 20A．Promise what you can deliver.B．Cheer up, learn from it and move forward.C．And sometimes, you may even face failures or criticism.D．You may have been criticized by your leader for your mistakes.E．Listen to their experiences and learn how they handled their failures.F．And keep in mind that every failure teaches you to become a better person.G．If you are unable to complete a project, find out the reasons behind the failure.二、完形填空Some time ago, I decided to do a “Moonwalk Marathon” for charity. In the hours before midnight, with 21 music, energetic warm-up activities and enthusiastic organisers exciting the crowds, groups of friends 22 and prepared for 10-hour walks through the streets.The good news was that I’d trained, gradually 23 the length of my walks before the event. I had comfortable walking shoes. I had full 24 that I could properly deal with the physical demands ahead. But I was to discover that it was the mental 25 that were the most difficult. With thousands of people around, I didn’t have a (n) 26 to talk to. All of these made a very 27 and lonely 10-hour walk. By 5 am, I was extremely 28 . The onlything I had to keep me taking one step after another towards the 29 was my own thoughts.My “Moonwalk” experience taught me that while it could be 30 to have people around to coach and 31 you when you are feeling like giving up, the only person with you is yourself. You will encounter various kinds of difficulties in life, so you must train yourself to face the difficulties 32 .By the way, I did 33 the “Moonwalk Marathon”. When I 34 my medal, I felt a huge sense of achievement. I realized that one’s mindset could be so different between giving up and 35 your goals.21．A．inspiring B．comforting C．classical D．light 22．A．called up B．held up C．looked up D．met up 23．A．shortening B．limiting C．determining D．increasing 24．A．function B．confidence C．satisfaction D．promise 25．A．ages B．conflicts C．requirements D．benefits 26．A．stranger B．partner C．competitor D．neighbour 27．A．heartbreaking B．wild C．challenging D．proper 28．A．bored B．delighted C．hesitant D．tired 29．A．finish B．passage C．audience D．exit30．A．safe B．helpful C．unique D．tough 31．A．attract B．ignore C．support D．respect 32．A．regularly B．definitely C．understandingly D．independently 33．A．change B．complete C．choose D．miss 34．A．picked up B．accounted for C．put up D．hoped for 35．A．achieving B．setting C．adjusting D．seeking三、语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
2024学年第一学期浙江省名校协作体试题高二年级英语学科考生须知：1．本卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟；2．答题前，在答题卷指定区域填写学校、班级、姓名、试场号、座位号及准考证号；3．所有答案必须写在答题卷上，写在试卷上无效；4．考试结束后，只需上交答题卷。
选择题部分第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt A．19.15. B．9.18. C．9.15. 答案是C。
1．Where does the conversation probably take placeA．On a street. B．In a police office. C．In a hospital.2．What does the woman say about the newly opened restaurant A．The service was poor.B．The menu was confusing.C．The dishes were delicious.3．What does the man think of the weather appA．It’s inconvenient. B．It’s undependable. C．It’s accurate. 4．Why didn’t the woman take part in the speech contest yesterday A．She forgot it. B．She was busy. C．She was seriously ill. 5．What did the woman forget to bring with herA．The phone. B．The charger. C．Cleaning items.第二节（共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。
2024-2025学年福建省漳州市高二上学期开学联考英语试卷考试时间：90分钟满分：120分第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
AIf you’re planning on hitting up a festival this summer, make sure you check out the latest packing guide to camping music festivals.Quebec City Summer FestivalWhen: July 4-14Where: Toronto, Quebec300 shows, 10 places and 11 days of music make this festival one of Canada’s biggest music festivals. Every year, this festival attracts over one million festivalgoers to Quebec City’s historic district for concerts by international superstars and top new talent.Center of GravityWhen: July 28-30Where: Kelowna, British ColumbiaCanada’s hottest beach festival is back! Now in its 10th year, the biggest and exciting festival to hit the Okanagan includes three days packed with extreme sports, sandy beaches, and some of the biggest DJ names in the world.Future ForestWhen: August 5-7Where: Fredericton, New BrunswickFuture Forest is an outdoor camping festival with a focus on electronic music. The festival originated in 2012 as a fundraiser for a brilliant DJ, Jay Hamilton, who was diagnosed with cancer.Future Forest proudly shows the idea that there are no audience at the event but rather participants who in some way contribute to the overall experience.Shambhala Music FestivalWhen: August 9-10Where: Salmo River Ranch, British ColumbiaThis is Canada’s earliest electronic music festival. Cutting edge talent, lights and sound come together to give life to this event. Seeing it for yourself is the only way to understand exactly what is Shambhala.1．What can people do in the Quebec City Summer Festival?A. Do some extreme sports.B. Play on the sandy beaches.C. Learn about Quebec City’s history.D. Enjoy the performances of superstars.2．What was Future Forest set up for at first?A. To honor a brilliant DJ.B. To promote electronic music.C. To raise money for a cancer patient.D. To provide outdoor camping activities.3．Which festival is Canada’s earliest electronic music festival?A. Quebec City Summer Festival.B. Center of Gravity.C. Future Forest.D. Shambhala Music Festival.BEating a healthy diet is not about strict limitations, staying abnormally thin, or rid yourself of the foods you love. Rather, it’s about feeling great, having more energy, improving your health, and raising your mood. So healthy eating doesn’t mean you have to cook tough food.If you feel confused by all the conflicting nutrition and diet advice out there, you’re not alone. It seems that for every expert who tells you a certain food is good for you, you’ll find another saying exactly the opposite. So think more when facing that. The truth is that while some specific foods or nutrients have been shown to have a beneficial effect on mood, it’s your overall eating pattern that is most important. The cornerstone of a healthy diet should be to replace processed food with real food whenever possible. Eating food that is as close as possible to the way nature made it can make a huge difference to the way you think, look, and feel.While some extreme diets may suggest otherwise, we all need a balance of protein, fat, fiber,from your diet, but rather select the healthiest options from each category. Besides, you should change your dieting habit.Switching to a healthy diet doesn’t have to be an all or nothing proposition. You don’t have to be perfect and you don’t have to change everything all at once. A better approach is to make a few small changes at a time, Think of planning a healthy diet as a number of small, manageable steps-like adding a salad to your diet once a day. As your small changes become habits, you can continue to add more healthy choices.4．Which of the following is a real healthy diet?A. One that helps you stay thin.B. One full of most nutrition.C. One with strict cooking rules.D. One that makes you energetic.5．What should you do when facing the masters’ advice on health?A. Be careful about it.B. Try it with your family.C. Follow it completely.D. See if it satisfies you.6．What does the underlined word “eliminate” in Paragraph 3 mean?A. Pick.B. Benefit.C. Remove.D. Improve.7．What may help you become a healthy eater?A. Trying to seek for perfection.B. Learning from an expert at cooking.C. Changing your eating habit gradually.D. Cooking with only vegetables and fruit.CIt was my first year of teaching. I was young and inexperienced, and had class after class of twenty kids just waiting for me to make a mistake.After a particularly long night of grading papers and thinking about how many weeks I'd left until I could breathe, I had one of those mornings when I began to question my job choice. I'd become a teacher to help kids. Instead, I felt like I couldn't even help myself anymore. It was just Mother's Day, and as I sat at my desk surrounded by lesson plans, I wondered how I'd ever have enough energy to have children of my own.That was when I heard a knock at my door. One of my students came in — the cool basketball-playing country boy who had accidentally broken my favorite snow globe so that I couldn't display nice things in my classroom. He handed me a large flower that probably came from his family's farm. He'd stuck a bird feather in it.''I got you a Mother's Day gift,'' he said in a low voice. Most middle school and high school teachers don't receive presents. Christmas and Teacher Appreciation Day had already come and gone without any gifts. I was so shocked that I just stared.Made nervous by my silence, he said, ''You know…since you're like a mother to us, I thought you should get a present, too.''I smiled and told him he was the sweetest person in the entire world, and that I just loved it. Based on his smile, I knew I'd done enough work of making him feel quite proud of himself. Whatmade that twelve-year-old bring me a homemade present? I'll never know. Once he left the room, I locked the door. And I cried. That moment helped me get through the rest of the school years. 8．What did the author think of her job as a teacher at the beginning?A. Interesting.B. Tiring.C. Rewarding.D. Demanding.9．How did the boy feel when he gave his teacher the present?A. Excited.B. Shocked.C. Unwilling.D. Shy.10．How did the author react when she was given the flower?A. She was moved to tears.B. She didn't accept the present.C. She was too surprised to say anything.D. She stared at the boy in puzzlement.11．Which of the following encourages the author to continue teaching?A. The sincere love from students.B. Her positive attitude to life.C. Her strong interest in teaching.D. The achievements in her work.DWe all love our parents and turn to them when we’re in need, but would you like them to hear the conversations you have with your friends in the school playground or lunch queue? Social networking sites have become virtual extensions of the school hallways, so would you add your parents as “friends” and allow them to view your online activities and conversations with friends?In the past the generation gap included a technology gap, where children were up to date with the latest technology and parents were left behind, content to continue their day-to-day lives as they always had because they had no need to be good at new technology. However, more and more parents are beginning to realize just how important social networks are in their lives. This realization has given many parents the motivation to educate themselves about social networking sites.These days many people are attracted to social networking sites because they can choose who they have around them; there’s also a certain amount of control over privacy that we don’t get in real life. Sometimes we feel that privacy is violated when we must accept a “friend” request from a parent or family member.It’s a difficult choice whether or not to allow a parent to become a part of our online lives. On the one hand we don’t want to “reject” their request because that might hurt their feelings or make them feel you have something to hide. On the other hand if you do accept, then you could have a sense of being watched and no longer feel free to comment or communicate the way you did before.A recent survey suggested that parents shouldn’t take it personally if their child ignores their request: “ When a teen ignores a parent’s friend request, it doesn’t necessarily mean that they are hiding something, but it could mean that this is one part of their life where they want to exert their independence.”Perhaps talking with parents and giving explanations would help soften the blow when you do choose not to add them to your friends list.12．Many parents teach themselves social networks because ________.A. they are not content with their daily lifeB. they regard social networks importantC. they are curious to explore new technologiesD. they want to view their children’s online activities13．What might be the reason for teens to reject their parents’ request?A. They can’t choose friends around them.B. They have nothing to hide.C. They don’t want to teach their parents.D. Their privacy can not be guaranteed if so.14．A recent survey suggested that ________.A. teens value their privacy and independenceB. a teen’s rejection means they have something to hideC. a teen’s rejection means nothing specialD. independence is everything teens desire15．What is most likely to be talked about next?A. How to bridge the generation gap.B. How to make friends on social networks.C. How to explain to parents about the rejection.D. How to use the social networking sites.第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
广东省湛江市岭南师范学院附属中学2024-2025学年高二上学期开学考试英语试题一、阅读理解Welcome to Epcot’s Festival of the ArtsFestival InformationHeld annually at Walt Disney World Resort, Epcot’s Festival of the Arts involves various activities from viewing art exhibits and participating in interactive workshops to enjoying creative and colorful food dishes.Popular EventsTicket PricesStandard date-based tickets are offered, which requires you to choose a start date. Oneticket per day for an adult costs $120 and kids under 12 get per ticket with 20% off. You can save $20 per ticket if you purchase 3-day or longer tickets!1．What is a feature of Epcot’s Festival of the Arts?A．It is 3D-centered.B．It is food-themed.C．It is monthly held.D．It is kid-friendly.2．Where can visitors paint Disney characters under the guidance of an artist?A．International Gateway.B．World Showcase Plaza.C．America Gardens Theatre.D．The Expression Section booth.3．How much do a couple and a kid of seven pay for the one-day tickets?A．$300.B．$336.C．$340.D．$360.I’ve been in an 18-year love-hate relationship with a black walnut tree.It’s a unique tree. In late September or early October, falling fruits as hard as baseballs threaten the skulls (头骨) of you, your children, your neighbors and those that live next door to them. Umbrellas in the yard are a must while dining in early August, and as for me, I wear my bike helm et while working in the garden.The black walnut also releases a chemical substance through its roots as a competitive strategy. It’s poisonous to several common plants. There have been many new plant varieties that I brought home with hopes that maybe the black walnut would accept them, but they failed to grow.What does work are native plants that naturally grow in the area. Native plants are important to have around since they provide beneficial pollinators (传粉者) like birds, bees and butterflies with seeds and contribute to a healthy and biodiverse environment. Native plants for this area are generally easy to grow, so they experience less stress.Have I thought of getting rid of this giant pain in my tiny backyard? Yes, however, getting rid of this tree standing at 50 feet with an 87-inch trunk is next to impossible. It’s also protected under the law. Rightfully so. Trees are important to the urban forest and for all of those that inhabit it.Sometimes I think about my life without the black walnut. I can’t imagine a spring without the birds who arrive every year and loudly sing their songs before dawn. I’d miss falling asleep on lazy weekend afternoons as I look up into its leaves.Every spring, I wonder what the season holds: What are the chances of being knocked unconscious while barbecuing? Like any good relationship, I’ll never be pleased. I’m stuck with this tree, so I’ll listen to its needs and give it the space it requires. In return, my walnut offers a habitat for wildlife and a reminder.4．Why does the author wear a bike helm et while working in the garden?A．To protect the injured skull.B．To avoid being hit by the nuts.C．To prevent herself from sunburn.D．To protect herself from falling over.5．What is the tree’s survival strategy?A．It accepts new plant varieties.B．It attracts beneficial pollinators.C．It lets out a poison to drive away pests.D．It produces a chemical deadly to some plants.6．What is the writer’s attitude towards the walnut tree?A．Pleased.B．Conflicted.C．Curious.D．Disapproving. 7．The author most probably got a reminder from the tree that ______.A．It's better to accept than to resist.B．It's better to act than to thinkC．It's better to compete than to give up.D．It's better to protect than to destroy.In 1998, I headed from a small town in South Wales to Sheffield University. Sheffield, the UK’s fourth biggest city, had it all — clubs, bars, and theaters. It was a huge contrast to my hometown, which hadn’t had a cinema until 1997. Sheffield had various choices — I thought I’d love it. But I missed the Wye Valley occasionally.Over time, I settled. Now I’ve lived in Sheffield longer than in my hometown. Yet no matter how happy I am in my adopted city, there’s always a desire to return to Wales. The simple answer is that the idea of home doesn’t necessarily relate to time spent in a place — instead, it is about a special connection and a feeling of safety.“Homesickness usually comes from being somewhere that doesn’t quite feel like home,” says psychologist Wendy Dignan. “As humans, we create a safe zone (地带). Some people may not be particularly attached (依恋) to a place, so they always feel safe. However, others’ safe zone might be a particular place, a home, or a familiar person, the absence of which may lead to homesıckness.”There are things you can help yourself if you are struggling with homesickness. Dignan suggests going to the same coffee shop or gym at a certain time to build a pattern of familiarity because, it is a useful tool for overcoming homesickness and building that all-important safe zone. When so much in our lives is unpredictable, it is no surprise that we crave safe zone.I’m fortunate to have a loving family, supportive friends, and a comfortable home in Sheffield, but however much I love my life here, there’s an inner part of me that will forever be in Wales.8．Which word can best describe the author’s hometown?A．Underdeveloped.B．Well-designed.C．Well-known.D．Overpopulated.9．What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about?A．The different types of safe zones.B．The cause for people’s homesickness.C．The value of overcoming homesickness.D．Psychological impacts of homesickness.10．What does the underlined word “crave” mean in paragraph 4?A．Improve.B．Oppose.C．Support.D．Desire.11．What can we know from the author’s experience?A．Love often begins in our hometown.B．Homesickness can be easily avoided.C．Hometown means a sense of belonging.D．Never should we leave our hometown.“Woman reading book, under a night sky, dreamy atmosphere,” I type into Deep Dream Generator’s Text 2 Dream feature. In less than a minute, an image is returned to me showing whatI’ve described.Welcome to the world of AI image generation, where you can create what on the surface looks like top-rank artwork using just a few text prompts (提示). But closer examination shows oddities. The face of the woman in my image has very odd features, and appears to be holding multiple books. And, while there’s an initial thrill at seeing an image appear, there’s no creative satisfaction.AI image generation could influence everything from film to graphic novels and more. Children’s illustrators were quick to raise concerns about the technology. They say AI-generated art is the exact opposite of what art is believed to be. Fundamentally, art is all about translating something that you feel internally into something that exists externally. Whatever form it takes, true art is about the creative process much more than it’s about the final piece. And simply pressing a button to generate an image is not a creative process.Beyond creativity, there are deeper issues. To create images from prompts, AI generators rely on databases of already existing art and text. This could lead to the creation of images that are intentionally meant to imitate (模仿) the style of other artists, without their agreement. There is an argument that AI generators work no differently to humans when it comes to being influenced by others’ work. However, a human artist is also adding emotion and slight difference into the mix. AI doesn’t do the same—it can only copy.The increasing use of AI will also lead to a devaluing of the work of artists. There’s already a negative prejudice towards the creative industry. People will begin to think that their “work” is as excellent as that created by someone who has spent a career making art. It’s nonsense, of course. You can use your mobile phone to take a nice picture of your daughter, but you are no match for professionals.12．What does the writer think of his image creation?A．Exciting.B．Concerned.C．Unsatisfying.D．Shocking.13．What do children’s illustrators value most about art?A．The final art work.B．External expressions in art.C．The opposite of reality.D．The journey to creation.14．What is paragraph 4 of the text mainly about?A．The ethical concerns in AI art imitation.B．Human artists’ influence on AI generators.C．The superiority of human artworks.D．The over-reliance of human on technology.15．Which of the following best summarizes the last paragraph?A．Art is the mirror of life.B．Rome is not built in a day.C．No man can do two things at once.D．Don’t judge a book by its cover.Whenever we make a choice, whether it’s as big as getting married or as small as an argument with a friend, we are driven by our values. Values tend to be single-word concepts like freedom, equality, selflessness, honesty. 16 They’re a kind of moral GPS we can use to navigate through life. If you know your values, you have directions that point you toward the people and actions and habits that are best for you.One way to recognize the values by which you live is look at how you spend your money.17 Do you really spend your money wisely? we often have a strange perspective on what’s “worth it”, which doesn’t quite make sense if you reflect on it later.Pay attention to who you talk to, what you watch, and what you do with your time. 18 If you’re just going from one day to the next without questioning your values, you’ll be swayed by what everyone else — from your family to marketing professionals — wants you to think. A thought comes into my mind and I ask myself: Does this fit my chosen values or those that others have selected for me?19 If you’re an overworked parent who wants to make your kids your priority, make friends with other parents who hold the same idea, so you can exchange support and advice.Values make it easier for you to surround yourself with the right people, make tough career choices, use your time more wisely, and focus your attention where it really matters to you.20A．All of these push values and beliefs.B．Is your precious time wasted or well spent?C．Your bills actually reflect what matters most to you.D．That might sound rather abstract, but these values are really practical.E．Who you surround yourself with helps you stick to your values and achieve your goals. F．Without them we are swept away by outside voice instead of following our inner voice. G．When we drive through a new area, we wander aimlessly if we don’t know the directions.二、完形填空“Thank you for your participation. But I’m sorry to tell you that you 21 the interview.” I received the email two weeks after interviewing for a position. When I read it, I felt upset because I’d spent hours making 22 before the interview and in the end, I didn’t even know why I didn’t get through. “How can I 23 my job search approach if I didn’t even know what was wrong?” I thought.The value of feedback (反馈) became obvious after I received another 24 call months later, “ 25 , we decided to offer the job to someone else.” Again I felt 26 . But the conversation wasn’t over. “Would you like to hear the 27 from us?” he asked.Then the representative explained that I hadn’t clearly 28 my motivation (动机) for applying for the position. The feedback was 29 to hear, but I quickly realized he was right. I started to 30 myself. Since my top consideration had been to find a position, I wasn’t very 31 about what I applied for. I pursued any job opportunity as long as it broadly fitted my skills.From then on, I carefully 32 each job and only considered the ones that attracted me most. Soon the approach started to 33 —I got a great offer. Years later, as an interviewer, I treat every interview as an important 34 : interviewees invest (投资) effort and in return, I will give them feedback. It is because without feedback, we are likely to make the same 35 over and over again.21．A．failed B．arranged C．attended D．decreased 22．A．announcements B．remarks C．preparationsD．reservations23．A．adjust B．pioneer C．appoint D．describe 24．A．defense B．invitation C．request D．rejection 25．A．Naturally B．Strangely C．Unfortunately D．Smoothly26．A．disappointed B．nervous C．relieved D．peaceful 27．A．news B．story C．reason D．result 28．A．lacked B．expressed C．understood D．questioned 29．A．tough B．interesting C．promising D．helpful 30．A．care about B．reflect on C．learn from D．depend on 31．A．hopeful B．selective C．angry D．confused 32．A．accepted B．evaluated C．respected D．finished 33．A．develop B．form C．work D．commit 34．A．performance B．reference C．routine D．trade 35．A．excuse B．promise C．comparison D．mistake三、语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填写1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
湖南省长沙市第一中学2024-2025年高二上学期开学考试英语试题一、阅读理解Archaeology campEach summer, the Public Archaeology Facility ’s Community Archaeology Program offers a week - long program focused on archaeology for kids entering Grades 5 and 6. The program is taught by professional archaeologists from Binghamton University. Students will learn about the science of archaeology through hands -on , interactive classroom projects , laboratory tours, outdoor activities, and a visit to a local archaeological site.Our 2023 Research Site is the Whitney Point Bridge site. Broome County, New York. Dates : July 13-17, 2023Time: 8:30 am -4:30 pmTickets: $200 per participant ( a 10% discount before May 15,2023) The session is limited to 16 students to ensure the best educational setting.Participants will spend the first two days of the program learning about ancient cultures, archaeological concepts, and practicing fieldwork techniques, and artifact(人工制品) classification and preservation. Kids will take part in exciting activities in experimental and creative archaeology, including pottery (陶器) construction and a cross - country race.On the third and fourth days, participants will explore local historic sites long - covered by plants. and learn how archaeologists survey sites ‘ using direct mcasurements, digital cameras, careful notes, and hand - held GPS units. This trip will also provide an opportunity to learn more about the environment in which these sites were created.On the last day - the program will travel to a local historically significant archaecological site currently being excavated (挖掘) by the Public Archaeology Facility where students will observe professional excavations, Participants will be able to assist in some of the tasks at the site, including screening (筛查;甄别) for artifacts, note - taking, and site interpretation.1．What do we know about the archaeology camp ?A．It lasts for a whole month.B．Itis limited to a dozen kids.C．It is guided by university experts.D．It is intended for high school students.2．How much should two kids pay if they buy fickets before March 15,2023?A．$200.B．$360C．$380. D．$400.3．What will participants probably do on July 16, 2023?A．Conduct a survey in the field.B．Help reconstruct ancicnt objects.C．Observe professtonal excavations.D．Learn about artifact classification.Whether it be a person, an animal, or even an insect, a mother’s instincts (本能) are never wrong. This idea rings true for a mother cat who acted fast and sought out help when her kittens were in trouble. This mother cat’s quick thinking may have just saved her babies.In the urban district of Izmir in western Turkey, a cat walked into a regular hospital bolding a kitten in her mouth. As the mother cat moved through the hospital, people were surprised to see such a sight, but let her pass. The mother cat asked for help, crying for a long time. She was familiar to the hospital staff, who had been leaving her food and water outside, but they were unaware that she had given birth to kittens.The mother cat was concerned for her young because they weren’t able to open their eyes. After the doctors looked at the kittens, they noticed that they were suffering from eye infections. One of the doctors recalls, “We consulted with vets (兽医) and gave medicine as described. When the kittens opened their eyes a short time later, we were excited.” Later, they were sent to an animal hospital for further care. The cats are now up for adoption and will hopefully find loving forever homes.When it comes to mother cats and kittens, kittens completely depend on mothers for the first few months of their lives. Because they are blind and almost deaf until about two or three weeks old, the mother cat must protect them from any threat or danger. Without the mother cat’s help, the kittens may not make it to adulthood.As shown by the mother cat in Turkey, a mother’s love and protection knows no bounds.Whether the mom is a human or a cat, mothers will always look out for their babies and make sure they are safe and healthy.4．Why did the mother cat show up in the hospital?A．To beg for food.B．To get her babies treated.C．To express thanks.D．To give birth to her babies.5．How did the doctors help the baby cat?A．They built them a home.B．They adopted all of them.C．They operated on them immediately.D．They gave them right medicine.6．What makes newly-born cats dependent on their mothers?A．Their physical state.B．Their eating habit.C．Their appearance.D．Their behavior.7．What can we learn from the story?A．Love makes a difference.B．One good turn deserves another.C．Humans can live peacefully with animals.D．God helps those who help themselves.Most people enjoy variety. We like to eat different foods from meal to meal. We wear different clothes. We like to try new activities and visit new places. We become bored when there is little variety. Nevertheless, there’s one place where we tend to dislike variety, and that’s in each other. We often feel uncomfortable with people who practise different habits, or hold beliefs or values that we do not share.There are reasons for this. When we are exposed to new and different things, our brain works a bit harder than usual. When we’re learning, our nerve cells require more resources, such as water, salt, and various other chemicals. This extra metabolic (新陈代谢的) activity can feel unsettling and unpleasant. And it can feel worse if our nervous system is already under pressure, like in the midst of the pandemic.This sort of variation may be uncomfortable for individuals, but it’s critical to the survival of any species. If all finches (雀科鸣鸟) were identical, for example, and their environment changed in some significant, harmful ways, like an increase in the temperature or a decrease inwater, all of them would be equally affected and the species might become extinct. This insight into variation comes from Charles Darwin, and it’s known as population thinking. Most people associate Darwin with his evolutionary theory of natural selection, but population thinking may be an even greater scientific achievement. The idea of “survival of the fittest” implies that individuals must vary. Some are more suited than others for a given environment, making it easier for them to survive, grow, and reproduce. Variation is therefore a prerequisite for natural selection to work.Dealing with the vast variety of humankind can be demanding and even annoying at times, but it’s a good investment, sort of like exercise for your brain. When you meet someone who looks different or thinks differently from you, treat your discomfort as a cue to be curious and learn instead of a signal of a problem. Don’t hold the view that the other person should be silenced. Ultimately, this mindset can make you more flexible in adapting to challenging situations, and more adaptable to change.8．Which of the following might make people feel uncomfortable?A．Having an adventure in the wild.B．Taking a trip to a foreign country.C．Sharing traveling experiences with others.D．Socializing with people from diverse cultures.9．What does the second paragraph focus on?A．People’s unwillingness to deal with new things.B．The significance of learning new things in our life.C．The biological explanations for people’s discomfort.D．The role of the nervous system in learning new things.10．What does the underlined word “prerequisite” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?A．Requirement.B．Substitute.C．Motivation.D．Challenge. 11．What does the writer mainly want to convey?A．Why we tend to chase and enjoy variation.B．How we can benefit from seeking variation.C．How we should treat the differences we find in others.D．Why we should get along with people different from us.Certain stem cells have a unique ability to move between growth compartments(隔间) in hair follicles(毛囊), but get stuck as people age and so lose their ability to mature and maintain hair color, a new study shows.Led by researchers from NYU Grossman School of Medicine, the new work focused on cells in the skin of mice and also found in humans called melanocyte stem cells, or McSCs. Hair color is controlled by whether nonfunctional but continually multiplying pools of McSCs within hair follicles get the signal to become mature cells that make the protein pigment(色素) responsible for color.The new study showed that McSCs are remarkably plastic. This means that during normal hair growth, such cells continually move back and forth between maturity and immaturity as they move between compartments of the developing hair follicle. It is inside these compartments that McSCs are exposed to different levels of maturity-influencing protein signals.The researchers found that as hair ages, comes off, and then repeatedly grows back, increasing numbers of McSCs get stuck in the stem cell compartment. They remain there, do not mature into the transit-amplifying state, and do not travel back to their original location in the germ compartment, where they regenerate into pigment cells.Specifically, the research team found that McSCs transform between their most primitive stem cell state and the next stage of their maturation, depending on their location.“Our study adds to our basic understanding of how McSCs work to color hair,”said study lead investigator Qi Sun, PhD, a postdoctoral fellow at NYU Langone Health. “The newfound mechanisms raise the possibility that the same fixed-positioning of McSCs may exist in humans. If so, it presents a potential pathway for changing over or preventing the graying of human hair by helping jammed cells to move again between developing hair follicle compartments.”12．What is the function of mature McSCs?A．Receiving maturity signal.B．Making protein pigments.C．Stopping hair from being colored.D．Sending maturity-influencing protein signals. 13．What determines the state of McSCs?A．Their quantity.B．Their growing time.C．Their size.D．Their position.14．What can be concluded from the study?A．Hair will stop growing as it ages.B．Gray hair will no longer mature.C．Stuck McSCs cause hair to turn gray.D．Gray hair can eventually grow normal. 15．What did Qi Sun express in the last paragraph?A．The potential application of the finding.B．The principle behind the result of the study.C．The basic understanding of McSCs.D．The possibility of developing hair follicle compartments.A large part of the world’s total sugar supply comes from beets. Most markets carry this sugar, but it may not always be clearly labeled. You may think the white sugar you just bought is made from sugarcane. 16Beets have been an important crop in human agriculture for centuries, with evidence of their planting dating back to ancient civilizations in Europe. However, it was not until the16th century that beets’ potential as a source of sugar was realized. 17 Later, they slowly spread to America.One key advantage of using beets for sugar is that compared to sugarcane, beets can be planted in cooler regions. 18 Beet sugar is also easier to produce. just requiring very basic processing. So in consideration of the cost-effective characteristics, beets are an attractive alternative to sugarcane.19 The initial step involves washing and cutting up the beets, followed by passing them through a machine that forces hot water past the beet pieces. The resulting juice is then combined with liquids squeezed from the beets. The mixture is then heated, leading to a thick, sweet liquid. Finally, the liquid is further processed to obtain beet sugar, which is chemically nearly identical to sugarcane sugar.The quantities of beet sugar and sugarcane sugar can be used equally in baking recipes.20 While some people are able to tell a difference, many others can’t tell whether a baked treat has been made with beet sugar or sugarcane sugar. So beet sugar sometimes can replace sugarcane sugar in a baking recipe.A．Beets can be easily processed.B．But its source may be actually beets.C．The flavour of baked goods is quite similar.D．Let’s look at how exactly to make beet sugar.E．In most cases, people tend to eat sugarcane sugar.F．Besides, beets are tougher and able to grow on land of poor quality.G．Therefore, beet sugar processing plants began to be built in Europe.二、完形填空Tineke Vanobbergen found herself torn when it was time for her to return to her job. As a new mom, she was anxious about 21 her baby. Although Alix’s dad, Kenny Deuss, would do fine, Tineke wanted 22 : a picture every single day.Kenny sent 23 photos for the first week — Alix sleeping, Alix eating… — and Tineke felt better. But Kenny was bored 24 the same shots over and over. So an idea 25 his mind.The next week, when Tineke opened her lunchtime photo, she got a(n) 26 . The picture was Alix in a 27 position in an astronaut suit with a sign to travel to the moon.“ 28 , I had to ask, ‘Can he sit?’ because he was only three months old,” said Tineke. But she quickly 29 that Kenny used digital editing software to make it look like baby Alix was sitting up all by himself, ready to rocket into space.Tineke then showed it to all her 30 , and the collective admiration that followed generated a regular 31 . So every Tuesday, Kenny would send a new photo 32 Alix in a digitally manipulated (修改过的；处理过的) seemingly worrisome situation.Kenny had lots of fun with the baby while posing him for 33 photos. So did the baby. This 34 dad was correcting the 35 in general — fathers cannot take care of children easily.21．A．giving up B．hearing from C．parting from D．bringing up 22．A．proof B．attention C．help D．advice 23．A．funny B．clear C．quality D．normal 24．A．describing B．texting C．collecting D．repairing 25．A．carried B．clouded C．obeyed D．occupied26．A．surprise B．explanation C．problem.D．award 27．A．standing B．running C．sitting D．lying 28．A．Actively B．Obviously C．Eventually D．Typically 29．A．determined B．ensured C．imagined D．perceived 30．A．relatives B．associates C．clients D．neighbors 31．A．visit B．program C．demand D．meeting 32．A．featuring B．recalling C．reporting D．testing 33．A．novel B．superior C．elegant D．thrilling 34．A．responsible B．curious C．experienced D．creative 35．A．debate B．misbelief C．conflict D．disadvantage三、语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
郸城一高2015级高二开学考试英语试题第Ⅰ卷第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话，选出最佳选项。
1. Who will the woman travel to Spain with?A. LisaB. LilyC. Lydia2. When doesn’t the man have to work?A. In the morningB. In the aft ernoonC. In the evening3. Where does the man’s father want to go?A. ChinaB. FranceC. New Zealand4. How did the man learn about the accident?A. From the newspaperB. From his sisterC. From the television5. What color skirt does the woman want to try on?A. BrownB. BlackC. Yellow第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白，选出最佳选项。
请听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What will the man do for Thanksgiving?A. Visit his famil yB. Stay at homeC. Attend a car show7. How does the man prefer to travel?A. By train or by planeB. By car of by trainC. By plane or by car 请听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What event is being planned?A. A holidayB. A conferenceC. A reception9. What will the woman offer afterwards？A. A heavy lunchB. A food listC. An office room请听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. How many people are there in the woman’s family?A. FourB. FiveC. Six11. Where does the woman’s father work?A. In a hospitalB. In a universityC. In a garden12. What gift will the man get?A. A purseB. A fanC. A doll请听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. When will the last interview finish?A. At about 9:30B. At about 10:00C. At about 10:3014. With whom will the man have lunch on Tuesday?A. A friendB. A teacherC. A couple15. What activity is fixed for Wednesday after-noon?A. Meeting the lawyerB. Visiting the City LibraryC. Answering Maria Rosa’s questions16. When is Mr. Dennis expected to come?A. On Wednesday morningB. On Tuesday morningC. On Monday afternoon请听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What does the speaker’s dad like to do?A. Cook and eatB. Watch TV and go outC. Do sports and have sweets18. When did the speaker’s mom break her leg?A. While joggingB. While playing tennisC. While playing volleyball19. What does the speaker’s sister do?A. A bank clerkB. A studentC. A doctor20. Why does the speaker think his aunt is strange?A. She always takes an umbrella with herB. She has begun to learn to danceC. She likes purple very much第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
AA few years ago, a company called Space Marketing came up with a plan to send a mile–longadvertisement into space. To advertising agencies (机构), it would have been “a dream come true”.However, advertising standards agencies finally decided not to allow Space Marketing to go ahead with their plans and they were forced to give them up.Space may indeed be the final place for advertisers, because on Earth we are already surrounded by advertising wherever we are and whatever we are doing. Apart from the obvious adverts that we see every day on TV, and in newspapers and magazines, there is a whole ‘other world’ of advertising messages for our attention .There are ads that we see on the side of the bus we catch to work, for example. And what about the logos (商标) we see on the clothing of the people we walk past in the streets?Most of the time, we are probably not even aware of (意识到的) these less obvious advertising methods, but that doesn’t mean that they don’t work. Take ‘product placement’, for example. You are in a cinema, watching the latest Hollywood movie. Look carefully at the make of car your favorite actor is driving. And what about his watch? Can you see what brand it is? Chances are, you can, and the company that owns the brand is likely to have paid thousands for it to appear in the film.So, whether Space Marketing finally succeeds in sending ads into space or not is perhaps less important than it might seem. This would not change a thing. Our everyday lives are already strongly influenced by advertising whether we realize it or not.21. What happened to the plan of sending an ad into space?A. It came to nothing.B. It was a dream come true.C. It had to wait a few years before it was carried out.D. It was supported by the advertising standards agencies.22. How does the author explain the “other world” of advertising messages?A. By showing research findingsB. By explaining research findingsC. By giving instructionsD. By using examples23. As a form of advertising , product placement .A. costs a littleB. doesn’t workC. is less obvious than TV adsD. mainly appears in Hollywood movies24. What does the author suggest at the end of the text？A. We live in a world of advertising.B. We’ve changed a lot because of advertising.C. Space Marketing leads in the advertising industry.D. Space ads will mark the beginning of a new world.BReading can be a social activity. Think of the people who belong to book groups. They choose books to read and then meet to discuss them. Now, the website turns the page on the traditional idea of a book group.Members go on the site and register the books they own and would like to share. BookCrossing provides an identification number to stick inside the book. Then the person leaves it in a public place, hoping that the book will have an adventure, traveling far and wide with each new reader who finds it.Bruce Pederson, the managing director of BookCrossing, says, “The two things that change your life are the people you meet and books you read. BookCrossing combines both.”Members leave books on park benches and buses, in train stations and coffee shops. Whoever finds their book will go to the site and record where they found it.People who find a book can also leave a journal entry describing what they thought of it. E-mails are then sent to the BookCrossing to keep them updated about where their books have been found. Bruce Pederson says the idea is for people not to be selfish by keeping a book to gather dust on a shelf at home.BookCrossing is part of a trend among people who want to get back to the “real” and not the virtual(虚拟). The site now has more than one million members in more than one hundred thirty-five countries.25. Why does the author mention book groups in the first paragraph?A. To explain what they are.B. To introduce BookCrossing.C. To stress the importance of reading.D. To encourage readers to share their ideas.26. What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refer to?A. The book.B. An adventure.C.A public place.D. The identification number.27. What will a BookCrosser do with a book after reading it?A. Meet other readers to discuss it.B. Keep it safe in his bookcase.C. Pass it on to another reader.D. Mail it back to its owner.28. What is the best title for the text?A. Online Reading: A Virtual TourB. Electronic Books: A new TrendC. A Book Group Brings Tradition BackD. A Website Links People through BooksCWhen the Apollo astronauts(宇航员) landed on the Moon in 1969, millions of people were rather sad. The person to blame for this was an artist named Chesley Bonestell. For many years, Bonestell had been creating beautifully detailed paintings of the Moon and planets. Viewers of his artwork were unhappy because the real Moon did not look like Bonestell’s pictures of it.As a space artist, Bonestell tried to make his drawings look exciting and as true as the Moon is. He worked closely with astronomers and scientists to get the most up-to-date scientific information available. But in the 1940s and 1950s, no one had ever seen another planet up close. Yet Bonestell’s paintings looked so real that some people thought they were photographs.Even though Bonestell was interested in astronomy, he did not start out as a space artist. As a young man he studied architecture — the art and science of designing and making buildings. In 1938 Bonestell became a special effects artist in Holly wood. It was here that he learned he could improve his paintings b y following the methods used in the movies.In 1944, a popular magazine published a series of Bonestell’s paintings of the planet Saturn. He drew Saturn as if it were seen by someone standing on each of the planet’s moons.The results were dazzling. Within a few years, Bo nestell’s artwork was appearing regularly in magazines and books on astronomy and space flight.Many of Bonestell’s artworks had been right all along. But the biggest surprise was the Moon. Someone asked Bonestell what he was thinking when he saw the first pictures from the Moon. “I thought how wrong I was!” he said. “My mountains were sharp (陡峭的), and they aren’t on the Moon.”But he shouldn’t have felt bad. No space artist had ever before taken so many people to so many faraway worlds. In the years just before the first manned space flights, Bonestell’s artwork prepared people for the amazing space adventure to come.29. Bonestell made his space drawings .A. from a very early ageB. by copying photographsC. with the help of scientistsD. in order to make a living30. The underlined word “dazzling” in Paragraph 4 can best be replaced by “”.A. doubtfulB. wond erfulC. terribleD. worrying31. Bonestell’s success lay in the fact that .A. he created a new drawing skillB. he helped finish the first space flightC. he made space travel more popularD. He helped bring space closer to people32. What would be the best title for the text?A. The space art of C hesley BonestellB. The first men on the MoonC. The journeys of the Apollo astronautsD. Spacewalking: through an astronaut’s eyesDThe Brown BearMy wife Laura and I were on the beach, with three of our children, taking pictures of shore birds near our home in Alaska when we spotted a bear. The bear was thin and small, moving aimlessly.Just a few minutes later, I heard my daughter shouting, “Dad! The be ar is right behind us!” An ag gressive bear will usually rush forward to frighten away its enemy but wouldsuddenly stop at the last minute. This one was silent and its ears pinned back---- the sign of an animal that is going in for the kill. And it was a cold April day. The bear behaved abnormally, probably because of hunger.I held my camera tripod (三脚架) in both hands to form a barrier as the bear rushed into me. Its huge head was level with my chest and shoulders, and the tripod stuck across its mouth. It bit down and I found myself supporting its weight. I knew I would not be able to hold it for long.Even so, this was a fight I had to win: I was all that stood between the bear and my family, who would stand little chance of running faster than a brown bear.The bear hit at the camera, cutting it off the tripod. I raised my left arm to protect my face; the beast held tightly on the tripod and pressed it into my side. My arm could not move, and I sensed that my bones were going to break.Drawing back my free hand, I struck the bear as hard as I could for five to six times. The bear opened its mouth and I grasped its fur, trying to push it away. I was actually wrestling (扭打) with the bear at this point. Then, as suddenly as it had begun, the fight ended. The bear moved back toward the forest, before returning for another attack----- The first time I felt panic.Apparently satisfied that we caused no further threat, the bear moved off, destroying a fence as it went. My arm was injured, but the outcome for us could hardly have been better. I’m proud that my family reminded clear-headed when panic could have led to a very different outcome.33. The brown bear approached the family in order to _______.A. catch shore birdsB. start an attackC. protect the childrenD. set up a barrier for itself34. The bear finally went away after it _______.A. felt safeB. got injuredC. found some foodD. took away the camera35. The writer and his family survived mainly due to their ______ .A. prideB. patienceC. calmnessD. cautiousness第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
