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34．（7分）一学生做了这样一个实验：将小球藻放在一只玻璃容器内，使之处于气密封状态。
实验在保持适宜温度的暗室中进行，并从第5分钟起给予光照。
实验中仪器记录了该容器内氧气量的变化，结果如右图。
请据图分析回答：（1）在0～5分钟之间氧气量减少的原因是。
（2）给予光照后氧气量马上增加的原因是。
（3）在5～20分钟之间，氧气量增加的速率逐渐减小，这是因为。
（4）加入少量的NaHCO3溶液后，氧气产生量呈直线上升，这是因为。
（5）加入NaHCO3溶液后，平均每分钟产生摩尔的氧气。
红细胞数（个/ L）血红蛋白（g / L）白细胞数（个/ L）嗜中性白细胞（%）血小板数（个/ L）血糖（mmol / L）血型5×1012 130 12×109 75 200×109 3.6 O（1）该生的血液检验报告中，数据偏高的项目是。
（2）该生血糖浓度为3.6mmol / L，这时人体可能出现的即时生理调节反应是。
（3）若该生的父亲是A型血，则其母亲血型不可能为。
（4）当人体急性发炎时，嗜中性白细胞数目将，这种白细胞具有的功能。
（5）人的红细胞能运输氧气，红细胞自身所需的能量主要是利用通过呼吸所产生的。
36．（共8分）下图为脊髓反射模式图，请回答：（1）对反射弧结构的下列叙述，错误的是：（）A ①代表传出神经B ②代表神经中枢的突触C M代表效应器D S代表感受器（2）在反射弧中，决定神经冲动单向传导的原因是（）A 冲动在S中单向传导B 冲动在②中单向传导C 冲动在③中单向传导D 冲动在①中单向传导（3）在③中与兴奋传导有关的化学递质是。
（4）假设M是一块肌肉，现切断a处。
分别用阈值以上的电流刺激Ⅱ、Ⅲ两处，则发生的情况是：刺激Ⅱ处，肌肉；刺激Ⅲ处，肌肉。
（5）在离肌肉5毫米的Ⅰ处给予电刺激，肌肉在3.5毫秒后开始收缩，在离肌肉50毫米的Ⅱ处给予电刺激，肌肉在5.0毫秒后开始收缩。
神经冲动在神经纤维上的传导速度为：毫米/毫秒。
2019高考英语（西安）阅读理解（2）及解析或解析（11月）阅读理解、专题训练(**)、议论文的阅读(3)阅读以下文章，按要求完成读写任务Healthy knees aren't the main consideration in choosing high heels，but new research says chunky heels are just as bad for the knees as spindly stilettos(细高跟鞋)、“It takes a long time to feel the effects of knee osteoarthritis (骨关节炎)—and once you do it，it is too late，” said Dr.Casey Kerrigan，leading researcher of the study and associate professor at Harvard Medical School's department of physical medicine.“I compare it to smoking—one cigarette is not painful，but over a lifetime it is.Wide heeled shoes feel comfortable，so women wear them all day long，” Kerrigan said.“They are better for your feet than stiletto heels，but just as bad for your knees.”In the study，researchers had twenty women wear two pairs of shoes with threeinch heels，one with a narrow heel and the other with a thick one.The scientists compared how much pressure was put on the women's knees by both types of shoes.The women also walked barefoot to test normal pressure.The scientists found withwalkingbarefoot，theheelsincreasedpressureontheinsideofthekneeby26percent.Increasedpre ssureonthekneeeventuallyleadstoarthritis，expertssay.Theideathathighheelsarebadforyourhealthisn'tnewscientistshavewarnedwomenforyearsthattheycontributetoproblemsrangingf romcornstohammertoes，tendonitis，kneepain，sprained(扭伤)anklesandbackproblems.Butin1998，KerriganandateamofHarvardresearcherswerethefirsttolinkhighheelsandkne eosteoarthritis，apainfuljointdiseasethatdestroyscartilage(软骨)surroundingtheknee.Thefirststudylookedonlyatstilettoheels，andKerrigansaidshewantedtostudythechunkyhighheeledshoesshenoticedmanywomenwearing.“Thisstudyconfirmswhatweallintuitively(直觉地)knowthathighheeledshoesofanykindarenotgoodforourhealth，”saidDr.GlemPfeffer，aSanFranciscodoctorandmemberoftheAmericanAcademyofOrthopaedicSurgeons whowasnotconnectedtothestudy.Ⅰ.根据短文，写一篇30词左右的摘要____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Ⅱ.根据所读短文，选择最正确选项1、Welearnfromthepassagethatwomenchoosechunkyheelsbecause________.A、theywanttowalkcomfortablyB、chunkyheeledshoesarecheaperthanstilettoheeledpairsC、chunkyheelsdolessharmtokneesD、chunkyheelsarenotpainfulatall2、Thestudymentionedinthesecondparagraphfoundthat________.A、pressureonthefootiscausedbyhighheelsB、thepressureisabnormalwhilewalkingbarefootC、arthritisisalwayscausedbypressureonthekneesD、bothtypesofshoeshavethesameharmtotheknees3、Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat________.A、peoplegottoknowthehighheelsarebadforhealthrecentlyB、peoplehaveknownthehighheelsarebadforhealthforyearsC、peoplehaven'tknownthehighheelsarebadforhealthyetD、peoplewillbewarnedthatthehighheelsarebadforhealthsoon4、Kerrigan'slatestudylookedatthechunkyhighheeledshoesbecause________.A、theyfeelmorecomfortableB、theyarerelatedtokneeosteoarthritisC、theyarewornbymanywomenD、theyaredifferentfromstilettoheels5、Thebesttitleforthepassagemaybe________.A、TalkingHealthyKneesintoConsiderationB、HighheelsDoHarmtoKneesC、ChunkyHeelsandStilettoHeelsD、WhenWearingHighheels参考答案【三】ⅠThepassagediscussestheideathathighheelshavebadeffectsonthekneesby surveyingandshowingsomefactsandthereasonsforit，sowhenchoosinghighheelsweshouldconsiderourhealthyknees.Ⅱ1、解析：细节理解题。
2019⾼考英语（西安）阅读理解（1）及解析或解析（11⽉）2019⾼考英语（西安）阅读理解（1）及解析或解析（11⽉）阅读理解、专题训练(**)、如何做好推理判断题(3)◆⽅法点拨做推理判断题时注重从推出未知，但在推理过程中千万不要主观臆断，掺杂⾃⼰的观点。
◆活学活⽤根据所学技巧，完成以下读写任务Theautomobilehasmanyadvantages.Aboveall，itofferspeoplefreedomtogowhereverandwhenevertheywanttogo.ThebasicpurposeofamotorvehicleistogetfrompointAtopointBascheaply，quickly，andsafelyaspossible.However，tomostpeople，carsarealsopersonalfantasymachinesthatserveassymbolsofpower，success，speed，excitemen Inaddition，muchoftheworld'seconomyisbuiltonproducingmotorvehiclesandsupplyingroa ds，services，andrepairsforthosevehicles.Halfoftheworld'spaychecksareautorelated.IntheUnitedStates，oneofeverysixdollarsspentandoneofeverysixnon-farmjobsareconnectedtotheautomobileorrelatedindustries，suchasoil，steel，rubber，plastics，automobileservices，andhighwayconstruction.Inspiteoftheiradvantages，motorvehicleshavemanyharmfuleffectsonhumanlivesandonair，water，land，andwildliferesources.Theautomobilemaybethemostdestructivemachineeverinvented.Thoughwetendtodenyit，ridingincarsisoneofthemostdangerousthingswedoinourdailylives.Since1885，whenKarlBenzbuiltthefirstautomobile，almost18millionpeoplehavebeenkilledbymotorvehicles.Everyyear，carsandtrucksworldwidekillanaverageof250,000people－asmanyaswerekilledintheatomicbombattacksonHiroshimaandNagasaki－andinjureorpermanentlydisabletenmillionmore.Halfoftheworld'speoplewil lbeinvolvedinanautoaccidentatsometimeduringtheirlives.Sincetheautomobilewasintroduced，almostthreemillionAmericanshavebeenkilledonthehighways－abouttwicethenumberofAmericanskilledonthebattlefieldinallU、S.wars.Inadditiontothetragiclossoflife，theseaccidentscostAmericansocietyabout$60billionannuallyinlostincomea ndininsurance(保险)，administrative(⾏政的)，andlegalexpenses. Streetsthatusedtobeforpeoplearenowforcars.Pedestriansandpeoplerid ingbicyclesinthestreetsaresubjectedtonoise，pollution，stress，anddanger. Motorvehiclesarethelargestsourceofairpollution，producingahazeofsmogovertheworld'scities.IntheUnitedStates，theyproduceatleast50%ofthecountry'sairpollution.Ⅰ.根据短⽂，写⼀篇30～50词左右的摘要_________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ _______Ⅱ.根据所读短⽂，选出最正确答案1、Carsrepresentpeople's________.A、occupationB、identityC、lifestyleD、fame2、Accordingtothepassage，theaveragenumberofpeoplekilledannuallyintrafficaccidentsaroundtheworl dis__________________________________________________________________ ______.A、18millionB、250,000C、halfoftheworld'spopulationD、60million3、Aseriousenvironmentalproblemresultingfromautomobilesis________.A、tragiclossoflifeB、trafficjamsC、airpollutionD、mentalstress4、Itcanbeinferredfromthispassagethatautomobiles________________________ ________________________________________________.A、areanimportantpartoftheworld'seconomyB、arebecominglessdangerousC、willproducelessairpollutioninthefutureD、arekillingmorepeopleinrecentyearsthaninthepast5、Thetitlethatsuitsthepassagebestis________.A、AutomobileandEconomyB、AutomobileandtheEnvironmentC、TheProblemswiththeAutomobileD、AdvantagesandDisadvantagesoftheAutomobile参考答案ⅠAutomobileshavebothadvantagesanddisadvantages.Theycangetpeopleanywhereandbringthemgoodfeelings，aswellasjobopportunities.Butinthemeantime，theykillandinjurepeople，costalotofmoneyandpollutetheearthweliveon.Ⅱ1～5：BBCAD***********************************************结束社会⽣活类---〔⼀〕[2018·宁夏六校联考]In1986，whenCarloPetrinifirstcoinedtheterm“SlowFood，”heorganizedlocallyinhisnativeItalytopreservethefoodandwinecultureandp rotestfastfood.Today,slowfoodhasspreadto132countrieswithover85,000members,addres singworldwideissueslikefarmerequityandenvironmental_stewardship—theactionspeopletaketorespecttherightsofalllivingthingsandallenvironm ents,tocontributetohealthyandlivablecommunities.CharacterizedbySlowFoodInternationalas“good,clean,andfairfood，”slowfoodmustenrichtheeaters'life，havenonegativeimpactonhumanorenvironmentalhealth，andcompensatefairlyforfoodproducers'work. TheaverageAmericanmealtravelsabout1,500milestoitsfinaldestination ,withproducingoffoodtravelingbyplanefromoverseasandotheritemsshippeda crossthecountry.However，costforfoodtravelandheavyprocessingarenottheonlyproblemsinthefoodindu strythattheenvironmentfaces.Industrialagriculturealsohasunsustainable practiceslikeinefficientwateruseanddecreasedbiodiversity.Ourideasinfe edingourselvesareexceptional,butatvariouspointsourtechnologiescomeintoconflictwithnature'swaysofdoingthings.Agreatmanyofthehealthandenviro nmentalproblemscreatedbyourfoodsystemowetoourattemptstooversimplifynaturescomplexities,atboththegrowingandtheeatingendsofourfoodchain.“Slowing”food,bypurchasinglocallyandsustainably,allowsconsumerstoreducetheimpa ctof“foodmiles”anddevelopacloserrelationshipwiththeirfoodproducers.“Weneedtochangeourfoodsystem，”saidDavidPrior,organizerofSlowFoodNationEat-In.“Ourcurrentfoodsystemissickandweneedtosupportfarmersandagricultureto ensurethateveryonehastherighttonutritiousfood.”36、Themainideaofthepassagecanbesummarizedas________.A、whyslowfoodissoimportantB、thefoodandwinecultureisrichinItalyC、whatyou'reeatingalwaystravelsalongwayD、slowfoodmakesthecurrentfoodsystemsick37、Accordingtothesecondparagraph,“environmentalstewardship”refersto________.A、measuresofenvironmentalprotectionsB、waystoestablishhealthyandlivablecommunitiesC、people'sadmirationforallthecreaturesontheearthD、actionstoprotecttherightsofalllivingthingsandenvironment38、Slowfood'scharacteristicdoesn'tliein________.A、improvingthequalityofeaters'lifeB、providingafairpayforfoodworkersC、beingfriendlytohumanandenvironmentalhealthD、developingalooserelationshipwithfoodproducers39、WhatisDavidPrior'sattitudetowardscurrentfoodsystem?A、Suspicious.B、Unsatisfied.C、Indifferent.D、Supportive.【要点综述】本⽂的作者告诉我们，如果想吃得更健康、更营养，那就提倡“慢⾷物”吧！36、A主旨⼤意题。
绝密★启用前2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（陕西卷）英 语注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
写在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。
录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
转涂到答题卡上。
第一节第一节 （共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）分）听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A 、B 、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt? A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15. 答案是C 。
1. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In a library. B. In a bookstore. C. In a classroom. 2. How does the woman feel now? A. Relaxed. B. Excited. C. Tired. 3. How much will the man pay? A. $520. B. $80. C. $100. 4. What does the man tell Jane to do? A. Postpone his appointment. B . Meet Mr. Douglas. B. Meet Mr. Douglas. C. Return a t 3 o’clock.at 3 o’clock. 5. Why would David quit his job? A. To go back to school. B. To start his own firm. C. To work for his friend. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）分）听下面5段对话或独白。
（节假日活动）李仕才Valentine's Day导读：瓦伦丁节，即情人节，是一个浪漫的节日。
本文介绍了瓦伦丁节的来历及习俗。
Every February 14, across the United States and in other places around the world, candy, flowers and gifts are exchanged between loved ones, all in the name of St. Valentine. But who is this mysterious saint, and where did these traditions come from?The history of Valentine's Day is shrouded in mystery. But we do know that February has long been a month of romance. St. Valentine's Day, as we know it today, contains vestiges of both Christian and ancient Roman tradition.One legend contends that Valentine was a priest who served during the third century in Rome. When Emperor Claudius II decided that single men made better soldiers than those with wives and families, he outlawed marriage for young men. Valentine, realizing the injustice of the decree, defied Claudius and continued to perform marriages for young lovers ①in secret. ②When Valentine's actions were discovered, Claudius ordered that he be put to death.According to another legend, Valentine actually sent the first "valentine" greeting himself. While in prison, it is believed that Valentine ③fell in love with a young girl — his jailor's daughter — who visited him during his confinement. Before his death, it is alleged that he wrote her a letter, which he signed "From your Valentine," an expression that is still ④in use today. Although the truth behind the Valentine legends is murky, the stories certainly emphasize his appeal as a sympathetic, heroic, and, most importantly, romantic figure.Valentine's Day is not a public holiday. Government offices, stores, schools and other organizations are open as usual. Public transit systems run on their regular schedule. Restaurants may be busier than usual as many people go out for an evening with their spouse or partner. Valentine's Day is also a very popular date for weddings.The most common Valentine's Day symbols are the heart, particularly in reds and pinks, and picturesor models of Cupid. Cupid is usually portrayed as a small winged figure with a bow and arrow. In mythology, he uses his arrow to strike the hearts of people. People who have fallen in love are sometimes said to be struck by Cupid's arrow.瓦伦丁节每年2月14日，在美国，以及世界各地的一些地方，相爱的人互赠糖果、鲜花和礼物，这一切都是以圣瓦伦丁的名义。
绝密★启用前2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（全国卷 II ）英语注意事项：1 .答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2 .回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动，用橡 皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3 .考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。
录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节 （共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A 、B 、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听完每段对话后，你都有 10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
例： How much is the shirt?A. 19.15.答案是Co1. Where does the conversation probably take place?A. In a library.B. In a bookstore.2. How does the woman feel now?A. Relaxed.B. Excited.3. How much will the man pay?A. $520.B. $80.4. What does the man tell Jane to do?A. Postpone his appointment.B. Meet Mr. Douglas.5. Why would David quit his job?第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的B. 9.18.C.鸵15.C. In a classroom.C. Tired.C. $100.C. Return at 3 o ' clock.A. To go back to school.B. To start his own firm.C. To work for his friend.A 、B 、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。
西安市 2019 高考英语短文改错、阅读理解训练（ 3）及答案(201* ·北部分重点联考河)Dear Anish ，Here are the information about Manchester University. 1.________It is about 200 miles far away from London， and it 2.________has a very big schoolyard. You can live in the school 3.________[ 根源 :学 & 科 &网 ][ 根源 :]or near the school. They have all sorts of course. 4.________I'm sure you will find one you like it. I know you 5.________are particular interested in human rights. So I will 6.________see that there is anything on their website( 网址 ).7.________[ 根源 :Z&xx&] I'll send my friend Charlie meet you at the airport8. ________when you arrived. You met him a few years ago ， but he9.________has changed a lot since then. Both your aunt or I look10.________forward to seeing you again.See you soon.Peter答案与分析：1． are → is information 是不行数名词，谓语动词应使用单数形式。
2019年陕西省高考英语试题与答案（满分150分，考试时间120分钟）注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。
录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?A. £19.15.B. £9.18.C. £9.15.答案是C。
1. Where does the conversation probably take place?A. In a library.B. In a bookstore.C. In a classroom.2. How does the woman feel now?A. Relaxed.B. Excited.C. Tired.3. How much will the man pay?A. $520.B. $80.C. $100.4. What does the man tell Jane to do?A. Postpone his appointment.B. Meet Mr. Douglas.C. Return at 3 o’clock.5. Why would David quit his job?A. To go back to school.B. To start his own firm.C. To work for his friend.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。
2019高考英语（西安）阅读理解（3）及解析或解析（11月）阅读理解、专题训练()、如何推断文章出处(4)◆技巧点拨推断文章出处题型的设题方式：1、Thepassageismostlikelytobetakenfrom________.2、Wherewouldthispassagemostprobablyappear?3、Thepassageismostlikelytobepartof________.如何解题？一般可从文章的内容和结构来判断文章的出处。
1、报纸：前面有日期、地点或通讯社名称。
2、科学杂志：一般涉及科学发现、科学研究等方面的最新成就。
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◆活学活用阅读以下短文，按要求完成读写任务U、S.airlinesareseeingamajorinterruptionbecauseofhundredsofflightscancel edduetotheashcloudfromtheIcelandicvolcano，butEuropeanflightcompanieswillfacethebiggestlosses.Theairlinebusinesshasbeentough：Thedeclinedramaticallyslowedtraffic；FebruaryheavysnowforcedU、S.airlinestocancelthousandsofflights；andnowtheashesfromthevolcanostoppedalltrafficinandoutofnorthernEurope fordays.“ForU、S.flightcompanies，it'llbearelativelyshorttermhit，”saidMichaelBoyd，presidentofBoydGroupInternational，anaviation(航空学)consultingfirm.“Wethinkrightnowthey'redownabout$80millionintermsoflostincome，andthey'redowndomesticallyabout80,000passengersthatwouldhavebeenflyin gdomesticallybutaren'tbecausetheycan'tgethere.”Deltaannouncedthatvolcanorelatedinterruptiongroundedabout400flightsuntilMondayatacostof$20mill ioninlostrevenues(收入)、Butbycomparison，theairlinecanceled7,000flightsandlost$65millioninrevenueduetotherecen tsnowstorms.Thedisruptionhascreateduncertaintyforcustomers，butanalystssayU、S.airlineswon'tfaceasmanycostsasyoumightthink.Theyarenotflyinginextra planestohandlethepassengersintroublebecausecompaniessimplydon'thaveth em.“Airlinesrunaveryleanoperationnow，”Mannsaid.“So，sincetherearenospareaircraftorcrews，theairlineswillattempttomaximizeloadsoneveryoneoftheiraircraftthatdof ly.Butitmaytakedays，orinsomecasesaweekorso，togetsomeofthesecustomerstowheretheywanttogo.”Ⅰ.以约30词概括文章大意______________________________________________________Ⅱ.根据短文内容选择最正确答案1、Whichnegativeconsequencesmentionedinthepassagedidthedisasterscause?A、coldness，pollutionandairlines'lossesB、airportdamage，pollutionandslowtrafficC、passengerdelay，coldnessandairportdamageD、passengerdelay，airlines'lossesandslowtraffic2、Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothepassage?A、Thefewestairplaneswillflythetrappedpassengerstotheirdestinations.B、Allthecustomersaresuretobesenttotheirdestinationsintime.C、TheU、S.andU、K.airlinessufferedthesamelossesinthenaturaldisasters.D、ThevolcanoeruptionreducedthetraffictoandfromnorthernEurope.3、Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytellus?A、thetroublesthattheairlineswillfaceaftertheashclouddisappears.B、themeasuresthattheairlineswilltaketomaximizetheirprofit.C、thepresentsituationoftheairlinesandtheirplantodeliverthepassengers.D、thereasonswhytheairlinesrunafineoperation.4、Whywillittakealongtimeforairlinestosendthepassengerstotheirdifferentd estinations?A、Becausethepassengersenjoystayinginairportstotalkwithoneanother.B、Becausetheairlinesdon'thavespareplanesoremployeestoserve.C、Becausetheairlinesdon'thaveenoughfinancialsupportafterthedisaster.D、Becausethepassengersareaskingforfullrefundfromtheairlines.5、Thepassageismostprobablyfrom________.A、anovelB、anewsreportC、amagazineD、athesis参考答案ⅠThetexttellsusabouttheseriouseffectoftheashcloudfromtheIcelandicv olcanoonairlinebusinessandhowflightcompanieswillhandletheproblemscaus edbythedisaster.(31words)Ⅱ1、解析：文中没有提到污染、机场损毁等问题，只讲了航班延误、乘客滞留、运营缓慢、航空公司受损，所以D为正确答案。
2019年高考试题——英语（陕西卷）（解析版）注意事项：认真阅读理解，结合历年的真题，总结经验，查找不足！重在审题，多思考，多理解！无论是单选、多选还是论述题，最重要的就是看清题意。
在论述题中，问题大多具有委婉性，尤其是历年真题部分，在给考生较大发挥空间的同时也大大增加了考试难度。
考生要认真阅读题目中提供的有限材料，明确考察要点，最大限度的挖掘材料中的有效信息，建议考生答题时用笔将重点勾画出来，方便反复细读。
只有经过仔细推敲，揣摩命题老师的意图，积极联想知识点，分析答题角度，才能够将考点锁定，明确题意。
2017年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(陕西卷)英语详细解析版第一部分英语知识运用(共四节,总分值55分)第一节语音知识(共5小题,每题1分,总分值5分)从每题的A、B、C、D四个选项中,找出所给单词的正确读音,并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑.1.taste (A)A./terst/B./t st/C.D./ta:st/2. touch ( C)A. B. C. D.3. rely ( D)A. B. C. D.4. loss (B)A. B. C. D.5. agriculrure (A)A. B. C. D.第二节情景对话(共5小题,每题1分,总分值5分)根据对话情景和内容,从对话后所给的选项中选出能填入每一空白处的最正确选项,并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑.选项中有两个为多余选项Jerry: Hi , Mike. Look like you’ve got some sun .Mike: I guess so. I spent the weekend on the beach.Jerry: Really? That sounds exciting. __6__ ( C )Mike:At my friend’s house .He invited me to stay there for as long as I wanted .Jerry: __7__ (G )Mike: Oh, I have a paper to work on.Jerry: _8__ I mean besides lying out in the sun. ( E )Mike: I play some volleyball . I never realized how hard it is to run on sand.Jerry: _9__ Did you go swimming? ( B )Mike: I intended to . __10__So I just went fishing. ( F )Jerry: All sounds so relaxing.A. What a pity!B.It must be cool.C.Where did you st ay ?D. But how did you get there ?E.So what else did you do out there ?F.But the water wasn’t warm enoughG..Then why not stay there for a longer time?第三节语法和词汇知识(共15小题,每题1分,总分值15分)从每题的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最正确选项,并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑.11.The old temple _______ roof was damaged in storm is now under repair.( D )A. whereB. whichC. itsD. whose12. The cost of renting a house in central Xi’an is higher than ____ inany other area of the city.A.thatB. thisC. itD. one (A )13. –What’s the noise ? It sounds as if it comes from upstairs.--______ .It must be the window-cleaner working , next door. (D)A.I’m not sureB. I hope notC.I’d rather notD. I don’t thinkso14. You look well . The air and the sea foods in Sanya must _____ you ,I suppose. (A )A.agree withB.agree toC. agree onD. agree about15.If we ___ the other road ,we might have arrived here in time for themeeting. (B)A.takeB.had takenC.tookD. have taken16._____ from the top of the tower ,the south foot of the mountain is asea of trees . (A )A.SeenB.SeeingC.Have seenD. To see17.John opened the door . There _____ he had never seen before. (D)A.a girl did standB. a girl stoodC.did a girl standD. stooda girl18.It never occurred to me _____ you could succeed in persuading him tochange his mind. (D)A.whichB.whatC.thatD. if19. His first book next month is based on a true story.(B)A. publishedB. to be publishedC. to publishD. beingpublished20. John thinks it won’t be long he is ready for his new job.(C)A. whenB. afterC. beforeD. since21. I have to see the doctor because I a lot lately.(A)A. have been coughingB. had coughedC. coughedD. cough22. Studies show that people are more to suffer from back problems if theyalways sit before computer screens for long hours.(A)A. likelyB. possibleC. probableD. sure23. May I take this book out of the reading room?No,you . You read it in here.(D)A. mightn’tB. won’tC. need’tD. mustn’t24. It is reported that many a new house at present in the disater area.(D)A. are being builtB. were being builtC. was being builtD. is beingbuilt25. What a fine day! Shall we go picnicking?. But we need to be home before six o’clock for the football match..(C)A. Have a nice time.B. Pardon meC. That’s greatD. You are right第四节完形填空〔共20小题，每题1.5分，总分值30分〕I used to live selfishly, I should admit. But one moment changed me.I was on my lunch break and had 26 the office to ger something to eat . Onthe way, I 27 aBusker(街头艺人)，with a hat in front of him. I had some 28 in my pocker, but I wouldnot give them to him, thinking to myself he would 29 use the money to feed hisaddiction to drugs or alcohol. He 30 like that type-young and ragged. 31 what wasI going to spend the money on ? Only to feed my addiction to Coca-Cola or chocolate!I then 32 I had no right to place myself above 33 just because he was busking.I 34 and dropped all the coins into his 35, and he smiled at me, I watchedfor a while. As 36 as it sounds, I expected something more to come from that moment—a feeling of 37 or satifaction, for example. But nothing happened 38 , I walkedoff. “It proved to be a waste of 39 ,”I thought.On my way home at the end of the 40, I saw the busker again and he was 41 .I watched him pick up the hat and walk 42 a cafe counter. There he poured the 43contents into a tin collecting 44 an earthquake fund-raising(募捐) event. He wasbusking for charity(慈善)！Now I donate any 45 I have to charity tins and enjoy the feeling of giving.26. A. left B. cleaned C. prepared D.searched(A)27. A. led B. chose C. saw D. fooled(C)28. A. chocolates B. coins C. tins D. drugs(B)29. A. almost B. only C. rather D. still(B)30. A. acted B. looked C. sounded D.smelt(B)31. A. Though B. For C. Therefor D. But(D)32. A. declared B. realized C. expected D. guessed(B)33. A. it B. all C. him D. them(C)34. A. waited B. followed C. stopped D. arrived(C)35. A. rag B. hat C. pocket D. counter(B)36. A. selfish B. awkward C. innocent D. special(A)37. A. happeiness B. sadness C. love D. hate(A)38. A. Disappointedly B. Unfortunately C. Coincidentally D. Comfortably(A)39. A. words B. effort C. space D. money(D)40. A. moment B. day C. break D. event(B)41. A. walking around B. passing by C. packing up D. running off(C)42. A. around B. in C. behind D. to(D)43.A. chief B. basic C. actual D. total 【D】44.A.by B. for C. on D. with 【B】45.A.work B. time C. energy D.change【D】第二部分阅读理解〔共两节，总分值40分〕第一节〔共15小题，每题2分，总分值30分〕阅读以下四篇短文，从每题后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最正确选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。
西安市2014高考英语阅读理解训练（18）及答案阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
【黑龙江省哈三中2014高考英语试题】A“Cleverness is a gift while kindness is a choice. Gifts are easy –they’re given after all. Choices can be hard.” –– Jeff BezosI got the idea to start Amazon 16 years ago. I came across the fact that the Internet usage was growing at 2,300 percent per year. I’d never seen or heard of anything that grew that fast, and the idea of building an online bookstore with millions of titles was very exciting to me. I had ju st turned 30 years old, and I’d been married for a year. I told my wife MacKenzie that I wanted to quit my job and go to do this crazy thing that probably wouldn’t work since most start-ups don’t, and I wasn’t sure what to expect. MacKenzie told me I shoul d go for it. As a young boy, I’d been a garage inventor. I’d always wanted to be an inventor, and she wanted me to follow my passion.I was working at a financial firm in New York City with a bunch of very smart people, and I had a brilliant boss that I much admired. I went to my boss and told him I wanted to start a company selling books on the Internet. He took me on a long walk in Central Park, listened carefully to me, and finally said, “That sounds like a really good idea, but it would be an even bette r idea for someone who didn’t already have a good job.” That logic made some sense to me, and he convinced me to think about it for 48 hours before making a final decision. Seen in that light, it really was a difficult choice, but ultimately (最后), I decided I had to give it a shot.I didn’t think I’d regret trying and failing. And I suspected I would always be haunted by a decision to not try at all.After much consideration, I took the less safe path to follow my passion, and I’m proud of that choice. For all of us, in the end, we are our choices.21. What inspired the author with the idea of building an online bookstore?A. His dream of being an inventor.B. The support of his wife.C. The greatly increasing usage of the Internet.D. Millions of exciting titles.22. Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined sentence?.A. The idea of not trying would keep coming to his mind and disturb him.B. He would be very excited if he tried it out.C. He would be always having a doubt if he didn’t try.D. The decision to not try the online bookstore would terrify him.23. We can know from the passage that _______.A. the boss thought the idea was suitable for the authorB. the author wanted someone else to try the ideaC. the author might not regret if he failed the ideaD. the author might go back to his boss if he failed24. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?A. Cleverness and KindnessB. The Starting of AmazonC. Following My PassionD. We Are What We Choose【参考答案】21—24 CACD较难题目特训：介绍说明类Stress caused by social situations, such as giving a speech or going to a job interview, can affect some people’s immune system in ways that harm their health, researchers have found.The study included 124 volunteers who were purposely put into embarrassed social situations. Those who showed greater neural (神经) sensitivity to social rejection also had greater increases in inflammatory (炎症) activity when exposed to social stress.“It turns ou t there are important differences in how people explain and respond to social situations,” lead author George Slavich, at the Cousins Center forPsychoneuroimmunology at the University of California, Los Angeles, said in a UCLA news release.“For example,” he explained, “we sometimes see giving a speech in front of an audience as a welcomed challenge; other times, it’s threatening and sad. In this study, we sought to examine the neural bases for these differences in response and to understand how these differences relate to biological processes that can affect human health and well-being.”The findings provide “further evidence of how closely our mind and body are connected. We have known for a long time that social stress can get under the skin to increase risk for disease, but it’s been unclear exactly how these effects occur. As we know, this study is the first to identify the neurocognitive (神经认知) pathways that might be involved in inflammatory responses to sharp social stress,” Slavich said.Increases in inflammatory activity are part of the immune system’s natural response to potentially harmful situations, but “frequent or chronic (慢性的) activation of the system may increase the risk for a variety of illnesses,” Slavich added.The study was released online Aug. 2 in advance of publication in an upcoming print issue of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.1. Where do you first find the study?A. A magazine.B. A website.C. A literature.D. An advertisement.2. Judging from volunteers, might be more likely to have inflammation.A. those who were more sensitive to social rejectionB. those who were purposely put into societyC. those who gave a speech before audienceD. those who suffered frequent or chronic illness3. The author qu otes examples of the fourth paragraph mainly to .A. show further evidence of how closely our mind and body are connectedB. prove important differences in how people explain and respond to social situationsC. explain volunteers are sensitive to social rejection when exposed to social stressD. make clear that how stress caused by social situations breaks down immune system4. We can infer that if there is inflammatory response in people’s immune system.A. chronic illness will be caused by the repeated stressB. doctors can identify the neurocognitive pathwaysC. people may avoid being affected by sharp social stressD. risk of getting various diseases will be reduced【参考答案】15. BABA较难题目特训：介绍说明类People can write many things about this life. In this case, precious moments become the compositions of history. What about you? People should learn from each other, thus they need to read the latest news. It is really interesting to spend your spare time and start your day in the morning. How can you get the information? You will never run out of choices, since there are many different resources to read out there. You can say hello to the world by clicking the mouse on your computer and you can also read the daily newspaper in your patio (庭院).However, Internet offers fast and effective solutions for the readers. Reading the news on the Internet is just a simple task to do. If you are a mobile person, it is impossible for you to bring the computer and mouse. So, several digital devices are accessible to meet your needs of latest information. You have iPad, smart phone and some other possible solutions. They are your best friends to gain the information about every single thing which has happened in certain part of the world.Now, it’s time to fin d the most reliable source. You can easily find the amount of websites on the Internet. They offer news and information about many different things, but only few of them will answer your questions. The reliable and accurate sources will let you read and think further about certain news and information. Definitely, you should find the site with various popular categories of news. There should be some categories such as business, sports and technology. Where should you go now?You will find the answer at News Daily Spot and get the complete information about other issues. For you who love to know more about celebrity and biography, feel free to read the biography (传记) of several celebrities, such as Kourtney Kardashian. Read the news and see the face of the world today.1. What is the main idea of the passage?A. Many ways exist for us to know about the world.B. Newspaper plays an important part in our daily life.C. The Internet shortens the distance between people.D. The Internet helps people get more information about the world.2. You are always on business, so .A. it is convenient for you to carry a desktop computerB. you’d better carry several digital devicesC. an iPad will benefit you a lotD. you only read newspapers every day3. Why does the author say “it’s time to find the most reliable source”?A. You must find the reliable and accurate information.B. You can get all answers to any questions.C. Various websites will offer the same things.D. You should use your head to think over after reading.4. The purpose of the author is .A. to get us to know more about the usage of InternetB. to advertise for News Daily SpotC. to draw attention to News Daily SpotD. to introduce more famous people5. Why does the author mention Kourtney Kardashian?A. To stress he is the most famous in the world.B. To introduce the all-sidedness of the website.C. To give answers to the questions above.D. To show off the celebrities of the world.【参考答案】16.DCDCB【黑龙江省哈三中2014高考英语试题】BTwo new studies suggest that modern running shoes could increase the risk of injuries to runners.One study involved sixty-eight healthy young women and men who ran at least twenty-four kilometers a week. The runners were observed on a treadmill machine (跑步机). Sometimes they wore running shoes. Other times they ran barefoot (赤脚).Researchers from the JKM Technologies company in Virginia, the University of Virginia and the University of Colorado did the study.They found that running shoes create more stress that could damage knees, hips and ankle joints than running barefoot. They observed that the effect was even greater than the effect reported earlier for walking in high heels.The study appeared in the official scientific journal of The American Academy of Physical Medicine.The other study appeared in the journal Nature. It compared runners in the United States and Kenya. The researchers were from Harvard University in Massachusetts, Moi University in Kenya and the University of Glasgow in Scotland.They divided the runners into three groups. One group had always run shoeless. Another group had always run with shoes. And the third group had changed to shoeless running.Runners who wear shoes usually come down heel first. That puts great force on the back of the foot. But the study found that barefoot runners generally land on the front or middle of their foot. That way they ease into their landing and avoid striking their heel.Harvard’s Daniel Lieberman led the study. He says the way most running shoes are designed may explain why those who wear them land on their heels. The heel of the shoe is bigger and heavier than other parts of the shoe, so it would seem more likely to come down first. Also, the heel generally has thick material under it to soften landings.But the researchers do not suggest that runners immediately start running barefoot. They say it takes some training. And there can be risks, like running when your feet are too cold to feel if you get injured.The study was partly supported by Vibram, which makes a kind of footwear that it says is like running barefoot. The findings have gotten a lot of attention. But the researchers say there are many problems in the way the press has reported in their paper. So they have tried to explain their findings on a Harvard Website.25. What’s the main idea of the passage?A. Walking in high heels could cause less serious effects than running barefoot.B. Two new discoveries encourage people to run in high heels.C. Running in shoes is partly good to runners.D. Two new studies prove running without shoes is beneficial to runners in most cases.26. Which part of our body could be injured if we run in running shoes?A. Toes.B. Hips.C. Feet.D. Legs.27. What can we learn from the passage?A. The way that we run by landing on the front or middle of our foot could avoiddamaging our heel.B. We should start running barefoot in no time.C. Running in modern running shoes could cause more serious effects than runningin high heels.D. We won’t be injured if we run barefoot.28. What is the writer’s attitude towards the use of the modern running shoes?A. Persuasive.B. Negative.C. Objective.D. Supportive.【参考答案】25—28 DBAC。
