Tenses

Tense英语时态Table of English Tensestense Affirmative/Negative/Question Use Signal Words Simple Present A: He speaks.N: He does not speak.Q: Does he speak?action in the presenttaking place once, never orseveral timesfactsactions taking place oneafter anotheraction set by a timetableor schedulealways,every …, never,normally, often,seldom,sometimes,usuallyif sentencestype I (IfI talk, …)Present Progressive A: He is speaking.N: He is not speaking.Q: Is he speaking?action taking place inthe moment of speakingaction taking place onlyfor a limited period of timeaction arranged for thefutureat the moment,just, just now,Listen!, Look!,now, right nowSimple Past A: He spoke.N: He did not speak.Q: Did he speak? ?action in the past taking place once, never or severaltimesactions taking place oneafter anotheraction taking place in themiddle of another actionyesterday, 2minutes ago, in1990, the otherday, last Fridayif sentence typeII (If I talked, …)Past Progressive A: He was speaking. N: He was not speaking.Q: Was he speaking?action going on at acertain time in the pastactions taking place atthe same timeaction in the past that isinterrupted by another actionwhen, while, aslong asPresent Perfect Simple A: He has spoken. N: He has not spoken.Q: Has he spoken?putting emphasis onthe resultaction that is still going onaction that stoppedrecentlyalready, ever,just, never, notyet, so far, tillnow, up to nowfinished action that has an influence on the present action that has taken place once, never or several times before the moment ofspeakingPresent Perfect Progressive A: He has been speaking.N: He has not been speaking.Q: Has he been speaking?putting emphasis onthe course or duration(not theresult)action that recentlystopped or is still going onfinished action thatinfluenced the presentall day, for 4years, since1993, howlong?, thewhole weekPast Perfect Simple A: He had spoken.N: He had not spoken.Q: Had he spoken?action taking place beforea certain time in the pastsometimesinterchangeable with pastperfect progressiveputting emphasis only onthe fact (not the duration)already, just,never, not yet,once, until thatdayif sentence typeIII (If I hadtalked, …)Past Perfect Progressive A: He had been speaking. N: He had not been speaking.Q: Had he been speaking?action taking place beforea certain time in the pastsometimesinterchangeable with pastperfect simpleputting emphasis onthe duration or course of anactionfor, since, thewhole day, alldayFuture I Simple A: He will speak.N: He will not speak.Q: Will he speak?action in the future thatcannot be influencedspontaneous decisionassumption with regard tothe futurein a year,next …,tomorrowIf-Satz Typ I (Ifyou ask her,she willhelp you.)assumption: Ithink, probably,perhapsFuture I A: He is going to speak. ?decision made for the in one year, Simple (going to) N: He is not going to speak.Q: Is he going to speak?futureconclusion with regard tothe futurenext week,tomorrowFuture I Progressive A: He will be speaking.N: He will not be speaking.Q: Will he be speaking?action that is going on ata certain time in the futureaction that is sure tohappen in the near futurein one year,next week,tomorrowFuture II Simple A: He will have spoken.N: He will not have spoken.Q: Will he have spoken?action that willbe finished at a certain time inthe futureby Monday, in aweekFuture II Progressive A: He will have been speaking.N: He will not have beenspeaking.Q: Will he have been speaking?action taking place beforea certain time in the futureputting emphasis onthe course of an actionfor …, the lastcouple ofhours, all daylongConditional I Simple A: He would speak.N: He would not speak.Q: Would he speak?action that might takeplaceif sentencestype II(If I were you,I wouldgo home.)Conditional I Progressive A: He would be speaking. N: He would not be speaking.Q: Would he be speaking?action that might takeplaceputting emphasis onthe course / duration of theactionConditional II Simple A: He would have spoken. N: He would not have spoken.Q: Would he have spoken?action that might havetaken place in the pastif sentencestype III(If I had seenthat, I wouldhave helped.)Conditional II Progressive A: He would have been speaking.N: He would not have beenspeaking.Q: Would he have beenspeaking?action that might havetaken place in the pastputs emphasis onthe course / duration of theactionLegendmoment in time ?action that takes place once, never or several times ?actions that happen one after anotheractions that suddenly take placeperiod of time ?action that started before a certain moment and lasts beyond that momentactions taking place at the same timeResult ?action taking place before a certain moment in time ?puts emphasis on the resultCourse / Duration ?action taking place before a certain moment in time ?puts emphasis on the course or duration of the actionEnglish Tenses – ExamplesExplanation Past Present FutureSimple Past Simple Present Future I Simpleaction that takes place once, never or several times He played footballevery Tuesday.He plays footballevery Tuesday.He will / is going toplay football everyTuesday.actions that happen one after another He played footballand then he wenthome.He plays footballand then he goeshome.He will play footballand then he will gohome.state He loved football. He loves football. He will love football.Past Progressive PresentProgressiveFuture I Progressiveaction going on at that moment He was playingfootball.He is playingfootball.He will be playingfootball.actions taking place at the same time He was playingfootball and she waswatching.He is playingfootball and she iswatching.He will be playingfootball and she willbe watching.Past Perfect Present Perfect Future II SimpleSimple Simpleaction taking place before a certain moment in time; emphasises the result He had won fivematches until thatday.He has won fivematches so far.He will have won fivematches by then.Past PerfectProgressivePresent PerfectProgressiveFuture IIProgressiveaction taking place before a certain moment in time (and beyond), emphasises the duration He had been playing football forten years.He has beenplaying football forten years.He will have been playing football forten years.table of English tenses diagram of English tenses。

1.一般现在时the present tense2.一般过去时the past tense3.一般将来时the future tense4.一般过去将来时the past future tense5.现在进行时the present continuous tense6.过去进行时the past Continuous Tense7.将来进行时the future continuous tense8.过去将来进行时the past future continuous tense9.现在完成时the Present Perfect Tense10.过去完成时the Past Perfect Tense11.将来完成时the future perfect tense12.过去将来完成时the past future perfect tense13.现在完成进行时the present perfect continuous tense14.过去完成进行时the past perfect continuous tense15.将来完成进行时the future perfect continuous tense16.过去将来完成进行时the past future perfect continuous tense一般过去时Alex studied English yesterday. 艾历克斯昨天学过英语.过去进行时Alex was studying English at this time yesterday.艾历克斯昨天这时正在学英语.过去完成时Alex had studied English for one year by the end of last month.到上月底, 艾历克斯已经学习了一年英语.过去完成进行时Alex had been studying English by end of last month.到上月底, 艾历克斯一直在学英语.一般现在时Alex studies English everyday. 艾历克斯每天学英语.现在进行时Alex is studying English now.艾历克斯现在正在学习英语.现在完成时Alex has studied English for one year. 艾历克斯已经学了一年英语. 现在完成进行时Alex has been studying English all the morning.艾历克斯一上午一直在学习英语.一般将来时Alex will study English tomorrow. 艾历克斯明天要学英语.将来进行时Alex will be studying English at this time tomorrow.艾历克斯明天这时正在学英语.将来完成时Alex will have studied English for two years by the end of nextmonth.到下月底, 艾历克斯学习英语将两年了.将来完成进行时Alex will have been studying English for two years by the end of this year.到今年底, 艾历克斯已经连续学了两年英语.过去将来时At that time I knew that Alex would study English.那时我知道艾历克斯将要去学英语.过去将来时进行Yesterday he told me that Alex would be studying English this morning.昨天他告诉我艾历克斯今天早晨要学英语.过去将来完成时She told me yesterday that Alex would have studied English for three months by the end of this year.她昨天告诉我, 到这周末, 艾历克斯学英语将满分个月.过去将来完成进行时He said that Alex would have been studying English for four years by the end of next year.他说到明年底, 艾历克斯学习英语将满4年.英语16种时态定义及例句精讲1.一般过去时：表示过去某一时间里发生的动作或状态。

英语最基本十二种时态配例句详解Tense and aspect, although they are two different categories, always appear together. There are six tenses and two aspects in English. With reference to tense and aspect, we can speak about the following structures in practical usage. All English Tenses with Examples!时态和体虽然是两个不同的范畴，但总是同时出现的。

英语有六个时态和两个方面。

关于时态和体，我们可以在实际使用中谈一下以下结构。

全英语时态举例。

(Note: progressive aspect is often called continuous.)(注：进行体通常称为连续体。

)NO. 1、present simple一般现在时Tenses: Present Simple (present tense + common aspect)时态：现在简单(现在时态+共同体)Affirmative肯定句Affirmative: Subject + Base Form of the Verb肯定句：主语+动词的基本形式*note: for 3rd Person Singular (he/ she/ it) add ‘s’ to the base form*注：对于第三人称单数(he/she/it)，在基表中添加“s”I/ You/ We/ They work in a bank.我/你/我们/他们在银行工作。

He/ She works in a bank.他/她在银行工作。

Negative否定句Negative: Subject + don’t/ doesn’t + Base Form of the Verb动词：主语+don’t/ doesn’t +动词的基本形式I/ You/ We/ They don’t (do not) work.我/你/我们/他们不工作。

时态与语态知识点总结时态和语态是我们在学习英语过程中经常遇到的两个概念。

掌握时态和语态的正确使用对于准确表达思想、避免误解是非常重要的。

本文将对时态和语态的基本知识点进行总结，以帮助读者更好地掌握这两个概念。

一、时态（Tenses）时态指的是动词在时间上的形式表达。

英语中共有12个时态，包括简单现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时、一般过去时、过去进行时、过去完成时、一般将来时、将来进行时、将来完成时、过去将来时、过去将来完成时和过去完成进行时。

1. 简单现在时（Simple Present Tense）：表示现在的状态、习惯、常规或普遍真理。

例如：I work in a company.2. 现在进行时（Present Continuous Tense）：表示现在正在发生的动作。

例如：She is reading a book.3. 现在完成时（Present Perfect Tense）：表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响。

例如：I have finished my homework.4. 一般过去时（Simple Past Tense）：表示过去某个时间发生的动作。

例如：He went to the store yesterday.5. 过去进行时（Past Continuous Tense）：表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作。

例如：They were playing basketball when it started raining.6. 过去完成时（Past Perfect Tense）：表示过去某个时间之前已经发生的动作。

例如：We had already eaten dinner when she arrived.7. 一般将来时（Simple Future Tense）：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态。

例如：I will call you later.8. 将来进行时（Future Continuous Tense）：表示将来某一时刻正在进行的动作。

The present tensesMain points* There are four present tenses - present simple (`I walk'), present continuous (`I am walking'), present perfect (`I have walked'), and present perfect continuous (`I have been walking').* All the present tenses are used to refer to a time which includes the present.* Present tenses can also be used for predictions made in the present about future events.1 There are four tenses which begin with a verb in the present tense. They are the present simple, the present continuous, the present perfect, and the present perfect continuous. These are the present tenses.2 The present simple and the present continuous are used with reference to present time. If you are talking about the general present, or about a regular or habitual action, you use the present simple.George lives in Birmingham.They often phone my mother in London.If you are talking about something in the present situation, you use the present continuous.He's playing tennis at the University.I'm cooking the dinner.The present continuous is often used to refer to a temporary situation.She's living in a flat at present.3 You use the present perfect or the present perfect continuous when you are concerned with the present effects of something which happened at a time in the past, or which started in the past but is still continuing.Have you seen the film at the Odeon?We've been waiting here since before two o'clock.4 If you are talking about something which is scheduled or timetabled to happen in the future, you can use the present simple tense.The next train leaves at two fifteen in the morning.It's Tuesday tomorrow.5 If you are talking about something which has been arranged for the future, you can use the present continuous.When you use the present continuous like this, there is nearly always a time adverbial like `tomorrow', `next week', or `later' in the clause.We're going on holiday with my parents this year.The Browns are having a party next week.6 It is only in the main clauses that the choice of tense can be related to a particular time.In subordinate clauses, for example in `if'- clauses, time clauses, and defining relative clauses, present tenses often refer to a future time in relation to the time in the main clause.You can go at five if you have finished.Let's have a drink before we start.We'll save some food for anyone who arrives late.7 The present simple tense normally has no auxiliary verb, but questions and negative sentences are formed with the auxiliary `do'.Do you live round here?Does your husband do most of the cooking?They don't often phone during the week.She doesn't like being late if she can help it.The past tensesMain points* There are four past tenses - past simple (`I walked'), past continuous (`I was walking'), past perfect (`I had walked'), and past perfect continuous (`I had been walking').* All the past tenses are used to refer to past time.* The past tenses are often used as polite forms.*The past tenses have special meanings in conditional clauses and when referring to imaginary situations.1 There are four tenses which begin with a verb in the past tense. They are the past simple, the past continuous, the past perfect, and the past perfect continuous. These are the past tenses. They are used to refer to past time, and also to refer to imaginary situations, and to express politeness.2 The past simple and the past continuous are used with reference to past time. You use the past simple for events which happened in the past.I woke up early and got out of bed.If you are talking about the general past, or about regular or habitual actions in the past, you also use the past simple.She lived just outside London.We often saw his dog sitting outside his house.If you are talking about something which continued to happen before and after a particular time in the past, you use the past continuous.They were sitting in the kitchen, when they heard the explosion.Jack arrived while the children were having their bath.The past continuous is often used to refer to a temporary situation.He was working at home at the time.Bill was using my office until I came back from America.3 You use the past perfect and past perfect continuous tenses when you are talking about the past and you are concerned with something which happened at an earlier time, or which had started at an earlier time but was still continuing.I had heard it was a good film so we decided to go and see it.It was getting late. I had been waiting there since two o'clock.4 You sometimes use a past tense rather than a present tense when you want to be more polite. For example, in the following pairs of sentences, the second one is more polite.Do you want to see me now?Did you want to see me now?I wonder if you can help me.I was wondering if you could help me.5 The past tenses have special meanings in conditional clauses and when referring to hypothetical and imaginary situations, for example after `I wish' or `What if...?'. You usethe past simple and past continuous for something that you think is unlikely to happen.If they saw the mess, they would be very angry.We would tell you if we were selling the house.You use the past perfect and past perfect continuous when you are talking about something which could have happened in the past, but which did not actually happen.If I had known that you were coming, I would have told Jim.They wouldn't have gone to bed if they had been expecting you to arrive.The continuous tensesMain points* Continuous tenses describe actions which continue to happen before and after a particular time.* Continuous tenses can also indicate duration and change.1 You use a continuous tense to indicate that an action continues to happen before and after a particular time, without stopping. You use the present continuous for actions which continue to happen before and after the moment of speaking.I'm looking at the photographs my brother sent me.They're having a meeting.2 When you are talking about two actions in the present tense, you use the present continuous for an action that continues to happen before and after another action that interrupts it. You use the present simple for the other action.The phone always rings when I'm having a bath.Friends always talk to me when I'm trying to study.3 When you are talking about the past, you use the past continuous for actions that continued to happen before and after another action, or before and after a particular time. This is often called the `interrupted past'. You use the past simple for the other action.He was watching television when the doorbell rang.It was 6 o'clock. The train was nearing London.WARNING: If two things happened one after another, you use two verbs in the past simple tense.As soon as he saw me, he waved.4 You can use continuous forms with modals in all their usual meanings.See Units 79 to 91 for more information on modals.What could he be thinking of?They might be telling lies.5 You use continuous tenses to express duration, when you want to emphasize how long something has been happening or will happen for.We had been living in Athens for five years.They'll be staying with us for a couple of weeks.He has been building up the business all his life.By 1992, he will have been working for ten years.Note that you do not have to use continuous tenses for duration.We had lived in Africa for five years.He worked for us for ten years.6 You use continuous tenses to describe a state or situation that is temporary.I'm living in London at the moment.He'll be working nights next week.She's spending the summer in Europe.7 You use continuous tenses to show that something is changing, developing, or progressing.Her English was improving.The children are growing up quickly.The video industry has been developing rapidly.8 As a general rule, verbs which refer to actions that require a deliberate effort can be used in continuous tenses, verbs which refer to actions that do not require a deliberate effort are not used in continuous tenses.I think it's going to rain. (`think' = `believe'. Believing does not require deliberate effort)Please be quiet. I'm thinking . (`think' = `try to solve a problem'. Trying to solve a problem does require deliberate effort)However, many verbs are not normally used in the continuous tenses. These include verbs that refer to thinking, liking and disliking, appearance, possession, and perception.The perfect tensesMain points* You use the present perfect (`I have walked') to relate the past to the present.* You use the past perfect (`I had walked') to talk about a situation that occurred before a particular time in the past.1 You use the present perfect tense when you are concerned with the present effects of something which happened at an indefinite time in the past.I'm afraid I've forgotten my book.Have you heard from Jill recently?Sometimes, the present effects are important because they are very recent.Karen has just passed her exams.You also use the present perfect when you are thinking of a time which started in the past and is still continuing.Have you really lived here for ten years?He has worked here since 1987.You also use the present perfect in time clauses, when you are talking about something which will be done at some time in the future.Tell me when you have finished.I'll write to you as soon as I have heard from Jenny.2 When you want to emphasize the fact that a recent event continued to happen for some time, you use the present perfect continuous.She's been crying.I've been working hard all day.3 You use the past perfect tense when you are looking back from a point in past time, and you are concerned with the effects of something which happened at an earlier time in the past.I apologized because I had forgotten my book.He felt much happier once he had found a new job.They would have come if we had invited them.You also use the past perfect when you are thinking of a time which had started earlier in the past but was still continuing.I was about twenty. I had been studying French for a couple of years.He hated games and had always managed to avoid children's parties.4 You use the future perfect tense when you are looking back from a point in the future and you are talking about something which will have happened at a time between now and that future point.In another two years, you will have left school.Take these tablets, and in twenty-four hours the pain will have gone.You also use the future perfect when you are looking back from the present and guessingthat an action will be finished.I'm sure they will have arrived home by now.It's too late to ring Don. He will have left the house by now.5 You can also use other modals with `have', when you are looking back from a point in time at something which you think may have happened at an earlier time.I might have finished work by then.He should have arrived in Paris by the time we phone.Talking about the presentMain points* For the general present, general truths, and habitual actions, you use the present simple (`I walk').* For something which is happening now, or for temporary situations, you use the present continuous (`I am walking').1 If you are talking about the present in general, you normally use the present simple tense. You use the present simple for talking about the general present including the present moment.My dad works in Saudi Arabia.He lives in the French Alps near the Swiss border.2 If you are talking about general truths, you use the present simple.Water boils at 100 degrees centigrade.Love makes the world go round.The bus takes longer than the train.3 If you are talking about regular or habitual actions, you use the present simple.Do you eat meat?I get up early and eat my breakfast in bed.I pay the milkman on Fridays.4 If you are talking about something which is regarded as temporary, you use the present continuous.Do you know if she's still playing tennis these days?I'm working as a British Council officer.5 If you are talking about something which is happening now, you normally use the present continuous tense.We're having a meeting. Come and join in.Wait a moment. I'm listening to the news.6 There are a number of verbs which are used in the present simple tense even when you are talking about the present moment. These verbs are not normally used in the present continuous or the other continuous tenses. These verbs usually refer to:thinking:believe forget imagine know realize recognize suppose think understand want wish liking and disliking:admire dislike hate like love preferappearance:appear look like resemble seempossession:belong to contain have include own possessperception:hear see smell tastebeing:be consist of existI believe he was not to blame.She hates going to parties.Our neighbours have two cars.Note that you normally use verbs of perception with the modal `can', rather than using the present simple tense.I can smell gas.Some other common verbs are not normally used in the present continuous or the other continuous tenses.concern, deserve, fit, interest, involve, matter, mean, satisfy, surpriseWhat do you mean?WARNING: Some of the verbs listed above can be used in continuous tenses in other meanings. For example, `have' referring to possession is not used in continuous tenses. You do not say `I am having a car'. But note the following examples.We're having a party tomorrow.He's having problems with his car.She's having a shower.Talking about the pastMain points* For actions, situations, or regular events in the past, you use the past simple (`I walked'). For regular events in the past, you can also use `would' or `used to'.* For events that happened before and after a time in the past, and for temporary situations, you use the past continuous (`I was walking').* For present effects of past situations, you use the present perfect (`I have walked'), and for past effects of earlier events you use the past perfect (`I had walked').* For future in the past, you use `would', `was/were going to', or the past continuous (`I was walking').1 When you want to talk about an event that occurred at a particular time in the past, you use the past simple.The Prime Minister flew into New York yesterday.The new term started last week.You also use the past simple to talk about a situation that existed over a period of time in the past.We spent most of our time at home last winter.They earned their money quickly that year.2 When you want to talk about something which took place regularly in the past, you use the past simple.They went for picnics most weekends.We usually spent the winter at Aunt Meg's house.WARNING: The past simple always refers to a time in the past. A time reference is necessary to say what time in the past you are referring to. The time reference can be established in an earlier sentence or by another speaker, but it must be established.When you want to talk about something which occurred regularly in the past, you can use `would' or `used to' instead of the past simple.We would normally spend the winter in Miami.People used to believe that the world was flat.WARNING: You do not normally use `would' with this meaning with verbs which are not used in the continuous tenses.3 When you want to talk about something which continued to happen before and after a given time in the past, you use the past continuous.I hurt myself when I was mending my bike.It was midnight. She was driving home.You also use the past continuous to talk about a temporary state of affairs in the past.Our team were losing 2-1 at the time.We were staying with friends in Italy.For more information on continuous tenses, see Unit 60.4 When you are concerned with the present effects or future effects of something whichhappened at an indefinite time in the past, you use the present perfect.I'm afraid I've forgotten my book, so I don't know.Have you heard from Jill recently? How is she?You also use the present perfect when you are thinking of a time which started in the past and still continues.Have you ever stolen anything? (= at any time up to the present)He has been here since six o'clock. (= and he is still here)5 When you are looking back from a point in past time, and you are concerned with the effects of something which happened at an earlier time in the past, you use the past perfect.I apologized because I had left my wallet at home.They would have come if we had invited them.6 When you want to talk about the future from a point of view in past time, you can use `would', `was / were going to', or the past continuous.He thought to himself how wonderful it would taste.Her daughter was going to do the cooking.Mike was taking his test the week after.`Will' and `going to'Main points*When you are making predictions about the future or talking about future intentions, you can use either `will' (`I will walk') or `going to' (`I am going to walk').* For promises and offers relating to the future, you use `will' (`I will walk').*For future events based on arrangements, you use the future continuous (`I will be walking').* For events that will happen before a time in the future, you use the future perfect (`I will have walked').1 You cannot talk about the future with as much certainty as you can about the present or the past. You are usually talking about what you think might happen or what you intend to happen. This is why you often use modals. Although most modals can be used with future reference, you most often use the modal `will' to talk about the future.Nancy will arrange it.When will I see them?2 When you are making predictions about the future that are based on general beliefs, opinions, or attitudes, you use `will'.The weather tomorrow will be warm and sunny.I'm sure you will enjoy your visit to the zoo.This use of `will' is common in sentences with conditional clauses.You'll be late, if you don't hurry.When you are using facts or events in the present situation as evidence for a prediction, you can use `going to'.It's going to rain . (I can see black clouds)I'm going to be late. (I have missed my train)3 When you are saying what someone has decided to do, you use `going to'.They're going to have a party.I'm going to stay at home today.WARNING: You do not normally use `going to' with the verb `go'. You usually just say `I'm going' rather than `I'm going to go'.`What are you going to do this weekend?' - `I'm going to the cinema.'When you are announcing a decision you have just made or are about to make, you use `will'.I'm tired. I think I'll go to bed.4 In promises and offers relating to the future, you often use `will' with the meaning `be willing to'.I'll do what I can.I'll help with the washing-up.Note that you can use `will' with this meaning in an `if'-clause.I'll put you through, if you'll hang on for a minute. (= if you are willing to hang on for a minute) WARNING: Remember that you do not normally use `will' in `if'-clauses.If you do that, you will be wasting your time.The children will call out if they think he is wrong.5 When you want to say that something will happen because arrangements have been made, you use the future continuous tense.I'll be seeing them when I've finished with you.I'll be waiting for you outside.She'll be appearing at the Royal Festival Hall.6 When you want to talk about something that has not happened yet but will happen before a particular time in the future, you use the future perfect tense.By the time we phone he'll already have started.By 2010, he will have worked for twelve years.Present tenses for futureMain points* When you are talking about the future in relation to official timetables or the calendar, you use the present simple (`I walk').* When talking about people's plans and arrangements for the future, you use the present continuous (`I am walking').* In `if'-clauses, time clauses, and defining relative clauses, you can use the present simple (`I walk') to refer to the future.1 When you are talking about something in the future which is based on an official timetable or calendar, you use the present simple tense. You usually put a time adverbial in these sentences.My last train leaves Euston at 11.30.The UN General Assembly opens in New York this month.Our next lesson is on Thursday.We set off early tomorrow morning.2 In statements about fixed dates, you normally use the present simple.Tomorrow is Tuesday.It's my birthday next month.Monday is the seventeenth of July.3 When you want to talk about people's plans or arrangements for the future, you use the present continuous tense.I'm meeting Bill next week.They're getting married in June.4 You often talk about the future using the present tense of verbs such as `hope', `expect', `intend', and `want' with a `to'-infinitive clause, especially when you want to indicate your uncertainty about what will actually happen.We hope to see you soon.Bill expects to be back at work tomorrow.After the verb `hope', you often use the present simple to refer to the future.I hope you enjoy your holiday.5 In subordinate clauses, the relationships between tense and time are different. In `if'-clauses and time clauses, you normally use the present simple for future reference.If he comes, I'll let you know.Please start when you are ready.We won't start until everyone arrives.Lock the door after you finally leave.6 In defining relative clauses, you normally use the present simple, not `will', to refer to thefuture.Any decision that you make will need her approval.Give my love to any friends you meet.There is a silver cup for the runner who finishes first.7 If you want to show that a condition has to be the case before an action can be carried out, you use the present perfect for future events.We won't start until everyone has arrived.I'll let you know when I have arranged everything.。

百词斩英语12种时态present simple一般现在时Tenses: Present Simple (present tense + common aspect) 时态：现在简单（现在时态+共同体）2. General existence; stating a fact:2.普遍存在；陈述事实：3. Dramatic narrative (theatre, sports, etc. events):3.戏剧叙事（戏剧、体育等活动）：Johnson takes the ball, he bounces it to the floor, then he throws and scores two points.约翰逊接过球，把球弹到地板上，然后投进并得到2分。

present progressive现在进行时Present Progressive (present tense + progressive aspect) 现在进行时（现在时+进行体）1. Action happening now:1.正在进行的动作past simple一般过去时Tenses: Past Simple (past tense + common aspect)时态：过去式（过去式+共同体）Actions, events in the past:过去的行动、事件：Past Progressive过去进行式Tenses: Past Progressive (past tense + progressive aspect) 时态：过去进行时（过去时+进行体）Action in progress in the past:过去正在采取的行动：Present Perfect Simple (present perfect tense + common aspect)一般现在完成时（现在完成时+共同体）2. Action in incomplete time:2.不完全时间内的行动：3. Action in the past without saying when:过去的行动，不说何时：4. Action beginning in the past and still continuing:4.过去开始并仍在继续的行动：Present Perfect Progressive现在完成进行时Present Perfect Progressive (present perfect tense + progressive aspect)现在完成进行体（现在完成时+进行体）Past Perfect Simple过去完成时Past Perfect Simple (past tense + common aspect)一般过去时（过去时+共同体）Past Perfect Progressive过去完成进行时Past Perfect Progressive (past perfect tense + progressive aspect)过去进行时Fact, action or event in the future:未来的事实、行动或事件：Future Progressive进步的未来Future Progressive (future tense + progressive aspect) 将来进行体（将来时+进行体）Future Perfect Simple将来完成时Future Perfect Simple (future perfect tense + common aspect)将来完成时态+共同部分Future Perfect Progressive将来完成进行时Future Perfect Progressive (future perfect tense + progressive aspect)将来完成进行体（将来完成时+进行体）。

英语四级考试中的时态和语态时态和语态在英语四级考试中非常重要，它们直接影响到考生的语法表达和句子结构，因此需要被认真对待。

本文将介绍英语四级考试中常见的时态和语态，并给出相应的例子，帮助考生更好地理解和应用。

一、时态（tenses）1. 一般现在时（Simple Present）一般现在时用于表达客观事实、经常性动作和现在的状态。

主语为第三人称单数时，动词需加s或es。

例子:I usually go to bed at 11pm.（我通常在晚上11点睡觉。

）The sun rises in the east.（太阳从东方升起。

）John often eats breakfast at home.（约翰经常在家吃早餐。

）2. 现在进行时（Present Continuous）现在进行时用于表达现阶段正在进行的动作。

助动词be的形式随着主语的变化而变化，并与动词的现在分词形式构成。

例子：She is studying in the library.（她正在图书馆学习。

）They are watching a movie now.（他们现在正在看电影。

）3. 一般过去时（Simple Past）一般过去时用于表达过去发生的具体动作或状态。

动词的过去式形式不变。

例子：I lived in Beijing ten years ago.（十年前我住在北京。

）We visited the Great Wall last summer.（去年夏天我们参观了长城。

）4. 过去进行时（Past Continuous）过去进行时用于强调某个过去时间段内正在进行的动作，也可用于叙述两个同时发生的动作。

例子：She was studying English when I called her.（我给她打电话时，她正在学习英语。

）They were playing basketball while it was raining.（下雨时他们正在打篮球。

英语tense是什么中文意思英语tense是什么中文意思单词tense是具有很多种词性的，那么我们就有必要知道每一种词性的中文意思。

店铺为大家精心准备了英文tense的几种中文意思，欢迎大家前来阅读。

tense的中文意思英 [tens] 美 [tɛns]比较级：tenser最高级：tensest第三人称单数：tenses第三人称复数：tenses现在分词：tensing过去分词：tensed过去式：tensedtense 基本解释形容词拉紧的; 肌肉绷紧的; 神经紧张的; [语](语音)紧的名词 [语]时，时态; 〈古〉时间动词使或变的紧张例句1. The situation suddenly became tense.局势突然变得紧张起来。

2. The players were tense at the start of the game.队员们在比赛开始时很紧张。

3. The defendant was extremely tense.被告极为紧张。

tense的词典解释1. (局势、时期)令人紧张的，让人焦虑的A tense situation or period of time is one that makes people anxious, because they do not know what is going to happen next.e.g. This gesture of goodwill did little to improve the tense atmosphere at the talks...这一友好姿态基本上没有改善会谈的紧张气氛。

e.g. After three very tense weeks he phoned again...过了紧张不安的 3 个星期，他又一次打来电话。

2. 紧张的;焦虑的;无法放松的If you are tense, you are anxious and nervous and cannot relax.e.g. Dart, who had at first been very tense, at last relaxed.起初，达特非常紧张，最后终于放松了下来。