河南省鹤壁市高级中学2020_2021学年高二英语上学期尖子生联赛调研试题二2

河南省鹤壁市淇滨高级中学2020-2021学年高二英语上学期第二次周考试题考试时间：100分钟分值：120分第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

ABest New Dog Books to Read in 2020If you’re looking for a heartwarming true story of loyalty and companionship, you’ll find it in this list of new dog books to read in 2020.WagWhether you are training a new dog, considering adopting a dog or simply curious about your own dog’s happiness and behavior, Wag has all the answers and then more. Respected dog trainer and social psychologist, Zazie Todd, describes the inner life of dogs and shares recommendations from researchers and trainers to help you develop the respectful relationship with your dog.By Zazie ToddHardcover $ 24. 96Paperback $14. 18No Ordinary DogNo Ordinary Dog is about a powerful true story of a SEAL Team Operator and military dog handler, and the dog that saved his life. Two dozen Navy SEALs attacked Osama bin Laden in May 2011. After the mission（使命）, only one name was made public: Cairo, a Belgian Malinois and military working dog. This is Cairo’s story, and that of his handler, Will Chesney.By Will ChesneyHardcover $17. 99Paperback $14. 72Good BoyGood Boy is a universal account of a remarkable story: showing how a young “boy” became a middle-aged woman—accompanied at seven key moments of growth and transformation by seven memorable dogs. “Everything I know about love,” she writes, “I learned from dogs.” Their love enables us to achieve what seem like impossible things.By Jennifer Finney BoylanHardcover $ 25.89Paperback $17.77Our Dogs, OurselvesWe keep dogs and are kept by them. We love dogs and we are loved by them. We buy them sweaters, toys, shoes; we are concerned with their social lives, their food, and their health. The story of humans and dogs is thousands of years old but is far from understood.In Our Dogs, Ourselves, Alexandra Horowitz explores all aspects of this unique and complex relationship.By Alexandra HorowitzHardcover $ 28Paperback $14. 9921. Who was rescued by a dog?A. Cairo.B. Will Chesney.C. Zazie Todd.D. Alexandra Horowitz.22. How much do two Jennifer Finney Boylan’s hardcover-version books cost?A. $ 25.89.B. $ 35.54.C. $ 43.66.D. $ 51.78.23. What does the book Our Dogs, Ourselves focus on?A. The human-dog relationship.B. How to adopt and train a seal.C. True stories of seven pet dogs.D. The exploration of dogs’ clothes.BI have well travelled in Spain and visited a good number of Spanish cities. However, no city will ever quite match Cádiz, where I spent six months studying as a student.Before that, I knew very little about Cádiz but I decided to take a risk and explore it. Well, the risk certainly paid off.Cádiz, Europe’s oldest city, hangs off Spain’s southern coast on a peninsula（半岛）, surrounded almost entirely by water. As you leave the shady streets of the historical old city and explore more of it, you are met with vast areas of the blue Atlantic Ocean and white sandy beaches, which in my opinion are some of the best in Spain!One of the great things about Cádiz is the wonderful, rich culture of food and drink. There are little tapas（小吃）bars lining every street and most will serve tapas for around 1. 50～2 euros, meaning you can try a whole variety of Andalusian dishes.Cádiz has also come to be known as “The Singing City”. It comes from the annual carnival（狂欢节）, one of the biggest in Europe. A very large number of people go to Cádiz to see it. During those ten days, Cádiz’s narrow streets are filled with the sound of singing as musical groups fight for a place in the contest, which takes place on the last Saturday of carnival. The songs perfectly show the sense of humor of the Gaditanos, who, besides being so warm and welcoming, are said to have the best sense of humor in Spain!That is my experience of Cádiz. a wonderful, typically Andalusian city which is often overlooked but well worth a visit. I am currently living in Huelva, just a short drive from Cádiz, so please pay attention to my next sharing!24. What does the word “that” underlined in paragraph 2 refer to?A. Studying in Cádiz.B. Competing in a match.C. Teaching a student.D. Becoming an explorer.25. What does the third paragraph mainly talk about?A. The unknown origin and long history of Cádiz.B. The beautiful life of people living in Cádiz.C. The geographic position and scenery of Cádiz.D. The author’s complex attitude towards Cádiz.26. Why is Cádiz called “The Singing City”?A. A number of local people enjoy humorous songs.B. Singing is everywhere during a big annual carnival.C. Many grand carnivals attract well-known singers.D. A lot of singing competitions take place each year.27. From which is the text most probably taken?A. A post on the Internet.B. A geography textbook.C. A travel brochure.D. A biography.CAre you a talkative person? Do you like chatting with your colleagues? Every day around the world, most people who go to work avoid making small talk with their colleagues once they get there.Some put on their headphones and keep their eyes low. Others will pretend to receive an urgent message that requires an immediate, life-or-death rapid response, which prevents them from doing pretty much anything else, including the conversation made while people are heating up lunch in the office microwave or while walking from the entrance of their office building to the nearest bus stop.If those sound familiar or if you’ve convinced yourself that avoiding small talk with colleagues is smart self-preservation and that the risk of saying something offensive or coming across as socially unskillful is not worth the reward of connecting with somebody, then there is a bad piece of news—your false logic could be costing you a higher position at work.Jamie Terran, a licensed career coach in New York City, said that small talk between colleagues builds rapport, which builds trust. “Rapport is the feeling that allows you to extend the deadline, or overlook smaller mistakes because it makes your colleagues to remember that we’re only human,” she added.However, many people underestimate how much their conversation partners like them. But it’s not necessary. Imagine that after you have an awkward small talk with your colleague, do you think that the colleague you just talked with is a terrible conversationalist? No. You just feel bad about yourself. And your colleague feels the same about himself or herself.If you’re generally anxious in social situations, Terran suggested coming up with questions or stories from which you can pull. “Whether or not you share personal information about yourself is up to you, but discussing things you truly care about always works,” she said. “Topics related to your professional field, for example, thesports you do well, is a great place to start.”28. How do most people avoid chatting with their colleagues?A. By asking their colleagues to stay far away.B. By getting themselves occupied on purpose.C. By reading something unrelated to their work.D. By devoting themselves fully to the deadlines.29. What may people lose if they avoid small talk with colleagues?A. Smart self-preservation.B. Trust in their colleagues.C. Professional and social skills.D. A chance for job promotion.30. What do people worry about after an awkward chat with their colleagues?A. Their colleagues will overlook their efforts.B. They are likely to make more big mistakes.C. Their colleagues may think poorly of them.D. They will lose heart during the coming days.31. What does Jamie Terran strongly suggest about making small talk?A. Making up funny stories about others.B. Talking about something you are good at.C. Choosing serious topics for discussion.D. Sharing private information about yourself.DCorn is among the most commonly consumed grains on the planet. Globally, the average human will consume 70 pounds of corn each year! That’s a whole lot of corn that needs to be grown each year, and that’s not even accounting for corn being grown for animal consumption and biofuel. Just like many other popular foods, farmers are finding it difficult to get enough corn produced.Of course, complicating matters is the fact that corn is a tropical（热带的）plant, meaning farmers can’t produce it during the colder months of the year. Now, researchers from Cornell University’s Boyce Thompson Institute have developed their own solution: a new variation of corn that recovers much more quickly after being exposed to cold temperatures.Lead researcher David Stern, president of the Boyce Thompson Institute, and his team made this incredible breakthrough by building on research originally published two years ago. That study had discovered that increasing the levels of an enzyme（酶）called Rubisco in plants caused them to grow more rapidly and reach larger sizes. Rubisco helps plants turn atmospheric carbon dioxide （CO2） into sugar. Regarding corn specifically, Rubisco levels in corn drop considerably in cold weather.This time, the research team planted a large group of corn plants, and provided a portion of the group with more Rubisco. Then, they allowed all the plants to grow for three weeks at 77 degrees Fahrenheit （normal growing temperature for corn）before dropping the temperature to 57 degrees Fahrenheit for two more weeks. Finally, theyheated things up back again to 77 degrees.“The corn with more Rubisco performed better than regular corn before, during and after chilling（冷却）,” explains first author Coralie Salesse-Smith. “In fact, we were able to reduce the severity of chilling stress and allow for a more rapid recovery.”All in all, the corn with more Rubisco was able to recover from the colder temperatures more quickly and with less damage done. The Rubisco corn plants grew to be taller. These results are very promising. However, Stern and his team say they’re still working on improving their approach.32. What makes the research particularly necessary according to the text?A. The great climate change.B. Lack of heat-tolerant corn.C. The large demand for corn.D. Corn’s insensitivity to climate.33. What did the researchers do during the study?A. They made those corn plants resist Rubisco.B. They assessed corn plants’ ability to absorb CO2.C. They removed all the chilling stress on corn plants.D. They exposed corn plants to different temperatures.34. What should the researchers think of the corn plant they developed?A. It has functioned well in solving global starvation.B. It is qualified enough to be grown around the world.C. It recovers from the colder temperatures more slowly.D. It isn’t yet completely perfect for chilling tolerance.35. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A. Much More Corn Plants Are Badly NeededB. Corn Plants Aren’t Sensitive to Cold WeatherC. Scientists Have Developed Cold-resistant CornD. Tropical Corn Is Going to Become History Soon第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

河南省鹤壁市淇县高级中学2020-2021学年高二英语联考试卷含解析一、选择题1. The ___look suggested that there must be something ____around her.A. scaring; scared B scaring ; scaring C. scared ;scaring D. scared; scared参考答案：C2. He telephoned the travel agency to ________ three air tickets to London.A. orderB. bookC. takeD. arrange 参考答案：B3. People have been complaining about SK-II recently and think the advertisements always persuade people _________ the products which are not so good.A. buyB. to buyC. buyingD. bought参考答案：B略4. If you want to do the experiment again, you’d better be more careful ______ you have made a mistake.A. whereB. thatC. whyD. when参考答案：A24. — Shall we go to the art exhibition right away?— ________.A. It’s your opinionB. I don’t mindC. It’s all up to youD. That’s your decision参考答案：C 6. _____ she can’t come, who will do the work?A. SupposedB. SupposingC. Having supposedD. Being supposed 参考答案：B解析：supposing (that)可引导条件状语从句,意为“假使”。

河南省鹤壁市高级中学2020—2021学年高二化学上学期尖子生联赛调研试题一可能用到的相对原子质量：H 1 C 12 O 16 Na 23 S 32 Cl35。

5 Ca 40 Cu 64 Zn 65一、选择题(每题只有一项符合题意,每题3分，共48分) 1．《化学反应原理》选修模块从不同的视角对化学反应进行了探究、分析.以下观点不正确的是（）①放热反应在常温下均能自发进行；②电解过程中,化学能转化为电能而“储存”起来；③原电池工作时所发生的反应一定有氧化还原反应；④加热时，化学反应只向吸热反应方向进行；⑤盐类均能发生水解反应；⑥化学平衡常数的表达式与化学反应方程式的书写无关A．①②④⑤B．①③⑤⑥C．②③⑤⑥D．①②④⑤⑥2．N A为阿伏加德罗常数的值，下列说法正确的是（）A．常温下pH＝2的CH3COOH溶液中,H＋的数目为0.01N AB．常温常压下，18 g D2O含有的质子数为10N AC．标准状况下，11.2 L乙烯和环丙烷(C3H6)的混合气体中，共用电子对数目为3N AD．0。

1 mol Cu溶于足量稀硝酸中，转移的电子数为0.2N A 3．下列热化学方程式或离子方程式中,正确的是（)A．由热化学方程式CH3OH（g)＋错误!O2(g)===CO2（g）＋2H2(g）；ΔH＝－192.9 kJ·mol－1，可推知CH3OH(g)的燃烧热ΔH＝－192。

9 kJ·mol－1B．已知H2(g）的燃烧热ΔH＝－285。

8 kJ·mol－1，则2H2O （l)===2H2（g）＋O2（g)；ΔH＝＋571。

6 kJ·mol－1C．HCl（aq)和NaOH（aq）反应的中和热ΔH＝－57.3 kJ·mol －1，则稀H2SO4(aq）和Ba(OH）2 （aq)反应生成2molH2O(l）的反应热ΔH＝2×(－57.3 kJ·mol－1)D．一定条件下，将0.5 mol N2和1.5 mol H2置于密闭的容器中充分反应生成NH3（g)，放热19.3 kJ，其热化学方程式为N2(g）＋3H2(g）2NH3（g)；ΔH＝－38。

英语24字整体教学法鹤壁高中2020-2021学年高二上学期阶段性检测（二）英语试题第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每道题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

ASchedule an Appointment at the Center for Women's HealthPlease call your doctor's office or the clinic as far in advance as possible to schedule your appointments. This will make it easier to choose times that are most convenient for you.Be sure to register after you have scheduled your first appointment. Registration helps each clinic correctly identify you and your medical information.If your health plan restricts the clinics you can use, be sure your plan has approved the healthcare you are requesting. This will help you avoid unexpected fees.Checklist of information you will need when making an appointmentWe will ask you for the following information:Your nameYour date of birth or Social Security number (this helps ensure that your medical information is not confused with someone who has a similar name)Reasons for the appointment (be as specific as possible so that we can reserve the right amount of time for your visit)Whether you want a particular doctor or the first available appointmentCanceling an appointmentIf you cannot keep your appointment, please call your doctor's office or clinic as soon as possible or no later than the day before. We realize that sometimes emergencies come up and your plans may change. However, giving us as much notice as possible helps us better serve you and our other patients. When you call, we will help you reschedule for another day and time.1. What helps to identify you and your medical information correctly?英语24字整体教学法A. Your first appointment. B. Your registration.C. Your health plan.D. Your phone call.2. What can distinguish the information of two persons with a similar name?A. The birth place.B. The Social Security number.C. The reasons for an appointment.D. The need for a particular doctor. 3. What is the deadline for canceling your appointment of April 14? A. April 12. B. April 11. C. April 13. D. April 10. B When Rachel Ratelle saw a news video of a burned koala trying to climb a tree to safety in fire-stricken Australia, she decided to do something about it. She looked up wildlife rescue and relief agencies in Australia to find out what they needed most. Besides donations, many organizations asked for hand-sewn and knitted pouches(袋子) and wraps for koalas and other animals that were burned or had lost their homes and parents in the fires. This idea attracted Ratelle, but there was just one problem. "I'd never sewn in my life," said Ratelle, 17, a senior at Rancho Buena Vista High School in Vista, US. "Giving money seemed like something too simple. But I wanted to directly help these animals by doing something myself so I decided to learn how to sew." Over the next few months, Ratelle bought her own sewing machine and taught herself how to sew via videos online. Then she purchased 18 yards of fabric and sewed 25 pouches of different sizes and shipped them off to FAWNA, one of several relief organizations that have rushed to rescue koalas, kangaroos and other species suffering from burns. A week later, she received a photo from FAWNA with a young koala in one of her larger pouches. "It made me feel like I contributed to the world and it showed how a simple act ofkindness can go a long way," said Ratelle, who hopes to study biology for a future career as a nurse practitioner.Several craft(手工) websites around the world have appealed to people to make the animal pouches. Karen Newberry and her two daughters Madison, 12, and Rochelle, 8, from San Diego also offered their help in such a way. For Newberry, “It was a big push that made us crafters, sewers realize there's something more we can do than just make things for ourselves,” she said.4. What does the first paragraph mainly talk about?A. What inspired Ratelle to learn to sew.B. The poor living conditions of Australian animals.C. What is needed to save koalas and other species.D. Different ways to help koalas and other animals.5. How did Ratelle feel when she received a photo from FAWNA?A. Calm.B. Surprised.C. Proud.D. Disappointed.6. What can we learn from the last paragraph?A. It is challenging for crafters and sewers to do relief work.B. Life is not easy for crafters and sewers in Australia.C. People should stay united through difficult times.D. Many people are involved in helping injured animals.7. What's the best title for the text?A. Helping Injured WildlifeB. A Big Bushfire in AustraliaC. Making Animal PouchesD. Relief Agencies in AustraliaCThe snow in Antarctica is turning green and scientists say climate change may be to blame. According to a study at the Cambridge University, microscopic algae blooms (藻类爆发) across the surface of the snow is slowly turning Antarctica’s winter white landscape green. Although micr oscopic, scientists say they’re able to see the “green snow” from space when the algae blooms all together.Researchers created a large-scale map of green snow algae along the Antarctic coast using a combination of satellite data and on-the-ground observations over the course of two summers. The study found that the green snow algae bloomed in warmer areas where the average temperatures are just above 0℃ during the southern hemisphere’s (半球的) summer months from November to February.“As Antarctica warms, we predict the overall mass of snow algae will increase,” said Dr. Andrew Gray, lead author of the paper, and a researcher. Researchers say larger blooms of algae can be found north of the Antarctic and South Shetland Islands, where it can spread to higher ground as the snow melts.The team also discovered some sea birds and mammals influenced the distribution of algae. Over 60% of algae blooms were found within three miles of a penguin settlement. Scientists hypothesize this may be due to their droppings, wh ich act as a “highly nutritious fertilizer.”“This is a significant advance in our understanding of land-based life on Antarctica, and how it might change in the coming years as the climate warms,” said Dr. Matt Davey in the University of Cambridge’s Depar tment of Plant Sciences, who led the study.8. What is turning the Antarctic snow green?A. The melting of snow.B. The blooming algae.C. The beautiful landscape.D. The balanced temperature.9. Where is microscopic algae most likely to bloom in Antarctica?A. North of the Antarctic.B. West of the South Pole.C. South of the Antarctic.D. Around the southern hemisphere.10. What does the underlined word “hypothesize” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?A. confirm.B. support.C. assume.D. warn.11. What can we learn from the text?A. Penguins feed on microscopic algae.B. Antarctic algae grow under the snow.C. Ground observation lasted for four months.D. Animal droppings contribute to the algae blooms.DCall it a mobility system or a wheelchair—it can be seen at the Tokyo airport moving on its own. It is helping with social distancing while fighting the spread of the coronavirus. It also helps older passengers and those who otherwise need assistance walking the last few steps to the boarding gate.The mobility system seats one person and runs on its own without hitting anything. It has a pre-programmed path of about 600 meters at Tokyo's Haneda International Airport. It was shown on Monday by WHILL, the company behind the technology.WHILL Chief Executive Satoshi Sugie said robotics and self-driving technology reduce the need for a human at the wheel. They are good for these times of "living with" coronavirus. The ride lasts several minutes. It travels from the security area to the boarding gate at a speed of 3.5 kilometers per hour. But many people hope the technology can help in other places, such as hospitals or parks. The technology uses sensors and cameras to see a clear path and avoid hitting those walking toward it. It could also help Japan free up laborers. Japan, like many other nations, suffers from a labor shortage. The technology could free a worker to do another job.Tests have been carried out at several airports since last year, including John F. Kennedy International Airport in New York. The company hopes to put it in airports around the world.The person on the machine can start or stop it through a simple controller.It runs on batteries and is programmed to return to where it started when its passenger gets off. Anyone needing help walking long distances can use it at Terminal One at Haneda airport. It is called the “last-mile mobility”, says WHILL.12. What do we know about the mobility system?A. It can seat more than one person.B. It runs with the assistance of a controller.C. It helps older passengers to the boarding gate.D. It has a flexible path of about 600 meters.13. What does “T hey” in Paragraph 3 refer to?A. Humans at the wheel.B. The needs for human beings.C. These times of "living with" coronavirus.D. Robotics and self-driving technology.14. What plays an essential part in the technology?A. Sensors and cameras.B. The speed of the machine.C. The path of the ride.D. The distance of the ride.15. What can we infer from the last two paragraphs?A. The system runs completely on its own.B. The system has been put into use in the US.C. WHILL will continue to test the system in airports worldwide.D. The system is controlled by a passenger to return to the start.第二节（共5 小题；每小题2 分，满分10 分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

河南省鹤壁市高级中学2020-2021学年高二数学上学期尖子生联赛调研试题二 理一、单选题1．设命题2:,2nP n N n ∃∈>，则P ⌝为（ ） A ．2,2nn N n ∀∈> B ．2,2nn N n ∃∈≤ C ．2,2nn N n ∀∈≤D ．2,2nn N n ∃∈=2．数列{}n a 满足11221n n n n a a ++=-，且11a =，若15n a <，则n 的最小值为 ( ) A ．3 B ．4 C ．5D ．63．已知F 为抛物线2y x =的焦点，,A B 是该抛物线上的两点，3AF BF +=，则线段AB 的中点到y 轴的距离为 ( ) A ．34B ．1C ．54D ．744．由曲线y =直线2y x =-及y 轴所围成的平面图形的面积为 ( )A ．6B ．4C ．103D ．1635．若x,y 满足约束条件x 0x+y-30z 2x-2y 0x y ≥⎧⎪≥=+⎨⎪≤⎩，则的取值范围是（ ）A ．[0,6]B ．[0,4]C ．[6, +∞）D ．[4, +∞）6．我国古代数学著作《算法统宗》中有这样一段记载：“一百八十九里关，初行健步不为难，次日脚痛减一半，六朝才得到其关.”其大意为：“有一个人共行走了189里的路程，第一天健步行走，从第二天起，因脚痛每天走的路程为前一天的一半，走了6天才到达目的地.”则该人第一天行走的路程为（ ） A ．108里B ．96里C ．64里D ．48里7.已知函数()()()()2102ln 10x x x f x x x ⎧-+<⎪=⎨⎪+≥⎩，若函数()y f x kx =-有3个零点，则实数k 的取值范围为（ ）A ．10,2⎛⎫ ⎪⎝⎭B ．()1,2C ．1,12⎛⎫ ⎪⎝⎭D ．()2,+∞8．正四棱锥S -ABCD 底面边长为2，高为1，E 是棱BC 的中点，动点P 在四棱锥表面上运动，并且总保持0PE AC ⋅=，则动点P 的轨迹的周长为（ ）A ．B +C ．D ．9．在ABC ∆中，,,a b c 分别是角,,A B C 的对边,若sin cos 0b A B =,且2b ac =，则a cb+的值为 ( )A ．2BC ．2D ．410．已知双曲线的中心在原点且一个焦点为F ，直线1y x =-与其相交于M ，N 两点，若MN 中点的横坐标为23-，则此双曲线的方程是（ ）A ．22134x y -= B ．22143x y -= C ．22152x y -=D ．22125x y -=11．若函数()ln f x ax x =-在区间(]0,e 上的最小值为3，则实数a 的值为（ ） A ．2eB ．-2eC ．2e D ．-1e12．已知椭圆1C ：()222210x y a b a b +=>>，其焦距为2，且过点12⎛⎫ ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭，.点B 为1C 在第一象限中的任意一点，过B 作1C 的切线l ，l 分别与x 轴和y 轴的正半轴交于,C D 两点，则OCD ∆面积的最小值为( )A ．2BC D ．2二、填空题13．已知在三棱锥P ABC -中，1PA AB BC ===，AC PB ==PC =，则异面直线PC 与AB 所成角的余弦值是__________.14．若钝角三角形ABC 的三边长a ，8，b ()a b <成等差数列，则该等差数列的公差d 的取值范围是________.15.椭圆22221x y a b +=（0a b >>）的左、右焦点分别为1F ，2F ，过2F 的直线交椭圆于P ，Q 两点（P 在x 轴上方），1PF PQ =.若1PQ PF ⊥，则椭圆的离心率e =______. 16．已知函数()3x f x e -=，()1ln 22xg x =+，若()()f m g n =成立，则n m -的最小值为______. 三、解答题17．设命题p ：函数f （x ）=lg （ax 2-x +16a ）的定义域为R ；命题q ：不等式3x-9x＜a 对任意x ∈R 恒成立．（1）如果p 是真命题,求实数a 的取值范围；（2）如果命题“p 或q ”为真命题且“p 且q ”为假命题,求实数a 的取值范围． 18．设数列{}n a 的前n 项和为n S ，且()22n S n n n N*=+∈，数列{}nb 是等比数列，且111b a =-，4425a b +=.（1）求数列{}n a ，{}n b 的通项公式； （2）求数列{}n n a b 的前n 项和n T .19．ABC ∆的内角,,A B C 的对边分别为,,a b c ，已知sin sin 2A Ca b A +=． （1）求B ；（2）若ABC ∆为锐角三角形，且1c =，求ABC ∆面积的取值范围．20．如图，在三棱柱111ABC A B C -中，底面ABC 是边长为4的等边三角形，11A AB A AC ∠=∠，D 为BC 的中点.（1）证明：BC ⊥平面1A AD .（2）若1A AD ∆是等边三角形，求二面角1D AA C --的正弦值. 21.已知函数()ln 1f x x ax =++.（1）若函数()f x 有两个零点,求a 的取值范围; （2）()xf x xe ≤恒成立,求a 的取值范围.22．已知椭圆E ：()222210x y a b a b+=>>的焦距为，点A 在椭圆E 上，且OA （O 为坐标原点）. （1）求椭圆E 的标准方程.（2）已知动直线l 与圆O ：()2220x y tt +=>相切，且与椭圆E 交于P ，Q 两点.是否存在实数t ，使得OP OQ ⊥？若存在，求出t 的值；若不存在，请说明理由.鹤壁高中高二年级尖子生联赛调研二数学（理）答案1．【答案】C【解析】特称命题的否定为全称命题，所以命题的否命题应该为2,2nn N n ∀∈≤，即本题的正确选项为C. 2．【答案】C【解析】∵11221n n n n a a ++=-，即11221n nn n a a ++-=，∴数列{2n a n }为公差是1的等差数列， 又a 1=1，∴21a 1=2，即其首项为2，∴2n a n =2+（n ﹣1）×1=n+1，∴a n =12nn +． ∴a 1=1，a 2=34，a 3=12，a 4=516＞15，a 5=632=316＜315=15，∴若15n a ＜，则n 的最小值为5，故选C ．【点睛】本题考查数列递推式，判断出数列{2na n }为公差是1的等差数列，并求得a n =12nn +是关键，考查分析应用能力．属于中档题． 3．【答案】C【解析】抛物线的准线为1:4l x =-，过,A B 作准线的垂线，垂足为,E G ，AB 的中点为M ，过M 作准线的垂线，垂足为MH ，因为,A B 是该抛物线上的两点，故,AE AF BG BF ==， 所以3AE BG AF BF +=+=， 又MH 为梯形的中位线，所以32MH =，故M 到y 轴的距离为315244-=，故选C. 【点睛】本题考查抛物线的几何性质，属于基础题. 4．【答案】D 【解析】由y x =2y x =-得交点为(4,2)， 所以所求面积为322440016(2)(2)3232x x x x dx x +=-+=⎰，选D.【点睛】本题考查定积分求封闭图形面积，考查基本求解能力，属基本题. 5．【答案】D【解析】x 、y 满足约束条件，表示的可行域如图：目标函数z=x+2y 经过C 点时，函数取得最小值， 由解得C （2，1），目标函数的最小值为4，目标函数的范围是[4，+∞）．故选D ．6．【答案】B【解析】根据题意，记该人每天走的路程里数为{}n a ，则数列{}n a 是以12的为公比的等比数列，又由这个人走了6天后到达目的地，即6189S =，则有166112189112a S ⎛⎫- ⎪⎝⎭==-，解可得：196a =，故选：B.【点睛】本题考查数列的应用，涉及等比数列的通项公式以及前n 项和公式的运用，注意等比数列的性质的合理运用. 7.【答案】C【解析】当0x ≥时，()()ln 1f x x =+，则()1'1f x x =+，()'01f =； 当0x <时，()212f x x x =-+，则()1'22f x x =-+，当0x →时，()1'2f x →； 画出()f x 和y kx =函数图像，如图所示：函数有3个交点，根据图像知112k <<.故选：C .【点睛】本题考查了根据函数零点个数求参数，意在考查学生的计算能力和应用能力，画出函数图像是解题的关键. 8．【答案】B【解析】由0PE AC ⋅=，即满足PE AC ⊥.设,F G 分别为,DC SC 的中点，连接,,,,AC BD EF FG GE . 设,AC BD 交于点O ，,AC EF 交于点1O . 所以在正四棱锥S -ABCD 中，SO ⊥平面ABCD . 所以SO AC ⊥,且AC BD ⊥, 由,,E F G 分别为,,BC DC SC 的中点.所以1//,//BD EF SO GO ,则有，1GO AC ⊥,AC EF ⊥,且11EF GO O =所以AC ⊥平面EFG .故当点P 在平面EFG 内时，有PE AC ⊥成立.所以动点P 的轨迹为平面EFG 截正四棱锥S -ABCD 的截面，即EFG . 由,,E F G 分别为,,BC DC SC 的中点. 所以111,,222EF BD GE SB FG SD === 又正四棱锥S -ABCD 底面边长为2，高为1，所以22BD =,()21+2=3SB =.所以23EF FG GE ++=故选：B【点睛】本题考查轨迹问题，考查线面的垂直的证明，属于中档题. 9．【答案】A【解析】在ABC ∆中，因为sin 3cos 0b A a B =,且2b ac =， 由正弦定理得sin sin 3cos 0B A A B -=，因为(0,)A π∈，则sin 0A >，所以sin 30B B =，即tan 3B =3B π=，由余弦定理得222222222cos ()3()3b a c ac B a c ac a c ac a c b =+-=+-=+-=+-， 即()224b a c =+，解得2a cb+=，故选A ． 【点睛】本题主要考查了正弦定理、余弦定理的应用，其中利用正弦、余弦定理可以很好地解决三角形的边角关系，熟练掌握定理、合理运用是解本题的关键．通常当涉及两边及其中一边的对角或两角及其中一角对边时，运用正弦定理求解；当涉及三边或两边及其夹角时，运用余弦定理求解. 10．【答案】D【解析】设双曲线的方程为22221(0,0)x y a b a b-=>>，由题意可得227a b +=，设()11,M x y ，()22,N x y ，则MN 的中点为25,33⎛⎫-- ⎪⎝⎭，由2211221x y a b -=且2222221x y a b-=，得()()12122x x x x a +-= ()()12122y y y y b +-，2223a ⨯-=（）2523b ⨯-（），即2225a b=，联立227a b +=，解得22a =，25b =，故所求双曲线的方程为22125x y -=．故选D ．【点睛】本题主要考查利用点差法求双曲线标准方程，考查基本求解能力，属于中档题. 11．【答案】A【解析】()1f x a x'=-. （1）当0a ≤时，0f x，所以()f x 在(]0,e 上单调递减，()()min 13f x f e ae ==-=，4a e=（舍去）.（2）当0a >时，()1a x a f x x⎛⎫- ⎪⎝⎭'=.①当10a e <≤时，1e a≥，此时0f x在(]0,e 上恒成立，所以()f x 在(]0,e 上单调递减，()()min 13f x f e ae ==-=，解得4a e=（舍去）； ②当1a e >时，10e a <<.当10x a<<时，0f x，所以()f x 在10,a ⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭上单调递减，当1x e a<<时，0f x，所以()f x 在1,e a ⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭上单调递增，于是()min 11ln 3f x f a a ⎛⎫==+=⎪⎝⎭，解得2a e =. 综上，2a e =. 故选：A【点睛】本题考查函数的最值，利用导数是解题的关键，考查分类讨论思想，如何合理确定分类标准是难点，属于中档题. 12．【答案】B【解析】由题意可得22c =，即221,1c a b =-=，代入点21,2⎛⎫ ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭，可得221112a b +=，解得2,1a b ==，即有椭圆的方程为2212x y +=，设()22,B x y ，则椭圆1C 在点B 处的切线方程为2212x x y y += 令210,D x y y ==，令0y =，可得22C x x =，所以222211212OCD S y x x y ∆=⋅⋅=，又点B 在椭圆的第一象限上，所以222222,0,12xx y y>+=，即有2222222212xyx y x y+=22222x yy x=+222222x yy x≥⋅2=，所以2OCDS∆≥，当且仅当2222122xy==，所以当21,2B⎛⎫⎪⎪⎝⎭时，则OCD∆的面积的最小值为2.故选：B【点睛】本题考查椭圆中的最值问题，考查基本不等式求最值问题，考查类比推理，综合性较强，属于中等题型.13．【答案】33【解析】在三棱锥P ABC-中,1,PA AB BC===2AC PB==,3PC=.222222222,,AB BC AC PA AB PB PA AC PC∴+=+=+=,,AB BC PA AB PA AC∴⊥⊥⊥AB AC A⋂=，∴PA⊥平面ABC以A为原点,在平面ABC中,过A作AC的垂线为x轴,AC为y轴,AP为z轴,建立空间直角坐标系如图:则22(0,0,0),22A B⎛⎫⎪⎪⎝⎭,2,0),(0,0,1)C P.∴22,,0,(0,2,1)22AB PC⎛⎫==-⎪⎪⎝⎭，设异面直线PC 与AB 所成角为θ，∴cos ||||AB PCAB PC θ⋅=⨯==∴异面直线PC 与AB所成角的余弦值为3. 故答案为:3.【点睛】本题主要考查了由向量法求异面直线夹角的余弦值,解题关键是掌握向量法求异面直线夹角的解法和向量数量积公式,考查了分析能力和计算能力,属于中档题. 14．【答案】24d <<【解析】由题意得16a b +=且8a b <<，三角形ABC 为钝角三角形，∴222cos 02a c bB ac+-=<即22640a b +-<，∴2264b a ->即()1664b a ->，∴4b a ->，又由三角形三边关系可得8b a -<，∴48b a <-<即428d <<，∴24d <<.故答案为：24d <<.【点睛】本题考查了余弦定理的应用和等差数列性质的应用，属于中档题. 15.1 【解析】设2PF m =，则12PF a m =-，因为1PF PQ =，所以2222QF a m m a m =--=-， 由椭圆的定义可得()12222QF a a m m =--=，因为1PQ PF ⊥，在1PFQ 中，22112QF PF =，即()22422m a m =-①， 在12PF F △中，2221212F F PF PF =+，即()22242c a m m =-+②，由①-②2⨯可得222484m c m -=-，可得m c =，③，将③代入②可得()222420c a c c =-+=，整理可得：2220e e +-=，()0,1e ∈，解得1e =. 1.【点睛】本题考查椭圆离心率的求法，属于中档题. 16．【答案】ln21-【解析】不妨设()()f m g n t ==，∴31ln 22m net -=+=，(0t >) ∴3ln m t -=，即3ln m t =+，122t n e -=⋅，故1223ln t n m e t --=⋅--(0t >)， 令()1223ln t h t et -=⋅--(0t >)，()1212t h t et-'=⋅-，()1221''20t h t e t -=⋅+>,所以()h t '在()0,∞+上是增函数，且102h ⎛⎫'= ⎪⎝⎭， 当12t >时，()0h t '>，当102t <<时，()0h t '<， 即当12t =时，()h t 取得极小值同时也是最小值，此时1123ln ln 2122h ⎛⎫⎛⎫=-+=- ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭，即n m -的最小值为ln21-，故答案为：ln21-.【点睛】本题考查利用导数求函数的最小值，考查化归转化思想与运算能力，是中档题.17．【答案】(1)18a >．(2)11 84a <≤． 【解析】(1)命题p 是真命题,则ax 2-x +16a ＞0恒成立,得到a ＞0,△=1-64a 2＜0, 即a ＞18,或a 18<（舍去）,所以a 的取值范围为18a >．（2）命题q 是真命题,不等式3x-9x＜a 对一切x ∈R 均成立,设y =3x-9x，令t =3x＞0，则y =t -t 2,t ＞0，当12t =时,111244max y =-=,所以14a >．命题“p ∨q ”为真命题,“p ∧q ”为假命题,则p ,q 一真一假．即有1184a ≤＜或a ∈∅,综上，实数a 的取值范围1184a <≤．【点睛】本题考查命题的真假的判断与应用,换元法以及二次函数的性质的应用,是基本知识的考查．18．【答案】（1）21n a n =+,2nn b =（2）()12122n n T n +=-⋅+【解析】（1）当1n =时，113a S ==，当2n ≥时，()()2211211n S n n n -=-+-=-，则121n n n a S S n -=-=+. 当1n =时，13a =满足上式，则21n a n =+.因为111b a =-，4425a b +=，所以12b =，4925b +=，所以416b =.设等比数列{}n b 的公比为q ，则34116b b q ==，解得2q，故112n nn b b q -==.（2）由（1）可得()212nn n a b n =+⋅，则23325272n T =⨯+⨯+⨯()212n n +++⋅， ① 2342325272n T =⨯+⨯+⨯()()1212212n n n n +++-⋅++⋅，② ①-②得()34116222212n n n T n ++-=++++-+⋅()11222n n +=-⋅-，故()12122n n T n +=-⋅+.【点睛】本题考查由数列的前n 项和求通项公式，考查等比数列通项公式的基本量计算，考查用错位相减法求数列的前n 项和，属于中档题. 19．【答案】(1) 3B π=; (2)(82. 【解析】(1)根据题意sinsin 2A C a b A +=，由正弦定理得sin sin sin sin 2A CA B A +=，因为0A π<<，故sin 0A >，消去sin A 得sin sin 2A CB +=． 0<B π<，02AC π+<<因为故2A C B +=或者2A CB π++=，而根据题意A BC π++=，故2A C B π++=不成立，所以2A CB +=，又因为A BC π++=，代入得3B π=，所以3B π=. (2)因为ABC 是锐角三角形，由（1）知3B π=，A BC π++=得到23A C π+=，故022032C C πππ⎧<<⎪⎪⎨⎪<-<⎪⎩，解得62C ππ<<.又应用正弦定理sin sin a cA C=，1c =， 由三角形面积公式有：222sin()111sin 3sin sin sin 222sin sin ABCC a A Sac B c B c B c C Cπ-=⋅=⋅=⋅=22sin cos cos sin 2123133(sin cos )sin 3tan 38tan C C C C C ππππ-==-=.又因,tan 623C C ππ<<>,故3188tan 82C <+<ABCS <<. 故ABCS的取值范围是 【点睛】这道题考查了三角函数的基础知识，和正弦定理或者余弦定理的使用（此题也可以用余弦定理求解），最后考查ABC 是锐角三角形这个条件的利用．考查的很全面，是一道很好的考题. 20．【答案】（1）证明见解析，（2【解析】（1）证明：连接1A B ，因为11A AB A AC ∠=∠，AB AC =，11AA AA =， 所以11A AB A AC ∆≅∆，所以11A B A C =. 因为D 为BC 的中点，所以1BC A D ⊥.因为D 为BC 的中点，且AB AC =，所以BC AD ⊥. 因为1A DAD D =，所以BC ⊥平面1A AD .（2）解：取AD 的中点O ，连接1A O ，因为1A AD ∆是等边三角形，所以1A O AD ⊥.由（1）可知BC ⊥平面1A AD ，则BC ，AD ，1A O 两两垂直，故以O 为原点，OA 所在直线为x 轴，过O 作BC 的平行线为y 轴，1OA 所在直线为z 轴建立空间直角坐标系O xyz -.因为底面ABC 是边长为4的等边三角形，所以23AD =因为1A AD ∆是等边三角形，所以13AO =. 所以)3,0,0A，()10,0,3A ，()3,2,0B -，()3,2,0C --，则()13,0,3AA =-，()23,2,0AC =--.设平面1AA C 的法向量(),,n x y z =，则13302320n AA z n AC x y ⎧⋅=-+=⎪⎨⋅=--=⎪⎩，令1z =，得()3,3,1n =-.易知平面1A AD 的一个法向量为()0,4,0BC =-，记二面角1D AA C --为θ，则cos 13413n BC n BCθ⋅===⨯， 故2213sin 1cos θθ=-=【点睛】此题考查线面垂直的证明和建立空间直角坐标系利用向量求解二面角的大小. 21.【答案】（1）(-1,0) （2）(-∞,1]. 【解析】(1)f(x)的定义域是(0,+∞),f'(x)=1x+a. ①当a ≥0时,f'(x)>0,f(x)在定义域上单调递增,不可能有两个零点; ②当a <0时,由f'(x)=1x +a =0,得x=-1a>0, 当x 10,a ⎛⎫∈-⎪⎝⎭时,f'(x)>0,f(x)在定义域上单调递增,当x 1,a ⎛⎫∈-+∞ ⎪⎝⎭时,f'(x)<0,f(x)在定义域上单调递减, ∴x=-1a时,f(x)取得极大值. ∵f(x)有两个零点,∴f 1a ⎛⎫-⎪⎝⎭>0,解得-1<a <0. ∵f 1a e e ⎛⎫=⎪⎝⎭<0,∴f(x)在10,a ⎛⎫- ⎪⎝⎭有唯一的零点; 取x 0=()2ea ->1a -,则f(x 0)=1+2ln 11e a a ⎛⎫-++ ⎪⎝⎭<2+21210e e a aa -⎛⎫--+=< ⎪⎝⎭, ∴f(x)在1,a ⎛⎫-+∞ ⎪⎝⎭有唯一的零点,∴a 的取值范围是(-1,0). (2)f(x)≤xe x恒成立,即xe x≥lnx+a x+1在(0,+∞)恒成立. 也就是a ≤ln 1xx e x x--在(0,+∞)恒成立. 令g(x)=ln 1xx e x x--,则g'(x)=e x +222ln ln x x x e x x x +=, 令h(x)=x 2e x+lnx,则h'(x)=2xe x+x 2e x+1x>0, ∴h(x)在(0,+∞)上单调递增,而h(1)=e>0,h 12110eee e⎛⎫=-< ⎪⎝⎭, ∴∃x 01,1e ⎛⎫∈ ⎪⎝⎭使得h(x 0)=0,即020xx e +ln x 0=0,∴020x x e =-001ln x x =01ln 00011lnln x e x x x =,令φ(x)=xe x , 在(0,+∞)上,φ'(x)=(x+1)e x>0,∴φ(x)在(0,+∞)上单调递增,∴x 0=ln1x , 而在(0,x 0)上,h(x)<0,即g'(x)<0,∴g (x)在(0,x 0)上单调递减, 在(x 0,+∞)上,h(x)>0,即g'(x)>0,∴g(x)在(x 0,+∞)上单调递增,∴g(x)min =g(x 0)=001ln 000000ln 111x x x x e e x x x x ---=--=,∴a ≤1.∴a 的取值范围是(-∞,1].22．【答案】（1）22142x y +=；（2）存在3t = 【解析】（1）因为OA，所以b = 因为椭圆E的焦距为2c =，即c =所以2224a b c =+=，故椭圆E 的标准方程是22142x y +=；（2）①当直线l 的斜率不存在时，因为直线l 与圆O 相切，所以直线l 的方程为x t =±，则直线l 与椭圆E的交点为,2t ⎛±⎪⎝⎭或,2t ⎛-± ⎪⎝⎭， 因为OP OQ ⊥，所以2212128204t x x y y t -+=-=，所以243t =，即3t =， ②当直线l 的斜率存在时，可设直线l 的方程为y kx m =+，()11,P x y ，()22,Q x y .联立22142x y y kx m ⎧+=⎪⎨⎪=+⎩，整理得()222214240k x kmx m +++-=， 则122421km x x k +=-+，21222421-=+m x x k ， 因为()11,P x y ，()22,Q x y 在直线l 上，所以()()()2212121212y y kx m kx m k x x km x x m =++=+++，将122421km x x k +=-+，21222421-=+m x x k 代入上式，得 ()2222212222442121k m k m y y m k k -=-+++222421m k k -=+，因为OP OQ ⊥，所以22212122224402121m m k x x y y k k --+=+=++，即()22341m k =+， 因为动直线l 与圆Ot =，所以222413m t k ==+，即t =，综上，存在3t =，使得OP OQ ⊥. 【点睛】此题考查根据椭圆的几何意义求解椭圆方程，根据直线与曲线的位置关系结合韦达定理解决探索性问题.。

2022届阶段性检测英语试题（二）第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每道题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

ASchedule an Appointment at the Center for Women's HealthPlease call your doctor's office or the clinic as far in advance as possible to schedule your appointments.This will make it easier to choose times that are most convenient for you.Be sure to register after you have scheduled your first appointment. Registration helps each clinic correctly identify you and your medical information.If your health plan restricts the clinics you can use,be sure your plan has approved the healthcare you are requesting.This will help you avoid unexpected fees.Checklist of information you will need when making an appointmentWe will ask you for the following information:Your nameYour date of birth or Social Security number(this helps ensure that your medical information is not confused with someone who has a similar name)Reasons for the appointment(be as specific as possible so that we can reserve the right amount of time for your visit)Whether you want a particular doctor or the first available appointmentCanceling an appointmentIf you cannot keep your appointment,please call your doctor's office or clinic as soon as possible or no later than the day before.We realize that sometimes emergencies come up and your plans may change.However,giving us as much notice as possible helps us better serve you and our other patients.When you call,we will help you reschedule for another day and time.1. What helps to identify you and your medical information correctly?A. Your first appointment.B. Your registration.C. Your health plan.D. Your phone call.2. What can distinguish the information of two persons with a similar name?A. The birth place.B. The Social Security number.C. The reasons for an appointment.D. The need for a particular doctor.3. What is the deadline for canceling your appointment of April 14?A. April 12.B. April 11.C. April 13.D. April 10. 【答案】1. B 2. B 3. C【解析】这是一篇应用文。

河南省鹤壁市高中2020-2021学年高二英语上学期尖子生联赛调研试题（三）第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题, 每小题2分，满分30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

ACourses & Curriculum of the College of Arts & Sciences in Cornellyouwant toplanyourcoursesoverthelongrun,you canuse the______.A.ClassB.CoursesofStudyC.CourseDesigneD.CareerCenter2. Forstudentsinvolved in an innovative classroom project, they ______.A. may study a new modelB. are on the quickest way to be expertsC. will get more freedom during research projectD. have advantages of studying outside the classroom3. The article is probably taken from ______.A. a travel magazineB. a science reportC. a college websiteD. an academic journalBVijay Gupta is known to classical music lovers across the United States. He serves as first violinist for the Los Angeles Philharmonic. In that job, he often plays to large crowds, including many very rich people. When he is not performing, he organizes concerts for homeless people. “They have reminded me why I became a musician”，he said.Last week, Gupta was recognized for being a founder and the artistic director of Street Symphony. The group has performed at homeless shelters, jails and halfway houses for about eight years. Gupta is among the 25 winners of the 2018 MacArthur Fellowship, commonly known as the “genius grant”. Each winner will receive $625，000 over five years to use as they wish. The money is coming from a private group, the John D. and Katherine T. MacArthur Foundation. It awards grants(补助金) to people whose work it considers exceptional and that “inspires hope in us all.” Gupta said he got the idea for Street Symphony while teaching Nathaniel Ayers, a trained musician whose mental illness led to homelessness.The 31－year－old grant winner said he does not know yet how he will spend the money. He has been a performer since age seven and the award will give him “space t o breathe, plan and look ahead.”Another winner is Rebecca Sandefur, an associate professor of sociology and law in the University of Illinois. The Associated Press says her research actively supports new ways to involve poor communities in the U．S. justice system.47－year－old Sandefur created the first national mapping of civil legal aid providers. It shows which states had the financial resources to provide such aid and which did not. She also found that the cost of legal services is only one of the things preventing poor people from getting lawyers. Among the others are fears about unfairness in the legal system. Sandefur noted that a lot of attention has been paid to problems with the criminal justice system, but more attention must be paid to the civil side of the law, which also affects millions of people.4. Why did Gupta win the award?A. For his achievements in classical music.B. For performing for large crowds.C. For organizing a group playing for the homeless.D. For the friendship with Nathaniel Ayers.5. What do we know about Mac Arthur Fellowship?A. It is founded by the government.B. It offers $625，000 to 25 winners in 2018.C. It allows the winners to use the money freely.D. It awards people who make great contributions to society.6. What was the extraordinary thing that Sandefur did?A. She offered legal aids to the poor freely.B. She made the legal system fairer.C. She paid more attention to the criminal justice system.D. She made it easier to get legal help for the poor.7. Which can be the best title for the passage?A. Grant Winners, Inspiring the PoorB. The City Homeless, in Need of HelpC. Vijay Gupta, an Extraordinary ViolinistD. MacArthur Foundation, Awarding Exceptional workCTheir cheery song brightens many a winter’s day.But robins are in danger of wearing themselves out by singing too much.Robins are singing all night―as well as during the day,British-based researchers say.David Dominoni,of Glasgow University,said that light from street lamps,takeaway signs and homes is affecting the birds’ biological clocks,leading to them being wide awake when they should be asleep.Dr Dominoni,who is putting cameras inside nesting boxes to track sleeping patterns,said lack of sleep could put the birds’ health at risk.His study shows th at when robins are exposed to light at night in the lab,it leads to some genes being active at the wrong time of day.And the more birds are exposed to light,the more active they are at night.He told people at a conference,“There have been a couple of stud ies suggesting they are increasing their song output at night and during the day they are still singing.Singing is a costly behaviour and it takes energy.So by increasing their song output,there might be some costs of energy.”And it is not just robins that are being kept awake by artificial light.Blackbirds and seagulls are also being more nocturnal.Dr Dominoni said,“In Glasgow where I live,gulls are a serious problem.I have people coming to me saying‘You are the bird expert.Can you help us kill these gull s?’.During the breeding(繁殖)season,between April and June,they are very active at night and very noisy and people can’t sleep.”Although Dr Dominoni has only studied light pollution,other research concluded that robins living in noisy cities have started to sing at night to make themselves heard over loud noise.However,some birds thrive(兴旺)in noisy environments.A study from California Polytechnic University found more hummingbirds in areas with heavy industrial machinery.It is thought that they are taking advantage of their predators(天敌) escaping to quieter areas.8.According to Dr Dominoni’s study,what causes robins to sing so much?A. The breeding season.B. The light in modern life.C. The dangerous environment.D. The noise from heavy machinery.9.What is the researchers’ concern over the increase of birds’ song output?A. The environment might be polluted.B.The people’s hearing might be affected.C. The industry cost might be increased.D. The birds’ health might be damaged.10.What does the underlined word“nocturnal”in Paragraph 5 mean?A. Active at night.B. Inactive at night.C. Active during the day.D. Inactive during the day.11.Why do some birds thrive in noisy environments?A. Because there are fewer dangers.B. Because there is more food to eat.C. Because there is less light pollution.D. Because there are more places to takeshelter.DBy now, we are all aware that social media has had a tremendous influence on our culture, in business, on the world-at-large. Social media websites revolutionized the way people communicate and socialize on the Web. However, aside from seeing your friends’ new baby on Facebook, or reading about Justin Bieber’s latest conflict with the law on Twitter, what are some of the real influences?Social networks offer the opportunity for people to re-connect with their old friends and acquaintances, make new friends, share ideas and pictures, and many other activities. Users can keep pace with the latest global and local developments, and participate in campaigns and activities of their choice. Professionals use social media sites like LinkedIn to enhance their career and business development. Students can work together with their peers to improve their academic and communication skills.Unfortunately there are a few downsides too to social networking. If you are not careful, immoral people can target you for cyber bullying and disturbance on social sites. School children, young girls, and women can fall victim to online attacks which can create tension and suffering. If you are a victim of cyber bullying, do not take it lying down, but try to take appropriate legal action against the attacker.Many companies have blocked social networks as addicted employees can distract themselves on such sites, instead of focusing on work. In fact, studies show that British companies have lost billions of dollars per year in productivity because of social media addiction among employees.Also, what you carelessly post on the Net can come back to trouble you. Revealing(泄露) personal information on social sites can make users vulnerable(易受伤害的)to crimes like identity theft, stalking, etc. Many companies perform a background check on the Web before hiring an employee. If a potential employee has posted something embarrassing on social media, it can greatly affect their chances of getting the job. The same holds true for our relationships too, as our loved ones and friends may get to know if we post something undesirable on social networks.Social media has its advantages and drawbacks as each coin has two sides. It isup to each user to use social sites wisely to enhance their professional and social life, and exercise caution to ensure they do not fall victim to online dangers.12. Paragraph 2 mainly shows that social networks _________.A. help students finish their homeworkB. offer professionals good chancesC. benefit users in various waysD. guide users to make right choices13. Faced with problems caused by social media, some companies ________.A. forbid the use of social networks during work timeB. avoid posting embarrassing informationC. refuse to hire potential addicted employeesD. take legal action against the attackers14. The main purpose of this passage is to _________.A. share experiences in using social mediaB. remind people to wisely use social mediaC. provide some advice on social problemsD. raise public awareness of social problems15. Which of the following shows the development of ideas in this passage?(P---point; Sp---sub-point;C---conclusion)A. B.C. D.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

鹤壁高中2020高二年级尖子生联赛调研一语文试题本试卷共22题，共150分。

考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

一、现代文阅读（36分）（一）论述类文本阅读（本题共3小题，9分）阅读下面的文字，完成下面小题。

中华文明复兴是当代中国发展的核心问题，而传承、创新和引领则是中华文明复兴的要义。

复兴的前提是传承，但传承不等于复古。

东西方文明兴衰的规律表明，文明复兴的过程必然是文明再造的过程，文明唯有再造，方可复兴。

文明的再造，是对传统文明扬弃更新的过程，既是对传统文明优秀成分的继承和升华，又须摆脱传统文明糟粕成分的禁锢和束缚。

在人类历史上，成功的文明复兴都是优化或革新传统文明而结出的甜美果实。

中华文明的复兴也不例外。

所谓“梦回唐朝”，为再现昔日荣光而回归强大的封建帝国，既不可能也不必要。

没有优秀文明传统的复现也不是复兴。

一种文明的复兴不能变成对当下强势文明的简单模仿。

舍弃自身文明的优秀传统，复制外来文明，只能让自己成为其他文明的附庸而丧失复兴的可能。

虽然在理论上很容易明白这个道理，但在实践中却极易陷入这一泥潭而不自知。

近代以来，面对西方的挑战，改良者不仅以西方文明为圭臬，而且卷入西方主导的思维模式中，在不知不觉中消解了中华文明的主体性。

一味以当下的强势文明作为模板去追赶，而不加以批判性反思和超越，根本无法实现中华文明伟大复兴。

因此，中华文明的复兴也意味着挣脱西方文明的羁绊，重建中华文明自信。

在新时代条件下，对西方文明加以创造性转化和创新性发展，也是中华文明复兴的应有之义。

文明的复兴是复现与新兴的统一。

二者相互依存，缺少任何一方都不能构成复兴。

但相比之下，后者是文明复兴更为本质的方面。

没有文明的自我创新，中华民族就不能浴火重生。

中华文明的复兴，是以文明的创新作为基本内涵的。

无论是对传统文明的再造，还是对西方文明的扬弃，指向的都是文明的创新，都是在传统文明和西方文明基础上建构新的文明。

中华文明复兴，不只是经济总量这种硬实力的复兴，也不只是硬实力加软实力的复兴，甚至也不只是文明名次跃居榜首，而更在于创造出较之现今主导文明更益于人类生存和发展的更为优越和高级的新型文明。

第一部分阅读理解（共两节，20小题，每小题2分，满分40分）第一节阅读下面短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D ）中，选出最佳选项。

（共15小题，每小题2分，共30分）AGreat Activities for Nature LoversHikingOne of the easiest and most accessible ways to get close to nature is by setting out on a good old fashioned hike. Hikin g generally doesn’t require any fancy equipment or special skills, just a piece of map and a thirst for adventure. This activity can be as relaxing as you make it.Backcountry CampingWhy limit yourself to just a day hike when you can have a full weekend or longer adventure？Backcountry Camping involves packing your tent, sleeping gear, food, and water on your back to set up camp in a remote location. If you’re an experienced hiker and camper,this is an excellent way to test your survival skills and explore the wilderness.Mountain and Road BikingUnlike long hikes through the woods, biking allows you to cover more ground and travel farther in nature. Mountain biking typically involves riding up and down steep slopes, between trees, and over rocks. If this sounds too intense or your tires aren’t suited for rugged terrain （地形）, consider taking a road bike on paved trails through forest preserves or along country roads.GardeningContrary to popular belief, you don’t have to travel beyond your own backyard to experience the beauty of nature every day. If your personality is less adventurous or your mobility is restricted, consider planting a garden to grow your own vegetables, fruits, herbs, or flowers. There’s something truly satisfying about mixin g up a salad with fresh ingredients you grew yourself. One of the best parts about spending time in nature is that it doesn’t have to break your budget and anyone can do it.1.What does hiking need for hikers？A. A world map.B. A strong desire.C. Practical skills.D. Necessary equipment.2.Where will you go to show your survival potential in the wild？A. To a backyard.B. To a forest.C. To a mountain.D. To a distant place.3.What is the advantage of enjoying the natural beauty in your garden？A. It’s popular.B. It saves money.C. It’s adventurous.D. It saves time.BAudio digital （有声数字化）books are becoming more and more popular these years. One of the reasons for this is that audio digital b ooks can be “read” in many places comfortably.The first favorite place for many people is in bed, before going to sleep. There are nights when a person would want to do nothing but lie in bed going over what has happened in the day. Many people like to just lie in bed in the dark before they fall asleep at night. This would be the perfect time to listen to an audio digital book. If you read an ordinary book, the lights have tobe turned on and you have to turn the pages with your hand. An audio book can just be listened to while a person stays comfortably in bed.The next favorite place to listen to audio digital books would be in the kitchen. For some people kitchen work is boring. Audio digital books provide good entertainment, and people don’t need t o turn pages.An audio digital book is a favorite while a person is gardening. They can help take a person’s mind off job at hand. It can be fun and exciting to do gardening with the help of these books. Another great place would be while exercising. It allows the mind to be free while the legs, body and arms are kept busy. This would be a great place to listen to these books.The next favorite place would be while we are on the road to and from work on buses, trains or even on long flights. Audio digital books have become good companions and help us relaxed.4.What does the second paragraph mainly tells us？A. A favorite place to listen to audio digital books is in bed.B. It’s the perfect time to listen to an audio digital book at noon.C. You can listen to an audio digital book comfortably at home.D. You have to keep the lights on while reading ordinary books.5.Why do some people like listening to audio digital books in the kitchen？A. The kitchen is the best place to do this.B. It can help them avoid boredom.C. They can sing to the music.D. It can save power.6.Why does a person “read” an audio digital book while exercising？A. To lose weight easily.B. To keep his body busy.C. To relax his mind.D. To reduce pain quickly.7.Where does the text probably come from？A. An announcement.B. A book review.C. A guidebook.D. A science magazine.CIt used to be mostly the army that used small, unpiloted aircraft, called “drones”. The little planes were very costly. But as they have dropped in price, more people have begun to use them.The fast rate of development of computer technology, image sensing equipment, satellite navigation and smart phones has led to lower-priced drones. Researchers and developers have learned how to build smaller and less costly drones. Nowadays, moviemakers are using drones to film from the sky. Historians use them when they explore ancient buildings. Rescue workers use them to look for people. And now farmers are also using them to watch over their crops. Romain Faroux is a French businessman, whose father was a farmer. He believed drones could help farmers. He has helped create a company which has developed a small drone that could be controlled by people on the ground. It's called “Agridrone”. It uses a special sensor to examine crops. The technology used on the drone is similar to that used on a smart phone—except it has wings. A computer program directs the drone to fly over the crops. The sensor on the drone records four different-colored “bands” of sunlight that are reflected off the crops.Jean-Baptiste Bruggeman is another farmer in France who is using a drone. He says the drone flies over his crops at different times of the season and provides a lot of informationabout his crops. The pictures taken by the drone show him the exact amount of fertilizer the crops need. It also shows exactly where the fertilizer is needed.Romain Faroux says farmers use information provided by the Agridrone to place fertilizer only in areas where it is needed. This saves money and reduces pollution. Before they used the drones, farmers would put the same amount of fertilizer everywhere. Drones also save time because farmers can examine up to three hectares （英亩） in about a minute.8.Why do rescue workers and farmers begin to use drones？A. Because they are affordable now.B. Because their sizes have become smaller.C. Because they can save people a lot of time.D. Because the technology has been developed.9.What is the sensor on the drone mainly used for？A.Helping the sunlight shine on the crops.B. Directing the wings to fly over the crops.C. Examining the different colors of the crops.D. R ecording the sunlight “bands” reflected off the crops.10.What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 3 probably refer to？A. A smart phone.B. A sensor.C. A drone.D. A band.11.What is the main idea of the text？A. Crops will be harvested by drones soon.B. Drones will be widely used in different fields.C. French farmers use drones to examine their crops.D. Farmers develop special drones for their crops.DPassenger pigeons（旅鸽） once flew over much of the United States in unbelievable numbers. Written accounts from the 18th and 19th centuries described flocks so large that they darkened the sky for hours.It was calculated that when its population reached its highest point, there were more than 3 billion passenger pigeons—a number equal to 24 to 40 percent of the total bird population in the United States, making it perhaps the most abundant bird in the world. Even as late as 1870 when their numbers had already become smaller, a flock believed to be 1 mile wide and 320 miles （about 515 kilometers） long was seen near Cincinnati.Sadly, the abundance of passenger pigeons may have been their undoing. Where the birds were most abundant, people believed there was an ever-lasting supply and killed them by the thousands. Commercial hunters attracted them to small clearings with grain, until pigeons had settled to feed, then threw large nets over them, taking hundreds at a time. The birds were shipped to large cities and sold in restaurants.By the closing decades of the 19th century, the hardwood forests where passenger pigeons nested had been damaged by Americans’ need for wood, which scattered（驱散） the flocks and forced the birds to go farther north, where cold temperatures and spring storms contributed to their decline. Soon the great flocks were gone, never to be seen again.In 1897, the state of Michigan passed a law prohibiting the killing of passenger pigeons but by then, no sizable flocks had been seen in the state for 10 years. The last confirmed wild pigeon in the United States was shot by a boy in Pike County, Ohio, in 1900. For a time, a few birdssurvived under human care. The last of them, known affectionately as Martha, died at the Cincinnati Zoological Garden on September 1,1914.12.In the 18th and early 19th centuries, passenger pigeons _______.A. were the biggest bird in the worldB. lived mainly in the south of AmericaC. did great harm to the natural environmentD. were the largest population in the US13.The underlined word “undoing” probably refers to the pigeons’ _______.A. escapeB. ruinC. liberationD. evolution14.What was the main reason for people to kill passenger pigeons？A. To seek pleasure.B. To save other birds.C. To make money.D. To protect crops.15.What can we infer about the law passed in Michigan？A. It was ignored by the public.B. It was declared too late.C. It was unfair.D. It was strict.第二节（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。

河南省顶尖名校高二年级尖子生联赛调研二英语试卷2020.12.第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

ANew Scientist EventInstant Expert— How Your Brain WorksSaturday, 20 May 2017 from 10:00 to 17:00London, United KingdomEver wondered how your brain works? How that stuff in your head enables you to see, hear and think about the world around you, make decisions and act on them? Join six leading scientists to explore what we know about the most difficult kilo of matter in the universe.The day will be chaired by psychologist and presenter of BBC Radio 4’s All in the mind，Claudia Hammond.Overview:The brain has long been a source of fascination. In 1819, the radical(激进的）thinker and surgeon William Lawrence put it like this: It’s strong ly suspected that a Newton or Shakespeare excels other men only ... by having an extra inch of brain in the right place.Today, many such suspicions are certainties. This event will introduce you to the evolution of the brain. We’ll study technique for co ntrolling the brain using electric and magnetic fields, as well as the latest technologies that follow you to control the outside world using your mind alone.Topics covered will include:Evolution of the brainHow memory makes us humanEmotionSleep and brainBooking information:The event will be held in Brunei Auditorium at RCGP/30 Euston Square. And doors to theAuditorium will open at 9:15 am.We require the name of each person attending — please ensure this is provided at the time of booking.The schedule for the day will be confirmed closer to the event, and will be emailed to all ticket holders.A minimum of 100 early bird discounted tickets are available priced at ￡129 (saving ￡20 on the full ticket price of ￡149).1. What can attendees learn from the event?A. How much their brain weighs.B. How their sleep is related to their brainC. Whether they can act on decisions they made.D. How their brain is controlled by electric and magnetic fields.2. What can we infer from what William Lawrence said?1A. There will be no another Newton or Shakespeare.B. The brain of a Newton or Shakespeare is different from that of others'.C. The more you use your brain, the more intelligent you will be.D. No one can explain why people like Newton and Shakespeare are more intelligent than others.3. When people book tickets, they are _____ .A. required to offer their email addressB. likely to be told the schedule for the eventC. required to decide when to enter the AuditoriumD. likely to enjoy a discount if they promise to come to the event earlyBAre you taking a summer vacation this year? If you are, have you already started preparing for your trip? Online, there are a large number of preparation tips available for summer travelers. While preparation advice and tips may be of assistance to you, they are often hard to go by. This is because not everyone spends vacations at the same location.No matter what your vacation destination is, you will need to take the climate into consideration. If you are visiting a tropical location, you will need to bring along the appropriate clothing. While you may be expecting warm and sunny weather, it is still advised that you prepare for the worst. Raincoats and an umbrella may be a great addition to your summer clothing.Perhaps, the most popular summer vacation destination is the beach. Each year millions of individuals and families flock to beaches. When vacationing at the beach, it is important that you bring along proper clothing and sunscreen. Many vacationers do not realize the dangers of sunbathing without sunscreen. In addition to sunscreen, you will need to make sure that you have beach towels and plenty of water on hand.For the most part, if you forget to bring along certain supplies you can purchase replacements. Many popular vacation destinations have inflated prices. To prevent unnecessary expenses, you are encouraged to check your luggage before you leave. In addition to the above mentioned preparation tips, you must inform friends and family of where you are going. In case something happens back home, you can easily be reached.4. In the passage the author intends to _____A. give advice on how to prepare for vacationB. make a plan for his summer vacationC. share his experience about summer vacationD. warn readers against cheaters during vacation5. As for the preparation advice and tips online, _____.A. they are useful as well as practicalB. they are designed to cheat travelersC. they may make you puzzled in a wayD. they can include all the destinations6. If you travel to a tropical country, _____.A. you must consider the climate firstB. you should wear shorts and T-shirtsC. you must prepare proper clothesD. you should expect the sunny weather7. According to the passage we can know that _____.A. vacationing at the beach is the first but oneB. vacationers on beach are at the risk of sunburnC. you must drink plenty of water before going to beachD. you have to stay outdoors when going campingCHave your parents ever inspected your room to see if you cleaned it properly?Imagine having your entire house,garage,and yard inspected at any time―with no warning.Inspections were a regular part of lighthouse(灯2塔)living,and a keeper’s reputation depended on the results.A few times each year,an inspector arrived to look over the entire light station.The inspections were supposed to be a surprise,but keepers sometimes had advance notice. Once lighthouses had telephones,keepers would call each other to warn that the inspector was approaching.After boats began flying special flags noting the inspector was aboard,the keeper’s family made it a game to see who could notice the boat first.As soon as someone spotted the boat,everyone would do last-minute tidying and change into fancy clothes.The keeper then scurried to put on his dress uniform and cap.Children of keepers remember inspectors wearing white gloves to run their fingers over door frames and windowsills looking for dust. Despite the serious nature of inspections,they resulted in some funny moments.Betty Byrnes remembered when her mother did not have time to wash all the dishes before an inspection.At the time,people did not have dishwashers in their homes.In an effort to clean up quickly,Mrs.Byrnes tossed all the dishes into a big bread pan,covered them with a cloth,and stuck them in the oven.If the inspector opened the oven door,it would look like bread was baking.He never did.One day,Glenn Furst’s mother put oil on the kitchen floor just before the inspector entered their house.Like floor wax,the oil made the floors shiny and helped protect the wood.This time,though,she used a little too much oil.When the inspector extended his hand to greet Glenn’s mother,he slipped on the freshly oiled surface.“He came across that floor waving his arms like a young bird attempting its first flight,”Glenn later wrote.After he steadied himself,he shook Glenn’s mother’s hand,and the inspection continued as though nothing had happened.8.What does Paragraph 1 tell us about the inspection at the light station?A. It was carried out once a year.B. It was often announced in advance.C. It was important for the keeper’s fame.D. It was focused on the garage and yard.9.The family began making preparations immediately after .A. one of the members saw the boatB. a warning call reached the lighthouseC. the keeper put on the dress uniform and capD. the inspector flew special flags in the distance10.If the inspector had opened the oven door,he would have seen .A. an empty panB. many clean dishesC. pieces of baked breadD. a cloth covering something11.The inspector waved his arms .A. to try his best to keep steadyB. to show his satisfaction with the floorC. to extend a warm greeting to Glenn’s motherD. to express his intention to continue the inspectionDThe twentieth century saw greater changes than any century before: changes for the better, changes for the worse; changes that brought a lot of benefits to human beings, changes that put man in danger. Many things caused the changes, but, in my opinion, the most important was the progress in science.Scientific research in physics and biology has vastly broadened our views. It has given us a deeper knowledge of the structure of matter and of the universe; it has brought us a better understanding of the nature of life and of its continuous development. Technology in the application of science has made big advances that have benefited us in nearly every part of life.3The continuation of such activities in the twenty-first century will result in even greater advantages to human beings: in pure science — a wider and deeper knowledge in all fields of learning; in applied science — a more reasonable sharing of material benefits, and better protection of the environment.Sadly, however, there is another side to the picture. The creativity of science has been employed in doing damage to mankind. The application of science and technology to the development and production of weapons of mass destruction has created a real danger to the continued existence of the human race on this planet. We have seen this happen in the case of nuclear weapons. Although their actual use has so far occurred only in the Second World War, the number of nuclear weapons that were produced and made ready for use was so large that if the weapons had actually been used, the result could have been the ruin of the human race, as well as of many kinds of animals.William Shakespeare said, “The web o f our life is of a mingled yarn (纱线), good and ill together.” The above brief review of the application of only one part of human activities—science seems to prove what Shakespeare said. But does it have to be so? Must the ill always go together with the good? Are we biologically programmed for war?12.What is the main idea of the whole passage?A.The potential use of nuclear weapons.B.The development of science is a double-edged sword.C.The progress in the development of science.D.A real concern—must the ill go hand in hand with the good in the development of science?13. From the fourth paragraph, we can infer that________.A. a great many nuclear weapons were actually used for warB. a large number of nuclear weapons should have been used for warC. the author is anxious about the huge number of nuclear weapons on the earthD. the author is doubtful about the ruin of human beings by nuclear weapons14. The underlined word “mingled” in the last paragraph most probably means________.A. mixedB. fixedC. doubleD. thick1 5. What do you think the author is most likely to suggest if he continues to write?A. Further application of science to war.B. More reading of William Shakespeare.C. Proper use of science in the new century.D. Effective ways to separate the good from the ill.第二节（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的7个选项中为每空选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。