纵隔病变的CT诊断
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纵隔型肺癌的CT诊断与鉴别诊断发表时间:2019-04-09T14:50:21.020Z 来源:《医师在线》2018年24期作者:张蕊杨经伟时倩倩张娜娜乔阿龙张磊袁玉[导读] 近年来随着工业化进程加速带来的环境污染导致肺癌的发病率越来越高,当今肺癌发病率在男性中己占第一位,严重的威胁到人类的生存健康[1]。
(阜阳市人民医院;安徽阜阳 236001)【摘要】目的:分析纵隔型肺癌的CT表现特征,探讨纵隔型肺癌与纵隔肿瘤的CT鉴别诊断要点,以提高影像诊断的准确率、减少误诊。
方法:回顾性分析20例经影像学诊断为纵隔型肺癌的CT影像表现,观察病变生长部位、形态、边缘及肺内改变等影像学表现。
结果:经病理学证实纵隔型肺癌共有16例,误诊4例,其中磷癌11例,小细胞癌2例,腺癌3例。
误诊病例经病理证实为淋巴瘤、胸腺瘤、孤立性纤维瘤;16例纵隔型肺癌的肿块大部分紧贴纵隔生长或大部分位于纵隔内,前上纵隔13例,中纵隔4例,下纵隔3例,前中纵隔5例,后纵隔2例;12例呈不规则状,其中8例肿瘤边缘呈分叶状、瘤肺界面毛糙,4例呈类圆形或椭圆形,较光整,4例可见典型短毛刺或棘状突起,11例密度不均、增强后不均匀强化、其中6例病灶中央明显液化坏死,9例有邻近胸膜凹陷征。
结论:纵隔型肺癌虽易误诊,但其CT表现仍具有一定特征性,认真分析其影像学表现结合该病的相关临床特点,可提高对该病诊断的准确率;其病理类型可能与地域有相关性。
【关键词】肺癌纵隔型计算机断层扫描CT Diagnosis and Differential Diagnosis of Peripheral Lung Cancer of Mediastinal Type ZHANG RUI YANG JINGWEI SHI QIANQIAN ZHANG NANA QIAO ALONG ZHANG LEI YUAN YUSHAN* Department of Radiology, People's hospotal of Fu Yang, An Hui, China 236001 Corresponding author: YUAN YUSHAN【Abstract】Object The CT features of mediastinal lung cancer were analyzed, and the differential diagnosis of mediastinal lung cancer and mediastinal tumor was discussed in order to improve the accuracy of imaging diagnosis and reduce the misdiagnosis. Method The CT images of 20 cases of mediastinal lung cancer diagnosed by imaging were analyzed retrospectively, and the imaging findings of the lesions, morphology, edge and pulmonary changes were observed. Results Pathologically confirmed 16 cases of mediastinal lung cancer, 4 cases were misdiagnosed, including 11 cases of phosphorus cancer, 2 cases of small cell carcinoma and 3 cases of adenocarcinoma. The misdiagnosed cases were confirmed by pathology as lymphoma, thymoma, solitary fibrous tumor and . 16 cases of mediastinal lung cancer were mostly close to mediastinal growth or most of mediastinum, 13 cases were superior mediastinum, 4 mediastinal mediastinum, 3 cases of inferior mediastinum, 5 cases of anterior mediastinum, 2 cases of posterior mediastinum, 12 cases irregular, of which 8 cases of tumor marginal. 4 cases were round or oval, 4 cases were round or oval, 4 cases of typical short hair thorns or spinous protuberances, 11 cases of uneven density, enhanced uneven enhancement, 6 cases of central clear liquefaction necrosis, 9 cases with adjacent pleural indentation. Conclusion Although the mediastinal lung cancer is easy to be misdiagnosed, its CT performance is still characteristic. It can improve the diagnostic accuracy of the disease with serious analysis of its imaging features combined with the clinical features of the disease, and its pathological type may be related to the region.Key words: Lung Cancer Mediastinal Type CT [ 中图分类号 ]R2 [ 文献标号 ]A [ 文章编号 ]2095-7165(2018)24-0243-02近年来随着工业化进程加速带来的环境污染导致肺癌的发病率越来越高,当今肺癌发病率在男性中己占第一位,严重的威胁到人类的生存健康[1]。
前纵隔原发占位性病变的CT诊断摘要】目的:探讨前纵隔占位性病变的CT特征性表现,提高前纵隔病变的CT诊断水平。
方法:参照病理结果,对45例前纵隔病变的CT表现进行回顾性分析,总结不同病变的影像特点。
【关键词】纵隔;前纵隔病变;CT诊断;胸腺瘤【中图分类号】R445 【文献标识码】A 【文章编号】2095-1752(2015)09-0154-021.资料与方法1.1 研究对象收集自2010年7月-2013年7月我院行胸部CT检查,并经随访病理证实的前纵隔占位性病变共45例,其中男性24例,女性21例,年龄22-74岁,平均年龄45岁。
临床症状多种多样,包括胸痛、胸闷、心前区不适、气喘等。
1.2 扫描方式1.2.1 扫描方法检查患者仰卧位,头先进,双手抱头,充分暴露胸部,其余部分予以铅衣覆盖,进行胸部常规扫描。
设定参数层厚及层间距5mm,螺距1.375,管电压120KV,管电流350mA,范围从胸廓入口至肺底,吸气末屏气,进行扫描。
常规扫描后进行强化扫描,肘前静脉高压注射碘对比剂80ml,注射速度为3ml/s,分别于触发后20s,65s和250s进行动脉期、静脉期以及延迟期扫描。
扫描结束,鼓励患者多喝水,促进造影剂尽快排泄。
1.2.2 图像处理将常规扫描和强化扫描所得图像传到PACS工作站进行后处理,比如重建扫描、多平面重组及最大密度投影,由两位有经验的CT诊断医师进行双盲法分析,做出评价。
2.结果本组病例共有45例,经病理证实胸腺增生1例,胸腺囊肿2例,胸腺瘤27例,胸腺癌2例;囊性淋巴管瘤2例,淋巴瘤3例, Castleman病1例,畸胎瘤3例,孤立性纤维瘤1例,胸骨后甲状腺肿1例,纵隔脓肿血肿各1例。
各病例CT表现如下:2.1 胸腺病变2.1.1 胸腺增生CT显示正常胸腺区均匀软组织密度影,边界清晰,胸腺弥漫性增大。
2.1.2 胸腺囊肿男女各有1例。
CT显示胸腺区单房性囊性肿块,边缘光滑,边界清,1例圆形,1例形态不规则,未产生压迫效应,强化扫描病灶未见强化。
第35卷第3期长治医学院学报2021年6月JOURNAL OF CHANGZHI MEDICAI COLLEGE Vol.35No.3 Jun.2021208纵隔纤维化的CT诊断与鉴别诊断司慧勇赵瑞峰来卫忠李海学索巍李杰摘要目的:探讨纵隔纤维化的CT临床表现特征。
方法:回顾性分析经临床确诊的9例纵隔纤维化患者胸部CT影像资料,分别就病变形态、受累范围、是否伴有肿块、钙化、气道狭窄、肺动脉高压以及肺不张等临床表现进行总结。
结果:CT表现为纵隔内脂肪密度消失,被软组织影代替;不定型软组织密度影,多围绕支气管血管束分布(束管征);伴或不伴淋巴结肿大、钙化;继发多叶段的支气管及肺动脉狭窄,并发肺不张及肺动脉高压。
结论:纵隔纤维化有一定的表现特征,CT检查可以做出定性诊断,但需要和侵袭性胸腺瘤或胸腺癌、纵隔淋巴瘤、结节病、支气管内膜结核等进行鉴别。
关键词纵隔纤维化;CT表现;鉴别诊断中图分类号R543.6文献标识码A文章编号1006(2021)03-208-03CT Diagnosis and Differential Diagnosis of Mediastinal FibrosisSI Huiyong,ZHAO Ruifeng,LAI Weizhong,et alDepartment of Radiology,Jin Cheng Genral HospitalAbstract Objective:To explore the CT clinical manifestations of mediastinal fibrosis.Methods:The chest CT imaging data of 9clinically diagnosed patients w让h mediastinal fibrosis were retrospectively analyzed,The morphology of the lesion,the extent of involvement,whether accompanied by mass,calcification,airway stenosis,pulmonary hypertension and atelectasis were summarized. Results:CT showed that fat density disappeared in mediastinum and was replaced by soft tissue shadow;atypical soft tissue density shadow,mostly distributed around the bronchial vascular bundle(bundle sign);with or without lymph node enlargement and calcification;secondary bronchial and pulmonary artery stenosis,atelectasis and pulmonary hypertension.Conclusion:Mediastinal fibrosis has certain characteristics.CT examination can make qualitative diagnosis,but it needs to be differentiated from invasive thymoma or thymic cancer,mediastinal lymphoma,sarcoidosis,endobronchial tuberculosis,etc.Key words mediastinal fibrosis,CT findings,differential diagnosis纵隔纤维化(mediastinal fibrosis),也称为纤维素性纵隔炎(fibrosing mediastinitis)或硬化性纵隔炎(sclerosing mediastinitis),是一种相对少见、预后较差的良性病变。
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文档下载后可定制修改,请根据实际需要进行调整和使用,谢谢!本店铺为大家提供各种类型的实用资料,如教育随笔、日记赏析、句子摘抄、古诗大全、经典美文、话题作文、工作总结、词语解析、文案摘录、其他资料等等,想了解不同资料格式和写法,敬请关注!Download tips: This document is carefully compiled by this editor. I hope that after you download it, it can help you solve practical problems. The document can be customized and modified after downloading, please adjust and use it according to actual needs, thank you! In addition, this shop provides you with various types of practical materials, such as educational essays, diary appreciation, sentence excerpts, ancient poems, classic articles, topic composition, work summary, word parsing, copy excerpts, other materials and so on, want to know different data formats and writing methods, please pay attention!肺癌纵隔淋巴结转移CT诊断标准肺癌是全球范围内最常见的恶性肿瘤之一,其转移是影响患者生存和治疗方案的重要因素之一。
临床胸部CT检查报告解读一、扫描结果概述本报告对受检者进行了胸部CT扫描,旨在评估胸部病变情况。
扫描结果显示,受检者肺脏、纵隔、胸膜、胸壁、肋骨及胸椎等部位存在不同程度病变。
二、肺部病变1. 肺内结节:扫描结果显示,受检者肺内存在多个结节,直径最大者为XXXmm。
根据结节的大小、形态、边缘及内部结构,考虑为良性结节的可能性较大,但仍需进一步检查以确定诊断。
2. 肺炎:扫描结果显示,受检者肺部存在炎症病变,局部可见实变影,边缘模糊。
结合受检者的临床表现和实验室检查,考虑为肺炎。
3. 肺气肿:扫描结果显示,受检者肺泡管、肺泡囊及肺泡明显扩张,考虑为肺气肿。
三、纵隔病变1. 纵隔淋巴结肿大:扫描结果显示,受检者纵隔淋巴结肿大,最大直径约为XXXmm。
根据淋巴结的形态、大小及分布情况,考虑为炎性增生可能性大,但仍需进一步检查以明确诊断。
2. 胸腺瘤:扫描结果显示,受检者胸腺部位存在占位性病变,考虑为胸腺瘤。
建议进一步检查以明确诊断,并评估病变性质。
四、胸膜病变1. 胸腔积液:扫描结果显示,受检者胸腔内存在积液,局部可见液性暗区。
结合受检者的临床表现和实验室检查,考虑为胸腔积液。
2. 胸膜钙化:扫描结果显示,受检者局部胸膜存在钙化灶,考虑为陈旧性结核病变所致。
五、胸壁病变1. 肋骨骨折:扫描结果显示,受检者肋骨局部存在骨折线,考虑为肋骨骨折。
2. 胸壁软组织肿胀:扫描结果显示,受检者胸壁局部软组织肿胀,考虑为软组织炎症所致。
六、肋骨及胸椎病变1. 肋骨骨折:扫描结果显示,受检者肋骨局部骨皮质不连续,考虑为肋骨骨折。
骨折端未见明显移位。
2. 胸椎间盘突出:扫描结果显示,受检者胸椎间盘局部突出于正常椎间盘之外,考虑为胸椎间盘突出。
建议进一步检查以明确诊断。
七、心脏及大血管病变1. 主动脉粥样硬化:扫描结果显示,受检者主动脉局部管壁增厚、毛糙,考虑为主动脉粥样硬化。
建议进一步检查以明确诊断。
2. 心腔扩张:扫描结果显示,受检者心腔扩张,局部可见液性暗区,考虑为心腔扩张。