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Unit 2words and expressions1.struggle Vi eg: The little boy struggled with the thief bravely.They had to struggle with/against all kinds of difficulties.She struggled to keep back the tears.He has been struggling for success in business.=He has been struggling to succeed in his business.为了事业的成功，他一直努力奋斗着。
n. eg: After a long struggle ,she gained control of the business.Her struggle with the disease lasted ten years.高考连接：The children talked so loudly at dinner table that I had to struggle ______.A to be heardB to have heardC hearingD being heard2.hunger n[U]eg: In those days ,many persons died of hunger .（死于饥饿）[C] 欲望，渴望eg: The child has a strong hunger for knowledge.强烈的求知欲The whole world has a hunger for peace.v. hunger to do sth. 渴望干某事 hunger for sth.渴望得到某物eg: The whole world hungers for peace.3.disturbing adj. disturb v. disturbedadj.eg: The news from the front is disturbing.The disturbing news soon got around the town.I am sorry to disturb you so early.They were all disturbed by the disturbing news ; that is ,the news disturbed all of them.S he was disturbed about her mother’s sudden illness.I felt disturbed to hear of your illness.4.expand eg:The eagle expanded his wings.He is thinking of expanding his business.Metals expand when they are heated .Our foreign trade has expanded greatly in recent years.In ten years ,the city’s population expanded by 10%.搭配expand …. in/into…..把….扩展. expand on/upon 详细阐明Eg: He expanded his short story into a novel.I don’t understand your reasoning. Can you expand on it?5.thanks to eg; Thanks to your timely help, I managed to finish the work on time.It was thanks to his advice that I succeeded.表示“原因”的介词短语还有：due to（一般不放于句首） ; as a result of ,because of ;owing to ； on account of; in that(引导原因状语从句)eg：The accident was due to his careless driving .Owing to your timely help, we finished the work ahead of time.As a result of the bad weather ,the football match was put off.His request is unreasonable in that he knows we can't afford it.We delayed our departure on account of the bad weather.6.rid……of eg：You should rid yourself of the bad habit.We try to rid the house of mice.拓展get/be rid of 摆脱；除掉eg:I can’t get rid of this headache.She was glad to be rid of him.：warn sb. of sth.; inform sb. of sth. ; cure sb. of sth. ; rob sb.of sth.;7.be satisfied with eg:I was satisfied/pleased/content with the result.be satisfied to do 对做某事感到满意eg: He was satisfied to win the race.拓展: Some people are hard to satisfy.(vt)There was a satisfied look on his face.(adj)The answer was quite satisfying /satisfactory to him.(adj.)To our satisfaction, he accepted our invitation.(n.)8 .would rather eg: I would rather play football this afternoon, if you don’t mind.I’d rather not let him know the truth.Would you rather stay here or go home?I would rather stay at home than go out. =I would stay at home rather than go out.would rather 后跟从句时，表示主语宁愿让某人做某事，从句用虚拟语气即用一般过去时表示与现在或将来事实相反；用过去完成时表示与过去事实相反。
Unit 2Working the landⅠ.写作单词——会拼写1．struggle v i.&n. 斗争；拼搏；努力2．expand v t.&v i. 使变大；伸展3．rid v t.摆脱；除去4．regret v t.遗憾；惋惜n. 遗憾；懊悔5．focus n. 焦点；中心点v t.集中；聚焦6．reduce v t.减少；减缩7．comment n. 评论；议论v i.&v t. 表达意见；作出评论8．therefore ad v. 因此；所以；因而9．disturb v t.扰乱；打扰→disturbed adj.烦恼的→disturbing adj.引起烦恼的；令人不安的10．circulate v t.&v i. 循环；流传→circulation n. 循环11．free adj.自由的→freedom n. 自由；自主12．equip v t.&v i. 配备；装备→equipment n. 设备(不可数)13．confuse v t.使迷惑；使为难→confusing adj.令人迷惑的→confused adj.感到迷惑的→confusion n. 迷惑14．export v t.&v i. 输出；出口→import (反义词)v t.&v i. 输入；进口15．discover v t.发现；发觉→discovery n. 发现；发觉16．occupy v t.占领；占据→occupation n．工作；职业；占领Ⅱ.阅读单词——要识记17．Statistic n．(常用pl.statistics)数据；统计；统计数字；统计资料18．battle n. 战役；战斗；较量；斗争v t.&v i. 搏斗；奋斗19．hunger n. 饥饿；欲望v t.&v i. (使)饥饿20．Production n. 生产；制造21．skim v t.浏览；略读22．nationality n. 国籍23．Underline v t.画底线标出；强调24．summary n. 总结；摘要；概要高频短语——会默写1．thanks to 幸亏；由于；因为2．rid...of 摆脱；除去3．would rather 宁愿；宁可4．build up 逐渐增强；建立；开发5．be satisfied with 对……感到满意6．lead to 导致；造成(后果)7．focus on 集中(注意力、精力等)于8．keep...free from/of 使……免受(影响、伤害等)；使……不含(有害物)教材原句——会背诵句式仿写——能应用1.If so，what did you do to grow them？(if so 状语从句的省略形式) 1.这个周日你有空吗？如果有，我们去野营吧。
必修四Unit 2 Working the Land耕耘II．Reading A PIONEER FOR ALL PEOPLE所有人的开拓者Although he is one of China’s most famous scientists, Yuan Longping considers himself a farmer, for he works the land to do his research.尽管袁隆平是一位中国最著名的科学家，但他却认为自己是一位农民，因为为了研究他要耕耘。
【注释：for引导的分句通常对前一个分句所说的话加以解释，提供判断的理由，但这个理由并非是真正的内在的原因。
如：The day breaks, for the birds are singing.天亮了，因为鸟在歌唱。
试题：It’s dark now, _____ the street lights are on. A. because B. as C. since D. for 】Indeed, his sunburnt face and arms and his slim, strong body a re just like those of millions of Chinese farmers, for whom he has struggled for the past five decades.的确，他那黑黝黝的脸庞和胳膊以及他那瘦小而强壮的身躯正像千千万万个中国农民一样，就是为他们，他已经奋斗了五十年。
【注释：①be like象：以…的典型方式eg. It's not like you to take offense.你不象会发脾气的人. ②struggle for为…而斗争；struggle to do sth.艰难地做某事，挣扎做某事；struggle against与…作斗争；struggle with和…作斗争；struggle to on e’s knees挣扎着跪下；struggle to one’s feet挣扎着站起来；struggle through the snowstorm 冒着暴风雪前进；struggle on挣扎着；坚持下去；eg. 1) He struggled for the national independence.他为民族的独立而奋斗。
Unit2 Reading 重难点词汇详解1. struggle n. &vi. 斗争；拼搏；努力教材原文Indeed, his sunburnt face and arms and his slim, strong body are just like those of millions of Chinese farmers, for whom he has struggled for the past five decades. 的确，他那被太阳晒黑的脸庞和手臂以及他那瘦削而结实的身躯，就跟其他千百万中国农民一样，在过去50年里，他一直在努力帮助他们。
经典例句①After 6 years’ struggle, people in Wenchuan are living a normal life now.经过六年的努力，现在的汶川人民的生活步入了正轨。
②We've all been there: in a lift, in line at the bank or on an airplane, surrounded by people who are, like us, deeply focused on their smartphones or, worse, struggling with the uncomfortable silence. 我们都有过这样的经历：在电梯里，在银行排队，或者在飞机上，周围都是像我们一样深切专注智能手机的人，或者，更糟糕的是，在令人不安的沉默中挣扎。
③They had to struggle for their lives against weather and wild animals.为了生存，他们必须和天气和野兽做斗争。
④There were no signs of a struggle at the murder scene.凶杀现场没有搏斗痕迹。
人教版课标新教材选择性必修4Unit 2 ICONIC ATTRACTIONS单元练习题【必做题】I. 选用合适的单词并用其正确形式填空。
1. foundation, distribution, sessiona. The map shows the __________ of this species across the world.b. A question-and-answer __________ will be held after the lecture on iconic attractions in this area.c. The __________ will have to be strengthened to prevent the building from sinking further into the ground.2. sponsor, equatora. The activity aims to protect the iconic animal and the organizers are trying to attract __________.b. His hometown is a small village near the __________ and there are many unique animals.3. frequency, capacitya. I'm quite pleased that we do have the __________ to produce that much food.b. Fatal accidents have decreased in __________ over recent years.II. 选用方框内合适的单词并用其正确形式填空（每个单词限用一次）。
1. The teachers are given complete __________ in their choice of teaching methods.2. I prefer to see these animals in their natural __________, rather than in zoos.3. When the ship reached Cape Town, we said a(n) __________ goodbye.4. The incident brought the problem of __________ in schools into sharp focus.5. Villagers say the __________ would restrict public access to the hills.6. This __________ building in the center of town used to be the center of the people's social life.III. 用括号内动词的正确形式填空。
Book 4 Unit 2重点短语讲解1. Dr Yuan searched for a way to increase rice harvests without expanding the area of the fields. (P10)【归纳】search for 意思是“寻找，搜寻”。
【延伸】search into调查；search out寻找到；search through 把……仔细搜寻一遍；search one’s memory 寻思，追忆；search one’s heart 扪心自问；in search of 寻找，寻求。
【易错点】search some place意为“在某地搜查”；search for sth 意为“寻找某物”；如：s earch sb 搜身；search for sb 寻找某人。
2. Dr Yuan is quite satisfied with his life. (P10)【归纳】be satisfied with意为“对……感到满意”。
【延伸】to one’s satisfaction 使某人满意的是；in satisfaction 满意地；satisf y sb that使相信……；satisfie d one’s doubt消除某人的疑虑。
【易错点】satisfactory / satisfy-ing：都是“令人（感觉到）满意的”意思，其句中的主语或修饰的名词大都是表示事物的名词，两者一般可以换用。
而satisfied意为“满意的”，是人的主观感受，其句中的主语或修饰的名词一般都是表示人的名词。
3. He would much rather keep time for his hobbies. (P10)【归纳】would rather意思是“宁愿”，后接动词原形，没有人称和数的变化。
【延伸】would rather do宁愿做某事；would rather have done表示过去的想法，通常可译为“(本来)宁愿做某事；I’d rather not，表示委婉的不同意，意为“我宁愿不……”；prefer to do rather than do宁愿……而不愿……；prefer doing to doing宁愿……而不愿……。
A Pioneer For All People于美华山东昌邑市文山中学在素质教育新形势下，要求建立以学生为主体，教师为主导的新型课堂。
倡导以小组互助型学习模式，以实现学生主体，教师主导的新型师生关系，激发学生的创造性思维，为顺应时代潮流，搞好课堂改革，我在自己的教学中，时刻注意渗透上述指导思想。
教材版本：普通高中课程标准实验教科书人民教育出版社年级册次：高一英语必修4课题：Unit2 Reading : A Pioneer For All PeopleTeaching aims:1．Let students know sth about the famous scientist---Yuan Longping and his hybrid rice.2．Let students learn the spirit of Dr Yuan3．Learn some words and expressions.4．Learn Grammar: The verb – ing formTeaching difficulties: 倍数表达法及分词做定语和状语Teaching important points: 重点词组，典型句型和倍数表达法Teaching aids: Tape recorder, multimedia,Learning aids: Dictionary, paper, textbook, notebookTeaching procedures:Step I Review the new words about the text.( Teacher read first . Students read after the teacher .The let Ss say out their meanings in groups .Finally Teacher let one volunteer each group say several the meanings of words to check them right )1. statistic2. decade3. crop4.battle5. grain6. peanut7. expand8.circulate9.export 10.disturbingStep II Pre-reading Look at the picture and think about the following questions.( Discuss in groups freely . Teacher may make a summary )1.What could you do to help hungry children in poor countries?2.What would you do if there was no rice to eat tomorrow ?3.Who do you think is the greatest hero for hungry people in the world ?Step III Reading : A Pioneer For All People1. Read the passage quickly and use the information in the passage to complete the followingnotes about Yuan Longping (Read silently, fill in the blanks individually, discuss in groups ,and then Teacher show the right answer on the screen to check them .)Name : _________ Nationality :_________Age : _________ Occupation :_________Education : _____________________________________________________Dream : _____________________________________________________Achievement : ___________________________________________________Hobbies : ___________________________________________________2. Read the text again and choose the best answer.(Read silently and underline the informationsentence for each question , choose the answer, discuss the answer in groups and then let one volunteer say out which one is the best and why ).1) The whole passage mainly talks about _____________.A how to solve the world’s hunger problem B. how to increase rice harvestsC . Yuan Longping’s achievements in farmingD Y uan Longping’s daily life2) If you met Yuan Longping face to face , you would think him to be a farmer because_________.A he is one of the agricultural pioneers in the worldB he works the land to do his research and has a sunburnt faceC he has made great achievements in farmingD he wears simple clothes as other farmers3) Although Yuan Longping is rich and famous, he wants to _________.A earn much more money to help othersB spend more time on his hobbiesC lead a simple lifeD lead a comfortable life4) What’s the main idea of the last paragraph ?A Yuan Longping’s another dream is to export his riceB Yuan Longping proves that one dream is not always enough .C Yuan Longping always has a lot of dreams when sleepingD Dreams can help people make greater achievements5) What can we infer from the passage ?A Dr. Yuan is the first agricultural pioneer in the world to grow rice that has a high output.B Dr. Yuan is not really satisfied with his life.C In the 1950’s , many parts of the countryside were short of food.D His way of increasing rice harvest only works in some Asian countriesSuggested answers : 1-5 CBCDC3. Listen to the tape and pay attention the pronunciation , pauses and intonation .4. Read again and find the phrases .( Read aloud , find the phrases and write down on the papers. Then check the answers with your partners in groups . Teacher show the right answers on the screen . Each phrase allows several answers )1) 认为他是一个农夫11）传播他的知识2）耕种土地12）由于，幸亏3）在过去的50年里13）使世界摆脱饥饿4）三分之一14）对…很满意5）出生于15）宁愿，宁可6）毕业于16）过一种舒适的生活7）一个令人烦扰的问题17）使别人有能力研究农业8）寻找18）每一穗稻谷9）这些增长了的收获物19）怀着…的希望10）许多其它的欠发达国家20）输出他的水稻Step 4．Long and difficult sentences.( Teacher shows the sentences on the screen .Remind the Ss of the underlined parts in each sentence. Let Ss discuss what should be paid attention to in underlined parts in groups . Then let some volunteers say out their opinion. Finally Teacher make a summary about each underlined part.)1) Yuan Longping considers himself a farmer, for he works the land to do his research.2) Dr Yuan Longping grows what is called super hybrid rice .3）Now more than 60% of the rice (produced in China each year) is from this hybrid srrain .4)These increased harvests mean that 22% of the world’s people are fed from just 7% of thefarmland in China5) Using his hybrid rice , farmers are producing harvests twice as large as before .表示倍数可用下列句式；a. 主语+ 谓语+ 倍数+ as + 形容词+asb. 主语+ 谓语+ 倍数+ the size ( amount , length…) of …c. 主语+ 谓语+ 倍数+ 形容词/ 副词比较级＋than …6) Since then , finding ways (to grow more rice) has been his life goal .7) Just dreaming for things , however , costs nothing .Step 5. Practice in class..(Check the result . First do individually, then discuss the answers in groups , and at last let volunteers say out which is the best answer and why )1) He found it increasingly difficult to read ______ his eyesight was begging to fail .(2008年高考英语试题山东卷单项选择22)A thoughB forC butD so2) _____was most important to her , she told me , was her family.(2008年高考英语试题山东卷单项选择23)A ItB ThisC WhatD As3) Lucy’s new job paid twice as much as she had made ________ in the restaurant.(2008年高考英语试题山东卷单项选择35)A. working B work C to work D worked4) At the beginning of the class , the noise of desks _______ could be heard outside.(2007年全国卷)A opened and closedB to be opened and closedC being opened and closedD to open and closed5) _______such heavy pollution already , it may now be too late to clean up the river.A Having sufferedB SufferingC To sufferD Suffered6) Suddenly , a tall man driving a golden carriage ________ the girl and took her away , ______into the woods.( 上海2004 春卷)A seizing , disappearedB seized , disappearedC seizing , disappearingD seized , disappearing7）The home rent is expensive . I’ve got about half the space I had at home and I’m paying _____here.A as three times as muchB as much three timesC much as three timesD three times as much8) The new park is _____ of the old one .A three times the sizeB the three times sizeC the size three timesD three the size times9) Don’t use words ,expressions, or phrases________ only to people with specificknowledge.(2002年上海，34)A being knownB having been knownC to be knownD known10）_______ into a poor farmer’s family in 1930, Dr Yuan graduated ________Southwest Agricultural College in 1953.(课文原句)A Be born , inB Born, fromC He was born , fromD Be born , in Suggested answers: 1-5 BCACA 6-10 DDADBStep 6. SummaryStep 7. Homework.利用所学词汇及句型，仿写另一位古代农学家贾思勰的事迹。
人教版高中英语必修四Unit2 Working the land1 struggle [ˈstrʌgl]vi.搏斗；奋斗；努力；争取n.打斗；竞争；奋斗【例句】They had to struggle against/with all kinds of difficulties.他们必须和各种各样的困难作斗争。
After 5 years’ of struggle,people in Wenchuan are living a normal life now.经过五年的努力，现在汶川人民的生活步入了正轨。
【搭配】struggle against/with与……斗争struggle for 为争取……而斗争struggle to do 努力去做struggle to one’s feet 挣扎着站起来 a life-and-death struggle生死搏斗【辨析】battle, war, campaign, struggle, fight这些名词均有“战斗，战争”之意。
•battle：侧重指战争中的一次较全面、时间较长的战斗，也指陆军或海军在某一特定地区进行的战斗，或个人之间的争斗。
•war：是战争的总称，一般指包括多个战役的大规模战争。
•campaign：通常指在一场大的战争中在某一地区进行的一连串有既定目的的军事行动。
也可作引申用。
•struggle：指激烈或时间持续长的战斗或奋力斗争。
•fight：最普通用词，含义广，指战斗、斗争或打斗。
2 hunger [ˈhʌŋgə(r)] n.饿，饥饿；欲望vt.& vi.（使）饥饿【例句】His hunger for knowledge drove him to the library.他对知识的强烈愿望驱使他上图书馆。
These students hunger for new knowledge and ideas.这些学生渴望学到新知识，获得新思想。
3.必修四Unit2 A PIONEER FOR ALL PEOPLE造福全人类的先驱者Although he is one of China's most famous scientists, Yuan Longping considers himself a farmer, for he works the land to do his research. 尽管是中国最著名的科学家之一，袁隆平仍然认为自己是个农民，因为他在田里耕作，进行科学研究。
Indeed, his sunburnt face and arms and his slim, strong body millions of Chinese farmers, for whom he has struggled for the past five decades. 的确，他被太阳晒得黝黑的脸庞和和手臂，以及他那瘦削而又结实的身躯，就跟其他千百万中国农民一样，过去50年来，他一直在努力帮助他们。
Dr Yuan Longping grows what is called super hybrid rice. 袁博士种植的是被称为“超级杂交水稻的”的稻种。
In 1974, he became the first agricultural pioneer in the world to grow rice that has a high output. 1974年，他成为世界上第一位种植高产水稻的农业先锋。
-third more of the crop in the same fields. 这种特殊的稻种使得同样的田地多收获三分之一的产量。
this hybrid strain.如今中国每年出产的稻米有60%以上出自这种杂交稻种。
Born in a poor farmer's family in 1930, Dr Yuan graduated from Southwest Agricultural College in 1953. 袁博士1930年出生，1953Since then, finding ways to grow more rice has been his life goal. 从那时起，As a young man, he saw the great need for increasing the rice output. 年轻时，他就看到了稻田增产的巨大需求。
