下载文档原格式
UNIT TWO P18An automobile probably has about 7,000 different parts in it. Some of them make it more comfortable or better looking, but most of them are to make it run.一台车可能有７０００多个不同的零件。
一些使它更舒适或外观更好看。
但大部分是使它能运转的。
The three basic components of the automobile are the engine, chassis and body.汽车基本三大组成部分是发动机，底盘和车身．The engine converts the fuel energy into mechanical power. An internal combustion engine powers our modern automobile. The engine burns its fuel within the engine proper, as compared to a steam engine where the fuel is burned externally. The gasoline and air mixture of the internal combustion engine is compressed by a piston inside an airtight cylinder and ignited by a spark. The trapped air-fuel mixture burns fiercely, causing tremendous heat which expands the trapped gases and pushes the piston down. This is the motive power of the automobile. The automobile engine is essentially a heat engine. It requires fuel to burn, a spark to ignite, lubrication to minimize friction, and a cooling system to dissipate unwanted heat.发动机把燃油的能量转化成机械能．内燃机给现代的汽车提供动力。
Smart CarsMichio Kaku1 Even the automobile industry, which has remained largely unchanged for the last seventy years, is about to feel the effects of the computer revolution.智能汽车米其奥·卡库即便是过去70年间基本上没有多少变化的汽车工业，也将感受到计算机革命的影响。
2 The automobile industry ranks as among the most lucrative and powerful industries of the twentieth century. There are presently 500 million cars on earth, or one car for every ten people. Sales of the automobile industry stand at about a trillion dollars, making it the world's biggest manufacturing industry.汽车工业是20世纪最赚钱、最有影响力的产业之一。
目前世界上有5亿辆车，或者说每10人就有1辆车。
汽车工业的销售额达一万亿美元左右，从而成为世界上最大的制造业。
3 The car, and the roads it travels on, will be revolutionized in the twenty-first century. The key to tomorrow's "smart cars" will be sensors. "We'll see vehicles and roads that see and hear and feel and smell and talk and act," predicts Bill Spreitzer, technical director of General Motors Corporation's ITS program, which is designing the smart car and road of the future.汽车及其行驶的道路，将在21世纪发生重大变革。
UNIT 2 AUTOMOTIVE ENGINE2.1 Purpose and Locations of EnginesThe purpose of an automotive engine is to supply the power needed to move the vehicle. The engine produces this power by burning fuel inside it. Because the engine burns fuel inside, or internally, the engine is known as an internal combustion engine （ICE）.汽车发动机的功用是汽车行驶提供必需的动力。
发动机通过它内部的燃料燃烧来产生动力。
由于发动机在其内部燃烧燃料，所以发动机被称作内燃机。
Engines may be fueled by gasoline, propane （LPG-liquefied petroleum gas）, or diesel fuel. Compressed natural gas （CNG）may also be used in some vehicles.发动机燃料可以是汽油、丙烷（液化石油汽体）或柴油。
压缩天燃气也可以用在一些车辆上。
be fueled by 通过…得到燃料Most automotive engines are located at the front of the vehicle. Many engines drive the rear wheels. This requires a long drive shaft extending form the front wheels to the rear wheels. Other engines drive the front wheels. In the rear-wheel-drive arrangement, the engine sits longitudinally. Its long dimension is from front to back.大多数汽车发动机位于汽车前方。
Unit 1 Automotive BasicsAutomobiles， trucks, and buses are essential forms of transportation. They are complex machines made up of many parts. These parts can be grouped into a number of systems. An understanding of how the system work will help you understand how the automobile works.轿车、卡车和客车是交通运输的重要组成部分.它们都是由许多部件组成的复杂机器.这些部件可以归类为汽车的几个组成系统。
了解这些各个小系统是如何工作的将有助于我们理解整个汽车系统是如何工作。
An automobile can be divided into two basic parts： a body and a chassis. The body is the enclosure that houses the engine， passengers， and cargo。
It is the part of the automobile that you see。
The chassis is that part of the automobile beneath the body。
汽车可以分为两个基本部分：车身和底盘。
车身包围发动机、乘客和行李，它是汽车你所看到的部分。
而车身以下的部分就是底盘.1.1 THE BODY An automobile body is a sheet metal shell with windows， doors， a hood, and a trunk deck built into it。
It provides a protective covering for the engine， passengers， and cargo。
