非谓语动词讲解 超全
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非谓语动词讲解(超全)非谓语动词是指动词的非限定形式,不可以独立作谓语。
它可以由动词原形、现在分词和过去分词构成,常见的形式有不定式、动名词和分词。
一、不定式:不定式是动词的一种非限定形式,常常在句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语。
它的构成方式为"to + 动词原形"。
例句:1. To learn a foreign language is not easy.(作主语)2. She wants to go shopping.(作宾语)3. The best way to learn English well is to practice every day.(作表语)4. He has a lot of work to finish.(作定语)不定式也具有进行时态、完成时态和被动语态的形式:进行时态:to be + 动词的现在分词完成时态:to have + 动词的过去分词被动语态:to be + 动词过去分词例句:1. He seems to be sleeping.(不定式进行时态)2. You should have told me earlier.(不定式完成时态)3. The car needs to be repaired.(不定式被动语态)二、动名词:动名词是指动词的-ing形式,它可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语或状语。
在句中的位置和用法与名词相似。
例句:1. Reading is my favorite hobby.(作主语)2. I enjoy swimming in the summer.(作宾语)3. Her dream is becoming a famous singer.(作表语)4. The girl standing over there is my sister.(作定语)5. He went to the party without saying goodbye.(作状语)动名词与不定式的区别在于动名词具有进行时态和被动语态,而不定式没有。
英语语法非谓语动词讲解超全超实用在英语语法中,非谓语动词是指在句子中不能独立充当谓语,而是通过与其他词语搭配来发挥作用的动词形式。
非谓语动词包括动词不定式、动名词和分词。
本文将对这三种非谓语动词进行详细的讲解,帮助读者更好地理解和运用。
一、动词不定式1.定义和形式:动词不定式是由动词原形加上"to"构成的形式,表示不完整的动作或状态。
例如:to eat, to dance。
2.用途和功能:(1)作主语:动词不定式可以作为句子的主语,常放在句首。
例如:To learn a new language is challenging.(2)作宾语:动词不定式可以作为及物动词的宾语,表示动作的目的或意图。
例如:I want to learn English.(3)作表语:动词不定式可以作为系动词的表语,表示身份、偏好、目的等。
例如:Her dream is to become a doctor.(4)作定语:动词不定式可以修饰名词或代词,起到进一步说明或限定的作用。
例如:The best way to improve English is to practice more.(5)作状语:动词不定式可以表示时间、目的、方式等状语的作用。
例如:I went to the park to relax.3.特殊用法:(1)省略to:在某些情况下,不定式的to可以省略,例如在助动词let、make、help等后面。
例如:Let me go.(2)动词不定式的时态:动词不定式没有人称和数的变化,但可以根据不同的时间来使用不同的时态。
例如:I want to go shopping.(现在时态)I wanted to go shopping.(过去时态)二、动名词1.定义和形式:动名词是由动词加上-ing构成的形式,可以作为名词使用。
例如:swimming, running。
2.用途和功能:(1)作主语:动名词可以作为句子的主语,常放在句首。
非谓语动词非谓语动词: a.动词不定式 b.动名词 c.分词( 现在分词过去分词)概述:1.谓语动词:在句子中担任谓语的动词2.非谓语动词:是动词的特殊形式,在句中可以作除谓语外的所有成分指出下列句子中非谓语动词的成分1,To see is to believe. 2, It is right to give up smoking.3, He wanted to go 4, I find it interesting to study English.5, He asked me to do the work with him. 6, I have some books for you to read.7, I came here to see you. 8, We were very excited to hear the news.9,Laying eggs is the ant queen’s full-time job. 10, It is no use arguing with him.11, Her job is teaching . 12.He had his clothes washed.13,We saw the teacher making the experiment. 14,The man standing by the window is our teacher.15,The excited people rushed into the building. 16,Being a student, I must study hard.17,The teacher stood there, surrounded by the students. 18,The news is inspiring.非谓语动词使用条件一个句子当中,已经存在一个主句(谓语动词),又没有连词的情况下, 还有别的动词出现时。
精选全文完整版非谓语动词定义不做句子的谓语,而是充当其他语法功能的动词叫做非谓语动词。
分为三种:不定式(Infinitive),分词(Participles),动名词(Gerund)。
一、非谓语动词和谓语动词的区别谓语动词的作用明确而单一,非谓语动词的作用丰富:1.非谓语动词作名词词性(不定式和动名词)Your duty is to look after the children. 你的工作是照看好孩子。
Complaining is no use. 抱怨是没有用的。
2. 非谓语动词做形容词词性(分词、不定式和动名词)The vase is broken. 那个花瓶破了。
He is a nice person to work with. 他是一个很好共事的人。
We found the story amusing. 我们发现这个故事很有意思。
3. 非谓语动词做副词词性(不定式和分词)They are working hard to win still greater victory. 他们在努力工作争取更大的胜利。
The sick man came in, supported by two nurses.二、非谓语动词的用法A 不定式(to do)在非谓语动词中,不定式的用法最广泛。
它在句中可作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语和主语补足语或宾语补足语。
也就是说,不定式可以充当除谓语以外的所有成分。
1. 做主语To say something is one thing, to do it is another. 说是一码事,干是另一码事。
* 注:形式主语it,当不定式做主语时,特别是当主语较长而谓语较短时,常用“it”作形式主语,而把真正的主语放在谓语的后面。
此种用法在日常英语中尤为常见。
It is not fair to blame them for the accident. 把这次事故归咎于他们是不公平的。
(完整版)动词的非谓语动词形式讲解动词的非谓语动词形式讲解(完整版)非谓语动词指的是不具备人称和数的特征,不能独立做谓语,而需要与其他词语搭配使用的动词形式。
中文的非谓语动词形式主要有动词不定式、动名词和分词。
以下是对这三种非谓语动词形式的详细讲解:1. 动词不定式(Infinitive)动词不定式是表示动作或状态的一种形式,一般由动词原形前加上"to"构成。
动词不定式在句中可以担任主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语等成分。
示例:- 主语:To travel is my dream.(旅行是我的梦想。
)To travel is my dream.(旅行是我的梦想。
)- 宾语:I want to learn Chinese.(我想学中文。
)to learn Chinese.(我想学中文。
)- 表语:His hobby is to play the piano.(他的爱好是弹钢琴。
)to play the piano.(他的爱好是弹钢琴。
)- 定语:She needs a place to live.(她需要一个住的地方。
)to live.(她需要一个住的地方。
)- 状语:I went there to see the exhibition.(我去那里看展览。
)to see the exhibition.(我去那里看展览。
)2. 动名词(Gerund)动名词是动词的一种形式,以-ing结尾表示动作或状态,相当于名词,可以作为主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语等成分。
示例:- 主语:Swimming is good for health.(游泳对健康有益。
)Swimming is good for health.(游泳对健康有益。
)- 宾语:He enjoys reading books.(他喜欢读书。
)reading books.(他喜欢读书。
)- 表语:His favorite activity is singing.(他最喜欢的活动是唱歌。
非谓语动词讲解(超全非谓语动词是指动词的非谓语形式,包括动词不定式、动名词和现在分词。
与主谓结构不同,非谓语动词可在句子中作状语、定语或表语。
在英语中,非谓语动词的形式是相对固定的,但在不同的语法环境中所表示的意义和用法有所差异。
1. 动词不定式(to-infinitive)动词不定式由“to + 动词原形”构成,常常用作动词的宾语、主语、状语或定语。
例如:- 宾语:I want to go to the zoo.(我想去动物园。
)- 主语:To speak English fluently is important for your career.(流利地说英语对你的事业很重要。
)- 状语:He went to the store to buy some groceries.(他去商店买了些杂货。
)- 定语:She needs a pen to write her essay.(她需要一支笔来写作文。
)2. 动名词(gerund)动名词是将动词加上-ing构成,常常用作动词的宾语、主语、状语或定语。
例如:- 宾语:I enjoy reading books in my spare time.(我闲暇时喜欢读书。
)- 主语:Swimming is good exercise.(游泳是很好的锻炼。
)- 状语:She left the party early, feeling tired.(她因为感觉累了,所以提前离开了聚会。
)- 定语:The crying baby woke up the whole neighborhood.(哭闹的婴儿把整个邻居都吵醒了。
)3. 现在分词(present participle)现在分词由动词原形加上-ing构成,常常用作动词的宾语、主语、状语或定语。
例如:- 宾语:He enjoys playing soccer on weekends.(他喜欢周末踢足球。
)- 主语:Listening to music helps me relax.(听音乐帮助我放松。
非谓语动词讲解史上最全非谓语动词是英语中的一种特殊动词形式,它们在句子中通常不具备时态和人称的变化。
非谓语动词包括不定式、动名词和现在分词。
一、不定式(Infinitive)不定式由to加动词原形构成,具有动词和名词的双重特征。
不定式在句子中可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语等成分。
1. 作主语:To learn a foreign language is beneficial to your career.学习一门外语对你的事业有益。
2. 作宾语:I want to visit my grandparents this weekend.我想这周末去看望我的祖父母。
3. 作表语:His dream is to become a famous writer.他的梦想是成为一名著名的作家。
4. 作定语:She has many books to read.她有很多书要读。
5. 作状语:He came to help us.他来帮助我们。
二、动名词(Gerund)动名词由动词原形加-ing构成,具有动词和名词的双重特征。
动名词在句子中可以充当主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语等成分。
1. 作主语:Swimming is my favorite sport.游泳是我最喜欢的运动。
2. 作宾语:I enjoy reading novels in my free time.我喜欢在空闲时间读小说。
3. 作表语:Her hobby is singing.她的爱好是唱歌。
4. 作定语:The running water is clear.流动的水很清澈。
5. 作状语:She went shopping after finishing her homework.她在完成作业后去购物。
三、现在分词(Present Participle)现在分词由动词原形加-ing构成,具有动词和形容词的双重特征。
现在分词在句子中可以充当定语、表语、状语等成分。
非谓语动词讲解非谓语动词: a.动词不定式b. v-ing c. 过去分词概述:1.谓语动词:在句子中担任谓语的动词2.非谓语动词:是动词的特殊形式,在句中可以作除谓语外的所有成分非谓语动词使用条件一个句子当中,已经存在一个主句(谓语动词),又没有连词的情况下, 还有别的动词出现时。
She got off the bus, leaving her handbag on her seat. She got off the bus, but left her handbag on her seat. 动词不定式一.动词不定式的时态和被动形式动词不定式是非谓语动词的一种,由不定式符号(to)加动词原形构成。
不定式的形式有五种:1.一般式to do I like to read English.2.进行式to be doing He seemed to be reading something at that time.3.完成式to have done He seemed to have cleaned the room.4.被动式to be done The work is to be done soon.5.完成被动式to have been doneThe boy is said to have been sent to hospital yesterday.疑问词+动词不定式What, who, which, where, when, how, why 等疑问词构成不定式短语,这种短语在句子中可作主语、宾语和表语等成分。
二. 动词不定式的用法I.作主语(1)不定式做主语时,可以直接放在谓语动词之前。
To see is to believe.Not to get there in time is your fault.(2)注:常用 it 做形式主语,将 to do 位于之后,使句子保持平衡。
句型 1:It + 谓语 +(+sb.)+时间/金钱+ to doIt takes us an hour _to get there by bus.It costs you only $ 100 a month to cook at home.It seemed impossible to save money.句型 2:It’s + n. (+ for sb) + to doIt’s our duty _t o_h e l p the poor.It is a great enjoyment _to_ spend our holiday in the countryside..It is a great honor for us to be present at your birthday party.句型 3:It is + adj (+ for sb) to do sth(是形容事物的性质的)It is + adj (+ of sb) to do sth(是形容人的品质的)It is easy for me t o f i n i s h this work before ten.It is very kind of you t o g i v e me some help.It's impolite of you to speak to the teacher like that.疑问词+不定式作主语When to start remains undecided.1.It is easy to get there by bus or taxi.2.It takes about 3 hours to see all the birds.3.It is also impolite to speak with your mouth full when you are eating.4.It’s our duty to take good care of the old.5.How long did it take you to finish the work?6.It is stupid of you to write down everything the teacher says.7.When to start has not been decided.8.It seemed selfish of him not to give them anything.9.It’s necessary for you to lock the car when you do not use it.10.It is useful for our health to do morning exercises.II.作宾语接不定式做宾语 I want to know this matter.I don’t expect to meet you here(1)常见动词有:like, demand, expect, promise, begin, determine, refuse, fail, manage, learn, seem, forget, want, prepare, pretend, plan, wish 等They want to get_( get ) on the bus, didn’t they?He said he wishedt o b e(b e)a p r o f e ss o r.(2)it 作形式宾语I find/feel to work with him interesting .I find/feel it interesting to work with him.Subject+ find/think/feel/make/ consider… it+adj/n + to do sth.1.We thought _it better to_ start early.2.Do you consider _it better not _to_ go?3. I feel _it_ my duty _to_ change all that.4.We think it important _ to _ obey the law.5.I know _ it _ impossible _ to _ finish so much homework in a day.(3)疑问词+不定式作宾语常常放在这些动词的后面作宾语:tell, advise, show, teach, find out, decide, discuss, learn, explain…He taught us how to use the tool.No one could tell me where to get the book.The dictionary didn’t tell the Frenchman how to pronounce the word.(4)作介词 but, except, besides 的宾语。
非谓语动词语法讲解一、非谓语动词的概念动词的基本用法是作谓语。
当句中已经有了谓语动词了,要选或要填的动词就只能用非谓语形式了。
非谓语形式有三种:1、动词不定式:to do 2、动词的ing : doing 3、动词的过去分词:done二、三种形式的含义(基本用法)不定式:表示目的和将来;动词的ing:表示主动和进行;过去分词:表示被动和完成。
三、非谓语动词的时态和语态一般式完成式进行式不定式主动to do to have done to be doing被动to be done to have beendoneing 形式主动doing having done 被动being done having beendone过去分词被动done四、非谓语动词的否定形式在非谓语动词前加not, never. 即 not / never to do, not / never doing五、非谓语动词的复合结构不定式的复合结构:for / of sb. to do sth.动词 ing 形式的复合结构:宾格或所有格+doing (-ing 形式作主语时,用的所有格+doing)六、非谓语动词的做题步骤1、判定是否用非谓语形式。
方法:看看句子中是否已有了谓语动词了2、找非谓语动词的逻辑主语。
方法:非谓语动词的逻辑主语一般是句子的主语。
3、判断主被动关系。
方法:非谓语动词与其逻辑主语的主动还是被动关系。
4、判断时间关系。
方法:分析句子,看看非谓语动词所表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前、之后还是同时。
之前常用 done; 之后常用to do; 同时常用doing.学习非谓语形式时,建议把三种形式一起来比较学习,会更加有效一些。
七、非谓语动词作主语和表语的比较1、不定式和动名词作主语和表语a. 不定式表示一次性的、具体的动词。
动词ing 常表示一般的、泛指的或习惯性的动作。
如:________ is a good form of exercise for both young and old.A. The walkB. WalkingC. To walkD. Walk(分析) a good form 暗示泛指一般的行为,用动名词作主语,选 Bb. 不定式作主语时,常用it 作形式主语,即用句型:It is + adj. / n. + (for / of sb. ) to do sth.It’s important for us to learn English well.It’s kind of you to help us.注意:下面几个句型是用动名词:It’s no good / use doing sth.It’s usel ess doing sth.There is no need to do sth.2、不定式、动名词、分词作表语的比较1、不定式、动名词作表语,.表示主语的内容。
非谓语动词讲解大全非谓语动词是指动词的非动词性形式,包括动词不定式、动名词和现在分词三种形式。
非谓语动词在句子中常常作为句子成分,可以作主语、宾语、定语、状语等。
1. 动词不定式动词不定式是一个非谓语动词形式,由“to”+动词原形构成。
它可以表示目的、结果、原因、条件、目标等意义。
例句:- To study hard is the key to success.(努力学习是成功的关键。
)- I want to go travelling next summer.(我想下个夏天去旅行。
)- He worked hard to earn enough money for his family.(他为了养家糊口而努力工作。
)2. 动名词动名词是一种非谓语动词形式,由动词原形加“-ing”构成。
它可以作主语、宾语、定语、状语等,并且可以与介词连用。
例句:- Swimming is good for health.(游泳对健康有好处。
)- I enjoy reading books in my free time.(我闲暇时喜欢读书。
)- She was busy preparing for the exam.(她忙着准备考试。
)3. 现在分词现在分词是一个非谓语动词形式,由动词原形加“-ing”构成。
它通常作为形容词使用,修饰名词或代词。
例句:- The burning coal produced a lot of smoke.(燃烧的煤产生了很多烟。
)- The running water sounded very pleasant.(流动的水声听起来很悦耳。
)- The crying baby needed to be fed.(哭闹的婴儿需要喂食。
)非谓语动词在句子中有很多常见的用法,以下是一些常见的用法及示例:1. 动词不定式作主语:- To travel is my dream.(旅行是我的梦想。
非谓语动词复习非谓语动词: a.动词不定式to do b.现在分词/ 动名词doingc.过去分词done概述:1.谓语动词:在句子中担任谓语的动词2.非谓语动词:是动词的特殊形式,在句中可以作除谓语外的所有成分(有一个特殊情况:过去分词不具备名词性,所以补充当主语或宾语。
)非谓语动词使用条件:一个简单句中有且只有一个谓语动词一个句子当中,已经存在一个谓语动词, 又没有连词的情况下, 应使用非谓语动词。
She got off the bus, leaving her handbag on her seat.She got off the bus, but left her handbag on her seat.所有的非谓语动词的否定都是在其前面加NOT动词不定式一.动词不定式的变体动词不定式是非谓语动词的一种,由不定式符号(to)加动词原形构成。
不例如:He seemed to be reading something at that time.例如:He seemed to have cleaned the room.例如:The work is to be done soon.例如:The boy is said to have been sent to hospital yesterday.二. 动词不定式的用法I.作主语To see is to believe.Not to get there in time is your fault. 注:常用it做形式主语,将to do放在位于之后,使句子保持平衡。
It is a great enjoyment to spend our holiday in the mountains.句型3:It is + adj + for sb to do sth(是形容事物的性质的)It is + adj + of sb to do sth(是形容人的品质的)It is easy for me to finish this work before ten.It's impolite of you to speak to the teacher like that.II.作宾语接不定式做宾语I want to know this matter.(1)常见动词有:like, demand, expect, promise, begin, determine,refuse, offer, fail, manage, learn, seem, intend, forget,want, prepare, pretend, refuse, plan, afford, wish等(2)it作形式宾语I find/feel to work with him interesting .I find/feel itinteresting to work with him.3. I feel it my duty to change all that. 2.We think itimportant to obey the law.下列词接动名词和不定式均可,但意义不同的动词:stop to do 停下来去做stop doing 停止做forget to do 忘记要做forget doing 忘记做过remember to do 记得要做remember doing 记得做过regret to do 遗憾要做regret doing 后悔做过try to do 企图做,尽力做try doing 试着做go on to do 继续做(另一件事)go on doing 继续做(同一件事)mean to do 打算做mean doing 意味做In some parts of London, missing a bus means _____ for another hour.A waitingB to waitingC waitD to bewaitingBoys, don't forget ____ the windows before you leave the classroom.A. closingB. closedC. to closingD. to closeShe reached the top of the hill and stopped _______ on a big rock.A. to have restedB. restingC. to restD. rest Remember ______ the lights when you leave the office.A. to turn offB. turning offC. turn offD. to turning off(4)一般说来,介词后接动词通常应是动名词。
但是介词but(except也一样)却比较特殊,其后接动词时,可以接不定式,并且这个不定式可以带to也可以不带to,“前有do,后无to”I have no choice but to wait.:1. 当其前的谓语含有实义动词do(可以是各种形式)时,其后的不定式通常不带to:She will do anything but play chess. 她除了下棋外什么都愿干。
He did nothing all day except watch TV. 他一整天除了看电视什么也没做。
2. 当其前的谓语没有某种形式的实义动词do时,其后的不定式通常要带to:They had no choice but to obey. 他们别无选择只有服从。
He wanted nothing but to stay here. 他除了想呆在这里外,其他什么也不想。
3. 当其前含有实义动词do但不是用作谓语时,其后的不定式带不带to均可,但以不带to为多:There’s nothing to do but (to) leave. 只好离开。
There was nothing to do but (to) wait. 除了等没有其他的办法。
4. 在cannot but, cannot choose/help but 之后接不带to的不定式I can’t do anything but go out with her.III.作宾语补足语1. I’ll get someone to repair the recorder for you.2. What caused him to change his mind?advise, allow, ask, beg, cause, expect, encourage, force, get, hate, invite , order, wish , want, warn, remind, promise,permit, persuade, request+sb. to do注意:(1)在动词feel (一感),hear, listen to(二听),have, let, make(三让),notice, see, watch, observe, look at(五看)(即:吾看三室两厅一感觉)等后面的补足语中,不定式不带to,但变为被动语态后,必须带to。
如:They saw the boy fall off the tree.The boy was seen to fall off the tree.(2)help后面作宾语补足语的不定式可以带to,也可以不带to.I often help him (to)clean the room. I helped him (to) find his things.He is often heard to sing the song.Though he often made his deskmate cry, today he was made to cry by his deskmate.3)IV.作定语不定式所修饰的词前面有序数词,形容词最高级或only修饰She is always the last to leave the room.不定式为不及物动词且和所修饰的名词是动宾关系时,须加介词.I have something important to say. Please find a piece of paper to write on.Excuse me,could I use your pen for a moment?I have no pen to write with不定式主表被问题I have a lot of homework to do.V.作状语不定式作状语可以表示目的、结果、原因。
I came here to see you.He hurried to the school to find nobody there. (出乎意料的结果)We were very excited to hear the news.(常见形容词后常用不定式)对比To learn English well, he needs a good dictionary.不定式的主动形式表示被动意义I have something important to do. In the accident, the driver was to blame.This question is difficult to answer. The box is not easy to carry.动名词一. 动名词/现在分词的基本构成No one likes being laughed at.I don’t remember having ever been given a chance to do it.二.doing的功用⑴ Smoking does great harm to people’s health.(作主语)①It is no use crying. ②It is no goodobjecting⑵ My job is looking after children.(作表语)⑶ I have finished reading the novel.(作宾语)⑷ We have got a swimming pool in our school.(做定语)常见的动词有:admit, advise, suggest, avoid, consider, delay, deny, excuse, finish, imagine, include, keep(on),mind, , practice, miss, resist.短语: be/get used to ,be accustomed to,can’t help/stop, can’t stand , give up,feel like, look forward to, get down to, have difficulty/trouble (in),be busy (in),put offe.g.①She sat there without speaking.doing主动表被动:①The room wants cleaning. ②The method needsimproving.③ This pair of shoes require mending.④ The question is well worth _discussing____ (discuss)d)动词“like, love, hate, prefer”后接动名词表示“习惯性动作”,后接不定式表示“心理或一次具体动作”。