Boosting Docking-based Virtual Screening

P3701 | NVIDIA JETSON AGX ORIN SERIESDATASHEETDiscover the most powerful AI computer for energy-efficient autonomous machines.NVIDIA ® Jetson AGX Orin ™ series modules deliver up to 275 TOPS of AI performance with power configurable between 15W and 60W. This gives you more than 8X theperformance of Jetson AGX Xavier ™ in the same compact form-factor for robotics and other autonomous machine use cases.These system-on-modules support multiple concurrent AI application pipelines with an NVIDIA Ampere architecture GPU, next-generation deep learning and visionaccelerators, high-speed IO, and fast memory bandwidth. Now, you can develop solutions using your largest and most complex AI models to solve problems such as natural language understanding, 3D perception, and multi-sensor fusion.Jetson runs the NVIDIA AI software stack, and use case-specific application frameworks are available, including NVIDIA Isaac ™ for robotics, DeepStream for vision AI, and Riva for conversational AI. You can also save significant time with NVIDIA Omniverse ™ Replicator for synthetic data generation (SDG), and with NVIDIA TAO Toolkit for fine-tuning pretrained AI models from the NGC ™ catalog.Jetson ecosystem partners offer additional AI and system software, developer tools, and custom software development. They can also help with cameras and other sensors, as well as carrier boards and design services for your product.Jetson Orin modules are unmatched in performance and efficiency for robots and other autonomous machines, and they give you the flexibility to create the next generation of AI solutions with the latest NVIDIA GPU technology. Together with the world-standard NVIDIA AI software stack and an ecosystem of services and products, your road to market has never been faster.Jetson AGX Orin 32GB>1792-core NVIDIA Ampere architecture GPU with 56 tensor cores >2x NVDLA v2.0>8-core Arm® Cortex®-A78AE v8.2 64-bit CPU>32GB 256-bit LPDDR5 >64GB eMMC 5.1 >PVA v2.0Power>Voltage input 5V, 7V-20V >Module Power: 15W - 40WKey FeaturesJetson AGX Orin 64GB>2048-core NVIDIA Ampere architecture GPU with 64 tensor cores >2x NVDLA v2.0>12-core Arm® Cortex®-A78AE v8.2 64-bit CPU>64GB 256-bit LPDDR5 >64GB eMMC 5.1 >PVA v2.0Power>Voltage input 5V, 7V-20V >Module Power: 15W - 60WNVIDIA JETSON AGX ORIN SERIES MODULES TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS* Virtual channel-related camera information for Jetson AGX Orin is not final and subject to change.Refer to the Software Features section of the latest NVIDIA Jetson Linux Developer Guide for a list of supportedfeatures.。

Right-fit server for growing small- to medium-sized businesses To help you focus on what’s important—running the business—your growing company needs IT that is easy to manage, affordable, and highly reliable. Get what you need with HP Just Right IT solutions . Choose right-fit servers, storage, networking, and services, tailored to meet your unique requirements at each stage of your business growth.One of HP’s right-fit servers is the HP ProLiant ML350 Gen9—delivering a class-leading combination of performance, availability, expandability, manageability, reliability, and serviceability. Offering standard HP Integrated Lights-Out (iLO) capabilities for simplified IT infrastructure management, 24 slots for DDR4 HP SmartMemory with up to 14 percent greater performance 1 (a maximum of 48 drives), and an embedded 4x 1GbE NIC, the HP ProLiant ML350 Gen9 Server offers the ideal set of features for your growing business needs today and tomorrow.Exceeds the requirements of remote offices/branch offices Today’s distributed organizations face significant cost and functionality tradeoffs. With limited onsite IT staff, each remote office/branch office (ROBO) must be managed and operated from the data center. Installing and configuring new infrastructure at each edge location is critically important, but it creates a substantial drain on IT resources in terms of time and effort. To free up time, money, and human resources—while also providing a better infrastructure—today’s enterprises need to centralize management for all remote sites; automate system setup to speed branch rollout; minimize hardware, while also expanding application and data services; and ensure continuity for business-critical functions.Designed to deliver simplified expandability, easy manageability, and proven reliability, the HP ProLiant ML350 Gen9 Server leverages the latest Intel ® Xeon ® processor E5-2600 v3 processors with up to 70 percent 2 performance gain and additional support for 12 GB/s serial-attached SCSI (SAS) with a broad range of graphics and compute options. You can manage your HP ProLiant ML350 Gen9 Server in any IT environment by automating themost essential server lifecycle management tasks—deploy, update, monitor, and maintain.Providing the ideal platform for everything from infrastructure to mission-critical applications,you can deploy the ProLiant ML350 Gen9 Server with confidence.Availability, expandability, andserviceability—a winning combinationHP is all about choice. And so is the HP ProLiantML350 Gen9 Server—offering supportfor 8–24 large form factor (LFF) or 8–48 smallform factor (SFF) drive options, as well asimproved storage expansion. You can also choosefrom many other options including:• Nine PCIe expansion slots• Eight USB ports• 5U rack conversion• Numerous power supply options• Y our choice of PCIe standup 1GbE or 10GbEnetwork adapters• F our graphics processing unit (GPU) options forboosting performance in graphics and virtualdesktop infrastructure (VDI) apps• Complete HP Care Pack support options1 Based on similar-capacity DIMM comparingHP server to a non-HP server with DDR4,July 2014.2 Intel performance testing, comparingmeasurements on platform with two E5-2697 v2(12C, 2.7 GHz), 8x8 GB DDR3-1866, RHEL 6.3 vs.platform with two E5-2697 v3 (14C, 2.6 GHz,145 W), 8x8 GB DDR4-2133, RHEL 6.3, April 2014.Data sheetHP ProLiant ML350 Gen9 ServerHigh performance with unmatched capacity and reliabilityRate this documentShare with colleagues Sign up for updates /go/getupdated Data sheet | HP ProLiant ML350 Gen9 Server© Copyright 2014 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. The information contained herein is subject to change without notice. The onlywarranties for HP products and services are set forth in the express warranty statements accompanying such products and services. Nothing hereinshould be construed as constituting an additional warranty. HP shall not be liable for technical or editorial errors or omissions contained herein.Intel Xeon is a trademark of Intel Corporation in the U.S. and other countries. ENERGY STAR is a registered mark owned by the U.S. government. SD and microSD are trademarks or registered trademarks of SD-3C in the United States, other countries or both.4AA5-4081ENW, September 2014HP ProLiant ML350 Gen9 ServerComputeUp to two Intel Xeon E5-2600 v3 series, 4/6/8/10/12/14/16/18 cores. PCIe 3.0, up to nine available slot(s)MemoryHP SmartMemory (24) DDR4, up to 2,133 MHz (768 GB max.)StorageStandard HP Dynamic Smart Array B140i Choice of HP Flexible Smart Array or HP Smart Host Bus Adapter Controllers for performance or additional features HP Smart Drives48 SFF/24 LFF max., hard disk drive (HDD)/solid-state drive (SSD)Networking4x 1GbE embedded + Standup VGA/serial/USB ports/SDFront VGA opt., rear VGA and Serial Standard , eight USB, and one microSD GPU supportSingle/double-wide and active /passive, up to 10.5" (4)On premise managementHP Insight Control and HP iLO Advanced On cloud managementHP Insight Online with enhanced mobile application On system managementChanges in HP iLO, HP SUM, Intelligent Provisioning and scripting tools; plus the new UEFI and HP RESTful Interface Tool Power and coolingUp to 94 percent efficient (Platinum Plus) with Flexible Slot FF Industry complianceASHRAE A3 and A4, lower idle power, and ENERGY STAR ®Form factor/Chassis depthTower or Rack (5U)/28.5" (SFF), 28.5" (LFF)Warranty 3/3/3Technical specificationsIn the following table, bold italic text denotes new features or functions, as compared to the HP ProLiant ML350p Gen8 Server.HP ServicesLet HP help guide you to the New Style of IT. HP Technology Services delivers confidence,reduces risk, and helps you realize greater agility and stability.• Our Consulting services provide advice and guidance to safely move your workloads tonewer technologies.• HP implementation and installation services enable faster, more reliable startup of your newProLiant Gen9 servers, and our support portfolio allows you to get connected and get back tobusiness fast.• We recommend HP Proactive Care for ProLiant Gen9 servers to prevent issues and resolveproblems quickly and efficiently.• HP Foundation Care provides a choice of coverage levels and response times for hardwareand software support.• HP Datacenter Care enables you to operate and evolve your IT environment at a lowercost and with more agility, including our HP Flexible Capacity Service to acquire IT withoutimpacting capital budget.• Our support technology lets you to tap into the knowledge of millions of devices andthousands of experts to stay informed and in control, anywhere, any time.Learn more at /servers//servers/ml350gen9/qs/qref/ml350gen9。

An Introduction to Modern GPU ArchitectureAshu RegeDirector of Developer TechnologyAgenda•Evolution of GPUs•Computing Revolution•Stream Processing•Architecture details of modern GPUsEvolution of GPUs(1995-1999)•1995 –NV1•1997 –Riva 128 (NV3), DX3•1998 –Riva TNT (NV4), DX5•32 bit color, 24 bit Z, 8 bit stencil •Dual texture, bilinear filtering•2 pixels per clock (ppc)•1999 –Riva TNT2 (NV5), DX6•Faster TNT•128b memory interface•32 MB memory•The chip that would not die☺Virtua Fighter (SEGA Corporation)NV150K triangles/sec 1M pixel ops/sec 1M transistors16-bit color Nearest filtering1995(Fixed Function)•GeForce 256 (NV10)•DirectX 7.0•Hardware T&L •Cubemaps•DOT3 –bump mapping •Register combiners•2x Anisotropic filtering •Trilinear filtering•DXT texture compression • 4 ppc•Term “GPU”introducedDeus Ex(Eidos/Ion Storm)NV1015M triangles/sec 480M pixel ops/sec 23M transistors32-bit color Trilinear filtering1999NV10 –Register CombinersInput RGB, AlphaRegisters Input Alpha, BlueRegistersInputMappingsInputMappingsABCDA op1BC op2DAB op3CDRGB FunctionABCDABCDAB op4CDAlphaFunctionRGBScale/BiasAlphaScale/BiasNext Combiner’sRGB RegistersNext Combiner’sAlpha RegistersRGB Portion Alpha Portion(Shader Model 1.0)•GeForce 3 (NV20)•NV2A –Xbox GPU •DirectX 8.0•Vertex and Pixel Shaders•3D Textures •Hardware Shadow Maps •8x Anisotropic filtering •Multisample AA (MSAA)• 4 ppcRagnarok Online (Atari/Gravity)NV20100M triangles/sec 1G pixel ops/sec 57M transistors Vertex/Pixel shadersMSAA2001(Shader Model 2.0)•GeForce FX Series (NV3x)•DirectX 9.0•Floating Point and “Long”Vertex and Pixel Shaders•Shader Model 2.0•256 vertex ops•32 tex+ 64 arith pixel ops •Shader Model 2.0a•256 vertex ops•Up to 512 ops •Shading Languages •HLSL, Cg, GLSLDawn Demo(NVIDIA)NV30200M triangles/sec 2G pixel ops/sec 125M transistors Shader Model 2.0a2003(Shader Model 3.0)•GeForce 6 Series (NV4x)•DirectX 9.0c•Shader Model 3.0•Dynamic Flow Control inVertex and Pixel Shaders1•Branching, Looping, Predication, …•Vertex Texture Fetch•High Dynamic Range (HDR)•64 bit render target•FP16x4 Texture Filtering and Blending 1Some flow control first introduced in SM2.0aFar Cry HDR(Ubisoft/Crytek)NV40600M triangles/sec 12.8G pixel ops/sec 220M transistors Shader Model 3.0 Rotated Grid MSAA 16x Aniso, SLI2004Far Cry –No HDR/HDR ComparisonEvolution of GPUs (Shader Model 4.0)• GeForce 8 Series (G8x) • DirectX 10.0• • • • Shader Model 4.0 Geometry Shaders No “caps bits” Unified ShadersCrysis(EA/Crytek)• New Driver Model in Vista • CUDA based GPU computing • GPUs become true computing processors measured in GFLOPSG80 Unified Shader Cores w/ Stream Processors 681M transistorsShader Model 4.0 8x MSAA, CSAA2006Crysis. Images courtesy of Crytek.As Of Today…• • • • GeForce GTX 280 (GT200) DX10 1.4 billion transistors 576 mm2 in 65nm CMOS• 240 stream processors • 933 GFLOPS peak • 1.3GHz processor clock • 1GB DRAM • 512 pin DRAM interface • 142 GB/s peakStunning Graphics RealismLush, Rich WorldsCrysis © 2006 Crytek / Electronic ArtsHellgate: London © 2005-2006 Flagship Studios, Inc. Licensed by NAMCO BANDAI Games America, Inc.Incredible Physics EffectsCore of the Definitive Gaming PlatformWhat Is Behind This Computing Revolution?• Unified Scalar Shader Architecture• Highly Data Parallel Stream Processing • Next, let’s try to understand what these terms mean…Unified Scalar Shader ArchitectureGraphics Pipelines For Last 20 YearsProcessor per functionVertex Triangle Pixel ROP MemoryT&L evolved to vertex shadingTriangle, point, line – setupFlat shading, texturing, eventually pixel shading Blending, Z-buffering, antialiasingWider and faster over the yearsShaders in Direct3D• DirectX 9: Vertex Shader, Pixel Shader • DirectX 10: Vertex Shader, Geometry Shader, Pixel Shader • DirectX 11: Vertex Shader, Hull Shader, Domain Shader, Geometry Shader, Pixel Shader, Compute Shader • Observation: All of these shaders require the same basic functionality: Texturing (or Data Loads) and Math Ops.Unified PipelineGeometry(new in DX10)Physics VertexFutureTexture + Floating Point ProcessorROP MemoryPixelCompute(CUDA, DX11 Compute, OpenCL)Why Unify?Vertex ShaderPixel ShaderIdle hardwareVertex ShaderIdle hardwareUnbalanced and inefficient utilization in nonunified architectureHeavy Geometry Workload Perf = 4Pixel Shader Heavy Pixel Workload Perf = 8Why Unify?Unified ShaderVertex WorkloadPixelOptimal utilization In unified architectureUnified ShaderPixel WorkloadVertexHeavy Geometry Workload Perf = 11Heavy Pixel Workload Perf = 11Why Scalar Instruction Shader (1)• Vector ALU – efficiency varies • • 4 MAD r2.xyzw, r0.xyzw, r1.xyzw – 100% utilization • • 3 DP3 r2.w, r0.xyz, r1.xyz – 75% • • 2 MUL r2.xy, r0.xy, r1.xy – 50% • • 1 ADD r2.w, r0.x, r1.x – 25%Why Scalar Instruction Shader (2)• Vector ALU with co-issue – better but not perfect • DP3 r2.x, r0.xyz, r1.xyz } 100% • 4 ADD r2.w, r0.w, r1.w • • 3 DP3 r2.w, r0.xyz, r1.xyz • Cannot co-issue • 1 ADD r2.w, r0.w, r2.w • Vector/VLIW architecture – More compiler work required • G8x, GT200: scalar – always 100% efficient, simple to compile • Up to 2x effective throughput advantage relative to vectorComplex Shader Performance on Scalar Arch.Procedural Perlin Noise FireProcedural Fire5 4.5 4 3.5 3 2.5 2 1.5 1 0.5 0 7900GTX 8800GTXConclusion• Build a unified architecture with scalar cores where all shader operations are done on the same processorsStream ProcessingThe Supercomputing Revolution (1)The Supercomputing Revolution (2)What Accounts For This Difference?• Need to understand how CPUs and GPUs differ• Latency Intolerance versus Latency Tolerance • Task Parallelism versus Data Parallelism • Multi-threaded Cores versus SIMT (Single Instruction Multiple Thread) Cores • 10s of Threads versus 10,000s of ThreadsLatency and Throughput• “Latency is a time delay between the moment something is initiated, and the moment one of its effects begins or becomes detectable”• For example, the time delay between a request for texture reading and texture data returns• Throughput is the amount of work done in a given amount of time• For example, how many triangles processed per second• CPUs are low latency low throughput processors • GPUs are high latency high throughput processors•GPUs are designed for tasks that can tolerate latency•Example: Graphics in a game (simplified scenario):•To be efficient, GPUs must have high throughput , i.e. processing millions of pixels in a single frame CPUGenerateFrame 0Generate Frame 1Generate Frame 2GPU Idle RenderFrame 0Render Frame 1Latency between frame generation and rendering (order of milliseconds)•CPUs are designed to minimize latency•Example: Mouse or keyboard input•Caches are needed to minimize latency•CPUs are designed to maximize running operations out of cache •Instruction pre-fetch•Out-of-order execution, flow control• CPUs need a large cache, GPUs do not•GPUs can dedicate more of the transistor area to computation horsepowerCPU versus GPU Transistor Allocation•GPUs can have more ALUs for the same sized chip and therefore run many more threads of computation•Modern GPUs run 10,000s of threads concurrentlyDRAM Cache ALU Control ALUALUALUDRAM CPU GPUManaging Threads On A GPU•How do we:•Avoid synchronization issues between so many threads?•Dispatch, schedule, cache, and context switch 10,000s of threads?•Program 10,000s of threads?•Design GPUs to run specific types of threads:•Independent of each other –no synchronization issues•SIMD (Single Instruction Multiple Data) threads –minimize thread management •Reduce hardware overhead for scheduling, caching etc.•Program blocks of threads (e.g. one pixel shader per draw call, or group of pixels)•Any problems which can be solved with this type of computation?Data Parallel Problems•Plenty of problems fall into this category (luckily ☺)•Graphics, image & video processing, physics, scientific computing, …•This type of parallelism is called data parallelism•And GPUs are the perfect solution for them!•In fact the more the data, the more efficient GPUs become at these algorithms •Bonus: You can relatively easily add more processing cores to a GPU andincrease the throughputParallelism in CPUs v. GPUs•CPUs use task parallelism•Multiple tasks map to multiplethreads•Tasks run different instructions•10s of relatively heavyweight threadsrun on 10s of cores•Each thread managed and scheduledexplicitly•Each thread has to be individuallyprogrammed •GPUs use data parallelism•SIMD model (Single InstructionMultiple Data)•Same instruction on different data•10,000s of lightweight threads on 100sof cores•Threads are managed and scheduledby hardware•Programming done for batches ofthreads (e.g. one pixel shader pergroup of pixels, or draw call)Stream Processing•What we just described:•Given a (typically large) set of data (“stream”)•Run the same series of operations (“kernel”or“shader”) on all of the data (SIMD)•GPUs use various optimizations to improve throughput:•Some on-chip memory and local caches to reduce bandwidth to external memory •Batch groups of threads to minimize incoherent memory access•Bad access patterns will lead to higher latency and/or thread stalls.•Eliminate unnecessary operations by exiting or killing threads•Example: Z-Culling and Early-Z to kill pixels which will not be displayedTo Summarize•GPUs use stream processing to achieve high throughput •GPUs designed to solve problems that tolerate high latencies•High latency tolerance Lower cache requirements•Less transistor area for cache More area for computing units•More computing units 10,000s of SIMD threads and high throughput•GPUs win ☺•Additionally:•Threads managed by hardware You are not required to write code for each thread and manage them yourself•Easier to increase parallelism by adding more processors•So, fundamental unit of a modern GPU is a stream processor…G80 and GT200 Streaming ProcessorArchitectureBuilding a Programmable GPU•The future of high throughput computing is programmable stream processing•So build the architecture around the unified scalar stream processing cores•GeForce 8800 GTX (G80) was the first GPU architecture built with this new paradigmG80 Replaces The Pipeline ModelHost Input Assembler Setup / Rstr / ZCull Geom Thread Issue Pixel Thread Issue128 Unified Streaming ProcessorsSP SP SP SPVtx Thread IssueSPSPSPSPSPSPSPSPSPSPSPSPTFTFTFTFTFTFTFTFL1L1L1L1L1L1L1L1L2 FB FBL2 FBL2 FBL2 FBL2 FBL2Thread ProcessorGT200 Adds More Processing PowerHost CPU System MemoryHost Interface Input Assemble Vertex Work Distribution Geometry Work Distribution Viewport / Clip / Setup / Raster / ZCull Pixel Work Distribution Compute Work DistributionGPUInterconnection Network ROP L2 ROP L2 ROP L2 ROP L2 ROP L2 ROP L2 ROP L2 ROP L2DRAMDRAMDRAMDRAMDRAMDRAMDRAMDRAM8800GTX (high-end G80)16 Stream Multiprocessors• Each one contains 8 unified streaming processors – 128 in totalGTX280 (high-end GT200)24 Stream Multiprocessors• Each one contains 8 unified streaming processors – 240 in totalInside a Stream Multiprocessor (SM)• Scalar register-based ISA • Multithreaded Instruction Unit• Up to 1024 concurrent threads • Hardware thread scheduling • In-order issueTPC I-Cache MT Issue C-CacheSP SP SP SP SP SP SP SPSFU SFU• 8 SP: Thread Processors• IEEE 754 32-bit floating point • 32-bit and 64-bit integer • 16K 32-bit registers• 2 SFU: Special Function Units• sin, cos, log, exp• Double Precision Unit• IEEE 754 64-bit floating point • Fused multiply-add DPShared Memory• 16KB Shared MemoryMultiprocessor Programming Model• Workloads are partitioned into blocks of threads among multiprocessors• a block runs to completion • a block doesn’t run until resources are available• Allocation of hardware resources• shared memory is partitioned among blocks • registers are partitioned among threads• Hardware thread scheduling• any thread not waiting for something can run • context switching is free – every cycleMemory Hierarchy of G80 and GT200• SM can directly access device memory (video memory)• Not cached • Read & write • GT200: 140 GB/s peak• SM can access device memory via texture unit• Cached • Read-only, for textures and constants • GT200: 48 GTexels/s peak• On-chip shared memory shared among threads in an SM• important for communication amongst threads • provides low-latency temporary storage • G80 & GT200: 16KB per SMPerformance Per Millimeter• For GPU, performance == throughput• Cache are limited in the memory hierarchy• Strategy: hide latency with computation, not cache• Heavy multithreading • Switch to another group of threads when the current group is waiting for memory access• Implication: need large number of threads to hide latency• Occupancy: typically 128 threads/SM minimum • Maximum 1024 threads/SM on GT200 (total 1024 * 24 = 24,576 threads)• Strategy: Single Instruction Multiple Thread (SIMT)SIMT Thread Execution• Group 32 threads (vertices, pixels or primitives) into warps• Threads in warp execute same instruction at a time • Shared instruction fetch/dispatch • Hardware automatically handles divergence (branches)TPC I-Cache MT Issue C-CacheSP SP SP SP SP SP SP SPSFU SFU• Warps are the primitive unit of scheduling• Pick 1 of 24 warps for each instruction slot• SIMT execution is an implementation choice• Shared control logic leaves more space for ALUs • Largely invisible to programmerDPShared MemoryShader Branching Performance• G8x/G9x/GT200 branch efficiency is 32 threads (1 warp) • If threads diverge, both sides of branch will execute on all 32 • More efficient compared to architecture with branch efficiency of 48 threadsG80 – 32 pixel coherence 48 pixel coherence 16 14 number of coherent 4x4 tiles 12 10 8 6 4 2 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% 120% PS Branching EfficiencyConclusion:G80 and GT200 Streaming Processor Architecture• Execute in blocks can maximally exploits data parallelism• Minimize incoherent memory access • Adding more ALU yields better performance• Performs data processing in SIMT fashion• Group 32 threads into warps • Threads in warp execute same instruction at a time• Thread scheduling is automatically handled by hardware• Context switching is free (every cycle) • Transparent scalability. Easy for programming• Memory latency is covered by large number of in-flight threads• Cache is mainly used for read-only memory access (texture, constants).。

enable-gpu-rasterization 原理Title: Understanding the Principle of GPU RasterizationIntroduction:GPU rasterization, also known as Graphics Processing Unit rasterization, is a technique used in computer graphics to transform three-dimensional geometric data into two-dimensional images. This article will delve into the principle behind GPU rasterization, exploring the steps involved and the benefits it offers for efficient image rendering.I. Recapitulating the Rendering Pipeline:Before delving into GPU rasterization, it is essential to understand the rendering pipeline, which is the series of steps involved in transforming three-dimensional models into two-dimensional images for display. The rendering pipeline consists of several stages, including geometry processing, vertex shading, rasterization, fragment shading, and frame buffer operations. GPU rasterization plays a crucial role in the rasterization stage, which transforms the geometric data into fragments that can be shaded and rendered onto the screen.II. Defining Rasterization:Rasterization, in the context of computer graphics, is the process of converting geometric data (defined by lines, curves, and polygons) into a two-dimensional image composed of an array of pixels. The input to rasterization is a set of primitives, such as triangles or quads, each defined by its vertices and attributes like color and texture coordinates. The output of rasterization is a collection of fragments, which the GPU uses for further processing.III. Understanding the Principles of GPU Rasterization:The GPU rasterization process can be broken down into several steps:1. Primitive Assembly:The first step in rasterization is primitive assembly. This stage gathers the necessary vertex attributes and assembles the primitives (e.g., triangles) from the input vertices. It also performs back-face culling, which eliminates primitives that are not visible to the viewer.2. Vertex Transformation:The next step is vertex transformation. In this stage, each vertex ofthe assembled primitive is transformed from its original local coordinate space to a global coordinate space using a series of mathematical transformations. These transformations may include translation, rotation, scaling, and projection.3. Clipping:After the vertices have been transformed, the primitives are subjected to a clipping process. This stage removes any parts of the primitive that fall outside the view frustum (the region of space that appears within the camera's field of view). Clipping ensures that only the relevant portions of the primitives are passed to the subsequent stages.4. Perspective Division:Following clipping, the perspective division stage converts the transformed vertices from a perspective view to a normalized device coordinate (NDC) space. This step is crucial for maintaining consistent proportions and distance in the rendered image.5. Rasterization:Once the vertices have undergone perspective division, the rasterization stage begins. This step involves dividing the primitivesinto smaller units called fragments, which represent individual pixels on the screen. For example, each triangle may be subdivided into a series of smaller triangles, each corresponding to one or more fragments.6. Attribute Interpolation:After rasterization, the attributes associated with the vertices (e.g., color, texture coordinates) are interpolated across the fragments generated for each primitive. This allows for smooth transitions and accurate representation of the underlying geometry.7. Fragment Shading:In the final step of GPU rasterization, fragment shading occurs. Fragment shading assigns colors to the fragments based on lighting models, textures, and other material properties. This stage takes into account factors such as light sources, shadows, and reflections, resulting in the final appearance of the rendered image.IV. Benefits of GPU Rasterization:GPU rasterization offers several advantages for efficient image rendering:1. Parallelism: The GPU's architecture enables thousands of processing cores to work simultaneously, making rasterization a highly parallel process. This parallelism allows for real-time rendering of complex scenes with millions of polygons.2. Hardware Acceleration: GPUs are specifically designed for rasterization and rendering tasks, with dedicated hardware features optimized for these operations. This specialization allows for faster and more efficient processing compared to CPU-based rasterization.3. Flexibility: GPU rasterization is adaptable to various rendering techniques, such as wireframe, flat shading, Gouraud shading, and Phong shading, providing flexibility in achieving different visual effects.4. Real-time Interactivity: GPU rasterization plays a crucial role in achieving real-time rendering, which is paramount in applications like video games, architectural visualization, and virtual reality, where interactive and responsive experiences are required.Conclusion:GPU rasterization is a key component of the rendering pipeline, responsible for transforming geometric data into fragments that can be shaded and displayed on the screen. By understanding the principles behind GPU rasterization, one can appreciate its role in achieving real-time and visually impressive graphics rendering. The parallelism and hardware acceleration offered by GPUs make rasterization an efficient and effective technique in computer graphics.。

针真机工裡裘用妓术信■与电圈China Computer & Communication2020年第24期基于VDI技术的桌面云架构与调度方案一一以西藏大学实施部署VD I为例普布旦增索朗次仁尼玛扎西仁青诺布(西藏大学信息科学技术学院，西藏拉萨850000)摘要：本文首先介绍了桌面云的背景知识，阐述了主流桌面云平台实现的技术和协议，进而针对西藏大学公共计 算机机房使用VDI桌面云平台的现状，进行多服务器的架构和调度设计，并针对云平台中心节点单点故障设计一种高可 用的调度策略，实现了主控HA调度方案的桌面虚拟化。

经过测试发现，桌面云在性能、稳定测试等方面达到了预期效果。

关键词：VDI桌面云；调度方案；主控H A中图分类号：TP393 文献标识码：A文章编号：1003-9767 (2020) 24-012-05Desktop Cloud Infrastructure and AdjustmentScheme Based on VDITechnology-----Taking the Implementation of VDI at Tibet University as an ExamplePubu Danzeng，Suolang Ciren，Nima Zhaxi，Renqing Nuobu(School of Information Science and Technology, Tibet University, Lhasa Tibet 850000, China) Abstract: This paper first introduces the background knowledge of desktop cloud, describes the technology and protocol of mainstream desktop cloud platform, and then according to the current situation of public computer room of Tibet University using VDI desktop cloud platform, designs the multi server architecture and scheduling, and designs a highly available scheduling strategy for the single point of failure of the central node of the cloud platform, and realizes the implementation of the master ha scheduling scheme Face virtualization. After testing, it is found that desktop cloud has achieved the expected results in performance and stability testing.Keywords：VDI desktop cloud; adjustment scheme; the master control HA〇引言教育信息化经过多年的飞速发展，高校数字化校园建设 日趋完善，但校园实训室IT基础设施仍以各种型号的计算机 为主，但随着校园实训室IT基础设施的复杂性越来越高，继 续沿用10年前的P C架构已无法很好地满足学校对设备管理 和使用的敏捷性要求。

AEIP-25KEY FEATURES: Model EIP-25Weighs about 8 lbs! Footprint about the same as a legal notepad! 2500 ANSI Lumens, 80% uniformity, and 1800:1 contrast ratio. True XGA resolution. SXGA, XGA, SVGA, and VGA compatible. Quiet operation: operating noise about 34 dBA.Smart data compression / expansion, and video scaling. Easy to use and convenient manual zoom and focus lens. Preset image offset. Vertical digital keystone correction.Accepts Composite, S, and Component Video in all major standards. Displays both Normal 4:3 and Widescreen 16:9 ratio video formats. Supports HDTV at 1080i, 1035i & 720p. Supports SD at 480i/p & 575i/p. Slideshow Page Up/Down on remote control. Factory defaults reset. Wireless remote with mouse and Laser pointer. 14X digital zoom.Included Accessories: Quick Start Guide.Owner’s Manual. North America 3-prong grounded and polarized AC Power Cord & 2-prongpolarized Adapter with ground wire. European 2-prong AC Power Cord. Lens Cover & Retainer. VGA type Computer Input Cable (HD15 ~ HD15). DVI-D ~ DVI-D Computer Input Cable. Computer Audio In/Out Cable (Stereo Mini~Stereo Mini). S-Video cable (Mini Din~Mini Din). Composite Video & Audio Input Cable (RCAx3~RCAx3). Component Video Input Cable (RCAx3~RCAx3). Progressive Scan Input Cable (HD15~RCAx3). Mouse Cable (USB-A~USB-B). Wireless Remote Control With Mouse and Laser Pointer & Batteries (AAA x 2). Padded Carry Bag with Shoulder Strap.Optional Accessories: Replacement Lamp. Ceiling Mount. Ceiling Post and Plate.SPECIFICATIONS: Model EIP-25Screen Brightness 2,500 ANSI Lumens Illumination Uniformity 80%Size of Color Palette 16.7 Million Contrast Ratio 1800:1 (Full ON/OFF)Horizontal Resolution 800 TV Lines Projection Lamp 250 Watt VIP Estimated Lamp Life 1500 Hours Imaging System 0.7" DDR XGA DMD Screen Pixels 1024x768 in stripe configuration Total Pixels 786,432 (1024x768 ) Lens Type Manual Zoom and Focus Lens Specs Speed: f:2.4~2.6; FL: 28~33.6 mm (1.102~1.33 in.)Lens Ratios Zoom Max:Min: 1.2:1; Throw:Width: 2.0~2.4:1 Image Diagonal 76.2~762 cm (30~300 in.)Image Width 0.61~6.1 m. (2.0~20 ft.)Throw Distance 1.25~15 m. (4.1~49.2 ft.)Front Elevation / Maximum Tilt up to 80 up / +/- 200 Anti Keystone Fixed Image Offset, Ratio (Top:Bottom) 36:-3 (108%)Vertical Keystone Correction Digital: up to 20° up or down Scanning Frequency Auto: H Sync. 15-100kHz; V Sync. 50-100Hz Dot Clock 140 MHz Image Orientation Normal, Reversed, Inverted Local Control Full Function Remote Proj & Mouse Ctrl Wireless (Infra Red) with Laser Pointer x 1Mouse Port USB x 1Computer Native Resolution 1024x768 (XGA)Computer: Compatibility SXGA, XGA, SVGA, VGA Computer: Formats 1280x1024, 1024x768, 800x600, 640x480Computer: Higher Resolutions Displayed Smart CompressedComputer: Lower Resolution Displayed Smart Expanded Video: Color Systems NTSC / PAL / SECAM / NTSC 4.43 / PAL-M&N Video: Resolutions 480i/p, 575i, 720p, 1035i, 1080i Video: Formats Supported Normal 4:3 and Wide Screen 16:9Video: Image Sizing Video Scaling Technology Computer In- 1: Analog: HD15 x1, Audio: Stereo - MiniStereo x12: Digital: DVI-D x 1, Audio: Stereo - MiniStereo x1 Video In -1 Composite RCA x 1 (Y) 2. S-Video S-Video x 1 (Y/C) 3. Component, interlaced RCA x 3 (YCbCr) 4. Component, Progressive HD15 x 1(Computer (YCbCr) Audio: Stereo: RCA x 2 (L&R)Computer Out - Analog HD15 x 1, Audio: Stereo - MiniStereo x 1Audio: Amplifier Stereo:Output 2.5 Watt RMS x 2Audio: Built In Speakers 4 x 2.8 cm (1.6 x 1.1 in.) x 2Operating Noise 34 dBA typical Cabinet Size** (HxWxD) 105 x 330 x 277 mm. (4.13 x 12.99 x 10.90 in.)Weight 3.7kg (8.15 lbs.)Packaged Size (H x W x D) 350 x 444 x 474mm. (13.7 x 17.5 x 18.7in.) Packaged Weight 7.8 kg (17.2 lb)Power Requirements 100-240V AC, 50/60Hz Power Consumption / Heat 350 W /301 Kcal/hr (1194 BTU/hr)Power Cord 1.8M (6') Type 3, Detachable Safety Compliance cULus Listed Security Facilities Kensington® Security Slot Operating Temperature 3~350C (41~950F)User Maintenance Replace LampThe Laser Pointer in the remote control of this projector complies with US FDA 21 CFRCaution! Laser Radiation – Do not stare into beam. Max. Output: 1 mW. Wave Length: 650 +/- 20 nm. Class II Laser Product.EIP-25The Lamp in this projector contains trace elements of mercury. As a public service EIKI publishes the following notice.Lamp contains Mercury. Do not put in trash. Dispose of as Hazardous Waste, according to Local, State or Federal Laws.Specifications subject to change without notice. ©2004 Eiki International, Inc. Issued January 15, 2004..Eiki Industrial Co. Ltd. Naniwa Bldg. 4-12 Manzia-Cho Kita-Ku, Osaka 530 JapanTel:(01181)6311-9479Fax:(01181)6311-8486Email:*****************:。

Synology DS1819+ is an 8-bay NAS designed for small and medium-sized businesses, providingoutstanding performance with great expandability. With various built-in applications and comprehensive data protection technologies, DS1819+ fulfills different business needs while safeguarding users' valuable digital assets. DS1819+ is backed up by Synology's 3-year limited warranty.DiskStationDS1819+Highlights• Quad-core, 2.1 GHz CPU with AES-NI encryption engine• 4 GB DDR4 memory pre-installed, expandable up to 32 GB 1• Superior sequential throughput at over 2,045 MB/s reading and 656 MB/s writing 2• Boost IOPS performance with M.2 NVMe/SATA SSD cache through optional M2D18 adapter card 3• Four Gigabit LAN ports (RJ-45) with failover and Link Aggregation support; Optional 10GbE add-on card provides high-speed data transfer rate • Scalable up to 18 drives with two expansion unit DX517 to meet high capacity demands 4• Ready for deploying dynamic virtualization environments includes VMware vSphere, Microsoft Hyper-V, Citrix XenServer and OpenStack CinderScalable Storage with Outstanding PerformanceDS1819+ is an 8-bay desktop network attached storage built with great scalability and performance, ideally suitable for growing businesses. You can easily scale it up to 18 drives with two expansion unit DX5174 when needing more storage capacity. In addition, M.2 SSD adapter M2D183 is available for you to supercharge the random IOPS through SSD cache, while an optional 10Gb Ethernet adapter escalates data transmission bandwidth to meet intensive workload demands.DS1819+ is equipped with one quad-core processor and 4 GB memory 1 (upgradable to 32 GB), delivering sequential throughput at over 2,045 MB/s reading and 656 MB/s writing under aggregated 10Gb Ethernet environment 2. The built-in four Gigabit LAN ports support failover and Link Aggregation. DS1819+ can also be deployed with your existing virtualization environments with its dynamic virtual machine certificates.Btrfs: Next Generation Storage EfficiencyDS1819+ introduces the Btrfs file system , bringing the most advanced storage technologies to meet the management needs of modern businesses:• Advanced snapshot technology with customizable backup schedule allows shared folders to be backed up in a minimum 5-minute interval, without consuming heavy system resources.• File and folder level data restoration brings huge conveniences and saves time for users who wish to restore only a specific file or folder.• Flexible Shared Folder and User Quota System provides comprehensive quota control on all user accounts and shared folders.• File self-healing: Btrfs file system is able to auto-detect corrupted files with mirrored metadata, and recover broken data using the supported RAID volumes, including RAID1, 5, 6, and 10.• Advanced LUN offered by the cutting-edge iSCSI service built for administrators provides lightning-fast snapshot creation, recovery and cloning.Ultimate Backup SolutionDS1819+ integrates various backup applications to safeguard your important data on any device with an intuitive user interface and durable storage technologies.• Desktop backup: Cloud Station Backup safeguards your PC, Mac, and other desktop devices. DS1819+ is also compatible with Time Machine, allowing you to effortlessly backup your Mac to Synology NAS.• NAS backup: Hyper Backup comprehensively backs up your data to a local shared folder, an external device, another Synology NAS, an rsync server, or a public cloud service to ensure data safety.• Server/VMware backup: Active Backup for Business centralizes backup tasks for VMware virtual machines, Windows PC, servers, and rsync/SMB file servers. Fast and reliablerecovery options ensure running services, VMs and files instantly available when needed.• SaaS backup: Active Backup for Office 365/G Suite is an on-premise backup solution for public clouds with a centralized dashboard, optimizing storage efficiency through the single instancing and block-level deduplication technology.Powerful Collaboration SolutionUse the collaboration suite on your Synology NAS to build a private cloud to enhance team cooperation and boost productivity.• Synology Drive allows you to access the data and files on Synology NAS through a unified portal and supports cross-platform synchronization to allow anywhere dataaccess. You can also install the online editor Synology Office and collaborate with others on Document , Spreadsheet , and Slides .• Synology MailPlus allows your business to set up a private and reliable mail server with the support of high-availability design and gives your employees an intuitive web-based client to manage emails and boost productivity.• Synology Calendar enables you to manage team schedules and organize daily tasks effortlessly. Event information can also be synced to your CalDAV clients, allowing you to check schedules anywhere and anytime.• Synology Chat is a web-based application that allows you to start conversationsinstantly and safely and optimizes companies’ internal communications with its powerful information management and interaction features.Effortless Virtualization DeploymentSynology’s Virtual Machine Manager adds boundless capabilities to your NAS. Set up and run various virtual machines including Windows , Linux , and Virtual DSM on your NAS to test new software versions in a sandbox environment, isolate yourcustomers' machines, and increase the flexibility of your DS1819+ with reduced hardware deployment and maintenance costs. Synology iSCSI storage fully supports mostvirtualization solutions to enhance work efficiency with a simple management interface. VMware vSphere™ 6.5 and VAAI integration helps to offload storage operations and optimizes computation efficiency. Windows Offloaded Data Transfer (ODX) speeds up data transfer and migration rates, while the support for OpenStack Cinder transformsyour Synology NAS into a block-based storage component.Synology Collaboration SuiteA powerful and secure private cloud solution for business collaboration and organization, offering intuitive andeffective management options.Synology Active Backup SuiteIntegrated, modern, and license-free backup & instant recovery solution for business workloads in physical, virtual, and cloud environmentsVirtual Machine ManagerDS1819+ is designed with virtualization in mind. Virtual Machine Manager enables you to test new software in sandboxes, isolate your customers' machines, and increase the flexibility of your server.• Virtual DSM provides an equally intuitive experience as DiskStation Manager, offering a reliable storage solution with robust features.• Various Operating Systems Supported lets you run Windows, Linux, and Virtual DSM on your Synology NAS in just a few steps.• Snapshots for Virtual Machines is a snapshot technology provided by Virtual Machine Manager, allowing you to perfectly clone and restore a virtual machine within seconds.• Live Migration lets you seamlessly migrate Virtual DSM instances from one Synology NAS to another.• Flexible IT Resource Management enables you to allocate hardware resources such as computing power, storage space, or network interfaces across several virtual machines.• Multi-Tenant Environments allow you to create multiple isolated virtual machines for subsidiary business units or departments.• Synology iSCSI Storage fully supports most virtualization solutions to enhance work efficiency with a simple management interface.Running on Synology DiskStation Manager (DSM)Synology DiskStation Manager (DSM) is a web-based operating system tailor-madefor every Synology NAS. Featuring an intuitive multitasking user interface, DSM provides simple desktop-like experience to minimize the efforts in exploring and managing your Synology NAS.The built-in Package Center allows you to download and install a variety of packages designed specifically for your unique needs, including file backup, virtualization, productivity, safeguard security and utilities.With all the built-in and add-on features, DSM provides you with complete andfine-grained control of your DS1819+, maximizing your productivity and make the best out of your digital assets. All can be done with just a few clicks.Virtual Machine ManagerVirtual Machine Manager implements various virtualization solutions, allowing you to manage multiple virtual machines on your DS1819+, including Windows, Linux, and Virtual DSM.Technical SpecificationsHardwareCPUIntel Atom C3538 quad-core 2.1GHz Hardware encryption engine Yes (AES-NI)Memory4 GB DDR4 Non-ECC SO-DIMM 1 (expandable up to 32 GB wtih 16 GB ECC SO-DIMM x 2)Compatible drive type • 8 x 3.5” or 2.5” SATA HDD/SSD (drives not included)• 2 x M.2 2280/2260/2242 NVMe/SATA SSD 3 (drives not included)Hot swappable drive YesExternal port • 4 x USB 3.0 port • 2 x eSATA port Size (HxWxD)166 x 343 x 243 mm Weight 6 kgLAN4 x Gigabit (RJ-45)Wake on LAN/WAN YesPCIe 3.0 slot• 1 x 4-lane x8 slot• 10GbE network interface card support• M.2 NVMe/SATA SSD adapter card support 3Scheduled power on/off YesSystem fan2 (120 x 120 x 25 mm)AC input power voltage 100V to 240V AC Power frequency 50/60Hz, single phase Operating temperature 0°C to 40°C (32°F to 104°F)Storage temperature -20°C to 60°C (-5°F to 140°F)Relative humidity5% to 95% RH Maximum operating altitude3,048 m (10,000 ft)General DSM SpecificationNetworking protocol SMB, AFP , NFS, FTP , WebDAV, CalDAV, iSCSI, Telnet, SSH, SNMP , VPN (PPTP , OpenVPN ™, L2TP)File system• Internal: Btrfs, ext4• External: Btrfs, ext4, ext3, FAT, NTFS, HFS+, exFAT 5Supported RAID type Synology Hybrid RAID (SHR), Basic, JBOD, RAID 0, RAID 1, RAID 5, RAID 6, RAID 10Storage management• Maximum single volume size: 108TB • Maximum of system snapshots: 65,5366• Maximum internal volumes: 512Hardware Overview1Status indicator 2Alert indicator 3Power button 4LAN indicator 5Drive status indicator 6Drive tray 7USB 3.0 port 8Power port 9eSATA port 101GbE RJ-45 port 11Reset button12USB 3.0 port13Fan14PCIe expansion slotSSD cache • Read-write cache support• M.2 SSD support (M.2 NVMe/SATA SSD)3File sharing capability • Maximum local user accounts: 2,048• Maximum local groups: 256• Maximum shared folders: 512• Maximum concurrent SMB/NFS/AFP/FTP connections: 1,000Privilege Windows Access Control List (ACL), application privilegesDirectory service Windows® AD integration: Domain users login via SMB/NFS/AFP/FTP/File Station, LDAP integration Virtualization VMware vSphere® 6.5, Microsoft Hyper-V®, Citrix®, OpenStack®Security Firewall, encryption shared folder, SMB encryption, FTP over SSL/TLS, SFTP, rsync over SSH, login autoblock, Let's Encrypt support, HTTPS (customizable cipher suite)Supported client Windows 7 and 10, Mac OS X 10.11 onwardsSupported browser Chrome®, Firefox®, Internet Explorer® 10 onwards, Safari® 10 onwards; Safari (iOS 10 onwards), Chrome (Android™ 6.0 onwards)Interface language English, Deutsch, Français, Italiano, Español, Dansk, Norsk, Svensk, Nederlands, Русский, Polski, Magyar, Português do Brasil, Português Europeu, Türkçe, Český,ภาษาไทย,Drive Provide a universal portal to synchronize your files across various platforms, including Windows, macOS, Linux, Android, and iOS. The built-in universal portal allows you to access data anytime and anywhere.• Maximum Number of Hosted Files: 1,000,000• Maximum Number of Concurrent Connections for PC Clients: 550File Station Virtual drives, remote folders, Windows ACL editor, compressing/extracting archived files, bandwidth control for specific users/groups, creating sharing links, transfer logsFTP Server Bandwidth control for TCP connections, custom FTP passive port range, anonymous FTP, FTP SSL/TLS and SFTP protocol, boot over the network with TFTP and PXE support, transfer logsPresto File Server High-speed data transfer over WAN with exclusive SITA technology between Synology NAS and desktop7Cloud Sync One or two-way synchronization with public cloud storage providers including Alibaba Cloud OSS, Amazon Drive, Amazon S3-compatible storage, Backblaze B2, Baidu Cloud, Box, Dropbox, Google Cloud Storage, Google Drive, hubiC, MegaDisk, Microsoft OneDrive, OpenStack Swift-compatible storage, Tencent COS, WebDAV servers, Yandex DiskiSCSI Manager • Maximum iSCSI target: 128• Maximum iSCSI LUN: 256• iSCSI LUN clone/snapshot supportBackup tools DSM configuration backup, macOS Time Machine support, Cloud Station Backup Shared folder sync - maximum task number: 16Snapshot Replication • Maximum of shared folder snapshots: 1,024• Maximum of Replication: 32High Availability Manager Reduce service downtime by setting up two identical NAS into one high-availability cluster Active Backup for G Suite Support G Suite My Drive and Team Drive backup and restorationActive Backup for Office 365Support Office 365 OneDrive for Business, mail, contacts, and calendar backup and restorationActive Backup for Business All-in-one backup solution designed for heterogeneous business IT environment, enabling IT admins to remotely manage and monitor protection over PC, servers and VM on one centralized consoleProductivity & CollaborationCollaboration tools Collaborate with instant message service Chat, online editor Office, and scheduling assistant Calendar • Chat maximum user: 1,500• Office maximum user: 1,800• Calendar: support CalDAV and access via mobile devicesNote Station Rich-text note organization and versioning, encryption, sharing, media embedding and attachmentsMailPlus Server Secure, reliable, and private mail solution with high-availability, load balancing, security and filtering design (includes 5 free email account licenses; additional accounts require the purchasing of additional licenses)Other packages Video Station, Photo Station, Audio Station, iTunes® ServerSurveillance StationMaximum IP camera: 40 (total of 1200 FPS at 720p, H.264) (including two free camera licenses; additional cameras require the purchasing of Synology Directory Server Provide a flexible and cost-effective domain controller solutionCMS Provide a single interface to manage and monitor multiple Synology NAS VPN Server Maximum connection: 30, supported VPN protocol: PPTP , OpenVPN™, L2TP/IPSec Mail Server Supported Mail Server protocol: POP3, SMTP , IMAP , support LDAP/AD accountMail Station Webmail interface for Mail Server to receive emails from multiple POP3 mailboxes, customizable SMTP server Web Station Virtual host (up to 30 websites), PHP/MariaDB®, 3rd-party applications support Storage Analyzer modified files, least recently accessed filesAntivirus Essential Full system scan, scheduled scan, white list customization, virus definition auto updateiOS/Android™ applications Synology Drive, DS audio, DS photo, DS video, DS cam, DS cloud, DS file, DS finder, DS note, Moments, MailPlus Other packagesAdditional 3rd-party packages available on Package CenterEnvironment and PackagingEnvironment safetyRoHS compliant Package content• DS1819+ main unit x 1• Quick Installation Guide x 1• AC power cord x 1• Accessory pack x 1• RJ-45 LAN cable x 2Optional accessories• 4GB DDR4-2133 Non-ECC SO-DIMM (D4NS2133-4G)• 16GB DDR4-2133 ECC SO-DIMM (RAMEC2133DDR4SO-16G)• Synology E10G18-T1 / E10G18-T2 / E10G15-F1 / E10G17-F2 10Gbps Ethernet adapters • Synology M2D18 M.2 SSD adatper card • Synology Expansion Unit DX517• VisualStation VS360HD, VS960HD • Surveillance Device License Pack • MailPlus License Pack •Virtual DSM License PackWarranty 3 years 8*Model specifications are subject to change without notice. Please refer to for the latest information.1. DS1819+ comes with 4GB DDR4 Non-ECC SO-DIMM and can support up to 32GB with optional ECC SO-DIMM.2. Performance figures may vary depending on environment, usage, and configuration. Visit https:///zh-tw/products/performance for more information.3. DS1819+ supports dual M.2 SSDs through M2D18 adapter card, sold separately.4. DS1819+ supports two Synology DX517, sold separately.5. exFAT Access is purchased separately in Package Center.6. System snapshot includes snapshots taken by iSCSI Manager, Snapshot Replication, and Virtual Machine Manager. Availability of these packages varies by model.7. Presto File Server License is purchased separately in Package Center.8.5 year warranty is available as an optional bundle with EW201, 2-year Extended Warranty service add-on. Visit https:///en-global/products/Extended_Warranty for more information on availability. The warranty period starts from the purchase date as stated on your purchase receipt. Visit https:///company/legal/warranty for more information.Headqu artersSynology Inc. 9F., No.1, Yuandong Rd., Banqiao Dist., New Taipei City 220, Taiwan Tel: +886 2 2955 1814 Fax: +886 2 2955 1884ChinaSynology Shanghai200070, Room 201, No. 511, Tianmu W. Rd., Jingan Dist. Shanghai, China FranceSynology France SARL102 Terrasse Boieldieu (TOUR W)92800 Puteaux, FranceTel: +33 147 176288North & South AmericaSynology America Corp.3535 Factoria Blvd SE,Suite #200, Bellevue, WA 98006, USATel: +1 425 818 1587United KingdomSynology UK Ltd.Unit 5 Danbury Court, Linford Wood, Milton Keynes, MK14 6PL, United Kingdom GermanySynology GmbHGrafenberger Allee 125 40237 DüsseldorfDeutschlandTel: +49 211 9666 9666JapanSynology Japan Co., Ltd4F, 3-1-2, Higashikanda, Chiyoda-ku,Tokyo, 101-0031, JapanSYNOLOGY INC.Synology creates network-attached storage, IP surveillance solutions, and network equipment that transform the way users manage data, conduct surveillance, and manage networks in the cloud era. By taking full advantage of the latest technologies, Synology aims to help users centralize data storage and backup, share files on-the-go, implement professional surveillance solutions, and manage networks in reliable and affordable ways. Synology is committed to delivering products with forward-thinking features and the best in class customer services.Copyright © 2019, Synology Inc. All rights reserved. Synology, the Synology logo are trademarks or registered trademarks of Synology Inc. Other product and company names mentioned herein may be trademarks of their respective companies. Synology may make changes to specification and product descriptions at anytime, without notice.DS1819+-2019-ENU-REV003。

Description:This full-featured CPU based device is ideal for the detection of AirContami-nants. In residential and commercial environment, Omicron's IAQSensor has high sensitivity to VOCs and odorous gases. This unit comeswith an LCD display with back lighting for easy viewing. It comes standardwith humidity and temperature reading capabilities, which are vital whenmanaging air quality control, and with the manual jumper output selection,your readings have never been more precise.• High Sensitivity to VOCs and Odorous Gases• High Impact Plastic Enclosure provides Durability in Commercial Environments• Low Energy Consumption• Back-lit LCD Display• Temperature and Humidity readings all in one• RS485 Network connection, Modbus RTU at 19.2k and 9600 baud• Three transducer outputs, 4-20mA, 0-5V or 0-10V selectableOperating temperature: -30~70°C (-22~158°F)Supply Voltage: 12~24Vac±20%, 50~60Hz12~24Vdc±20%, 50~60Hz Power Consumption: 55mA @ 24Vdc Ambient Humidity Range: 0~100%RH Humidity Sensor Module: Omicron HUM-M2Air Quality Sensor Element: Figaro TGS2600Figaro TGS2602Material, Enclosure: Flame Proof Plastic Enclosure Rating: IP31Temperature Sensor: 10K thermistor ±0.5°C Color: White / Off-white Weight: 200gFeatures:Operation Functions:There are four buttons that operate the AQ:ButtonsFunctions Adjust AQ value displayed/adjust:AQ level 1/2/3, Tempera-ture unit C/F, Display scrolling On/OffTemperature value displayed/ Move in the menuModeHumidity value displayed/adjust:AQ level 1/2/3, Tem-perature unit C/F, Display scrolling On/OffEnter in the menu/Move in the menu Specifications:Dimensions:Sensors:• The controller monitors the temperature, humidity and air quality conditions in the room. Changes inany of the mentioned elements are monitored continuously, with the shortest time constant possible.• Humidity monitoring is done with the OMICRON Humidity Sensor Module HUM-M2.• Air Quality monitoring is done with the Figaro TGS2602 sensor element• Temperature monitoring is done with a 10K Thermistor.Humidity Calibration:The main criteria for selecting the OMICRON Humidity Sensor Module HUM-M2 was for its linear behavior with respect to Relative Humidity. This reduces its complexity and increasing its reproducibility and reliability to an overall 2% accuracy.Nonetheless, with error induced in PCB production and associated chips production, accuracy may be compromised.In factory, all the sensors pass a seven points calibration procedure under a controlled humidity environment to guarantee 2% accuracy.User can also perform a single point calibration with an accurate meter by adjusting the offset.Note: This might cause the loss of the accuracy.Air Quality Calibration:Calibration of Temperature:To calibrate the temperature shown on the Air Quality Sensor display, you will need a handheld mercurythermometer or digital thermometer. Hold the meter close to the thermostat and allow it to come to equilibrium. Connect Air Quality Sensor to the PC via a RS485 cable. And then, run a Modbus Tool to show and modify the registers. After temperature comes to equilibrium, write a correct temperature to the Register 101, you canrepeat writing if necessary till the readings on the thermostat and meter agree. Note that the written value should be ten times of actual temperature to avoid point,for example, if the temperature is 22.3 degree, then youshould write 223.The thermostat will store the calibration figures even through extended power outages and should not need to be adjusted for many years. The main point to keep in mind when calibrating is to let everything come to equilibrium. The thermostat should be powered up for 5 minutes prior to any calibration and the thermometer should be left near the thermostat for about the same amount of time.Special consideration must be made for the Air QualityCalibration to avoid false alarms. The Figaro sensingelement is dependent on temperature humidity or basicenvironmental changes.To counter this effect, theMicroprocessor of the thermostat calculates the averagevalue of the sensor and determines if there are any airpollutants present.Any sudden change in the sensor willtrigger the alarm telling the user hazardous air is present.。

-40 to +60°C Technical SpecificationsMOBOTIX S16B DualFlexFlexible. Virtually Invisible Flush-Mount Dual-Lens Camera.The S16B from MOBOTIX is a weatherproof system that stands out first and foremost for the extremely flexible installation options it offers. Two sensor modules are connected to the concealed camera housing via cables up to three meters long. This makes it possible to discreetly monitor two neighboring rooms with just a single camera.◼Mx6 system platform 2nd generation, with MxBus, H.264 and ONVIF compatibility◼Recording on an internal MicroSD card (4 GB as standard)◼Diverse installation options and mounting accessories for sensor modules◼Max. length of each sensor module cable: 3 m◼Microphone can be used in sensor module◼Additional microphone and speaker connections◼Integrated shock detector◼Weatherproof and robust camera housing (IP66, IK06)Camera Variants S16B DualFlexFlexible and modular system: The S16B camera module (Body) Mx-S16B can be fitted with one or two sensor modules free of choice (day/ night/thermal). MOBOTIX sensor cables are available with a length from 0.5 to 3 m (1.6 to 9.8 ft.). Additionally MOBOTIX offers three different S16B Complete Sets (Mx-S16B-S1, Mx-S16B-S2, Mx-S16B-S3) with one or two hemispheric sensor modules and 2 m (6.6 ft) long sensor cables. S16B Body Mx-S16BS16B Complete Set 1 (Body + 1x Mx-O-SMA-S-6D016 + accessories)Mx-S16B-S1S16B Complete Se 2 (Body + 2x Mx-O-SMA-S-6D016 + accessories)Mx-S16B-S2S16B Complete Set 3 (Body + 1x Mx-O-SMA-S-6D016 + 1x Mx-O-SMA-S-6N016 +accessories)Mx-S16B-S3Hardware S16B DualFlexLight sensitivity in lux at 1/60 s and 1/1 s Day sensor (Color): 0.1/0.005 luxNight sensor (B/W): 0.02/0.001 lux Thermal sensor modules NETD typ. 50 mK, < 79 mK, IR range 7,5 to 13,5 μmTemperature measuring range for thermal sensor modules High Sensitivity: -40 to 160°C/-40 t0 320°FLow Sensitivity: -40 to 550°C/-40 to 1022°F Optical image sensor (color or B/W sensor)1/1.8“ CMOS, 6MP (3072 x 2048), Progressive Scan Microprocessor i.MX 6 Dual Core incl. GPU (1 GB RAM, 512 MB Flash)H.264 Hardware Codec Yes, bandwidth limitation available; output image formatup to QXGAProtection class S16B camera module (body)IP66 and IK06Protection class S16B with 6MP sensor mdoulesIP66 with all modules incl. Thermal; IK04 with B036 to B237; IK07 with B016;BlockFlexMount: IP30/no IK classIntended use Not for use in hazardous areas (Ex area)Ambient temperature (range, incl. storage)-40 to 60°C/-40 to 140°F (cold boot from -30°C/-22°F)BlockFlexMount: 0 to 50°C/32 to 122°F Internal DVR, ex works 4 GB (microSD)Microphone Part of sensor module/BlockFlexMount (not part of sensor modules with CS-Mount or B500 super tele lens)or with accessory (e.g., ExtIO or AudioMount)Technical data for external microphone2,0 V, 2,2 kOhm, sensitivity –35 ± 4 dB,e. g., Panasonic Microphone Capsule WM61 Speaker With accessory (e.g., SpeakerMount)Technical data for external speaker Max. power output 400 mW at 8 Ohm impedance,e. g., Visaton Speaker K36WP or K50WP16bit/16kHz HD wideband audio (Opus codec)Yes (live and audio messages) Passive infrared sensor (PIR)NoTemperature sensors/shock detector (tamper detection)Yes/YesPower consumption (typically at 20°C/68°F)7.5 WattsPower consumption with one/two thermal sensor module(s) (typically at 20°C/68°F)1.5 W per thermal sensor module, 2.5 W possible over the short term; can only be used together with an S16B bodyPoE Class (IEEE 802.3af)Class 2 or 3 (variable), factory setting: class 3;S16B with thermal sensor always requires class 3 Interfaces Ethernet 100BaseT/MxBus/USB Yes (MxRJ45 and LSA+ rail)/Yes/Yes Interfaces external microphone/speaker Yes/YesInterface RS232With accessory (MX-232-IO-Box)Mounting options Wall, ceiling, hidden insatllation; extensive selection ofmounting accessories available Dimensions Mx-S16B (height x width x depth)130 x 115 x 33 mmWeight Mx-S16B430 gHardware S16B DualFlex Housing Mx-S16B PBT-30GF, color: whiteHousing thermal sensor modules l (not PTMount)Module housing: black anodized aluminum Pressure plate: V2A stainless steel Lens and protective glass lens: germaniumStandard accessory Mx-S16B Screws, dowels, allen wrench, module key, cable strap,0.5 m ethernet patch cable, Quick Install Detailed technical documentation > Support > Download Center Online version of this document > Support > Download Center MTBF> 80,000 hoursCertifications EN55022:2010; EN55024:2010; EN50121-4:2006 EN61000-6-1:2007; EN 61000-6-2:2005EN61000-6-3:2007+A1:2011EN61000-6-4:2007+A1:2011AS/ NZS CISPR22:2009+A1:2010CFR47 FCC part15BProtocolsIPv4, IPv6, HTTP, HTTPS, FTP, FTPS, RTP, RTSP, UDP, SNMP, SMTP, DHCP (client and server), NTP (client and server), SIP (client and server) G.711 (PCMA and PCMU)and G.722Manufacturer‘s warranty (since May 2018) 3 yearsImage Formats, Frame Rates, Image Storage S16B DualFlex Available video codecs MxPEG/MJPEG/H.264Image formatsFreely configurable format 4:3, 8:3, 16:9 or customized format (Image Cropping), such as 2592x1944 (5MP), 2048x1536 (QXGA), 1920x1080 (Full-HD), 1280x960 (MEGA)Multistreaming YesMulticast stream via RTSP YesMax. image format optical sensor modules (dual image from both sensors)2x 6MP (6144 x 2048)Max. image format thermal sensor module336 x 252 (Pixel Pitch 17 μm), scalable up to 3072 x 2048 Max. frame rate thermal sensor or thermal + optical sensor module9 frames per secon (fps)Max. frame rate optical sensor module (fps, only single core used)MxPEG: 42@HD(1280x720), 34@Full-HD, 24@QXGA,15@5MP, 12@6MP, 6@2x 6MP MJPEG: 26@HD(1280x720), 13@Full-HD, 9@QXGA, 5@5MP,4@6MP, 2@2x 6MPH.264:25@Full-HD, 20@QXGANumber of images with 4 GB microSD (internal DVR)CIF: 250,000, VGA: 125,000, HD: 40,000, QXGA: 20,000,6MP: 10,000General Functions S16B DualFlexTemperature measurement of 2x2 pixels in the center of the image (Thermal Spot)Only with thermal sensor module (incl. TR)TR temperature measurement in the whole image area Only with thermal sensor module TR Event trigger for temperatures above or below a limit between-40 to 550°C/-40 to 1022°F Only with thermal sensor module (incl. TR) Digital zoom and pan YesONVIF compatibility Yes (Profile S, audio support with camera firmwareV5.2.x and higher)Genetec protocol integration YesProgrammable exposure zones YesSnapshot recording (pre/post-alarm images)YesContinuous recording with audio YesEvent recording with audio YesGeneral Functions S16B DualFlex Time and event control/flexible event logic Yes Weekly schedules for recordings and actions Yes Event video and image transfer via FTP and email Yes Playback and QuadView via web browser Yes Bidirectional audio in browser Yes Animated logos on the image Yes Master/Slave functionality Yes Privacy zone scheduling Yes Customized voice messages Yes VoIP telephony (audio/video, alert)Yes Remote alarm notification (network message)Yes Programming interface (HTTP-API)YesDVR/Storage Management Inside camera via microSD card, externally via USB device and NAS, different streams for live image and recording, MxFFS with archive function, pre-alarm an post-alarm images, monitoring recording with failure reportingCamera and data security User and group management, SSL connections, IP-based access control, IEEE802.1x, intrusion detection, digitalimage signatureMxMessageSystem: Sending and receiving of MxMessages YesVideo Analysis S16B DualFlex Video motion detector Yes MxActivitySensor YesVideo Management So ft ware S16B DualFlex MxManagementCenter Yes Mobile MOBOTIX App YesOverview: Available Sensor Modules For S16:Sensor Modules and BlockFlexMounts Day, 6MP image sensor (color 3072 x 2048), IP66, IP66 (sensor modules) and IP30 (BlockFlexMounts)Sensor Module Day with Fisheye lens B016 (180° x 180°), white Sensor Module Day with Fisheye lens B016 (180° x 180°), black BlockFlexMount Day with Fisheye lens B016 (180° x 180°)Mx-O-SMA-S-6D016 Mx-O-SMA-S-6D016-b Mx-O-SMA-B-6D016Sensor Module Day with Ultra Wide lens B036 (103° x 77°), white Sensor Module Day with Ultra Wide lens B036 (103° x 77°), black BlockFlexMount Day with Ultra Wide lens B036 (103° x 77°)Mx-O-SMA-S-6D036 Mx-O-SMA-S-6D036-b Mx-O-SMA-B-6D036Sensor Module Day with Super Wide lens B041 (90° x 67°), white Sensor Module Day with Super Wide lens B041 (90° x 67°), black BlockFlexMount Day with Super Wide lens B041 (90° x 67°)Mx-O-SMA-S-6D041 Mx-O-SMA-S-6D041-b Mx-O-SMA-B-6D041Sensor Module Day with Wide lens B061 (60° x 45°), white Sensor Module Day with Wide lens B061 (60° x 45°), black BlockFlexMount Day with Wide lens B061 (60° x 45°)Mx-O-SMA-S-6D061 Mx-O-SMA-S-6D061-b Mx-O-SMA-B-6D061Sensor Module Day with Standard lens B079 (45° x 34°), white Sensor Module Day with Standard lens B079 (45° x 34°), black BlockFlexMount Day with Standard lens B079 (45° x 34°)Mx-O-SMA-S-6D079 Mx-O-SMA-S-6D079-b Mx-O-SMA-B-6D079Sensor Module Day with Tele lens B119 (31° x 23°), white Sensor Module Day with Tele lens B119 (31° x 23°), black BlockFlexMount Day with Tele lens B119 (31° x 23°)Mx-O-SMA-S-6D119 Mx-O-SMA-S-6D119-b Mx-O-SMA-B-6D119Sensor Module Day with Distant Tele lens B237 (15° x 11°), white Sensor Module Day with Distant Tele lens B237 (15° x 11°), black BlockFlexMount Day with Distant Tele lens B237 (15° x 11°)Mx-O-SMA-S-6D237 Mx-O-SMA-S-6D237-b Mx-O-SMA-B-6D237Sensor Module Day with Super-Tele lens B500 (8° x 6°), white Sensor Module Day with Super-Tele lens B500 (8° x 6°), black BlockFlexMount Day with Super-Tele lens B500 (8° x 6°)Mx-O-SMA-S-6D500 Mx-O-SMA-S-6D500-b Mx-O-SMA-B-6D500Sensor Module Day with CS-Mount (no lens), white Sensor Module Day with CS-Mount (no lens), black BlockFlexMount Day with CS-Mount (no lens)Mx-O-SMA-S-6DCS Mx-O-SMA-S-6DCS-b Mx-O-SMA-B-6DCSSensor Module Day with CSVario-Objektiv B045-100-CS, white Sensor Module Day with CSVario-Objektiv B045-100-CS, black BlockFlexMount Day with CSVario-Objektiv B045-100-CS Mx-O-SMA-S-6DCSV Mx-O-SMA-S-6DCSV-b Nur SelbstmontageSensor Modules and BlockFlexMounts Night, 6MP image sensor (B/W 3072 x 2048), IP66), IP66 (sensor modules) and IP30 (BlockFlexMounts)Sensor Module Night with Fisheye lens B016 (180° x 180°), white Sensor Module Night with Fisheye lens B016 (180° x 180°), black BlockFlexMount Night with Fisheye lens B016 (180° x 180°)Mx-O-SMA-S-6N016 Mx-O-SMA-S-6N016-b Mx-O-SMA-B-6N016Sensor Module Night with Ultra Wide lens B036 (103° x 77°), white Sensor Module Night with Ultra Wide lens B036 (103° x 77°), black BlockFlexMount Night with Ultra Wide lens B036 (103° x 77°)Mx-O-SMA-S-6N036 Mx-O-SMA-S-6N036-b Mx-O-SMA-B-6N036Sensor Modules and BlockFlexMounts Night, 6MP image sensor (B/W 3072 x 2048), IP66), IP66 (sensor modules) and IP30 (BlockFlexMounts)Sensor Module Night with Super Wide lens B041 (90° x 67°), white Sensor Module Night with Super Wide lens B041 (90° x 67°), black BlockFlexMount Night with Super Wide lens B041 (90° x 67°)Mx-O-SMA-S-6N041 Mx-O-SMA-S-6N041-b Mx-O-SMA-B-6N041Sensor Module Night with Wide lens B061 (60° x 45°), white Sensor Module Night with Wide lens B061 (60° x 45°), black BlockFlexMount Night with Wide lens B061 (60° x 45°)Mx-O-SMA-S-6N061 Mx-O-SMA-S-6N061-b Mx-O-SMA-B-6N061Sensor Module Night with Standard lens B079 (45° x 34°), white Sensor Module Night with Standard lens B079 (45° x 34°), black BlockFlexMount Night with Standard lens B079 (45° x 34°)Mx-O-SMA-S-6N079 Mx-O-SMA-S-6N079-b Mx-O-SMA-B-6N079Sensor Module Night with Tele lens B119 (31° x 23°), white Sensor Module Night with Tele lens B119 (31° x 23°), black BlockFlexMount Night with Tele lens B119 (31° x 23°)Mx-O-SMA-S-6N119 Mx-O-SMA-S-6N119-b Mx-O-SMA-B-6N119Sensor Module Night with Distant Tele lens B237 (15° x 11°), white Sensor Module Night with Distant Tele lens B237 (15° x 11°), black BlockFlexMount Night with Distant Tele lens B237 (15° x 11°)Mx-O-SMA-S-6N237 Mx-O-SMA-S-6N237-b Mx-O-SMA-B-6N237Sensor Module Night with Super-Tele lens B500 (8° x 6°), white Sensor Module Night with Super-Tele lens B500 (8° x 6°), black BlockFlexMount Night with Super-Tele lens B500 (8° x 6°)Mx-O-SMA-S-6N500 Mx-O-SMA-S-6N500-b Mx-O-SMA-B-6N500Sensor Module Night with CS-Mount (no lens), white Sensor Module Night with CS-Mount (no lens), black BlockFlexMount Night with CS-Mount (no lens)Mx-O-SMA-S-6NCS Mx-O-SMA-S-6NCS-b Mx-O-SMA-B-6NCSSensor Module Night with CSVario-Objektiv B045-100-CS, white Sensor Module Night with CSVario-Objektiv B045-100-CS, black BlockFlexMount Night with CSVario-Objektiv B045-100-CS Mx-O-SMA-S-6NCSV Mx-O-SMA-S-6NCSV-b Nur SelbstmontageSensor Modules and BlockFlexMounts Nigth with Longpass filter (LPF), 6MP image sense sensor (B7W: 3072 x 2048), IP66 (sensor modules) and IP30 (BlockFlexMounts)Sensor Module Night+LPF with Fisheye lens B016 (180° x 180°), white Sensor Module Night+LPF with Fisheye lens B016 (180° x 180°), black BlockFlexMount Night+LPF with Fisheye lens B016 (180° x 180°)Mx-O-SMA-S-6L016 Mx-O-SMA-S-6L016-b Nicht verfügbarSensor Module Night+LPF with Ultra Wide lens B036 (103° x 77°), white Sensor Module Night+LPF with Ultra Wide lens B036 (103° x 77°), black BlockFlexMount Night+LPF with Ultra Wide lens B036 (103° x 77°)Mx-O-SMA-S-6L036 Mx-O-SMA-S-6L036-b Mx-O-SMA-B-6L036Sensor Module Night+LPF with Super Wide lens B041 (90° x 67°), white Sensor Module Night+LPF with Super Wide lens B041 (90° x 67°), black BlockFlexMount Night+LPF with Super Wide lens B041 (90° x 67°)Mx-O-SMA-S-6L041 Mx-O-SMA-S-6L041-b Mx-O-SMA-B-6L041Sensor Module Night+LPF with Wide lens B061 (60° x 45°), white Sensor Module Night+LPF with Wide lens B061 (60° x 45°), black BlockFlexMount Night+LPF with Wide lens B061 (60° x 45°)Mx-O-SMA-S-6L061 Mx-O-SMA-S-6L061-b Mx-O-SMA-B-6L061Sensor Module Night+LPF with Standard lens B079 (45° x 34°), white Sensor Module Night+LPF with Standard lens B079 (45° x 34°), black BlockFlexMount Night+LPF with Standard lens B079 (45° x 34°)Mx-O-SMA-S-6L079 Mx-O-SMA-S-6L079-b Mx-O-SMA-B-6L079Sensor Module Night+LPF with Tele lens B119 (31° x 23°), white Sensor Module Night+LPF with Tele lens B119 (31° x 23°), black BlockFlexMount Night+LPF with Tele lens B119 (31° x 23°)Mx-O-SMA-S-6L119 Mx-O-SMA-S-6L119-b Mx-O-SMA-B-6L119Sensor Module Night+LPF with Distant Tele lens B237 (15° x 11°), white Sensor Module Night+LPF with Distant Tele lens B237 (15° x 11°), black BlockFlexMount Night+LPF with Distant Tele lens B237 (15° x 11°)Mx-O-SMA-S-6L237 Mx-O-SMA-S-6L237-b Mx-O-SMA-B-6L237Sensor Module Night+LPF with Super-Tele lens B500 (8° x 6°), white Sensor Module Night+LPF with Super-Tele lens B500 (8° x 6°), black BlockFlexMount Night+LPF with Super-Tele lens B500 (8° x 6°)Mx-O-SMA-S-6L500 Mx-O-SMA-S-6L500-b Mx-O-SMA-B-6L500Sensor Module Night+LPF with CS-Mount (no lens), white Sensor Module Night+LPF with CS-Mount (no lens), black BlockFlexMount Night+LPF with CS-Mount (no lens)Nicht verfügbar Nicht verfügbar Mx-O-SMA-B-6LCSSensor Modules Thermal, NETD 50 mK, measuring range -40 to 550 °C, IP66 (all)Thermal Sensor Module with metal housing, lens T079 (45° x 32°)Mx-O-SMA-TS-T079 Thermal Sensor Module with metal housing, lens T119 (25° x 19°)Mx-O-SMA-TS-T119Sensor Modules Thermal, NETD 50 mK, measuring range -40 to 550 °C, IP66 (all)Thermal Sensor Module with metal housing, lens T237 (17° x 13°)Mx-O-SMA-TS-T237 PTMount Thermal, lens T079 (45° x 32°), white Mx-O-SMA-TP-T079 PTMount Thermal, lens T119 (25° x 19°), white Mx-O-SMA-TP-T119 PTMount Thermal, lens T237 (17° x 13°), white Mx-O-SMA-TP-T237 PTMount Thermal, lens T079 (45° x 32°), black Mx-O-SMA-TP-T079-b PTMount Thermal, lens T119 (25° x 19°), black Mx-O-SMA-TP-T119-b PTMount Thermal, lens T237 (17° x 13°), black Mx-O-SMA-TP-T237-brange -40 to 550 °C, IP66 (all) Sensor Modules Thermal with Thermal Radiometry (TR), NETD 50 mK, measuring rangeThermal Sensor Module TR with metal housing, lens R079 (45° x 32°)Mx-O-SMA-TS-R079 Thermal Sensor Module TR with metal housing, lens R119 (25° x 19°)Mx-O-SMA-TS-R119 Thermal Sensor Module TR with metal housing, lens R237 (17° x 13°)Mx-O-SMA-TS-R237 PTMount Thermal TR, lens R079 (45° x 32°), white Mx-O-SMA-TP-R079 PTMount Thermal TR, lens R119 (25° x 19°), white Mx-O-SMA-TP-R119 PTMount Thermal TR, lens R237 (17° x 13°), white Mx-O-SMA-TP-R237 PTMount Thermal TR, lens R079 (45° x 32°), black Mx-O-SMA-TP-R079-b PTMount Thermal TR, lens R119 (25° x 19°), black Mx-O-SMA-TP-R119-b PTMount Thermal TR, lens R237 (17° x 13°), black Mx-O-SMA-TP-R237-bStandard Delivery Mx-S16BS16 with two PTMount ThermalAttention – Special Export Regulations For Thermal Cameras Apply!Cameras with thermographic image sensors (“thermographic cameras”) are subject to special U.S. and ITAR (International Traffic in Arms Regulation) export regulations:According to currently valid export regulations from the U.S. and ITAR, cameras with thermographic image sensors or their component parts cannot be exported to countries that have been embargoed by the U.S./ITAR. The corresponding delivery ban also applies to all individuals and institutions included on “The Denied Persons List” (see under Policy Guidance > Lists of Parties of Concern). These cameras and their installed thermographic image sensors are not to be used for the design, development, or production of nuclear, biological or chemical weapons or installed in these systems.Link to the Thermal End User Statement on MOBOTIX WebsiteDimension in mm。