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Unit 1Time-Conscious AmericansAmericans believe no one stands still. If you are not moving ahead, you are falling behind. This attitude results in a nation of people committed to researching, experimenting and exploring. Time is one of the two elements that Americans save carefully, the other being labor."We are slaves to nothing but the clock," it has been said. Time is treated as if it were something almost real. We budget it, save it, waste it, steal it, kill it, cut it, account for it; we also charge for it. It is a precious resource. Many people have a rather acute sense of the shortness of each lifetime. Once the sands have run out of a person's hourglass, they cannot be replaced. We want every minute to count.A foreigner's first impression of the US is likely to be that everyone is in a rush—often under pressure. City people always appear to be hurrying to get where they are going, restlessly seeking attention in a store, or elbowing others as they try to complete their shopping. Racing through daytime meals is part of the pace of life in this country. Working time is considered precious. Others in public eating-places are waiting for you to finish so they, too, can be served and get back to work within the time allowed. You also find drivers will be abrupt and people will push past you. You will miss smiles, brief conversations, and small exchanges with strangers. Don't take it personally. This is because people value time highly, and they resent someone else "wasting" it beyond a certain appropriate point.Many new arrivals in the States will miss the opening exchanges of a business call, for example. They will miss the ritual interaction that goes with a welcoming cup of tea or coffee that may be a convention in their own country. They may miss leisurely business chats in a restaurant or coffee house. Normally, Americans do not assess their visitors in such relaxed surroundings over extended small talk; much less do they take them out for dinner, or around on the golf course while they develop a sense of trust. Since we generally assess and probe professionally rather than socially, we start talking business very quickly. Time is, therefore, always ticking in our inner ear.Consequently, we work hard at the task of saving time. We produce a steady flow of labor-saving devices; we communicate rapidly through faxes, phone calls or emails rather than through personal contacts, which though pleasant, take longer—especially given our traffic-filled streets. We, therefore, save most personal visiting for after-work hours or for social weekend gatherings.To us the impersonality of electronic communication has little or no relation to the significance of the matter at hand. In some countries no major business is conducted without eye contact, requiring face-to-face conversation. In America, too, a final agreement will normally be signed in person. However, people are meeting increasingly on television screens, conducting "teleconferences" to settle problems not only in this country but also—by satellite—internationally.The US is definitely a telephone country. Almost everyone uses the telephone to conduct business, to chat with friends, to make or break social appointments, to say "Thank you", to shop and to obtain all kinds of information. Telephones save the feet and endless amounts of time. This is due partly to the fact that the telephone service is superb here, whereas the postal service is less efficient.Some new arrivals will come from cultures where it is considered impolite to work too quickly. Unless a certain amount of time is allowed to elapse, it seems in their eyes as if the task being considered were insignificant, not worthy of proper respect. Assignments are, consequently, given added weight by the passage of time. In the US, however, it is taken as a sign of skillfulness or being competent to solve a problem, or fulfill a job successfully, with speed. Usually, the more important a task is, the more capital, energy, and attention will be poured into it in order to "get it moving".美国人认为没有人能停止不前。
口译教程U N I T2第二单元教案-CAL-FENGHAI-(2020YEAR-YICAI)_JINGBIANUNIT 2 第二单元教案来源：口译-学院精品课程作者：Jay J YangMemoria Technica (II)口译记忆（二)Unit Objective (单元目标)After reading this unit you should☆ understand the process of memorization.☆ master the “Memoria Technica”.Warm-up (准备)1. Two students are requested to sit at the Interpreting Desk or Booth, acting as interpretors of the class. Their performance is evaluated and graded by instructor.2.One or Two students are asked to present a piece of news or a weather forecast of the week.Theory of Interpretation II (口译理论二)口译记忆过程：源语信息编码+信息存储+信息提取+译语信息解码口译记忆方法：源语复述；总结概括；逻辑整理；影子练习。
Memoria Technica (记忆法)Listen to the following sentences, and try to catch the key words and details, then repeat as accurately as possible:A. Two sentences repeating::Sentences from Textbook Unit One as a part of review:1.20 years ago, almost to the day, President Ronald Reagan spoke at thisuniversity and expressed the essence of economic and political freedom.pared t o President Nixon’s, or even President reagon’s day, many Chinesecitizens are now freer to make their own ways of life ---- to choose carers, toaquire property, and to travel.3.China’s economic success has also come about through far greater integrationinto the world economy. In the last decades, your country has emerged asmajor exporter of all kinds of manufactured goods, from heavy machinery,to computers, to toys.Sentences prepared by instructor:4.The European colonists first sailed west to America and founded their firstsettlements on the Atlantic Coast.5.The United States became the World’s first modern democracy after its breakwith Great Britain in 1776 and the adoption of a constitution in 1789.6.Congress is the legislative branch of the Union. It consists of two houses: theHouse of representatives and the Senate. according the constitution, the twohouses are of equal importance and check each other.7.The US has the most technologically powerful, diverse, advanced and largesteconomy in the world, with a per capita GDP of $33,900.8.Lishui College is co-administrated by the Provincial Education Commission andthe city government.9.China’s institutions of higher learning are classified as comprehensiveuniversities, science and engineering universities and specialized institutes.10.At present, Chinese educational system can be divided into four stages.Preschool education refers to the period of going to nurseries andkindergartens. School age begins at 6. Primary education lasts for 6 years, sodoes the secondary education. It takes 4 years for students to finish tertiaryeducation.11.In kindergartens, children are mainly taught some basic morals, such ashonesty, courage, discipline, cooperation and good manners, and basicknowledge of simple arithmetic, drawing, singing and dancing.12.Lishui 2nd Middle School is a key school of the province. The major coursesstudents take are Chinese, Mathematics, English, Politics, History, Geography, Biology, physics, Chemistry, physical Culture, Music and Fine Arts.13.The former Lishui TeacherCollege was founded in 1978. It was upgraded intothe LishuiUniversity last year. There are now about 8000 students ofundergraduates. Most of them are residential.14.Universities have been undergoing some educational reforms in recent years.An obvious method is to adopt credit system, which allows students tograduate ahead of schedule when they complete the regulated credits.15.Starting from a few years ago,, students have to pay for their schooling in theform of tuition fee. In order to encourage students to study hard,Universities grants scholarship at different levels with a total coverage of70%.B. Retelling an article:A SpeechOn behalf of Oxford University , I would like to thank you for all you have done for us. Ever since we arrived, we have been enjoying nothing but the warmest friendship and hospitality. You have opened your hearts as well as your homes to us. While our stay has been very short, we feel that it has been very rewarding, not only professionally, but in making new friends and broadening the channels of contact.I would like to conclude with the hope that all of you will have a chance to come to the United States very soon, not only to continue our common pursuits of professional interest, but to partake out hospitality as well.Finally allow me to propose a toast to the health and happiness of all the ladies and gentlemen present here.Cultural Salon or Seminar (文化沙龙或研讨会)In the last 20 minutes will be a cultural salon or seminar. Two or three students who have been asked to prepare a speech in advance on a given topic. Students will do the oral interpretation.Topic: My HometownHomework Assignments (课后作业)Work on Exercise 1-2 in Unit 2 of the Textbook: Text 1.1, Text 2.1Task: Listen to the article and then start repeating at the end of each segment.Reference (单元参考资料)仲伟合主编：《英语口译教程》（上下册），高等教育出版社，2005年版。
英语中级口译（Interpretation II）教案Unit OneSchools and Education1.Warming-up Practicea. 3 conversations from the bookb.Interpreting the following news:继大米、植物食用油等５类食品实行市场准入后，肉制品、饮料（含乳制品、饮用水）、罐头、方便面、饼干、冷冻饮品、调味品、速冻面（米）食品、膨化食品、酸制品等１０类食品，将于今年７月１日进入无“ＱＳ”标志认证查处阶段。
广西质量技术监督局有关负责人透露，广西１０类食品目前获得“ＱＳ”标志认证的企业数量比例极低，在涉及的数千家食品中，仅有１５８家企业通过了市场准入，没有获得认证的企业将面临二次淘汰。
2.The importance of background knowledgeInterpreters should accumulate a certain amount of vocabulary for a certain field “for a rainy day”.3.Diffilculties in passage interpretationa circus school…because their parents were too busy worrying about where the dinner for tommorrow would come fromIf you can help little thing, then you are amazing already.…let us also make sure that we recognize the family and friends who have supported you, pushed you……I cannot even begin to imagine Beacon without you, because you, in so many ways, are Beacon for me.…i n their caps and gowns..…my life has been changed for the better as a result of the time that I have spent with you.……超过3/5的中小学生通过补习以取得更好的成绩。
