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2012高考英语语法金点拨：名词性从句名词性从句:即指性质相当于名词的从句,它包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
一、引导名词性从句的连接词连接代词:who，whom，whose, what，which, whoever, whatever，whichever连接副词：when, where，how，why whenever，wherever，however连接词whether，if“是否”不充当句子的任何成分.that只能起连接主句和从句的作用，不充当从句的任何成分,无词义二、名词从句的分类1.主语从句:用作主语的从句叫主语从句That she likes such kind of films is very interesting。
Whether he will come remains a question。
What she is doing is none of your business。
Whoever comes will be welcome.Where he has been is still a puzzle.However you do it is all right with me.2。
表语从句：表语从句在句中作表语，它位于主句的系动词之后The problem is that smokers cannot go without smoking. 问题是抽烟的人不抽烟就会感到难受。
The question is whether it is worth doing. 问题是这是否值得做。
China is no longer what it used to be. 中国已不是从前那个样子了。
This is where he has worked for years。
这就是他多年工作的地方。
3.宾语从句：在句中可以作谓语动词或介词或某些形容词的宾语They know that the habit may kill them。
状语从句模块一：考纲解读状语从句是句法考试的重要内容，学生必须掌握以下语法知识：状语从句的引导词与介词的用法比较；状语从句中意义近似的连接词的用法比较以及状语从句与定语从句引导词的用法比较等等。
模块二：考点定位状语从句的考查重点是意义近似的连接词的用法，试题结构越来越繁杂，设问角度越来越多样化。
模块三：命题分析考查状语从句的试题选项不仅有连词，有时还从定语从句和名词性从句的角度进行干扰，出现代词和介词。
模块四：语法训练Ⅰ. 夯实基础一. 找出下列句子所含有的状语从句并翻译成汉语：1. He is as tall as Tom.____________________________。
2. I do it because I like it. ____________________________。
3. It won’t be long before he comes. ____________________________。
4. I was walking a long the street, when I met him. ____________________________。
5. If it snows tomorrow, the flight will be canceled. ____________________________。
二.单项选择：1. _______ the professor had left, everyone looked relaxed.A. WhileB. AfterC. UnlessD. For2. Her mother has been ill_______she came to Beijing last year.A. sinceB. forC.asD.when3.I have taken care of your children_______you were away.A.duringB.sinceC.exceptD.while4. It has been a long time_______I last met you.A. sinceB.whenC.thatD.than5. A good storyteller must be able to hold his listeners’ curiosity he reaches the end of the story.A．when B．unless C．after D.untilⅡ．能力提升：1. It was_______beautiful house that we decided to buy it.A. so aB. such aC. a suchD. a so2. Although he is young_______well-mannered.A. he isB. but he isC. and he is D however he is3. No matter_______hard it may be, I will carry it out..A. whatB. whateverC. howD. however4. We had better hurry_______it is getting late.A. andB. yesC. yetD. as5. When you read the book, you'd better make a mark_______you have any questions.A. at whichB.at whereC.the place whereD.where6. She speaks_______her mother does.A. asB. andC. butD. so7. The earth goes round the sun_______ the moon goes around the earth.A. so thatB. just likeC. just asD. as how8. The more he explained, _______ I was puzzled.A. moreB. the moreC. very muchD. and the more9. Everything is just _______we left it.A. likeB. asC. the sameD.as like10. You’d better come back earlier _______it is getting colder.A. asB. andC. butD. or11. He was walking along the sands_______he saw a big footprint in the sand.A. whileB. whenC. asD. which12. It won't be long _______ you regret what you've done.A. afterB. beforeC. sinceD. then13. _______there is a will, there is a way.A. WhenB. ThatC. WhileD. Where14. Eat less food _______you want to become fatter.A. ifB.unlessC.untilD.as soon as15. ______ everybody knows about it, I don’t want to talk any more.A. ForB. EvenC. SinceD. However16.If we work with a strong will，we can overcome any difficulty____great it is．A. what B．how C．however D．whatever17. The bell is rung ________there is a fire.A. evenB. thatC. ifD. although18. Nobody believed him ____ what he said．A．even though B．in spite C．no matter D．contrary to19.—Dad, I’ve finished my assignment.—Good, and _______you play or watch TV, you mustn’t disturb me.A．whenever B．whether C．whatever D．no matter20. He was about to tell me the secret _______someone patted him on the shoulderA．a s B. until C. while D. whenⅢ．瞄准高考1.（2010湖南）32. Tim is in good shape physically _______he doesn't get much exercise.A. ifB. even thoughC. unlessD. as long as2.（2010山东）28. The school rules state that no child shall be allowed out of the school during the day, ______ accompanied by an adult.A. onceB. whenC. ifD. unless3.（2010上海）34. _______you may have, you should gather your courage to face the challenge.A. However a serious problemB. What a serious problemC. However serious a problemD. What serious a problem4.（2010四川）20．Because of the heavy traffic，it was already time for lunch break _______she got to her office．A．since B．that C．when D．until *5_u.c_o m5.（2010陕西）20. John thinks it won’t be long _______he is ready for his new job.A. whenB. afterC. beforeD. since6.（2010重庆）32. Today, we will begin ________we stopped yesterday so that no point will beleft out.A. whenB. whereC. howD. what7.（2011）四川）4. Frank insisted that he was not asleep _______I had great difficulty in waking him up.A. whetherB. althoughC. forD. so8. （2011陕西）19._________all of them are strong candidates, only one will be chosen for the post.A. SinceB. WhileC. IfD. As9. （2011重庆）30. To show our respect, we usually have to take our gloves off _____ we are to shake hands with.A. whicheverB.wheneverC.whoeverD.wherever10. （2011浙江）4. One Friday, we were packing to leave for a weekend away ______my daughter heard cries for help.A. afterB. whileC. sinceD. when11. （2011 湖南）33. Jack wasn’t saying anything, but the teacher smiled at him _______ he had done something very clever.A. as ifB. in caseC. whileD. though12. （2011北京）29. _______volleyball is her main focus, she’s also great at basketball.A. SinceB. OnceC. UnlessD. While13.92011全国)22. Try _______she might, Sue couldn’t get the door open.A. ifB. whenC. sinceD. as14. “May I go and play with Dick this afternoon, Mum?” “No, you can’t go out _________ your work is being done.”A. beforeB. untilC. asD. the moment15. “I’m going to the post office.” “_________ you’re there, can you get me some stamps?”A. AsB. WhileC. BecauseD. If16. After the war, a new school building was put up _________ there had once been a theatre.A. thatB. whenC. whichD. where17. The visitor asked to have his picture taken _________ stood the famous tower.A. thatB. at whichC. whenD. where18. They kept trying _________ they must have known it was hopeless.A. ifB. becauseC. whenD. where19. He was about to tell me the secret _________ someone patted him on the shoulder.A. asB. untilC. whenD. while20. The fire went on for quite some time _________ it was brought under control.A. whenB. sinceC. afterD. before模块五：误区指津1.no matter (what, when, where, how，who, which) ---无论（什么，何时，何地，怎样,谁，哪个）引导让步状语从句时=(what, when, where, how，who, which)ever，但引导名词性从句时只能用后者。
2012高考英语单项填空题分类汇编名词性从句1. 【2012安徽】27. The limits of a person’s intelligence, generally speaking, are fixed at birth, but ________he reaches these limits will depend on his environment.A. whereB. whetherC. thatD. why【答案】B 首先把插入语generally speaking删掉,选择B.本题考查名词性从句,but whether he reaches these limits 【作为句子主语】will depend on his environment.2.【2012重庆】34. Evidence has been found through years ofstudy______ children’s early sleeping problems are likely to continue when they grow up.A. whyB. howC. whetherD. that【答案】D 【解析】分析句子结构可知,空白处后面为句子主语“Evidence”的同位语从句,在这一从句中,句意完整,不缺少成分,应该使用“that”作为引导词。
因此,正确答案为D选项。
3. 【2012全国】24. It is by no means clear the president can do to end the strike.A. howB. whichC. thatD. what【答案】 D 【解析】此处it是形式主语,what引导的是主语从句,作真正的主语。
What作do的宾语。
句意:总统采取什么行动结束这次罢工一点也不清楚。
【考点定位】考查主语从句的连接词。
4. 【2012北京】24. Jerry did not regret giving the comment butfelt ______ he could have expressed it differently.A. whyB. howC. thatD. whether【答案】C24. C。
语法专项：名词性从句 Noun Clause名词性从句的功能相当于名词，包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句及同位语从句，在句中分别做主语、宾语、表语及同位语。
引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类：连接词：that, whether, if；连接代词：what, who, which；连接副词：when, where, how, why一、主语从句Subject clauses1、主语从句在复合句中做主语，通常放在主句谓语动词之前。
注意划线部分的语序：陈述语序What he had done recently is strange./Where she is going is a mystery./Whether he will invite her is a question.2、主语从句常由形式主语it代替，而本身放在句子末尾，以取得句子平衡。
以下划线部分的句子可用It来替代。
It is unimportant whether you come or not.3、以下情况常用it 作形式主语的结构(1)It is＋名词＋从句It is a fact that …事实是…；It is an honor that …非常荣幸…It is common knowledge that….…是常识It is still a question when we shall have our sports meet.(2)It is＋形容词＋从句It is natural[ˈnætʃrəl] that…….很自然； It is strange that…奇怪的是…(3) It＋不及物动词＋从句It seems that…表语从句似乎…；It happened that…碰巧… It happened that I wasn't there that day.(4) It is＋过去分词＋从句It is reported that…据报道…；It has been proved that…已证实…二、宾语从句 Object clauses宾语从句在复合句中做宾语，通常放在及物动词、介词或某些形容词之后。
名词性从句一、名词性从句的结构和功能总述名词性从句是在句子中充当名词作用的从句，包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
名词性从句主要以that、whether／if、who、whom、where、why、how 和what或wh－ever等引导。
此外，as if／as though也可引导语从句。
三、四类名词性从句主语从句在复合句中充当主语的句子叫做主语从句。
引导主语从句的词有连词that, whether, 连接代词who, what which; 连接副词when, where, how, why等。
如：That he will succeed is certain.Whether wild life can be well protected is of great importance.Who will go makes no difference.Which kind of food is the best is still not certain.What is needed for the space trip is careful preparation.Whoever comes is welcome.How we can help the twins will be discussed at the meeting.When they’ll start the project has not been decided yet.Where he hid the money is to be found out.Why dinosaurs died out remains a puzzle.1. that从句作主语时，常用it作形式主语，常见的句型有：It+be+形容词（obvious, true, natural, surprising ,wonderful, likely, certain, ….）+that从句It is doubtful whether she will be able to come.她是否能来令人怀疑。
【专题】【考情分析】名词在高考中的重点： that和what引导名词性从句的区别 2.名词从句的语序和时态； it作形式宾语的几种情况； 宾语从句的否定转移； whether和if的用法区别； what在名词性从句中的使用； doubt后的名词性从句的使用 8.Who / whoever, what / whatever等的用法区别； 9.连接词that的省略； 【思想方法】 考点： 2011北京卷 22】__________ Barbara Jones offers to her fans is honesty and happiness.A. WhichB. WhatC. ThatD. Whom 【答案】B 【考点】考察名词性从句中的主语从句。
【解析】句意：这个惊人的消息使我意识到我们将面临多么严重的问题。
结合句意可知答案为A，此处what引导的宾语从句是一个感叹句。
【2011北京卷 31】The shocking news mad me realize ________ terrible problems we would face.A. whatB. howC. thatD. why 【答案】A 【考点】考查名词性从句中的宾语从句。
【解析】由句中的IS可知其前面是由what引导的主语从句，且what在从句中作offer的宾语，故答案为A项。
【2011上海卷 35】There is clear evidence _____ the most difficult feeling of all to interpret is bodily pain.A. whatB. ifC. howD. that 【答案】D 【考点】考查名词性从句。
2011上海卷 38】The message you intend to convey through words may be the exact opposite of _____ others actually understand.A. whyB. thatC. whichD. what 【答案】D 【考点】考查名词性从句中的宾语从句。
名词性从句一直备受高考命题者的关注，近几年来的高考题主要考查在具体语境中连接词的选择，尤其是连接词what和that的辨析，以及whether 与if表示“是否”时的区别。
因此，正确区分名词性从句的类型，根据在从句中的作用和所表达的意义，确定恰当的连接词是一轮复习的重点。
此外，名词性从句和定语从句的辨析，也是高考考查的重点。
一、认识各种名词性从句名词性从句相当于名词，可分别作句子的主语、表语、宾语和同位语。
因此，名词性从句具体分为主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句。
名词性从句中的连接词有连词that / whether / if，连接代词what / who(m)/ which / whose / whatever / whoever / whomever / whichever，连接副词where / when / why / how 。
从名词性从句在句中所起的作用来说，名词性从句是句子不可缺少的一部分，和句子的其他成分之间也不会用逗号隔开。
而定语从句和状语从句是句子中的修饰成分，去掉之后不会影响句子主体结构的完整性。
这是判断是否是名词性从句最主要的特征。
如：I wonder how much these shoes cost. (宾语从句，不可省去)He is the very man I look after. (定语从句，修饰the man)You may borrow the book as long as you keep it clean. (状语从句)1．主语从句Who will go is not important.It doesn't matter so much whether you will come or not. (形式主语it代替后面的真正的主语从句)注意：that引导主语从句放于句首时，不能省略。
That he suddenly fell ill last week made us surprised.2．表语从句The question was who could go there.My idea is that we can get more people to help in the work.That is why the brothers wanted to make a bet.It looked as if it was going to rain.3 . 宾语从句I hope (that) everything is all right.注意：(1)that在引导宾语从句时，常可省略，但如果有两个以上的宾语从句时，最后一个从句的that不能省略。
英语语法名词性从句名词在句中一般作主语、宾语、表语和同位语。
能象一个名词一样在句中充当这些成分的从句就叫名疑问词（who, whom, whose, what, which, where, why, when, how）可以引导主语、宾语和表语从句。
它们的特点是：1、疑问词有本身的词义；2、疑问词在从句中担当句子成分，如主语、宾语或状语；3、这种疑问词引导的从句一律用陈述语序，不能用疑问语序。
Do you know whom they are looking for? 你知道他们在找谁吗？（宾语从句，陈述语序。
不能是whom are they looking for?）I don’t know who did it.我不知道这是谁干的。
（宾语从句。
在从句中如果疑问词作主语，其陈述语序和疑问语序一致。
）She asked me where I had been.她问我到哪儿去了。
（宾语从句。
陈述语序，不能是where had I been. 直接引语，间接引语。
注意这句话的时态。
）Can you tell me when the train will arrive? 你能告诉我火车什么时候到吗？(宾语从句。
陈述语序，不能是when will the train arrive. 直接引语，间接引语。
)I don’t know why he hasn’t come yet. 我不知道他为什么还没来。
（宾语从句，陈述语序。
不能是why hasn’t he come yet.）He didn’t tell me what you were doing. 他没和我说你在干什么。
（宾语从句，陈述语序。
不能是what were you doing.）What you have done might do harm t other people. 你所做过的事情有可能伤害别人。
（主语从句。
what 作从句的宾语。
2012届高考英语语法专题复习分类汇编精品讲义：名词性从句
1. Before a problem can be solved, it must be obvious ______ the problem itself is. (2011·湖南卷31)
A. what
B. that
C. which
D. why
【解析】选A。
空白处后句子缺表语。
因此不能选B。
B中的that 只起引导作用，无实意。
而该句选what 既起了引导作用，又作了句子成分表语。
2. It is still under discussion ______ the old bus station should be replaced with a modern hotel or not. (2011·重庆卷22)
A. whether
B. when
C. which
D. where
【解析】选A。
该句中it作形式主语，真正的主语是由whether…or not引导的从句。
句意：是否这个旧车站该由现代宾馆取代还在讨论中。
考点1.名词性从句的种类及连接词
I want to be liked and loved for______I am inside.
A. who
B. where
C. what
D. how
【解析】选C。
what 引导的宾语从句作for 的宾语，what在从句中作am的表语。
名词性从句具有名词的功能，分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句四种。
它由以下三种连接词引导：
1. 连词：that, whether, if。
2. 连接代词：who, whom, whose, which, what等。
3. 连接副词：when, where, why, how等
Keep in mind ______ you want others to respect you, you must respect others first.
A. that when
B. that if
C. if when
D. when if
【解析】选B。
that引导一个宾语从句，宾语从句中又有一个由if引导的条件状语从句。
1. that引导名词性从句时既无词义也不在从句中作任何成分。
2. that引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句时一般不可省，引导宾语从句时常可省。
但是，and 连接两个由that引导的宾语从句时，第一个that可省，第二个that不可省。
3. that从句一般不作介词的宾语。
但：in that “因为”，except / but that“除了”例外。
考点3.whether, if的用法
It's reported that Pakistan is considering ______ to continue its information cooperation with the US because the US didn't inform them in advance before they took action to kill Bin Laden. (2011·成都七中高三最后一套模拟卷)
A. what
B. how
C. whether
D. if
【解析】选C。
在whether后只能用不定式或后接or not，不能接if，即whether to do 或whether or not。
whether, if引导名词性从句时，表示“是否”，不在从句中作任何成分，二者常可通用，但在下面几种情况下一般只用whether:
(1)引导主语从句。
(2)引导表语从句。
(3)引导同位语从句。
(4)在动词discuss之后。
(5)在介词之后。
(6)后面紧跟or not。
(7)动词不定式前。
考点4.名词性从句的语序
I really wonder ______ will stop Japan from its annual whale hunt in the Antarctic. (山西太原五中2010— 2011学年度第二学期月考4月)
A. that it is what
B. what it is that
C. what is it that
D. that is it what
【解析】选B。
空白处为一宾语从句作动词wonder的宾语。
而宾语从句是一个强调句，强调what。
宾语从句要采用陈述语序。
名词性从句用陈述语序，为：连词(+被修饰语)+主语+谓语。
即主谓不倒装。
考点5. what与that引导名词性从句的区别
例1：It is not always easy for the public to see ______ use a new invention can be of to human life. (2011·重庆卷
34)
A. Whose
B. what
C. which
D. that
【解析】选B。
空白处作动词see 的宾语。
宾语从句按顺序为a new invention can be of what use to human life，疑问词what前置。
因此选B。
例2：Modern science has given clear evidence ______ smoking can lead to many diseases. (2011·天津卷13) A. what B. which
C. that
D. where
【解析】选C。
that引导词作名词evidence的同位语从句引导词。
该词只起引导作用，无实义，不可省略。
1. 在名词性从句中，that只起连接主句和从句的作用，在从句中不充当任何成分，本身也没有词义，即从句中不缺少任何成分时用连词that.
2. that在从句中作主语时通常用it作形式主语，而将that从句置于句末作真正的主语。
但what不能用it作形式主语。
3. that可引导同位语从句，但what不能。
考点6.由reason作主语时，表语从句的连接词
The reason why he can't go to school is ______ he is ill.
A. because
B. why
C. that
D. which
【解析】选C。
reason作主语时，其后的表语从句一般用连词that。
reason作主语时，表语从句所用连词为that, 一般不用because或why等。
考点7. that引导同位语从句和定语从句的区别
例1：______ was known to all that William had broken his promise ______ he would never play computer games again. (2011·湖南雅礼中学高三第8次月考卷)
A. As; which
B. As; that
C. It; that
D. What; that
【解析】选C。
it作形式主语，第一个that后引导从句作真正主语。
名词promise后接that引导的同位语从句。
对前一名词内容进一步补充说明。
例2：Helping others is a habit, one ______ you can learn even at an early age. (2011·山东卷改编)
A. it
B. that
C. what
D. who
【解析】选B。
one是a habit的同位语。
作为定语从句的先行词，后用which或that作定语从句动词learn 的宾语。
关系代词作宾语也可省略。
that引导同位语从句时，that在从句中不作成分(一般不省), 且不可用which来取代；that引导定语从句时，that须作主语、宾语或表语(作宾语时常可省), 且常可用which来取代。
