热冲压综述

热冲压原理热冲压是一种利用热变形原理进行成形的工艺方法，它是将金属材料加热到一定温度后进行成形的过程。

在这个过程中，金属材料会发生热变形，从而达到所需的成形效果。

下面将详细介绍热冲压的原理。

一、热冲压的基本原理1.1 热变形原理热变形是指在高温下，材料因受到应力而发生塑性变形的现象。

在高温下，金属材料的晶粒会发生较大的位错活动和扩散现象，从而使其塑性增强。

这种增强效应可以使金属材料在受到应力时更容易发生塑性变形。

1.2 热冲压工艺流程热冲压工艺流程包括：原材料切割、预加工、加热、成形和后处理等环节。

其中，加热环节是整个过程中最为关键的环节之一。

通过加热可以使金属材料达到足够高的温度，从而使其发生塑性变形。

二、热冲压的主要特点2.1 成形精度高由于热冲压工艺采用的是加热后成形的方式，因此可以使金属材料发生较大的塑性变形，从而达到较高的成形精度。

2.2 成形效率高相比于传统的冷冲压工艺，热冲压工艺具有更高的成形效率。

这是因为在加热后，金属材料更容易发生塑性变形，从而可以在较短的时间内完成成形过程。

2.3 适用范围广热冲压工艺适用于各种不同类型的金属材料。

例如铝、镁、钛等轻合金材料以及不锈钢、铜、铁等常规金属材料都可以采用热冲压工艺进行成形。

三、热冲压的应用领域3.1 汽车制造业汽车制造业是热冲压应用最广泛的领域之一。

在汽车制造中，许多零部件都需要采用热冲压工艺进行成形。

例如车身件、底盘件、发动机件等。

3.2 电子制造业在电子制造业中，热冲压工艺也得到了广泛的应用。

例如手机、电视、电脑等电子产品中的金属外壳、散热片等部件都可以采用热冲压工艺进行成形。

3.3 航空航天制造业在航空航天制造业中，热冲压工艺也是一种重要的成形方法。

例如飞机发动机叶片、涡轮盘等部件都需要采用热冲压工艺进行成形。

四、总结综上所述，热冲压是一种利用热变形原理进行成形的工艺方法。

它具有成形精度高、成形效率高和适用范围广等优点，在汽车制造、电子制造和航空航天制造等领域都得到了广泛应用。

热冲压工作总结
热冲压工作是一项非常重要的工艺，它在制造业中扮演着至关重要的角色。

热
冲压工作可以用于生产各种各样的零部件，从汽车零部件到家用电器的外壳都可以通过热冲压工艺来完成。

在这篇文章中，我们将对热冲压工作进行总结，以帮助读者更好地了解这一工艺的重要性和应用。

首先，热冲压工作的原理是利用高温和压力来改变金属材料的形状。

通过加热
金属材料，使其变得更加柔软和易于成形，然后通过压力来将其塑形成所需的形状。

这种工艺可以大大提高金属材料的变形能力，使其能够完成更加复杂的形状。

其次，热冲压工作在制造业中有着广泛的应用。

无论是汽车制造、航空航天、
还是家用电器制造，都离不开热冲压工作。

通过热冲压工艺，可以大大提高生产效率，降低成本，同时还能够生产出更加精密和复杂的零部件，满足不同行业的需求。

另外，热冲压工作也需要严格的工艺控制和操作技能。

在进行热冲压工作时，
需要控制好加热温度、压力大小和成形时间等参数，以确保成形零部件的质量。

同时，操作人员需要具备丰富的经验和技能，才能够熟练地操作热冲压设备，完成高质量的生产任务。

总的来说，热冲压工作是一项非常重要的工艺，它在制造业中有着广泛的应用。

通过热冲压工艺，可以生产出各种各样的精密零部件，满足不同行业的需求。

因此，我们需要加强对热冲压工作的研究和应用，以推动制造业的发展，提高产品质量，降低生产成本。

热冲压工艺技术热冲压工艺技术是一种常用的金属加工方法，通常用于生产高精度、复杂形状的金属零件。

本文将介绍热冲压工艺技术的原理、应用领域，以及其优缺点。

热冲压是将金属板材加热至一定温度后，在冲床的作用下，通过模具将其冲压成所需形状的工艺。

由于加热后的金属板材具有良好的延展性和塑性，可以更容易地形成复杂的形状。

与传统的冷冲压相比，热冲压工艺技术具有以下几个优点：首先，热冲压可以改善金属板材的延展性。

在加热状态下，金属板材的结晶结构发生改变，晶格结构内的位错被激活，从而使金属板材具有更好的延展性，可以更容易地实现复杂形状的冲压。

其次，热冲压可以提高冲压成形的精度和表面质量。

由于加热状态下的金属板材具有更好的塑性，可以更容易地填充模具中的形状，从而得到更精确的冲压成形。

同时，加热状态下的金属板材有更好的流动性，可以减少表面缺陷，提高表面质量。

再次，热冲压可以减少变形力和模具磨损。

在加热状态下，金属板材的延展性增强，冲压时所需的变形力较小，可以降低模具的磨损。

热冲压工艺技术在许多领域得到了广泛应用。

例如，汽车制造领域，热冲压可以用于生产汽车车身、座椅骨架等复杂形状的零件；电子设备制造领域，热冲压可以用于生产手机壳、电池罩等精密零件；航空航天领域，热冲压可以用于生产飞机的机身、发动机零件等。

然而，热冲压工艺技术也存在一些局限性和挑战。

首先，热冲压工艺需要对加热温度、加热时间等参数进行精确控制，否则容易导致冲压成形不良。

其次，由于金属在加热过程中容易发生氧化、变色等问题，需要采取相应的防护措施，增加生产成本。

此外，热冲压工艺还需要使用专门的设备和模具，投入成本较高。

综上所述，热冲压工艺技术是一种高效、精确的金属加工方法，具有广泛的应用前景。

随着科技的不断进步和工艺技术的不断改进，相信热冲压工艺技术将在未来的金属加工领域发挥更大的作用。

毕业设计开题报告测控技术与仪器热冲压成形装备设计1前言部分随着国家汽车正碰、侧碰、排放等强制法规的相继推出，汽车车身钢铁用材正日益面临严峻的挑战。

采用先进高强钢，如DP钢、TRIP钢、高扩孔钢等也无可争议地成为汽车用材的主流趋势[1]。

通过车身零件减薄和高强的合理匹配，不仅可以有效减轻车身重量。

降低油耗，而且可以提高车型的安全性和舒适性。

在汽车轻质化的进程中,高强度和超高强度钢铁材料的应用在减重、节能、提高安全性、降低排放等方面都展现出了广阔的前景, 冲压装备以金属板材为加工对象，生产各种各样的冲压件，广泛应用于汽车、机械、电器、仪表及航空等行业。

据不完全统计，轿车零部件中占40％以上的是金属板材冲压件[2]。

在传统热冲压领域，无论是装备还是核心技术方面，公开发表的文章相对较多，国内也有较多文献报道[3,4,5]。

而在钢板热冲压新技术领域，公开发表的研究成果则相对较少。

对于强度超过1000MPa的高强钢，传统冲压工艺往往束手无策。

一种新型的成形工艺，特殊高强度钢板的热冲压技术应运而生，即热冲压技术。

钢板热冲压是一种将先进高强度钢板加热到奥氏体温度后快速冲压，在保压阶段通过模具实现淬火并达到所需冷却速度，从而得到组织为马氏体，强度在1000MPa 左右的超高强度零件的新型成形技术。

大型多工位压力机的出现，改变了大型冲压生产线的传统组合方式。

据美国精密锻压协会统计，美国3大汽车公司680多条冲压线中有70％为多工位压力机；日本在美国的35条冲压线中有24台多工位压力机，占69％；日本国内的250条冲压线中，有80多条多工位压力机，占32％[6]。

由于国外钢板热冲压新技术基本上处于技术封锁和垄断状态，所以国内相关产业很少有能接触、了解热冲压技术，更少能接触工业化的热冲压装备的设计。

国外的热冲压生产线也很少有冲压淬火与冷却集于一体的热冲压装备，国内的冲压生产线具有这样的装备更是少之又少。

因此，对现有的冲压成形工艺进行研究，并针对高强度钢的热成形装置进行设计，进而从机电一体化和机械机构设计出发，从根本上解决高强度钢热冲压淬火与冷却生产工艺的改善，是一项不但有学术价值，而且将会产生巨大经济效益和提高汽车安全性能。

冲压工艺文献综述范文1. 引言冲压工艺是指利用模具和压力机将金属板料冲裁、弯曲、拉伸等加工成型的一种重要的塑性加工方法。

它广泛应用于汽车、家电、航空航天等多个领域。

冲压工艺具有生产效率高、自动化程度高、易于实现批量化生产等优点,是当前金属成型加工中应用最为广泛的技术之一。

2. 冲压工艺的发展历程冲压工艺最早可追溯到公元前3世纪的古希腊时期。

随着社会的进步和工业的发展,冲压工艺也不断得到改进和完善。

19世纪中期,随着机械压力机的出现,冲压工艺开始逐步实现机械化。

20世纪初,冲压模具得到了长足发展,促进了冲压工艺的广泛应用。

近几十年来,计算机辅助设计、数字化模拟分析等先进技术的引入,使得冲压工艺的设计和生产更加精准高效。

3. 冲压工艺的关键技术3.1 材料选择合适的材料选择是冲压工艺成功的基础。

常用的冲压材料包括钢板、铝板、铜板等金属板材。

材料的力学性能、成型性能等对冲压工艺的影响很大。

3.2 模具设计模具设计是冲压工艺的核心环节。

模具结构设计、型面设计、导向系统设计等都会影响冲压件的质量。

计算机辅助设计和数字化仿真分析技术的应用,使得模具设计更加科学合理。

3.3 成型工艺成型工艺包括冲裁、弯曲、拉伸、模塑等多种工艺,不同的工艺用于制造不同的冲压件。

工艺参数的优化控制对于提高产品质量、降低生产成本至关重要。

3.4 质量控制冲压工艺涉及材料、模具、设备、工艺等多个环节,需要全面的质量控制措施来确保产品质量。

常用的质量控制方法包括统计过程控制、故障模式与影响分析等。

4. 冲压工艺的发展趋势4.1 绿色环保化未来的冲压工艺需要朝着绿色环保的方向发展,如采用新型环保材料、节能减排工艺等。

4.2 智能化和自动化通过引入人工智能、机器视觉等新兴技术,实现冲压工艺的智能化和自动化,提高生产效率和产品质量。

4.3 轻量化设计为满足节能减排的需求,未来冲压工艺需要向轻量化设计发展,如采用新型高强度轻质材料等。

5. 结语冲压工艺作为一种重要的金属塑性加工方法,在工业生产中发挥着重要作用。

热冲压相关资料(总2页) -CAL-FENGHAI.-(YICAI)-Company One1-CAL-本页仅作为文档封面，使用请直接删除热冲压成形工艺一般是将板料加热到再结晶温度以上某个适当的温度，使其完全奥氏体化后再进行冲压成形，冲压成形之后需要保压一段时间使零件形状尺寸趋于稳定。

钢板热冲压是一种将先进高强度钢板加热到奥氏体温度后快速冲压，在保压阶段通过模具实现淬火并达到所需冷却速度，从而得到组织为马氏体，强度在1500MPa左右的超高强度零件的新型成形技术。

热冲压成形工艺流程为：下料→加热（钢板在步进式加热炉中加热到800—950℃，形成奥氏体组织）→快速转移到压力机上（机器人或机械手带夹持器）→成形、冷却（快速合模、成形，保压6—12s，冷却到200℃，形成马氏体组织）→随室温冷却，得到抗拉强度很高的零件超高强度钢的半热冲压技术以提高零件的成形性和降低回弹量为主要目的，不具备淬火强化功能。

（TD：半热冲压是先加热再冲压）半热冲压工艺是将板料加热到再结晶温度以上某个适当温度，使其完全奥氏体化后再进行冲压成形，以降低板料成形时的流动应力、提高成形性、消弱回弹和降低所需设备的吨位。

热冲压成形工艺主要的优点和缺点1 优点与冷冲压成形工艺相比，热冲压成形工艺有其独特的优点，具体表现在以下几个方面。

1．1成形性好热冲压成形性比较好。

钢板材料高温下塑性好、成形能力强，可成形冷冲压无法成形的复杂零件。

1．2零件尺寸精度高热冲压成形没有回弹，完全消除了回弹对零件形状的影响，实现高精度成形，这是冷冲压成形无法比拟的。

1．3成形所需的压机吨位小高温下材料变形阻力小，需要的成形力小，相应的压力机吨位也小，一般800t压机就能满足绝大部分车身零件热冲压所需，因此能够降低压机的设备投资并减少能耗。

1．4车型碰撞性能优异，节能降耗采用热冲压零件(纵向承载梁、地板通道、横向支撑架、前保险杠等)的某车型正面碰撞后驾驶室完好，可以实现更高程度零件减薄高强化，在保障车型碰撞特性的前提下有效实现轻量化，降低了汽车油耗和排放。

热冲压综述H. Karbasian, A.E. Tekkaya轻型结构与成型工艺研究所，多特蒙德理工大学，Baroper Str. 301, D-44227，多特蒙德，德国摘要：具有需求性能的热冲压（也被称之为硬压加工）高强钢板零件的生产需要渊博的知识和成形规程的控制。

通过这种方式，在不同工艺参数和相互作用下，零件最后的性能具有可预见性和可调节性。

除了常见的冷成形参数，热参数和微观结构参数使得热冲压过程中的力学现象的描述变得复杂，而这正是这种成形方式所有物理现象所必须得到的阐述。

在这篇文章中，热冲压中的热、力学、微观结构和工艺领域的艺术状态得到了综述。

所有工艺流程的研究，从毛坯加热到热冲压和后续的进一步工艺均得到了描述。

现有著作的一项调查显示了一些差距，这些差距是在形成相依相改造，整个过程中不断的塑性流动行为，力学和几何的一部分属性之间的相关性，和一些先进工艺的工业应用领域中。

回顾分析目的在于提供对成形规程背景的深入了解和显示了在热金属板料成形领域进一步研究及创新的巨大潜力。

关键词：热冲压高强钢板 22MnB51.引言出于对减轻整车重量，提高安全性和防碰撞性能的需要，采用高强钢板制造的汽车零部件的需求量是显然的。

热冲压是由瑞士一家公司（Plannja）开发用来加工锯片和割草机刀刃的，并获得了专利(GB1490535, 1977)。

在1984年，萨博汽车公司是第一个采用硬化的硼钢作为萨博9000汽车组件的汽车制造商。

生产的零部件的产量从1987年的3亿件/年增加到1997年的8亿件/年。

自2000年以来，更多的热冲压件被应用在汽车上，每年的零部件的生产量已经达到了约1.07亿件/年。

热冲压件在汽车工业中的应用主要是底盘部件，如左右车柱，保险杠，车顶纵梁，摆臂横杆和隧道（图1）。

热加工目前存在着两种不同的主要的变种：直接和间接热冲压方法。

在直接热冲压加工中，毛坯在炉子里被加热后被转移到压床上，随后成形并在封闭的工具中进行淬火（图2a）。

A review on hot stampingThe production of high strength steel components with desired properties by hot stamping (also called press hardening) requires a profound knowledge and control of the forming procedures. In this way, the final part properties become predictable and adjustable on the basis of the different process parameters and their interaction. In addition to parameters of conventional cold forming, thermal and microstructural parameters complicate the description of mechanical phenomena during hot stamping, which are essential for the explanation of all physical phenomena of this forming method.In this article, the state of the art in the thermal, mechanical, microstructural, and technological fields of hot stamping are reviewed. The investigations of all process sequences, from heating of the blank to hot stamping and subsequent further processes, are described. The survey of existing works has revealed several gaps in the fields of forming-dependent phase transformation, continuous flow behavior during the whole process, correlation between mechanical and geometrical part properties, and industrial application of some advanced processes. The review aims at providing an insight into the forming procedure backgrounds and shows the great potential for further investigations and innovation in the field of hot sheet metal forming.Development of tribo-simulator for hot stamping冲压工艺过程仿真开发Coefficients of friction were measured at elevated temperatures using a hot flat strip drawing test machine newly developed by the authors for the purpose of confirming the coefficients of friction used for the FEM simulation of hot stamping. To examine the functions of the tribo-simulator, the coefficients of friction are measured using hot rolling oil with an emulsion, which is supplied continuously, while varying the drawing speed, drawing pressure and temperature. From the experimental results, it was shown that the coefficient of friction in hot stamping can be measured using this tribo-simulator. The measured coefficients of friction can be used as values in the FEM simulation of hot stamping. Moreover, the tribological behavior at the interface between the die and strip in hot stamping can be evaluated from the coefficient of friction, because it is one of the quantitative values used to represent the tribological behavior between the die and blank.Die design for stamping a notebook case with magnesium alloy sheetsIn the present study, the stamping process for manufacturing a notebook top cover case with LZ91 magnesium–lithium alloy sheet at room temperature was examined using both the experimental approach and the finite element analysis. A four-operation stamping process was developed to eliminate both the fracture and wrinkle defects occurred in the stamping process of the top cover case. In order to validate the finite element analysis, an actual four-operation stamping process was conducted with the use of 0.6 mm thick LZ91 sheet as the blank. A good agreement in the thickness distribution at various locations between the experimental data and the finite element results confirmed the accuracy and efficiency of the finite element analysis. The superior formability of LZ91 sheet at room temperature was also demonstrated in the present study by successful manufacturing of the notebook top cover case. The proposed four-operation process lends itself to an efficient approach to form the hinge in the notebook with less number of operational procedures than that required in the current practice. It also confirms that the notebook cover cases can be produced with LZ91 magnesium alloy sheet by the stamping process. It provides an alternative to the electronics industry in the application of magnesium alloys.Improving the accuracy of contact-type drawbead elements in panel stamping analysis面板冲压的材料与接触类型A finite element modeling technique is proposed to improve the accuracy of contact-type drawbead elements in panel forming analyses, and a performance assessment in terms of part border and thickness predictions is presented in conjunction with panel stamping experiments of two automotive sheets. Inherent model limitations causing incorrect part geometry and thickness predictions are, firstly, evaluated considering blank deformations on a plain–strain section of a stamping die. The influence of omitted drawbead geometry and overestimated drawbead exit thickness are described analytically, and a closed form expression is obtained to correct draw-in model error. Then a sectional deformation model is used to calculate restraint force and drawbead exit thickness for a particular blank and drawbead design. The proposed technique is applied in process modeling of polygon shaped panels made of draw-quality and bake-hardenable steels. Three bead penetrations were investigated in process simulations as well as in stamping experiments. The same blankholder force was applied in all process conditions. Computed draw-in and thickness distributions were compared with on-part measurements using an experimental panel-draw die. It was determined that drawbead models based on force parameters only resulted in remarkably high thickness values at the die entry and mostly overestimated draw-in along panel border lines. An evaluation of thickness distributions computed with proposed technique showed an improved correlation with experiment results of both blank materials and confirmed the use of the drawbead exit thickness as a drawbead modeling parameter. Effects of bead penetration on panel border lines were also simulated in accord with stamping experiments.热冲压机床与设备及其冷却系统设计Design of Hot Stamping Tools with Cooling SystemHot stamping with high strength steel is becoming more popular in automotive industry. In hot stamping, blanks are hot formed and press hardened in a water-cooled tool to achieve high strength. Hence, design of the tool with necessary cooling significantly influences the final properties of the blank and the process time. In this paper a new method based on systematic optimization to design cooling ducts in tool is introduced. The optimization procedure was coupled with FE analysis and a specific evolutionary algorithm. Through this procedure each tool component was separately optimized. Subsequently, the hot stamping process was simulated both thermally and thermo-mechanically with the combination of optimized solutions.热冲压的材料机械性能Investigation of the thermo-mechanical properties of hot stamping steelsWithin the innovative hot forming process for sheet metals, called hot stamping, it is possible to combine forming and quenching in one process step. This affords the opportunity to manufacture components with complex geometric shapes, high strength and a minimum of springback which currently find applications as crash relevant components in the automotive industry. As standard material for hot stamping the quenchenable high strength steel 22MnB5 is commonly used. With regard to the numerical modeling of the process, the knowledge of thermal and thermo-mechanical properties of the material is required. To determine the thermo-mechanical material characteristics, the flow behavior of the steel 22MnB5 in the austenitic state has been investigated by conductive, hot tensile tests with a Gleeble 1500 system dependent on the time–temperature characteristic of the hot stamping process.金属钣金快速冲压先进系统Fast FE analysis system for sheet metal stamping—FASTAMPFASTAMP is a fast FE analysis system for sheet metal stamping, which is based on an improved inverse approach and dynamic explicit method. The improved algorithm successfully avoids the strain localization problem existing in plastic deformation theory to lay foundation for the inverse approach. Quadrilateral membrane elements together with DKQ bend element are used in the algorithm to considering bending effect. More accurate model is built in the system so that the process parameters, such as blank-holding force, friction and drawbead restriction, can be taken into account. Press types, eject plate and other influence factors on sheet metal forming are also considered. As a result, the system can be applied to potential defects detection, formability analysis, material selection and process verification. Product design, process planning and die design can be integrated by FASTAMP, so that product formability can be ensured, optimization of stamping process and die structure achieved.钣金冲压的电子电磁辅助自控设施Electromagnetically assisted sheet metal stampingA new approach, electromagnetically assisted sheet metal stamping, has been developed to alter strain distribution and improve formability in sheet metal stamping. In this study,this new approach was applied to form a non-symmetric panel from Al 6111-T4. The results show that this new approach greatly increased the draw depth of the formed panel, compared with conventional stamping. A detailed analysis of strain distribution, stretching and draw-in shows that both a more homogeneous strain distribution and enhanced draw-in contribute to producing deeper pans in a single press operation. This work demonstrates the feasibility of electromagnetically assisted sheet metal stamping, which offers a much improved ability to make complex components in a single press stroke as compared to conventional stamping.多步钣金冲压中的材料厚度变化率保证使用的优化软件Minimization of the thickness variation in multi-step sheet metal stampingThis paper presents an efficient method to optimize the intermedial tool surfaces in the multi-step sheet metal stamping process to obtain improved quality of a product at the end of forming. The proposed method is based on a combination of finite element modeling (FEM) and the response surface method (RSM). The objective of the optimization is to minimize the thickness variation of the part at the final stage. The constraint function of local fracture is introduced by the use of the forming limit curve (FLC). With acceptable accuracy and high efficiency, the multi-step inverse method is used together with RSM to check various intermediate surfaces to search for the optimal shape parameters. After the convergence of the optimization, the result is validated using commercial software DYNAFORM®.Application of a feasible formability diagram for the effective design in stamping processes of automotive panels图表化冲压过程柔性化设计方法的应用自动面板控制The objective of this study is to propose a method of process design that uses a feasible formability diagram, which denotes the safe region without fracture and wrinkle, for the effective and rapid design of stamping processes. To determine the feasible formability diagram, FE-analyses have been performed for combinations of process variables that correspond to the orthogonal array of design of experiments. Subsequently, thecharacteristic values for fracture and wrinkle have been estimated from the results of FE-analyses on the basis of the forming limit diagram. The characteristic values for all combinations within a whole range of process variables have been predicted through the training of an artificial neural network. The feasible formability diagram has been finally determined for all combinations of process variables. The stamping processes of automotive panels to support suspension module, such as the turret suspension and the wheel house, have been taken as examples to verify the effectiveness of process design through feasible formability diagram. A comparison of the FE-simulation results with the experimental results reveals that the design of stamping processes through feasible formability diagram is efficient and suitable for actual processes.Development of nano-columnar carbon coating for dry micro-stampingTwo-stage cold stamping of magnesium alloy cups having small corner radius杯型零件的两步化冲压方法A two-stage cold stamping process for forming magnesium alloy cups having a small corner radius from commercial magnesium alloy sheets was developed. In the 1st stage, a cup having large corner radius was formed by deep drawing using a punch having large corner radius, and the corner radius of the cup was decreased by compressing the side wall in the 2nd stage. In the deep drawing of the 1st stage, fracture was prevented by decreasing the concentration of deformation with the punch having large corner radius. The magnesium alloy sheets were annealed at 500 °C to increase the cold formability. Circular and square cups having small corner radii were formed by the two-stage cold stamping. For the circular cup, the height of the cup was increased by ironing the side wall in the 1st stage. The radii of the bottom and side corners of the square cup were reduced by a rubber punch for applying pressure at these corners in the 2nd stage. It was found that comparatively shallow magnesium alloy square cups used as cases of laptop computers and mobile phones can be satisfactorily formed at room temperature without heating by the two-stage stamping.Numerical simulation of hot stamping of quenchable boron steelQuenchable boron steel is a new type of ultra-high-strength steel used for automotive parts to reduce the weight of automobiles and maintain the safety requirements. On the basis of experimental data of mechanics and thermal physical properties, a material model under hot stamping condition of quenchable steel was set up, and the numerical simulation to the whole hot stamping process of hot forming, quenching and spring-back of bending parts was made with ABAQUS software. The results show that the springback of hot stamping parts increases when the blank-holder force (BHF) decreases; and it increases when the clearance between punch and dies increases and when the die radius increases. The simulation results are basically in agreement with experimental results.热冲压工艺过程的数字化仿真A numerical investigation to the strategies of the localised heating for micro-part stampingLocal heating renders attractive characteristics for achieving high efficiency of metal forming. With reference to micro-part stamping, two localised-heating methods, electrical heating and laser-heating, are investigated with FE simulation. Results show that electrical heating would result in an advantageous distribution of the temperature in a steel work-material. A desired temperature distribution may also be achievable for a copper work-material, if a high-powered laser beam is used. Both electrical heating and laser-heating enable reduction of the stamping force and increase of the aspect ratio that is achievable by stamping. The simulation also demonstrates that both electrical heating and laser-heating are able to result in the desired temperature-distributions at sufficiently high heating-rates and that the methods are easy to be implemented. The comparison further shows that electrical heating is more favourable for engineering applications.微小零件的冲压过程策略与方式仿真Prevention of oxidation in hot stamping of quenchable steel sheet by oxidation preventive oilOxidation in hot stamping of quenchable steel sheets heated in an electrical furnace was prevented by coating the sheets with oxidation preventive oil. A solid film is generated on the surface of the sheet by drying the coated sheet, and the film changes i nto a liquefied film having an oxidation barrier at elevated temperatures. Hot hat-shaped bending of the coated sheet was performed to examine the properties of the products. For the bent products, the oxidation preventive oil was effective, the shape accuracy was very high and the hardness increased to a level of 1.5 GPa in tensile strength.热冲压用油防止氧化。

热冲压的现状和趋势热冲压是一种将金属板材加热至高温后进行冲压成型的金属加工方法。

它相对于常规冷冲压具有更高的成形性能和更复杂的几何形状，并且能够在更短的时间内完成成形过程。

以下是热冲压的现状和趋势：现状：1. 应用领域广泛：热冲压技术已广泛应用于汽车、航空航天、电子器件等行业。

特别是在汽车行业中，热冲压可以用于制造复杂形状的车身零部件和结构件，提高车辆的安全性能和整体轻量化水平。

2. 技术水平不断提高：随着材料科学、工艺技术和设备制造的进步，热冲压技术的成型能力和质量控制能力得到提高。

同时，在材料选择、模具设计和加热控制方面的研究也取得了一系列突破，使得热冲压能够更好地适应不同金属材料的加工需求。

3. 经济效益显著：热冲压可以减少成形过程中的弹性回弹和加工硬化现象，提高材料的利用率，降低成本。

同时，高温状态下的金属变形性能较好，可以在单一工位上完成多工序的加工，提高生产效率，减少人工操作。

趋势：1. 材料多样化：随着工程材料的不断发展，新型高强度、高韧性和轻量化材料的应用越来越广泛。

热冲压技术将会进一步研究和应用于这些材料的加工中，满足不同工业领域对材料性能的要求。

2. 模具制造精度提高：热冲压模具的制造精度对于成形质量的控制至关重要。

模具制造工艺和加工设备将进一步改进，以提高模具的加工精度和表面质量，提高成形产品的几何形状和尺寸一致性。

3. 数字化和自动化生产：热冲压过程中的温度、压力、成形力等参数对于产品质量具有重要影响。

通过引入数字化和自动化控制技术，可以实时监测和控制这些加工参数，提高生产过程的稳定性和一致性。

总的来说，热冲压技术在金属板材成形领域具有广阔的发展前景，将会继续在工业生产中得到广泛应用，并不断推动行业的发展和进步。

热冲压的发展史全文共四篇示例，供读者参考第一篇示例：热冲压技术是一种利用热力对金属进行塑性变形加工的方法，广泛应用于金属制造、汽车制造、航空航天等领域。

热冲压技术的发展历程可以追溯到上世纪50年代，随着科技的不断进步和工艺的不断完善，热冲压技术已经取得了长足的发展。

热冲压技术最初是在冷冲压工艺的基础上发展起来的。

冷冲压技术虽然具有高效、高精度、低成本的优势，但在处理高强度、高硬度的金属时往往会遇到困难。

热冲压技术的出现填补了这一空白，为金属加工技术的发展注入了新的活力。

上世纪50年代，美国、德国等发达国家开始推广热冲压技术。

热冲压技术通过提高金属的温度，使其易于塑性变形，并能够降低工件的强度和硬度，从而实现更高效、更精确的加工。

在这一时期，热冲压技术主要应用于军工、航空航天等领域，为国防建设和科技发展做出了重要贡献。

随着全球工业化的快速发展，热冲压技术逐渐走向了民用领域。

特别是在汽车制造领域，热冲压技术得到了广泛应用。

汽车零部件通常需要具有一定的强度和硬度，同时又要求精度高、成本低，热冲压技术正好满足了这些需求。

采用热冲压技术可以大幅提高汽车零部件的生产效率，降低生产成本，同时还能提高产品的质量和性能。

随着科技的不断进步，热冲压技术也在不断创新和完善。

近年来，一些新兴的热冲压技术逐渐兴起，如热成形、热冲熔复合成形等。

这些新技术在提高加工效率、降低能耗、改善工件质量等方面具有独特的优势，为热冲压技术的发展带来了新的契机。

未来，随着智能制造、数字化技术等的不断发展，热冲压技术将会迎来新的发展机遇。

热冲压技术将更加智能化、自动化，加工精度、效率将会大幅提高，同时还会实现对多品种、小批量生产的适应。

热冲压技术的应用领域也将不断拓展，涵盖更多的金属材料和产品类型。

第二篇示例：热冲压技术最早可以追溯到19世纪末。

当时，工业革命的推动下，人们开始寻求更有效率的金属加工方式。

在试图解决冲压过程中金属脆化和延展性下降的难题时，科学家们开始研究采用加热的方法来提高金属的变形性能。