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2019年高考英语真题分项解析:专题10+名词性从句

2019年高考英语真题分项解析:专题10+名词性从句
2019年高考英语真题分项解析:专题10+名词性从句

专题十名词性从句

1.【2019·湖南】26.You have to know ________ you're going if you are to plan the best way of getting there.

A. what

B. that

C. where

D. who

【答案】C

【考点定位】考查宾语从句。

【名师点睛】判断是什么句子最关键,这个句子是由know引导的宾语从句,宾语从句的连接词有连接代词和连接副词。因为从句部分缺少状语成分,答案就出来了。正确解答该题需要理解句意以及注意上下文(you're going if you are to plan the best way of getting there.)的表达。

2.【2019·北京】3

3.I truly believe ______beauty comes from within.

A. that

B. where

C. what

D. why

【答案】A

【解析】

试题分析:句意:我很相信美丽源自于内心! 本题考查宾语从句。从句部分不缺少任何成分,因此用that起到连接作用,也可以省略。从句部分不缺少任何成分,因此用that起到连接作用,也可以省略。故选A。

【考点定位】考查名词性从句。

【名师点睛】名词性从句分多种,宾语从句在考试中也是很常见的,要注意宾语是句子的一个重要成分,它可以由名词、代词、名词短语或句子充当。当一个句子充当宾语时,这个句子就称之为宾语从句。一般情况下,宾语从句可作谓语的宾语,也可做主语的宾语。根据所选空在句中所作的成分来判断出是何种名词性从句。

3.【2019·安徽】25.A ship in harbor is safe, but that’s not ______ ships are built for.

A. what

B. whom

C. why

D. when

【答案】A

【解析】

试题分析:句意:船停放在海港里是很安全的,但这并非建造船的目的。isn’t后跟从句作表

语,表语从句中的for后缺少宾语,用what引导,what与for连用,表示目的。故选A。

【考点定位】考查名词性从句

【名师点睛】本题考查表语从句。表语从句是名词性从句的一种,名词性从句还包括主语从

句、宾语从句和同位语从句。可以根据从句在句子中充当的成分来判断名词性从句的类型。

isn’t后跟一个从句作表语,what在名词性从句中作主语、宾语或表语;why和when作状语。

介词for后缺少宾语,因此用what。

4.【2019·浙江】6. If you swim in a river or lake, be sure to investigate is below the

water surface. Often there are rocks or branched hidden in the water.

A. what

B. who

C. that

D. whoever 【答案】A

【解析】

试题分析:句意:如果你在河里或湖里游泳,请确定查看水面下有什么?通常总有一些石头

或树枝藏在水里。此处的what指代的是树枝或石头,B选项和D选项用于指人,that 只有

语法意义。句式上,该句用了(If 从句,祈使句)的句式,非谓语to investigate 后接一个宾语

从句的表达。分析宾语从句的成分可以发现,空格所做的成分是主语。根据下一句的表述中

的树枝和石头,可以得出答案是what.

【考点定位】考查宾语从句的连接词

【名师点睛】判断是什么句子最关键,这个句子是由investigate引导的宾语从句,因为从句

部分is 前面缺少成分,答案就出来了。正确解答该题需要理解句意以及注意上下文(Often

there are rocks or branched hidden in the water.)的表达。

5.【2019·重庆】8.We must find out ____ Karl is coming, so we can book a room for him.

A.when

B. how

C. where

D. why

【答案】A

【解析】

试题分析:句意:我们必须弄明白什么时候来,因此我们能给他预定房间。Find out 后面跟

着宾语从句。根据句意选when。

【考点定位】考查宾语从句。

【名师点睛】宾语从句连接词的考查,宾语从句一共分为三类,一由that引导的宾语从句;二是由连接代词who,whom,whose,what,which和连接副词when,where,why,who,how引导的宾语从句,这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句充当某个成分。三由if或whether引导宾语从句。首先要根据句子结构来确实是哪一类,再根据具体的信息来确实用哪一个,是否符合当时的语境。

6.【2019·四川】8.The exhibition tells us we should do something to stop air pollution.

A. where

B. why

C. what

D. which

【答案】B

【解析】

试题分析:考查宾语从句。本句考查宾语从句的引导词。宾语从句中不缺少主语和宾语,故选项C错误,选项D担当定语,也错误。根据意思:这个展览告诉了我们,我们为什么要停止空气污染而不是我们在哪儿停止空气污染,故选择B。

【考点定位】考查宾语从句

【名师点睛】本题考查宾语从句的引导词。通常情况下,宾语从句如果是由陈述句变来时用that引导;如果由一般疑问句变来则用whether/if;而由特殊疑问句变来则用特殊疑问词。通过四个选项,排除1、2两种情况。而特殊疑问词的选择则要求对句子的结构内容有着全盘的掌握。此句中,主语、宾语、定语并不缺少,故选项C、D是错误的,再根据句意,只有B最为恰当。

7.【2019·陕西】19. Reading her biography, I was lost in admiration for Doris Lessing had achieved in literature.

A. what

B. that

C. why

D. how

【答案】A

【考点定位】考查宾语从句

【名师点睛】宾语从句是名词性从句的一种,解答这类题目,关键在于分析清楚句子结构。

确定这是什么从句,再通过判断从句中缺少的内容决定引导词在从句中所作的成分及意义,来选择正确的引导词。通常如果名词性从句缺少主语宾语和表语的时候用what连接。

8.【2019·福建】29—I wonder _________ Mary has kept her figure after all these years.

—By working out every day.

A.where

B. how

C. why

D. If

【答案】B

【解析】

试题分析:考查宾语从句。句中I是主语,wonder是谓语,how引导的宾语从句在整个句子中做宾语。连接副词How是宾语从句中的方式状语。句子是用表示方式的介词by回答的,所以是针对方式题提问的,故用how。根据句意---我好奇玛丽在这些年是怎么保持着身材的。--通过每天锻炼。故选C

【考点定位】考查宾语从句

【名师点睛】宾语从句算是高考中一个比较简单的考点,引导词主要的选择方法是看宾语从句的引导词在主句中做什么成分,不同的引导词表达的意思也不相同。通常宾语从句的前面会有一个及物动词,及物动词后面可以直接接上宾语,但是也要结合具体情况进行具体分析。

9.【2019·江苏】25._____ Li Bai, a great Chinese poet, was born is known to the public, but some won’t accept it.

A. That

B. Why

C. Where

D. How

【答案】C

【解析】

试题分析:句意:李白是中国一位伟大的诗人,他的出生地是众所周知的,但有些人不愿接受这一事实。分析句子结构可知,a great Chinese poet做Li Bai的同位语,is前面是主语从句。比较选项只有where符合句意,where在从句中做地点状语。故选C项。

【考点定位】名词性从句

【名师点睛】此题由于“a great Chinese poet”的插入,句子结构变得稍显复杂,因此要求考生能够排除结构干扰,看清考点还是考查名词性从句连接词的选择,然后根据“从句部分缺什么补什么的原则选则连接词”这一根本原则,同时结合句意,迅速锁定正确答案。

10.【2019·北京】35. _____we understand things has a lot to do with what we feel.

A. Where

B.How

C.Why

D. When

【答案】B

【解析】

试题分析:句意:我们如何理解事情与我们所感受的有很大关系。根据句意可知,主语从句缺少方式状语,因此选择how。故选B。

【考点定位】主语从句。

【名师点睛】主语从句分多种,解题时要分析原题空中缺少的是何种状语。这类题考生首先要利用主句与从句之间的逻辑关系判别,尤其是连词在从句中的功能,由于引导主语从句的连词功能有所分别,较为容易抉择,但有的连词的形式一样,但具有不同意思,这就需要考生仔细甄别,充分利用与之相关内容或与其搭配相关词语的意思。

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