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语法训练-Unit3 过去分词作定语和状语一、用所给单词的适当形式填空1. Well ________ (manage), his business soon took off.2. The woman scientist entered the room, ________ (follow) by her assistants.3. ________ (weaken) by successive storms, the bridge was no longer safe.4. ________ (support) by a girl, the old man got off the bus.5. ________(take) 30 minutes before each meal , the medicine is very effective against the illness.6. ________(face) with the increasing unemployment, many people went on strike in most of the European countries.7. ________(warn) that the Youth Olympic Games might be delayed due to sever e air pollution, our government has made a promise to Jacques Rogge that they will spare no effort to settle the problem.8. What surprised me most was that there appeared a ________ (surprise)look on her face on hearing the unexpected news.9. The book ________(refer) at the meeting is popular among teenagers.10. ________ (offer) great help, I can get rid of all the difficulties.二、单句改错1. The problem discussing yesterday at the meeting is important to all of us.2. Exhausting after the journey，little Tom soon fell asleep.3. My sister Lucy bought a computer producing in Indonesia.4. At present，English is the main subject teaching here.5. Attracting by the beauty of nature，the couple decided to spend another three days in the countryside.参考答案：一、1. managed2.followed3.Weakened4.Supported5. Taken6.Faced7.Warned8.surprised9. referred 10.Offered二、1. discussing→discussed2. Exhausting→Exhausted3. producing→produced4. teaching→taught5. Attracting→Attracted。
Unit 3 重点单词1. impression n. 印象；感想；印记(1) n.make/leave a(n)..... impression on/upon给……留下..... 的印象He left a good impression on me.(2)vt.impress使印象深刻；使铭记；打动impress sb with sth某事（物）给某人留下深刻印象The girl impressed her friends with humor.be impressed by/with对……印象深刻;某事（物）给某人留下深刻印象I'm deeply impressed by the scenery. impress on sb sth= impress sth on sb 某事（物）给某人留下深刻印象; 使某人牢记，注意到某事（物）My father impressed on me the value of hard work.= My father impressed the value of hard work on me.父亲让我铭记努力工作的重要性。
(3)adj. impressive 给人印象深刻的；感人的The film was so impressive that we couldn't help crying.2.take up(1)拿起He takes up a pen and writes down his name.(2)接受In order to get the job, I have to take up his suggestion.(3)开始（从事）；学着（做）I have take up teaching since I graduated from university.(4)占据（时间，空间等）Writing the paper took up most of the time. 写那篇论文占去了周末的大部分时间。
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高中英语模块五第三单元语法讲练牛津版必修5单元：Unit 3 Science Versus Nature板块：语法语法精讲动词的-ed形式（过去分词）一、构成和用法1、过去分词是动词非谓语形式的一种（v-ed），在句中作状语、定语、表语、宾语补足语。
例如：1）作状语：Interested in the stories (＝as they were interested in her stories), they gave Tracy Wong $15,000 advance. 因为对她的小说感兴趣，他们预付了Tracy Wong一万五千美元。
The boy sat at the table buried in his lessons (＝and (he) was buried inhis lessons). 那位男孩坐在桌前，埋头做功课。
2）作定语：The first mammal cloned from an adult cell（＝that was / had been cloned from an adult cell）was Dolly the sheep. 第一个用成年细胞克隆的哺乳动物是克隆羊多莉。
The name mentioned in the letter（＝which was mentioned in the letter）was unknown to me. 信里提到的名字我不熟。
3）作表语：We were surprised to find that the window was broken. 窗子破了。
4）作宾语补足语：He found it hard to make himself understood. 他发现很难使自己被理解。
问题：由上例（斜体部分）你能看出过去分词有什么特点？结论：a）过去分词（常常）表示“被动”含义。
．．． b）作状语和定语时，多数是由相应的从句转化而来。
模块五Unit 3 过去分词与形容词作状语讲解与练习2011/10/18一、过去分词的特征1．及物动词的过去分词既表被动，也表完成。
The books, written by Lu Xun(=which were written by Lu Xun), are popular with many Chinese people．鲁迅写的这些书，受到了许多国人的喜爱。
2．不及物动词的过去分词只表完成，不表被动。
The boy is gathering fallen leaves(=leaves that have fallen)．小男孩正在收集落叶。
二、过去分词的句法功能过去分词一方面具有动词的性质，另一方面也相当于一个形容词或副词，在句中可以作表语、定语、状语和补足语。
1．作表语。
过去分词作表语，主要表示主语的心理感觉或所处的状态。
He is quite pleased with the design of the dress．他很喜欢那礼服的式样。
(表示主语的心理感觉) Don’t touch the glass because it is broken．不要碰那个杯子，它是坏的。
(表示主语所处的状态) The shops have remained shut for a week．这些商店关门一周了。
【点津】过去分词作表语时，形式上和动词的被动语态结构相似，但两者表达的意义不同。
由过去分词作表语构成的系表结构强调主语的特点或所处的状态，构成被动语态的过去分词．则强调动作。
The book is well written．这本书写得很好。
(系表结构，表示主语的特点)The book was written by Lu Xun．这本书是鲁迅写的。
(被动结构，表示动作)2．作定语。
单个过去分词作定语常放在被修饰词的前面，过去分词短语放在被修饰词的后面。
polluted water 被污染的水a broken glass 一个被打破的玻璃杯a trained nurse 一名训练有素的护士the risen sun 升起了的太阳We only sell used books in our bookstore．我们书店只卖用过的书。
They bought a new machine made in Shanghai．他们买了一台上海产的新机器。
【点津】(1) 有些单个的过去分词，像left (剩余的)．concerned (有关的)等，习惯上用作后置定语。
standing room left 所剩的立足之地the people concerned 有关人士(2) 过去分词修饰something，anything，everything，nothing，anybody，somebody，nobody，everybody等不定代词或指示代词those时，要放在这些词的后面。
Those invited will be present at the meeting tomorrow．被邀请的那些人要出席明天的会议。
(invited作those的定语需后置)3．作补足语。
作宾补的过去分词一般都来自及物动词，和宾语有逻辑上的动宾关系。
可以带过去分词作宾语补足语的有：see，hear，watch，feel，think，find等表示感觉和心理状态的动词和have，make，get等使役动词，以及with的复合结构。
The boy found himself lost in the forest．那个男孩发现自己在森林里迷路了。
When you are making a speech，you should speak louder to make yourself heard．在作报告时，你应该大点声使自己被人听清。
He sat there，with his hands tied behind．他坐在那里，手被捆在后面。
【点津】由主动语态变为被动语态后，原来的宾语补足语即成为主语补足语。
One of the glasses was found broken．有人发现其中一个杯子破了。
They should be kept informed of the situation there．应该让他们知道那儿的形势。
4．作状语。
过去分词作状语时与现在分词一样，也可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等。
(1) 表示时间，相当于一个时间状语从句，有时过去分词前可加连词when或while来强调时间概念。
When completed．the museum will be open to the public next year.博物馆竣工后，明年将对大众开(2) 表示原因，相当于一个原因状语从句。
Encouraged by the speech，the young people made up their minds to take up the struggle．受到了演讲的鼓舞，年轻人决定从事斗争。
(3) 表示条件，相当于一个条件状语从句，有时过去分词前可用if等词。
Given another chance，he will do better．再给他一次机会，他会做得更好。
(4) 表示让步，相当于一个though／although引导的让步状语从句。
Laughed at by many people，he continued his study．尽管被许多人嘲笑，他还是继续他的研究。
(5) 表示方式或伴随情况。
The old man went into the room，supported by his wife．那个老人在他妻子的搀扶下走进了房间。
【点津】(1) 过去分词作状语，修饰谓语动词，进一步说明谓语动词的动作和状态。
通常情况下，其逻辑主语通常就是句子的主语，且主语是过去分词动作的承受者，也就是说，过去分词与句子的主语之间是被动关系。
When asked why he came here，the boy kept silent．当那个男孩被问到为何来这里时，他沉默不语。
(过去分词asked与句子的主语the boy 之间构成被动关系)(2) 动词的过去分词的一些固定结构也可在句中作状语，但不受后面句子的主语限制，也就是说，该过去分词不和主语构成被动关系。
Provided(that)there is no opposition，we shall hold the meeting there．如果没有人反对，我们将在那里开会。
(provided在此充当连词，意为“如果，只要”，等于providing)三、充当形容词的现在分词和过去分词的区别充当形容词的现在分词和过去分词在用法上有许多相似之处，它们的主要区别如下：1．现在分词常用来修饰物，说明主语的性质或特征，意为“令人……”。
The news was really exciting．这消息真是令人激动。
2．过去分词常用来修饰人，说明主语所处的状态，意为“感到……”。
She was too disappointed to say a word．她太失望了，说不出一句话。
【点津】过去分词也可修饰与人直接有关的事物。
如：expression, look, face等。
The boy looked up with a pleased expression．男孩抬起头，露出了欣喜的神情。
●●考点例析◆◆考点一：过去分词作定语与不定式(to be done) 和现在分词(being done)作定语的区别。
(1) 过去分词作定语表示一个被动或者完成的动作；(2) 不定式一般式的被动语态表示一个将要被做的动作；(3) 现在分词一般式的被动语态表示一个正在被做的动作。
试比较：a bridge built last year 一座去年修建的大桥a bridge to be built next year 一座下一年将要修建的大桥a bridge being built now 一座正在修建的大桥◆◆考点二：在with复合结构中，过去分词作宾语补足语与其他非谓语动词作补足语的区别。
在with复合结构中，过去分词作宾语补足语时与宾语之间被动和完成的关系；现在分词与宾语时主动关系；而不定式表示将来发生的动作。
◆◆考点三：系动词后接过去分词作表语的用法表状态的系动词如remain等后接过去分词作表语的用法由过去分词作表语构成的系表结构强调主语的特点和所处的状态，此时过去分词已形容词化。
高考中常考查remain后接过去分词作表语的用法。
基础题训练与高考题精练一、用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空1. The experience ___________ (gain) will be of great value for us.2. He continued to walk up and down，___________ (lost) in thought．3. We are also learning that truthful information，humanely(仁慈地) ___________ (convey)，helps patients cope with illness．4. With the problem___________ (solve)，the meeting came to an end.5. Everything ___________ (consider), it is possible for their factory to raise the output quickly．6. On these questions，we have made our views ___________ (understand)．7. When ___________ (turn) on，the radio still does not work．8. Once___________ (recover)，he threw himself into his work and made every effort to do it well.9. ___________ (see) his mother，the baby burst into laughter．10. Returning home，the woman found all the windows ___________ (break)．二、过去分词高考题1. The disc, digitally _____ in the studio, sounded fantastic at the party that night. (04上海)A. recordedB. recordingC. to be recordedD. having recorded2. Don’t use words, expressions, or phrases______ only to people with specific knowledge. (02上海)A. being knownB. having been knownC. to be knownD. known3. A man is being questioned in relation to the ________ murder last night.（04江苏）A. advisedB. attendedC. attemptedD. admitted4. The prize of the game show is $30,000 and an all expenses ________ vacation to China. (05北京)A. payingB. paidC. to be paidD. being paid5. There have been several new events ________ to the program for the 2008 Beijing OlympicGames. （2006北京卷）A. addB. to addC. addingD. added6 Five people won the “China’s Green Figure’award, a title ____ to ordinary people for their contributions to environmental protection. （2006山东卷）A. being givenB. is givenC. givenD. was given7. “Things ______ never come again!” I couldn’t help talking to myself.（07湖南卷）A. lostB. losingC. to loseD. have lost8. The first textbooks_____ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century.A. having writtenB. to be writtenC. being writtenD. written (1994)9. The trees __________ in the storm have been moved off the road. （08湖南卷）A. being blown downB. blown downC. blowing downD. to blow down10. The players ______ from the whole country are expected to bring us honor in this summer game.A. selectingB. to selectC. selectedD. having selected (11湖南)11. We finished the run in less than half the time ________.（08江西卷）A. allowingB. to allowC. allowedD. allows12. It is one of the funniest things ___________ on the Internet so far this year. （08浙江卷）A. findingB. being foundC. to findD. found13. The repairs cost a lot, but it’s money well ____ . （05湖北卷）A. to spendB. spentC. being spentD. spending14. Now that we’ve discussed our problem, are people happy with the decisions?（09全国卷I）A. takingB. takeC. takenD. to take15. I'm calling to enquire about the position ______ in yesterday's China Daily.A. advertisedB. to be advertisedC. advertisingD. having advertised16. The murderer was brought in, with his hands__________ behind his back. (91)A. being tiedB. having tiedC. to be tiedD. tied17. The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see______ the next year. (2000)A. carry outB. carrying outC. carried outD. to carry out18. Jenny hopes that Mr. Smith will suggest a good way to have her written English in a shortperiod. [2007 福建卷]A. improvedB. improvingC. to improveD. improve19. Even the best writers sometimes find themselves ______ for words. （2011浙江卷）A. loseB. lostC. to loseD. having lost20. Michael put up a picture of Yao Ming beside the bed to keep himself ________ of his owndreams.（2011重庆卷）A. remindingB. to remindC. remindedD. remind21. Lucy has a great sense of humor and always keeps her colleagues _______ with her stories.A. amusedB. amusingC. to amuseD. to be amused （10上海）22. Laws that punish parents for their little children’s actions against the laws get parents.A. worriedB. to worryC. worryingD. worry （04重庆）23. The research is so designed that once______ nothing can be done to change it. (2002广东)A. beginsB. having begunC. beginningD. begun24. ____________ some officials, Napoleon inspected his army. (1984)A. FollowedB. Followed byC. Being followedD. Having been followed by25. When first______ to the market, these products enjoyed great success. （04全国II）A. introducingB. introducedC. introduceD. being introduced26. It shames me to say it, but I told a lie when ________ at the meeting by my boss. （04全国IV）A. questioningB. have questionedC. questionedD. to be questioned27. Generally speaking, ______ according to directions, the drug has no side-effect. (2003上海)A. when takingB. when takenC. when to takeD. when to be taken28. with the size of the whole earth , the biggest ocean does not seem big at all.（04湖北）A. CompareB. When comparingC. ComparingD. When compared29. ______from other continents for millions of years, Australia has many plants and animals notfound in any other country in the world. （05湖北卷）A. Being separatedB. Having separatedC. Having been separatedD. To be separated30. ______ in a white uniform, he looks more like a cook than a doctor.（05湖南卷）A. DressedB. To dressC. DressingD. Having dressed31. ______ into use in April 2000, the hotline was meant for residents reporting water and heatingsupply breakdowns. （05上海卷）A. PutB. PuttingC. Having putD. Being put32. ______for the breakdown of the school computer network, Alice was in low spirits.（06福建）A. BlamingB. BlamedC. To blameD. To be blamed33. ______ by a greater demand for vegetables, farmers have built more green house.（07浙江卷）A. DrivenB. Being drivenC. To driveD. Having driven34. Ideally ___ for Broadway theatre and Fifth Avenue, the New York Park hotel is a favorite withmany guests. (08上海卷)A. locatingB. being locatedC. having been locatedD. located35. _________ the right kind of training, these teenage soccer players may one day grow into theinternational stars. （09江西卷22）A. GivingB. Having givenC. To giveD. Given36. ________with a difficult situation, Arnold decided to ask his boss for advice. (05北京春)A. To faceB. Having facedC. FacedD. Facing37. ________ not to miss the flight at 15:20, the manager set out for the airport in a hurry.（09福建）A. RemindingB. RemindedC. To remindD. Having reminded38. No matter how frequently , the works of Beethoven still attract people all over theworld. （2006广东卷）A. performedB. performingC. to be performedD. being performed39. The country has already sent up three unmanned spacecraft, the most recent _________ at the endof last March. (07山东)A. has been launchedB. having been launchedC. being launchedD. to be launched40. The children went home from the grammar school, their lessons _______ for the day.（07重庆）A. finishingB. finishedC. had finishedD. were finished41. In April, thousands of holidaymakers remained abroad due to the volcanic ashcloud.(2010)A. stickingB. stuckC. to be stuckD. to have stuck Keys: 1-5 ADCBD 6-10 CADBC 11-15 CDBCA 16-20 DCABC 21-25 AADBB 26-30 CBDCA 31-35 ABADD 36-41 CBABBB模块五 Unit3 形容词作状语2011/10/18形容词除了可以作定语、表语或补语外，还可以在句中作状语，具有副词的功能。
