英汉翻译-5 增补与省略
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谈英汉翻译技巧中的增补与省略【摘要】增补法是英汉翻译中常用的方法之一。
所谓增补,就是为了使译文准确和符合汉语习惯,译者应该添加必要的词句。
所谓省略法,就是将不必译的冠词、物主代词、连系动词等省略不译。
【关键词】翻译技巧增补法省略法英汉翻译是英语学习中最基本的技能之一,在今天的飞速发展的世界中越来越显示出它的重要性。
一篇好的译文应该是既忠实于原文,又符合汉语的用法习惯,并且在内容与形式上与原文达到辩证的统一。
忠实于原文是翻译中最重要的一点。
但由于英汉两种语言的巨大差异,“忠实”的涵义并不是逐字逐句地照搬原文,而是“忠实地表达”原作者的思想,准确地理解和恰当地表现原文。
因此,译者必须在理解原文的基础上,运用恰当的翻译技巧,将原文译出。
英汉翻译技巧一般来说有8种,即“分清主从”,“选词用字”,“增补法”,“省略法”,“词性转换”,“词序调整”,“正说反译和反说正译”以及“长句拆译”。
本文侧重谈谈英汉翻译技巧中的增补与省略这两种方法。
1.增补法增补法是英汉翻译中常用的方法之一。
增补不是给原文增加某些内容,而只是翻译中的一个必要的规则。
它实际上主张,为了使译文准确和符合汉语习惯,译者应该添加必要的词句。
增补法在下面几种情况下经常使用:A.当某些词在英语的句子中被省略时例如:We can get rid of a bad style and keep the good.虽然,在good 一词后省略了style.这句可译成:我们能够去掉不良作风,保持优良作风。
He majors in English and l in French.在I 后面省略了动词major.这句应译成:他主修英语,我主修法语。
在这类句子中,原文省略的部分应在译文中写出来。
B. 当英文中用代词来避免重复时例:Her room is lighter than the one next door.代词one 代表room.这句应译成:她的房间比隔壁那间亮堂。
英汉翻译第4-5总结Addition Omission (增补法省略法)一、Addition(增补法)1.增加动词(1)In the evening, after the banquets, the concerts and the table tennis exhibition, he would work on the drafting of the final communique.晚上在参加宴会、出席音乐会、观看乒乓球表演之后,他还得起草最后的公报。
(2)She felt the flowers were in her fingers, on her lips, growing in her breast.译文一:她觉得手里和唇上都是花儿,胸中也生长着花儿。
译文二:她觉得她好像手里拿着花,嘴里吻着花,连胸中也生出了花。
2.增加名词(1)We have made some achievements, and we must guard against complacency.我们取得了一些成绩,但还要防止自满情绪(2)Oxidation will make iron and steel rusty.氧化作用会使钢铁生锈。
(3)He allowed the father to be overruled by the judge,and declared his own son guilty.他让法官的职责战胜父子的私情,而判决他儿子有罪。
(4)In the future, automation may enable human beings to enjoy far more leisure than they do today.将来自动化可能使人类享受到比今天更多的空闲时间。
(5)This new type of computer is indeed cheap and fine.这部新型电脑真是价廉物美。
汉语翻译第15讲增补与省略异化翻译策略一、考试解题指导:Choose better or the best version in each group1.学生违反校规规都要受到老师的批评。
A. A student who violates any school rules will be criticized by the teacher.B. A student for his violation of any school rules will be criticized by the teacher.C. Violations of any school rules by a student will be criticized by the teacher.2.我们的英语学习取得了一个又一个进步。
A. We have made advances one after another for our English studies..B. Our English studies have made advances one after another..3. 那手里拿着一本书的中年女老师正等着学生讨论问题。
A.The aged woman with a book in her handis waiting for the students to discuss a problem.B. The middle-aged is waiting for the students to discuss a problem., holding a book in her hand.C. The middle-aged woman teacher holding a book in her hand is waiting for the students with whom she will discuss a problem.4.请全体学生,于明天在会议室开会。