研究生学术英语读写教程中文版

华中师大版《研究生英语读写译教程》上Unit1-Unit6 Text A单词Unit 1amber n. 琥珀色,琥珀adj. 琥珀色的,琥珀的attire n. 服装, 盛装v. 穿衣, 打扮besiege vt. 围攻, 包围blotch n. (皮肤上的)红斑点, (墨水等)斑点vt. 标上斑点，弄脏bout n. 来回(一次)brew n. 酿造酒, 蕴酿v. 酿造, 蕴酿brood n. 窝v. 孵,沉思bulge n. 膨胀,优势,暴增vt. 使...膨胀vi. 膨胀,充满consternation n. 惊愕, 恐怖, 惊惶失措contemplation n. 注视,沉思,打算crave v. 渴望, 热望, 恳求cress n. 水芹, 水韭dainty n. 适口的食物adj. 优美的, 讲究的, 适口的damask adj. 缎子的，淡红色的n. 锦缎，大马士革钢，淡红色vt. 用花纹装饰darning n. 需织补之物decipher vt. 译解deft adj. 敏捷熟练的, 灵巧的faculty n.能力，才能；全体教职员；<英>（大学的）专科，系；特权，特许fastidious adj. 难取悦的, 挑剔的, 苛求的=particulargaudy adj. 俗丽的n. （英）盛大宴会（尤指大学年会）gaunt adj. 憔悴的, 荒凉的hectic adj. 兴奋的,持续发热的,发红的hosiery n. 袜类，针织品judicious adj. 头脑精明的,贤明的,判断正确的laborious adj. 艰苦的, 费劲的lavender n. 熏衣草，淡紫色vt. 用薰衣草薰香matinee n. 日场演出morbid adj. 病态的, 不正常的multitude n. 多数, 群众muse vi. 沉思，冥想vt. 沉思默想n. 沉思，（希腊神话）缪斯，指引方向的神，诗歌，percale n.[纺]高级密织棉布placard n. 招贴, 布告vt. 张贴布告poignant adj. 悲伤的,痛切的，严厉的, 尖锐的, 剧烈的，浓烈的porte-monnaie n.小皮夹,小钱包preposterous adj. 荒谬的, 可笑的profusion n. 丰多, 大量，浪费reconcile vt. 和解,调和,妥协vi. 调和retired adj. 退休的，退役的retrospection n.&lt;正式&gt;回顾,追忆,考虑revel vi. 狂欢作乐, 陶醉n. 作乐, 狂欢sniffle v. 鼻子哼哼做声, 抽鼻涕, 哽咽n. 鼻子哼哼做声, 冷淡的对待soothing adj. 抚慰的；使人宽心的v. 安慰；减轻痛苦（soothe的现在分词）symmetrical adj. 对称的tiara n. 冠状头饰, (罗马教皇戴的)三重冠usher n. 带位员,招待员vt. 引导, 护送vi. 做招待,担任引座员veritable adj. 真实的, 确实的, 真正的wiggle v.扭动，摆动，踌躇n.扭动，蠕动，踌躇n.奶油青豆烧鱼wizard n. 男巫, 术士, 鬼才adj. 男巫的, 巫术的abandon n. 放纵vt. 放弃,遗弃,沉溺file out vi. 陆续退出by degrees渐渐地, 逐渐地indulge in沉溺于，纵情于make out vt. 起草,说明,结论,辨别,理解vi. 进展stick to坚持Unit 2adore v. 崇拜,爱慕,喜爱celebrity n. 名人, 著名,著名人士, 名声, 名誉, 社会名流combat n. 争斗,战斗vt. 打斗vi. 战斗,与…斗争adj. 战斗的converge vi. 聚合,集中于一点vt. 使集合distinction n. 区别; 卓越; 殊荣draft n. 草稿,草图,汇票，徵兵vt. 起草,征兵,选秀adj. 酝酿中的eligible adj. 可以选的,有资格的,合格的n. 有资格者,合格者,适任者emulate vt. 效法, 尽力赶上, 仿真[计算机] 仿真endorsement n. 支持,认可,背书excel vt. 超过, 优于vi. 胜出[计算机] 软件名称ferocious adj. 残忍的, 凶猛的，极度的，十分强烈的frustrate vt. 挫败,击败,破坏adj. 无益的,挫败的,挫折的icon n. 肖像, 偶像, 象征, 图符[计算机] 图标,图符lucrative adj. 有利益的,获利的,合算的profitable adj. 有益的, 有用的mogul n. 显要人物, 权势之人n. 小雪坡opponent n. 对手, 敌手, 反对者adj. 敌对的, 反对的pitch n.场地；最高点；音高；说教vt.用沥青涂；扔，投；树起，搭起；定位于vi.抛，扔；[棒球]当投手；搭帐篷；向前跌或冲profile n.侧面，半面；外形，轮廓；[航]翼型；人物简介vt.描…的轮廓；给…画侧面图；为（某人）写传略；[机]铣出…的轮廓rekindle v. 重新点燃revere v. 尊敬, 敬畏, 崇敬里维尔(美国马萨诸塞州城市, 避暑胜地) scrutiny n. 详细审查；监视；细看；选票复查stardom n. 演员的身份,演员们statue n. 塑像,雕像status n. 地位, 身份, 情形, 状况stature n. 身材, 身高transcend v. 超越trim n. 整齐,装饰,修剪下来的部分adj. 整洁的,匀称的adv. 整齐地vt. 修除,削剪,装备,痛打,击败, 使整洁vi. 保持平衡, 见风使舵abide by v. 遵守, 服从be eligible for适合于..., 对... 合格fall apart崩溃，瓦解, 破裂, 破碎shine through(喻)表现出来starve for v.急需,渴望take over接管,接任n. 接收,接管Transform… into…把……变成……Unit 3accumulate vt. 积聚,累加,堆积vi. 累积awaken v. 唤醒, 醒来, 唤起colloquial adj. 白话的,口语的,语体的conquest n. 征服contact lens n. 隐形眼镜comic n. 连环图画,喜剧演员,喜剧元素adj. 滑稽的,有趣的,喜剧的commoner n. 平民, 自费学生, 有共用权的人corrupt adj. 腐败的,堕落的vt. 使...恶化,贿赂,使...腐烂vi. 腐烂,堕落defiant adj. 挑衅的, 目中无人diminish vt. 减少,变小, 减损vi. 变少, 逐渐变细dominant adj. 占优势的，主导的，显性的n. 主宰者egghead n. 知识分子，理论家enlargement n. 扩大, 扩建，放大的照片erroneous adj. 错误的, 不正确的expansion n. 扩大,膨胀,扩充exuberance n. 茂盛, 充沛, 丰富Germanic adj. 德国的, 条顿民族的, 条顿语的n. 日耳曼语inclined adj. 倾向于...的infinitive n. 不定式adj. 不定式的ingratiate vt. 逢迎, 讨好inhabitant n. 居民institute n. 学会,学院,协会vt. 创立,开始,制定layman n. 俗人(对僧侣而言), 门外汉microfilm n. 缩影胶片mobility n. 可动性, 变动性, 情感不定Norman n.法国诺曼第人adj.诺曼第的,诺曼第人[语]的Norseman n. 古代挪威人, 古代斯堪地那维亚人parking meter汽车停放计时器, 汽车停放收费器raid n. 袭击；突袭；搜捕；抢劫vi. 对…进行突然袭击vt. 袭击，突袭n. (Raid)人名；(阿拉伯)拉伊德riot v.&amp;n. 骚乱,闹事vi. 闹事,骚乱smog n. 烟雾stabilization n.稳定性sturdy adj. 强健的, 健全的surly adj. 不和蔼的, 板著面孔的, 粗声暴气的uneven adj. 不平坦的, 不均匀的, 奇数的variant n. 变体adj. 不同的villain n. 坏人, 恶棍be bound to conj. 必然(不得不,束缚于,必须)reduce to降至，把...简化为Unit 4 abductor n. 诱拐者, [解]外展肌allegation n. 断言,主张,辩解,暗指amnesia n. 健忘症，记忆缺失auditorium n. 礼堂，观众席bashful adj. 害羞的celibacy n. 独身(主义)，禁欲charlatan n. 冒充内行者，骗子cynical adj. 愤世嫉俗的,吹毛求疵的demolish v. 毁, 破坏, 粉碎deplorable adj. 可叹的, 悲惨的, 凄惨的dictator n. 独裁者dispatch n. 派遣；急件vt. 派遣；分派distill v. 蒸馏, 滴下，吸取，提炼edifice n. 大厦, 大建筑物exalt v. 赞扬, 提升，加强fable n. 寓言fiduciary adj. 受托的, 信托的gullible adj. 易受骗的，轻信的halo n. (日月等)晕, 神像之光环harrowing adj. 悲痛的, 难受的动词harrow的现在分词形式homoerotic adj.同性恋(爱)的infidelity n. 不信神, 无信仰, 背信intractable adj. 不听话的, 倔强的, 棘手的irreparable adj. 不能修补的, 不能挽回的laureate n. 桂冠诗人，得奖人adj. 杰出的，带桂冠的vt. 戴桂冠，授予荣誉，授予桂冠诗人的称号mafia n. 黑手党, 秘密政党marital adj. 婚姻的monochromatic adj. 单色的,一色的namaste n.(印度)合十礼pedestal n. 基架, 底座, 受人尊敬的地位vt. 加座, 搁在台上plagiarize vt. 抄袭(剽窃,借用)presumably adv. 推测上,假定上,大概rack n. (行李)架,拷问台,齿轨vt. 折磨,使痛苦,拷问vi. 顶风飞行recrimination n. 反控告, 反责discrimination n. 歧视, 辨别力, 识别secular n. 牧师,凡人adj. 世俗的,现世的,不朽的shatter n. 碎片,乱七八糟的状态vt. 打碎,破掉,散开vi. 打破,脱落skeptical adj. 怀疑的smarmy adj. 令人厌烦的, 爱说奉承话的sooth adj. 真实的柔软的,甜蜜的;抚慰的stumble n. 绊倒,失策vi. 绊倒,失策,踌躇,无意中发现vt. 绊倒,困惑swashbuckling adj. 恃强凌弱的，虚张声势的动词swashbuckle的现在分词形式warp n. 弯,歪曲,乖僻vt. 弄歪,翘曲akin to vt. 类似(近于, 的同族)go astray迷路，误入歧途seize upon抓住,利用subscribe to订阅, 同意, 支持, 捐赠Unit 5advertising n. 广告业,广告adj. 广告的ambiguity n. 不明确,含糊,暧昧,模棱两可approximately adv.近似地,大约ascribe v. 归因于, 归咎于billboard n. 布告板,揭示栏,广告牌brash adj. 性急的, 仓促的, 无礼的n. 胃灼热, 骤雨, 碎片coincide v. 与...一致,符合,暗合commercial adj. 商业的n. 商业广告contingent adj. 或许会或不会发生的,附随的,暂时的n. 偶然的事情,份儿,分遣队disrupt adj. 分裂的,分散的v. 使...分裂,使...瓦解document n. 文件,公文vt. 记载,用文件等证明[计算机] 文档elevated adj. 抬高的，高尚的，升高的动词elevate的过去式和过去分词ethos n. 民族精神，道德风貌，思潮信仰feature n. 特征, 容貌vt. 以...为特色vi. 起重要作用gradient n. 倾斜度,坡度,升降率adj. 倾斜的,步行的,步行态的identical adj. 相同的,同一的intimidate vt. 威胁,恐吓,胁迫savvy v.知道，了解n.机智；头脑；理解；悟性adj.有见识的，懂实际知识的，通情达理的mill n. 磨粉机, 磨坊, 制造厂, 密尔:一种货币单位, 使陷于困境vt. 磨细vi. 乱转, 磨细overt adj. 公开的, 明显的, 公然的pedestrian adj. 徒步的,缺乏想像的n. 行人prominent adj. 杰出的,显著的,突出的pun n. 双关语vt. 说双关语respondent n.回答者；[法]（特指离婚诉讼的）被告；[生]反应，反射adj.应答的；有反应的；[法]被告的critique n. 批评,批评法,评论effacement n.抹消,抹杀self-effacement n. 不出风头, 谦逊status quo n. 现状strand n.（绳子的）股，绞；海滨，河岸；（思想等的）一个组成部分vt.使滞留，使搁浅；使陷于困境vi.搁浅；陷入困境surpass vt. 超越,凌驾,胜过sway n. 摇摆,动摇,影响力,支配vt. 使摇摆,使动摇,影响或控制vi. 摇摆,支配,动摇swoosh v. 发出嗖的一声，喷涌，旋动n. 嗖的一声synonymous adj. 同义的tactics n.战术,策略thought-provoking adj. 令人深思的, 发人深省的via prep. 经由account for对……负有责任；对……做出解释；说明……的原因；导致；（比例）占coincide with符合，与... 一致cutting edge尖端，前沿(刀片的)刃口，剪刃，切削刃drift n. 漂移,漂流物,观望,漂流,吹积物,趋势vi. 漂移,漂流,吹积vt. 使漂流,把...吹积in the case of adj. 万一(就...来说,至于)mount on登上play down降低，贬低, 减弱，淡化reflect on考虑，反思Unit 6 adversary n. 敌手, 对手alliance n. 结盟,联盟,联姻Alliance [地理名词] ally n. 盟友,同盟国vt. &vi. 联盟,联合，同盟anew adv. 重新, 再assembly n. 集合, 集会, 装配asunder adj. 分开地,零散地adv. 分离,化为碎片beachhead n.滩头阵地,立足点bear n. 熊v. 忍受,负荷v. 结果实,生子女belabor vt. 痛击，痛斥，冗长地解释bond n. 债券；结合；约定；粘合剂vi. 结合，团结在一起vt. 使结合；以…作保civility n. 礼貌, 端庄commit v. 委托(托付), 犯罪, 作...事, 承诺[计算机] 委托convert v. 使转变, 使...改变信仰, 倒置n. 皈依者, 改宗者conscience n. 良心, 责任心, 顾忌embattled adj. 被敌人围困的，严阵以待的动词embattle的过去式和过去分词形式endeavor n. 努力, 尽力, 进取心vt. 努力,尽力vi. 企图, 谋求engulf v. 吞没eradicate v. 根除, 扑减, 根绝foe n. 敌人,仇敌,反对物,有害物forebear n. 祖先, 祖宗=forbearforge n. 熔炉, 铁工厂vt. 锻造, 想出, 伪造, 构建vi. 稳步(高速)前进, 制假formulate vt. 规划；用公式表示；明确地表达forum n. 论坛, 讨论会heir n. 继承人hemisphere n. 半球heritage n. 遗产, 继承物humanity n. 人类人性;人道;慈爱inaugural adj. 就职典礼的,创始的n. 就职演说,就职典礼invective n. 恶言漫骂,臭骂adj. 漫骂的,非难的,恶言的invoke vt. 求助,用咒语召唤,请求,应用,引起[计算机] 调用misery n. 痛苦,悲惨的境遇,苦难oath n. 誓言,誓约,咒骂语odds n. 让步,机率,可能性,比率,胜败优劣之别outpace vt. 超过... 速度, 赶过pledge n. 保证,誓言,抵押,抵押品vt. 保证,誓言,举杯祝...健康prey n. 被掠食者,牺牲者vi. 捕食,掠夺,使...苦恼renewal n. 更新, 革新, 复兴, 复活shield n. 盾,防卫物,盾状物vt. 保护,遮蔽shrink n. 收缩,萎缩vi. 收缩,退缩,萎缩vt. 使收缩signify v. 象徵, 预示sincerity n. 诚实, 真实, 诚心诚意split n. 劈开, 裂片, 裂口adj. 分散的v. 分离, 分开, 劈开sovereign n. 元首,金镑adj. 具有主权的,至高无上的,极好的,完全的stay n. 停留,停止;依靠,忍耐力;撑条vt. 等待,坚持到底vi. 保持,停留,留宿subversion n. 颠覆, 破坏summon vt. 召唤,召集,振奋swear n. 发誓, 誓言vt. &vi. 发誓, 宣誓, 咒骂temper n. 脾气；（钢等）回火；性情；倾向vt. 使回火；锻炼；调和；使缓和vi. 回火；调和testimony n. 证言,证据tribulation n. 苦难, 灾难twilight n. 黄昏,微光,略知v. 使微明tyranny n. 暴政，苛政，专制undo v. 解开，松开，取消unleash v. 解开...的皮带, 解除...的束缚, 解放writ n. 令状,文书,文件a host of大量，许多, 一大群ask of要求，期望at issue在争论(在争论中)at odds争吵，不和, 不一致commit to把... 托付给, 把... 置于end up结束,告终year in and yearout一年一年地, 年复一年。

研究生学术英语读写教程翻译孙晓燕课文翻译摘要：一、引言1.研究生学术英语读写的重要性2.翻译孙晓燕课文的意义二、学术英语读写的技巧1.词汇选择2.句子结构3.篇章布局三、孙晓燕课文翻译实践1.词汇翻译2.句子翻译3.篇章翻译四、翻译中的难点与解决方法1.专业术语翻译2.文化背景差异的处理3.语言风格转换五、总结与展望1.研究生学术英语读写能力的提升2.课文翻译对学术英语能力的影响正文：一、引言随着全球化的发展和国际学术交流的日益频繁，研究生学术英语读写能力的重要性日益凸显。

在这一背景下，翻译孙晓燕课文成为提高研究生学术英语读写能力的重要途径。

本文旨在通过分析孙晓燕课文，探讨学术英语读写的技巧，以期提升研究生的学术英语能力。

二、学术英语读写的技巧1.词汇选择在学术英语写作中，词汇选择至关重要。

孙晓燕课文中的词汇丰富且准确，体现了作者的专业素养。

研究生在翻译过程中应注意以下几点：（1）使用专业词汇，避免过于通俗的词汇；（2）选择准确、恰当的词汇，以表达作者的观点；（3）掌握词汇的搭配和用法，确保表达的准确性。

2.句子结构学术英语写作要求句子结构严谨、清晰。

孙晓燕课文中的句子结构多样，富有逻辑性。

研究生在翻译过程中应注意以下几点：（1）保持句子结构的完整性；（2）注意句子间的逻辑关系，使用合适的连接词；（3）掌握长句子的翻译技巧，确保表达的连贯性。

3.篇章布局学术英语写作的篇章布局要求层次分明、论证充分。

孙晓燕课文通过合理的篇章布局，使观点更加有说服力。

研究生在翻译过程中应注意以下几点：（1）明确文章的主题和目的；（2）合理划分段落，突出重点；（3）注意论证的严密性和逻辑性。

三、孙晓燕课文翻译实践1.词汇翻译在翻译孙晓燕课文时，研究生应充分理解词汇的意义和用法，确保翻译的准确性。

例如，对于专业术语的翻译，要查阅相关资料，了解其在专业领域的具体含义。

2.句子翻译在翻译句子时，研究生应注意保持原文的逻辑关系和语言风格。

Unit 2: Improving Reading Skills in Academic EnglishIn Unit 1, we have l本人d the foundation for academic reading and introduced the essential skills for reading and understanding academic texts in English. In this unit, we will delve deeper into the strategies and techniques for improving reading skills in academic English.1. Skimming and ScanningSkimming and scanning are two essential techniques for efficient academic reading. Skimming involves quickly looking over a text to get a general sense of its content, while scanning involves looking for specific information. Skimming and scanning can help readers locate key points, m本人n ideas, and supporting det本人ls in a text, thus saving time and boostingprehension.2. Active ReadingActive reading is an important strategy for engaging with academic texts. Instead of passively reading, active readers interact with the text by asking questions, making connections, and summarizing key points. Active reading also involves annotating the text, highlighting important passages, andwriting notes in the margin. By actively engaging with the text, readers can better understand and remember the information.3. Vocabulary ExpansionA wide-ranging vocabulary is crucial for understanding academic texts. In this unit, we will focus on strategies for expanding vocabulary, such as learning academic word lists, using contextual clues, and employing vocabulary-building techniques like root analysis and word families. By continually expanding their vocabulary, students can improve their readingprehension and academic writing skills.4. Critical ReadingCritical reading involves analyzing and evaluating a text to form a deep understanding of its content and arguments. In this unit, students will learn how to develop critical reading skills, including identifying the author's purpose, evaluating evidence and reasoning, and questioning the text's underlying assumptions. Critical reading is essential for academic success as it enables students to think critically and develop their own informed opinions.5. Reading for ResearchFor graduate students, reading is not just aboutprehension—it is also about conducting research and gathering information for academic projects. This unit will introduce strategies for reading academic texts with a research mindset, including identifying relevant sources, extracting key information, and citing and referencing sources properly. Effective reading for research is essential for producing high-quality written work.6. Supplementary MaterialsIn addition to the core content of this unit, students will have access to supplementary materials such as academic articles, sample texts, and readingprehension exercises. These materials will provide additional practice and support for students to further enhance their reading skills in academic English.In conclusion, Unit 2 of the research graduate academic English reading and writing course focuses on equipping students with advanced reading skills to engage effectively with academic texts. By mastering the techniques of skimming and scanning, active reading, vocabulary expansion, critical reading, and reading for research, students will be well-prepared to navigate theplexities of academic English reading and succeed in their graduate studies and beyond.。

《研究生英语读写译教程》（第二版）练习参考答案及参考译文（注：第二版只有第六单元为全新单元，其余单元只是有些调整。

）各单元练习答案UNIT ONE STAY HUNGRY. STAY FOOLISH. COMPREHENSION1 He dropped out of Reed College because he did not see the value of it. (The answer to the second part of the question is open.)2 Life was tough –he slept on the floor in friends’ rooms, he returned coke bottles and he walked 7 miles to get one good free meal…3 He cited the example to demonstrate that what he had learned in his calligraphy class worked when designing the first Macintosh computer.4 Jobs’ first story tells that the dots will somehow connect in your future. (What you have learned/experienced might help in your future career.)5 He was publicly out. (The company that he and Woz established dismissed him.) The fact that he still loved what he did made him start over again.6 He has learned a good lesson from his failure.7 Do the things we love to do.8 Open.9 Open.10 Open. (We should always want more, never be content and when we want to do something that others say is foolish, do it anyway.)VOCABULARY AND STRUCTUREA1 naively2 curiosity3 combination4 let down5 vision6 baton7 creative8 mirror9 trap 10 inventionB1 drowned out2 tuition3 Commencement4 deposit5 typography6 make way for7 animation8 intuition9 destination 10 divergeC1 follow: orders, rules, advice, fads, an ideal, one’s instinct2 trust in: honesty, the Lord, power, intuition, sixth sense3 wear out, fade out, put out, make out, get out, break out4 play writer/playwright, speedwriter, blog writer, letter writer, editorial writer5 habitual, textual, accentual, sexual, spiritual, conceptual6 shocking, stunning, eye-catching, astonishing, striking, dazzling SPEAKING: Open.TRANSLATIONA1热烈的鼓掌2波涛汹涌的海面3熟睡4烟瘾大的人5油腻而难消化的食物6烈酒7悲痛的消息8沉闷冗长的读物9〈化〉重水10他在一家法国银行拥有外国人账户。

国科大研究生学术英语读写教程unit1# 国科大研究生学术英语读写教程Unit 1：探索学术读写之路作为一名研究生，掌握学术英语的读写能力是至关重要的。

在本教程中，我们将引领您深入学术英语的世界，帮助您提升批判性思维能力，为未来的学术研究之路奠定坚实基础。

以下是国科大研究生学术英语读写教程Unit 1的内容概述。

## 导语学术英语读写是研究生必备的基本技能，它关系到您在学术领域的表现和成就。

Unit 1将为您介绍学术阅读和写作的基本技巧，帮助您迅速适应研究生阶段的学术要求。

## 学术阅读技巧### 1.理解文章结构学术文章通常具有清晰的结构，包括引言、正文和结论。

在阅读过程中，关注文章的结构有助于您更好地理解作者的观点和论证过程。

### 2.识别关键信息在学术文章中，关键信息往往隐藏在大量的论述中。

通过学习如何识别关键信息，您将能够更快地捕捉到文章的核心观点。

### 3.理解长难句学术文章中常常出现长难句，理解这些句子对于把握文章意义至关重要。

本单元将教授您如何分析长难句，提炼出其主要含义。

## 学术写作技巧### 1.文章构思在学术写作中，清晰的构思是关键。

本单元将指导您如何进行文章构思，确保您的写作具有逻辑性和连贯性。

### 2.论证方法有效的论证是学术写作的核心。

本单元将介绍常见的论证方法，帮助您在写作过程中运用合适的论证策略。

### 3.语言表达学术写作要求语言准确、简练。

本单元将教授您如何运用恰当的语言表达学术观点，提高您的写作质量。

## 阅读材料Unit 1精选了来自心理学、地学、物理等十个学科的阅读材料，旨在帮助您从不同领域了解学术英语的特点和表达方式。

## 写作任务每个单元都设有相应的写作任务，旨在巩固所学知识，提高您的实际运用能力。

Unit 1的写作任务包括：1.段落背诵：通过背诵优秀段落，学习学术英语的表达方式。

2.段落写作：根据所学技巧，完成指定的段落写作任务。

通过完成本单元的学习，您将初步掌握学术英语的读写技巧，为后续的学习和研究打下坚实基础。

UNIT 11. During each of these passages, how we feel about our way of living will undergo su btle changes in four areas of perception. One is the interior sense of self in relation t o others. A second is the proportion of safeness to danger we feel in our lives. A thir d is our perception of time—do we have plenty of it,or are we beginning to feel that t ime is running out? Last, there will be some shift at the gut level in our sense of alive ness or stagnation. These are the hazy sensations that compose the background tone of living and shape the decisions on which we take action.在这些变化和转折中，我们对生活方式的看法要经历四个感知方面的微妙变化：第一，在内心中对自己和他人的看法；第二，在生活的各种威胁面前所具有的安全感；第三是我们对时间的认识，是感到来日方长，还是开始感到时日无多？最后是对自己的精力和活力的直觉意识，是感到精力充沛，还是感到力不从心？这些都是在我们内心里产生的若明若暗的感觉，它们构成了我们生活的基调，影响着我们采取行动前的种种决定。

2. The tasks of this passage are to locate ourselves in a peer group role ,a sex role, an anticipated occupation,an ideology or world view. As a result, we gather the impetus to leave home physically and the identity to begin leaving home emotionally.人生这一阶段的任务是，在同龄人中，在性别角色中，在期望的职业中，以及在思想意识和世界观方面确立自己的位置。

笛卡尔错了：“他人在，故我在”乌班图哲学起源于古代非洲。

按照它的说法，新生儿尚不能称为“人”。

初生时，人没有自我。

随着时间的推移，在互动和经验中才能习得它。

因此，西方哲学中自我/他者之间清晰的分界在乌班图哲学中变得模糊起来。

出生于肯尼亚的哲学家约翰·姆比蒂（John Mbiti在著作《非洲的宗教与哲学》（African Religions and Philosophy）中如是说：我在，因为我们在；因为我们在，所以我在。

日常经验告诉我们，一个人一部分从社会的历练中锻造出来。

社会关系赋予我们自我认知。

我是谁，这个问题的答案依赖于众多他者：家庭、朋友、文化背景、同事等等。

在杂货店购物的我和与博士导师交谈的我不是同一个自我。

即便是最私人化、最个性化的自我印象也无法摆脱他人的意见和印象：赞同我的人，批评我的人，以及那些称赞我的人。

但是，自我的摇摆不定和充满歧义让人不安。

很大程度上，我们可以把这份不安归因于笛卡尔。

这位十七世纪的法国哲学家相信，人本质上是独立自给的，是一个内在理性的存在应该用怀疑主义的态度来面对他头脑以外的世界。

尽管笛卡尔没有单独创造出现代思维，但他在定义其框架上起到了很大的推动作用。

笛卡尔给自己提出了一个特别的谜团。

他想不倚靠上帝赐予的智慧，另外找到一个稳固的观点来观察世界，使得他能观察到自然界的白云苍狗之下的永恒规则。

笛卡尔坚信，在确定和世俗的富足之间，存在权衡。

你唯一能确定的，就是“我思故我在”——即，你思考的状态。

其他人和其他事物是不稳定且难以预测的存在。

因此，它们和认识自己的基本律条毫无关系。

认识自我从来都是独自进行的，需要不断的深思在认识到精神和身体是完全独立存在的基础上，很少有备受尊敬的哲学家和心理学家被认为是个彻底的笛卡尔式的二元论者。

但笛卡尔式的我思故我在目之所及，已遍布每一个角落。

记忆测试的实验设计趋于从一个假说出发，即自我和世界之间是可能存在明确界限的如果记忆仅仅存在于我们的头颅中，那么，将一个人从他的日常生活的环境和社会关系中剥离出来，并在人造的封闭实验室中使用卡片或荧幕来检测他的记忆是百分百可行的。

中国科学院大学研究生学术英语读写教程课文翻译Jan Hendrik Schon's success seemed too good to be true, and it was. In only four years as aphysicist at Bell Laboratories, Schon,32, hadco-authored 90 scientific papers—one every16 days—detailing new discoveries in superconductivity，lasers，nanotechnology andquantum physics. This output astonished his colleagues, and made them suspicious. Whenone co-worker noticed that the same table of data appeared in two separate papers—whichalso happened to appear in the two most prestigious scientific journals in the world, Scienceand Nature-the jig was up. In October 2002, a Bell Labs investigation found that Schon hadfalsified and fabricated data. His career as a scientist was finished.lf it sounds a lot like the fall of Hwang Woo Suk—the South Korean researcher whofabricated his evidence about cloning human cells—it is. Scientific scandals,which are asold as science itself, tend to follow similar patterns of hubris and comeuppance.Afterwards,colleagues wring their hands and wonder how such malfeasance can be avoided in thefuture. But it never is entirely.Science is built on the honor system; the method ofpeer-review, in which manuscripts are evaluated by experts in the field，is not meant tocatch cheats. In recent years，of course,the pressure on scientists to publish in the topjournals has increased, making the journals that much more crucial to career success. Thequestions raised anew byHwang's fall are whether Nature and Science have become toopowerful as arbiters of what science reaches the public, and whether the journals are up totheir task as gatekeepers.Each scientific specialty has its own set of journals. Physicists have Physical ReviewLetters，cell biologists have Cell,neuroscientists have Neuron, and so forth.Science andNature，though，are the only two major journals that cover the gamut of scientificdisciplines,from meteorology and zoology to quantum physics and chemistry.As a result,journalists look to them each week for the cream of the crop of new science papers. Andscientists look to the journals in part to reach journalists. Why do they care?Competitionfor grants has gotten so fierce that scientists have sought popular renown to gain an edgeover their rivals. Publication in specialized journals will win the accolades of academicsand satisfy the publish-or-perish imperative, but Science and Nature come with the addedbonus of potentially getting your paper written up in The New York Times and otherpublications.Scientists are also trying to reach other scientists through Science and Nature, not just thepublic.The line between popular and professional notoriety is not distinct. Scientists tendto pay more attention to the Big Two than to other journals. When more scientists knowabout a particular paper, they're more apt to cite it in their own papers. Being oft-citedwillincrease a scientist's "Impact Factor", a measure of how often papers are cited by peers.Funding agencies use the Impact Factor as a rough measure of the influence of scientiststhey're considering supporting.Because Nature and Science papers have more visibility, thenumber of submissions is growing, say the editors. Nature now gets 10,000 manuscripts ayear，and that figure is rising, says editor-in-chief Phiip Campbell via email. "This partlyreflects the increase in scientific activity around the world," he says. "It also no doubtreflects the increasing and sometimes excessive emphasis amongst funding agencies andgovernments on publication measures, such as the typical rates of citation of journals."Whatever the reasons, the whims of the editors at Science and Nature loom large for manyscientists. When either magazine is considering a paper for publication, the authors are toldnot to speak to the press lest they want to risk rejection."Every scientists hates them andloves them," says a prominent scientist who would not speak for attribution for fear ofoffending the editors. "We hate them because it's so political to get an article in them.Frankly I'm astonished at some of the things they accept，and some of the things theyreject."Whether the clamor to appear in these journals has any bearing on their ability to catchfraud is another matter. The fact is,fraud is terrifically hard to spot.Consider the processScience used to evaluate Hwang's 2005article. Science editors recognized the manuscript'simport almost as soon as it arrived.As part of the standard procedure, they sent it to twomembers of its Board of Reviewing Editors，who recommended that it go out for peerreview (about 30 percent of manuscripts pass this test). This recommendation was made。

［1南省。

［2自六个成员国于1992之间达到真正意义上的整合和合作，在最初建立的15铺平道路并为该地区提供长期的和平。

大湄公河次区域资源［3［4在它的北部和东北部。

［5区域（而非在国家）基础上开发和利用。

［6境。

大湄公河次区域规划［7］自1992［8］在过去12次区域项目共花费大约65亿美元，其中调动了总额达1亿4800环境、贸易和投资为重心的124项技术援助。

大湄公河次区域（GMS）与东盟（ASEAN）的相似与不同之处杨恩•迪瓦尔［1］东南亚国家联盟，简称东盟，于1967年8月8日在泰国曼谷成立，初创的五个国家分别是印度尼西亚，马来西亚，菲律宾，新加坡和泰国，同时还签署了联合国宪章下的《曼谷宣言》。

之后，文莱于1984年1月8日、越南于1995年7月28日、老挝和缅甸于1997年7月23日，柬埔寨于1999年4月30日分别加入到该组织中，组成了今天的东盟十国。

［2］东盟的面积为四百四十六万平方公里，人口将近五亿八千万，占世界人口的8.7%。

2009年它的GDP总量已超过1.5万亿美元。

如果把东盟看作是一个单一的国家，根据它的当年的GDP总量，它的世界排名为第九。

［3］东盟和大湄公河次区域有着同样的初衷，即在经济、社会、文化、科学和行政管理等领域促进增长、发展和合作，维护区域的和平与稳定。

［4］1997年由泰铢贬值而引发的货币危机蔓延到印度尼西和马来西亚。

其他东盟国家也受到较小程度的影响，最终导致亚洲经济危机。

东南亚经济一体化、一系列抗击国际货币基金组织的行动和结构问题使货币危机转化成严重的金融危机，波及整个亚洲。

［5］该危机使这些国家加强金融和货币合作以避免另外的危机。

东盟和大湄公河次区域的目标是一致的。

双方都把追求合作发展作为基本目标。

共同寻求培育一个好的氛围，为投资和其他经济活动提供必要的条件。

［6］到2015年，东盟十国将进一步朝着一体化的目标迈进，因此人们，尤其是年轻人，不仅仅要认同自己的国家，而且要认同整个东盟。

当代研究生英语读写教程（上） A课文译文第一单元信息空间：出入随愿1 美国人的内心深处具有一种酷爱探索新领域的气质。

我们渴求宽敞的场地，我们喜欢探索，喜欢制定规章制度，却不愿去遵守。

在当今时代，却很难找到一块空间，可以供你任意驰骋，又不必担心影响你的邻居。

2 确实有这样一个空间，那就是信息空间。

这里原本是计算机迷的游戏天地，但如今只要想像得到的各类人群应有尽有，包括少年儿童、轻佻的单身汉、美籍匈牙利人、会计等。

问题是他们都能和睦相处吗?人们是否会因为害怕孩子们躲在卧室里看网上的淫秽图片而将它封杀?3 首先要解决的问题是，什么是信息空间。

我们可以抛开高速公路、前沿新领域等比喻，把信息空间看作一个巨大的房地产。

请记住，庄园是人们智慧的结晶，是合法的、人工营造的氛围，它建立在土地之上。

在房地产业中，公园和商业中心、红灯区与学校、教堂、政府机构与杂货店都能区分开来。

4 你可以用同样的方法把信息空间想像为一个巨大的、无边无际的虚拟房地产业。

其中有些房产为私人拥有并已租出，有些是公共场所；有的场所适合儿童出人，而有些地方人们最好避开。

遗憾的是，正是这些应该避开的地方使得人们心向神往。

这些地方教唆你如何制造炸弹、为你提供淫秽材料、告诉你如何窃取信用卡。

所有这些使信息空间听起来像是一个十分肮脏的地方。

正直的公民纷纷作出这样的结论：最好对它严加管理。

5 但是，在利用规章制度来反击下流之举之前，关键是从根本上理解信息空间的性质。

恶棍并不能在信息空间抢走毫无提防之心的儿童；信息空间也不像一台巨大的电视机，向不情愿的观众播放令人作呕的节目。

在信息空间这个房地产业中，用户对他们所去之处、所见所闻、所做所为都要作出选择，一切都出于自愿。

换句话说，信息空间是个出入自便的地方，实际上，信息空间里有很多可去之处。

人们不能盲目上网，必须带着具体的目标上网。

这意味着人们可以选择去哪个网址、看什么内容。

不错，规章制度应该在群体内得以实施，但这些规章制度必须由信息空间内各个群体自己来制定，而不是由法庭或华盛顿的政客们来制定。

吐血整理当代研究生英语读写教程2~7和9中英对照word版Unit 2 WHY IS IT SO HARD FOR MEN AND WOMEN TO TALK 男女交谈为何如此困难I was addressing a small gathering in a suburban Virginia living room -- a women's group that had invited men to join them. Throughout the evening, one man had been particularly talkative, frequently offering ideas and anecdotes,while his wife sat silently beside him on the couch. Toward to end of the evening, I commented that women frequently complain that their husbands do not talk to them. This man quickly concurred. He gestured toward his wife and said, "She is the talker in our family." The room burst into laughter; the man looked puzzled and hurt. "It is true," he explained. "When I come home from work I have nothing to say. If she did not keep the conversation going, we would spend the whole evening in silence."那是在弗吉尼亚郊区一个住所的客厅里，我正在一次小型聚会上发言——这是一次女性的聚会，但也邀请了男性参加。

研究生英语读写教程提高级译文研究生英语读写教程提高级译文：Unit 1: Academic Reading Strategies1.1 Skimming and ScanningSkimming and scanning techniques are important for efficient academic reading. Skimming involves quickly reading through a text to get a general idea of its content. Scanning, on the other hand, involves searching for specific information by quickly moving the eyes over the text. These strategies help students identify the main points, key details, and relevant information in an academic text.1.2 Annotating and Note-TakingAnnotating and note-taking are crucial skills for effective reading comprehension. Annotation involves underlining or highlighting important information, writing brief summaries or key words in the margins, and asking questions to engage with the text. Note-taking entails jotting down key points, organizing them in a logical manner, and using abbreviations and symbols to save time. These techniques aid in remembering and reviewing the material.Unit 2: Critical Reading and Thinking2.1 Analyzing ArgumentsCritical reading requires the analysis of arguments presented in academic texts. Students must identify the main claim, supporting evidence, and logical fallacies in an argument. They need to assess the validity and credibility of the information provided and evaluate the strength of the author's reasoning. This skill allows students to engage with the text critically and form their own opinions.2.2 Evaluating SourcesEvaluating sources is crucial to ensure the credibility and reliability of information. Students must assess the author's credentials, the publication date, the reputation of the publisher, and any potential biases. They need to consider whether the source is scholarly, peer-reviewed, or from a reputable institution. This skill helps students differentiate between credible sources and unreliable ones.Unit 3: Research Skills3.1 Effective Library UseUsing library resources effectively is essential for successful research. Students must learn how to navigate library catalogs, databases, and search engines to find relevant sources. They need to understand how to use advanced search techniques, such as Boolean operators and truncation, to refine their search results. This skill enables students to locate and retrieve the appropriate materialsfor their research.3.2 Proper Citation and ReferencingProper citation and referencing are necessary to acknowledge the sources used in academic writing. Students must learn the rules and conventions of various citation styles, such as APA, MLA, or Chicago. They need to understand how to format in-text citations, create reference lists, and avoid plagiarism. This skill ensures the integrity and credibility of their research.Unit 4: Academic Writing Skills4.1 Essay Structure and OrganizationMastering essay structure and organization is essential for effective academic writing. Students should learn how to create a clear and concise introduction, develop coherent body paragraphs, and present a logical conclusion. They need to understand the importance of topic sentences, supporting evidence, and transition words in constructing an argument. This skill enhances the clarity and coherence of their written work.4.2 Writing Style and VocabularyDeveloping an appropriate writing style and expanding vocabulary are crucial for academic writing. Students must aim for a formal tone, avoid colloquial expressions, and use discipline-specific terminology. They need to use a variety of sentence structures, demonstrate critical thinking, and present their ideas in a clear and concise manner. This skill helps students effectively communicate their thoughts and arguments.注：以上译文仅供参考，具体翻译请根据需要和语境进行调整和修正。

Unit 4THE FUTURE OF ENGLISH01In the middle of the sixteenth century, English was spoken by between four and five millions of people, and stood fifth among the European languages, with French, German, Italian, and Spanish ahead of it in that order, and Russian following. Two hundred years later, Italian had dropped behind but Russian had gone ahead, so that English was still in fifth place. By the end of the Eighteenth Century English began to move forward, and by the middle of the nineteenth it had forced its way into first place. Today it is so far in the lead that it is probably spoken by as many people as the next two languages—Russian and German combined.在16世纪中叶，有四五百万人说英语，说英语的人数在欧洲的语言中名列第五。

前四位依次是法语、德语、意大利语和西班牙语。

俄语排在英语之后。

两百年以后，意大利语排名落后，而俄语的排名靠前了，英语依然处于第五位。

到了18世纪末，英语的地位开始上升。

到19世纪中叶，英语已经跻身于第一位了。

今天，英语的地位遥遥领先，说英语的人数可能达到说后两种语言，即俄语和德语人数的总和。

研究生学术英语读写教程Introduction to Academic English Reading and Writing for Graduate Students。

1. Introduction。

This course is designed for graduate students who need to improve their academic English reading and writing skills. The course will focus on developing the skills necessary to read and understand academic texts, as well as the ability to write clear and concise academic papers.2. Goals。

The goals of this course are to:。

- Improve students' ability to read and understand academic texts。

- Develop students' critical thinking skills。

- Enhance students' writing skills and ability to write clear and concise academic papers。

- Develop students' ability to work independently and as part of a group。

3. Course Structure。

4. Topics Covered。

Some of the topics that will be covered in this course include:。

外研社研究生学术英语读写教程The pursuit of academic excellence in the realm of graduate studies often demands a solid grasp of English, particularly in reading and writing. This is where the "Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press Graduate Academic English Reading and Writing Course" comes into play, offering a comprehensive guide for students to navigate the scholarly landscape.The course is meticulously designed to cater to the nuanced requirements of advanced academic writing. It equips students with the necessary tools to critically analyze and synthesize information from various sources, fostering an environment conducive to intellectual growth and innovation.Through a series of structured lessons, the course delves into the intricacies of academic discourse, emphasizing the importance of clarity, coherence, and precision in written communication. Each module is a step towards mastering theart of academic writing, from crafting compelling arguments to presenting data effectively.Moreover, the course does not shy away from the challenges of reading complex texts. It guides students through the process of extracting key insights from dense academic materials, honing their ability to discern the essence of scholarly work and engage with it critically.The interactive nature of the course is a testament toits commitment to practical learning. Students are encouraged to apply theoretical knowledge in real-world scenarios, thereby bridging the gap between classroom instruction and professional practice.As students progress through the course, they are introduced to a variety of writing styles and formats, from research papers to academic essays. This exposure ensuresthat they are well-prepared to tackle the diverse writing tasks that graduate studies may present.In essence, the "Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press Graduate Academic English Reading and Writing Course" is more than just a curriculum; it is a gateway to academic proficiency, empowering students to excel in their chosen fields of study.。

《研究生英语读写译教程》练习参考答案及参考译文《研究生英语读写译教程》是一本专门为研究生编写的学习教材，旨在提高学生的英语读写译能力。

本教程包括多个单元，每个单元都有不同的主题和内容。

以下是其中几个单元的练习参考答案及参考译文，供大家参考。

单元一：练习一：原文：The new student is from Russia. She is a very intelligent girl. She likes math and science. 问题：What nationality is the new student? 答案：The new student is from Russia.练习二：原文：My name is John. I am a student at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA). I am majoring in Business Administration. 问题：What is the name of the university where John is studying? 答案：The University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA).练习三：原文：He usually gets up at 7 o'clock in the morning. He takes a shower and eats breakfast at 7:30. He leaves for work at 8:00. 问题：When does he usually leave for work? 答案：He leaves for work at 8:00.单元二：练习一：原文：He is a talented artist. He can paint and draw very well. 问题：What can he do well? 答案：He can paint and draw very well.练习二：原文：I love to play tennis. It is my favorite sport.I play it every weekend. 问题：What is the author's favorite sport? 答案：Tennis.练习三：原文：My favorite food is pizza. I like to eat it with salad and French fries. 问题：What is the author's favorite food? 答案：Pizza.单元三：练习一：原文：She is a successful businesswoman. She has her own company. She is very hardworking and determined. 问题：What are the two key qualities that made her a successful businesswoman? 答案：Hardworking and determined.研究生英语读写教程课后答案《研究生英语读写教程》课后答案解析《研究生英语读写教程》是一本为研究生编写的英语读写课程教材，旨在提高学生的英语阅读和写作能力。

当代研究生英语读写教程（下） A课文译文第一单元人生旅程(节选)盖尔·希伊1．一个人在每一特定时期内的生活都是由外部生活和内心生活这两个方面结合而成的。

外部生活是指我们在文明社会中的实际生活（对文明社会中实际活动的参与），其中包括我们的工作、社会地位、家庭生活、（担当的）社会角色、我们如何向社会展现自己，以及如何参与到社会中去等。

内心生活是指我们所参与的种种外部活动对我们个人产生的影响。

例如，我们目前的生活体系是符合我们的价值观、目标和理想呢，还是与之相违背? 我们的个性能在多大程度上得到发挥，还是受到某种程度的压抑? 在每一特定时期，我们对自己的生活方式又有何种感受?2．正是在人的内心世界这个领域中，一些重大的和基本的转变开始使人失去自我平衡，这就意味着必须进行调整，以步人人生发展的下一个阶段。

∕人的是阶段性的：在人生必经的一些重大转折关头，如果一个人觉得失去自我平衡，这就意味着要进行调整，以步人人生发展的下一个阶段，这些重大转折贯穿人的一生，只是是人们往往不承认自己具有这样一种内在的生命系统。

如果你问一个看来不得志的人：“你为何如此消沉?”大部分人总是把那些内心因素解释成比较明显的外部因素——他会对你说：“我之所以以不高兴，是因为我最近搬家了，我原来的工作也换了，我的妻子又回学校去读研究生，还要干什么倒霉的社会工作，还因为其他一些乱七八糟的事，”或许只有不足十分之一的人会说：“我感到有一种不可名状的烦恼，尽管很痛苦，可我还得设法忍受它、克服它”更少有人会承认这些思想情绪的波动和外界因素没有什么关系。

然而这种痛苦可能需要好几年才能熬过去、3．在这些变化和转折中，我们对生活方式的看法要经历四个感知方面的微妙变化：第一，通过与他人比较（交往）形成的自我意识（对自己的看法）；第二，在生活的各种威胁面前所具有的安全程度（的变化）；第三是我们时间的认识，是感到来日方长，还是开始感到时日无多? 最后是对自己的精力和活力的直觉意识，是感到精力充沛，还是感到力不从心? 这些都是在我们内心里产生的若明若暗的感觉，它构成了我们生活的基调，影响着我们（作为）采取行动前的（依据的）种种决定。

研究生学术英语读写教程翻译孙晓燕课文翻译【原创版】目录1.研究生学术英语读写教程概述2.孙晓燕课文翻译的重要性3.孙晓燕课文翻译的具体内容4.孙晓燕课文翻译对研究生学术英语学习的影响5.总结正文一、研究生学术英语读写教程概述研究生学术英语读写教程是一本针对研究生的英语教材，旨在帮助研究生提高学术英语的读写能力。

教材中包含了各种实用的学术英语技巧和策略，以帮助学生更好地应对学术英语写作和阅读的挑战。

二、孙晓燕课文翻译的重要性孙晓燕的课文翻译在研究生学术英语读写教程中占据了重要地位。

通过对孙晓燕的课文进行翻译，学生可以更好地理解课文内容，从而提高自己的英语水平。

同时，翻译过程也可以帮助学生加深对英语语法和句式结构的理解，进一步提高学术英语写作和阅读能力。

三、孙晓燕课文翻译的具体内容孙晓燕的课文翻译主要包括对课文中的难点和重点进行翻译。

这些难点和重点可能包括某些复杂的句式结构、专业术语以及文化背景知识等。

通过翻译这些内容，学生可以更好地理解课文，从而提高自己的英语水平。

四、孙晓燕课文翻译对研究生学术英语学习的影响孙晓燕的课文翻译对研究生学术英语学习具有重要影响。

通过翻译孙晓燕的课文，学生可以更好地掌握学术英语的写作技巧和阅读策略，从而提高自己的学术英语水平。

此外，翻译过程还可以帮助学生加深对英语语法和句式结构的理解，进一步提高学术英语写作和阅读能力。

五、总结总之，孙晓燕的课文翻译在研究生学术英语读写教程中具有重要地位。

通过对孙晓燕的课文进行翻译，学生可以更好地理解课文内容，提高自己的英语水平。

同时，翻译过程也可以帮助学生加深对英语语法和句式结构的理解，进一步提高学术英语写作和阅读能力。